Volume 5 Article 11 Number 7 The Iowa Homemaker vol.5, no.7

1925 When We Are Very Young Anna Johnson Iowa State College

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Recommended Citation Johnson, Anna (1925) "When We Are Very Young," The Iowa Homemaker: Vol. 5 : No. 7 , Article 11. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker/vol5/iss7/11

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in The oI wa Homemaker by an authorized editor of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 11 Fuel Economy tn the Kitchen MIRIAM RAPP

"DOLLAR savers," "time savers," 1. Do yo'u cover the vessel when boil­ ing fuel. A utensil with the bottom sur­ and "energy savers" are three ing water or food? The process is com­ face near the size of the burner is more things much sought for in the pleted in less time if you do-with of efficient than one much smaller than the wotld today. Of these probably "dollar course the consumption of less fuel. bunrer. By using a cl'uster of three pans savers" is the one which -is most r ealistic 2. Do you light the burner of your gas often called "clover leaf" sets, you may to the busy housekeeper as well as her or kerosene stove after the vessel is set be able to cook on one burner what would husband. on the burner? ordinarily require the use of three bur­ We stress clothing budgets and econo­ 3. Do you turn out the flame just be­ ners. Sets of double pans can also be my, food saving and economical buying fore removing the vessel from the burn­ purchased. and many other places for economy in the er? With a little forethought in planning, home but seldom do we hear a word 4. When water or food has commen­ a whole meal may be ·cooked in the oven, about the economical use of a "cook ced to boil do you turn the flame lower? thus preventing the necessity of using stove"- a piece of equipment used on an both oven b'urners and surface burners average three times a day by every for the same meal. homemaker in the land. Some gas ranges and electric ranges The kind of fuel ydu use will depend are now being made with very well insu­ largely upon what kind of fuel is avail­ lated ovens. Such an oven may be used able in :vour particular community or city. as a fireless cooker since if unopened Coal and wood are old stand-bys but for it retains the heat for some time after a number of reasons, particularly because the burner has been turned off. Here of the disagreeableness in handling and again an oven cooked meal will be a fuel heat in using, most of us use some other saver. type of fuel when possible. Kerosene One of the manufacturers of gas ranges stoves are commonly 'used in rural Ameri­ Fuel may be saved by using double-triple has incorporated the principles of the can homes. Gas, both natural and arti­ pans. fireless cocker in a hood attachment over ficial, is now the fuel upon which people one of the top burners. This fireless in many of our cities are depending for hood or dome is very well insulated and cooking purposes. Water will get no hotter !!han boiling no when once heated retains the heat. Fuel like our other natural resources matter how furiously it boils. Girls in the Household Eq'uipment will not last indefinitely, so in addition A flame which licks up around the course at Iowa State College found that to our interest in economy of dollars and sides of the pan is a wasteful one and by using a set of triplicate pans with the cents there is a still more important need should be avoided. fireless hood attachment, they could pre­ of economy in the use of fuel for the A clean burner is much more efficient pare, with an expenditure or only 6.73 cu­ preservation of our s"upply for future use. than a dirty one besides saving the dis­ bic feet of gas, the following meal for How may we conserve fuel in cooking agreeable task or cleaning the sooty uten­ six people: processes? Much fuel is lost by certain sils which often result from an unkept Rolled steak with vegetables careless practices common to a great burner. The matter of regular and thoro Escalloped potatoes number of homemakers. A large amount cleaning of burners is of partic'ular im­ Brown Betty pudding. of fuel would be conserved if homemak­ portance in using a kerosene stove. The same meal required 20.95 cubic ers ·could truthfully answer "yes" to the Corect selection and use of utensils us­ feet of gas when it was baked in the following questions: ed in cooking is another method of sav- (Continued on page 2il) When We Are Very Young ANNA JOHNSON

HAT would Christmas be to the rinsed in cold water, to 1 inch in depth. into a sauce pan and cook, stirring until W kiddies without bright colored Let stand until firm, unmold onto bread the is dissolved. Continue cook­ to delight them? board dredged with . Cut ing without stirring until it forms a hard for the children should be simple, yet at­ into squares, and roll in powdered sugar. crack when tested in cold water, or 300 tractive. Fruits and candies which are 1 cup nuts add variety to gelatin mix­ F. is reached. Remove from fire, add not too rich and sweet may be made with ture. salt and butter and stir only long enough a great deal of interest for the maker and Cunning animal shapes may be made to mix well. Add bran and turn at once real delight for the children. by dividing the mixture into several on a greased inverted pan or baking One of the greaetst delights for kiddies parts, coloring each part differently, chill­ sheet. Smooth out with spatula. After are little animals, made from Turkish ing in thin layers. After allowing it to about a half minute take hold of the edge Paste. become firm, cut in shapes, roll in granu­ of the candy and, lifting it slightly, pull Turkish Paste lated sugar and fasten pieces together as thin as possible. Break into irregular Gelatin, 4 tbsp. with toothpicks to form odd shapes of pieces. Granulated sugar, 4 cups animals. Fruit candies are especially desirable Salt, few grains Queer shapes of various kinds may be for the family because they are healthier Clove extract, lh tsp. cut out, using cloves or drops of choco­ and add variety. Powdered sugar, 1 1cup late for eyes. Another splendid candy for the little Stuffed Prunes Cold water 1 cup For stuffing prunes use the smaller Boiling water, 1"h cups folks and very easy to make is Bran Brittle. Grown-ups like it, too, and it is size, since the large ones do not look so Lemon juice, 1 cup well anct are clumsy to eat. Wash the Coloring, yellow and red good for them. prunes and steam. For steaming, place Soak gelatin in cold· water 5 minutes, Bran Brittle in a collander or a coarse strainer over then dissolve in boiling water. Stir in Granulated sugar, 2 cups a kettle of boiling water. Do not let the the granulated sugar and salt until dis­ , 1 cup water touch the fruit. Cover and allow solved and boil slowly 15 minutes, re­ Light corn , "h cup steam to soften them for 5 or 10 min­ moving scum as it forms. For. other vari­ Water, "h cup utes. They should be plump and tender, ations divide the mixture in half; to (A) Butter, :14 cup but not cooked. When cool enough to add lemon juice and yellow coloring; to Salt, lh tsp. handle, remove pits and stuff with any of (B) add clove extract and red coloring. Bran, 1"h cups the following variations: Pour into shallow pans that have been Put the , and water Ground or chopped mixtures of nuts 12 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER and fruits; peanut butter ; whole al­ Add a few drops of flavoring-pepper­ bias binding. Then carefully pin the monds, blanched and dried; chopped al­ , lemon or orange extract-and drop crown and brim together so as not to monds and pecans; cottage cheese. A at once on tin sheet from tip of spoon, show pin marks, check again for com­ pleasing mixture for stuffing is: 1,4 cup in portions the size of a silver half dol­ fort and becomingness. Stitch seam to almonds, which have been blanched and lar. Store in tight glass jar. the inside of hat. Be careful not to browned in the oven; 6 candied apricots Sugar Sticks stitch too low down because this will or 1 tablespoon citron; 1,4 cup nut meats Prepare candy as directed in "Barley mean that you will later have to place and :14 cup seedless raisins. Put ingredi­ Sugar Drops". Pour on tin sheet in strips your lining low to cover this stitching ents through the food chopper and knead, 4 inches long and % inch wide. Take and a lining that shows while the bat is molding in shapes and size for stuffing up one at a time, twist, and place in cov­ on the head detracts decidedly from the the prunes. Do not fill prunes too full ered glass jar. hat. for they are hard to eat and not attractive The simplest type of lining is the looking. Do not roll them in sugar, as it Wafers Standard, consisting of an oval and a side detracts from their black, shiny appear­ Sugar, 1% cup Butter, 1 -,2 tbsp. bias. The oval is usually about four ance. Corn syrup, % cup , 1 tbsp. and one-half by five and a quarter when 1,4 finished. The side bias equals your head Stuffed Dates Water , lh cup Salt, tsp. Cook sugar, syrup and water to 270 F., size, plus seam allowance and is abo'ut Stuffing for· 30 dates: or until brittle when tried in water. Add seven inches wide. The top gathering is Nut m eats, 1,4 cup Cinnamon, lh tsp. butter and molasses and cook until it equally distributed around the oval which Prunes, 6 Cloves, 1,4 tsp. reaches 280 F ., or until it cracks in cold usually .has a crinoline backing. Figs, 4 water, stirring to prevent burning. Re­ Often a monogram is worked in the Put the figs, prunes and nuts through move from fire, add salt, flavor with oil center of the oval by means of cable the food chopper. Add spices and mix of lemon, and drop from tip of spoon on stitching, painting or couching. When thoroughly. Seed the dates and stuff oiled m arble slab or tin sheet, in wafers lining is completed, pin in place and slip them with the prepared mixture. Roll in the size of a quarter of a dollar, or mold stitch neatly to the hat. granulated sugar. as Jolly-pops. Many variations might be suggested here but with due consideration to the A variation is: POPCORN Ornage peel, chopped, 2 tbsp. knowledge of our reader we trust that Cocoanut, 1,4 cup Dates, 9 Sugared Popcorn this information will arouse interest and Put cocoanut, dates and orange peel Popped corn, 2 qts. Sugar, 2 cups tend to stimulate the power of observa­ through food chopper. This amount will Butter, 2 tbsp. Water, 1h cup tion which alone will be a deciding factor fill 30 dates. Roll in granulated sugar. Pick over popped corn, discarding all in helping yo'u visualize your hat prob­ hard kernels. Melt butter in sauce pan, lem. Ask yourself frankly "Am I wear­ Fruit Confections add sugar and water, stir until dissolved, ing the most becoming hat that I can Prunes, uncooked, approximately lh cup and boil until it reaches the temperature wear?" Figs, approximately 1,4 cup of 238 degrees F., or until it will form a Raisins, approximately lh cup soft ball when tried in cold water. Pour BOOKS OLDER GIRLS LIKE Date, approximately lh cup over corn, and stir until every kernel is Nut meats, 1,4 cup coated with sugar. (Continued from page 10) Cloves, ground, 1,4 tsp. Variations counter with Lorna makes him a sol­ Salt, 1,4 tsp. Add· red coloring, or chocolate, or use dier and a knight. Put a!] the ingredients through the brown sugar instead of white. Bush, R. E. A Prairie Rose. (Little), $1.75. meat chopper and mix well. Roll out in Rose is a pioneer girl who goes with a thin sheet about 1,4 inch thick. CCut in Popcorn Nests her older brother in a prairie schooner shapes;; animals, stars, etc., and sprin­ These are very cunning for children. t oiowa, where they make a new borne kle with sugar. Make popcorn balls and shape into hol­ for themselves. low n ests. Line with fringed waxed pa­ Dickens, Charles. David Copperfield. Il­ Parisian Sweets per, and fill with salted nuts or caildiP.s. Prepared dates, 1 lb. lus. by G. Hammond (Dodd), $2.00. Syrup for popcorn balls: The personal history and experience of Figs, 1 lb. Orange juice, 1 tbsp. 5 qts. popped corn Nuts, 1 lb. , 1,4 cup David Copperfield the younger, as re­ 2 cups sugar lated by himself. Cleanse fruits and nuts. Put through 1¥.! cups water fine knife m eat chopper, twice if neces­ Garland, Hamlin. Daughter of the Middle lh cup white corn syrup Border. (Harper), $2.00. sary, and mix thoroughly. Add orange lh tsp. each salt and juice and honey. Shape, roll in chopped Haskell, H elen E. Katrinka. (Dutton), 1 tbsp. vanilla $2.00. nuts, cocoanut or chocolate. May be Boil sugar, water and corn syrup with­ put under weight, then cut in fancy Story of a little Russian peasant girl out stirring until temperature reaches who becomes a star dancer at the Im­ shapes. Puffed rice m ay be added to the 260 degrees F., add remaining ingredients recipe. perial Theatre. Gives a vivid picture and heat to 264 degrees F. Have corn in of all phases of the life in Russia dur­ Any fruit combination is very appetiz­ large pan and pour on the syrup gradu­ ing, cut in various shapes. ing the monarchy. ally. Make into balls or popcorn nests. HillYer, V. M. A child's history of the Candied Orange Peel world. (Century), $3.50. Orange shells, 6 Visualize Your H~t Prob­ History from.ancient times to the pres· Granulated sugar, 2 cups ent. Water, 1 cup lem Hugo, Victor. Les Miserables. (Dodd), Cook orange peel slowly in water, (Continued from page 4) $2.50. keeping covered, until m embrane loosens One of the greatest stories in any lan­ easily. Drain, cool, remove white portion, rum, elastic net or willow cloth, with the center, front and back placed on 1:he bias guage. using a spoon, and cut skins in string­ Irving, Washington. Rip Van Winkle. like stripes, using a scissors. Cook 2 so as to secure a better roll to the brim. The side seams are stitched together and Illus. by N. C. Wyeth (McKay), $2.50. cups suga;r with 1 cup water until it pins The perfect "Rip Van Winkle" book. a thread. Heat a few of the strips at a a few serrations are made at the bead size. Pin the brim to the head size The legend of the Hudson Valley. time in the syrup to boiling point. Drain, Irving, Washington. Tales of the Alham­ roll in granulated sugar , dry on oil paper. band which is about one and a half inches wide, then try on for a final check. The bra. Illus. by Dixon and Brock (Mc­ Serve with afternoon tea or as garnish edge may be wired or not. In either case, Kay), $2.50. for dessert. however, bind the edge of foundation ma­ Legends, traditions and fairy tales Grapefruit peel may be prepared the terial with the bias crinoline or similar which time bas woven around the ruins same way. binding to gain as fiat an effect as pJs­ o.l' the beautiful Moorish palace of the HARD CANDIES sible and to prevent raw edges