Spatial Analysis of Sex Ratio According to Different Religions in Jalgaon District

International Journal of Applied Research 2017; 3(7): 1240-1245

ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Spatial analysis of sex ratio according to different Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2017; 3(7): 1240-1245 religions in Jalgaon district (MS) www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 23-05-2017 Accepted: 24-06-2017 Badgujar Arvind Amrut

Badgujar Arvind Amrut Background Assistant Professor, The numerical measurement of sex composition of a population is often expressed in terms of sex ratio. D. D. S. P. College, Erandol This ratio is calculated differently in different countries. In India, however, the sex ratio is calculated in Dist. Jalgaon, Maharashtra, terms of number of females per thousand males. In general, the sex ratio is low in Jalgaon district and India greate variatio is observed throughout the region. Social customs, traditions, beliefs, culture etc. have

great influence on sex ratio. As these factors are vary according to different religions, sex ratio in different religions also vary from each other. Generally, male dominating culture have lower sex ratio. In the study region, sex ratio of Hindu, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikh, Jain and Christian regions are calculated and discussed and compared with each other.

Keywords: Sex ratio according, social customs, traditions, beliefs, culture

1. Introduction ‘Among various elements of population composition, sex composition, age composition and

economic composition hold a prime place for population geographers. The separate data for males and females are important for various types of planning and for the analysis of the demographic characteristics such as natality, mortality, migration, marital status, economic characteristics, etc. The balance between two sexes affects the social and economic complementary roles in the economy and society, the study of sex composition assumes [1] added significance for a population geographer.’ (Chandana, 2011) The present research paper deals with the identificate and distribution of categories of sex ratio according to different religions in Jalgaon district. It thoroughly discuses the distribution and comparision of sex ratio of different religions. Sex ratio differs for one community of population to other. Therefore, in the study region, to understand the

variations in sex ratio in according to different community, sex ratios of population of different religions are calculated. To understand variations in the sex ratio according to population of different religions is mainly taken into consideration.

2. Objectives The present study is undertaken by keeping the following objectives. 1. To explain the distributional pattern of sex ratio according to different religions in

Jalgaon district. 2. To understand the variations in sex ratio of different religions in the study region. 3. To compare different sex ratio according to different religions in the study region.

3. Database and Methodology The present research paper is mainly based on secondary data of obtained from the district

census handbooks of Jalgaon disrict for the year 2011. The demographic aspects of the region are collected from the Census handbook of 2011. In order to comprehensive analysis of sex ratio of different religions are calculated by using following simple formula. It is as fallows;

Correspondence Total Females Badgujar Arvind Amrut Sex ratio X 1000 Assistant Professor, Total Males D. D. S. P. College, Erandol Dist. Jalgaon, Maharashtra, The results, thus obtained for Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist, Sikhas, Jains and Christians India religions are explained thoroughly with the help of maps and charts. ~ 1240 ~ International Journal of Applied Research

3.1 The Study Region the west between the region and the Dhule district. In the The district under study is flanked by the Satpura ranges to east, the district under study is bordered by Buldhana the north and Ajanta hills to the south and the central part of district. To the south, Satmala, Ajanta and Chandor hills the district is covered by well-known Tapi river basin which form a natural boundary between the study region and the flows towards the west. The region experiences slightly districts of Nasik and Aurangabad. The Jalgaon district different climate than by rest of the state of Maharashtra, which is one of the 34 districts of Maharashtra lies between since it is located away from the coast but at much lower 200 N and 210 N latitudes and 740 55’ E and 760 28’ E altitude that the rest of the plateau of Maharashtra. The longitudes. The total area of the district is 11765.0 sq. Km. location away from the coast has resulted in high range of According to 2011 Census, the total population of the region mean daily temperature which is slightly than 15 0C. Low was 42, 29, 917. The proportion of urban population to total altitude has resulted in abnormally high maximum summer population in the district is 31.74 percent. This urban temperature which is normally above 40 0C. population resides in 01 city with Municipal Corporation, 14 The district is bounded by the state of Madhya Pradesh to Municipal towns and 05 Census towns. the north. The rivers Anner and Panjhara form a boundary in

LOCATION OF JALGAON DISTRICT

68° E 72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° 96° E 72° E 74° 76° 78° 80°E

36° 36° N 22° 22° N M A D H Y A P R A D E S H NA ND UR BAR B T H A A MAHARASHTRA N GONDIA DHULE AMARAVATI NAGPUR D R A 32° 32° R IN INDIA J JALGAON A A N A U H LD WARDHA G U B AKOLA CHANDRAPUR

NASHIK D GADCHIROLI ABA NG YAVTALMAL 28° 28° RA 20° 20° AU JALNA HINGOLI THANE AHMADNAGAR 24° PARBHANI 24° MUMBAI S H E D BEED A NANDED R R P A I PUNE A

G O R A A

S H

D D

E A N

20° LATUR N

20 ° A

MAHARASHTRA S A

A 18°

18°

R SATARA

SOLAPUR A

I JALGAON

A A 16° B

16°

K DISTRICT IN

R A

SANGALI

T MAHARASHTRA R

KOLHAPUR N A S R IN 18° 12° D A H K U D Jalgaon District 0 500 Kms 16° N U 16° N R G 0 160 Km. 8° N 8° N

72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° E 72° E 74° 76° 78° 80° E

74°55' E 75°10' 75°25' 75°40' 75°55' 76°10' 76°28' E 21°00'N

CHOPDA YAWAL RAVER 20°45'

AMALNER DHARANGAON MUKTAINAGAR JALGAON BHUSAWAL

0 ERANDOL BODVAD 2 PAROLA

JAMNER

BHADGAON PACHORA

2 N

CHALISGAON JALGAON DISTRICT

N 8 4 0 8 16 Km

0 ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCKS

Map No.1.1

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LOCATION OF JALGAON DISTRICT

68° E 72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° 96° E 72° E 74° 76° 78° 80°E

36° 36° N 22° 22° N M A D H Y A P R A D E S H NA ND UR BAR B T H A A MAHARASHTRA N GONDIA DHULE AMARAVATI NAGPUR D R A 32° 32° R IN INDIA J JALGAON A A N A U H D L WARDHA G U B AKOLA CHANDRAPUR

NASHIK GADCHIROLI BAD GA YAVTALMAL 28° 28° RAN 20° 20° AU JALNA HINGOLI THANE AHMADNAGAR PARBHANI 24° 24° MUMBAI SH E D BEED A NANDED R R P A I PUNE A

G O R A A

S H

D D

E A N

20° LATUR N

20 ° A

MAHARASHTRA S A

A 18°

18°

R SATARA

SOLAPUR A

I JALGAON

A A 16° B

16°

K DISTRICT IN

R A

SANGALI

T MAHARASHTRA R

KOLHAPUR N A S R IN 18° 12° D A H K U D Jalgaon District 0 500 Kms 16° N U 16° N R G 0 160 Km. 8° N 8° N

72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° E 72° E 74° 76° 78° 80° E

74°55' E 75°10' 75°25' 75°40' 75°55' 76°10' 76°28' E 21°00'N

CHOPDA YAWAL RAVER 20°45'

AMALNER DHARANGAON MUKTAINAGAR JALGAON BHUSAWAL

0 ERANDOL BODVAD 2 PAROLA

JAMNER

BHADGAON PACHORA

2 N

CHALISGAON JALGAON DISTRICT

N 8 4 0 8 16 Km

0 ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCKS

Map No.1.1

4. Discussion whole is only 919 females per thousand males. Jalgaon, The sex ratio varied widely between various religious Chalisgaon and Jamner tehsil of the district have this sex communities. Different religious groups follow varied ratio less than 910 females per thousand males. The northern cultural practices giving less or more importance to females. part of the district comprising Chopda, Yawal and Raver Literacy and migration among females also depend upon tehsils, Bhusawal, Muktainagar and Bodvad in the east and religious taboos to a large extent. Dowry system is practiced Amalner and Bhadgaon tehsils in the west have recorded differently in different religions. All these factors are closely comparatively higher sex ratio i. e. more than 925 females related to sex ratio. In this part of the chapter an attempt has per thousand males while remaining tehsils located in the been made to discuss of sex ratio according to different southern and central parts of the district have recorded low religions in Jalgaon district. The tehsil-wise male and sex ratio of less than 925 females per thousand males. (Fig. female population according to different religions was not No. 1, A) available, therefore, decadal variation occurred in sex ratio The Muslim is the second largest religion in the district of different religions is not found out. which comprises 13.28 percent of the total population. The The majority of people in the district follow Hindu religion. sex ratio of Muslim population is far more than that of the Their proportion to total population is 81.93 percent in Hindus. It is found as 957 females per thousand males. The 2011. The sex ratio of Hindu population for the district as literacy rate is comparatively lower among the Muslims. It ~ 1242 ~ International Journal of Applied Research

is also noticeable that the females in this religion enjoy less Dharangaon tehsil. Raver, Muktainagar and Bodvad tehsils freedom as compared with Hindus. In spite of these taboos, located in the east, as well as Jalgaon and Bhadgaon tehsils sex ratio is higher. It is because of other socio-cultural have sex ratio of Muslims between 925 and 950 females per traditions followed by Muslims. The major cause may be no thousand males. Except these, the remaining tehsils have tradition of dowry system which exists among Hindus. reported sex ratio between 950 and 975 females per Amalner tehsil has recorded the highest sex ratio i. e. 987 thousand males. (Fig. No. 1, B) females per thousand males which is followed by

Table 1: Jalgaon District: Sex Ratio of Different Religions, 2011

SN Tehsils Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain 1. Chopda 932 974 1053 828 930 925 2. Yawal 939 951 920 875 978 818 3. Raver 931 946 958 875 961 778 4. Muktainagar 930 945 1000 543 929 962 5. Bodvad 928 940 875 800 931 898 6. Bhusawal 925 966 1034 977 973 924 7. Jalgaon 904 942 1063 885 971 939 8. Erandol 922 970 895 1000 945 929 9. Dharangaon 910 978 1183 880 967 1017 10. Amalner 933 987 879 956 968 925 11. Parola 912 952 787 560 907 962 12. Bhadgaon 926 939 979 1467 984 919 13. Chalisgaon 904 961 930 950 932 958 14. Pachora 916 963 993 938 935 906 15. Jamner 908 965 912 839 918 944 District 919 957 1003 916 950 929 Source: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html.

The proportion of population belonging to Christian religion Jalgaon and Dharangaon tehsil, this ratio is more than 1000 to total population of the district is only 0.17 percent. The while in Bhadgaon and Pachora tehsils it is between 975 and sex ratio of this community is in favour of females. It is 1000 females per thousand males. This sex ratio is less than 1003 females per thousand males. It is due to socio-cultural 925 females per thousand males in Amalner, Parola, customs and relatively free environment provided to females Erandol, Yawal, Bodvad and Jamner tehsils. (Fig. No. 1, C) in this community. In Chopda, Muktainagar, Bhusawal,

JALGAON DISTRICT : SEX RATIO OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS , 2011

(A) HINDU

(B) MUSLIM

INDEX (Females per 1000 males)

< 925 925 - 950

950 - 975 N 975 - 1000

10 5 0 10 20 Km >1000

Fig 2 ~ 1243 ~ International Journal of Applied Research

The proportion of population following Sikh religion to total Chopda, Muktainagar, Bodvad, Erandol, Pachora and population is very less in the district i. e. only 0.07 percent. Chalisgaon tehsils have sex ratio between 925 and 950 Among all the major religions in the district, the lowest sex females per thousand males. Parola and Jamner tehsils have ratio is found in population of Sikh religion. It is only 916 low sex ratio i.e. less than 625 females per thousand males. females per thousand males. Sikh community is mainly (Fig. No. 3, B) male dominated which has resulted in low sex ratio. In Though the proportion of population following Jainism is Bhadgaon tehsil, this sex ratio is as high as 1467 females per very low but their existence is noticed in socio-economic thousand males. It is followed by Erandol, Bhusawal and life of the study region. This community is mainly engaged Amalner. This ratio is very low in Muktainagar and Parola. in trade and commerce activities. Though this community is (Fig. No. 3, A) socio-economically developed, the sex ratio is as low as 929 According to the 2011 Census, the proportion of population females per thousand males. The highest sex ratio of Jain of Buddhist religion to total population is 3.41 percent. The population is found in Dharangaon tehsil. It is followed by sex ratio of Buddhist population is also higher than that of Muktainagar, Parola and Chalisgaon tehsil. The sex ratio is the Hindus. It is 950 females per thousand males. Bhadgaon between 925 and 950 females per thousand males in tehsil has the highest sex ratio which is followed by Yawal Chopda, Erandol, Amalner, Jalgaon and Jamner tehsils. tehsil. The sex ratio of Buddhist population was between Yawal, Raver, Bhusawal, Bodvad, Bhadgaon and Pachora 950 and 975 females per thousand males in Raver, tehsils have sex ratio less than 925 females per thousand Bhusawal, Jalgaon, Dharangaon and Amalner tehsils. males. (Fig. No. 3, C)

JALGAON DISTRICT : SEX RATIO OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS , 2011

(A) SIKH

(B) BUDDHIST

INDEX (Females per 1000 males)

< 925 925 - 950

950 - 975 N 975 - 1000

10 5 0 10 20 Km >1000

Fig 3

5. Conclusions freedom as compared with Hindus. In spite of these taboos, The sex ratio of Hindu population is only 919 females per sex ratio is higher. It is because of other socio-cultural thousand males, while for Muslims, it is 957. The literacy traditions followed by Muslims. The major cause may be no rate is comparatively lower among the Muslims. It is also tradition of dowry system which exists among Hindus. The noticeable that the females in this religion enjoy less sex ratio of Christians is in favour of females. It is due to ~ 1244 ~ International Journal of Applied Research

socio-cultural customs and relatively free environment provided to females in this community. The lowest sex ratio is found in population of Sikh religion. Sikh community is mainly male dominated which has resulted in low sex ratio. The sex ratio of Buddhist population is also higher than that of the Hindus. Though the proportion of population following Jainism is very low but their existence is noticed in socio-economic life of the study region. This community is mainly engaged in trade and commerce activities. Though this community is socio-economically developed, the sex ratio is as low as 929 females per thousand males.

5. References 1. Chandana RC. Geography of Population: Concepts, Determinants and Patterns, Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, 2011, 271. 2. Clarke John I. “Population Geography”, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1972 3. Gosal GS. The Regionalism in Sex Composition of India’s Population, Rural Sociology, 1961, 26. 4. Mehta S. India’s Rural Female Working Force and its Occupational Structure : A Geographical analysis, The Indian Geographer, 1967; 12:1-2, 5. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html.

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