Journal of Computer Applications and Research, Volume 1, No 1, 2020

Comparison of Content Management System (CMS): WordPress, , , Typo3, , Neos

Thida San Thae Thae Han Tin Tin Han ITSM Department, ITSM Department, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Computer University of Computer University of Computer Studies (Meiktila) Studies (Meiktila) Studies(Meiktila) [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract 2. Literature Survey 2.1 WordPress A content management system (CMS) is a system Word press is a completely free open source used to manage the contents of a web site. CMS content management system (CMS) based on PHP evolved as an alternative to such web-authoring tools. and MySQL .It is used to create dynamic in a A CMS is software that helps to make easier, limited budget. Word press is a versatile a scalable faster, browser compatible and responsive website framework that can be used to create websites ranging with the powerful features. There are several CMS from small personal to the multifunctional sites based on usage, functionalities, compatibility and of large corporations. Word press was developed for platforms. There is no CMS that is not best suited for creating blogging software. [6] every . The features of a CMS system include Humans are speaking to one another in a web-based publishing, format management, revision particular language made of words and letters the control, indexing search and retrieval. There is a lot computer does not understand the words and letters of variety among the CMS options. These CMS when we type these. These words are translated into names: Joomla, Word press, Drupal, Typo3, numbers that are understood by computer. Serendipity, Dotclear, Impress Pages and .

These CMSs are available based on functionalities, Some features of WordPress are usage and platforms. In this paper, we study to Category - Weblog-Software analyze these CMSs on the usage, function, available, License - GNU GPL v2+ default, integrated feature and browser compatibility - Cross-platform with different platforms. This paper attempt to analyze Supported webservers - PHP and MySQL the pros and cons of these CMS that user can choose Supported databases - MySQL, MariaDB the best CMS according to the application Middleware - PHP requirement. Template Language - PHP Keywords: CMS, Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, Extension modules - ✓ Typo3, Contao, Neos Browser- based backend - ✓

1. Introduction Reporting function (i.e. for data mining) - Only with extension CMS content management system is a computer Integration of own scripts - ✓ application technique. CMSs are most widely used to Current web standards - ✓ developed containing blogs, news, These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 events and shopping. CMS can be viewed as data by Digital Guide IONOS [7] repositories that may also contain authoring, sequencing and content aggregation tools, with an 2.2. Joomla objective to simplify the creation and administration of online content. Some of the best CMSs platforms Joomla is a free open source content were originally built with blogging in mind. [2] A management system (CMS) which enables to develop CMS is a stand-alone application to create, manage web sites, web application and online application. and the store content. A CMS consists of two Joomla is so much more than a powerful content elements: the content management application (CMA) management system which connects to a MySQL; MS and the content delivery application (CDA). The SQL; or Postgre SQL database in order to make easier CMA element allows the content manager or author, on the site manager and visitor. Joomla keeps content who may not know hypertext markup language in its database to provide dynamic formatting. (HTML) to manage the creation, modification and removal of content from a website without needing a Some features of Joomla are webmaster. The CDA element uses and compiles that Category - management information to update the website. system License - GNU GPL v2+

54 Journal of Computer Applications and Research, Volume 1, No 1, 2020

Operating system - Cross-platform Supported databases - MySQL, Postgre SQL Supported webservers - Apache, , MS IIS Oracle, Firebird, MS Supported databases - MySQL, MS SQL Server, SQL Server Postgre SQL Middleware - PHP, SQL, JavaScript Middleware - PHP Template Language - Typo Script Template Language - PHP Extension modules - ✓ Extension modules - ✓ Browser- based backend - ✓ Browser- based backend - ✓ Reporting function Reporting function (i.e. for data mining) - Only with extension (i.e. for data mining) - ✓ Integration of own scripts - ✓ Integration of own scripts - Only with extension Current web standards - ✓ Current web standards - ✓ These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 by Digital Guide IONOS [7] by Digital Guide IONOS [7] 2.5. Contao 2.3. Drupal Contao is a free content management system Drupal is a free and open-source content (CMS) for medium to large websites. The program management framework written in PHP and specializes in back-office (i.e. for developer) and distributed under the GNU (General Public License). front-office (i.e. for user) accessibility , and observes It is a backend framework. Although Drupal is often XHTML, HTML5 and CSS standards, according to described as a “Content Management System”, it is W3C, WAI guidelines to generate pages. also a “Content Management Framework (CMF)”. Some features of Contao are Unlike a typical CMS, it is geared towards Category - Web content configurability and customization. management system Some features of Drupal are License - GNU LGPL Category - Web content management Operating system - Cross-platform system Supported webservers - Web server with PHP and License - GNU GPL v2+ MySQL support Operating system - Cross-platform Supported databases - MySQL Supported webservers - Web server with PHP Middleware - PHP support Template Language - PHP Supported databases - MySQL, Maria DB, Extension modules - ✓ Percona Server, Postgre Browser- based backend - ✓ SQL, SQLite Reporting function Middleware - PHP (i.e. for data mining) - Only with extension Template Language - PHP Integration of own scripts - ✓ Extension modules - ✓ Current web standards - ✓ Browser- based backend - ✓ These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 Reporting function by Digital Guide IONOS [7] (i.e. for data mining) - ✓ Integration of own scripts - ✓ 2.6. Neos Current web standards - ✓ These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 Neos is an amazing Content Management by Digital Guide IONOS [7] System. Neos is all you need and much more. It’s extremely powerful and well designed. It offers very 2.4. Typo3 fast development times while allowing elegant solutions for complex problems. In short, it allows Typo3 is a free open source content management you to add a simple to use, advanced Backend, even system written in PHP. It can run on several web to highly individual Frontends. servers, such as Apache or IIs, on top of many Some features of Neos are operating systems, among the , Microsoft Category - Enterprise content Windows,Free BSD, macOS and OS/2. management system Some features of Typo3 are License - GNU GPL v3+ Category - Enterprise content Operating system - Cross-platform management system Supported webservers - Apache & NGINX License - GNU GPL v2 Supported databases - MySQL, Maria DB, Operating system - Cross-platform Postgre SQL Oracle, Supported webservers - Apache, NGINX, MS IIS Microsoft SQL Server, SAP Sybase SQL

55 Journal of Computer Applications and Research, Volume 1, No 1, 2020

Anywhere, SQLite, organized according to the meaningful keywords in Drizzie the following Table 2. Middleware - PHP Template Language - Fluid, AFX Table 2. Navigation to relevant content of Extension modules - ✓ website visitor in CMS comparison Browser- based backend - ✓ Word TYP Joo Dru Con Neo Reporting function Press O3 mla! pal tao s WYSIWYG (i.e. for data mining) - Only with extension ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Integration of own scripts - Only with extension editor Current web standards - ✓ Multimedia These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 elements(vid Only Only eo, audio, with with by Digital Guide IONOS [7] ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ content, or extensi exten flash on sion 3. Different Functions compared with animations) some CMS systems Only Only Only with with with ✓ ✓ ✓ system exten exten exten 3.1. User Management sion sion sion Only with All open source solutions in our CMS ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Spellchecker exten comparison can be used as a multiple user system. sion The Table 1 shows that almost all systems in our Preview ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ CMS comparison natively support the essential function functions within the user management. Only Multiple with ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ languages extensi Table 1. All systems in CMS comparison on

Word Typo Joo Dru Cont Neo Only Press 3 mla pal ao s Search with ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ function exten Multi- sion client ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Only Only capability with with User Tagging ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ exten exten groups sion sion Inheritance These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 of user ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ by Digital Guide IONOS [7] rights Restriction Website operators rely on CMS systems to of user ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ rights facilitate the creation and publication of online contact. A good CMS offers functionalities that Multi-level release ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ enable their uses to create and manage website control content without programming knowledge. Most Only criteria of navigation to relevant content can be used Multi-level with directly in CMS systems. However, in some areas, ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ workflows extens they need extension which means additional ion installation to use in CMS systems. These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 by Digital Guide IONOS [7] 3.3. Search Engine Optimization and Responsive Design All CMS have same properties in multi-client capability, user groups, inheritance of user rights, High-value content is key to a successful website. restriction of user rights and multi-level release Website operators who want to conquer a top spot in control. Multi-level workflows are the only aera the search engine rankings also need to fulfill certain where the CMS Contao requires an extension, as it’s technical requirements. primarily intended for medium-sized companies.

Table 3. Search engine optimization and 3.2. Operation and Content Creation responsive design in CMS comparison Word TYP Joo Dru Co Neo To provide website visitor with navigation to Press O3 mla! pal nta s relevant content, CMS should have an available o tagging system with which the content can be Search Only engine ✓ with ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

56 Journal of Computer Applications and Research, Volume 1, No 1, 2020

friendly exten be chosen, for example, Joomla. If user-friendly URLs sios operation and barrier-free access to online content is Manual entry of the focus, Contao is a good solution. According to the meta- ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ pros and cons of CMS in this study, the user can information choose the best CMS according to the application requirement. Responsive ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ web design

These data are referred from CMS comparison ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2020 by Digital Guide IONOS [7] Manual entry of meta-information and responsive I would like to express my sincere gratitude to web design can be used in all CMS system. However, Daw Yin Cho, Lecturer and Head of Information only in search engine friendly URLs need extension in Technology Supporting and Maintenance Department, using Typo3. University of Computer Studies, Meiktila for providing me opportunity to do my study and for 3.4. Security & Service giving advices.

Security & Service are deciding factors for the REFERENCES selection of a CMS. In CMS comparison, a large user and developer community is concentrated in the following Table 4. [1] Jurriaan Sourer, "A Framework for Web Content Management System Operations and Maintenance", Journal of Digital Information Management, Volume Table 4. Security and service factors in CMS 6, August 2008 comparison [2] Khalid S. Husain, "Performance Evaluation Process of Word TY Joom Drup Co Neo the Content Management System: Case Study of Kau Press PO3 la! al ntao s Marz System", Middle-East Journal of Scientific Documen Research 11 (1): 117-127-2012, ISSN 1990-1993 tation ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ [3] Niraj Singhal, "A Comparative Study Based on Open Source Content Management Systems", India Journal Tutorials ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ of Computer Science and Engineering, Vol. 1 No. 4 267-276 Commun [4] Sanjeev K Sunny, "Evaluation of Open Source Content ity ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Management System: A Comparative Study", 6th These data are referred from CMS comparison 2020 International CALIBER -2008, University of by Digital Guide IONOS [7] Allahabad, February 28-29 & March 1, 2008 [5] Vinay, Satinder, "Study of Content Management All projects are in safe study in all CMS system System: Wordpress", International Journal of Advance according to the Table 4. Therefore, all projects can Research in Science and Engineering, IJARSE. Vol. offer public release plans, regular software updates No.4, Special Issue (01), April 2015 and a transparent security protocol. [6] www..org [7] www.ionos.com.

4. Conclusion

The six CMSs, Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, Typo3, Contao and Neos are the most popular content management system, free open source and built on PHP and MySQL. In this paper, we also state that to analyze these CMS on the core features,, browser compatibility with different platforms. My conclusion presents no clear winner, but instead outlines the benefits and drawbacks of the different systems in regard to individual projects and their particular requirements. While Word Press is primarily intended for bloggers and needs to be upgrade with extensions before use as a CMS, a system like TYPO3 offers an extensive spectrum of functions with the basic installation through for smaller online projects. The modular CMS Drupal came from a community project, but offers today’s users a wide range of web 2.0 functions. If these factors are required, another different CMS option can

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