LINDA HALL LIBRARY HEDGEHOG NUMBER 59 • SPRING 2017 BringingBringing

ForensicClosureClosure Anthropologist is RQDPLVVLRQWRLGHQWLI\LPPLJUDQWV· remains and reunite them with families

BY JULIUS A. KARASH Special to the Linda Hall Library

I magine the fear, anxiety, and horror one feels when Baker, an associate professor of anthropology at Baylor, loved ones disappear and no one knows if they’re dead specializes in molecular and forensic analysis of skeletal or alive. It’s a dilemma faced by families around the remains. She is the founder and executive director of the world, including in the United States. Reuniting Families Project.

Helping such families is the life’s work of Lori Baker, A major focus of Baker’s mission is determining the identity a forensic anthropologist at Baylor University in Waco, of people who died as they attempted to migrate into the Texas. She feels their pain so deeply it sometimes consumes United States from Mexico and Central America, and uniting her. But that empathy drives her mission: to identify the the remains with their loved ones. remains of their relatives and give family members closure, no matter how tragic the circumstances. The task poses huge challenges. Baker and her teams have worked on at least 500 such cases since 2003 and have “If I had disappeared when I was a student and traveling succeeded in their quest about 20 percent of the time. through Central America, my family wouldn’t have known what to do,” Baker said. “I can easily imagine the desperation these families feel.”

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1 President’s Message Library News

“Detection is, or ought to be, an exact and should be treated in the Two New Vice same cold and unemotional manner. The only point in the case which Presidents Join deserved mention was the curious the LHL Staff analytical reasoning from effects to causes, by which I succeeded in unraveling it.” The Linda Hall Library recently welcomed two new vice presidents; one to manage - Sherlock Holmes to Dr. John Watson in The Sign of the Four fundraising and the other to oversee access and digital services.

After more than a century in print, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s On October 31, 2016, Amy Scrivner detective remains the best exemplar of both the profession joined the Library as the Vice President BOEPGDSJNFmDUJPO3FBEFSTIBWFCFFOESBXOUPEFUFDUJWF for Development. She comes to Kansas TUPSJFTUISPVHI)PMNFTQSPmDJFODZXJUIPCTFSWBUJPO MPHJD  City from Cincinnati where she managed and forensic science, which had been in use in criminal development and raised money for a investigations for more than 100 years.. number of social service and cultural non- QSPmUPSHBOJ[BUJPOT%VSJOHNPSFUIBO 4IFSMPDL)PMNFTmSTUBQQFBSBODFJOBTUPSZ A Study in Scarlet, years working in development, Amy has was in 1887, not long after Sir William Herschel had advocated executed annual fund and planned giving mOHFSQSJOUJOHUPJEFOUJGZDSJNJOBMTVTQFDUTJO BOE campaigns, in addition to being involved years after French and Italian physicians laid the foundations in organizations’ community relations of modern pathology. Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele campaigns and volunteer programs. devised a method to detect arsenic poisoning in corpses in  XIJMF#SJUJTIDIFNJTU+BNFT.BSTImSTUBQQMJFEUIJT Scrivner is no stranger to Kansas and method to forensics in 1832. Austrian jurist Han Gross published . She grew up in the Kansas City a )BOECPPLGPS$PSPOFST QPMJDFPGmDJBMT NJMJUBSZQPMJDFNFO in 1893 combining knowledge that had not been previously area and was looking for a chance to be integrated such as psychology and physical science and which closer to family. The Linda Hall Library could be used in criminal investigation. turned out to be a good opportunity.

Conan Doyle insisted that Holmes was inspired by his mentor, “I am thrilled to be back in Kansas City +PTFQI#FMM BTVSHFPOBUUIF3PZBM*OmSNBSZPG&EJOCVSHI BOE with family,” Scrivner said. “It’s an honor to by Police Surgeon Sir Henry Littlejohn. Both doctors provided come to work at a place with such a great Conan Doyle, himself a doctor, with a link between medicine reputation, and I love the idea of promoting BOEDSJNJOBMJOWFTUJHBUJPO(JWFOEFDBEFTPGTDJFOUJmDBEWBODFT the intellectual history of science, and Conan Doyle’s own experience, it is small wonder that , and technology.” 4IFSMPDL)PMNFTQFSTPOJmFEBOFXBHFPGMPHJDBMSFBTPOJOH based upon observable fact. Jane Davis started at the Library on February 6 as the Vice President for Opening on March 16, Connecting the Dots: The Science Access and Digital Services. Jane will of CSI, will explain the history of crime scene investigation oversee the Library’s departments of VTJOHTDJFOUJmDBMMZCBTFEUPPMTBOEUFDIOJRVFTJODMVEJOH technical services, digital initiatives, mOHFSQSJOUJOH mSFBSNTCBMMJTUJDT DIFNJTUSZ HFPMPHZ  preservation, and stacks maintenance. photography, and trace evidence. West Gallery visitors will have One of her priorities will be to improve the an opportunity to use their newly-acquired knowledge to solve a crime scene staged in the East Exhibition Gallery. Library’s ability to make more of its print holdings accessible and available digitally. Come join us and help solve the crime. As Sherlock Holmes famously announced, “the game is afoot!”

2 “LHL is really well known for its print materials, and I want to raise the level of our digital materials to that level,” she said. “We will take a look at our methods of delivering electronic resources to make them easier to use and more intuitive.”

Davis spent the past four years at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, managing digital library QSPKFDUTJODMVEJOHUIFPOHPJOHnPX of digital resources for the public and managing partnerships with a variety of organizations including government agencies and cultural heritage institutions. Prior to her work at the Federal Reserve, Davis was a cataloging team leader she at Middle Tennessee "NZ4DSJWOFS 7JDF1SFTJEFOU +BOF%BWJT 7JDF1SFTJEFOU State University for eight years. GPS%FWFMPQNFOU GPS"DDFTTBOE%JHJUBM4FSWJDFT

Vatican Observatory Director to Speak at the Library in March

In collaboration with Rockhurst University, the Linda Hall Library will offer a special evening lecture with the director of the Vatican Observatory.

In “From Galileo to Laudato Si’: Why Science Needs Faith,” Brother Guy Consolmagno, SJ, will discuss his work and the intersection of faith and science at 7:00 p.m. on March 29 at the Library. Br. Consolmagno was appointed director of the Vatican Observatory in 2015. He is also President of the Vatican Observatory Foundation.

A native of Detroit, Consolmagno earned undergraduate and Master’s degrees from MIT, and a PhD in Planetary Science from the University of Arizona. He served in the U.S. Peace Corps in Kenya and taught physics at Lafayette College before entering the Jesuit order in 1989. Brother Consolmagno has been at the Vatican Observatory since 1993.

The lecture is free and open to the public.

3 Harvard Professor will Discuss Natural Selection at Spring Bartlett Lecture

Harvard University Associate Professor in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Andrew Berry will deliver the 15th annual Paul D. Bartlett, Sr. lecture, “What Darwin Didn’t Know: Evolution Since the Origin” at 7:00 p.m., April 6 in the Library’s Main Reading Room. The general public can register for tickets beginning March 16.

Berry lectures on evolutionary biology at Harvard, and has written about Alfred Russel Wallace, who with Darwin, discovered a theory of evolution by natural selection. Berry’s 2002 book about Wallace, *OmOJUF5SPQJDT, concerns the life of a public intellectual whose writing extended beyond the subject of natural selection to embrace the issues of conservation and women’s suffrage.

Some of Berry’s work relates to the Library’s Spring Exhibition Connecting the Dots: The Science of CSI. Berry co-wrote the book DNA with James Watson, who with Francis Crick, discovered the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. Written on the 50th anniversary of the discovery, the book examines the history and the controversies of DNA-based technologies,

The event is co-sponsored by the Harvard-Radcliffe Club of Kansas City.

Library to Host Astronomer David Levy in June; Sponsor Viewing of Total Eclipse in August

5IF-JOEB)BMM-JCSBSZJTQMBOOJOHBmFMEUSJQUP4U+PTFQI .JTTPVSJ  to view the total solar eclipse on August 21.

St. Joseph is well situated to see the totality of the eclipse which will last approximately two-and-a-half minutes. Trip details are still in formation at press time. The Library will provide buses to St. Joseph and return the same day. Complete details will be available through the Hedgehog Express e-newsletter, on the Library’s website, and on social media.

In preparation for the event, the Library will host astronomer David Levy on June 15 who will discuss the solar eclipse. Complete details are forthcoming and will appear on the Library’s website. In 2015, Levy donated his journals and observation logs to the Library and intends to donate additional materials this summer. 4 Meet a Supporter For Peter Karsten, the Linda Hall Library Offers a Touch of New York

Karsten said. “The Library brought in a number of heavy hitters for that event. Neil DeGrasse Tyson was well known even back then, and we knew of him from the Hayden Planetarium in New York, where he works.”

Karsten and Barhydt are also reminded of New York by living in downtown Kansas City where they can take advantage of the arts and cultural scene, especially local theater and the Kansas City Symphony. Kansas City’s other advantages are not lost on them, either. Karsten enjoys the metropolitan area’s open spaces by hiking Indian Creek, the Rock Island Spur, and other local trails. Barhydt grew up in Kansas City, and the pair moved here to be near her family. The lower overhead of moving to the Midwest meant an opportunity for international travel, Karsten said.

Beginning in 2010, Karsten and Barhydt have traveled across Europe, and with rare exception, have not gone to the same destination twice. One SFDFOUUSJQXBTBDSVJTFXJUImWFDPVQMFTEPXO he Linda Hall Library gives Peter Karsten a little T the River Shannon in Ireland. Among the other feeling of New York City. passengers was retired U.S. Air Force General

Richard Myers, former Chairman of the U.S. Joint Karsten, a Linda Hall Library Annual Fund donor, Chiefs of Staff, and current president of Kansas grew up on the east coast and moved to Kansas City State University. about 10 years ago after living in midtown Manhattan for many years. Karsten and his wife, Sally Barhydt, It’s a common practice for Karsten to search out have come to call Kansas City home even as they libraries during his travels. Among his favorites are identify touchstones to remind them of New York. the Long Room at Trinity University in Dublin and the library at the Melk Abbey on the Danube River Retired from his job editing engineering trade in Germany. publications and textbooks at McGraw Hill, Karsten has developed a soft spot for the Linda Hall Library. “Literature was my favorite subject in school,” He frequents the Library’s evening programs and Karsten said. “I’ve had a lifelong love affair with regularly attends the annual Cockefair lectures which books. I was surrounded by books growing up, and feed an interest in science and technology that my parents loved books.” dates back to his days at Lehigh University where he earned an engineering degree. Karsten and Barhydt are planning another trip soon, this time to Norway. While he’s there, Karsten likely i*CFMJFWFUIFmSTUUJNF*IFBSEPGUIF-JCSBSZXBT will be taking in a library. around the Climate Change Symposium in 2009,” 5 BringingBringing ClosureClosure DPOUJOVFEGSPNQBHF And the numbers of such cases are ramping up. “When Baker’s mission came into sharp focus when she was you have more people crossing, there are more people helping to set up a Truth and Reconciliation Commission who get into trouble and more people die,” she said. in Peru in 2001. Forensic researchers from around the world told her heart-rending stories of cases they were Baker took a circuitous route to her life’s work. A native working on, such as one involving a mass grave of PG%BMMBTXIPHSFXVQJO-VGLJO 5FYBT TIFJTUIFmSTU children in Guatemala. They were surprised to learn from TDJFOUJTUJOIFSGBNJMZBOEUIFmSTUNFNCFSPGIFSGBNJMZ Baker about the problems occurring on the U.S.-Mexico to go to college. border, and they volunteered to come to the United States UPIFMQXJUIUIFJEFOUJmDBUJPOQSPDFTT “I went to Baylor and found out about anthropology by accident,” she said. “I had a sociology class in which the When Baker got home to Tennessee, she told her professor talked about anthropologists she had interacted husband she was going to start a project to identify with and the work they did. It sounded fascinating.” deceased border crossers and repatriate their remains to their families. Baker’s undergraduate years at Baylor also made her BXBSFPGVOJEFOUJmFENJHSBOUTEZJOHJOUIFWJDJOJUZPG i)FTBJEA0, UIBUTmOF CVUXFSFPWFSIPVSTGSPNUIF the Texas-Mexico border. “That stayed with me,” she border, so how are we going to do that?’ I said ‘I have no said. “Especially the apathy toward these people as JEFBCVUXFMMmHVSFJUPVUw individuals, the stripping of human dignity, the fact that they were found and no one put any effort into the Baker’s plan got a boost when Baylor asked her to JEFOUJmDBUJPOQSPDFTTBOESFQBUSJBUJPOw interview for a forensic science position in 2002. She was afraid her aspiration would be deemed inappropriate, but Baker earned Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in PGmDJBMTBUUIFQSJWBUF#BQUJTU6OJWFSTJUZIFBSUJMZBQQSPWFE anthropology from Baylor in the 1990s and, in 2001, a PhD in anthropology from the University of Tennessee. “I like to think it was divine intervention,” she said. She studied mitochondrial DNA and shared her expertise with friends who were seeking to identify remains Yet Baylor’s support could not clear away all the obstacles involved in human rights cases. that Baker and her team members would face.

“Getting this information and matching GBNJMJFTUPUIFSFNBJOTXFmOEJTB terribly cumbersome prospect,” she said. “Families report the missing to all sorts of organizations. It may be written EPXOBOEQVUJOBmMF5IFSFXBTOP way to contact families to be able to put in information on these cases, and we still struggle with this.”

Another major obstacle is limited resources in the Texas counties where many such cases occur. “It should be shocking to most people where we are in forensic science in many counties in Texas,” she said.

6 *NBHFDPVSUFTZPG#BZMPS6OJWFSTJUZ Baker noted that Brooks County, Texas, where much of “These international migration cases are impossible to do her work has been focused the last few years, is mired without strong collaboration from all different sectors, from in poverty and overseen by a small number of low-paid people in all different nations,” she said. DPVOUZPGmDJBMTi:PVEPOUIBWFBNFEJDBMFYBNJOFST PGmDF:PVEPOUIBWFBQFSTPOXJUIGPSFOTJDFYQFSUJTF w Chuck Heurich, senior physical scientist and program she said. NBOBHFSBUUIF64%FQBSUNFOUPG+VTUJDF0GmDFPG

“I had a sociology class in which the professor talked about anthropologists she had interacted with and the work they did. It sounded fascinating.”

*O #BLFSKPVSOFZFEUPUIFHPWFSOPSTPGmDFJO"VTUJO Justice Programs, said he is familiar with Baker’s work. and sought help for Brooks County. “They said yes,” she “She makes a tremendous impact. Each case is impactful TBJEi5IFHPWFSOPSTPGmDFHBWFUIFDPVOUZNPOFZUP in a tremendous way to that particular family,” he said. deal with many of these issues, one of which was to pay “She has helped set the standard for this kind of work.” GPSUIFSFNBJOTUPHPUPBNFEJDBMFYBNJOFSTPGmDFBOE have a proper forensic investigation.” Baker said her work takes a big emotional toll on her, but the ongoing need for it drives her on. Baker also cited the crucial role played in her work by organizations such as the Colibri Center for Human “We have a grieving process, and this grieving process Rights in Tucson, Arizona, and the Argentine Forensic can’t go forward with unanswered questions,” she Anthropology Team. said. “We have hundreds of families every year that are affected by this. Every mother that we’ve spoken to, they say ‘thank you for doing this, and thank you for giving me back my loved one.’”

7 Beetle-Mania

BY TANIA MUNZ Vice President for Research and Scholarship

Last October, Terence Schiefer, a curator of insects at the Mississippi Entomological Museum, emailed the Linda Hall Library to request a high- EFmOJUJPOTDBOPGBOJNBHF in one of our books, Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en "NFSJRVF(Insects collected in Africa and America). The work was published in Paris, between 1805 -1821, by French- born naturalist Ambroise Marie Françoise Palisot de Beauvois.

Schiefer is revising a subgenus of the long-horned beetle genus Prionus. He’s especially interested in a species native to the United States and Canada called Prionus brevicornis. To establish its taxonomy, Schiefer needed to closely examine how the antennal segments of another beetle, Prionus beauvoisi, were drawn in Beauvois’s book.

'JHVSF5IFQMBUFUIBUTIPXTUIFCFFUMF 5FSFODF4DIJFGFSJTJOUFSFTUFEJO 1SJPOVT CFBVWPJTJ MBCFMFE1SJPOVTCSFWJDPSOJT  JOUIFVQQFSMFGUDPSOFS

8 *XBTJOUSJHVFECZBUXFOUZmSTU century entomologist turning to an early-nineteenth-century work in search of answers to such specialized questions. I decided to pay the Beauvois and its eponymous bug a visit. The book is part of the Library’s rare book collection and is an impressive folio-size volume, written in French and beautifully illustrated. Hand-colored copper plate engravings depict insects of all shapes and colors in exquisite detail. Schiefer’s beetle, Prionus beauvoisi, is an unassuming black creature that shares the page XJUIGBSnBTIJFSTQFDJNFOT5IF MFHFOEJEFOUJmFTJUCZJUTPSJHJOBM name – Prionus brevicornis, the species Schiefer is trying to sort taxonomically. [Figure 1]

The Library’s copy offers an unexpected reward. Slipped between its pages are two hand- painted pages of insects that were prepared (and signed) by the Swiss-born artist, Jean- Gabriel Prêtre, presumably to instruct engravers 'JHVSF5IFPSJHJOBMIBOEQBJOUFEUSJBMQBHFXJUIQFODJMMJOFT BOEDPMPSJTUTPOIPXUPSFOEFSUIFmOJTIFEQSPEVDU TUJMMWJTJCMF1SÐUSFTTJHOBUVSFJOUIFMPXFSMFGUBOEQSFTVNBCMZ Prêtre specialized in animal and botanical art and IJTmOHFSQSJOUBOETNVEHFTJOUIFMPXFSSJHIU contributed his work to many of the period’s best- LOPXOTDJFOUJmDCPPLT JODMVEJOHUIFTUVOOJOH NVMUJ volume Description de l’Egypte (Description of Egypt, I followed up with Schiefer to learn more about his 1809-28) that is also in the Library’s collections. work. He explained that Prionus beauvoisi had been named a distinct species in 1915 by a scientist called 0OFPGUIFUSJBMTIFFUTTIPXTmWFMJGFTJ[FECFFUMFT Auguste Lameer. Intriguingly, it seems that Lameer 8JUIUIFJSEFMJDBUFBOUFOOBFBOEmOFIBJST UIFJOTFDUT described the species, not from a physical specimen, look as though they’ve just wandered onto the page but from a copy of the very book in our collections. and arranged themselves for inspection. But the artist Usually, when a species is named, the physical also left an accidental trace that reminds us of the BOJNBMPSQMBOUUIFJEFOUJmDBUJPOJTCBTFEPOoLOPXO painstaking process that created the lovely creatures – as the type specimen or holotype – is put on deposit BCSPXOmOHFSQSJOUBOETNVEHFT JOUIFTBNFDPMPSBT in a collection for future research. But the beetle in the beetles. [Figure 2]

9 question seems to have been lost some time ago – matter where he went, trouble seemed to follow him. queries to London and Paris turned up empty handed. )FFOEVSFEOPMFTTUIBOUXPmSFT ZFMMPXGFWFS BO 'PSUIJTSFBTPO 4DIJFGFSFYQMBJOFE iUIJTmHVSFJT incarceration, being banished from France because essentially the ‘Type’ specimen of Prionus beauvoisi.” of the Revolution, a Slave revolt in Haiti, and a pirate attack. Finally, when it was safe to return to his native When I asked why this type specimen would have France, he sent his extensive collections ahead; but been lost by the early twentieth century, Schiefer the ship carrying the specimens sank off the coast of sent me an article that details Beauvois’s life. In Nova Scotia. an otherwise technical paper on the taxonomy of stinkbugs, two entomologists, Daniel Perez-Gelabert Thus, the beetle in question may already have been and Donald Thomas, describe a life more harrowing MPTUXIFO#FBVWPJTTmSTUCPPLMFUXBTQVCMJTIFEJO UIBOmDUJPO#FVBWPJTUSBWFMFEXJEFMZUP"GSJDB  1805, more than a hundred years before it was named Haiti, the United States, and back to France; but no by Lameer. Beauvois was luckier (although one hesitates to use the term); he made the journey back to France in 1798. When he set out to prepare his Insectes recueillis he only had a few specimens, drawings, and notes to rely on.

I sometimes think of the plagues, wars, nPPET BOEmSFTUIBUTPNFPGUIFCPPLT in the Library’s collection must have escaped to land safely on our shelves in Kansas City. But that Beauvois’s book even made it to press seems like a miracle. And to think that a slice of modern-day science continues to hinge on the exact representation of antennal segments of a beetle produced in the early twentieth century reminds us of the enduring value careful and determined scholarship can have. As Schiefer noted, “taxonomy is a science where old stuff matters.” [Figure 3].

'JHVSF%JHJUBM%FTJHO5FDIOJDJBO+PO3PMMJOTQSFQBSJOHUIFTDBOUIBUXJMMHJWF 4DIJFGFSFOPVHIEFUBJMUPDPSSFDUMZEFUFSNJOFJGUIFBOUFOOBMTFHNFOUTPG1SJPOVT CFBVWPJTJBSFUSVFTFHNFOUT 10 Calendar of Events

March 16 – “Death, Forensic Science, and Reuniting Families” Lori Baker, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Baylor University, discusses her work 3/16 with the Reuniting Families Project, an organization she founded. (Sponsored by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and the Gridley Family Foundation.)

March 29 – “From Galileo to Laudato Si” Brother Guy Consolmagno, Director PGUIF7BUJDBO0CTFSWBUPSZ DPOTJEFSTIPXGBJUINPUJWBUFTTDJFOUJmDSFTFBSDI 3/29 (This event is co-sponsored by Rockhurst University)

April 6 – “What Darwin Didn’t Know: Evolution Since the Origin.” The 15th Annual Paul D. Bartlett, Sr. Lecture with Andrew Berry, Lecturer in Organismic and 4/6 Evolutionary Biology Harvard University. (Co-sponsored by the Harvard-Radcliffe Club of Kansas City.)

April 8 – “How Do I Become a (Forensic Scientist)?” An event for high school TUVEFOUTBOEQBSFOUTUPMFBSOBCPVUUIFHSPXJOHmFMEPGGPSFOTJDTDJFODF 4/8 (Sponsored by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and the Gridley Family Foundation.)

May 4 – “The Art of Invisibility: Kevin Mitnick in Conversation with Jeff Lanza.” (Sponsored by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and the Gridley 5/4 Family Foundation.)

May 17 – “The Evolution of Beauty: How Darwin’s Forgotten Theory of Mate Choice Shapes the Animal World – And Us” Richard Prum, the William Robertson 5/17 Coe Professor of Ornithology, Ecology, and Evolutionary Biology at Yale University. A Rainy Day Books author event.

June 15 – Astronomer David Levy will share insights about the total 6/15 eclipse on August 21.

&DQ·WDWWHQGRQHRIRXUHYHQLQJOHFWXUHV"0DQ\RIWKHPDUH/LYHVWUHDPHGDQGODWHUDUFKLYHGDW lindahall.org. Follow us on Twitter or Facebook to learn more. All lectures are free and open to the public; however, an e-ticket is required. Learn more about the lectures and register for tickets at: lindahall.org

11 Collections Finding Beauty in Nature

BY BEN GROSS Linda Hall Library Associate Vice President for Collections

T hroughout the summer of 1900, millions of people traveled to Paris to attend the Exposition Universelle—a grand world’s fair celebrating the latest achievements of science and industry.

Upon arrival at the Place de la Concorde, visitors entered the fairgrounds through a monumental cast iron gate designed by the architect René Binet. While Binet’s handiwork received a great deal of public attention, few realized his design had been inspired by one of Europe’s best known scientists—Ernst Haeckel.

*UXBTBmUUJOHUSJCVUFUPBNBOXIPIBETQFOUIJTMJGF showcasing the diversity of nature in lavishly illustrated works like his recently published ,VOTUGPSNFOEFS/BUVS (Art Forms in Nature).

"MMJNBHFTJOUIJTBSUJDMFBSFGSPN&SOTU)BFDLFM Kunstformen der Natur   12 Haeckel had launched his career as a marine biologist, studying tiny unicellular creatures called radiolaria. His intricate drawings of these microscopic animals, which would later inspire Binet, revealed a fascination with organisms’ internal structures and taxonomic DMBTTJmDBUJPO*UXBTJOUIFNJETUPGUIFTFJOWFTUJHBUJPOT UIBU)BFDLFMmSTUFODPVOUFSFEUIFXSJUJOHTPG$IBSMFT Darwin. Haeckel quickly embraced the theory of evolution and came to believe that his radiolaria provided empirical evidence in support of Darwin’s ideas. Haeckel’s investigations impressed the Englishman, who later praised the young researcher as “one of the few who clearly understands Natural Selection.”

Over the coming decades, Haeckel emerged as the leading European proponent of Darwinism, ultimately publishing more books on evolutionary theory than the theory’s namesake. In his writings, Haeckel combined Darwinian evolution with older Romantic ideas concerning the fundamental unity of nature. He coined the term “ecology” to describe the relationship between plants, animals, and their environments and popularized the use of phylogenetic tree diagrams to show how different species were related. Famously, he also argued that as it matured, an organism’s FNCSZPSFnFDUFEUIFGPSNTPGBMMPGJUT ancestors—or as he put it, ontogeny (the development of an organism) recapitulates phylogeny (an organism’s evolutionary history).

13 Whenever possible, Haeckel backed up his arguments The book was published in ten installments with visual evidence. His illustrations occasionally CFUXFFOBOE&BDIQBSUDPOTJTUFEPG provoked outcry. Several biologists took issue, for ten lithographed plates and textual explanations, example, with his embryo drawings, arguing that showcasing what Haeckel referred to as the they exaggerated the similarities that existed between “inexhaustible plethora of wonderful forms” found in different species. Despite these attacks, Haeckel’s nature. Haeckel sketched each illustration himself efforts to reveal the hidden patterns and symmetries before passing it to his lithographer along with that suffused the natural world remained deeply instructions concerning colors and dimensions. In appealing. No work embodied that vision more than some cases, he presented pictures of a complete his ,VOTUGPSNFOEFS/BUVS organism, while in others he emphasized portions of UIFJSBOBUPNZ TVDIBTBmTITTDBMFTPSBCBUTFBST

14 ,VOTUGPSNFOEFS/BUVSwas a masterpiece PGOBUVSBMIJTUPSZBOETDJFOUJmDJMMVTUSBUJPO It proved enormously popular with artists, captivating members of the blossoming Art Nouveau movement like Binet as well as surrealists like Max Ernst. Yet for all of JUTJOnVFODF VOUJMSFDFOUMZUIF-JOEB)BMM Library’s History of Science Collection did not own a full copy of Haeckel’s book—only UIFVOCPVOEMJUIPHSBQITGSPNJUTmSTUIBMG 6QPOSFBMJ[JOHUIJTEFmDJFODZ NFNCFST of the Library’s staff began searching for a complete edition of Kunstformen der Natur, eventually acquiring one from a bookseller in Germany. Today Library visitors can peruse the book in its entirety, drawing inspiration from its beautiful artwork and the brilliant scientist responsible for its creation.

From Galileo to Laudauto Si’: Why Science needs Faith

7:00 p.m. Saturday, MARCH 29 5109 Cherry Street Kansas City, MO 64110

Join us as Brother Guy Consolmagno, SJ, the Director of the Vatican Observatory, shares how our faith and core beliefs supply the motivation needed for scientific exploration. This event is co-sponsored with Rockhurst University.

This event is free and open to the public; however, you must have an e-ticket. Learn more and register for tickets at www .lindahall.org

15 LINDA HALL LIBRARY HEDGEHOG NUMBER 59 • Spring 2017

The Spring 2017 issue shows an illustration of a hedgehog from Volume 8 of Georges-Louis Leclerc, FRPWHGH%XIIRQ·V+LVWRLUHQDWXUHOOH (1760). You can browse all 44 volumes of this encyclopedia E\YLVLWLQJWKH/LQGD+DOO/LEUDU\·V History of Science Collection.

Cover Photo: Dr. Lori Baker in the field for the Reuniting Families Project. (Photo courtesy of Dr. Baker.)

HEDGEHOG is published twice a year by The Linda Hall Library of Science, Engineering & Technology 5109 Cherry Street Kansas City, Missouri 64110 816.363.4600 Exhibition and related programs are sponsored by the fax 816.926.8790 Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and Gridley Family Foundation www.lindahall.org