IPTV DISTRIBUTIONWHITE IN HOME PAPER NETWORKS

IPTV

Distribution in Home Networks

This paper discusses home networks as they move to ever-greater sophistication and the technology that makes it possible.

To make IPTV, and other Internet services, available throughout the home,

a technology must be set in place that is easy to use, simple to install, low- cost, offers high capacity and does not require the installation of a network infrastructure.

Such technology does exist and it offers high capacity for HD and SD video distribution, while carrying other Internet services, is easy to install and requires no new wires. It is Intellon’s hybrid powerline/coax network solution

that instantly converts existing power lines and coaxial cable installations into high-speed virtual networks.

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1. Introduction

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a rapidly maturing technology for the delivery of broadcast TV and other media-rich services over a secure, end-to-end operator managed IP data network. IPTV broadly encompasses a rich functionality that ranges from the acquisition, encoding and decoding, access control and management of video content, to the delivery of digital TV, movies on demand, viewing of stored programming, personalized program guides, and a host of interactive and multimedia services.

IPTV is distinctly different from “Internet Video” that simply allows users to watch videos, like movie previews and web-cams, over the Internet in a “best effort” fashion with no end-to-end service management and quality of service considerations.

IPTV technology, integrated with the higher speed (DSL) access technologies (ADSL2, ADSL2+ and VDSL), offers attractive revenue-generating opportunities for the telecom service providers, enabling them to compete effectively in the “triple play” market space with the delivery of voice, data and video services to residential and business customers.

This paper provides an overview of the IPTV system architecture and identifies some near-term applications that may be supported by the telecom service providers. In addition, the paper addresses generic requirements for customer home networks to support the IPTV applications and highlights the HomePlug® Powerline Alliance’s standards-based solution, which is currently available from Intellon® Corporation.

2. IPTV System Overview

Figure 1 illustrates a generic IPTV system architecture to support applications such as digital (broadcast) television and Video on Demand (VoD). This architecture is based on the comprehensive architecture and services model specified in ITU Recommendation H.610 and on the IPTV platform offered by industry leaders such as Microsoft® Corporation. The generic IPTV architecture is utilized in this paper as a baseline reference to discuss IPTV distribution in-home networks.

CONTENT IPTV SOURCES SERVICE CUSTOMER NODES PREMISE WIDE-AREA EQUIPMENT & VoD DISTRIBUTION PLC- ENABLED Source & NETWORKS HOME VoD Encoders NETWORKING Server Core and Customer Access IPTV Access (ADSL2, ADSL2+, VDSL) USERS Broadcast Networks IPTV Host & Source & Broadcast PLC Clients Encoders Server

SERVICE MANAGEMENT & OPERATIONS

Figure 1: IPTV System Architecture

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The major functional components of the IPTV architecture are:

Content Sources - ‘Content Sources’ represents a functionality that receives video content from producers, and other sources, encodes the content and, for VoD, stores content in an acquisition database.

Service Nodes - The ‘Service Nodes’ represents a functionality that receives video streams in various formats, then reformats and encapsulates them for transmission with appropriate Quality of Service (QoS) indications to the wide-area network for delivery to customers. Service Nodes communicate with the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) for service management and with the IPTV service for the subscriber, session and digital rights management. Service Nodes may be centralized or distributed in a metro area (e.g. at the Central Offices).

Wide Area Distribution Networks – This provides the distribution capability, capacity, quality of service and other capabilities, such as multicast, necessary for the reliable and timely distribution of IPTV data streams from the Service Nodes to the Customer Premises. The Core and Access Networks include the optical distribution backbone network and the various Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs) located at the central office or remote distribution points.

Customer Access Links - Customer delivery of IPTV is provided over the existing loop plant and the phone lines to homes using the higher-speed DSL technologies such as ADSL2+ and VDSL. The distance limitations and bandwidths attainable for these DSL technologies are summarized in Table 1. Service providers may use a combination of Fiber-to-the Curb (FTTC) and DSL technologies or implement direct Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) access depending on the richness of their IPTV service offerings.

Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) - In the IPTV context, the CPE device located at the customer premise provides the broadband network termination (B-NT) functionality at a minimum, and may include other integrated functions such as routing gateway, set-top box and home networking capabilities.

IPTV Client - The IPTV Client is the functional unit, which terminates the IPTV traffic at the customer premises. This is a device, such as a set-top box, that performs the functional processing, which includes setting up the connection and QoS with the Service Node, decoding the video streams, channel change functionality, user display control, and connections to user appliances such as a standard-definition TV or HDTV monitors.

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Table 1: Summary of Some Key IPTV Technologies and Standards

Access Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) & Very-High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line Technologies (VDSL) Access technologies which are capable of delivering higher Broadband data rates to the customer premises using the existing phone lines. ADSL ADSL2 ADSL2+ VDSL Downstream Data Rate Up to 8 Mbps Up to 12 Mbps Up to 24 Mbps Up to 52 Mbps (Central Office (CO) to Customer) Upstream Data Rate Up to 640 Kbps Up to 1 Mbps Up to 2 Mbps Up to 6 Mbps (Customer to CO) Distance Up to 18,000 ft Up to 12,000 ft Up to 9000 ft Up to 1,000 ft (CO to CPE) Standards (ITU) G 992.1, G 992.2 G 992.3, G.994 G 992.5 H.610 – H.619

Architectures ITU Recommendation H.610: Full Service VDSL – System Architecture and Customer Premises Equipment Defines a standard high-level architecture for the delivery of video, data and voice services (“triple play”) over a VDSL access network. The various service interfaces, connection and management message flows for the video and other services are specified. The architecture is applicable to other broadband networks used for IPTV services.

TR-058: DSL Forum Technical Report – Multi-Service Architecture and Framework Requirements Presents a multi-service DSL architecture, discusses evolution from currently deployed DSL architectures and support for new service features such as IP-QoS and Bandwidth on demand.

TR-094: DSL Forum Technical Report – Multi-Service Delivery Framework for Home Networks Defines a Home Networking Architecture and functionality required to deliver multi-service applications to residential customers within a common Telco framework

Codecs MPEG-1 offers a video quality (e.g. VHS-quality) with typical bandwidth requirements of 1.5 Mbps, MPEG-2 offers a higher (e.g. DVD) quality with typical bandwidth requirements of 2 to 6 Mbps and High Definition TV quality at bandwidth requirements of around 20 Mbps or higher. MPEG-4 allows video quality and bandwidth requirements to be scaled and can offer DVD and HD quality streams at lower bandwidth.

Next generation codecs such as, MPEG-4 Part 10 (H.264/AVC) and VC1 can realize lower HD bit rates (under 10Mbps).

Multicast IP Multicast Standards (IGMP V1, IGMPv2) and IGMP Snooping Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) messages such as join and leave messages may be utilized in the to manage IPTV Clients that are active in a multicast group.

Quality of Quality of Service Standards (IEEE 802.1p QoS, IEEE 802.1q VLAN, CEA2007 VLAN Mapping) Service Refers to the nature of the service with respect to certain parameters such as, bandwidth required, (QoS) packet delay, jitter, and loss rates. The ATM, Ethernet and IP protocols used to transport IPTV packets over the wide-area network specify mechanisms for achieving the desired quality of service levels.

TR-094 specifies QoS requirements for home networks for IPTV packets with support of IEEE 802.1q (VLAN) and IEEE 802.1d Annex H.2 (User Priorities and Traffic Class) standards.

Network TR-069: DSL Forum Technical Report – CPE WAN Management Protocol. Management Specifies capabilities for remote management of CPEs, including auto-configuration, performance monitoring, diagnostics and other management functions within a common Telco framework.

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3. IPTV Home Applications and Services

Some key applications for initial IPTV deployment are the delivery of digital broadcast television and user- selected Video on Demand (VoD). These applications enable service providers to begin offering the “triple play” – video, voice and data. Additional video applications, which can be enabled after the IPTV infrastructure is in place, are also mentioned below.

Some key applications and services enabled by IPTV are discussed below and illustrated in Figure 2.

Digital Broadcast TV - Conventional digital television has been delivered to subscribers via an upgraded cable TV plant or satellite systems. The advent of higher-speed DSL technology such as ADSL2, ADSL2+ and VDSL, enables IPTV as a compelling and competitive alternative. IPTV is currently in testing, or planning, stages with a number of telecom service providers in North America, Europe and Asia (see listing below).

IPTV has the potential to offer services that go beyond what traditional broadcast, cable, and satellite TV providers have offered to subscribers in the past. IPTV enables more content variety with a larger number of channels. This makes possible the availability of very diverse content to serve the interests of mass markets, specialized groups and demographic communities. Unlike conventional broadcast, cable and satellite TV, where all channels are simultaneously delivered (i.e. broadcast) to the subscriber home, IPTV only delivers those channels which are being viewed by the subscriber and has a potential to offer practically an ‘unlimited’ number of channels. Combined with a two-way interactive capability, which is inherent in IPTV because of its association with IP, consumers will be able to control what they want to watch and when. With a robust internal network, subscribers will have the ability to extend the experience throughout the home or business.

Leading Telcos in North America, Major Vendors currently offering Europe and Asia testing or planning IPTV Products

IPTV Services: • Microsoft • SBC • Thomson/RCA • Bell Canada • Motorola • Bell South • 2-Wire • Verizon • Scientific Atlanta • France Telecom • Siemens • HomeChoice • Telefonica • Telecom Italia • PCCW

Video on Demand (VoD) – The video-on-demand application provides individual subscribers the ability to select a video content and view it at their convenience. This enables the service provider to offer additional revenue-generating services, such as:

• Movies on demand, which the user would select from a movie library available at the Service Node • Stored programming content, such as sports events, television shows and newscasts, which can be viewed at a later time.

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Unlike traditional cable/satellite pay-per-view services where a limited number of movies are broadcast and on fixed time-slots, IPTV/VoD service would give users more choices and the flexibility to watch movies anytime at their convenience.

Other compelling IPTV applications and potential revenue-generating services, which can be enabled once the initial IPTV infra-structure is in place, are:

• Video telephony and Video conferencing • Remote Education, and • Home Security/Monitoring Cameras

Figure 2: IPTV infrastructure and powerline communications technology bring digital TV, VoD, , media serving and many other

services together for easy access throughout the home.

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4. IPTV Home Distribution Scenarios

U-R2 T-CN R U-R

IPTV Client Functional Appliance Processing & xDSL Decoding POTS Termination Customer Splitter xDSL Processing/ Premise Access IPTV Client Distribution (Home Network) IPTV Client Functional Appliance Processing & Decoding

POTS Figure 3: Generic IPTV Distribution Model for Customer Premises, showing various interfaces per ITU Full Service VDSL Model

Figure 3 shows a generic architecture for IPTV home network. The analog Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) signal is removed from the xDSL signal at the POTS splitter to preserve the existing telephone service on the home phone lines. The xDSL Termination processing includes the xDSL and may include additional integrated functions such as a routing gateway to support the broadband Internet service.

The following illustrates possible home network connectivity scenarios use IPTV service:

No IPTV Traffic on Home Network – As shown in Figure 4, the set-top box functionality and the associated IPTV Client, is integrated, or co-located, into the same box as the xDSL Termination Processing unit (xDSL modem). Customer-side interfaces on this unit can be , Ethernet port for Internet service, VOIP-based analog voice port, and the connections to standard TV. In this scenario, IPTV traffic does not traverse the home network.

POTS Integrated Routing Home Splitter xDSL Modem, Gateway Network Set Top Box xDSL Access Line

Analog POTS Standard or High PC Phone Definition TV Figure 4: Example Distribution at Customer Premise, showing integrated xDSL Termination Processing (xDSL modem) and Set Top Box (IPTV Client)

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IPTV-enabled Home Network – As shown in Figure 5a and 5b, the xDSL modem and the set top box functionality are not integrated as one box. In such cases, the IPTV video streams are delivered from the xDSL modem to the set-top box, or TV monitor with an embedded IPTV client, over the home network.

Set Top Standard or High Box Definition TV

POTS xDSL Routing Home Splitter Modem Gateway Network Set Top Standard or High Box Definition TV

TV with embedded IPTV Client Analog POTS PC Phone

Figure 5a: Example Home Network Using Distributed Set-

top Boxes and/or IPTV Client-enables Appliances

Set-top Box Ethernet

Access Modem

Routing Gateway

Ethernet

Powerline Network Intellon PLC Network Adapter (One of possibly many)

Figure 5b: Pictoral of the Powerline Network Used for IPTV Distribution – Ethernet-enabled set-top boxes and Ethernet/PLC bridges make this possible.

Digital Media Server/PVR Added - Figure 6 shows an example of a digital media server functionality, an emerging class of home entertainment devices with built-in storage, similar to; TiVo™, Personal Video Recorders (PVRs) and PCs with large storage for multimedia content. This functionality may be standalone or integrated into a set-top box.. Home network bandwidth requirements increase when a “shared” PVR is used – for example, when a user is recording one channel while watching another, the video stream being recorded first goes from the GW to the user’s STB and then to the STB with the “shared” PVR, resulting in two instances of the same stream on the home network.

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Set Top Standard or High Box Definition TV

xDSL Home POTS Routing Set Top Standard or High Splitter Modem Network Gateway Box Definition TV

Digital Media Server/ PVR Analog POTS PC Phone

Figure 6: Example Distribution at Customer Premises showing a local Digital Media Server/ Shared PVR

5. IPTV Home Distribution Technologies

Once the IPTV pipe (i.e. xDSL modem) is installed in the customer’s home, the service provider has to consider how best to link the devices in the home to this broadband connection. Various home networking technologies which utilize existing wiring – power lines, phone lines, coax cables - and wireless technologies are available alternatives for IPTV distribution. The technologies and applicable standards are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2: Home Network Mediums and Related Standards

Medium Standard Ethernet/Cat-5 IEEE 802.3 Powerline HomePlug Powerline Alliance (HomePlug®) Phoneline Home Phoneline Network Alliance (HomePNA®) -Multimedia over Cable Alliance (MoCA®) -HPNA over Coax (HPNA3) Coax Cable -Coaxsys' TVnet Wireless WiFi/IEEE 802.11x UltraWideBand (UWB)

Ethernet Cat-5 wiring is commonly used in business and corporate environments, where a central hub or switch is wired to individual offices with physical bit rates up to 100 Mbps to each room. This solution is impractical for most residential customers due to its cost and issues with installing new wiring in the home.

Other Wired and Wireless Alternative Considerations - When considering the alternatives, some key considerations for selecting the home distribution mechanism to support near-term IPTV services include:

Capacity/Bandwidth – As mentioned earlier, the higher-speed xDSL technologies such as ADSL2+ and VDSL can support downstream bandwidth in excess of 24 Mbps into subscriber homes, although the actual bandwidth available to the IPTV video stream is lower because of the overheads introduced by protocols like IP, UDP/TCP, LLC and ATM.

Depending on the video codec and parameters used, an IPTV service provider can deliver the following streams to a typical household: • Up to 3 to 5 standard broadcast quality TV (SDTV) streams • An additional high definition TV (HDTV) stream

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The home network bandwidth needs to be wide enough to simultaneously handle the peak IPTV traffic and other traffic including broadband Internet and any locally generated traffic (e.g. from a media server). In order to support the initial IPTV services, it is estimated that home network bandwidth in excess of 30 Mbps is desirable.

Because the home network physical wiring and cabling is customer-owned, and the service provider has no control on its usage, the home networking technologies used must allow the service-provider to request a certain quality of service from the home network. The QoS can be continuously monitored by the CPE and action taken if this specified quality of service is not delivered based on a policy violation, such as scaling or disconnecting one of the IPTV streams and indicating this to the user.

Multicast - The IP multicast feature may be utilized by the service providers to conserve bandwidths in their core and access networks. In the context of the home network, when more than one user is viewing the same channel, the service provider may only deliver a single video stream and the home network technology must be capable of distributing this to the multiple users on the home network. (Table-1 identifies the multicast standards that are applicable for home networks.)

Ease of installation – This is an important consideration as most home subscribers are not ‘tech- savvy’ and service providers may desire to eliminate or minimize service calls to the customer premises. Refer to the scenario shown in Figure 6, where the xDSL modem/routing gateway is installed at one location and the set-top box/IP client is installed on the network at different locations throughout the home. In this scenario, the installer would have to test to see if the existing home network meets the quality of service requirements for IPTV service. Otherwise, a new home network and its associated wiring/cabling may need to be installed prior to the IPTV service installation. Obviously, to expedite the installation process, it is most desirable not to have to install new wiring/cabling and to use the existing physical infrastructure in the home.

As IPTV matures, equipment vendors will provide higher levels of integration by combining more functionality into single easy-to-install boxes. For examples, the xDSL modem and routing functionality shown by dotted lines in Figure 5, or the set-top box and digital media server shown in Figure 6 or an IPTV Client embedded into a digital television, would eventually allow simple ‘plug-and-play’ self- installs. Similarly, the home networking technology used must allow home users to self-install the network. The service providers may offer remote network management and diagnostics/support functions in their customer premises equipment, which may interface with the home network technology to provide a more comprehensive IPTV customer-care. (Some applicable network management standards for home networks are listed in Table 1.)

Privacy and Security - The home network must be a closed, secure network in which access is limited to users and devices within the home. This is more important for home networks that use wireless technologies or shared media technologies such as powerlines, especially in a multi-dweliing unit (MDU) environment. Privacy implies that the user data on the home network is protected and cannot be intercepted or viewed by unauthorized users.

Service Quality – The wide area networks used by the service providers have mechanisms that control the service quality. Such Quality-of-Service (QoS) mechanisms are built into ATM, Ethernet and IP technologies. Many home networks thus far have not implemented any QoS mechanisms such as those available in HomePlug® because it was sufficient to provide the home connectivity on a ‘best- effort’ basis.

With the emergence of IPTV, there is a greater need for home networks to offer robust transmission capabilities, like strong error control and error recovery mechanisms that recover quickly from line transmission errors, which are introduced in the home environment, without any special end-to-end

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retransmissions and involvement from the IPTV service node. Moreover, IP packets belonging to an IPTV video stream could be delayed behind other data on the home network – data such as a streaming audio file, Internet radio, or video or other content from a Web-page being viewed by a home user. Such delays (latency) introduce jitter and impact the viewing experience of the subscribers. Delay is also an important consideration in the reverse direction, where the IPTV channel-change requests need to be delivered to the Service Node in a timely fashion. (Some QoS mechanisms available for home networks are listed in Table 1.)

Home Coverage/Expandability – IPTV technology enables service providers to offer more content and channels with more viewing choices for the users. With declining prices on TVs and flat panel displays, it is conceivable that users may wish to install additional TVs/displays at many additional locations in the home – bedrooms, recreation/living room, kitchen, office/den, basement etc. This allows users to conveniently watch digital television and movies on demand in any room or area of the house. It is important that the home network be easily expandable and scalable to reach all areas of the house.

6. AC Power Lines - A Powerful Backbone for Home Networks

Installing a home network, that can offer broadband Internet sharing, scales well to high-quality audio/video content distribution, and serves other applications (e.g. mobility), requires a ‘backbone’ concept to be introduced into home networking. This concept allows the service provider to consider a hybrid-network solution to serve the varied applications. A hybrid network which utilizes home power lines with coax cables provides the ubiquitous reach in the home with AC outlets everywhere and over the existing coax jacks, seamlessly delivering the high bandwidths and QoS needed for IPTV. Mobility applications such as an IPTV client laptop or other device, may require optimizing the wireless coverage by utilizing the backbone power line and wireless solutions in tandem. Table 3 compares the various technologies that may comprise the hybrid network.

Home power lines are the most readily available physical media for whole-house distribution. The average number of power sockets found in a typical home (U.S.) is over 40. These sockets are readily available in all areas of the home and do not require new wiring or installation of sockets or splitters. For IPTV service providers, Powerline Communications (PLC) represents a compelling “backbone” solution that can enable whole-house distribution of IPTV services.

Figure 7 illustrates a set-top box concept that includes PLC, coax and Ethernet network interfaces. The embedded PLC/Coax/Ethernet client makes this set-top box a plug-and-play network device, delivering audio and various video formats to the display and sound equipment.

Table 3: Technologies that May Comprise the Home Hybrid Network

Powerline Phoneline Coax Wireless (HomePlug®) (HomePNA ®) Technologies (802.11x) Customer Installable? Yes Yes Not Always Not Always Whole House Coverage? Yes Not Always Not Always Not Always Enables Mobility? Available No No Yes Cost Effective? Yes Yes Yes Yes Reliable? Yes Yes Yes Not Always Number of Outlets (typ) 40 3 3 N/A 14 1 11 Bandwidths (Mbps) 85 (Intellon’s Turbo) 10 54 200 128 270 108

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Network Coax

Ethernet

Powerline Network

Figure 7: Hybrid PLC/Cable/Ethernet Set-Top Box Concept

PLC has evolved over several decades. Only recent advances in technology have enabled the use of highly sophisticated techniques to detect and adapt to the changing noise environments on the power line. This and advanced modulation and error correction mechanisms enable physical data rates up to 200 Mbps (HomePlug AV) to be realized on home powerline networks.

The HomePlug Powerline Alliance, comprised of over 50 member companies, has standardized PLC. The HomePlug® 1.0 specification, with a PHY rate up to 14 Mbps, was approved in 2001 and has since been implemented by a number of equipment manufacturers offering an array of compatible home networking products. Intellon’s HomePlug 1.0 with Turbo and HomePlug AV-compliant powerline solutions take home networks to new levels of performance and capability.

Intellon's INT5500CS High-Speed Powerline Chipset, currently available, is fully backward compatible with the HomePlug® 1.0 specification and is enhanced with Intellon’s Turbo technology to deliver up to an 85 Mbps PHY data rate over the home power lines. It offers the higher bandwidth and performance necessary to drive IPTV services and next-generation home entertainment applications, including standard-definition digital video recorder networking and media center PCs. Other applications enabled include whole-house audio distribution, and extension and bridging of higher-speed wireless technologies such as Wi- Fi and UWB.

Intellon’s HomePlug AV-compliant INT6000 High-speed MAC/PHY IC takes the home network up to 200 Mbps (PHY rate) to support the addition of high-definition IPTV and video distribution, in addition to all other network needs.

Table 4 compares the HomePlug technologies, capabilities and product development support offered by Intellon Corporation.

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Table 4: Comparing Intellon HomePlug Technology, Capabilities and Product Development Support

HomePlug 1.0 HomePlug 1.0 with Turbo HomePlug AV Data, SD video, audio and HD & SD video and data Home/SOHO data, audio and VoIP sharing – cable, xDSL networking – cable, xDSL, Applications VoIP networking and Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi bridging – IPTV Wi-Fi and UWB bridging – bridging and VoD HD, IPTV and VoD 1.6.1.1. PHY Rate 14 Mbps 85 Mbps 200 Mbps 1.6.1.2. MAC/PHY ICs INT51X1, INT5200 INT5500CS INT6000 MAC Throughput (max.) 8 Mbps 30 Mbps 120 Mbps MAC Type Hard Soft Soft Supports Firmware Update No Yes (customizable) Yes Concatenated Viterbi/Reed- Concatenated Viterbi/Reed- Forward Error Correction Turbo Codes Solomon Solomon Frequency Bandwidth 4-21 MHz 4-21 MHz 2-30 MHz Remote Notching Capability via Software No Half Yes Control MII, Ethernet, PCI, MBI, Host Interfaces MII, USB, Ethernet MII, Ethernet MPEG TS Channel Access (QoS) CSMA/CA (4 levels) CSMA/CA (4 levels) TDMA, CSMA/CA (8 levels) Max. Modulation DQPSK 256-QAM 1024-QAM Security 56 DES 56 DES 128 AES Compatibility HomePlug 1.0 HomePlug 1.0 HomePlug 1.0 Coexistent Reference Designs Reference Designs Reference Designs − RD5200-ETH Ethernet − RD5500-ETH Ethernet − RD6000-ETH Ethernet Wall Adapter Wall Adapter Adapter − RD5200-USB − RD6000-PLC Mini-PLC Software Development Kit Module Evaluation Kit − INT5500-SDK Development Support − EK5200 Software Development Kit Evaluation Kit − INT6000-SDK Production Test System − EK5500 − PTS5200 Production Test System Production Test System − PTS5500 − PTS6000

The IPTV/xDSL infrastructure delivers a wide range of digital content and services to the home while HomePlug standards-based powerline communications technology enables ubiquitous access throughout the home, unrestricted by jack locations and requiring no new wiring. Modular or embedded, HomePlug technology provides the robust home network backbone needed to support all services.

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www.intellon.com Founding Member

© 2006 Intellon Corporation. Intellon Corporation reserves the right to make changes to this document without notice. Intellon Corporation makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose. Intellon Corporation assumes no liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit. Intellon Corporation specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages.

Intellon and No New Wires are registered trademarks of Intellon Corporation. HomePlug is a registered trademark of the HomePlug Powerline Alliance. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

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