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Special Libraries, 1931 Special Libraries, 1930s

2-1-1931 Special Libraries, February 1931 Special Libraries Association

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This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1930s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1931 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Vol. 22 February, 1931 No. 2

S. L. A. Conference Cleveland, Ohio, JUNE 10-12 1931

Entered as rconrl clnss matter nt the Po-t Omce. Pro%ldcncr.R. I., undcr the Act or hhrch 3, 1859. Acccptnncc for mnillng at spcciol rate or posti~ge provided lor in section 1103, Act of Octohcr 3, 191$, nuthorlwd Octobar 22, 1821 Ilntea: $6.00 a ycur Furcipn $5.50. slnele copl~s50 ccnta 4 Contents

ARTICLES

Abstracts in the Social Sciences. By Dr. F. Stuart Chapin...... 39 Problem of Unemployment, The. By Louis Bloch. 44

DEPARTMENTS

Associations...... 6 1 Editorials ...... 50 Classification and In- Events and Publica- dexing ...... 54 tions ...... 64 Digest of Business President's Message ... 5 1 Book Reviews ...... 56 Research Activities . 53

Cleveland Convention 50 InformationServices.'. 62 Directory Publications 52 I~~~~~~~~~ib~~~~, 49 Earnings of Women in Business...... 60 Library Quarterly, The 52 Engineering Literature 60 Research ...... 49

Supplement ...... Index, 1930

Special Libraries Published Monthly September to April, bl-monthly May to August by THE SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION Publication Office, 11 Nisbet Street, Providence, R. I. All payments should be made to Special Libraries Association, 11 Niabet Street, Providence. R. I. February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES

SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION Supplementary Membership List No. 2 October 1, 1930-==January31, 1931

The List of Members issued in 1930 was corrected to May 1, 1930. A Supplementary List printed in the November issue of SPECIAL LIBRARIES was corrected to September 30. This List brings the record up to January 31, 1931. The abbreviations used in this list are obvious, and are in accord with the abbreviations used in the orlginal list. Names of active members and representatives of institutional members are unmarked. Names of institutional members are set in capitals. Special Abbreviations are as follows: (dl-deceased; ([)-Resigned, withdrawn or removed from files; (*)-Associate member; (t)-Subscriber. Errors and Omissions in the original list and supplementary list are corrected. Please report further necessary changes to the General Office, 11 Nisbet Street, Providence, R. I.

*Adama, Anna L., Standard Oil Company of *Burke, Mrs. Albert. Research Deot.. Procter N. J., 26 Broadway, New York City. & Collier Co., Cincinnati, 0. * ' rAlbouze, A. R., San Francisco, Calif. *Burr, Barbara, Employes' L., Marshall Field *Almond, Nina, Ln. Hoover War L., Stanford & Co., Chicago, Ill. University, Stanford, Calif. tcalifornia Unlversity South Branch, L. 405 rAmerican Management Association, New York Hilgard Avenue, Westwood Station, Los Cit~ Angeles, Calif. rAmer~can Underwriting- Houses, New York California. Division of Fieh and Game.~, San-~ ~ City. Francisco, Calif. tAntioch College L., Yellow Springs, Ohio. CALIFORNIA STATE LIBRARY, Sacra- [Arnold, Hattie, Dallas, Tex. mento, Calif. *Avev. E. Gertrude. Cincinnati P. L., Cin- 'Cameron, Jessie, L. Procter & Gamble Co., cinxati, 0. Cincinnati, 0. *Barzilay, Rhea, Schluter & Co., 41 Broadway, Campbell, Ida B., 24 North Parson Blvd., New York City. Flushing, L. I., N. Y. Bellingham, Margaret, Ln. Wis. Telephone 'Carr. Beatrice E.. 129 East 10th Street. New Company, Milwaukee, Wis. *Benz, W., J. G. White & Co., 37 Wall St., +~~$~i8kecto;Natural Developmen; Bu- New York City. reau, Dept. of Interior, Ottawa, Ont. Berein. Fr. Edw., Ln. Unlverelty Detroit L., *Casey, Al~ce,Ln. Lake Shore Athletic Club, Detroit, Mich. 850 Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Ill. Bibby, Gwynifred, J., U. S. Veterans Hospital, 'Chapin, Esther, Baker Library of Business Northam ton Mass. Administration, Boston, Mass. Bickley. drainla, Fourth Street, Franklin, dChase, Frank H., Boston, Mass. Tenn: - . Cleaver, Phyllis, 1439 Hudaon Avenub, Lin- *Brady, Grace L., Kirstein L., Boston, Mass. coln Park Station, Chicago, Ill. tBritish Non-Ferrous Metals Research Assn., *Cleavin er, John S., School L. Service, Re nart Bldg., Euston Street, London, ~olumkiaUnivereity, New York City. N. %: I. En land. Koalinaa District L.. Coalinea. Calif. tBrookllne P. I!., Brookline, Mass. koast Artillery ~chobl,~ort- on roe, Va. 'Brown. Grace H.. L. Price, Waterhouse & Cobb, Abby W., Mo. State Life Insurance Co., 56 Pine St.,.New York Clty. Company, 1501 Locust Street, St. Louls, Mo. 'Brown, Mrs. Maybin, 150 South Pleasant 'Cole, Arthur H., Administrative Curator, Street.-----~, South Wevrnouth. Mass. Baker L., Cambridge, Masa. *Brown. ass: Ruth. ~hhmAcademy, Andover, rcommerce, Bureau of Domestic and Foreign, *Bruere, Mrs. Christine! Catalog Dept., De- San Francisco, Calif. troit P. L., Detroit, M~ch. *Conat, Mabel L., Detroit P. L., Relerence *Buckley, Ellen, Asst. Ln. National Institute Dept., Detroit, Mich. of Public Admin~stration, 261 Broadway, rconsolidated Minlng & Smelting company of New York City. Canada,LLtd. Trail, B. C. 36 SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 193 1

'Cowie, Edythe, Chamber of Commerce, *Hazelton, Eleanor, Chicago Historic Soc., Cincinnati, 0. 632 N. Dearborn St., Chica o, Ill ?Crane, Thomas, P. L., Quinc 'Hazen, Margaret, L Mass. kt.Technology, *Cmssley, T 8.. Albert 14. &Za?of Law. Cambridge, Mass Chicago, Ill. Hazleton P. L., Hazleton, Penna. Crowe, Mabel R., Investment L Chase rHepner, Mrs. H. E., New York City. Nat~onalBank, 11 Broad Street, New York dHickman, V~rgmia.Cincinnati, 0. C1ty. 'Hicks, Jane, Ford Motor Co., I. Bng~~leering., De Bekker. Mrs. Sarah F.. 146 \Villow Street. Laboratory, Dearborn, Mich. ~roikln, N. Y. Holden, Elizabeth, Ln. Federal Reserve Ihk, DETRO~T,UNIVERSITY L., Detroit, Mich. San Francisco, Cal~f. (Fr. Edw. Bergin, Ln.) *IIolland, Mrs Helcn Britton, 2649 Russell *Dobson, Hazel, Wall Street Divis~on,N Y St., Berkeley, Calif. University, Trmity Place, Ney York C~ty *Hoopes, Ingram. Reference Dept , Boston *Dohrman, Natalie, Mercant~le L. Assn , P. L., Boston, Mass. Cincinnat~,0. *Horsefield, Mona, Sec'y to Pres., Bowery *Dotson. Mrs. H. W.. Metro~olitan Life Savings Bank, 110 E, 42nd %eel, New York Insurance Co L , NewYork C~iy. City. - *Dowries, Elizabeth, Boston Univ., School of rHoughton, Alice P., New York C~ty. Education.- -~~~ 27 Exeter Street. Boston. Mass. Hutchinson, Susan, Rrooklyn Museum, east- 'Downing, ~ar~aret,~esearch Dept., ~rocter ern Parkway, Brooklyn, N Y & Collier Co., Cincinnati, 0. ;INDIA, GOVERNMENT OF, New York Drew, Susan, Milwaukee County Law L , City. Milwaukee, Wis. INDUSTRIAL BOOK COMPANY, 280 tDrew Univ. L., Madison, N. J Broadway,. . New York City. (P. 11'. Ronen. *Dudley, Katherine, Johns Hopkins Univ. L., Pres.) Balt~more,Md. *Irvm, Daisy Lee, Procter & Gamble Co., 'Dulinr. Mrs. Anna. General 1-losoital,. . Cin- Ivorydale, 0. cinnzi, 0. 'Jiroch, Virginia, Art Museum, Cincmnati, 0. tEaatman Memorial Foundation, Laurel, MISS Jo??sJFFrieda, 626 Scmnton Aqe., Lynlxook, England, Grace A., C~vicsDept., Detro~tP. I.., N. Y Detroit, M~ch. rJoness, Eleanor, San Francisco, Calif. Etz, Katherine, 336 W. 24th St., New York rJoseph, Bea, H. W. Wilson Co., New York Citv. - ciy. ~ve$tt, Clara P., 1212 Sterling Place, St. rJudson, C. H., San Francisco, Calif. John's Station, Brooklyn, N. Y. tKarsakpai-St. Dzhusaly Sredne Aziatskolrhel rF~tzgerald,William, New York City. dor., U. S. S. R. rFletcher, Sheldon, Brooklyn, N Y. 'Kimball, Ed~th,L Mass Horticultural Sor: , *Fpn,Elsie, 234 Stetson Avenue, C~ncinnat~, Boston, Mass. u. *Kyte, cya, General Hospital, Cincinnati, 0 *Foster, Bernice M., Keane, Higb~e& Co , 639 *Lever, bileen, 49 Grove St., New York City. Penobscot Bldg., Detroit, Mich. *Lewis, Elizabeth B., Reference Dept., Boston Fullen. Ora E.. State L Conmission. Hartford. P L., Boston, Mass Conk ' 'Lindsay, Buena Employes' L., hlarshall P~elcl tGaleaburg P. L., Galesburg, 111. & Co., Ch~cago,111. *Gdbert. Mrs. A. M. Bolinas. Calif. *Lucas, E. Louise, Fogg Museum, Harvard Gill, ~;nna,~n.. Sr.ience service, Inc., 21st Univ., Cambr~clge,Mass. & B Streets, W.xshmgton, U. C.' Lundgren, Mrs. Esther, Forest Service, U S. 'Greenhill, Fanny I.., Am. Inst. Baking, 1135 Dept. Agriculture, Ferry Bldg., San Fran- Fullerton Ave., Ch~cago,Ill. cisco, Cal~f. rGriffin, Cynthia, Boston, Mass. rMcCright, Edith, Los Angeles, Cal~f *Gruber, Mrs. L. M., Cincinnati Chan~llerof rMcKenna, Laura, Chicago, 111. Commerce, Cincinnati, 0. 'McMullen, Jessie, Cincinnati Chan~l~erof Haman. Theodora. 353 f est 57th Street. New Commerce, Cmcinnati, 0. York'City. *Mackay, Anne, Lloyd L., Cincinnati, 0. *Hamilton, Mary, Worcester Art Museunl L., Madden, Eulalia, Ln . American Brass Co , Worcester, Mass. WaterLury, Conn. Hanford Free Public Librarv, Hanford. Cal~f. Magee, Margaret, Ln. Child Study Assn. af *Hanselman. Mrs. hlartha. Art ~"seurn. America. 221 W. 57th St.. New York Citv. C~ncinnati,0. *Manning,'Merle, L. DctroitEdiso~~Companj., HARDWARE MUTUAL CASUALTY COM- 2000 2nd Blvd., Detroit, Mich. PANY, Stevens Point, \I'is. (Geraldme *Marchese, An ele, Secretary, L Div. Stmp- Rammer.) flex Co.. ~ejfordI-lillside, Mass. HARTFORD P. L., Business Branch, Hart- Martin, Gaud, Ln., Royal '~ankof Canada, ford. Conn. Montreal, Que. c art man, J. C., Ln. Masonic L., Grand Lodge, *Mendel, Anne P ,, Manhattan Co., 40 Wall F. & A. M. of New York State, 71 W. 23rd St., New York City. Street, New York Citv. Merwin, Mrs Stella, I,n., Jackson & Moreland, 'Hauck, Elise, ~ithographicResearch, Univ. Boston, Mass. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, 0. rMeyer, Edith L , Quincy, Ill. *I.Iays, Alice, Ref. Ln. Stanford Univ. Ls., tMontgomery, Alex & Son, Solvay, Ky Stanford, Cal~f. dMoore, James N., Harrisburg, Penna. February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 37

*hlorrow, Ol~ve,Aeronautics Branch I.~l,mry, Savantla11 Puhlic L., Uowntown, Branch, IJ. S. Dept. Commerce, Wash~ngton,L) C. Savannah, Ga. rhlosher, Mrs. Ada M.,Cleveland, 0. ~Schagc,Florence, San Franc~sco,Cal~f. 'hloss, Mary, Basic Science L , Univ. Cin- *Schmidt, Mrs. Catherine, AT. \I Potash Ehp. cinnat~,Cincinnati, O Company, 19 W.44th Street, New Yolk C~iy. tMunc~ePublic L., Munc~e,Ind. 'Sessions, Dorothy, Rt~stnessand Commerce 'Nagel, Mrs. Josephine, Kroger Grocery Coni- Divis~on,Doantown I. , Dclroit, hlich. pany, Cincinnati, 0. *S~llman, Minnn, Documents LII., StanIo~tl rNat~onalIndustrial Conference Board, New Univ L , Stanford Urtiv., Calif. York C~ty. Simpson, Ray, 401 \V. 118th Street, New York NEW JERSEY BELL TELEPHONE COM- City. PANY, General L., 540 Broad Street, New- *S~nopoli,Anioinet te, Curttss-Lir~ght I.., 27 ark, N. J. (Louise Griepenstroh, Ln ) W 57th Street, New York City. 'N~chols, Josephine, Cornell Un~v. Medical rskinner, Margaret, Franiinglia~n,hldss. College, 477 1st Avenue, New York City *Smiley, Annette L., Forcmari State National Nichols, Ruth, 2201 Sherman Avenue, Evnns- Bank, Chicago, Ill. ton, Ill. 'Smith, Helen P , Baker L , Harvard Univ., loberfelder, Albert, 307 Fifth Avenue, New Boston, Mass. York City. Smith, ,Mrs. h1. G., Ln., U. S. Rubbcr Co., 'Ogram, Mrs. M. R , Sears, Roebuck Rc Com- General Laboratory, Passaic, N.J. pany, Chicago, Ill. *Snyder, Irma, Applied Arts L., Univ. Cin- tOhio University L., Athens, 0. cinnati, Cincinnati, 0. tOntario College of Education, I,. School, Stacbner, n'illiam H., 280 Henry Street, Toronto, Ont. nrooklyn, Mass. 'Ophuels, Louse, Ln., Lane Med~calL., San 'Staples, Martha, 7 Craigic Circle, Cambr~clge, Franc~sco,Calif. Mass. *Otten, Frances. L. American Tele~honeRc 'Stewart, Elizabeth, Kroger Grocery Baking Telegraph company, 195 Broadway, New Company, Cincinnati, 0. York Citv. 'Stockhan, Rae, Branch Ln.. Tremont Br., PACIFIC -GAS Rc ELECTRIC CO., San N. Y. Pub. L.. New York City. Francisco, Calif (Mrs. Agnes Reinero, Ln.) [Strong, Katherine, Cincinnati, Pub L , Cin- *Page, Gertrude, Bureau of Power Rc Light, cinnali, 0 Los Angcles, Calif. rSutro & Company, New York City. 'Parks, Mrs. Ruth, National Safety Council, Swayze, Marian L., \?'estern Elect~ic Co., 20 N. Wacker Dr~ve,Chicago, Ill. Kcarny, N. J. Payne, Florence, 144 Clifton Place, Syracuse, *'reass, Helen, Medical College L., Cincinnall, N.... Y.-. 0.-. 'Pearson, Dora, N \V. Wilson Co., New York rThompson, Frank, Trenton, N. J. City. *Thornton, Grace, liussell Sage Foundation, Peck, Eunice, Ln., Yale & Towne Company, 130 E 22nd Street, New York City. Stan~ford,Conn. rToronto Transportalion Co. L , Toronto, rPostal Telegraph Company, New York City. Ont. Price, Mdes O., Law L., Columbia Univ., New 'Trumbull, Elizal~eth M , \Yellesley, College York City. Art L , Stone Flall, fVellesley, Mass. *Prichard, Louise, Reference Ln , Univ Cin- tTularc County Free L., V~sal~.r,Calif. cinnati, Clncmnati, 0. rVan Cleave, Ruth, New Yorlc City [Reeves, M~riam,New York City Vandervclde, Mildred T., I.. & Research Dept., *Reik, Ella, Ohio Mechanics Inst., Cincmnati, Rotary International, 211 W. f\'aclter Drivc, 0. Chicago, Ill. Rcinau, Katharine, Shell Development Com- [Walker Bros., New York City. pany, Emeryville, Calif. 'Walker, Mae L., noston hfcd~calL., Boston, rReynolds, Alice, Cambridge, Mass. Mass. *Rigoli, Camille, Deprato I-. of Ecclesiastical d\Valker, Winifrcd, Newark, N. J. Art, 766 W. Adam St., Chicago, 111. *Warren, Syld, Mass. Inst. Tcclinology, Cam- *Rol~hins, Ruth, IIai-vard Engineering Sch. I~r~tlge,Mass. L., Pierce Hall, Cambridge, Mass r\\rashington, Law I.. Univ of, Seatrle, \Vash, *Robertson! Bruce, Ln., Management and Engmeer~ng Corp , 327 South La Salle *\\'atkins, Donna, Technology Dept., Iletroii Street, Chicago, Ill. Pull. L , Detroit, Micli. rRogers, Elizabeth, Cambridge. Mass. *H1ilby, Eleanor, 0 1-listolical c' lL'hil. I... *Rommelfanger, Olga, United Fruit Company, Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnill I, O Boston, Mass. *\\'ikon, Sarah, N. Y Acarleniy of hletl~cil~r, rRowntrec Cocoa Worke, York, England. 2 E. 103rcl Strect, New York City. *Savage! Agnes, Detroit Institute of Arts, Zorek, Mrs. Trcnc S., 1.11. I':ven~~~xCourlcr, Detrolt, Mich. Camden, N. J. Special Libraries

Vol. 22 FEBRUARY, 1931 No. 2 Abstracts in the Social Sciences* By Dr. F. Stuart Chapin, Editor-in-Chief, Social Science Abstracts. New York City HIS article describes a sequence of Bureau of Economic Research, The T the factors that I d up to the Harvard Committee on Economic Re- establishment of an in'? ernational co- search, various Bureaus of researcl~in operative effort in which more than government, The Russell Sage Founda- 1,700 scholars now participate. It tion and other institutional agencies. analyzes the process of organizing a The era of a free lance scholar in the scientific journal which will publish social sciences appears to be on the in 1930 some 15,000 abstracts, based wane. upon the systematic examination of The third background factor con- about 400,000 articles contained in sisted in the existence of successful 4,000 serials which are printed in 26 abstracting services in the physical languages. As a voluntary effort Social sciences, such as Biological Abslracts, Science Abstracts is of sufficient magni- Chemical Abslracls and Science Abstracts. tude and stability to be regarded as an The immediate threshold of the in- institution. vention and establishment. of Social The origin of Social Science Abstracts Science Abslracts embraces several or- can be interpreted only in the light of its ganizing efforts which converge in their historical background. Three major attempt to solve the problem of how to factors appear to constitute the im- make the enormous mass of complex porlant influences in this background. serial literature in the social sciences The first of these was the enormous accessible to the research scholar. The increase in the volume of scientific first of these factors in the immediate information published in the field of threshold was the existence of limited serial literature. During the twenty- abstract services in the American Jour?tal six years that elapsed between 1899 and of Sociology, illustrating a continuity 1925 the increase. in circulation in of effort since 1896, and in the American millions of copies per issue of monthlies Eco?tomic Review since 1911. A second and quarterlies was 174%. In 1927 the factor was the existence of a Committee Wilson Union List of Serials showed that on Social Abstracts of the American the libraries in the United States and Sociological Society which had been Canada contained the tremendous total active in a study of the problem since of 75,000 serials in all branches of 1919. The annual reports of this Com- periodical literature. To keep up to mittee are printed in the Ptlblicalions oj' date in the reading of this growing Ihe America71 Sociological Socieiy. A volume of scientific literature had be- third factor was the establishment in come a serious problem to all social 1923 of a Sub-committee on Bibliogra- scientists. phy in the Economic Sciences by the The second background factor was the Committee on Science and Bibliography institutionalization of social research. of the Committee on International In- Owing to the great complexity of modern tellectual Cooperation of the League of society and the vast amount of material Nations. During the period 1923/28 which must be examined before a this International Committee held generalization is vafid, it became neces- several meetings in Geneva and Paris. sary to organize research by setting up A fourth factor to the creation of a cooperative groups of scholars. This is comprehensive abstracting service in the illustrated in the creation of the National Social Sciences was the active interest

*resented at tho meetlng of tho Museum Won,Speelal Llbrarlea Adatlon. BuKajo, N. Y, June 4,1930. 40 SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 of the officials of the Laura Spelman be requested to appoint for each society Rockefeller Memorial in promoting at the time of its annual meeting in scientific research in the social sciences December, 1927, a cornrnittee of scholars and in the study of the problems of social charged with the responsibility first, relations. of drawing up for their held the frame- It was upon this historical background work of a practical scheme of classilica- that the culturc tralts essential to he tion of its subject matter, and second, new inst~tutionwere integrated. to advise with the organizing Committee The Committee on Social Science on Social Sczcncc Abslrocls in the AOslracls was reconstituted early in 1928 selection of editors and scholarly col- in order that the experience of the edi- laborators. Seven Committees were tors in thc different fields of the social accordingly appointed, one in each of sciences might be d~rectlyavailable in the following fields: Cultural Anthro- attempting to solve the considerable pology, Economics, Human Geography, problem of establishing this compre- Historv. Political Science. Sociolow hensive new journal F. Stuart Chapln and ~fitistics. It was suggested thva't was selected as Editor-in-Chief and fhe several classifications avoid logical was authorized to visit the leading re- and systematic formulations and con- search institutes in the social sciences centrate their efforts on the preparation ol the capitals of Europe during the of plans of classificatio~l which repre- summer of 1928, and to represent Social sented practical experience in research Sciem-e Abstracls officially at meetings in certain specific problems. The result of the Sub-Committee in International of the acceptance of this suggestion was Economic Bibliography of the League that controversies which would have of Nations at Geneva been ruinous to the enterprise at this Prior to this visit to Europe a partial stage were avoided. Carefully thought- editorial staff was selected to begin out plans of class~ficationwere turned work in June, 1928. It consisted of in by each Committee of specialists Robert M. Woodbury (Economics) As- to the general Committee on organiza- sociate Editor, Laverne Burchfield (Po- tion, and this Committee in its meetings litical Science) Assistant Editor, H. C. of the spring of 1928 succeeded in Engelbrecht (History) Assistant Editor. integrating the seven schemes into one The early work in Geography was done synthetic plan which, although it was by Elizabeth Platt. In December, 1928, obliged to con~promiseon many points, Virginia Dewey (Geography-Anthropol- did nevertheless provide for such basic ogy) joined the staff as Assistant Ed~tor. categories as the chronological, the During the winter 1928-29 Mildred functional and the geographic. The Palmer (Political Science) served as scheme of classification went through Assistant Editor, and Walther I. Brandt four drafts and its practicability is (History) as Associate Editor in the indicated by the fact that, extept. for spring and summer of 1929 to help minor modifications, it is still in opera- the organization over the peak load tion as a basis for the classification of of its first year's effort. materials printed in Soczal Science Ab- slracls. Librarians are naturally averse to One of the first difficulties to be sur- classifications which follow a schematic mounted was the problem of classifica- rather than an alphabetic order. The tion In some instances this had been a founders of Soc~al Science Abstracts rock upon which other international discussed not once, but several times, scholarly enterprises had split. The the advisability of an alphabetic ar- successful enterprises had avoided the rangement of categories, and decided danger by obtaining the support of that for the time being a schematic rcpresentative specialists in attacking order of material was advisable. This the problem As early as December, decision does not commit us to the 1027 the l~azarcls of the problem of schematic order for all time. Whenever rlassification were well recognized and the research workers who use the Ab- IL was then proposed that the secretaries stracts are ready for an alphabetic ar- of the several national learned societies rangement, the mechanical details of February, 193 1 SPECIAL. LIBRARIES 41 making the change will not prove to be League of Nations, Norway, Poland, an obstacle. In fact, the whole subject Russia and Switzerland. Each summer of classification will receive thorough at least one member of the editorial staff discussion at the Hanover Conference has visited some foreign country, and of the Social Science Research Council in this way direct contacts have been In September, 1930. Meanwhile, the established in many European countries annual indes of Vol I, 1929, will be and in Mesico. Besides this a continual published and the subject indes of some stream of visiting scholars from Europe, 35,000 entries will be strictly alpha- the Far East and from South America betical in arrangement. passes through our editorial offices. Our correspondence is extensive and reaches all parts of the world. Building the structure of Social Sci- The assumption upon which Social ence Abslrac~srequired more than the Stience Abslracls is based IS this: If a transfer of general procedures, it also considerable number of specialists will required the transfer of especially de- agree to send to a central office on re- vised techniques whenever these had quest abstracts of the important articles been perfected, and in order that need- that they would read in following the less waste of time should be avoided. regular course of their special interests How could a list of periodicals be ob- it would then be possible to pool the tained? was one question of very results with a minimum of effort and particular importance. Here we found expense and publish them in a common the U'ilso71 llnion List of Serials in- rnediun~to the mutual advantage of all. valuable and this great storehouse of The success of this assumption is in- information has been continuously dicated by the fact that even before any drawn on since the initial organization issue was published (No 1 of Vol. I of the enterprise. It was supplemented bearing the imprint of March, 1929 was by special lists obtamed from the Ost- published on February ZOth, 1929) there Europa Institut of the University of had accutnul~ltedin the editorial offices Breslau (900 titles), from the Institute over 3,000 abstracts. Furthermore, by of Economics anc! History of Copen- the spring of 1930 more than 1,500 hagen (174 titles), from the Anthro- scholars, representing all parts of the pological Museum at Leningrad (100 wo~ld,were cooperating by preparing titles), from the Institute of Economics abstracts. at Kiel (1500 titles) as well as from the Another transfer of policy from the kind cooperation of Individual scholars experience of other abstract service in Europe, the Far East and in South of international character was that of America. seeking to obtain the cooperation of What is the best procedure in assign- foreign scholars by making individual ing articles to be absirac~ed? This and cosmopolitan contacts rather than question was one of very considerable by semi-political connection tllrough practical importance and we saw an formal ~lational committees in each answer LO it in studying the experience nation. This policy succeeded in en- of the older abstracting services. Two listing the assistance and support of alternatives appeared to be practicable many of the leaders of thought and for the new enterprise. One was for research in social science in other parts the editors to select the tides of articles of the world, and avoided committing to be abstracted and then send the the new enterprise to any particular citations to scholars who had promised national school of thought. Perhaps to make abstracts. The other was to one indication of the wisdom of this asslgn responsibility for both the procedure is the fact that Social Science selection of the article and the abstract- Absfracis has subscriptions from 45 ing of it to one scholar by asking him to European nations, and collaborators in examine systematically all numbers of all parts of the civ~lizedworld. Indeed, one or more specialized journals. It the organized cooperation with groups was decided to try both methods. After of scholars covers Czechoslovakia, two years of operation we now have over China, Denmark, Italy, Japan, The 800 journals assigned to scholars, and 4s SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 the editorial staff itself examines titles abstractors, and the other of assigning in some 3,200 journals. responsibility for an entire journal to one scholar. The other abstract services MATERIALSCOVERED have the same problem and no conclu- Taking 3,000 periodicals in 26 lan- sions as yet have been reached other guages as the first year's total requiring than that the two methads are expedient examination, it can be conservatively in order to get the work done. estimated that 300,000 articles a year Let us now turn to the problem of appeared in these serials and required avoiding duplicates and making a per- consideration. The task of handline manent central record of all the material this enormous mass of material select- received. In justice to the hundreds of ively was performed by breaking up the scholars throughout the world who have problem. Some 1,200 of these periodicals responded so splendidly to our call for were accessible in the library of Colum- cooperation and who have generously bia University. Every morning two of given of their time in the preparation of our editors go to the accessions depart- abstracts, it is of utmost importance ment of the library, and before the that the editors keep faith with these periodicals are put on the shelves, their scholars by providing every guarantee contents are examined and titles which that is humanly possible that their efforts meet the test of selective criteria are will not be wasted because of duplicate marked for abstracting. 700 additional assignments. The problem of duplicates periodicals are covered at intervals in has been practically solved by the the same manner at the other libraries creation of a central record and clearing in New York City. 500 periodicals are house. It operates in this way: when a received in the editorial offices and title is selected to be abstracted, a similarly covered, but 600 journals are stenographer types a complete citation examined by responsible collaborators on a 3 x 5 green slip with a pink carbon. in other parts of the world. These As soon as the day's selection of titles scholars examine the contents and select has been typed in this way they are the titles worthy of abstracting. They taken to a central periodical file. In then make the abstracts and mail them this file there are especially designed to us. In this way' 48 Scandinavian cards, each one bearing the name, periodicals are covered by scholars at address, subject, etc. of one of the 4,000 the Institute of Economics and History periodicals now regularly examined. at Copenhagen; 100 Russian periodicals The typed titles are then cleared on this are covered by scholars at the Anthro- central file by the simple procedure of pological Museum in Leningrad; 12 noting on each periodical's card the Scandinavian periodicals are covered volume, year, issues, and the number at the Museum in Gotenberg; 24 period- of pages of each citation taken. It is icals in Polish are covered by scholars obvious that when a duplicate occurs, of the Sociological Institute of the there is a citation already written on University at Poznan; 60 periodicals are the card like the new citation. When covered by scholars at the University this duplicate is discovered it is im- of Geneva and the International Labor mediately traced down so that the title Office. A National Committee of Chin- is not assigned to two different people. ese scholars is preparing abstracts of If there is no duplicate, and, as a matter Chinese material and a National Com- of fact, the duplicates are now discovered mittee of Japanese scholars is doing at this stage of the process and so the same for Japanese periodicals. In avoided, then the pink and green slips addition to these contacts'with foreign hepunched. All punched pairs of slips research institutes and organizations a are then distributed to the editorial large number of journals are assigned to departments. This is done at least once individual scholars in the United States daily The editor in each department and in other countries. then classifies the titles so received by The editors have studied carefully the the subdivisions of his field. The more relative merits of the two procedures, general of these subdivisions are in- the one of making their own selection dicated in the Table of Contents of the of titles which are then assigned to monthly issues of the Abstracts. Febmnry. 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 43

with the best practice of professional Vol. I for 1929 was completed with the indexers. publication of the December issue in Scholars and librarians all over the December, 1929. This issue was a large civilized world have written us en- one and contained 1576 abstracts. In thusiastically welcoming the establish- the last 20 pages of this issue we printed ment of this vast international enter- an alphabetic list of the 3,000 serials prise in bibliography and abstracting. systematically examined in the prepara- The ways in which the abstracts are tion of Vol. I. I estimate that these used are innumerable and our monthly 3,000 serials contained 300,000 titles of issues carry testimonials of many sorts, articles. Of this vast number we se- but it may be of interest to know that lected 16839 as worth abstracting. Of besides social scientists and librarians, this total 12,260 abstracts were received the Abstracts are used by editors, heads from 1,300 abstractors distributed over of government departments, banks, in- the civilized world, and 11,093 were pub- surance companies, chambers of com- lished in Vol. I. The distribution of merce, research institutes, social workers these abstracts by subject was Geogra- and social agencies of many sorts. phy, 453 ; Anthropology, 399 ; History, THELARGER FUNCTION 2,962; Economics, 3,609; Political Sci- Science has progressed by virtue of ence, 1,862; Sociology, 1,608; Statistics, the principle of specialization, but this 200. trend has led to divergencies of such a Progress on Vol. I1 for 1930 shows marked nature that compartmentalism 9,865 abstracts published inclusive of has developed to a positively vicious the July 1930 issue. This indicates a degree. The question is how can the total for the twelve numbers of Vol. whole mass be drawn together? By I1 of 15,000 abstracts as compared with what means will it be possible to in- 11,093 for Vol. I. tegrate the work of critical specialists? Social Science Abslracls, in common with other great abstracting services, does In the monthly issues the abstracts this by printing the results of research are arranged in logical scheme of in one specialty in close juxtaposition classification desired by the scholars and in organic relationship with the who use the material. The finding de- results of other specialties. Thus there vices provided in each monthly issue is no offense given to the sensibilities are the alphabetic author's index and and habits of thought of the specialist the topical table of contents. We pub- and yet the evils of compartmentalism lish in each issue instructions on how to are also avoided. For the specialist may find materials. now read on the borderline of his The annual index will be the finding subject and pick up new leads. He may device par excellence. Preparation of this delve into the literature of allied subjects index is a gigantic task. It will be pub- and discover critical cross-lights on his lished in July 1930 for Vol. I, 1929. own. narrow interest. The synthetic There will be three parts: part I, an type of mind can draw together from alphabetic subject index of some 35,000 the broad record those elements that entries elaborately cross-referenced: part may integrate into a new and significant 11, the cumulated table of contents or unity. Scholars of different nations systematic index; and part 111, the and with different cultural heritages alphabetic author's index of about 9,000 may pool the results of their individual names. Since each abstract has a serial research in a common medium of inter- number from 1 to 11,093, it will be national language and scope. possible to trace down the contents of These larger functions, first dimly any abstract in several ways by use of seen at the beginning, now emerge out the subject index, and in supplementary of the detail of such practical and con- ways by use of the other indexes. This crete services as time saving, the avoid- index is a monumental work because it ance of duplication of effort and the represents for the first time an integra- making accessible of materials, and so tion of the rich and varied subject encourage us to believe that the abstract matter of the social sciences made by senrice will increasingly perform a val- echolara themselves and in accordance uable educational service. SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 The Problem of Unemployment* By Louis Bloch, Statistician, California Department of Industrial Relations NSECURITY of Employment is the driving hundreds of thousands of I greatest evil of modern industrial otherwise productive citizens into society; it is the curse of modern civiliza- poverty and bltter despair, sapping tion; it is the most damaging Indictment the very basis of national efficiency of our so-called capitalist society. and germinating the seeds of revolu- We have been making tremendous tion." progress in the production of economic Many volumes have been written on goods; we have developed gigantic and the subject of unen~ployn~entbefore uncanny machines which are speeding and sixe the report of this Commission, up output even beyond our expectations, the latest being the report on [Jnem- with the end of thls marvelous progress ployment in the Vnited States by the not yet in sight. But what have we done Senate Committee on Education and for the position of the workers in our Labor, published in 1929. This report, scheme of things? True enough, statis- as'well as other reports, which have tics of wages and the cost of living show preceded it are unanimous In their con- that the economic conditions of the clusions that no social problem is more wage-earner has improved one-third lmpostant than that of unemployment since 1914; but this improvement in and every effort must be made to do the economic status of workers applies away with the fear of losing one's job only to those who are fortunate enough which is the most demoralizing factor to be regularly employed. But what of in the lives of the workers. the millions of workers who are In CTCLITXI,UNEMPLOS~~EST constant dread of losing their jobs2 The causes and types of unemploy- What of the mental agonies and the ment may be divided into three classes, devastating fears of the hundreds of (1) cyclical, (2) seasonal, and (3) tecb- thousands of workers who are con- nological \Ire will briefly consider these stantly forced to look for employment types of unemployment In the first to keep their families from starvation? place, we have cyclical unemployment, which comes and goes at almost regular intervals, throwing millions of workers The problem of unen~ployment is out of employment and compelling not new; it is as old as is industrial them to resort to charity for their barest society itself. The M'alsh Commission necessaries of life We are too familiar on Industrial Relations of 1912, which with the recurrent periods of prosperity reported in 1915, had much to say con- which are always followed by periods of cerning this evil. This commission depression. We only need to mention found that unemployment was one of the latest panics of 1907, 1914, and 1921 the prime causes of industrial unrest. to bring to memory the armies of un- Said the Commission : employed who hopelessly tramped the "To be forced to accept employment street in vain search for honorable em- on conditions which are insufficient ployment. Bread lines and soup kitchens to maintain a decent livelihood is have been our method of alleviating the indeed a hardship, but to be unable dire distress among the unenlployed to get work on any terms whatever during such hard times. is a position of black despair. ***The It is indeed a sad commentary upon unemployed have been aptly called our social intelligence that within a 'The shifting sands beneath the century the frequency and severity State.' Surely, there is no condition of these depressions have not decreased. which more immediately demands In fact, while between 1825 and 1884, the attention of Congrcss than that a period of 59 years, the average of unemployment, which is annually frequency of cyclical depressions was *Addreas before tho C~v~cSocialGroup of Specral Libraries Association, Twenty-Second Annunl ConventLon, Clilt Hotel, Sun Fmnclsco, Juqe 20, 1930. February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 45

about 12 years, between 1884 and 1020, the extent of seasonal unemployment. a period of 36 years, the average fre- One investigation of the extent of such quency of cyclical depressions was 6 unemployment in urban centers between years. It has been estimated that during 1902 and 1917 shows that the minimum cyclical depressions as many as 25 annual number of unenlployed during per cent of workers are separated from these 15 years was 1,000,000, the average their jobs, depending upon the severity proportion of unemployed varying from of the depression. 16 per cent of the possible workers in In its report on Unemployment in the 1915 to 5 per cent of the possible total United States, the Senate Committee in 1917. on Education and Labor states that In 1924 the Russell Sage Foundation employment of labor in manufacturing estimated that in any one year the industries in 1920-1921 declined by as tninimum number of unemployed in the much as 25 to 30 per cent. According I!nited States is .1,000,000 reaching a to this report, maximum of 6,000,000 in years of "Factory employment during 1921 industrial depressions. fell to 76 per cent of its former peak. The Committee on Waste in Indus- Within manufacturing industries, tries of the Federated Engineering Ilowever, employment in the metal Societies, in its report published in 1921, and metal products industry declined stated that even in the most prosperous by 43 per cent while the producers years of 1917 and 1918, when all plants of mineral products, such as chem- were working to capacity, the number icals, stone, glass, etc., employed 18 of unemployed was over 1,000,000 and per cent fewer workers than at the that 1 out of 40 workers are atways height of activity. Employment in unemployed. the lumber industry declined 16 Examples of seasonal fluctuations in per cent; in transportation, the rail- enlployment may be found in practi- roads decreased their force by 22 per cally all industries and places in the cent; and the mining industry cut United States. I shall cite a few ex- its employment rolls by 27 per amples taken from Cahfornia manu- cent.*** Taking labor as a whole, facturing establishments. Seasonal un- the depression of 1921 forced out employment may be measured by taking of employment appro~imatelyone- the percentage which the minimum seventh of the working population, month ,of employment in any year is or approximately 4,000,000 who had of the maximum month of employn~ent jobs at the crest of the 1920 boom." in the same year. The figures that follow are for the year 1929. 1. A large glass factory which em- Seasonal unemployment is the un- ployed 589 workers in November, em- employment within employment wliid~ ployed in April of the same year only characterizes our methods of product~on 443 workers, or only 75 per cent of the Practicallv everv industrv is sufferine rnasimum emdoved. . in November. from irregharityof emplo$nent. ~uring 2. Another factory manufacturing some months of the year some plants porcelain products had 130 employees operate to full capacity working their in July and only 17 employees in De- men overtime at nerve wrecking speed, cember. The minimum number of while during other months of the year employees was only 13 per cent of the these plants are compelled to curtail masimum in this plant. production and send their workers looking for jobs elsewhere These ir- 3 A brick manufacturing estab- regularities of employment are too well lishment had 105 e~nployees in April known to require elaborate description and only 65 in August. The minimum and are present most notably in such number of employees in this plant was occupations as farming, coal mining, 62 per cent of the maximum. building, canning, lumbering, clothing, 4. In 'another plant, nianufacturing and other industries. concrete pipe, there were 481 workers Many government and private in- in December and only 200 in August vestigations have been made showing The minimum number of employees 46 SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 in this plant was only 42 per cent of the of 41 per cent in output per person em- maximum. ployed. 5. A garment factory, which em- The following instances of displace- ployed 138 workers in November em- ment of labor by this new industrial ployed only 78 workers in January. The revolution were cited before the Senate percentage which the minimum was of Committee on Education and Labor the maximum number of employees which held hearings during December, in this plant was 56. 1928 and January and February, 1929: 6. Another garment factory which "Seven men now do the work which employed 447 employees in September formerly required 60 to perform employed only 224 workers in July, in casting pig iron; 2 men now do or only 50 per cent of the maximum in the work which formerly required September. 128 to perform in loading pig iron; The problem of seasonal unemploy- 1 man replaces 42 in operating open- ment is primarily a problem of human hearth furnaces. relations in industry. While captains "In machine and railway repair shops of industry have devoted their energies 1 man replaces 25 skilled machinists to increasing production and lessening with a gang of 5 or 10 semi-automatic costs, they have paid but little attention machines; 4 men can now do in 3 to to human factors in production which 7 hours what it formerly took 8 demand regularization of employment men 3 weeks to perform in repair in individual plants. Attention to this work on locomotives, due to the problem is not only essential to the oxyacetylene torch. Fifteen years happiness and contentment of the work- ago it took 15 to 30 hours to turn ers but is also essential to greater one pair of locomotive tires; now it efficiency and more econon~ical pro- takes 8 hours to turn 6 pair with duction. the same number of men by use of modern processes. "A brick-making machine in Chicago We are now come to a consideration makes 40,000 bricks per hour. It of the latest form of unemployment formerly took one man 8 hours to which is caused by the mechanization make 450. of industry and which has been most pronounced since the close of the World "The most up-to-date automatic bot- War. According to the United States tle-making machine makes in 1 hour Department of Commerce the outstand- what it would take more than 41 ing fact of American industry is its workers to make by hand in the ever increasing efficiency. Thus, during manufacture of 4-ounce oval pre- the first quarter of the present century, scription bottles. In 25 ad40 watt the number of wage earners in our electric bulbs the man-hour output manufacturing industries increased of the automatic machine is more about 88 per cent while factory pro- than thirty-one times that of the duction increased by 178 per cent. hand process. From 1899 to 1925 production per wage "In New York from 1914 to 1925 the earner increased 48 per cent. number of workers in the paper-box Owing to the introduction of labor industry decreased 32 per cent, saving devices the physical volume of while the output per wage earner production in manufacturing industries increased 121 per cent." increased 29 per cent between 1919- 1925 but the number of persons en- gaged in these industries declined, during Technological unemployment is the the same period, by 9 per cent. This substitution of horse-power for man- decline of 9 per cent in the number of power. Evidence of this substitution persons employed was accompanied by in the United States and in the State an increase of 22 per cent in the use of of California is presented in the fol- primary horse power and by an increase lowing tabulation : SPECIAL LIBRARIES 47

Per Cent of Increase or in warehouses, timekeepers in steel (-) Decrease plants, and clerks in meat markets. Wage Rotary press operators were pressing Earners Horsepower clothes in tailor shops. Welding machine United States operators had become farm hands, and skilled woodworkers were mixing salves 1899-1925 (25 yrs) 79 9 256 5 for patent medicine manufacturers. "A 1919-1925 (6 yra) -6.8 22.0 significant number of the 800 admitted 1923-1925 (2 yrs) -4 5 8.1 frankly that after some months of en- California forced loafing they had taken to boot- 1899-1925 (25 yrs) 225.1 803.9 legging." 1919-1925 (6 yrs) 3 .O 49.8 1923-1925 (2 yrs) 1.4 16,7 Elaborate statistics are unnecessary .The decline of 7 per cent in the num- to show that we are at the present time ber of wage earners between 1919-1925 going through a period of widespread was accompanied by an increase of 29 unemployment. Accurate statistics as per cent in the physical volume of to the extent of this unemployment are production, by an increase of 22 per cent not available. Estimates as to the num- in the use of primary horsepower and ber of unemployed vary, but whatever by an increase of 41 per cent in the out- the exact number of unemployed, the put per person employed. fact of unemployment is too well known in all parts of the United States. What becomes of the men displaced by machines? An answer to this question While we do not have facts concerning is also found in the report on Unemploy- the actual number of persons unem- ment in the United States by the Senate ployed and looking for work, we do have Committee on Education and Labor, to data which show changes in employ- which I have already referred. Ac- ment conditions.* The latest figures cording to this authoritative report, released by the Bureau of Labor. Sta- newer industries, such as artificial silk, tistics of the United States, Department radios, automobiles, oil products, etc., of Labor show that the number of per- do not absorb the displaced man and sons employed in manufacturing es- women as rapidly as is commonly sup- tablishments in March, 1930 was only posed. 91 per cent of the average monthly number employed in 1926; or, in other An investigation recently made by the words, 9 per cent less persons were em- Institute of Economics of the Brookings ployed in March, 1930, compared with Institute reveals that most of the dis- the monthly averages in 1926. The placed workers have great difficulty in Federal Bureau of Labor Statistics finding other work. Of the 800 un- also shows that in March, 1930, com- employed interviewed in this investiga- pared with March, 1929, there was a tion, one-half had still been out of decrease of 9 per cent in the number of jobs for more than three months, 8 wage earners employed in manufactur- per cent had been out of work for a year, ing establishments in the United States and only 10 per cent had been suc- and a decrease of 13 per cent in the total cessful in finding employment within a amount of payroll in these establish- month. ments. According to this Bureau, the But the kinds of jobs secured by index of employment on Class I steam those who were displaced were not railroads in February, 1930 was 85, always the jobs for which their training which represents a decrease of 15 per and experience had fitted them. Thus, cent when compared with the average trained clothing cutters had become monthly number employed on such rail- gasoline station attendants, watchmen roads in 1926.

+Since the preeentntlon of thls addrea the Unlted Stat= Government has completed e census of the unem loyed and prelimlnnry Rgures rncelvcd by the Ed~toron August 28 1930 showed that the total number of persons unualg vorMnt at s painful oecup~tlonwho was reported in Apd, 1980, M without n job, able to work and looking lor r lob, amounted to 8,608,161. Ed. 48 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Februq, 1931

The June, 1930 issuc of the California tained a system of free nation-wide Labor Market Bulletin, published by employment offices, operated in co- the Division of Labor Statistics and operation with the State employment Law Enforcement of the California services. t Department of Industrial Relations, shows that in May, 1930, compared 3. The third measure, S.3061, pro- with May, 1929, there was a decrease vides for the more extensive collection of 12 per cent in employment and 14 of data relating to employment and un- per cent in the amount of payroll in employment by the United States De- California manufacturing establish- partment of Labor.$ ments. Further evidence of lack of These three measures are important ,employment in our own state is shown steps in combating the problem of un- by the placements made by the ten employed. California state free employment agen- 4 A very important remedy sug- cies located in ten different cities. In gested is that which puts the responsi- May, 1929, these offices filled 13,699 b~lity of unemployment upon each jobs, but ill May, 1930, the number of industrial establishtnent Employers jobs filled was only lO,GYS, a decrease of labor are urgccl to pay attention to of 22 per cent the problem of irregular employment in their own plants and seek ways and means of regularizing work for their The summary statistics presented crnployees. Numerous industrial plants in this paper are illustrative ol the throughout the United States have importance of the problem of cyclical, already accomplished this purpose and seasonal and technological u nemploy- have thereby demonstrated the feas- ment. I shall now enumerate some of ibility of attacking the problem in th~s the remedies suggested to do away with manner. this economic evil. I would first call your attention to 5. Another remedy suggested is the three unemployment measures intro- introduction of the five-day week in all duced by Senator Robert Wagner of New American industries. It is urged that York, namely, S.3059, S.3060, and S.30- this measure would give work to more 61. These bills have already been passed people. Many employers of labor have by the Senate but are still pending already introduced the live-day week, before the House of Representatives and its universal adoption should be urged. 1. One of these three measures, S.3059, is intended to provide for the 6. Perhaps the most effective step advance planning and regulated con- that should be taken in our efforts to struction of certain public works, for the do away with the unemployment is to stabilization of industry, and for the amend the Constitutiorl of the United prevention of unemployment during States to give Congress the power to periods of business depression. This pass such legislation as it may deem measure mould approprrate not in excess necessary to combat periods of bus~ness oC S150,000,000 in any one fiscal year depression and unemployment. Un- for expenditure on public works during employment is a national problem and periods of business depression.* must be dealt with accordingly. At the present time Congress is handicapped 2. Another measure, S 3060, would Ily constitutional limitations and is create a national employment service unable to adopt certain measures which in the United States Department of would be effective in doing away with Labor, under which would be main- the evil of unemployment.

*Th~sbill passed the Housc, but the Senate Indd to concur nnd naked lo1 a conlerence There was no ngrcernent and Iiie b~llwas lost Ed. tThis bdl did not pnsn e~therhouse ol Congresn. Ed tThm bill passed Congress and was approved by the President on July 7. 1980. Ed. February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 49 Research one has ever solved anything in a research laboratory. It is solved in a PECIAL librarians should read a man's head. The research laboratory worth while article by Charles F. is the means through which likely ideas SKettering, Vice-president of the General may be made practicable." Motors Corporation and General Di- rector of the General Motors Research Laboratories, which appears in the An Insurance Library Execulives Service Bulletzn, October, 1930, published by the Policyholders HE Hardware Mutual Casualty Service Bureau of the Metropolitan Company at Stevens Point, Wis- Life Insurance Company. The article consin,T has always had a collection of entitled "This Thing Called Research," business books and periodicals available discusses the shifting change in people's for its employes, but only within the lives and habits that causes the need past few years has this collection been for research and the marked changes placed in charge of a librarian. The which research produces upon business material can be grouped as follows: conditions. 1. A legal library which includes re- Mr. Kettering states: "The world porters, statutes, digests, dictionaries, hates change, yet it is the only thing and textbooks. These are arranged that has ever brought progress. The alphabetically within four classes. problem of instilling into industry the. 2. A collection of books on insurance, importance of systematic change-mak- particularly casualty insurance, and ing which will keep step with everyday business. These are classified by recent progress of the scientific world, is one expansions of the 331, 368, 651 and 658 of the greatest contributions that re- classes of the Dewey Decimal System. search can make." 3. A collection of,pamphlets, clippings, Mr. Kettering continues: "Let us and government publicati0,ns arranged assume there is an excuse for research. by subject in vertical files. What kind of research is it that you The periodical subscription list includes want? Do you want a research depart- more than fifty insurance and business ment with a nice brass rail around it publications! which are routed and later which should be charged up as an ad- bound or clipped. The library supple- vertising luxury? Or do you want the ments its collection by Ioans from the kind that fits into your particular busi- Extension Division of the University of ness, helps outline its future policies Wisconsin and from other special li- so that the company will grow from year braries. Material can be used in the to year to a better position, so that it reading room or can be sent to any will better its products? Those are the department by messenger service, which two choices and, if your research de- is scheduled every twenty minutes partment doesn't pay something or lay during office hours. a foundation for the business, it is a Both the reading roam and the li- white elephant. Personally, I wanL brarian's ofice are furnished in olive industry .to consider research as a self- green steel equipment. Library pub- sustaining operating department. Mis- licity is secured by the use of bulletin directed research is as bad as no research boards throughout the building, per- at all. Some people seem to think re- sonal memorandums, and a library page search is a panacea for all the ills of in "Casualite," the company house modern industry. All the 'concern has organ. to do is set up a laboratory, hire engi- The staff numbers one librarian, who neers, and its future prosperity is serves all departments of the Home assured. But nothing could be more Office and the various branch offices. ridiculous. Before the research comes She selects and circdates valuable the problem and not vice-versa. We books, reviews periodicals, and provides have a great tendency these days to set general reference and information ser- the cart before the horse." vice. In addition she purchases personal He also states: "The research prob- copies of books for employes of the lem is not solved with apparatus. No company. 50 SPECIAL LIBRARIES mitorial Board EDITOR, Hubert 0. Brigham, State Library, Providence, R. I. Associate Editors D. N. Handy, Insurance Library Association of Boston; M. E. Pellett, Library The Port of New York Authority; Rebecca B. Rankin, Municipal Referenhe Library, New York City. Department Editors Charlotte L. Carmody, Department of Commerce Library, Washington, D. C. Ethel Cleland, Business Branch, Public Library, Indianapolis, Ind. Thomas Cowles, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Cal. Elizabeth 0.Cullen, Bureau of Railway Economics, Washington, D. C. Louise Keller, Independence Bureau, Philadelphia, Pa. Marian C. Manley, Business Branch, Public Library, Newark, N. J. Emilie Mueser, Engineering Societies Library, New York City. A. A. Slobod, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. The Cleveland Convention HE Cleveland Convention Committee is working "days, nights, and Sundays" T making plans for the Conference to be held in Cleveland, June 10-12. Miss Rose L. Vormelker, Business Reference Librarian, Cleveland Public Library, is Chairman. Other members of he Committee are: Miss Ruth Barber, Federal Reserve Bank -Secretary-Treasurer of the Cleveland Chapter ; Miss Emma M. Boyer, Union Trust Company-Hospitality; Miss Alta B. Claflin, Fedei-a1 Reserve Bank-Pro- gram; Miss Mary H. Clark, Municipal Reference Library-Printing; Miss Gladys R. Haskin, Cleveland School of Art; Miss Edythe A. Prouty, Supervisor of Stations, Cleveland Public Library; Miss Helen G. Prouty, Commonwealth Securities, 1nc.- Information; Miss Nell G. Sill, Cleveland Museum of Art-President of the Cleve- land Chapter; Miss Mildred Stewart, Technology Division, Cleveland Public Library-Registration; Miss Minnie W. Taylor, Cleveland Museum of Natural History-Publicity; Miss Elizabeth W. Willingham, Y. M. C. A,, School of Tech- nology-Vice-president of the Cleveland Chapter. Miss Claflin and her committee are planning a splendid program, details of which will be announced as definite arrangements are completed. The Hotel Cleveland, a part of the Terminal Group, is the Convention head- quarters. Reservations should be made with the Hotel at an early date. Cleve- Land is waiting to welcome you! Minnie W. Taylor, Chairman, Committee on Convention Publicity. * * * N another column we review at some length the new Library Quarterly which comes from the press after eleborate heralding as the new scholarly journal of research.I We hope that subsequent issues will more nearly achieve its high purpose. Dr. Williamson's opening article is wordy and many of our readers will feel that he has done an injustice to general and library research by his pessimistic comments. In his fling at library periodicals now in the field he has apparently ignored reader demand, which, after all, is considered to be an important factor in periodical circulation. If SPECIAL LIBRARIES leaves out personal notes from one issue or fails to include news from various associations, criticisms appear within a few days after the issuance of the magazine. We will take his comments to heart and try to eliminate the trivial from our columns. SPECIAL LIBRARIES President's Message

E are just mid-way in the work of the association for the year. From the be- w ginning in San Francisco we have walked in the middle of the road. Some of our newer members may not realize that we are affiliated with the American Library Association. Because we are an affiliated organization the presi- dent of the Special Libraries Association is the representative in the American Library Association Council. We went to Los Angeles for this very reason. The Mid-Winter meetings of the American Library Association have always had a strong attraction for your president who has attended the sessions quite regularly. This year as your representative we have listened hard at the sessions which were held at The Drake in Chicago, December 29-31. On the sidelines we were delighted to see some of the members from the Illinois Chapter and three from the Cincinnati Chapter. Some of our members from other states, including Massachusetts and Missouri were represented. We wish you might all have watched President Strohm preside and heard his rapid-fire comments. Several years ago the Pittsburgh Chapter asked me to speak in Pittsburgh. It was not possible. Last fall they asked me to come again not realizing that they had a circuit-riding president who planned on holding a board meeting there on February twenty-third. The Pittsburgh Chapter will entertain the Cleveland Chapter at dinner that evening. To those of you who sent holiday greetings, my cordial thanks. I want to men- tion particularly the Christmas greeting which the members of our newest and youngest chapter, Cincinnati, signed at their December meeting. Making your plans for Cleveland, June 10-12? MARGARETREYNOLDS. January 15, 1931.

ISS Mary E. Ahern is rapidly recovering from the eye trouble which was M erroneously reported as being far more serious than it really was. We extend to our fellow editor best wishes for a complete restoration of the eyes, which in editorial work are such an essential requisite. * * * ISS Margaret Reynolds, President of the Association, is anxious to obtain M information concerning bulletins published by special libraries which index material in magazines or newspapers. Miss Reynolds would be glad to receive one or two copies of these publications. She should be addressed at the First Wis- consin National Bank, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

HE American Library Association will hold its fifty-third annual conference at New Haven, Connecticut, from June 22 to 27. The new Sterling Library atT Yale University will be completed and one of the outstanding places to visit while in New Haven.

HE National Association of State Libraries will hold its forthcoming con- ference at New Haven, Connecticut, in conjunction with the A. L. A. during Tthe week beginning June 22d. We shall print in future issues of SPECIAL LI- BRARIES an outline of the program. SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 The Library Quarterly The Library Quarterly, sponsored by the requirements of contributions to knowledge A. L. A., strongly endowed by the Carnegie through original research. He believes that Foundation and organized with a managing these publications consist of current news, editor, six associate editors and fourteen ad- gossip, scraps of bibliographical and literary vlsory editors, made its in~tialappearance in information, and mteresting sometimes 111- January. Planned as a scholarly journal of formative addresses, lacking results of scientific research, or as the sub-title states, "A Journal study. of Investigation and D~scussion in the Field Ten more pages of the magazine present to of Library Science," it offers 120 pages of solid the librarian Dr. Williamson's aolution of the reading matter. problem. In conclusion he points out that the The leading art~cle by Dr. Willian~son, librarian, in spite of the fact that he may not ent~tled"The Place of Research in Library engage in serious research, should be able to Serv~ce,"is an attempt to justify the value of grasp ' readily the sign~ficance of scientific research on the part of the librarian: The writer studies made by others. is somewhat pessimistic and believes that ,Another lengthy art~cledescribes the Grad- libraries are not doing their jobs much better uate Library School at Chicago with a lmt of than they did ten or even twenty years ago problems considered by the school during the and notes that ~t is difficult to detect improve- per~od1928-1930, but none of these problems ment in the professional status of the librarian would especially interest special librarians. He urges the applicat~on of the spirit and The Service Loads of Library-School Faculties" method of research enabling the library to is a h~ghlytechn~cal article and dpubtless will become a social institution and educational be of value to the library school group. Other force When he coniments upon the library articles included are an excellent statement field he is even more pessim~stic,110 money concerning the consultants at the National appropriated for research in library service, Library by Dr. Putnam; relationship between no one studying problems of library service, the Carnegie corporation and the graduate no research fellowships, no research professor- library school by Dr. Keppel; a lengthy article sh~ps,no journal presenting reports of research on the relation of the college library to recent studies except In popularized form. He hardly movements in higher education; a readable finds justification for the words "library sci- story concerning visits to Roman l~brariesand ence." He finds a hopeful sign in the prospect a statistical study of book sources for foreigners that the new library journal, with lts appro- in the public library. priation of twenty-five thousand dollars, will The magazine concludes with a review of a remedy matters. He considers that the l~brary group of books of interest to librarians issued period~cals now In existence do not meet the wthin the last three years.

Directory Publications At the Sar~Francisco meeting of the Spec~al the publication committee, the general heading Librar~esAssociation, problems in connect~on "Directories" IS now included as well. Miss with the trade directory collection were dis- Claribel R. Barnett, l~brarian of the U. S. cussed before the Commercial-Technical Group Department of Agriculture, is chairman of a by MISSSattle E. Warn of the Newark Business Sub-committee of the Conimercial-Techncial Branch. The fact that there was no annual Group to co-operate with Mr. Sawyer in list of trade and general directories with any securing information on new editions of these pretentions to completeness was presented and directories The committeg will be composed as a result it was suggested that the Com- of members closely in touch with new pub- mercial-Techn~cal Group take steps to secure licat~onsin this field. The result of this step the publication of such a list. is that through P. A. I. S. there is available a weekly record of new directory publications Public Affa~rsInformat~on Service Bulletin under that heading where before they were has always listed, under their subject head~ngs, listed only by subject, and in the annual volume a great number of these directories. Through there will be a check list of publications of this the co-operation of Mr. Sawyer, chairman of tY Pe. February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Research Activities

The Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, The Executives Service Bulletin of the Pittsburgh, recently announced plans for a new Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, issued building which will occupy the site of the by the Policyholders Serv~ceBureau, gives Institute's Bu~ldmgNo. 2. It will be an at- considerable space in recent numbers to the tractive structure built upon classical lmes problems of research. In the September issue and will provide ample space for housing the "The Value of Technological Research" is mdustrial Fellowships. These added facilities discussed by Arthur D. Little, well known for handling its work will enable the Institute chemical engineer. The October number pre- to conduct its problems with a greater degree sents a leader article ent~tled "This Thing of efficiency and will give more commodious Called Research" by Charles F. Kettering of quarters for the general departments. The the General Motors Corporation. In the present library contains 11,000 volumes; the November Issue President Phelps of the Ameri- new library IS planned to accommodate 250,000 can Can Company discusses "Mergers" with volumes The facd~tiesof the Chemistry De- the sub-title "Not Economic Aladdin's Lamps." partment will be expanded and a special roo'm While not str~ctlya research subject, it ~llus- set aside for invest~gationsand experimentation. trates certain important corporate problems. The current number presents an article by Lord Melchett of the Imperial Chemical In- The field of educational research is the sub- dusmes, Ltd. on "Econon~icStabilization." ject of a b~bliography prepared by Ecl~thA. *** Wright of the Library Division, U. S. Office of *The annual report of the Bureau of Foreign Education. The bibl~ography is ~ssued as and Domestic Commerce for the year endmg Bulletin, 1930, No. 23 and is entitled "Bib- June 30, 1930, shows the great amount of re- liography of Research Studies in Education, search which this invaluable Bureau of the 1928-1929." This is the third attempt to pre- government is conducting. Among the note- sent this material In one volume. The first worthy reports which have come from the volume was issued in 1928 as No. 22; the Bureau are the Market Data Handbook of thc second in 1929 as No. 36. The material in the United States which won the Harvard award volume also supplements the bibliography of in advertising research, the Commercial Sur- masters' and doctors' theses In education, 1927, vey of New Eng!anrl and the Commercial Sur- ~ssuedby the Bureau of Educational Research vey of the Pacific Southwest. at the University of Illinois. Quite a number The Bureau has prepared several cost-of- of subjects of interest to general libraries are d~str~butionresearches in the field of wholesale included in the volume and an author and dry-goods, paints and electrical appliances. subject index is appended. The report notes the vast amount of research conducted by the various departn~entsof the United States Government and the non-govern- The Un~ted States Department of Agri- n~entalorganizations which are applicable to culture continues to issue valuable bibliogra. business. The Bureau has organized a central phies on agr~cultural subjects Thc latest clearing house for the results of authoritative publication; prepared by Everett E. Edwards. business research. This section of the Bureau Assoc~ateAgr~cultural Economist, Division of endeavors to analyze available information Statist~caland Historical Research, Bureau of from all sources, to co-ordinate the results Agr~culturalEconomics, is a bibliography of of busmess research which will apply to each the history of agriculture in the United States question, and to put the inquirer in touch with The subject matter covers the first three experts In any department of the government decades of this century and ~ncludesonly the whose work bears upon the problem submitted. pertinent Items in publications of state de- Th~sis only a small cross-section of the im- partments of agriculture and In agricultural portant work conducted by this Bureau. periodicals Brief annotations follow the more *** ~mportant entries and on certain topics of To appreciate the scope of modern research interest, such as the agricultural bloc, farm read "Industr~alResearch. Preferred" in Forbes for January 1, 1931. The author, Mnurice relief legislation, the McNary-Haughen move- Holland, director Dwision of Engineering and ment and other items, the material wdl be of Industrial Research Council, knows his sub- unusual value to special librarians. ject. SPECIAL LIBRARIES Fa*, 1931 Classification and Indexing Louise Keller and Emilie Mueser, Department Editors Advisory Council Florence Bradley, Constance Beal, Harriet D. MacPherson, Isabel Rhodee and Kathrine Malterud From a survey of professional literature on following symposium is therefore presented. library records, it is evident that the shelf list A, many different types of special library as has not received its due share of attention. possible have been besides one article With a view to emphasizing some of the special and less known functions of the shelf list, the from the teaching point of view' Shelf List Symposium HE combined order and shelf-list card N our library the shelf list in housed in the T method is used in this library. The order I same cabinet as the catalog, so it is an easy cards are made out giving the author's name matter to turn from one to the other. as taken from the recommendation slip, as Noticing that at times the shelf list, was ueed well as the title, and publisher. Doubtful in preference to the catalog, it occurred to me entries are checked yhen possible in biblio- that the shelf list cards could be used to cut graphical aids. Library of Congress cards are down cataloging time. Wherever the class is ordered and the order cards filed. Upon rece~pt such that all, or nearly all of the books would of the book, price, etc., are added. The card have the same main subject headmg, a general now ceases to be an order card and becomes a reference is made from that heading to the shelf-list. The book is classified and cataloged, particular class in the shelf list. The subject and the shelf-list is filed as a permanent library heading is traced on the back of the main entry record card, but is followed by an X. Secondary This method of combining order and ehelf- subject cards are made as usual. list saves time and duplicat~on of records. The rule can not be applied to the more The shelf-list records information not usually general classes, yet in spite of the fact that it kept unless an accession book or a duplicate has brought about as full an entry for the shelf order file is maintained. Much cataloging list cards as for the catalog cards, it has made information 1s verified through bibliographical a real economy in cataloging time, without aids when the order card is made and the hindering the reference work. Many times it Library of Congress cards have been ordered. is not necessary to obtain full details from the ' Wh~le this process retards order work, the catalog, it being sufficient to learn the location cataloging goes more speedily for new books on the shelves of the class to be consulted, and because necessary verification has been done then run over the entries back of the reference and L. C. cards are ready for the book. Such card for the exceptions not filed with the class careful verification of entry before the book Engineering Library arrives requires close as so cia ti or^ between the order and catalog departments. one library totaling approximately 31,000 The system often proves inadequate and INvolumes the shelf hst represents not only inaccurate when it 1s not possible to verify the current collection of books and bound the entry before the book is received. The shelf- volumes filed in the library and the several 1st entry should correspond with the catalog departments of the institution, but also records entry and Cutter number; therefore, the shelf- accessions now discarded. As 2 x 5 cards are list must often be rewritten or changed to make used the author entry is in secondary form the entries identical. This results in permanent followed by brief title, the volumes or edition, records which are not always neat. The and the date of publication. The accession larger sized card used in this library to contam number for each copy is then added. Arbitrary sbelf-list and order information makes a very letter symbols placed above accession numbers bulky file. There is some question as to ind~cate copies filed in other departments; whether the seldom consulted order tnforma- copies not somarkedfiled in the library. When a tion might better be preserved elsewhere. book or copy is lost or discarded, the necemary College Library. notation h made on the rheli list card-thus Febm, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 55

if copy one has been discarded a capital "D" the File Department has already wasted a in red is placed over cop. 1; if copy five has been part of the time required to make the record lost, "Loat" in red is printed over cop. 5, and cards. in the latter case if a book has been paid for Insurance Library. the legend reads "Lost & pd. for," while on the reverse of the card is penciled the name of the borrower, the copy number and the date HE shelf list is such a vital record in any of payment. Shelf list cards for reference books T library that the teaching of it must be do not appear in this file but in a separate one. included in the library school curriculum. But The call number for such books is capped by a to what course does the shelf list legitimately capital "R" in red, but the treatment is other- belong? It might well be included with the wise the aame as for circulating or department teaching of cataloging, of classification, of books. general library records, or even with order work Arranged by call numbers the shelf list is in cases where there is a combined order and occasionally used by the staff as a classed shelf record. catalog, but it is not available to the public Quite apart from its connection with cata- for this purpose. It is also used in the taking loging or classification, the shelf list becomes of inventory as it is both the key to the position indispensable whenever an inventory is taken. of the books upon the shelves and a complete Lost or missmg books are generally made note record of the volumes added to and still re- of first through the shelf list. Then shelf llst maining in the library. trays are always in demand by the circulation Sociological Library. department, particularly in closed shelf li- braries. If a page has failed to find a book on the shelf, and the call number on the catalog asupplyof somethreedozendifferent IVEN card is in question, the shelf list must be con- pamphlets and leaflets used as letter en- G sulted for verification. closures, how was one to keep them readily accessible for any one to use. Title arrange- If an order or accession record is combined ment was impossible, as the titles were not with the shelf list, a much fuller form of card of the kind readily memorized. Author ar- has to be used than normally. But how full is rangement was equally as d~fficultto apply, a normal shelf list card? Certainly the call many pamphlets being of the type which drives number must be there, the author's name in a cataloging class distracted. A simple subject at least secondary fulness, a brief title, and the arrangement seemed the only solution, but date. Also if accession numbers are used, or even this brought about irritating moments. the book is in more than one volun~e,such To avoid these, we made a shelf list (rather a additional information should be added. Many file list), in which an actual sample of the libraries make the shelf liat form part of the pamphlets replaced the well known card record. unit card system, so that this record is an The sample pamphlets are filed in order in a exact duplicate of the main author card. If, ring book, with tabbed leaves marking the in addition, certain order or accession records classes. This is much more readily consulted are added, such as date of ordering, date of than the actual files, and all is quiet on that arrival in the Ilbrary, and date of binding, the front of the Library. shelf list indeed becomes a full card. As the result of this, and other little con- The ordinary cataloger frequently makes the veniences, the librarian is occasionally con- shelf list card, or indicates how it ie to be formed sulted about matters in other departments. from the author card. In addition, he may Our latest suggestion to Business ia, that consult the shelf list for a record of volumes, anything so vital as the policy folders of our comparing it with the catalog card ih case of clients should have a record in the File De- doubt. Aside from this, however, the cataloger partment, which would permit a rapid check- is not so intensely interested in the shelf list up to be made, and for certain purposes be as one might imagine. It is the classifier who accepted in place of the folders. We had in makes constant use of the shelf list, whether mind our old friend the shelf list, a card far or not he himself assigns the Cutter numbers every folder, and on each card just as much and finally files each new card in its particular information as is necessary to identify the tray. Since the shelf list is filed according to folder, and to allow of its contents being re- the classification syatem of a library, and not placed should it be lost. We fear Business is in alphabetical order, it is the classifier who going to shy at so much red tape, but we know really decides where a certain shelf liat card 56 SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931

is to etand in relation to other cards, just as It is evident, therefore, that some mention he decides where the book which this card of the shelf list must be made in connection represents is to be shelved in rela~~onto other with nearly every subject taught in a first year books. More than thls, the shelf list, particular- library school course. The real ,question is to ly in the large I~brary,compr~ses one of the select the course In whlch the underlying prin- classifier's most important tools. Experienced ciples and form of the shelf list are to be em- classifiers are frequently heard to remark that phasized Probably this could be done most they do their classifying far more from the easily in a cataloging course, when teaching shelf list than from any printed classification the different forms of cards, though the ar- schedules, like Dewey or the Library of Con- rangement of the shelf l~stwill certainly have gress. If he knows his field, the class~fierin a to be stressed in connection w~thclassiticntion. closely classified library immediately consults At some future time, when there is a likelihood the shelf list to see ~f the book In hand will fit of the universal adoption of a cornbinat~on exactly into the place where he will find all cataloging and classification course, thie prob- similar books I~sted.If not, he searches through lem may take care of itself. the surrounding territory for a better place. Teacher in a Library Schobl. Digest of Business Book Reviews Cornpiled by the Staff of the Newark Business Branch Library

Bangs, J. R., Jr. Industrial accounting for "Essentials of accounting principles and pro- executives. McGraw-Hill, 1930. $5.00. cedures as a fundamental requirement for administrative train~ng." System, August, "It is perhaps a touch of misfortune that 1930, p. 133. 30 words. the title of this book was not 'Industrial Ac- counting for Engineers ' It probably woulcl Bezanson, Anne and Hussey, Miriam. have sold as well, for there are any number of Wage methods and selling costs. U. of engineers who know nothing about accounting Penn. Press, 1930. 54.50. but who would like to " American Accountant, October, 1930, p. 47 1. 680 words. "A statement of the opin~onsof executives "I should recommend ~t as a text only in on the adm~nistrat~ved~fficulties in operating schools giving a thorough course in accounting their own fornls of compensation ia also in- to engineers. The book would also be useful cluded Numerous tables and charts comple- to Instructors for its numerous d~agrammatic merit the text of this comprehensive study." ~llustrationswh~ch are excellent, even though Management Review, December, 1930, p. 422. it would seem that a few are too ir~tricatefor 130 words. the bcginner " David Mimmelblau. American "lt is a thorough and scholarly presentation Economic Review, September, 1930, p. 507 of a subject that heretofore has been much 90 words. neglected." Nation's Business, October, 1930, "The diagrammatic ledger form of presenta- p. 186 56 words. tlon is of especial value, whether the book is "A study of salespeople's compensalion. to be used as a text for students or to enable Undertaken by the Industrial Research De- the busy executive to gain a first-hand knowl- partment of the Wharton School of Finance edge of the subject. Excellent treatment of and Commerce, in cooperation with the the subject of standard costs and a very in- National Retail Dry Goods Association." teresting chapter on the use of modern ac- System, August, 1930, p. 133. 35 words, counting machinery are but two of many." H. P. Dutton Factory and Industrial Man- Bowers, E. L. Is it safe to work? Houghton agement, May, 1930, p. 1098. 140 words. Millin, 1930. $2.50. , "The author expounds fully all pertinent ". . . In truth the smug satisfaction re- subjects of general and cost accounhg in such garding workmen's compensation which has a manner that it leaves very little contest in long prevailed among employers and ad- the nmds of either the accountant or engineer ministrators is wholly unjustified. The great on the principles of good accounting practice." merit of this new book 1s that it brings home J. E. Hughes. Management Review, November, this truth and provokes thought as to how the 1930,p. 391. 750 words. compensation laws can be made to serve better February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 57 the purposes for which they were intended." Church, A. H. Overhead expense. E. E. Witte. American Economic Review, McGraw-Hill, 1930. $5.00. December, 1930, p. 782. 880 words. "This book shows how overhead expense, "The book contains so much food for sober whether of the plant as a whole or of a single thought by those concerned with the human process, can be precisely costed. It also demon- element in industry, that it ought to be wldely strates how, once this is effected, the further read. For its breadth of viewpoint and fresh determination of overhead expense in whatever outlook on the industrial safety problem, it is detail required, may be maintained most to be commended to industrial engineers and easily." Certified Public Accountant, October, employers, and, in particular, to safety engi- 1930, p. 318. 85 words neers and the insurance fraternity." Lewls "No work by A. Hamilton Church should DeBlois. Bulletin of the Taylor Society, be om~ttedfrom the library of the cost ac- August, 1930, p. 201. 704 words. countant. This book is the most important "Edison Bowers diacussea present accident and the best work on cost accounting that your con~pensation laws and finds many of them reviewer knows." F. W. Thornton. Journal inadequate. There is need for a more logical of Accountancy, August, 1930, p. 150. 550 basis for compensatlon for permanent dis- words. abilities, one taking into account the age and "At the end of many chapters, there is a earning capacity of the injured person, rather brief 'conclusion' which boils down in a few than a flat rate. Carelessness should be made words the main points discussed . . . Mr. more costly to the employer." H. P. Dutton. Church has done a splendid job and there is Factory and Industrial Management, June, no doubt that 'Overhead Expense' will be 1930, p. 1369. 140 words. widely read and carefully studied." C. A. White. Management Review, October, 1930, p. 347. 630 words. Butler, Ladson and Johnson, 0. R. Man- agement control throush buslneas Crossley, A. M. Watch your selling dollnr. forms. Harper, 1930. $3.00. , Forbes, 1930. $5.00. "His book is both informative and sound "The outstanding point to be gained is the and he advises the manufaclurer to look at fact that well designed forms to be used for 'cost per sale' rather than at gross figures. inter-departmental correspondence between of- His is a book for executives." John Carter. ficials, branches and subsidiaries of corporations Forbes, June 15, 1930, p. 95. 135 words. will have a tendency to elimlqate personalities "The author explains why profit leaks occur in correspondence which, in a good many in marketing goods and tells how to prevent corporations, create dissension and friction. such leaks. He discusses the proper method The impersonal nature of a specific form on a of handling market research and describes particular function or activity accomplishes some of its weaknesses." Dartnell Reference considerably better results than a long drawn Index. 144 words. out letter of a department head or ofhcial." "The author is the former director of research H. G. McLean, Management Review, Septem- of The Literary Digest and has directed his ber, 1930, p. 320. 497 words. work in the line of manufacturing where he "This practical manual is based on a nation- advances a policy of watching profit instead of wide study of the form systems used by hun- sales. He seems to base his study on methods dreds of business concerns and it covers such of d~str~butionrather than on production, and problems as safeguarding managerial time, throws the purchaser in the spotlight rather cutting down overhead, and creating a more co- than the seller." Journal of Business Education, ordmated organization " Dartnell Reference October, 1930, p. 41. 144 words. Index. 120 word^. "Although it is written in popular style its "Misdirection and waste of managerial contents are practically beyond criticism from time cut heavily into the profits of business a technical stnndpoint. More scholarly, better organization. 'Management Control Through organized and more comprehensive treatments Business Forms,' a book by Ladson Butler of sales management have appeared but no one and 0. R. Johnson, shows how such waste may has yet succeeded in approaching the problems be avoided by the use of a method of reports, of the sales executive with better judgment records, comniunications, and instructions or sounder reasoning than has Mr. Crossley." governing all ofice operations." System, J. L. Palmer. Management Review, October, August, 1930, p. 132. 90 words. 1930, p. 348. 364 words. 58 BPECIAL LIBRARIES Februuy, 1931

"It is a guide to the ecientific study of selling. volumes . . . Mr. Hunt, who served as Seen: It is highly recommended to sales executives." tary of tbe Conference, realized that the bulky Wrlliam Feather. Nation's Business, Septenl- two-volume report would reach only a limited ber, 1930, p. 148. 35 words. audience, and has prepared thia ZOO-page scenario which brings out in clear relief the Gradinsky, Jullus. Railroad consolidation. essential facts stated and conclusions reached Appleton, 1930. $3.50. in the Report itself." F. A. Fall. Credit "Dr. Grodinsky treats the entire question Monthly, March, 1930, p. 48. 365 worda. from a purely economic standpoint Important "This comparatively brief resume contains conclusions are supported by specific evidence. none of the tabulated material which marked The text is illustrated throughout with maps the almost encyclopzdic nature of the pre- and each chapter includes a comprehensive list vious two-volume report." Management of references." American Bankers Association Review, September, 1930, p. 317. 217 words. Journal, July, 1930, p. 50 100 words. Mawson, C. 0. S. Secretary's guide to "The basic idea underlying the consolidation movement is, therefore, a traffic problem; not correct modern usage. Crowell, 1930. 12.00. financial; not operatmg; not one, directly and necessarily, calculated to preserve the so-called "Dealmg in a concise and practical manner weak roads. Dr. Grodinsky devotes the major with such matters as punctuation, capitaliza- part of his book to a detailed expositron of th~s tion and spelling, and including a number of central theme." C. S. Morgan. American srmple rules for correct English usage, this Economic Review, December, 1930, p. 730. volume is designed primarily for the instruction 916 words. of secretaries, but will be fout~dequally useful "It 1s a comprehensive and practical revlew to all who value precision in the use of lan- based on a study of all the informatron afforded guage." Bankers Magazine, October, 1930, by the exhaustive hearings of the Interstate p. 582. 63 words. Commerce Commission aqd other data. Well "The 1930 prmting of this practical book planned and readable, it brings the entire offers first aid to the harassed secretary who subject in all its vital aspects within the grasp wants to know when to capitalize, when to of the average man whrle going beyond him abbreviate worda and when not to, how to in setting forth the undeniable principles punctuate, something about style in letter that must underlie coneolidations if they are writing, how to address various dignitaries, to be satisfactory at once to carriers and the proper use of figures and numerals, etc." shippers " Industrial Digest, July, 1930, p. 23. Dartnell Reference Index. 77 words. 225 words. "This book, which has been prepared by the Hunt, E. E. Audit of America. McGraw- head of the Mawson Editorial School, a lexicog- Hill, 1930. $2.00. rapher of wide experience, may be pronounced an invaluable help for all letter writers." "l'he summary is in no sense a substitute Industrial Digest, November, 1930, p. 42, tor the original and is not intended to be; for 525 words. one rhmg, there is not a single statistical table in the volume. But what is lost for the specialist Riefler, W. W. Money rates and money is gained for the layman. The volume is con- markets in the Unlted States. Harper, cise and readable, and withal contains an 1930. $4.00. excellent index." H B. Davis. American "Mr. R~efleraims in thia book to furnish a Economic Review, June, 1930, p. 277. 197 background of the entire money market, words. particularly the relat~on of the Federal Re- "It reviews post-war developments in the serve System to the money markets." Ameri- fields of industry, transport, marketing, labour, can Bankers Association Journal, July, 1930, management, agriculture, price changes, credit p 78. 105 words. and money movements, foreign trade, and dis- "The author's study is chiefly concerned tribution in the national income." Anglo- with rate movements in the American money American Trade, August, 1930, p 428. 125 market since the establishment of the Federal words. Reserve System. It presents in detail an "The findmgs of the Commrttee on Recent analysis of the factors that make for an in- Economic Changes of the President's Confer- crease or decrease of reserve credit to member ence on Unemployment (Herbert Hoover, banks." Bankers Magazine, October, 1930, Chairman), were published in two substantial p. 581. 217 word#. Fern, 1931 SPECIAL I

"This is really the first authoritative book Dean EIeilman is careful to point out that in an on this subject which has appeared in the increasing number of modern business situa- United States. The problem of money rates tions the difficulty is not in the lack of willing- has been little understood by business men ness to be virtuous; it is in knowing what is and since the advent of the Federal Reserve virtue." P. M. O'Leary. American Economic Syrtem in 1914, there has been tremendous Review, December, 1930, p. 742. 530 worda. confusion." R. L. Smitley. Business Briefs, "The appeal this book should make to all November, 1930, p. 152. 140 words. interested in finance and banking in their Robinson, L. N. and Stearna, M. E. Ten ethical aspects is certainly strong. It is an thousand small loane. Ruesell Sage exceedingly interesting book representing as Foundation, 1930. $2.00. it does the considered views of men eminent in education and banking." Bankers Magazine, "This book in an outgrowth of the Russell November, 1930, p. 796. 400 words. Sage Foundation's study of the small loan "All of the writers agree that economic problem, a study resulting in the writing of the changes bring forth new ethical problems and Uniform Small Loan law sponsored by the that our old codes of ethics are wholly in- Foundation and now adopted, with some adequate or inapplicable. They also agree that modifications, by twenty-four states. The considerable research is required to ascertain law is based upon the assumption that licensed the degree of .right or wrong in complicated companies, charging three and one-half per busmess transactions." Edward West. Journal cent per month on unpaid balances, perform of Business Education, September, 1930, p. 37. a useful service to the necessitous borrower 475 words. and relieve him from reliance upon the grasping loan shark." C. 0. Fisher. American Economic holfe, F. E. Prlndples of property in- Review, September, 1930, p. 533. 495 worda. eurance. Crowell, 1930. $3.00. "The study was undertaken to afford some "Though designed primarily as a textbook description of the borrowers from the small for college students, this book will prove useful loan offices operating under the Uniform Small to the buainess man who desires to know more Loan Law-to show who they are and under about this part of his economic environment, what circumstances and in what amounts they and to technical experts in underwriting. There borrow." Bulletin of the Taylor Society, is a lucid description of the various classes of October, 1930, p. 252. 180 words. insurance covering property and property "In times when unemployment is wide- interests, with special attention to fire in- spread, the worker is forced to borrow to pay surance." Barton's, February 17, 1930, p. 24. rent and bills for food, light and other neces- 124 words. nary goods and services. The small loan office, Credit Monthly, July, 1930, p. 42. F, A. Fall. under proper supervision, ha0 greatly decreased 560 words. the rate he must pay on hie enforced borrow- "This clearly written text-book portrays ings, and this study, in the light of present the part played in modern social economy by busineas conditions, is most timely." F. A. Fall. r~sk-bearingorganizations in the field of fire Credit Monthly, August, 1930, p. 42. 540 and other property insurance. The author words. has been a teacher of economics, statistics "Dr. Robinson and Miss Stearna have made and insurance in various universities." Indus- a splendid study of the busineas of lending trial Digest, March, 1930, p. 32. 258 words. to consumers, particularly under the jurisdic- tion of the Uniform Small Loan Law." Burr Younger, John. Work routing in pro- Blackburn. Journal of Business of the Univ- ductlon. Ronald, 1930. $2.50. ersity of Chicago, October, 1930, p. 481. 832 "He discusses rather briefly the practices words. to be followed in planning production in a Vawter Lectures, Northwestern University. machine shop and the advantages which should Ethical problems of modern finance. result from this procedure.' This book contains Ronald, 1930. $2.00. very little material which is not already known "Messre. Heilman and Donham who con- to executives of all well-managed plants." tribute the two general discussions of the Bulletin of the Taylor Society, October, 1930, ethical problems in modern business are both p. 250. 130 words. well aware of the fact that there is a great deal "He considers each detail, laying special more to the solution of these problems than emphasis on the economic factors involved in amiable intentions and moral exhortation. selecting machines for operations and de- 60 SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931

termining size of lots The synchro~~izingof Food ...... 26% operations, or 'simultation,' and the relation Shelter ...... IS% of routing to sales plann~ngand production Clothing ...... 19% control are also considered." Factory and Sundrics ...... 40% 1930, 1098. Industrial Management, May, p. From the reports of upwards of 200 l~brarians 120 words. the following figures are given as med~anearn- "I suppose that much of this mhter~al ings: would be considered elementary but the state- L~brarian. . , . . $1,595 ment made so often when new improvements Assistant librarian. . . 1,275 are pointed out, 'why didn't someone think of .Reference librar~an ...... 1,700 that before?' indicates that a considerat~onof 'fundamentals may prove very stimulating to The term median earnings is defined as mean- SOYo the man on the job." Management Review, ing that of the women ~ncluded in the December, 1930, p. 422 265 words. study are earning less than that amount antl 50% are earnlng more. Only 5 5% of all the librarians reporting are earning $3,000 or over. Earnings of Women in Business The presentation of these facts in graphic form makes them very str~kmgeven though t~lliott, Margaret and Manson, G. E. Earn- some of the facts have been fairly definitely ing~of women In business and the pro- known before, such as the d~fference in the fessions. Ann Arbor, Univ. of Michigan, salar~esof men and \\omen of the same age 1930. 215 pp.. graphs, charts. and educai~onal qualifications. Considering "An adventure in cooperative ~esearch in the relatively short time women have been in business and the profess~ons, the accomplish- the occupat~onal achievement of business ments have probably been remarkable, bul a and professional women!" The study results feminist will see the rewards of women in a from an analysis of 14,073 quest~onnairessent man's world pitifully sn~all. out by the Bureau of Business Research of the Univers~ty of Michigan in cooperation w~th Reviewed by Gladys McCaskie, the National Federat~on of Business and Newark Business Branch Library Professional Women's Clubs through them local organizations. The book will aid voca- tional counsellors in advising women in the~r choice of work and wdl remove from tlie realm of conjecture some debated questions con- Engineering Literature cerning the economic pos~tionof women workers above the wage earning level. The U. G. I. Circle, house organ of The Here are a fed samples of the thought pro- Un~ted Gas Improvement Company, in ~ts vok~ngstatements made ~n the book: Issue of December, 1930, under the heading "The years from 35-50 are the period of "Engineermg Literature-Its Availability, Use women's maxlnium earning capacity." and Value" describes a system of abstracting ~mportant inforniat~on for enlployees of the "One-job women have consistently lower U. G. I, system. The article is prepared by median earnings than women in tlie nest lower R. 11. Oppermann. Librarian of the Company, experience group \\ ho have held six or more antl sI1on.s the great use which is made of the d~fferentpositions." wcekly abstracts of engmeering papers pre- "College women do not tend to select oc- pared In the library cupations where changes of h~ghfinanc~al re- The wrlter in his concluding paragraph 70% wards are best. of all these college women states: "The investment rn a library consists are in the employ of educational, social or of money and space-for the provision of welfare organizations." properly trained personnel, equipment and "lmposs~bleto say how much of the variatiol~ supplies-provided by the company. Con- in earning is due to education, but how much sistcnt use of thc engineering I~leraturcsup- to native ahlity wh~ch would have been plied by the library is also an investment. reflected in higher earnlngs wthout add~tional The return from the total mvestment by the training." company is an intangible-information. The "A typical American independent single return to ~nclividual readers of the literatu~e woman d~videsher budget as follows. is 111 proportion to he ur;e they make of it." February, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Associations Baltimore of Coniparative Zoology, for the Museum The Baltimore Chapter of the Spec~al Group; and Mr. William Alcott of the Boston Libraries Association met for its second mcet- Globe for the Newspaper Croup. ing on January 26th, 1931, with sixteen mem- Mr. Alcott stated that the newspaper library, bers present. The speaker of the evening was like the newspaper which it serves, deals with Mr. Frederick William Ashley, Chief Assistant Ide, with persons and things, with good and Librarian of the Library of Congress, who gave evil, joy and sorrow. Its demands are en- a brief history of the origin, growth and present cyclopaedic. Mr. Alcott showed the relation- extent of the National Library. His address ship of the library to the large newspaper plant dwelt especially on the endowments and the with its many activities. He showed the strong establishments of the chairs which with the demands brought upon the department in case ad of experts will open still further the re- of great emergency, citing the Japanese earth- sources of the collection. quake as an example. He described most Mr. William S. Hamill, vice-chairman of interestingly the various fornls of news- the Chapter discussed the form of a question- gathering associations and the services niain- naire which will be distributed to the members tained by certain national newspapers. He descr~bing their libraries with the idea of discussed news photos and syndicate services. eventually ltsting all special collect~ons and Mr. Alcott outlined the functions of the services in Baltimore. newspaper library w~th11s various departments. The officers of the local Chapter are Chair- He called especial attention to the clipping man, Miss Laura A .Woodward, L~brarianof file, describing the methods used at the Globe the Maryland casualty company; Vice-Chaw library Photographs and their handling were man, Mr. W~lliamS. Hamill of the Maryland also discussed, also the valuable collection of development bureau; Secretary, Miss Ella metal cuts which in an emergency saves re- S. Hitchcock, Department of Legislative production from the photograph. Mr. Alcott reference. cited the value of school and college catalogs for data concerning athletes. He also noted Boaton that phonograph catalogs were valuable in The January meeting of the Boston Chapter obtainmg the names of popular songs and last was held at the State Libraiy on Monday he mentioned the best tool of all in the news- evening, January 26th, w~ths~xty-eight mem- paper library-the telephone with help often bers present. coming from the friendly librarian at the other After the reading of the secretary's and end He concluded his address with a list treasurer's reports the following persons were of the outstanding reference tools in the Globe admitted to membership: Mr. Abraham l~brary Kalish, Miss Edith M. Kimball, Miss Ruth The President announced that the next Mofette, Miss Gertrude Palmer, Miss Martha meeting would be held on March 2d at the G. Staples Federal Reserve Bank with Mr. Roy A. The Education Committee reported that a Young, Governor ol the Federal Reserve library class was recently started at the Bank, as speaker. Supper w~llbe at the hlassachusetls Institute of Technology. Insurance Society of Masschausetts. Resolutions were presented on the death The regular March meeting uill be held on of Mr Frank H. Chase and it was voted that March 30th. these resolut~onsbe spread upon the records of the Association and that a copy be sent to Mrs. Chase. At the conclus~oriof the business meeting Twenty-two members of the Cleveland several l~brariansdiscussed the outstanding chapter met for dinner on January 15 at reference tools in their particular group. MISS Bohanon's Later in the evening the group Marion G. Eaton of the Federal Reserve went to Mr. Otto F. Ege's home. Mr. Ege Bank of Boston, spoke for the Financial Group; has an extraordinary collection of illuminated Miss E. Louise Lucas, Librarian, 'Fogg Mu- manuscripts and part of the evening was seuni, Harvard University, and Miss Eleanor spent in examming some of then1 and listening Sweet, of the Harvard University Museum to their history. 62 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Febv, 1931

Dmtroit tion, read a paper telling what a research worker The Special Libraries Association of De- expects and requires of a general library and troit held a luncheon meeting at the Wardell what, he finds, usually-alas, so different from on Monday, on February 9th. The proposed both expectations and requirements. constitution for the organization was con- Miss Savord spoke briefly of the union list. sidered in detail and adopted with minor Miss Rankin suggested that SPECIAL LI- amendments. This constitution provides for BRARIES filled a need in public libraries two officers, a President and a Secretary- and Miss Cavanaugh reported on the large Treasurer. It also provides for membership, number of orders received for the Directory of program and publicity committees, and for Commercial Services. meetings from October until May at intervals of approximately six weeks. The membership New York Regional Croup of Catalogers committee reported n very satisfactory In- crease in membership. At the Autumn meeting in November, 1930, Mr. Pettit commented on the meeting of the the New York Regional Group of Catalogers Michigan Library Association held last fall were fortunate enough to hear a aeries of papers in Marquette and especially upon the interest- on the classified catalogue which was once the ing work done in the prison library in that most approved type of catalogue in American city. The President was instructed to appoint Libraries, but which in later years was super- a representative of th~sAssociation for this seded in popularity by the dictionary catalogue. year's meeting of the Michigan Library As- Mr. Harrison W. Craver, Director of the soaation. Engineering Societies Library, New York The Carnegie fellowsh~ps for librar~ans C~ty,spoke on "A classified mdex to current were brought to the attention of the group literature and the especial adaptability of the and considerable interest shown in them. Brussels scheme to such an index." He declared New York himself a confirmed advocate of the classified catalogue and told of the establishment and The first meeting of 1931, held at Schrafft's euccess of the one in his library. In the tech- tea-room on 57th Street, on Wednesday, nical subjects much of the material worked January 21, offered a pleasant innovation in with is In periodical form. The great number the form of the first joint dinner of the N. Y. of indexes and bibliographies to be consulted as S. L. A. and the N. Y. Regional Catalog group. keys to current literature creates the need of a Miss Marguerite Burnett, the Assoc~ation'e master index. His library has started a classified president, and Miss Emilie Mueser of the mdex to current literature. The Brussels Catalog Group shared honors in conducting scheme was adopted because of the flexibility the meeting. inherent in its being a classification of ideas Mias Lillia M. D. Trask, Librarian of the rather than of books A classified catalogue Rockefeller Institute, the first speaker, gave has far greater potentialities than the shelf list her interesting version of "Special library to which it is sometimes compared. A different services for a specialized public" ending this classificat~on than the one used for shelf ar- inspiring message to all search-weary li- rangement can often be successfully used. brarians:- The demands of the reader upon the catalogue (It is) "Finite to fail in a large or sc~entificlibrary can best be met But infinite to venture" by the classified catalogue. Miss Winifred Gregory's adventures in M~ssGrace 0.Kelley, of the John Crerar "Compiling a reference tool for research Library, Chicago, read a paper on "The class- workers" led her to the capitols of all European ified catalogue in a reference library," countriea in an attempt to conlpile a union list of official documents. While her task was The next talk, on "The adaptability of a eminently a serious one, the hilarit~esof at- classified catalogue to a university library," tempting to use a hand written Danish catalog was by Dr. Eleanor S. Upton of the Yale in three volumes, of not finding Egypt's own University Library. last year's documents in their nat~onallibrary The papers by Miss Kelley and Miss Upton at Cairo, of visiting the Cambridge jail in have appeared in recent issues of SPECIAL search of British colonial documents, were not LIBRARIES. lost on Miss Gregory nor her audience. The discussion was summed up by Mr. R. H. Mr. Adolphe Law Voge, research engineer Gjelsness of the New York Public Library in a of the Carbide and Carbon Chem~calCorpora- paper on "The classified catalogue vs. the Februmy, 1931 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 63 dictionary catalogue." The fundamental Services elements of both types are the =me, i.e, author. Information title and subject lists. Having them all to- The new edition of the Handboob of Com- gether is an advantage to the uninitiated user. mercral and Financial Informalion Smcnnces, The particular virtue of the classified catalogue which came from the press early in January, is its logicalnees. The survey of a whole field has had an unusually good sale. Publicity of knowledge in all its ramifications is simple released by a committee of the Association !n a classified catalogue but practically im- was sent to ail the services noted therein and possible in a dictionary catalogue. Of course to a wide group of newspapers and periodicals. the latter must have a basic structure as logical The response was instantaneous and it is as that of the former if it is to function properly. probable that the edition will soon beexhausted. The greatest handicap of the dictionary cat- The committee deserve great credit for their alogue is inherent in it? medium-words. success in issuing this Handbook. In order New subjects create a new terminology which to insure accuracy each one of the services takea years to crystallize. The makers of the included in the volume was given a copy of dictionary catalogue cannot wait that long the statement which was to appear in the book but must decide at once on terms which may and all information was inserted with their be outmoded in the long run. Some subjects approval. The new Handbook lists 214 im- are so general that it is hard to name them. portant services, describing the type of in- The dictionary catalogue is, however, rarely formation each offers, its costs and frequency just that. It IS usually a compromise with of publication. An introduction contains an classed subdivisions, form headings, date ar- appraisal and a functional analysis of the rangements and such. Whatever the catalogue services by experts in the fields of finance, sales, of the future may be classification will play a part in it. advertising and insurance. The price of the volume is $2.00; special price to members of A discussion by various members followed the Association, $1.50. The publicity chair- the reading of the last paper. It was emphasized man, Miss Mary Alexander, is anxious to that the dictionary catalogue is easier for the L. uninitiated reader while the specialist prefera ascertain the publications that mention this the classified catalogue. The use of the shelf new book in their columns and seeks the co- list as a supplement to the dictionary catalogue operation of the members of S. L. A. request- was discussed. That the classified catalogue ing anyone who sees a review of the Handbook proper is much more flexible and detailed in any publication to kindly clip and mail to than the shelf list was brought out. The Miss Alexander, c/o Batten, Barton, Dumtine classified catalogue need not be based on the & Osborn, Inc., 383 Madison Avenue, New same system as the shelf arrangement at all. York City.

1909 Special Libraries Association 1931 Executive Board PRESIDENT--M~~~Margaret Reynolds, First Wisconsin National Bank, Milwaukee, Win. FIRSTVICE-PRESIDENT-M~M Jessie Callan, Librarian, Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad, Pittr- burgh, Penn. SECONDVICE-PRESIDENT-Mrs. Louise P. Dorn, Librarian, Detroit Edison Company, Detmit, Mich. TREA~URER-M~NElizabeth 0. Cullen, Reference Librarian, Bureau of Railway Economia. Washington, D. C. DIRECTORS-William Alcott, Librarian, Boston Globe, Boston, Mass. Miss Eleanor S. Cavanaugh, Librarian, Standard Statistics Co., New York City. Arthur E. Bostwick, Librarian, Public Library, St. Louis, Mo. Angua Fletcher, Librarian, British Library of Information, New York, N. Y. General Office EXEC~TIVESECRETARY-Mrs. Mary H. Brigham, 11 Nisbet Street, Providence, R. I. Phone, Plantationr 0798. SPECIAL LIBRARIES February, 1931 Events and Publications Rebecca B. Rankii, Department Editor Harper and Brothers have issued a catalog The Edward W Bok Memorial committee of Busmess Books for 1930-1931. are plannlng to establish a library in one of the *C* public schools or an American univers~tyas The New York Herald Tributre is the pub- a memorial to Edward W. Bok. A group of lisher of a pamphlet of 33 pagee entitled persons interested in the project met in New "Market Averages, 1925-1930." It can be use- York recently and a committee will be formed ful to the financial librar~anfor lt contains a to work out the details of the library and to day by day statistical record of the stock confer with various universities concernmg market as reflected in the composite average the method of housing the collection. of 100 stocks. * * * t** The intense pressure on library facilities The Annual Statistics Number of the News has caused the New York Public Library to Noles of Calzjornia Librarres, published by deny the use of the reference department to Cal~forniaState Library ia a compendium of high school and college students. The New information about all the libraries in the York Herald-Tribune of January 9, 1931, State It serves as a splendid d~rectory.Would explains the reasons for the restriction and that more states issued such a splend~dcom- prints interviews with various officials. pilation of library facts *** *** The Public Affairs Information Serv~ceagain "Preserving '~ewspaper Fdes" by R. P. make their annual report dated December 6, Walton in the January Scientific American, 1930. The P. A. I S., originally sponsored by refers briefly to a process used by Princeton the Special Libraries Association, is in pros- Unwersity to preserve World War cl~ppings, perous condition with net profit for the year of and describes fully the practlce of the New $894.47, and a surplus as of September 30, York Public Library for its more ~niportant 1930, oi $8,417.03. newspaper files. *** *** Charles E. Babcock, librarian of the Pan The Library of the Federal Reserve Rank American Union, has written ~nterestinglyof of New York boasts the possession of a large the h~story, descr~pt~on,and aims of the geographical globe. It is an attractive one Colun~busMemorial Library for the November mounted on a mahogany stand. It has a number of the Bullelin of the Pan Awericarc unique attachment manipulated by a handle Union. underneath the globe wh~chrevolves two reele *** inside the globe vlewed through glass windows It is announced that Don Rafael I-Iehotloro into the body of the globe. The reels contain a Valle, has begun in Mexico City the publ~cation gazetteer of towns gwing population and loca- of a new b~blio~raphicalbulletin, Bzbliografin tion on the globe-and also a short economic MeMemcana, the first number of which appeared summary of countries and states. recently

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