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Wilhelmstraße 49 a Building in Berlin with a History

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Wilhelmstraße 49 a Building in Berlin with a History Wilhelmstraße 49 A building in Berlin with a history Wilhelmstraße 49 A building in Berlin with a history The headquarters of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs opens its doors. The past meets the present at Wilhelmstraße 49 in Berlin. In 2008, this historical building will be linked by a new building complex with the buildings in Mohrenstraße and the Kleisthaus. For months, a distance meter was affixed which was to examine whether this new link has a future. Righwand picture: Distance meter in the entrance hall of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, 2007. Table of Contents 6 From Bonn to Berlin 1990 to 2008 18 The German Democratic Republic 1945 to 1990 26 The Era of National Socialism 1933 to 1945 34 The Weimar Republic 1918 to 1933 40 The German Empire 1871 to 1918 50 The Prussian Era 1700 to 18 71 58 The Kleisthaus A banking house becomes part of a ministry 62 Art in the Ministry 68 Appendix 8 1990 to 2008 1990 to 2008 9 From Bonn to Berlin 1990 to 2008 The German Federal Parliament decided on 20 June Socialist Propaganda Ministry at Wilhelmstraße 1991 that Berlin was to become the seat of Parlia - 49. The architect Prof. Josef Paul Kleihues, based ment and of the Government. The conversion and in Berlin and Dülmen-Rorup, was responsible for use of official buildings in Berlin was decided upon the general planning of the refurbishment of the in the ensuing period. The first offical residence of building. The construction work started in August the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs was 1997; Federal Minister Walter Riester took over the located in the office building of the former National completed building in May 2001. Large picture: View of the glass-roofed entrance hall, 2008. Small picture: After reunification, the German Federal Parliament decided on 20 June 1991 that the Parliament and the Government were to move from Bonn to Berlin. 10 1990 to 2008 Plans: Location plan of the buildings of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, first phase of construction; basis of the monument preservation report, 1997. Bottom picture: The old Hofbeamtenhaus with the three open as well as three other walled-up arches which were added to the front of the facade before 1949, 1998. A historically valuable structure The monument preservation report on Wilhelmstraße and Mauerstraße All in all, the buildings at Wilhelmstraße 49, Mauer- straße 45–52 and Mauerstraße 53 (Kleisthaus), which were planned to house the ministry, were not in an up-to-date state of construction, but their core consisted of a good building structure that was worth preserving. The Architecture Office for Urban Conser- vation and Artistic Monument Preservation in Berlin made a clear recommendation: the buildings were historically valuable and worth preserving, even if repairs were necessary. The report therefore said, amongst other things: “The building of the ‘Reich Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda’ was the headquarters of one of the largest, most effec- tive state agencies in the world aimed at influencing the public. As the logistical and representative centre of National Socialist dominance over minds, which was to lead to genocide and war, the building has considerable historical significance – even if the propa- ganda minister himself had his official premises in the destroyed Prince Leopold Palace. The building will always demand that we face our history.” It was also said to be of historical significance for the GDR era, given that both the first President of the GDR, Wilhelm Pieck, and the National Council of the National Front, had resided on the second second floor on Mauerstraße. 12 1990 to 2008 The modernisation of the historical buildings Architect Prof. Kleihues reinvents the site and creates modern offices The Wilhelmstraße wing and the Schinkel Palace, buildings. The character of the historically burdened containing the Minister’s office of the former Propa- building complex has been changed for its present use ganda Ministry, were destroyed in the war. The Media in a “great architectural achievement”. The conversion Ministry of the Modrow and de Maizière governments of the Kleisthaus into an information and visitor centre operated in the remaining building in 1990. In the supports the new identity. ensuing five years, it served as premises for parts of the Prof. Kleihues wrote in 2001 in his key notes on the Federal Environmental Agency. Refurbishment for the project: “Dealing with the historically burdened Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs started in and atmospherically somewhat oppressive building 1997; the first offices were moved into in June 1999. substance is a political challenge, and also a challenge We have the architect Prof. Josef Paul Kleihues to thank in terms of architecture, history and aesthetics, which for the harmonious combination of old and new. The can only be faced by creating a new architectural and new entrance hall, the well-conceived and consistent atmospheric identity without letting us forget history. architectural design and the renewal of the interior of Dealing with this in critical terms remains a very fine the building lend a new character to these old listed line to walk.” The new entrance hall Top picture: The new entrance hall, bringing together the entrance area of the three-arch facade, the office buildings and the Kleisthaus. An 8 x 8 m chessboard made of coloured glass squares, by the Parisian artist Daniel Buren, forms the visual centrepiece on the rear wall. Middle picture: Prof. Josef Paul Kleihues linked the Kleisthaus, the three-arch entrance and the other office buildings by means of a large, bright, modern entrance hall (marked in yellow on the plan). The open lobby gives the building complex an element of new identity. Bottom picture: Topping-out ceremony on 2 July 1999 in the courtyard of the new Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. 14 1990 to 2008 2001 The move to Berlin Jobs for the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs On 18 May 2001, the new office building was handed over by the architect Prof. Josef Paul Kleihues and the former President of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning, Florian Mausbach, to former Federal Minister of Labour Walter Riester. The management of the ministry and more than one- third of the staff moved from Bonn to Berlin between 1999 and 2001. The remaining staff remained in Bonn. The building was used by the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Security from 2002 to 2005. After the change of government which took place at the end of 2005 and the renewed change in its remit, the building is now being used as the headquarters of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. Top left-hand picture: Entrance into the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Wilhelmstraße 49, Berlin. This Hofbeamtenhaus with the three-arch facade is the oldest part of the building com- plex; it dates back to 1883. Top right-hand picture: The Kleisthaus building, which houses the Information and Visitor Centre of the ministry and also serves as the headquarters of the Federal Government Commissioner for Matters relating to Persons with Disabilities. Left-hand pictures: Corridor in GDR times (left). Corridor after conversion (right). 16 1990 to 2008 The tasks of the ministry as they have changed over time The tasks assigned to the ministry have changed over From 2002 to 2005, the areas of employment promo- time. Established in 1949 as the Federal Ministry of tion and labour law/industrial safety were removed Labour, its remit was expanded in 1957 as it became and transferred to the newly created Federal Ministry the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. of Economics and Labour. The other fields of activity Apart from minor alterations, this remained the case were taken over by the Federal Ministry of Health and until it renounced health insurance in 1991, and long- Social Security, also newly created. This organisation term care insurance in 1998, to the Federal Ministry was reversed in the autumn of 2005. There is now once for Health. The Federal Ministry of Labour and Social more a Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Affairs in return was given responsibility for social a Federal Ministry of Health and a Federal Ministry of assistance in 1998. Economics and Technology. Left-hand side: An office in the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs in Berlin, 2008. Top left-hand picture: Information plaque for the first Federal Ministries in Bonn, 1949. Top right-hand picture: The building of the conference rooms in the ministry in Bonn, Rochusstraße 1. Before parts of the ministry were moved to Berlin, the building was used as a visitor centre. 18 1990 to 2008 The extensions The past meets the present After the elections to the 16th German Federal Parlia- time. However, the staff were split between several ment in September 2005, the Grand Coalition of buildings. Over the course of 2006, the headquarters the CDU/CSU and the SPD redefined the tasks of the completely returned to Wilhelmstraße 49, where Ministry. Former Vice Chancellor Franz Müntefering they had already been located from 1999 to 2002. took over the ministry, which now concentrated on The Federal Ministry of Health, which until then had labour and social affairs. The official headquarters been housed in Wilhelmstraße, was moved to Frie- of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs drichstraße. While this building was being used by in Berlin were located at Mohrenstraße 62 at the the Federal Ministry of Health, extension work began Top picture: The Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs on Wilhelmstraße, corner of Mohrenstraße, 2008.
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