Emerging State Formation and Building Project

United Nations Development Programme, Somalia

Quarterly Updates October 2015

VOLUME 1 : ISSUE 2 UNDP Facilitates Knowledge Sharing between BFC, Somalia and IEBC Kenya

The 2012 Provisional Constitution of the the Chair (Ahmed Isak Hassan) of the IEBC

FGS in its Article 111E mandates the crea- on the signing of a Memorandum of Un- tion of a Boundaries and Federation Com- derstanding between the two institutions mission (BFC) to support the territorial to facilitate further work. changes in Somalia in order that it may be- Furthermore, the IEBC, MOIFA and the BFC come a fully - fledged federation of states. discussed cooperation in several areas of While the BFC Act was endorsed in the FGS their work which will see the Somalis tap- Parliament on 21 December 2014, the Com- ping into the knowledge of their Kenyan missioners were finally selected and en- counterparts through exchange visits, staff dorsed by Parliament in mid - 2015. The 8 secondment from the IEBC to Somalia and men and one woman constituted BFC start- the development of Strategic plan and Poli- ed work in earnest in July 2015 and they are cy support for BFC. The Chairperson of the based at Villa Somalia in Mogadishu. UNDP BFC expressed great appreciation for the has provided the office space equipments time accorded to them by the IEBC and to enable them to work . noted that the exercise had been an in-

To make sure that the BFC is well informed sightful experience. of international best practices, UNDP and While in Nairobi, the BFC Commissioners Ministry of Interior and Federal Affairs were taken around the different IEBC de- (MOIFA), Somalia facilitated a one week partments including Finance and Admin- peer to peer training session with the Inde- istration, the Delimitation Unit, Communi- pendent Electoral and Boundaries Commis- cations, and Mapping where they got first- sion (IEBC) of Kenya in Nairobi from 1 – 6 hand experience on how business is con- September 2015. IEBC officials provided ducted at the IEBC. insights to the BFC Commissioners on the concepts of boundary delimitation, defini- A number of officials including develop- tions of the different types of federalism ment funders (the Italian Embassy and the and how Kenya has handled its own bound- European Union delegation) as well as the aries delimitation for election purposes. Somalia Ambassador to Kenya attended the workshop and committed to assist the The visit to the IEBC offices in Nairobi also Top to Bottom: Group Photo of Nairobi BFC in various ways. The BFC Commission- gave the BFC Commissioners and its Chair- workshop; BFC visits IEBC office, IEBC ers were able to draft action plan for the Chairman Hassan Sheikh Greets BFC man Khalif Abdikarim Mohamed the oppor- BFC which will be used to define their work Chairman BFC tunity to discuss with both in the future. Inside the Issue :

 UNDP Facilitates Knowledge Sharing between BFC Somalia and IEBC Kenya …………………………………………………….…………………...1

 UN and SSF support GIA formation process ; Enhancing Women’s participation in GIA ……………………..……….……….………………….…..2

 UNDP State Formation Support Highlights …………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………..2

 Journalists Trained on Federalism ; Capacity Development of MOIFA Staff …….………….……………………………………………………………..3

 MOIFA and BFC conduct federalism workshop for CSOs …………………………………………………………..………………………………………...3

 SSF and UNDP Support State Formation Outreach program in Middle Shabelle …………………………………………………...…………………….4

 Youth Mobilized for Peace and Reconciliation in Baidoa and Kismayo ……………………………………………………………………………………...4

 UNDP Conducts Capacity needs assessment for ISWA and Jubaland …………………………………………………………………………………….4

 MOIFA and UNDP Facilitate Youth to Speak on Federalism and State Building Process ……………………………………………………………..5

 Enhancing Women’s participation in State Building process, Baidoa ……………………………………………………………………………………...5

 Jubaland Endorses its Constitution ; CSOs Meet on Federalism in Baidoa ….…………………………………………………………..…………….6

Contributing Donors:

Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 1 VOLUME 1 : ISSUE 1

UN together with SSF support Galmudug Interim Administration formation process

The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) began the process of forming the Galmudug Interim Administration in the first quarter of 2015 with inter clan reconciliation meetings in the cities of Dhuusamareb and Adaado. While there were inter-clan ten- sions between some sections of the clans over the issue of the seat of the new State this matter was finally resolved in the second quarter of 2015 after more inter-clan conferences whose logistics were largely supported by UNDP and partners such as Somalia Stability Fund (SSF)/Finish Church Aid. UNSOM and UNDP provided technical and logistical support( particularly Air and Land transportations) for the reconciliation processes which took place until the finalization of the state formation process in the first week of July 2015.

On 4 July in Adaado, Galgadud region, the presidential and vice presidential elections for the Galmudug Interim Administration (GIA) were held and Abdi- karim Hussein Guled, former Minister of National Security, was elected as President and Mohamed Hashi Abdi as Vice President through a secret ballot. The election was covered on media/ television through UNDP and SSF support. On 23 July, the presidential inauguration was held in the presence of the FGS President, Minister of Interior and Federal Affairs, and representatives of the international community in Adaado.

On 28th August 2015, the cabinet consisting of 24 ministers, four state ministers, 23 assistant ministers was introduced. Mean- while, 3 new Interim Regional Administrations (IRAs) have been formed thus far: the Interim Jubba Administration (August 2013), the Interim South West Administration ( November 2014) and Galmudug Interim Administration (July 2015). Work is continuing on the formation of the Hiraan and Middle Shabelle interim regional Administration.

Enhancing Women’s participation in Galmudug Interim Administration formation process

UNSOM and UNDP seek to provide safe and open platforms of engagement in political processes in Somalia for marginalized groups such as women and youth. In July 2015, UNSOM and UNDP supported 7 key women leaders from Puntland, Banadir, Baidoa, Kismayo and Hiraan to lead consultation processes with women living in the different regions of Mudug and Galgadud. These women who are experts in various fields and backgrounds were brought together under the ban- ner of the Somali Women’s Leadership Initiative. The group of women travelled on a 5 day mission to Adado for the reconciliation and state formation process in the Mudug and Galgadud regions. The motive of their mission was to provide solidarity support and to advocate for women’s recognition and participation in the political processes.

The women leaders met with various female groups from diverse backgrounds such as business, university students, local and regional leaders, traditional leadership in a workshop that was attended by over 50 women. The different meetings also offered face to face interactions between participants and the political leadership that came from Mogadishu including the FGS Prime Minister, Hon. Omar A Ali, the FGS Interior Minister and other MPs who were part of a delegation that was attending the same reconciliation meetings.

At the end of the 2 days conference the women from Adado formed a committee of 11 women that will represent the women of Adado when the SWLI representatives go to meet Central State elders from the region, the technical committee and other political representatives. This initiative received significant backing from various political offices including the FGS Women’s Rights Minister Hon. Zahra Samatar.

UNDP State Formation Support Highlights:

 Supported Formation of Galmudug Interim Administration together with SSF/Finish Church Aid.  Supported Jubaland Administration with drafting Jubaland Charter/Constitution.  Established office structure and working environment for Boundary and Federation Commission (BFC).  Oriented BFC members on Boundary Delimitation Process and initiated consultative meets  Initiated federalism campaign and awareness programme: Launched Public Service Announcements/PSA , Debating competition CSOs consultations on Federalism  Provided Human Resource and Technical Assistance support to Ministry of Interior and Federal Affairs( MOIFA) to co ordinate state formation process  Provided support to emerging states with Human Resource and Technical Assistance /Training in the area of strategic planning and organization development  Provided office equipment/furniture support to emerging states (second round of procurement in final stage)

Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 2 Journalists Trained on Federalism Capacity Development of MOIFA Staff

The Ministry of Interi- To improve the role of the Ministry of Interior and Federal or and Federal Affairs Affairs (MOIFA) in the state building process, the ministry (MOIFA) with the sup- organized a two days training on federalism and Facilitation port of UNDP and skills for the staff with the support of UNSOM and UNDP. 32 UNSOM organized a staff and advisors from MOIFA attended the training. The one day workshop on staff was trained on Federalism and the difference between the ‘Role of Media in the Federal and unitary systems of governance. Examples State Building and were cited about other governments that converted from Federalism” for 50 the unitary system to the Federal one and other global prac- local journalists and tices on federal system. media practitioners in June’15 at Jazeera The staff also learned the role of MOIFA in facilitating the Hotel, Mogadishu. Journalists along with MOIFA, UNSOM state formation/building and governance process, reconcili- and UNPDP team The MOIFA Communi- ation and dialogue, negotiation and conflict mitigation skills, cations Director and Acting DG Mr. Abdifatah opened the work- inclusive negotiation skills and consensus building skills. shop and stressed the need for the media to proactively and ‘Such capacity building trainings are necessary for the accurately report on the federalism process. In the process he MOIFA staff who are involved in advising the regional ad- gave a briefing on the challenges and successes of the state for- ministrations on how to engage in work around federalism’ mation process in Somalia. says State Minister of MOIFA , Mr. Hidig . The participants gained insight on key features of federalism, and how federalism has been implemented in different parts of the world. International Communications Advisor from the Office of the President talked about the importance local media practitioners and positive journalism. He encouraged the par- ticipant journalists to

At the conclusion of the training, government officials from the MOIFA agreed with media practitioners that there is a need for the government and the media to engage in joint activities. This will include creating a series of state formation awareness program on television which would target all the groups in the community; women, youth, minority groups, elders, religious, MOIFA Staff being trained on Federalism and Facilitation process academic and culture groups.

MOIFA and BFC conduct federalism workshop for CSOs

In the month of August’15, with UNDP support, the MOIFA conducted a one day capacity building and familiarization workshop on federalism for Somali civil society organizations based in Mogadishu. The organizers also took the opportunity to link the recently formed Boundaries and Federation Commission (BFC) with the civil society organizations. The participants came from various backgrounds including religious groups, youth, women, poets and traditional elders among others.

Various and differing views were shared at the meeting. For ex- ample, Mr. Mohamud Sangub, a Somali poet noted that the unitary was the ideal situation for Somalia and he would prefer that it remains as is. Calling for more unity and security Sheikh Nur Barud Gurhan a religious leader attending the workshop ob- served that “people should understand that federalism doesn’t mean clannism”. Mr. Khalif Abdikarim Mohamud (BFC Commis- sioner) in a presentation noted that the BFC was not going to be making any demarcations to boundaries or territories unilateral- ly but everything would be done through consultations and ac- cording to the Somali legal framework.

The Permanent Secretary of MOIFA closed the workshop and encouraged discussions on federalism to continue and for civil society leaders to encourage more debates in their own spheres.

BFC Chairman Stated in the workshop” Role of Civil Society is very important in formation of federal member states in Soma- lia. Without effective involvement of CSOs we cannot achieve our state building goals” . Further he added, we are grateful to CSO workshop glimpse: CSO members brainstorming on Federalism UNDPT to support this event”. issues and Presentation by CSO members in action

Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 3 VOLUME 1 : ISSUE 2

SSF and UNDP Support State Formation Outreach program in Middle Shabelle The Outreach program aimed to engage community reconciliation and help reinforce trust between the Somali Federal government and local communities was launched in the Middle Shabelle region in July and August of 2015. The Outreach program was funded by Somalia Stability Fund (SSF). MOIFA deployed a team comprising of UNDP sponsored Ministry’s Tech- nical Advisors, Members from Parliament Interior committee, Members from reconciliation commission, Area MPs AND Members from stakeholders to Middle Shabelle. 50 delegates traveled to Middle Shabelle region by road. The primary objective of the mission was to conduct awareness and mobilization towards state formation at the grass root level, to carry out Civil Dialogue and Reconciliation, to provide awareness on state building, electoral Processes and to conduct Public consultation on Laws and Acts related to Vision 2016. The above objectives were achieved through a variety of activities which included public engagements between the local communities and federal government officials at the convened public meetings. MOIFA officials noted that theoutreach campaigns boosted public perceptions around the state formation process and federalism and government.

Youth Mobilized for Peace and Reconciliation in Baidoa and Kismayo

In the month September 2015, a football tournament in Kismayo was launched to engage youth in the pro- motion of peace, federalism and the state formation process wherein 12 football teams took part in Kis- mayo. Over 500 viewers from the various villages of Kismayo were targeted with a message reading: “Dantu dadka waxay ku jirtaa Federaaleysi” meaning “The common interest of the society is federalism”.

Similarly, in the second quarter of the year , in Baidoa football tournament was held to mobilize youth and to advocate for peace and the state building process. The youth football teams gathered at Dr. Ayub stadium and took part in the competition. The main aim of the tournament was to explore opportunities for youth to integrate and engage in political reconciliation.

President Shairf Hassen, Interim South West Admin- istration ( ISWA) says “Youth involvement in state building is vital process and their energy towards peace and development is important agenda for all of us”. Top to Bottom: Football team in Baidoa; Viewers watching the match in Kismayo

UNDP conducts Capacity Need Assessment for ISWA and Jubaland UNDP conducted capacity need assessment in Kismayo and Baidoa, focusing on understanding current human resources, or- ganizational capacities and operational and infrastructure status of Interim South West Administration (ISWA) and Jubaland institutions. The baseline survey will also provide a basis for the support in the UNDP medium term project, which is planned to be rolled out next year.

The survey collected data on 808 staff in 30 institutions, almost all of whom work on volunteer basis. The findings of the assessment noted among other things that the office infrastructure situation was dire characterized by government institutions/ Ministries without suitable working environments, adequate working space and appropriate working tools. Out of the 30 institutions surveyed, 21 normally operate either without formal offices or work out of rented premises; 17 have no major office equipment; 18 possess no suitable furniture; 22 lack any ICT access; and 28 have no official form of transportation to undertake their work. These acute shortage of basic office facilities impact adversely on the process of establishment and functionality of all state intuitions.

The baseline in its recommendations noted that among key issues to be addressed will be:

 The development and support of core government func- tions in the two states.  The need for coherent policy and procedure development;  More robust forms of human resources management,  Enhanced public fiancé management,  The need for development planning; Capacity Assessment Workshop with ISWA Ministers/Deputy Ministers  More support in infrastructure and equipment  Prioritization of gender mainstreaming. Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 4 VOLUME 1 : ISSUE 2 MOIFA and UNDP Facilitate Youth to Speak on Federalism and State Building Process

MOIFA and UNDP continues to support the Federalism outreach process in Somalia. One innovative way has been to engage So- mali youth and students in higher and tertiary education institutions through debating contests across the country. The inaugu- ral debate was organized on 26 May 2015 at the Villa Sultan in Mogadishu with close to 83 students (33 female and 50 male) from over ten universities across Mogadishu (Somali Internation- al University; Salaam University; SIMAD University; Plasma Uni- versity; City University; Hope University; Jobkey University; UNI- SO; Green Hope University; Imaan University; Somali University and Jamhuria University) attending the event.

The FGS was represented by the Ministery of Interior and Federal Affairs (MoIFA), Hon. Abdi Rashid Hidig to Members of Parlia- ment (MPs) and Directors in the MoIFA showing the high levels of commitment to civic participation and consultation in the Feder- alism process. The Minister opened the debate and expressed gratitude to UNDP and UNSOM for working closely with the government in supporting advocacy efforts to promote Federalism in Somalia.

The top orator of the day was Simad University’s Alinor Abdi Os- man who beat participants from the other universities. One female student who took part in the competition, Sumaya Elmi Duhulow made an argument on federalism and argued that So- malia had in the past paid a huge price for failing to choose federalism: “I believe that federalism is the only solution in Somalia after a long war based on clans and groups in Somalia. I believe that federalism can bring a good solution in Somalia, because the population has a history of public administration for over 70 years based on clans. So we cannot neglect that. We cannot re- peat the same mistakes that happened in the 1960’s, when they refused to take federalism as the manner of administration in Top to bottom: Mr. Hidig State Minister, MOIFA with the Winning Team, Somalia,” she said. MOIFA officials listen to the students, Student Participants in View

Enhancing Women’s participation in State Building process, Baidoa

The Ministry of Interior supported by UNDP launched a federalism and State Building awareness campaign targeting over 300 women in 11 villages in Baidoa. Baidoa Women’s Organisation was selected to mobilize participants and to encourage them to take ac- tive part in State building process. The campaign meetings occurred between 15—30 August 2015.

The topics discussed during the campaign meetings included federalism and the inclusion of women in politics and the state formation process. These events were important as they helped disseminate information to the female citizens. Who would ordinarily not be able to “political” meetings for various reasons.

The local leadership for the women's groups were excited about the meetings and expressed hope that the government, UNDP and UNSOM would continue to engage them on the political matters to rebuild Somalia. More activities are planned in the 4th quarter to maintain this momentum. Left to Right: Head of Baidoa Women’s Organization Presiding the workshop, Women Participants in View

Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 5 VOLUME 1 : ISSUE 2

CSOs Meet on Federalism in Baidoa Jubaland Endorses its Constitution

The (MOPIC) of ISWA organized a Civil Society On 1st of August 2015, Juba- Workshop on federalism and state formation land Constitution was en- on 11 and 12 June 2015 at the Baidoa Town dorsed by the delegates repre- Hall. Close to 200 people civil society members senting 15 districts of Interim from the Bay and Bakool regions including Jubaland Administration (IJA). women and youth attended the meetings. The The Constitution was drafted meetings sought to increase the awareness of by Technical committee, nomi- civil society on federalism and the participa- nated in mid-April 2015 by IJA tion of women in Somalia’s politics. President. 300 delegates from the 15 districts of IJA were in- The workshop applied participatory methodolo- vited to review and endorse gies and came up with a number of outcomes. the constitution. There was a call for mainstreaming civil society Three hundred delegates were views in Somali politics. The civil society groups divided into ten groups to re- also called for more support from the ISWA view the ten chapters of the To to Bottom: Mr. Akopyan, DCD(P) UNDP , addressing government for capacity building especially for draft constitution. Each group the delegates; Photo at Jubaland State House, Minis- the Women’s Rights Ministry. The call for inter Jama ,Mr. Jonah HoO UNSOM seen among others. was assigned to review one creased women’s participation in all the chapter. At the constitution endorsement event, the chairperson of drafting spheres of ISWA’s political, economic, social constitution briefed some of the recommendations made by the delegates was unanimously made by the participants and which included prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) should be the message was taken on board by the FGS included and rule of law should in line with the Islamic Sharia. After the brief, and ISWA representatives at the meeting. the chairperson requested the secretariats to confirm if the 300 hundred

delegates are present at the hall and he proceeded the endorsement event

after confirmation by the Speaker of the IJA parliament. The chairperson requested the delegates to raise their hand with their voting card if they endorse “YES” and the whole delegates (100%) endorsed the draft constitution. The constitution was fully endorsed by the delegates. At the closing ceremo- ny, Minister of Minister of Constitution of the Federal Government of Soma- lia congratulated IJA for the 100% endorsement. Further, Mr. David Akopyan the Deputy Country Director (P), UNDP welcomed the adoption of CSO Meet in Baidoa Jubaland constitution and congratulate Drafting committee for the job done.

UNDP Core Message: Who We Are: UNDP is the UN’s global development network, an organization advocating for change and connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life. We are on the ground in 166 countries, working with them on their own solutions to global and national development challenges. As they develop local capacity, they draw on the people of UNDP and our wide range of partners. The UNDP Somalia Country Office approach works directly with local authorities in a highly sensitive and com- plicated political environment. Although we implement across regional borders and seek access for communities throughout the country, we respect and recognize the complex and sometimes volatile nature of political affiliations and implications. Our counterparts in Puntland, Somaliland, and South Central Somalia are involved in our project creation and implementation in their respective regions. Our Goals: UNDP's network links and coordinates global and national efforts in Somalia to reach the national development priorities. Our focus is helping countries build and share solutions to the challenges of: Democratic Governance, Poverty Reduction, Crisis Pre- vention and Recovery, Energy and Environment, and Women's Empowerment. Contact For Further Information:

Atul Shekhar, Team Leader, State Formation and Building Project, Mr. Tendai Chabvuta , Monitoring & Evaluation Officer, Capacity UNDP Somalia, Development Prorgamme Email: Atul. Shekhar@ undp.org Email: [email protected] Website: so.undp.org Emerging State Formation and Building Project Page: 6