The Anglican Church and the Vanuatu Independence Movement: Solidarity and Ambiguity
THE ANGLICAN CHURCH AND THE VANUATU INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT: SOLIDARITY AND AMBIGUITY Terry M. Brown Anglican Church of Melanesia Introduction The involvement of the three major New Hebrides churches (the Presbyterian Church of the New Hebrides, the [Anglican] Diocese of Melanesia and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Port Vila) in the New Hebrides independence movement (1970-80), through their leaders and members (and to a lesser extent as institutions), which resulted in the independence of the Republic of Vanuatu on 30 July 1980 is well known but apparently not systematically documented. The Secretary General of the Vanua'aku Pati and, of course, first prime minister of the Republic of Vanuatu was Fr. Walter Lini, an Anglican priest (not a "onetime Anglican priest" as some have described him1, as he continued to be licensed to function as a priest by the bishop while engaged fulltime in politics) whose formation in Anglican schools and theological colleges in the New Hebrides, Solomon Islands and New Zealand greatly shaped his thinking. Other prominent Anglicans in the independence movement included Fr. John Bennett Bani (later president of Vanuatu), Grace Mera-Molisa, Aiden Garae, George Worek and Hanson Lini, most trained by the church in New Zealand. Likewise, the Presbyterian Church of the New Hebrides (PCNH), always a stronger institutional supporter of independence than the Anglicans, produced key leaders in the independence movement, such as George Sokomanu (first president of the Republic of Vanuatu) Fred Timakata (a PCNH pastor and later president of Vanuatu), George Kalsakau (first chief minister before independence), Sethy Regenvanu (another PCNH pastor), Donald Kalpokas (twice Prime Minister), Barak Sope (PCNH pastor and prime minister) and Kalkot Matas Kelekele (Vanua'ku Pati secretary and until recently, president of Vanuatu).
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