Spring 2007 Prizes & Awards
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String Theory. Volume 1, Introduction to the Bosonic String
This page intentionally left blank String Theory, An Introduction to the Bosonic String The two volumes that comprise String Theory provide an up-to-date, comprehensive, and pedagogic introduction to string theory. Volume I, An Introduction to the Bosonic String, provides a thorough introduction to the bosonic string, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. The first four chapters introduce the central ideas of string theory, the tools of conformal field theory and of the Polyakov path integral, and the covariant quantization of the string. The next three chapters treat string interactions: the general formalism, and detailed treatments of the tree-level and one loop amplitudes. Chapter eight covers toroidal compactification and many important aspects of string physics, such as T-duality and D-branes. Chapter nine treats higher-order amplitudes, including an analysis of the finiteness and unitarity, and various nonperturbative ideas. An appendix giving a short course on path integral methods is also included. Volume II, Superstring Theory and Beyond, begins with an introduction to supersym- metric string theories and goes on to a broad presentation of the important advances of recent years. The first three chapters introduce the type I, type II, and heterotic superstring theories and their interactions. The next two chapters present important recent discoveries about strongly coupled strings, beginning with a detailed treatment of D-branes and their dynamics, and covering string duality, M-theory, and black hole entropy. A following chapter collects many classic results in conformal field theory. The final four chapters are concerned with four-dimensional string theories, and have two goals: to show how some of the simplest string models connect with previous ideas for unifying the Standard Model; and to collect many important and beautiful general results on world-sheet and spacetime symmetries. -
Of the American Mathematical Society August 2017 Volume 64, Number 7
ISSN 0002-9920 (print) ISSN 1088-9477 (online) of the American Mathematical Society August 2017 Volume 64, Number 7 The Mathematics of Gravitational Waves: A Two-Part Feature page 684 The Travel Ban: Affected Mathematicians Tell Their Stories page 678 The Global Math Project: Uplifting Mathematics for All page 712 2015–2016 Doctoral Degrees Conferred page 727 Gravitational waves are produced by black holes spiraling inward (see page 674). American Mathematical Society LEARNING ® MEDIA MATHSCINET ONLINE RESOURCES MATHEMATICS WASHINGTON, DC CONFERENCES MATHEMATICAL INCLUSION REVIEWS STUDENTS MENTORING PROFESSION GRAD PUBLISHING STUDENTS OUTREACH TOOLS EMPLOYMENT MATH VISUALIZATIONS EXCLUSION TEACHING CAREERS MATH STEM ART REVIEWS MEETINGS FUNDING WORKSHOPS BOOKS EDUCATION MATH ADVOCACY NETWORKING DIVERSITY blogs.ams.org Notices of the American Mathematical Society August 2017 FEATURED 684684 718 26 678 Gravitational Waves The Graduate Student The Travel Ban: Affected Introduction Section Mathematicians Tell Their by Christina Sormani Karen E. Smith Interview Stories How the Green Light was Given for by Laure Flapan Gravitational Wave Research by Alexander Diaz-Lopez, Allyn by C. Denson Hill and Paweł Nurowski WHAT IS...a CR Submanifold? Jackson, and Stephen Kennedy by Phillip S. Harrington and Andrew Gravitational Waves and Their Raich Mathematics by Lydia Bieri, David Garfinkle, and Nicolás Yunes This season of the Perseid meteor shower August 12 and the third sighting in June make our cover feature on the discovery of gravitational waves -
Stephen Hawking: 'There Are No Black Holes' Notion of an 'Event Horizon', from Which Nothing Can Escape, Is Incompatible with Quantum Theory, Physicist Claims
NATURE | NEWS Stephen Hawking: 'There are no black holes' Notion of an 'event horizon', from which nothing can escape, is incompatible with quantum theory, physicist claims. Zeeya Merali 24 January 2014 Artist's impression VICTOR HABBICK VISIONS/SPL/Getty The defining characteristic of a black hole may have to give, if the two pillars of modern physics — general relativity and quantum theory — are both correct. Most physicists foolhardy enough to write a paper claiming that “there are no black holes” — at least not in the sense we usually imagine — would probably be dismissed as cranks. But when the call to redefine these cosmic crunchers comes from Stephen Hawking, it’s worth taking notice. In a paper posted online, the physicist, based at the University of Cambridge, UK, and one of the creators of modern black-hole theory, does away with the notion of an event horizon, the invisible boundary thought to shroud every black hole, beyond which nothing, not even light, can escape. In its stead, Hawking’s radical proposal is a much more benign “apparent horizon”, “There is no escape from which only temporarily holds matter and energy prisoner before eventually a black hole in classical releasing them, albeit in a more garbled form. theory, but quantum theory enables energy “There is no escape from a black hole in classical theory,” Hawking told Nature. Peter van den Berg/Photoshot and information to Quantum theory, however, “enables energy and information to escape from a escape.” black hole”. A full explanation of the process, the physicist admits, would require a theory that successfully merges gravity with the other fundamental forces of nature. -
Physical Review Journals Catalog 2021
2021 PHYSICAL REVIEW JOURNALS CATALOG PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Physical Review Journals 2021 1 © 2020 American Physical Society 2 Physical Review Journals 2021 Table of Contents Founded in 1899, the American Physical Society (APS) strives to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics. In support of this objective, APS publishes primary research and review journals, five of which are open access. Physical Review Letters..............................................................................................................2 Physical Review X .......................................................................................................................3 PRX Quantum .............................................................................................................................4 Reviews of Modern Physics ......................................................................................................5 Physical Review A .......................................................................................................................6 Physical Review B ......................................................................................................................7 Physical Review C.......................................................................................................................8 Physical Review D ......................................................................................................................9 Physical Review E ................................................................................................................... -
Prizes, Fellowships and Scholarships
ESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES ALERT Issue 26: Volume 2 R SCHOLARSHIPS, PRIZES AND FELLOWSHIPS (Quarter: July - September, 2016) A Compilation by the Scholarships & Prizes RESEARCH SERVICES UNIT Early/ Mid Career Fellowships OFFICE OF RESEARCH, INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT (ORID), UNIVERSITY OF GHANA Pre/ Post-Doctoral Fellowships Thesis/ Dissertation Funding JUNE 2016 Issue 26: Volume 2: Scholarships, Prizes and Fellowships (July – September, 2016) TABLE OF CONTENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR JULY 2016 DAVID ADLER LECTURESHIP AWARD ............................................................................................................ 15 HAYMAN PRIZE FOR PUBLISHED WORK PERTAINING TO TRAUMATISED CHILDREN AND ADULTS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 HANS A BETHE PRIZE ........................................................................................................................................... 16 TOM W BONNER PRIZE IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS ............................................................................................ 17 HERBERT P BROIDA PRIZE .................................................................................................................................. 18 OLIVER E BUCKLEY PRIZE IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS ............................................................... 18 DANNIE HEINEMAN PRIZE FOR MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS.................................................................. -
Modeling Popularity and Reliability of Sources in Multilingual Wikipedia
information Article Modeling Popularity and Reliability of Sources in Multilingual Wikipedia Włodzimierz Lewoniewski * , Krzysztof W˛ecel and Witold Abramowicz Department of Information Systems, Pozna´nUniversity of Economics and Business, 61-875 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] (K.W.); [email protected] (W.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 March 2020; Accepted: 7 May 2020; Published: 13 May 2020 Abstract: One of the most important factors impacting quality of content in Wikipedia is presence of reliable sources. By following references, readers can verify facts or find more details about described topic. A Wikipedia article can be edited independently in any of over 300 languages, even by anonymous users, therefore information about the same topic may be inconsistent. This also applies to use of references in different language versions of a particular article, so the same statement can have different sources. In this paper we analyzed over 40 million articles from the 55 most developed language versions of Wikipedia to extract information about over 200 million references and find the most popular and reliable sources. We presented 10 models for the assessment of the popularity and reliability of the sources based on analysis of meta information about the references in Wikipedia articles, page views and authors of the articles. Using DBpedia and Wikidata we automatically identified the alignment of the sources to a specific domain. Additionally, we analyzed the changes of popularity and reliability in time and identified growth leaders in each of the considered months. The results can be used for quality improvements of the content in different languages versions of Wikipedia. -
Anomalies, Dualities, and Topology of D = 6 N = 1 Superstring Vacua
RU-96-16 NSF-ITP-96-21 CALT-68-2057 IASSNS-HEP-96/53 hep-th/9605184 Anomalies, Dualities, and Topology of D =6 N =1 Superstring Vacua Micha Berkooz,1 Robert G. Leigh,1 Joseph Polchinski,2 John H. Schwarz,3 Nathan Seiberg,1 and Edward Witten4 1Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0849 2Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4030 3California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 4Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 Abstract We consider various aspects of compactifications of the Type I/heterotic Spin(32)/Z2 theory on K3. One family of such compactifications in- cludes the standard embedding of the spin connection in the gauge group, and is on the same moduli space as the compactification of arXiv:hep-th/9605184v1 25 May 1996 the heterotic E8 × E8 theory on K3 with instanton numbers (8,16). Another class, which includes an orbifold of the Type I theory re- cently constructed by Gimon and Polchinski and whose field theory limit involves some topological novelties, is on the moduli space of the heterotic E8 × E8 theory on K3 with instanton numbers (12,12). These connections between Spin(32)/Z2 and E8 × E8 models can be demonstrated by T duality, and permit a better understanding of non- perturbative gauge fields in the (12,12) model. In the transformation between Spin(32)/Z2 and E8 × E8 models, the strong/weak coupling duality of the (12,12) E8 × E8 model is mapped to T duality in the Type I theory. The gauge and gravitational anomalies in the Type I theory are canceled by an extension of the Green-Schwarz mechanism. -
Office of the Assistant Director
MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP LIST Term Expires: 09/30/2019 Dr. Phillip Bucksbaum Stanford University [email protected] Selected Honors: American Academy of Arts and Sciences Member, National Academy of Sciences Biographical Information: https://physics.stanford.edu/people/faculty/phil-bucksbaum Dr. Catherine Pilachowski Indiana University, Astronomy Department [email protected] Selected Honors: Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science Biographical Information: http://www.astro.indiana.edu/faculty/pilachowski.shtml Dr. Catherine Hunt University of Virginia [email protected] Selected Honors: 2010 Fellow, American Chemical Society (ACS) – Inaugural Class of Fellows 2009 Outstanding Alumna of the Year, University of California, Davis, 2008 The Smith College Medal, Board of Trustees Smith College 2007 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Biographical Information: https://engineering.virginia.edu/faculty/katie-hunt Dr. Andrew Millis Columbia University/Simons Foundation [email protected] [email protected] Selected Honors: 2017 Hamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics Foreign Associate of Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Fellow, American Physical Society Biographical Information http://physics.columbia.edu/people/profile/424 Biographical Information on MPSAC members can be found at the publically available web sites indicated with each name. NSF is not responsible for the content of those web sites. MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL -
Dean, School of Science
Dean, School of Science School of Science faculty members seek to answer fundamental questions about nature ranging in scope from the microscopic—where a neuroscientist might isolate the electrical activity of a single neuron—to the telescopic—where an astrophysicist might scan hundreds of thousands of stars to find Earth-like planets in their orbits. Their research will bring us a better understanding of the nature of our universe, and will help us address major challenges to improving and sustaining our quality of life, such as developing viable resources of renewable energy or unravelling the complex mechanics of Alzheimer’s and other diseases of the aging brain. These profound and important questions often require collaborations across departments or schools. At the School of Science, such boundaries do not prevent people from working together; our faculty cross such boundaries as easily as they walk across the invisible boundary between one building and another in our campus’s interconnected buildings. Collaborations across School and department lines are facilitated by affiliations with MIT’s numerous laboratories, centers, and institutes, such as the Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, as well as through participation in interdisciplinary initiatives, such as the Aging Brain Initiative or the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Our faculty’s commitment to teaching and mentorship, like their research, is not constrained by lines between schools or departments. School of Science faculty teach General Institute Requirement subjects in biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics that provide the conceptual foundation of every undergraduate student’s education at MIT. The School faculty solidify cross-disciplinary connections through participation in graduate programs established in collaboration with School of Engineering, such as the programs in biophysics, microbiology, or molecular and cellular neuroscience. -
Eternal Inflation and Its Implications
IOP PUBLISHING JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A: MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 (2007) 6811–6826 doi:10.1088/1751-8113/40/25/S25 Eternal inflation and its implications Alan H Guth Center for Theoretical Physics, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA E-mail: [email protected] Received 8 February 2006 Published 6 June 2007 Online at stacks.iop.org/JPhysA/40/6811 Abstract Isummarizetheargumentsthatstronglysuggestthatouruniverseisthe product of inflation. The mechanisms that lead to eternal inflation in both new and chaotic models are described. Although the infinity of pocket universes produced by eternal inflation are unobservable, it is argued that eternal inflation has real consequences in terms of the way that predictions are extracted from theoretical models. The ambiguities in defining probabilities in eternally inflating spacetimes are reviewed, with emphasis on the youngness paradox that results from a synchronous gauge regularization technique. Although inflation is generically eternal into the future, it is not eternal into the past: it can be proven under reasonable assumptions that the inflating region must be incomplete in past directions, so some physics other than inflation is needed to describe the past boundary of the inflating region. PACS numbers: 98.80.cQ, 98.80.Bp, 98.80.Es 1. Introduction: the successes of inflation Since the proposal of the inflationary model some 25 years ago [1–4], inflation has been remarkably successful in explaining many important qualitative and quantitative properties of the universe. In this paper, I will summarize the key successes, and then discuss a number of issues associated with the eternal nature of inflation. -
INTERNSHIP REPORT.Pdf
INTERNSHIP REPORT STUDY OF PASSIVE DAMPING TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF A SEISMIC ISOLATION SYSTEM for Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2010 Author…………………………………………………………………………….Sebastien Biscans ENSIM Advanced LIGO Supervisor………………………………………...……………Fabrice Matichard Advanced LIGO Engineer ENSIM Supervisor…………………………………………………………………..Charles Pezerat ENSIM Professor ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many thanks must go out to Fabrice Matichard, my supervisor, co-worker and friend, for his knowledge and his kindness. I also would like to thank all the members of the Advanced LIGO group with whom I’ve had the privilege to work, learn and laugh during the last six months. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................................4 2. Presentation of the seismic isolation system ..........................................................................................5 2.1 General Overview................................................................................................................................5 2.2 The BSC-ISI..........................................................................................................................................7 2.3 The Quad ..............................................................................................................................................7 3. Preliminary study : the tuned -
2018 APS Prize and Award Recipients
APS Announces 2018 Prize and Award Recipients The APS would like to congratulate the recipients of these APS prizes and awards. They will be presented during APS award ceremonies throughout the year. Both March and April meeting award ceremonies are open to all APS members and their guests. At the March Meeting, the APS Prizes and Awards Ceremony will be held Monday, March 5, 5:45 - 6:45 p.m. at the Los Angeles Convention Center (LACC) in Los Angeles, CA. At the April Meeting, the APS Prizes and Awards Ceremony will be held Sunday, April 15, 5:30 - 6:30 p.m. at the Greater Columbus Convention Center in Columbus, OH. In addition to the award ceremonies, most prize and award recipients will give invited talks during the meeting. Some recipients of prizes, awards are recognized at APS unit meetings. For the schedule of APS meetings, please visit http://www.aps.org/meetings/calendar.cfm. Nominations are open for most 2019 prizes and awards. We encourage members to nominate their highly-qualified peers, and to consider broadening the diversity and depth of the nomination pool from which honorees are selected. For nomination submission instructions, please visit the APS web site (http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/index.cfm). Prizes 2018 APS MEDAL FOR EXCELLENCE IN PHYSICS 2018 PRIZE FOR A FACULTY MEMBER FOR RESEARCH IN AN UNDERGRADUATE INSTITUTION Eugene N. Parker University of Chicago Warren F. Rogers In recognition of many fundamental contributions to space physics, Indiana Wesleyan University plasma physics, solar physics and astrophysics for over 60 years.