Cover_Layout 1 11/8/10 10:10 AM Page 1 FIT FOR FLYING FIT F O R FLYING Educational Programs Directorate Drug Demand Reduction Program Civil Air Patrol National Headquarters 105 South Hansell Street Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala. 36112 Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page i PROVIDED BY CIVIL AIR PATROL NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS DIRECTORATE Jim Mallett, Director CHIEF, DRUG DEMAND REDUCTION PROGRAM Michael Simpkins AUTHOR Ben Millspaugh, CSMEL MEDICAL ADVISORY TEAM Robert Sancetta, MD, Scott Hompland, DO, Jeff Cain, MD AVIATION PROFESSIONAL ADVISORY TEAM John Desmarais, Interim Director, Missions, CAP NHQ, Cory Von Pinnon, AvantAir, Capt., Rick Vigil, Netjets, Lt Col Ron Gendron, USAF, Maj Tom Janisko, MD WG, FO Adam Wright, Atlantic Southeast Airlines EDITORIAL ADVISORY TEAM Lt Col Jett Mayhew, CAP National DDR Team Leader, Col Sharon Taylor, Commander, Nat CC Reserve Unit, Gretchen Clayson, NHQ DDR Administrator, Susan Mallett, CAP NHQ, Maj. Charles Sellers, CO WG, Cadets Dan Eckard, Caitie Graham, Travis Graham, Michael Kay, Steven Mulligan and Hannah Schuele LAYOUT & DESIGN Barb Pribulick PHOTOGRAPHY Avantair, John Parker, Sam Wang, Fred Seggi, Ken Graham, Adam Wright, Alex McMahon PUBLIC DOMAIN IMAGES & TEXT Federal Aviation Administration: Laura Shepherd Madsen, Carla Housten 2010 PRINTING Davis Direct Montgomery, AL Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page iii FIT FOR FLYING Educational Programs Directorate Drug Demand Reduction (DDR) Program Civil Air Patrol National Headquarters 105 South Hansell Street Maxwell Air Force Base, AL 36112 The DDR Message Throughout this book, the reader will see many references to drugs, alcohol, and physical fitness as they relate to becoming and remaining a pilot. These passages will be highlighted in yel- low to raise the awareness of how the aviation industry has a zero tolerance for drugs and substance abuse. Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page iv iv | FIT FOR FLYING National Academic Standard Alignment National Science Standards: (National Research Council – (http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=4962) : Content Standard B: Physical Science • Motions and forces Content Standard C: Life Science • Diversity and adaptations of organisms Content Standard E: Science and Technology • Abilities of technological design • Understandings about science and technology Content Standard F: Science in Personal and Social Perspectives • Personal health • Natural hazards • Risks and benefits • Science and technology in society Content Standard G: History and Nature of Science • Science as a human endeavor • History of science Unifying Concepts and Processes • Form and function National Physical Education Standards: (National Association for Sport and Physical Education – (http://www.aahperd.org/naspe/standards/nationalStandards/PEstandards.cfm) Standard 5: Exhibits responsible personal and social behavior that respects self and others in physi- cal activity settings. Standard 6: Values physical activity for health, enjoyment, challenge, self-expression, and/or social in- teraction. National Character Education Standards: (Character Education Partnership – (http://www.character.org/qualitystandards) Principle #1: Effective character education promotes core ethical values as well as supportive per- formance values as the foundation of good character. Principle #2: Effective character education defines “character” comprehensively to include thinking, feeling, and behavior. Principle #3: Effective character education uses a comprehensive, intentional, and proactive ap- proach to character development. Principle #5: Effective character education provides students with opportunities for moral action. Principle #6: Effective character education includes a meaningful and challenging academic curricu- lum that respects all learners, develops their character, and helps them succeed. Principle #7: Effective character education strives to develop studentsʼ self-motivation. Principle #8: Effective character education engages the school staff as a learning and moral commu- nity that shares responsibility for character education and attempts to adhere to the same core values that guide the education of students. Principle #9: Effective character education fosters leadership and long-range support of the character education initiative. National Health Education Standards: (American Cancer Society – (http://www.cancer.org/Healthy/MoreWaysACS HelpsYouStayWell/SchoolHealth/national-health-edu- cation-standards-2007?sitearea=PED) Standard 4: Students will demonstrate the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to en- hance health and avoid or reduce health risks. Standard 5: Students will demonstrate the ability to use decision-making skills to enhance health. Standard 6: Students will demonstrate the ability to use goal-setting skills to enhance health. Standard 7: Students will demonstrate the ability to practice health-enhancing behaviors and avoid or reduce health risks. Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page v INTRODUCTION | v National Career Development Guidelines: (National Occupational Information Coordinating Com- mittee commissioned by the US Department of Educationʼs Office of Vocational and Adult Education - http://www.hollandcodes.com/national_career_development_guidelines.html) Domains affected by this publication are: Personal Social Development Domain • Develop understanding of yourself to build and maintain a positive self-concept • Develop positive interpersonal skills including respect for diversity • Integrate personal growth and change into your career development Educational Achievement and Lifelong Learning Domain • Attain educational achievement and performance levels needed to reach your personal and career goals • Participate in ongoing, lifelong learning experiences to enhance your ability to function effec- tively in a diverse and changing economy Career Management Domain • Use a process of decision-making as one component of career development • Use accurate, current, and unbiased career information during career planning and manage- ment Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 12:51 PM Page vi vi | FIT FOR FLYING Introduction FIT FOR FLYING has been written as a cooperative effort between the Civil Air Patrol Drug Demand Reduction Program, a component of Cadet Programs, and the Aerospace Education and Missions Divisions. This book provides young people, as well as, entry-level and experienced pilots, with information concerning the primary importance of FAA medical certification to be fit for flying. Throughout the aviation com- munity, it is a well-known fact that the medical certificate is equal to a pilot’s license, now also called a certificate. Without medical certification, a pilot simply cannot legally fly. The actual in-flight operation of an aircraft requires high performance flying skills or “airmanship.” The first unit of FIT FOR FLYING, is called “Human Airworthiness.” This entire publication details how to maintain all airworthiness skills with good health and a dedication to a clean, drug- free lifestyle. The reader is also made aware of other issues that have the potential of compromising human performance. These include altitude problems within the flight environment, over-the-counter drugs, and im- proper diet, just to mention a few. In the first DDR publication, LET’S GO FLYING, there was a fasci- nating and informative “behind-the-scenes” overview of commercial, general, and military aviation. There was also a clear message about the aviation world’s zero tolerance toward drug and alcohol abuse. Profes- sional pilots from business, commercial, and military aviation were inter- viewed. Their personal accounts gave the reader a comprehensive look at the importance of developing and maintaining a body that needs to be “airworthy” throughout the entire career of a pilot. In essence, the LET’S GO FLYING book prepared the younger aviation enthusiast, who had a fascination for flight, for the reality of what it takes to become an aviation professional. Special recognition must be given to thousands of CAP pilots and ob- servers who put their lives on the line every time they volunteer to partic- ipate in a mission for the Emergency Services program. There are two individuals who made major contributions to this publication and de- serve a very special recognition. The first is given to CAP Col Sharon Taylor for her tireless effort to promote a healthy lifestyle and laying the foundation for programs such as “health walks” at CAP functions. Sec- ondly, a special recognition goes to Dr. Robert Sancetta, M.D., who made it possible for thousands of pilots to overcome “the impossible,” and return to active flight status. He is truly one of America’s finest Avia- tion Medical Examiners. This book is dedicated to both of these out- standing professionals. Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page vii INTRODUCTION | vii Contents Part One — The Airworthy Human . 1 Part Two — The Flying Environment . 35 Part Three — Aerophysiology . 55 Part Four — Not Fit to Fly . 91 Part Five — Fitness as a Lifestyle . 111 Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page 1 PART ONE — The Airworthy Human — Fit for Flying Chapter 1 Corrections_Layout 1 11/9/10 7:38 AM Page 2 2 | FIT FOR FLYING 1.1 Captain Cory Von Pinnon has maintained a lifestyle of physical fitness, constant study and a dedication