STANDARDABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE REGIONALREPORTS

Abbreviations used in placenames: THE In mostregions, place names given in italic typeare counties. SPRING Other abbreviations: Cr Creek SEASON Ft Fort Hwy Highway I Island or Isle March1-May 31, 1991 Is Islands or Isles Jct. Junction km kilometer(s) AtlanticProvinces Region SouthernGreat PlainsRegion 465 L Lake BlakeMaybank (Winter 1990-1991) JosephA. Grzybowski m• mile(s) QuebecRegion 412 Mt. Mountain or Mount RichardYank, Yves Aubry, SouthernGreat PlainsRegion Mts. Mountains and Michael Gosselin JosephA. Grzybowski N E National Forest 469 N M. National Monument NewEngiand Region 414 TexasRegion Simon A. Perkins N P. National Park GregW. Lasleyand Chuck Sexton N W.R. NationalWildlifeRefuge Hudson.Delaware Region 420 Idaho-Western Montana 474 P P. Provincial Park WilliamJ. Boyle, Jr., ThomasH. Rogers Pen. Peninsula Robert O. Paxton, and David A. Cutler MountainWest Region 475 Pt Point (not Port) R River HughE. Kingery MiddleAtlantic Coast Region 425 Ref. Refuge HenryT. Armistead SouthwestRegion 479 Res. Reservoir(not Reservation) Arizona:Gary H. Rosenbergand S P. State Park SouthernAtlantic Coast Region DavidStejskal New Mexico: Sartor O. Williams III W.M.A. WildlifeManagement Area (Winter 1990.1991) HarryE. LeGrand,Jr. andJohn P. Hubbard Abbreviations used in the SouthernAtlantic Coast Region 433 AlaskaRegion 483 names of birds: HarryE. LeGrand,Jr. T.G. Tobish,Jr. and M.E. Isleib Am. American Com. Common HoridaRegion 436 BritishColumbia/Yukon Re, on E Eastern H.E Langridge Chris Siddle Eur. Europeanor Eurasian OntarioRegion 439 Oregon/Washington 489 Mt. Mountain Ron D. Weir BillTweit and JeffGilligan N. Northern S Southern AppalachianRegion Middle PacificCoast Re, on 491 W. Western GeorgeA. Hall David G. Yee,Bruce E. Deuel, andStephen E Bailey 447 Otherabbreviations and symbols WesternGreat LakesRegion SouthernPacific Coast Region 495 referringto birds: DavidJ. Powell GuyMcCaskie ad. adult MiddlewesternPrairie Re, on 451 •mm. immature BruceG. Peterjohn HawaiianIslands Region 498 /uv. juvenalor juvenile RobertL. Pyle sp. species CentralSouthern Region 455 •; meansthat written details David E Muth WestIndies Region were submitted for a (Winter 1990-1991) Robert L. Norton sighting Prairie ProvincesRegion RudolfEKoes and Peter Taylor * meansthat a specimenwas collected NorthernGreat Plains Re, on 462 d' male David O. Lambeth 9 female CBC Christmas Bird Count

Volume45, Number 3. 407 site concentrationswere noted; ATLANTIC Commons were much more numerous,as expected.On PROVINCES Grand Manan, NB, Dalzell tal- lied 40 Commons and 10 Red- REGION throatedsper hour heading BlakeMaybank northApr. 24. The bodyof a Pied-billedGrebe, rare in S.P.M., was found May 25 (Christian Moullec); it had been dead at What a differencea year makes. least a month. What a difference a strait makes. Horned and Red-necked In contrastto lastyears unsea- grebeswere poorly reported on sonablycool, wet spring,1991 the mainland, and the former kindly offered the warmest seemedtruly scarce, with only5 springin almost30 years,at least reportsof 16 birds in Nova to the south of the Cabot Strait. Scotia.A good (and careful) To the northeast it was a dif- count of 163 Red-necked Grebes ferentstory. While Nova Scoria, at S.EM. Apr. 9 (RE) wasthe New Brunswick, and Prince Regionalhigh. Why is this Edward Island basked in uncom- speciesso scarcein nearby monspring sunshine (almost no Newfoundland?Neither grebe fog=J),Newfoundland, on the specieswas sighted on themain- wrongside of the weathersys- landpast mid-May, but one was tems that came down the strait, lingeringat Cape Spear, NF, May experiencednortheast winds well 26 (KKn) and anotherat S.P.M. intoJune, keeping the pack ice May 30 (RE). closeto shoreand temperatures A singleflock of nineCory's well below normal. Over 11 cm Shearwatersoff SableI. May 29 ofsnow fell on the eastern edge of (WE)was a goodnumber for the the AvalonPeninsula May 30, Region.A ManxShearwater, in andpassetines suffered. poorcondition, was captured on Brunswick,all lateApril to mid- (Daniel Abraham), the first in The same northeast winds anoil rig20 km s.w.of SableI., May. The now-famousLitde severalyears. Ominously,we kept rarities away from the NS, by JohnParsons. The bird Egretreturned to BonPortage I., receivedno reportsof Black- despairingeyes of Newfound- waswearing aBritish band. NS, for its4th spring(PS) and crowned Night-Herons from land birders, who were further The timing of N. Gannet delightedbirders to the end of theironly colony in NovaScotia, dismayedby news that the main- migrationis suggested bythe fol- theperiod. on Bon PortageI. If theyare land,benefitting from frequent lowingsightings, from south to The heronspring continued, gone,the expanding gull colony southwestwinds, enjoyed nu- north: 100+ adults Mar. 29 at with four Little Blue Herons in islikely to blame. merousrare delights, including CapeSable Is. NS (BMy,JT); six Nova Scotia and one in New four provincialfirsts and one adultsApr. 6 at GreenCove, Brunswick(ST), none very WATERFOWL Canadian first. Victoria,NS (BMy,FL, JT); and cooperative,all seen in late It will be hard to trust rare water- Migration was understand- 12adults at &P.M. Apr. 18 (RE). April-earlyMay. More coopera- fowlsightings in lightof theille- ablydelayed in Newfoundland, A Brown Pelican was at five by far was the Tricolored gal releaseof exoticducks and while to the south and west birds White Head I., NB, May 12 Heronat UpperKingsburg, NS, geeseby a collectoron White arrivedon or slightlyahead of (EllisSmall), only the 2nd good Apr. 13-May 12 (IreneFalvey et Rock I., near Grand Manan I., schedule.Fair winds lifted birds sightrecord for the province. al., ph. BMy).Another was seen NB. Greater White-ftonted overfavored migrant traps right in Nova Scotia at Lower W. Geesesightings in both New to their breedingterritories. It HERONS PubnicoMay 12,while four were Brunswick and Nova Scotia are wasquality, not quantity,that At least •ne Great Blue Heron sightedin New Brunswick,all being discountedthis spring. sustainedinterest this spring. overwintered in Nova Scotia; it betweenMay 14-20. Three of the six Barnacle Geese Reportsof trendsand ratides wasjoined by a goodpush of Cattle Egrets might be thatspent much of thewinter in were goodfrom Nova Scotia, birds in late March. March 21 expectedto playa majorrole in Cape Cod reappearedat Cape New Brunswick, east New- providedthe firstwave in New sucha movement,but they were SableI. in May,after a stopover foundland, and Saint Pierre et Brunswick(ST). The fair weath- perverselyscarce. New Bruns- (all six)in New HampshireApr. Miquelon.Some information erresulted in thebest showing of wickhad one at Sheffield Apr. 28 20. Considered more trustwor- was available from southwest s. heronsin years,so muchso (PP),two at SaintsRest May 16 thy were5 sightingsof Snow Newfoundland,while virtually that observersin Nova Scoria, (Aldei Robichaud),and one at Geese in Nova Scoda, each of no data were obtained from becoming blas•, apparently New Horton May 19 (RW). singlebirds with Canada Geese, PrinceEdward Island, Labrador, underreportedthe movement. NovaScotia was held to a single exceptfor a flockof fiveat BigI. or western Newfoundland. Therewere at leasteight Great bird,at Schnare'sCrossing Apr. Apr. 1-7 (KM). As usual,New Egretsin NovaScotia, including 28 for a week (v.o.). Green- Brunswick had more Snow Abl•J0n$: S.P.M. (Saint a group of three at Lower backedHerons staged an erratic Geese,with 8 sightingsof flocks Pierreet Miquelon). KingsburgApr.29-May 19.One movement: Nova Scoda had but aslarge as 12. New Brunswick reachedas far n. asAntigonish two,both on Seal I., May3 (EM) also led in numbers of Brant: the (fideB.I.L.). Three Greats were & 22 (IM et aL). Two were on largestflock was 10,000+ at ½ORMOPdlNI'S reportedfrom New Brunswick. Grand Manan, NB, May 18 Grand Manan in mid-April Both Common and Red-throat- Awayfrom Bon Portage I., NS, (ST), and another was at (BD), while the bestgroup in ed loonswere widespreadin threeSnowy Egrets were in Nova FredrictonMay 17 (JE). One Nova Scotiawas 1200 at Cape NovaScotia, but no large single- Scotia and seven in New even reachedS.EM. May 20 SableI. Mar.29 (BMy,JT).

ßAmerican Birds, Fall 1991 Wood Ducks were widely at WatersideMar. 18 (ST). These S.P.M., and 4 in Newfoundland; widespreadelsewhere in the reportedin NovaScotia, suggest- weremixed in with migrating thelatest was May 13. Region.Other New Brunswick ing continuingexpansion, with Corn. Eiders, which, in tens of The NE windsin St. John's, sightingsincluded singles at 14 sightingsinvolving 25 birds. thousands,travel up the Bayof NF, weregood for Gyrfalcons at Grand Manan Apr. 23 (BD), Green-wingedTeal numbers at Fundyand cross the Isthmusof least. A minimum of 12 were in FredrictonMay 11 (Dwayne S.P.M.were considered very low Chignectoto reachthe Gulf of the area Mar. 24-Apr. 16 Sabrine),and ShediacBridge (fideRE). The overwinteringC3 St. Lawrence(ST). (m.ob.), with all colormorphs May 17 (ST). Elsewherein the Eur. Green-wingedTeal in St. Someslightly hopeful news involved(BM0. Fivewere seen at Region,an UplandSandpiper John's,NF, wasseen until mid- forthe endangered e. population the sametime at the St. John's wasat HardenPoint, NS, May 4 May, by which time it had of HarlequinDude 30-40 were garbagedump Mar. 24 (one (FL, BMy et aL); and one at acquireda mate (our subspecies). seen near Green Point, NB, May white, three gray, one dark) S.P.M.May 4 (BrunoLetournel) American Black Ducks have 17 (S.J.N.C.).A pairat Doctor's (BMt, KK). A few other Gyrs wasonly the 4th for theislands. been effectivelydisplaced by Brook, N. Peninsula of New- were reported from e. The only Whimbrel reported Mallards on Seal I., NS, a dis- foundland (John Gibbons), Newfoundland,along with one was at Economy,NS, May 27 turbingevent. Snapshots of the raisedhopes of local breeding. fromGros Morne N.P. and good (FS). other dabblingducks on the The warmmainland spring numbersin theQuirpon/L'Anse A Bar-tailed Godwit, discov- mainlandsuggest increases: 120 mayexplain the paucity of sight- aux Meadowsregion (Delena eredat Conrad'sBeach May 25, N. Pintail at the N. Amherst ingsof all threescoters, both Anderson). was a first for Nova Scotia(RF, MarshApr. 20 (BMy, FL, JT); goldeneyes,Bufflehead, and excellentdetails). Unfortunately 12+pairs of N. Shovelerreported Oldsquaw.Mergansers were RAILSTO thegodwit did not lingerlong in Nova Scotia(many more in more numerous. To close out the SHOREBIRDS enoughfor other birders to see it. New Brunswick);3 sightings of waterfowl,a C3 Ruddy Duck Althoughdetails are sketchy, it The twoprevious records for the Gadwallin NovaScotia totalling reachedthe CodroyValley, NF, was reportedthat a Purple Regionare from Newfoundland. 18 birds,with 14 or morepairs May 26 (RB);the species is less Gallinulewas discovered inApril This spring'sRuffs induded seen in New Brunswick; dozens thanannual in theprovince. in a weakened condition on a three females and a male. The of reportsof hundredsof Am. farm near Yarmouth, NS, and Reeveswere: Mar. 22 at Cherry Wigeonin Nova Scotia.A C3 wasbeing rehabilitated in a barn, Hill, NS (SylviaFullerton), May EuraslanWigeon was at Cape Five Turkey Vultures were in anticipationof releaseinto a 21 at Brier I., NS (Eric Mills), Jourimain,NB, Apr. 28 (ST), reported from Nova Scotia. nearby marsh. Another was and May 24 at Le Goulet,NB whilethe overwinteringfemale Apparentmultiple sightings of foundrecently dead Mar. 9 at .(ST, Yves Cormier). The Ruff in St. John's,NF, was present one of thesebirds suggested a GrandBank, NF (fideRB). wasNewfoundland's only rarity untilmid-May (BMt). possiblemigration route for this FourUpland Sandpipers were of theseason, at St.John's May The Dartmouth, NS, Tufted scarceprovincial raptor. The bird at their traditionalnesting site 1-10 (m.ob.). Duck waslast seen Apr. 6 (IM) was first seen the afternoon of nearSalisbury, NB, May 17, but Wilson'sPhalaropes continue andhad molted into • breeding May 18 on SealI. (EM). Early they were uncommonly to spread.Eight or morepairs plumage.New Brunswick domi- thenext morning, RF spottedit were noted in New Brunswick natedreports of LesserScaup, headingN alongthe lengthof (v.o.), while a single adult with 8 sightings,including a BonPortage I., whichis eastof reachedSt. John's,NF, in late flockof 25 at Cap Brule(ST). SealI. Laterthat same day, FL May (John Wells). Raymond GreaterScaup were also on the spotteda TurkeyVulture on Godb!cSs patient b!•. OnMay d'Entremont,fishing on N.E. increase, with 5000 at Pictou, Cape SableI., e.n.e. of Bon 12,;ST•nephew, Kirby Cadman GeorgesBank, NS, reported NS, in lateMarch (KM) and500 Portage.Nesting has yet to be (a non•birder);told him he had constant northward movement at ShediacBridge, NB, Apr. 17 confirmedfor the province. seena bigsandpiper with a long of Red-necked Phalaropes (ST). An early Osprey was at blackcrest near Auluc, NB, May throughoutthe entire day May In e.Newfoundland, spring is Glenwood,NS, Man 28 (fide 5. The birdwas sighted MayA0 16. The total number of birds a goodtime to look for King IM). An excellentdescription of nearbyby someonemore skilled involved in the movement can't Eidersmixed in withlarge flocks a Red-shouldered Hawk was and'v•d tentativelyidentified asa even be guessed, but it musthave of Corn. Eider. Ten ad. males submittedby KathySpicer. She NorthernLapwing, but the:bird been considerable. Nine were wereseen at CapeSpear Mar. 30 observedthe bird Apn 2 atApple could not be relocated. Several encountered May 31 at with 4000 Commons, and five R.,NS, a date when they normal- .halfheartedsearches turned up Blackhead,NF, duringa storm ad. males and a female were seen ly arrivein s.Ontario. This is one nothing.Fi•ly. the him was (BMt, KKn). with 5000 Commons Mar. 31 at of very few acceptablespring ro.•,coveredMay 26 besidethe Cape St. Francis(both BMt, recordsfor the province. Another horneof DonCOlpitts, •who GULlSlB KKn).This year, for a change, Red-shoulderedwas reported works for the Canadian Wildli: ALCII• the mainlandenjoyed the same from McNally, NB, Apr. 10 S6rvice.On May 27 word spread, The onlyLaughing Gulls were phenomenon.The largewinter- (DavidLounsburg). A concen- an•'.he rest, as they say, i• history. twoat SouthernHead, NB, May ingflock of 10,000+Corn. Eider tration of 32 Rough-leggedTne !aPW'mgSetdeR int0 a 26 (BD). At St. John's,NF, BMt at the approachesto Halifax Hawks was observedApr. 20 d.raine Du,& Unlimitedobserved an ad. HerringGull Harbour,NS, came dose enough around Minodie Marsh, NS .impoundmentifi the •ley of Mar. 13 that showed characteris- to shorein lateMarch to permit (BMy,FL, JT); mostwere likely thenearby Mkse,•ua;h IL,along ticsof the Europeansubspecies doseexamination. By mid-April migrants. thebord•'r of N•va Scotia. It is L. a. argentatus.It was slightly at least10 KingEider had been An imm. accipiter pho- stillp•t]ent at thiswriting (July larger,with a darkermantle, larg- seen: four adult and two imm. tographedon S.P.M.May 18 (J. 20), delightingall whoseek it er white windows,and lessblack males, and four ad. females Herber0 was believedto be a out,im 'uding Nova ScotJan lis- in theprimary tips. This is the (m.ob.).Also among the Corn. CoopersHawk. If the photo ters:When the bird flies øVer thg 3rdindividual suspected ofbeing Eider were two albino females confirmsthis, it would be a first treesat the e. •ge of the thisrace in theprovince. A first- (BMy).New Brunswick also got for S.P.M.Away from breeding impodndment,it isinside Nova winterThayer's Gull (adequate into the act, with at leastfour ad. sites in New Brunswick, Scotia.(Details on thebird's dis- details)was reported from the St. c• KingEider at DeerI. in mid- PeregrineFalcon sightings num- •coverysupplied b•ST.• John'sarea on severaloccasions May (S.J.N.C.)and an ad. male bered 3 in Nova Scotia, one in Mar.31-May 4 (RB).

Volume45, Number3. • Marfin reachedS.P.M. May 16 May 25-26 (ST et al.). The (fideRE). A N. Rough-wingedBohemian Waxwing winter Swallowwas reportedwithout stretchedwell into mid-April, detailsfrom GreatCodro5 NF, withnumerous sightings in Nova May26 (RB). Scotia and New Brunswick of Excellentdetails accompa- flocksranging in sizefrom 30 to nied the announcement of Nova 150.Similarly, N. Shrikereports Scoda'sfirst Tufted Titmouse, a were common after their abun- long-awaitedspecies, seen May dantwinter. There were 29 sight- 16 on Bon PortageI. by Peter ingsin NovaScotia after mid- Smith.The only interesting wren March and 5 in Newfoundland, this season was a Carolina at where they are much more Fredricton,NB, Apr.5 (DG). scarce.Three appeared on S.EM. It wasa goodspring for Blue- in thesame period (RE). grayGnatcatchers, espedally in New Brunswick. Nova Scoda VIREOSTO hada singleon BonPortage I. WARBLERS May 18 (v.o.), while New A SolitaryVireo was rare at Brunswickhad six: A pair at S.P.M.May 26 (RE). The first- ThisHerring Gull studied at St. John's,Newfoundland, on March13,1991, FundyN.P. May 11 (RW), and everspring Warbling Vireo for wasthought to representthe Europeanrace L. a. argentatus.Compared singlesMay 13 at BancroftPt., GrandManan, NB, wasone May withtypical North American Herring Gulis (race sm/tbann/anns),it was GrandManan (BD), May 16 at 8 (BD). Nova Scotiaalso hosted slightlylarger and darker, with more white in the wingtip. Barachois(ST), May 19 at two provinciallyrare Warbling Photograph/BruceMactavish. Caraquet(Marcel David), and Vireos,one at SealI. May 22 May 25 at Southern Head, (IM, BMy,FL), with a secondin Common and Arctic tern ridgebehind Bay St. Lawrence, GrandManan (Jim Wilson). WolfvilleMay 31 (RS). SealI. colonies continue to decline in NS, Apr. 6 (BMy,FL, JT); they It wasalso a bannerspring also rewarded observers with a NovaScotia, and gulls continue were not heard a week later, and (ST) for E. Bluebirds. New PhiladelphiaVireo May 21 (IM, to be the culprits.Perhaps the nestinghas yet to be continned Brunswick had more than 20 BMy,FD. ternsare simply being displaced forthe province. reportsand severalnests. There The regularlybreeding war- northward,as RE reportedcon- Tantalizingwas a May Nova were6 reportsfrom Nova Scotia. biersarrived on or slightlyahead tinuingexpansion of coloniesat Scotiareport of a 9 humming- A Townsend's Solitaire success- of theirlong-term average except S.P.M.Hope for a continuing birdslightly larger than a Ruby- fully overwinteredin Herring in Newfoundland,where they presenceof RoseateTerns away throated,which produced a loud Cove, NS, last seen in mid- were understandablylate. from their Pubnico,NS, toehold whistlingsound in flight.It left March. Another was at Grand Unaccountably,espedally con- wasprovided by thesighting of before it could be examined in Manan, NB, May 14 (Bob sidering the weather, many two adult birds with hundreds of more detail. Cotsworth),and one was report- specieswere early on S.P.M. Commons and Arctics at Port A Red-belliedWoodpecker at edlyon PrinceEdward Island in Lower than averagenumbers Dufferin,NS, May 26 (BMy). PortugueseCove, NS, in May early May (fide BD). If were reported only from ExtralimitalCaspian Tern sight- (JT et al.) wasonly the 2nd in confirmed, the latter would be a Newfoundland. ingswere at CaribouI., NS,Apr. springfor theprovince. Another firstprovincial record. A N. Parulawas unexpected 27 (KM), and SaintJohn, NB, May 23 at FundyN.P., NB, fur- A Veeryat S.P.M.on theearly at S.P.M. May 31 (RE). A May5 (DG).The tern of thesea- nished the first local record and dateof Apr. 29 (RE) provided MagnoliaWarbler May 15 at son was the Least Tern at New onlythe 8th for New Brunswick. oneof veryfew recordsfor the S.P.M.was earliest ever there (fide Minas, NS, May 13 (Jim A traditionalnesting site for islands.A dayeadier on S.EM.a RE). CapeMay Warblerswere Wolfordet al.). It didnot linger. Black-backedWoodpecker in St. HermitThrush appeared ahead few on the mainland, but sowere Alcids were hard to find this sea- John's,NF, was destroyed by golf of schedule(RE). Remarkably,spruce budworms, their favorite son,perhaps owing to the fair courseexpansion (fideRB). this thrush movement started food.One Cape May overshot its weather. Therewould be little to say Apr.27 withS.EM.'s 2nd Wood targetand ended up on S.EM. regardingflycatchers were it not Thrush (David Detcheverry). May31(RE etal.), while another DOVEST0 forthe (typically elusive) Scissor- Another Wood Thrash, increas- wasunexpected in St. John's, NF, FLYCATCHERS tailedFlycatchers. One was at inglyrare in NovaScotia, was on May 27 (BMt). No fewerthan The only cuckooreport this Fredricton,NB, May 9 (Dwayne BonPortage I. May 20 (v.o.). three Blackburnian Warblers springwas of a Yellow-billedat Sabini), and an astonishing Rare any time in madeit to S.P.M.,where they are Freddcton,NB, May20 (Jeremy groupof threewas present for a Newfoundland,a Gray Catbird rare,May 22-27 (fideRE). An Forster);this speciesis rare in singleday at Wilson'sCove, NS wasat CapeSt. Mary'sMay 20 overwinteringPine Warblerin spdngin the Madtimes.Single (fideBH). (AndreaMacCharles). Northern W. Pubnico,NS, stayeduntil SnowyOwls were reported from Mockingbirdsremain in good Apr. 17 (Lisetted'Entremont). New Brunswick, S.P.M., and SWALLOWSTO shape,with manysightings in BlackpollWarblers were abun- Cuding, NF, revealinga very WAXWINGS Nova Scotia and New dantin migrationthroughout e. lacklusterspring. The good win- Tree and Barn swallowsare show- Brunswick.Although Brown Nova ScodaMay 20-25, with ter for Short-cared Owls in Nova ingsigns of recoveryfrom their Thrashersare much more regular 100+sighted per day. Scotiacontinued into spdng, massivedie-off during last in autumn,offshore islands cap- A Worm-eatingWarbler at with numerousreports concen- springslate cold snap. They will tured five this spring.Nova BaldRock, Halifax, Apr. 23-24 tratedin mid-April,including a needa goodbreeding season or Scotia had three: Seal I., NS, (FL etal.) furnishedperhaps the flockof 15 at GrandPre (B.I.L). twoto fullyrecover their former May 20 (BMy,FL, IM); BrierI., only mainland Nova Scotia Severallate May reportsraised abundance.The picture for NS, May 20 (fideRS); and Bon record for this species.The hopesof local breeding.The Purple Martins will become PortageI., NS, May 16 (PS). provincehas only 12 records. tremolo callsof four Boreal Owls clearer as their colonies are sur- New Brunswick's were on Grand Anotherrare mainland vagrant wereheard from high on the veyedin June.A lone Purple Manan,NB, May 15 (BD) and was a • Hooded Warbler at Bear

410 -AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 ' OnApr. 21-22, somewhere down the mideastern seaboard, alarge numberof migratingpassetines misjudged the intentions of a frontal BIRD SLIDES system.Strong westerlies carried them out over the Atlantic, where theywere subsequently caught up in the southeasterly winds that took OVER 4500 SPECIES overas the front passed through. On Apr.23, theflood of birdshit from all over the world land.Exhausted and hungry, they were scattered along the e, coast of NovaScoria, with smaller numbers deposited inland. Seed-eatingspecies that flocked in desperationto feeders were the SLIDE SETS mostvisibl• features ofthe fallout, espedally Indigo Buntings, whose Endangered Species, Owls brightcolors further attracted the interest of feederwatchers. In Nova Bird Families, Herons Scotiathere were over 150 reports of IndigoBuntings, comprising Eastern Warblers, Raptors hundredsofindividuals. The largest concentration ata singlefeeder Shorebirds, Behavior was14 at Bald Rock, Halifax (BMy, FL et al.). New Brunswick shared , inthe bounty, with 31 sightings ofover 1O0 birds. At least (onlyd) one indigo Bundtagreached Prince Edward island (fide JE). CUSTOM Accompanyingthe IndigoBuntings, and also patronizing feeders, SLIDE SETS werelarge numbers of BlueGrosbeaks; Nova Scotia hosted at least 35, thelargest concentration being seven at thesame feeder with the 14 INDIVIDUAL Prepared especially Ind•os.Six Blueswere seen in New Brunswick, In both provinces the SLIDES for your group Selected from over 60.000 .•lbywatghers who were unSkilled atSeparating'this ipecles-from the images • custom duplicated SimilarIndl• Bunting,•erafi•ld, •singleIndigo reachedS. P.M to suit your needs Apr.30 0add•$abarotz), •tid singles 0f eachSpedes: reached, w. Newfoundlan•lateln:Mav. Requestour free North American Catalogof slidespriced @ $2.00, Otlier•eci•s Were, in;olved !• the fallout, ALark Buntingwas a} or send a list of species desired, indicating age. sex. behavior or Cape.•a•le I. Apr.23 {B{!.L}. Dpzens;of Ros?breasted Gro•Be• ] color phase. Custom selections are 03.00 per slide. Minimum weresightedon the mainland, and at least •ree malesant} a femme order of 5 slides. Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery. {Theseslides are for reacfied;S:P.M.Apr.27-May 2(//de REL while two male• ana On;: ] non-commercial use only and may not be duplicated.) feo• straggl•;•O•ewfø•dl•( Nhmb•rs •Vno,:•eed-eating S•iei•ere,harderto estimatei M they:di•;n6e'freqfient feeders-• us•, theshowi6r •l•:ies.wet½ m•re•ftenqrepprted. There. we• at [ VIREO least1•$orlet Tanagers inNova Scoti aduring thi• period; as=Well • The Academy of Natural Sciences a Summer.Tanager at Ba•iR. Apr.'23&MaY 20oyce Si•ret0] 19th & the Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103 Dozensof•. Oribleswere als0 scen. UndoUbtedly•l•o gthis movementXvere the worm-eatifi•warbler and •o•d• Wa?bler mentiønedearlier. -OOer.kge ami?e=out 0fk.simi 0cededin .1963•d i98•: Thisyears event, •questi0•bly Nrge• in relativeNewfoundland, only two of the Hne (B.I.L.), Linda & Peter termsowing to the recentproliXration 6f feeders •d competentlatter accompanied by written Payzant,Saint John Naturalist .6i,sevcr3¾= gOt te, it wayde-tails (RB). The species isstill Club (S.J.N.C.), Bey Sarty, to ushef•gprlhg. not on the official New-found- Francis Spalding,Peter C. landlist, although the day cannot Smith, Richard Stern, Jim befar off. Common Redpoll and Taylor, Stuart Tingley, Rob both crossbills were scarce Walker.--BLAKE MAYBANK Cove,Halifax, Apr. 25-28 (Sean Apr.1 was the earliest ever locally throughoutthe Region,while (BMy),Site 14A, Box 43, RR#4, Smithetal., ph. BMy). (RE).The firstCanadian sight- Pine Siskins and Evening Armdale,NS, CanadaB3L 4J4. ing of BronzedCowbird was Grosbeakswere widespread. A C3 TANAGERSTO madeon SealL, NS, May 6-10 Eur. Goldfinch on Seal I., NS, FINCHES (EM, WadeKenn• verygood May 7-9 (EM) wasof question- Two Rufous-sided Towhees details).The bird was dosely able origin. AmericanGold- were reported:one on Grand observedduring this period as it fincheswere uncommonly wide- MananMay 19(Connie Colpitts fed on kitchenscraps, in the spreadin Newfoundlandthis etal.), the otherin NovaScotia at companyof Corn. Grackles. spring,with 8 reports(fideRB). CrystalCrescent Beach Apr. 27 Regrettably,the bird departed (JoeRobertson). Rare in spring, a before mainland birders could Contributors: FieldSparrow was on Seal I., NS, observeand photograph it. The (Subregionaleditors in bold- May 13-22 (EM et al.), and a lobstermenstill talk fondlyof face) Marion & Keith LarkSparrow was on SableI. in "theFulldetailsgrackle appearwith the in devil's Novaeyes."Scotia Allsebrook, R.G.B. Brown, mid-May(fide IM). Theonly E. Roger Burrows,Dave Carry, Meadowlarkreported away from Birds. BrianDalzell, Marcel David, Jim their modest New Brunswick Pine Grosbeaks were com- Edsall,Roger Etcheberry, Roger breedingareas was one at mon only in Newfoundland.Foxall, Don Gibson, Barbara Conrad•Beach, NS, Apr. 12-14 HouseFinches are becoming well Hinds, Keith Keddy, Ken (JT et al.). Two C3 Orchard establishedin the s. cities of New Knowles (KKn), Fulton Orioles were on Seal I., NS, this Brunswick(fide ST) andare on Lavender, Bruce Mactavish spring,May 15-16 and May the march elsewhere.At least 25 (BMt), Ken McKenna, Ian 14-22 (EM etal.). were discoveredin Nova Scotia, McLaren, Ethelda Murphy, A RustyBlackbird on S.P.M. and five were reportedfrom Nova Scotia Bird Information

Volume45, Number 3- 411 QUEBECREGION ß Radisson Richard Yank, YvesAubry, and Michel Gossdin tßEastmain Weather in southernQuebec / was generallymild and wet throughoutthe season, although May precipitationcame mainly ß Matagami in the form of isolated rainfalls. Migrationin generalwas early

byabout two weeks. In contrast, eArnos the northern half of the ß Rouyn province,including the Gulf of St. Lawrence, was colder and Quebec City dryerthan normal, especially in

Apriland May. Two major snow Lauder ß:-rthierville storms hit southernQuebec, Montreal March 4 and again March Hull ß 23-24, but few migrantshad '"' •'"' Sherbrooke- arrivedby then. Intensivelow- pressuresystems crossed the RegionApril 21-22 and May findargilous lowlands similar to Swanwas presentat Lavaltrie Green-wingedTeal observed off 11-12. those of the Great Plains, so the May 26 (PL). A Mute Swanat I. d'Od4ansApr. 27 (ARa,LM), The seasonshighlight was lakeserves as the eastern ourpost ContrecoeurMay 22 (RDsetal.) at Montmagnyand Berthier-sur- the exceptionallist of rarities for birds such as Connecticut wasperhaps the samebird. The Mer May 4 (RF,JLc), and a total that turnedup at LakeSaint- Warbler,Clay-colored Sparrow, total of five Greater White- of 10 Eur.Wigeon seen through- Jeanin earlyMay, oftenon the andLe Conte's Sparrow. frontedGeese was typicalfor out the Region,including a heelsof strongeasterly winds. Raritiesalso appeared else- recentsprings. Uncommon at L. record-earlydrake at LaSalle Mar. European rarities included wherein theRegion. The reader Saint-Pierrea decadeago, stag- 27 (JCS, m.ob.).The duck-of- Eurasian Wigeon, Eurasian is encouragedto presson and ing SnowGeese peaked there at the-seasontitle would have gone Whimbrel, Ruff, and Bramb- learn more aboutthis wrings 137,000birds this spring (fide to a d' Garganeyat Pointe-Lebel ling,in additionto the trio of excitingfinds. DJv). The total population May4 (GC etal.)were it notfor a Little, Ross', and Common alongthe St. Lawrencewas esti- d' TuftedDuck seen by many at Black-beadedgulls. From the GREBESTO matedat 356,000 (fideARe)! LongueuilApr. 145 (HP, m.ob.). west came Sandhill Crane, WATERFOWL Worthyof mentionamong the Theonly previously documented Franklins Gull, and Western The Regiods2nd documented severalreported Ross' Geese was recordfor Quebecwas one off I. Kingbird,while the southwas WesternGrebe was reported an adultblue-morph studied at d'Or14ansin 1976, but therewas representedbyTricolored Heron from L. MagogApr. 14 (CV, 12Ange-Gardien,Montmorency, also an unpublishedsighting of andBlue-gray Gnatcatcher. Lake LCo). Out-of-rangeGreat Cor- Apr. 25 (JLp).Lone Barnacle one at Baie-du-FebvreApr. 6, Saint-Jeanisa 40-km-longbody morants were observed at Sainte- Geesepresent at Baie-du-Febvre1986 (DJu). Notable hybrids of watersurrounded by fertile CroixApr. 26 (LCh,DR) andI. Apr. 26 (JDG, CGa, BA) and involveda c• Com.Goldeneye X lowlands located some 160 km desSoeurs Apr. 28-May 1 (fide PlaisanceMay 5 (DP, LP) may BarrowsGoldeneye at Aylmer northof theSt. Lawrence Valley. PBa). Wandering southern have been the same individuals Mar. 17 (MGo) anda goldeneye Migrant and stray birds are heronsincluded single Snowy reportedin 1990. sp. X HoodedMerganser at attractedto thisoutpost of open Egrets at Saint-Etienne-de- Therewas a strongshowing of FranklinMar. 29 (PRM). lowlands in an otherwise contin- BeauharnoisApr. 26-May 1 Europeanducks, with loneEur. uouslandscape of borealforest. (FHi, v.o.), HenryvilleMay 4 The lake is connected to the St. (PBa), and MontmorencyMay LawrenceRiver through a long 24 (SSO), a Little BlueHeron at marine fjord, the Saguenay, Sainte-FoyApr. 29 (GD), and whichserves as a regularflyway L. Saint-Jean'sfirst Tricolored for a number of Arctic-bound Heron,at M•tabetchouanMay migrantsoriginating in theGulf 1-8 (LI, RDm et al.). The only of St. Lawrence.This was again two CattleEgrets of the season illustratedin lateMay by sight- were observedat Baie-du-Febvre ingsof migratingBrant, Purple May 4 (RDs) and near Re- Sandpipers,jaegers (all three pentignyMay 15 (JR,JB), while species),and Arctic Terns. Over two GlossyIbises were encoun- theyears, many European strag- teredat Baie-du-FebvreApr. 30 glersreached Lake Saint-Jean in (PD, RDs),and singles ventured whatwould seem a vainattempt to Saint-Paul-de-l'fie-aux-Noix tofind in NorthAmericaecolog- May 4 (PBa)and Contrecoeur ical conditions similar to those at May25 (fidePBa). thesame latitude in Europe(the A migratingTundra Swan lake is at the same latitude as Apparenthybrid goldeneye (sp.) X HoodedMerganser at Franquelin, wassighted at ValleyfieldMay 1 Quebec,March 29, 1991. Drawing/MichelGosselin, •rem a sketchby Paris).Conversely, western birds (RGo),while a verytame Mute Paul R. Martin.

412- American Birds,Fall 1991 " marshMay 1-12 (CCo, JV). migratingShort-eared Owls was East of normal range were foundat Jonqui•re Apr. 14 (CGi single Marbled Godwits at Quebec'sfirst confirmedRoss' et al.). Two record-earlyWhip- Contrecoeur May 9 (GR), Gull wasa breeding-plumagedpoor-wills were found, at KamouraskaMay 25 (CA,AC), adult seen May 6-11 at PhilipsburgApr. 20 (JGP)and and RimouskiMay 29 (JRP), M•tabetchouan,on the marshy on I. desSoeurs Apr. 21 OAt), whilea PectoralSandpiper was shoreline of then ice-bound whilea Yellow-belliedSapsucker veryearly at Pointe-au-P•reMar. Lake Saint-Jean(CCo, GSa, wasquite early on I. BrionMar. 29 (JRP). NorthboundPurple m.ob.), This long-overdue17 (AP eta/.). A W. Kingbird Sandpiperswere found farther occurrencecame some 165 years wandered to H•bertville, L. w. than usual, with 10 at afterthe species' original discov- Saint-lean,May 24 (LIet al.), PormeufMay 24 (CM), oneto ery,near the mouth of Hudson's whilean E. Kingbirdfound on I. four at Saint-FulgenceMay Bay,only a few hundredmiles BizardMar. 31 (KM) brokethe 25-26 (CCo, GSa, LI), and 70 fromthe Quebec border. provindalarrival record by one on I. BicquetteMay 30 (CN). The NorthAmerican history week.The latter was carefully Ruffs were sightedin above- of Ross'Gull offersa paral• examined; the white tail band averagenumbers, with a female lel with. that of its relative, eliminatedpotential vagrants of at Saint-G•d•onMay 1 (CCo, Litd• Gull. Interestingly,the similarappearance. JV), anotherat Baie-du-Febvre MiStabetchouanbirdwas joined Two N. Rough-winged thesame day (fide PBa), and two by an adultLittle Gull May 7, Swallowsspotted at Saint- malesat LaPocati•re May 19-20 (m.ob.)•Both Ross' and, Litde G•d•on May 17-18 (JI et al.) (JFR,CA). Very rare inland, two gullsare Certainlynot recent representedthe first local sight- RedPhalaropes were off Verdun arrivals on the' continent, as ing since 1967, while a Barn Ross'Gull at M•tabetchouan, May 22 (FGr). ' 5M•Rae for thei•itd e Swallow was record-earlyat Quebec,May 8,1991. First provin- 29II-1:44-45)and Saint-Eus•be Mar. 30 (MB). cial record.Photograph/Mic#el JAEGERS Single Tufted Titmice at Masse. TOTERNS by-th•type-•peclmen •nd 0thor early'?•cørdsbfRoss_• •ulI •g0t- Victoriaville Mar. 1 (ST) and A groupof changingjaegers was eObyB!edsoe and sibley (AB39: IbervilleMar. 30 (GSe)added m VULTURES TO observedflying W alongthe •19'-•7)•Al•fig wi• SaNne•last winter's massive invasion. SHOREBIRDS Saguenayoff Saint-Fulgence•ulll •tWo •rctic 6rboreal The last report was of oneor two TurkeyVulture should no longer May 28 (CCo, GSa, BD). This nesters,-with littleLknown Off- at L. Bromeuntil Apr. 22 (fide beconsidered rare in theQuebec coincidedwith passageof a IF). Cityarea, with 13reported there group of Arctic Terns, and Rossi,'Sabines, and:Little g•s Northof their breeding range andfarther e. alongthe Estuary involvedat leastone Pomarine, ireanrged inthe ge;as werelone Blue-gray Gnatcatch- this spring.A Rough-legged25 Parasitic,and two Long- Deville in CaOen ers at Cap-TourmenteMay 12 Hawk at OrmstownMay 26 tailedjaegers. Lacks;Dictiq•ary0fBirds.(RGi, DC), Sainte-Hedwidge (DDa) was late. Exceptional Onlyone Laughing Gull was Give•the iCan• ornithol0gi• May 18 (LV,AD), andBeauport numbersof Gyrfalconscontin- foundinland, at LaSalleMay 31 cal cove.rage:oœ much' of 3n. May 23 (JMG). A Townsends uedto beseen in s.Quebec, with (JMu), while observersencoun- Solitaireat Saint-RaymondMay 13 sightingsin Marchand early tered greater numbers of 'canal,b6th:Ros• •reeding•8 Eittlkgroun•si• ds of 15 (DG) furnisheda rare spring April. Groups of Willow Franklins Gulls than usual this •0t• &•rica may•e •pre sightingfor thisspecies, while a Ptarmiganalso lingered after the spring.Singles were identified at eit•nsiv$th'an cui?•fitlY beli•ed VariedThrush photographed at winter invasion, with seven at M•tabetchouanMay 1 (CCo, an• maypossiBl• be expanding LafontaineMar. 24 (FL) may Sainte-Elizabeth,L. Saint-lean, JV)andAylmer May 28 (BMD); like•ose 0•many 9ther gulls: I_n have been the same bird seen at Mar. 17 (JMr), 80 or morenear two were seen at Rivi•re-Ouelle nearbySaint-J•r6me last winter. ChibougamauMar. 30-31 (PBr, May 30 (CA, MV); butparticu- uladon ofRossSGdll iNthe:Yana- Seldom recorded in the DL), andfive on Mt. ValinApr. larly surprisingwere the nine MagdalenIs., a BrownThrasher 4 (CCa). Franklinsreportedly seen at reaching• 50;000, npt visitedHavre-Aubert May 26 TwoSandhill Cranes in flight Etang-du-NordApr. 21-22 accountingfor die numerous:(FS etal.). at Sainte-MartheApr. 60An) (BL),which would represent the •glib}e•alrsthat;tay away •'m VIREOS TO andone at ThursoMay 5 OH) firstrecord for the archipdago. A nestin•grounds* (Degty•ev were migrants,but a pair at Corn. Black-headed Gull was •990,Zoo1. Zhu•-al •0•2]: FINCHES Saint-Augustin,L Saint-lean, locallyrare at La BaieMay 4 8185). Thefirst L. Saint-JeanWarbling throughoutMay, wasobserved (HS). Only two LesserBlack- Vireo since 1978 was at Saint- to copulate(SL eta/.). backedGulls were reported, at G•ddonMay 24 (GSa, CCo). Two LesserGolden-Plovers, Aylmerin March (fideRLD), TwoYellow-rumped Warblers of rarein spring,were identified at while unusual inland was a Great the 'Shudubon's" form were Baie-du-FebvreMay 19 (DJv), Black-backed Gull at Mont- CUCKOOS TO reportedat RimouskiMay 4 while sevenPiping Plovers on LaurierApr. 14 (EB). THRASHERS (JRP), while a c3 Cerulean the MagdalenIs. Apr.28 (fide A CaspianTern waslocally The Regions earliest ever Warbler was well n. of normal PF)were the earliest ever by one rareat BeauportMay 18 (MAB), Yellow-billed Cuckoo was dis- range at Saint-Romauld- day.La Pocati•re was again visit- while a Roseate Tern at I. aux coveredat Aylmer May 19 d'EtcheminMay 19 (MAL, ed by a Willet May 17 (CA), CochonsMay 19 (FS) wasthe (RLD). Remnantsof this win- LLo). Noteworthywere single while Chambordrepresented a earliest ever recorded in the ter's owl invasion included sever- Connecticut Warblers at Saint- new L. Saint-Jeanlocale for Region.Migrating Arctic Terus al N. HawkOwls, a GreatGray Thomas-de-JolietteMay 12 Upland Sandpipers:four were werenoted at L. Sainte-Jean(JI Owl at BoileauMar. 13 (AJG), (JDG) andSaint-Fulgence May found there May 20 (CCo, et al.), on the Ottawa R., at and lone Boreal Owls at Lac- 26 (JI), aswas a Yellow-breasted GSa).Quebec's first document- Aylmer(TB, BMD), andon the BeauportMar. 9 (FBe)and Laval Chat mist-nettedat Longueuil ed Eurasian Whimbrel fre- Upper St. Lawrenceat LaSalle Mar. 26-Apr. 1 (GL). A note- May 13 and seenuntil May 15 quented the Saint-G•d•on (PBa),all May 24-29. worthy concentrationof 24 (MR, DDa). A 9 Summer

Volume45, Number 3' 413 LeConte's Sparrows were detect- Atkinson (JAt), C. Auchu, Y. ed at ManiwakiMay 11 (GB) Bachand,P. Bannon(PBa), M. NEWENGLAND andCap-Tourmente, where two Beaulieu, T. Beck, E B•dard werepresent May 19 (CB,MD). (FBe), A.G. Bernier,N. Binet, REGION Vagrantsparrows from the west D. Bouchard, G. Bouchard,E Simon A. Perkins included a White-crowned Bourret (FBo), E. Brault, J. Sparrowof the gambeliitype, Brisson, M.A. Brochu, C. found at ChicoutimiMay 16 Brodeur,E Brousseau(PBr), D. (CGi), and two Dark-eyed Campeau,C. Caron (CCa), L. This may soundlike a broken Juncosof the "pink-sided"or Charest (LCh), C. Cormier record,but temperaturesthis mearnsitype, photographed at (CCo), A. C6t•, L. Cousineau springaveraged well above nor- Saint-Honor4Apr. 26 (JV). (Leo), C. Cyr (CCy),G. Cyr,J. mal,with May a full 4ø warmer Anotherw. femalewas present at Cyr, A. Daigle,D. Daigneault than the 121-yearnorm. This Saint-Elz4ar,T&niscouata, Apr. (DDa), M. Darveau,N. David, followed one of the warmest 26 (RD). S. David, D. D•coste(DDe), R. winters on record, and this fol- An impressivetotal of 11,760 Demers (RDm), P. Deschlnes, lowing...We'd better get used to Snow Buntings, with 80 R. Deschlnes (RDs), B. it! This chapterof "Global LaplandLongspurs, was record- Desgagn•,B.M. DiLabio, G. warmin•The earlyyears" high- edat L. it la Croix,L. Saint-lean, DubS, R.L. Dubois, I. Ferrier,R. lightsa predictableand increas- May 5 (CGi, JI, JV). At least Fortin,P. Fradette,E Gagnon inglyprevalent theme: southern two Yellow-headed Blackbirds (FGa), S. Gagnon, C.P. birdsmoving north. The list remainedat Ch&eauguay Mar. 7 Gauthier, C. Gauvreau(CGa), beginswith Black-capped Petrel, (SD) & 16 (PBa),while onewas J.D. Gauvreau,A.J. Gilbert,D. BrownPelican, and Anhinga, seenat RoxboroMay 5 (MS).A Gingras,R. Gingras(RDi), C. movingthrough Reddish Egret, vagrantc• OrchardOriole was Girard (CGi), J.M. Giroux, R. twospecies of kites,and nesting singingin downtownMontreal Gomm (RGo), M. Gr•goire Yellow-throated Warblers, and May27 (DJk). (MGr), E Grenon (FGr), J. L. concludeswith a truly tropical Quebec'sfirst Brambling was Grondin, E Hamel (FHa), J. indicator species: Shiny a male at a Sainte-HedwidgeHarris, E Hilton (FHi), J. Cowbird. feederMay 13-17 (NB, v.o.).It Ibarzabal,L. Imbeau,D. Jackson Nonbelieversmay wish to use seemsthat HouseFinches may (DJk), D. Janvin (DJv), D. the GreatGray Owl in Maine soon be established in the Jutras (DJu), G. Lachaine,J. andThree-toed Woodpecker in Saguenayand L. Saint-Jean Lachance(JLc), J. Lapointe RhodeIsland to refuteglobal region; a female was pho- (JLp), J. Lariv& (JLr), F. warming.But is it validto com- tographedat the latter feeder Lavall•e, J. Lavoie (JLv), B. pareone species' response to cli- Apr. 1-4 (NB), anotherwas seen Leblanc,L. Le Blanc (LLe), S. maticchange at the northern at Saint-Honor•Apr. 21 (FGa), Leboeuf, D. Legault, M.A. limit of its rangeto another Male Bramblingat Sainte- two males were identified at Lemieux, R. Lepage, V. species'response at its southern Hedwidge,Quebec, May 13-17, Anse Saint-JeanMay 18 (JI), L•tournean, E L•vesque,L limit? Probablynot. For one 1991. First provincialrecord. andup to 30 birdsinvaded feed- Longchamps(LLo), C. Mar- thing, an "expanding"species Photograph/NicoleBinet. ers at Sacr•-Coeurthis spring cotte, J. Martin (JMa), ER. expands,presumably in part (RM, JLv). House Finchesare Martin, L. Messely,J. Moreau becausethey havedeveloped a Tanagerwas a good find at now also nestingat Mont- (JMr), M. Morency,R. Mortin, way to exploitan unoccupied WestmountMay 20 (GSe,ND, Laurierin w. Quebec(RLD). J. Mountjoy(JMu), K. Murphy, niche. VoO.). Red Crossbillsstaged a minor C. Nadeau, P. Otis, C. Ouellet, Further,most bird species Sightingof an imm. c• Blue eruptionin theUpper Saguenay, J.G. Papineau, H. Par•, M. activelyshifting ranges no doubt Grosbeakat LongueuilApr. 30 with6 sightingsofup to 15birds Pageau, D. Parenteau, L. moveat different rates along dif- (DDa), twoIndigo Buntings at thisspring (fide GSa). Parenteau,J.R. Pelletier, A. ferentfronts. For example, they MagdalenIs. feeders Apr. 26-28 Poirier,P. Potdin, A. Rasmussen may relinquishrange along a (DDe, CCy etal.), and many c• EX011CS (ARa),A. Reed(ARe), J. Rivest, southernborder more slowly IndigoBuntings at feedersfrom There were no clues as to the ori- M. Robert, G. Rompr•, D. than they gain rangein the RimouskiMay 3 (CPG) to gin of a GreylagGoose found Rousseau,J.E Rousseau, M. north. A speciesthat appears Amqui May 8 (DB, JC) and amongCanada Geese at Saint- Sardi, G. Savard (GSa), G. staticin New Englandmay be Chandlerlater in May (fidePP) Jean-Port-JoliApr. 18 & 27 Seutin (GSe), E Shaffer, H. extendingits range elsewhere. coincided with a substantial (CO), while a N. Bobwhiteat Simard,R. Simard,J.C. Sorel,S. Of course, if the earth is invasion of blue cardinalines in Saint-HyacintheMay 21 (JMa) St-Onge, S. Therrien, M. warmingrapidly, the biggest the Maritimes.Probably as a mayhave been a localescapee. A Turgeon,M. Vaillancourt,C. problemfacing many boreal result of this invasion,lone 9 RingedTurtle-Dove was report- Vandereyden,J. Villeneuve,L. speciesis one of space:most Blue Grosbeaks were found at ed at granby Apr. 2-June 3 Vinette.•CHARD YANK, boreal forest obligates(e.g: NeuvilleMay 8-16 (PO, MD) (MT); and finally, a Eur. 566 Chester Road, Beacons- Boreal Chickadee, Three-toed andTewkesberry May 13 (JLG, Goldfinchwas among a flockof field, PQ H9W 3K1, YVES Woodpecker,Gray Jay,Spruce fide JMG), and a male at EveningGrosbeaks atAmos Apr. AUBRY, Canadian Wildlife Grouse)do not havethe luxury HaldimandMay 9-16 (MM). 17 (MP,fideAGB). Service, P. O. Box 10100, of shiftingnorthward as dimate A Rufous-sided Towbee still Sainte-Foy,PQ G1V 4H5, and and invadingspecies squeeze at Saint-Emile Mar. 22 (SSO) Corrigendnm:The report ofa N. MICHEL GOSSELIN, Orni- them from the south. Their should be added to last seasons Wheatear at Desbienslast fall thology Section, Canadian rangeis alreadydefined by the listofwinterers. A Grasshopper(AB45:73) should be deleted. Museum of Nature, P.O. Box treeline.They havenowhere to Sparrowat Cap-TourmenteMay 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON goexcept onto open tundra. 25 (RL, FHa) wasn. of its estab- Contfibut0r•and ob•rver•: J. KIP 6P4. Despitethis ratherominous lishedbreeding range. Migrant Andersen(JAn), B. Assdin,J. view,New Englanders enjoyed a

414. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 StellwagenBank, a Manx wind flow May 11 & 12 pro- ShearwaterApr. 17 (L. Barraf) duceda fly-byBrown Pelican at and eight Sooty ShearwatersNauset Beach, Orleans, Cape Apr.22 (SH)were a bitearly. Cod, May 12 (J. Dowal, S. A completesurprise was a Thibodeau).Though still rare in F]•, Pterodromapetrelon Stellwagen New England,such sightings •XSt.L,q•ark BankApr. 22, photographedhavebecome somewhat expect- (• • Black-cappedandtentatively Petrel identified (SH).as edrecovery since andthe species'subsequent post-DDTexpan- MAINE ,E2• .. Photoswere sent to EA. Buckley, sion up the Atlantic seaboard. DavidLee, and R.R. Veit,who Roundingout the Pelicaniform ',•Sra,t•loßChartl•a/n aaogo,.Mach•as. • concurredwith thelist, anAnhinga soaringover 'Burlinfi10n • identification.This represented Lincoln, MA, Apr. 18 (I.C.T. ?De•rvl•eek• • "d•• the2ndfirst sighting confirmedfor Massachusettsrecordand sightNisbet) providedrecord the for3rd or4ththe VT NH./'v o • waters,George'stheBank first Mar. coming 23, 1977from Commonwealth.As scarceas LeastBitterns ' C..... vøm•.•'•de / R coastal(AB31:1056). stormApr.A fairly21 no intense doubt appearthis year toreports bein were NewevenEngland, fewer OuaObin#l•.ewbu•jpo•t.,• broughtthis bird with it. As for than usual.One wonders Res. • MABoston ;ton•. t- theseemingly early date, Lee whetherabird heard calling for CT/-•'•mo• • 't pointsoutthat Black-cappeds severaldaysin late May from a ..ewHav•Vtoe•• includingoccuroffHatterasinallmonths, mid-winter, so a Widrig)marshinhad Steuben, luck locating ME a mate (R. ß ' ...... / r• vagrantcould appear in New nearthe n. limit of the species' "'3.,• Englandatany time. breedingrange. • NorthernGannets are con- ThreeGreat Egrets in inland sideredrare in Long Island MassachusettsatHampdenApr. productiveandexciting season. [00NSTO Sound,so 7 sightingsMar. 18, Hatfield May 3, and In additionto southernbirds, PalSES 27-Apr.7 involvingperhaps as PittsfieldMay 26 (fideSK) were coastalspecies found inland Atleast two Pacific/Arctic Loons manyas 19 birdsbetween Old noteworthy.Connecticut estab- includedKing Eider and were reported. One off Saybrookand Hammonasset/lished new record-early dates for LaughingGull; western strays Duxbury,MA, Mar.11 (WRP) MilfordPt., CT, representeda 2 heronspecies: a Little Blue in includedEared Grebe and Band- mayhave been the same bird veritableinvasion. The strong S WestportMar. 28 (J.Fengler), tailedPigeon. New state records seen20 mi downthe coastin and a Tricolored at Old wereestablished in Maine and Januaryand February(RPA). ß SaybrookMar. 16-25 (J. Hand Connecticut. Another,reported as a "Pacific," etal.), a fullmonth earlier than As birdingbecomes incteas- discoveredoff MaschaugBeach, everbefore. inglypopular and the meshof RI, on thelate date of Mar. 24 the "dragnet"continues to (CR), wasapparently in breed- shrink,different birders will ingplumage. Unfortunately no inevitablyfindthesame individ- details were received forthe Amonglarge .waders, thereal ualrarities at differentlocations. RhodeIsland bird. Apparently ihow •oppe• was•a •sh. Thiswill place agreater empha- neither Arctic nor Pacific Loon •at the•B.•SMay 12 sison complete details accompa- has ever been definitely, • Hale)•ph• RP). • th• B•øWn nyinga rare bird report. Such identified in New England. Peli•b• Cape •, the•gret detailsmay not only provide When and if it occurs,it will wasa.bn•day wond• and vitaldocumentation ofa sight- probably involve abird in breed- wasPrøbably home N onthe ingbut also allow comparison ingplumage. Please note corn- •trofigSwindflow inlhis •eriod. betweensightings, perhaps to ments and references under Butunlike the onl•0the•.'$tate determinewhether those sight- these species inlast spring's New Reddish'Egrei(abird which elud• ingsinvolved thesame bird. An Englandreport. edeffortS,ofseveral COllectors for immatureSandhill Crane miss- A Red-neckedGrebetarried days.o• •9no•oy i. 'in1953), inga primaryfrom the right untilMay 27 at Nabant,MA theWellfl eet bird was.doCUment- wingwill be highly traceable (HRS); two Eared Grebes made edwi• identifiabl• photograp• evenifobservers reportit from rare spring showings at Old •duringitsbr•vi•it.-Thus,acam- sites50 miles apart, aslong as Saybrook,CT,Mar. 10-25 (J. •ra•Ucceede•-where a gunhad thatlevel of detail isrecorded Hand) and at Marthas •leckTomeS.es • thelens is andreported. Vineyard,MA, Mar.16-17 mighfie•thanthebore. (VL);and single W. Grebesreap- lbl•eviations: M.B.O. pearedfor the 2nd and 3rd con- (MahometBird Observator3 secutive years, respectively, in Two singleGlossy Ibises Plymouth,MA); Mr. A. (Mr. Rye,NH, Mar.8 (B.Mack) and maderare inland appearances in AuburnCemetery, Cambridge, Hull, MA, Mar. 13-Apr. 13 (D. Massachusetts,inWayland Apr. MA);M.I.N.W.R. (Monomoyls. Brown etal.)...... 10 (SP)and in HadleyMay Nat'lWildli• Refuge, Chatham, Among the few robenose Adult Reddish Egretat Wellfieet 10-13(J.Withgott). MA); El. (Plum Island,reports, 25N. Fulmarsand 110 BayWilfllife Sallct#•7, Wel•eet, Newburyport,MA); W.B.W.S.Wilson's Storm-Petrels were at Massaehasetts,May11,1991. WATERFOWL (•llfleetBay•ldli• Sanctuar3 Cashe'sLedge in theGulf of Secondstate record. FiveTundra Swan sightings was •llfleet,MA). Maine May 27 (RPA);on Phot0graph/R.Prescott. aboveaverage, even though

Volume 45, Number 3- reportsfrom Mashpee,MA, theMorris/Litchfield town line Mar.10 (P.Trimble) and May17 (FM et al.). A probable Nantucket,MA,Mar. 21 (EFA) 2ndbird was well described by • Pere•neFalcons condhu• mayhave involved thesame an amateurbirdwatcher in their recovery. bird.The other three were in Wellesley,MA, Apr. 5 (G. werecast in a differentlight Concord,NH,Mar. 27 (TR), Loud). WhenpiiCed in d•i•t Wi•h Northampton,MA,Mar. 24-30 Mostsurprising wereappear- appt•? enda9ger• sp.e•iqs. Qn (fideSK), and another (?)in ancesofan Am. Swallow-tailed BirdLinM•on,•.tw9 pre- Bratdeboro,VT,Mar. 30-Apr. 8 Kitein Eastford, CT,on the q•in•mig•nt•set hp-•arn• •n (W.Nichols). recordearly date of Mar. 7 (B. thelighthouse:at precisely the SingleGreater White-front- Holland)and the same or 2nd timewhefi'0verhalf•ffllNo•h ed Geesewere reported from individualin W. Yarmouth, •edcan Roseate:Ternswere:'. Macbias,ME,Apr. 11-14 (CD) CapeCod, MA, the next day (D. returBingtonest Oere. When I andCheshire, MA,Mar. 20-21 & N. Forg)!The morning of theYbeg ankilling atl•ast thre$ , (fideSK). The latter furnished a Mar.3saw the mercury riseto a Ros•ates a d•y, the firstBerkshire record, though, as record70ø onbrisk S winds.MaSSachus• Diasion always,theorigin ofsuch birds is Evenifthese winds didn't actual- FNhedes and Wildli • andthe anyone'sguess. Snow Geese were ly bringthis/these bird(s) direct- MassachusettsAudubon Sodety most numerousin the lyto New England, they almost deCided to relocate the falco ns ChamplainValley, VT, where certainlypointed them in that onceit was determ!he• "upto 3000per day" were direction. Werenot a matedP•; When countedthrough March (R. Threeto fourMississippi trapped, thefirst individUal•i LaVaflee).Theonly inland Brant Asto,,mling foraninlnnd loeotiou Kites were reported. CapeCod found tobe ayearling, ban•edas.. wasonein Colchester, VT,Apr. wnsthi$fioeko•t,n#ingœid,rsinPittsfield, Massachusetts, on (thespot inNew England for a chick inGreenland! •Zpre• 27(D. Cargill). •rii27,IIVJ1. Photograph/ kitewatching) claimed allbut breederwith a w•ll•stocke• Followinganoff-year last Jerr•Sham•an$ one:an immatureat the larder,ithad been inn0 hurry to spring,in which no Eurasian W.B.W.S.May5 (RP),and one leave;but once relea•d i• Green-wingedTealwere report- ortwo birds (age not described) Newburyport, MA,it was n.ev•: ed,a respectablefourwere during migration, onlyone or accountingfor2 sightings Apr. seen:again. Meanwhile th••hd reportedthis spring:two in two haveever been found in 25 in Chatham(WB) and bird disappeared•v91up•tadly, MassachusettsonP.I. Apr. 8-14 inland New England.Eastham (W.Swift). An ad. allowingtheterns tog•t dow•t6 (R.Hooker) and in Concord,Astonishing, therefore, wasa MississippiKitein Luhec, ME, business(seethe temacconnts•. Mar.10 (S.Ells), and two were flockof 10 on L. Pontoosucin May25 (E. & S.Nielson), seen in Old Lyme,CT, Mar.24 (J. Pittsfield,MA, May 5 (J. heading NE toward the Morin) and Milford Mar. Shampang,ph). Canadianborder, furnished an 30-Apr.19 (R. English). Where HarlequinDucks were also in overduefirst state record. Given falconerflying his Peregrine in doEurasian Wigeons from win- goodsupply, particularly atthe 2 the annual frequencyof Northamptonwas thrilled yet tergo in thesummer? Eclipsed most traditional New England Mississippi Kite sightingsin horrifiedto suddenlysee a wild obscurity?Winterholdovers this sites:21 weresdll at Marthas Massachusetts,it seems likely Gyrfalconengage his "green" springwere reportedfrom VineyardApr. 23 (VL),and 96 thatthe tardiness of this latter bird in aerialcombat. The Providence,RI, Mar. 17 (D. representedarecord-highRhoderecordismore afunction ofbird- traineesurvived the skirmish, Finisia),W. Haven,cm, Mar. Islandcount at SachuestPoint erdensity than a reflection of the but theGyrfalcon remained in 1-25 (C. Barnard),and Mar.22 (fideDE). Two drakes spedes'vagrancy pattern. theareauntilatleastApr.22and Plymouth,MA, Mar. 1-20 lingeredatNahant, MA, May 27 March28 winds were strong continuedtomen.ace any falcon (RPAetaL). (RHS). fromthe southall day in the thatshowed itself. Meanwhile, Justas we were beginning to A stagingraft of 12,000, Region.Hawks moving on those birderscaught wind of the story feelcomfortable with the idea of White-wingedScoters off windsincluded five Red-shoul- and converged from all quarters, wild BarnacleGeese in New NantucketMay 17-19 (SP) was deredHawks between Saco and somebearing gifts of quarry. On England,wewere informed that breakingupon May19, asflocks Yarmouth, ME (G. Carson,L. at least2 occasions,captive the sixfrom the CapeSable peeledoff on theirnext leg of Brinker),another nine Red- pheasantswere launched asfod- IslandCBC that wintered on migration.Migrant Barrow's shouldereds in 2 hoursin der, and stunnedonlookers Cape Cod were/arereleased Goldeneyes were found inland Deering,NH (I. MacLeod),and watchedas the redpient oblig- birds(see Atlantic Provinces in Acton, MA, Apr. 3 (R.Hale) 123Am. Kestrels in 3 hourson inglyand very swiftly accepted Winter 1991 report).Upon andBurlington, VT, Mar.9 (T. El. (A. Dasinger).A very early theirofferings. The controver- theirdeparture from the Cape, Hall) and VernonMar. 29 Broad-wingedHawkwas report- sialtopic of feedingwildlife has theyvisited Bangor, ME, Apr.18 (TM). edfrom E. Haven,CT, Mar. 10 beentaken to a newlevel! (C. Holbrook)and Hopkinton, (E. Shove).Highest single-day Wild Turkeyreintroduction NH, Apr. 20 (TR). An •PTORSTO tallyfor Broad-wingeds was 140 effortsin e. Massachusettsare unconfirmedreport of a single CP,$I•E$ in Granville,MA, Apr. 26 (SK), beginningto show more BarnacleGoose came from Withoutthe benefit of reports wellbelow average. widespreaddividends, reflected Greenville,RI, Mar. 18 (fide fromdesignated hawk watches Theusual scattered reports of bysightingsinBoxford,Ipswich, DE). thisseason, raptor migration was GoldenEagles included alinger- Danvers,Bedford, Sudbury, KingEiders were sdll present difficultto assess.Anecdotal ing wintererat QuabbinRes., Bridgewater,Sherborn, and intoApril in mostusual spots, informationsuggests the flight MA,single immatures in Great Middleboro.A Black Rail heard withno fewer than 10 in coastal was relatively slow, yet not with- Barrington,MA, Apr. 13 (T. at Lordship,CT, May 24 (FM, Massachusetts,onein Maine, six outa fewhighlights. ByApr. 5, French)and Williston, VT, Apr. T.Baptis0 continued tocall into inNew Hampshire, andthreein 118Ospreys were back in the 11 (P. Riley),and a birdof Juneand raised suspicions of RhodeIsland. Despite the fact Westport,MA, colony (G. & J. unspeCifiedagein Bangor,ME, nesting.Though Black Rails that King Eiders,like all sea Fernandez);in Connecticut,a Mar.27(M. K.Lucey, fideJD). havenever been more than rare ducks,make overlandflights BlackVtdture sailed NW over Sometimein mid-March,a nestersin Connecticutand have

416. American Birds,Fall 1991 notbeen proven to nestfor over Godwitsare rare anywherein Provincetown,MA, May 12 a century,the possibilitystill New Englandin spring,so the $,A. (VL). Hfteen to 20 yearsago, when Lesser Black-backed Gull exists. occurrence of three birds in 3 Roseate Terns had a close shave states was most unusual. A singleSandhill Crane may thisspring. Roughly 1700 pairs wasstill a novelty,most reports haveaccounted for 4 sightingsin Localities included Steuben, (alongwith 1800 pairs of Corn. came from Cape Cod and as many towns in s. Maine, ME, May 10 (RW), Norwalk, Terns) nest each year in Nantucket, MA. However, in betweenScarborough and Cape CT, May 18 (FM et al.), and Buzzard'sBay on Bird I. in the last5 years,sightings have ElizabethApr. 15 through May 2 Jerusalem,RI, May 23 (S. Marion,MA, This colonycon- increasedsubstantially to the (fideJD). Four MassachusettsHaydock). talns over half the breeding north, while reportsfrom the sightingsbetween Apr. 3 and Rare inland in spring, Roseate Terns in North America Capeand islands have dropped May 8, includingthree on Cape Dunlinswere found in Wayland, and over 98% of those in off significantly.Among five Codand one in MarshfieldApr. MA, Apr. 20 (SP), one in Massachusetts. reportedthis spring, four were n. 3-8, probably involved two Vernon,VT, May 18 (JC), and With so manyeggs in one of theCape. Noteworthy were a biMs. two on the same day in basket,so to speak,the popula- 3rd-yearbird inlandin Bolton, Arlington (B. Powers). A tion is highly susceptibleto MA, May 9 (C. Quinlan)and a SHOREBIRDS remarkableflurry of three' catastrophicfailure, To stabilize 2nd-year bird in Rye,NH, May THROUGH ALCIDS Curlew Sandpipers in the situation,last year the 30 (PH, TL), in a statethat sees few LesserBlack-backeds. The mostextraordinary shore- Massachusettsin a 5-dayspan Massachusetts Division of bird reportof the seasonwas a includedbreeding plumaged Fisheriesand Wildlife, as part of Roundingout the larid list flock of 44 Lesser Golden- birdsin NewburyportMay 22 a morecomprehensive North was a probableGlaucous X Ploversin a saltmarshin Rye, (JM) and PlymouthBeach and Americanrecovery program, ini< Herringhybrid on Nantucket NH, May 30 (PH, TL). This M.I.N.W.R., bothMay 27, both j•atedan attemptto inducea May 18(ph. SP). This represent- probablyrepresents a record- found by the sameobserver •rtionof t• blrdstO •hift •0 edat leastthe 5th statereport of highspring total for the entire (GWG)! anothernearbyisland= this hybridtype in the last 12 eastern seaboard!Typically, TwoStilt Sandpipers were at Whenrwo Peregrine Falcom years.All fivehave been first- or LesserGoldens are very uncom- P.I.May 20-30 (S.Miller etal.), (ieethat?account) set up•mp 2nd-yearbirds and have looked mon springmigrants in New and four Ruffs this season on BirdI. at preciselythe t•e mostlike GlaucousGull, being England.According to Bull included single Reeves in whenth• }• .werer•ternih•, similarin size,with overallpale (Birdsof New forkState, 1974), Marshfield,MA, May 18 (D. jokessurfaced that. the falco• plumage,little primaryprojec- the nearestsizable spring flocks Clapp),Newburyport Harbor, werepart of theinducement tionbeyond the tail, and a simi- (upto 100birds) have occurred MA, Apr. 27 (RHS) and •i•i• Butit .was joke. larly large,bicolored bill. The in w. New York, alongLake ScarboroughMarsh, ME, May most conspicuousdifferences Ontario,but thereis no prece- 31 (JD). The only malewas a includeabroad, pale gray-brown dent for displacementof large birdmolting into black plumage preferencefor Ro•ea•e•ove/ terminalband on the tail, pale flocks to the east. discoveredat El. Apr.9. By the Commonsand were Ifilling 3: Ii gray-brownprimaries, and gray- Even without the New timeit left(May 4), it wasa stun- res•ively,'every'day! Ti• • brownsecondaries that, in flight, Hampshire birds, Lesser ningglossy black, had appeared cons wer•creafifi •acfly the forma duskybar along the trail- Golden-Plovers were more in at least 4 towns, and had •e bf •roblern•t-waS*for•- ingedge of the wing. numerousthan usual this spring. becomequite accustomedto Amongroughly 10 Caspian s•en • pote•ti•lly'•a.tasfrophid Terns, all but one were in Two Maine birds included indi- beingfollowed around by ador- Thf falconstik!watdy d9pa?• , vidualsin ScarboroughApr. 5 ingfans. 'butriot befor•i the• h• d eaU•d Massachusetts:Napatree Point, and TurnerApr. 8 & 11 (JD); Wilson's Phalaropes,note- $1m0stcomp!et • 915•nd0n•fnt RI, May24(CR); the most note- two or three birds were at worthyinland, were in Halifax, Of.the dolony.Thgfear d•l- worthywas a bird at Quabbin NapatreePoint and Quicksand MA, May 2 (K. Ryan) and that the: terns would fail Res.Apr. 28 (JM). Rarelyseen Pond,RI, betweenApr. 20-May Hatfield, MA, May I (D. the season..At inlandin NewEngland, this bird 6 (CR). Among birds in Stempie);another in coastal ; hadreturned mayhave been blown there dur- Massachusetts were three Milford,CT, May 28 (TS)was a ;nlqy•nga pro• ing the storma weekearlier. togetherin S.Dartmouth May 8 localsurprise. discriveseaSøn (S:Hecker)?Fhe Forster's Terns made another (LCES) and a bird on Marth•fs Additional inland rarities e•nt' yieldi:dinf6re&ting infor - rarespring appearance. One was VineyardApr. 4-12 (VL). This weresingle Laughing Gulls in marion about the • birds' seenin Westport,CT, Apr. 18 latter bird, describedas being Concord,MA, Apr. 21 (RAF et respnse; far 0wn7no (FP);another in basicplumage verybright, with a particularly al.) andPittsfield, MA, May 18 •nstead,.the •ast accountedfor 2 sightingsat yellowsupercillium, may have (R. Laubach). The only • •irnplydispersed to MarthasVineyard May 26-28 beena basicplumaged "Pacific" FranklinsGull wasa breeding •ters •nd wailed.' On (VL), and M.I.N.W.R. 3 days GoldenPlover (P. [d.] fulva). plumagedadult in Province- later (BN, VL). Consideredby some to bea sepa- town,MA, May 28 & 30 (SP, Alddswere relatively numer- ratespecies, this form has been KJ). Massachusettsyielded the ; Jnthe waters around NantUcket ousthis winter off CapeCod, so definitivelyidentified only once onlyLittle Gulls: three adults in (SP)an• Martha's,-Vin•ard it wasnot surprising tofind birds in theeast, in Maine(fide AOU NewburyportHarbor Apr. 14 •)?6Ughly 20•0 mi •røm liugeriuginto April and May. A checklist). (WRP), where at leasttwo lin- Blr• I. Ofil• a handful0f Corn. Murre and a Thick-billed A PipingPlover appeared in gereduntil May 23, andsingle C6rnM0n'si•d Ro•t•; neskon Murre were still off Province- Stratford,CT, Mar. 3 (E Gallo), immaturesat M.I.N.W.R. May the Vineyard;none nest on townApr. 4 (KJ); a Common only4 dayslater than the earliest 7 (BN) and MarthasVineyard NantUcke{•Apparent!y these lingered there until Apr. 9; a staterecord; a "Western"Willet, May 14-25(VL etal.). •ete th• Bi?dI.?birds] Most of Razorbillwas still there May 25 rarein New Englandin spring, Late Iceland Gulls included •1, •e eventunaersc0red ,he (KJ). wasfound at M.I.N.W.R. May five immatureson Nantucket I., •brtfih•i• 6f,th&i•1ocati0n 31 (BN); Monomoyalso pro- MA, May 18 (SP),an immature PIGEONS TO RAVENS projectPresendy Underway in One of the most notable birds of duceda Bar-tailedGodwit (race in Westbrook,CT, May 28 (TS B•rd•s Bay( lapponica)for the 3rd yearin a et al.), andan adult(usually the the season was a Band-tailed row May 19 (BN). Marbled firstto depart)especially late in Pigeonthat visited a feederin N.

Volume45, Number 3 ' 417 watchin Princeton,MA, Apr. 28 (P.Roberts).

THRUSHESTO COWBIRDS Two winter-holdover Varied Thrushesboth disappearedin April.The Goshen, CT, bird was last seenon Apr. 8, and the Wrentham, MA, bird vanished onApr. 4. Above-averagespring countsfollowing below-average Christmas count numbers of BohemianWaxwings in n. New Englandsuggests that many of thebirds moved into the Region later in the winter. More than 1000 this spring in Maine included at least 400 in SearsportMar. 24 (J. Hinds et al.); over 400 in Vermont included a flock of 220 still in BurlingtonApr. 4 (J.Allen). Similarly,N. Shrikeslingered Band-tailedPigeon at NorthConway, New Hampshire, in March1991. Secondstate record. into earlyspring in above-aver- PhotograplVChdstopherLewey. age numbersthroughout the Region,following their own Conwa)gNH, Mar. 6-24 (ph. ed in w. Massachusetts,in Rhode Island's first Three-toed invasionthis past winter. The N. Stedman).This wasthe 2nd Northampton May 8 (M. Woodpecker,which spent much oneLoggerhead Shrike reported Band-tailed ever recorded in Slaney)and Longmeadow May of thewinter at BurlingameS.P. thisspring continued a pattern NewHampshire and represent- 26 (N. Eaton).Chimney Swifts in Chariestown,was last report- of decline. That individual was edonly the 5th or 6th Regional arrivedin Massachusettsvery edApr. 15 (C. Harten). early on P.I. Mar. 16-21 (W. record.A highof 12Short-eared early.Three were in Westwood Two singing d Acadian Cooperet al.). Owls Mar. 23-24 in S. Apr. 9 (B. Wicks), and four Flycatchersin Guilford, VT, Most of these totals were Burlington,VT (E. Cecchini) appearedin Newburyportthe May 27-31 (WGE, NLM) may attainedin the 3-hourperiod wasan encouraging sign. nextday (W. Drew). havebeen a previewof thingsto between 0645 and 0945. At A Great Gray Owl madea AsRed-bellied Woodpeckers come, as the species continues to about 0930, the wind increased surpriseappearance in Rumford, continued their slow northward extendits breeding range north; from15 mph to 20-25 mph out ME, Mar. 27-Apr. 2 (E. expansionthis spring, a totalof an Acadian handed on of theW, andvery abruptly the Thibodeau,K. Disney,ph.). fourin NewHampshire indud- AppledoreI., ME, May28 (DH) aerialcomponent of the flight The seasonsonly 2 Chuck- ed a pair copulatingin Hollis waspushing the limits as well. A ceased.However, smallflocks of will'sWidows were both report- May 22 (J. Stone,fide DD). veryearly Cliff SwallowMar. 9 10-20 warblers continued to (fideRHS) in Falmouth,MA, arrivefrom low overthe dunes, waslikely caught up in thesame somepitching into the thickets, S.A. flow that brought the Am. pausingbriefly before continu- TheMassachusetts islands of Nantucket and Marthas Vineyard offer Swallow-tailed Kite earlier that ingtheir flight north. an interestingcontrast in owls.Nantucket and its smallsatellite week. Weathermaps that day indi- islandsofTuckernuck andMuskeget harbor the majority ofbreeding What wasthe originof the catedthat a frontextending N-S •hort-earedsinthe e. United States (bylast estimate, ca.15 pairs) but Black-billedMagpie present on waspressing quickly E, andby •tii thisyear had only one pair of besting Barn Owls. Marthas Petit Manan I., ME,Apr. 25 (fide dawn was probablypassing Vineyard,onthe other hand, supports nobreeding Short-eareds, but RW)? The northernmost Fish throughw. New England.The asa resultof a propagationprogram, boasts atleast 20 pairsof Barn Crows, though apparendy wind the day before and Owls,virtually all of which nest in artifidalnext boxes or barrels. stalled in the Portland/ overnighthad been from the SW Nantucket'spair of BarnOwls has, for severalyears, fledged as Brunswickarea, may be building at moderatespeeds but fresh- m• as3 broodsayear from the only owl loft on the island. Suddenly in numbers in s. Maine. This enedout of the westshortly thi•spring,2 other pairs of Barn Owls, presumably offspring from spring,roughly I 0 werereported beforedawn. A meteorological "pai•one," attempted to nestonboard 2 boats in NantucketHarbor from 6 towns (fide JD). squeezeplay, combiningthe Oeu/eEFA). These appeared tobe desperate owls, seeking any sites that Nineteen Fish Crows in front and its accompanying v•reeven marginally suitable for nesting, ProvincetownMay 8 (BN) fur- wind,pinned the migrants along There ii everyreason to believeBarn Owls could thrive on nisheda new high countfor the coast,much the way they N•tucketas they do on Marthas Vineyard, aslong as they were pro- CapeCod. oftenare duringautumn cold vided •th artifidalnesting structures. The absenceof Short-eareds Common Ravens are still sel- fronts. .oil:theVineyaM islikely related tothe abundance ofskunks andrac- dom seenin e. Massachusetts,so Why werethe El. birdsnot .coons(there • nomammalian predators onNantucket), butthe singlesin SeekonkApr. 7 (D. detected elsewhere in New :.Barn Owli may playa role as welk Barn Owls and Short-eareds have Speicher),Hudson Apr. 17 (E. Englandthat morning?Geoff Similarforaging ieq6irements, anditmay be that they aremore orless [ Salmela), Boxford Apr. 14-24 LeBaron, from New York, had [i•Umally exdttS!¾e. {f this is the case, providing more nesting spa• I (D. E. Oliver),and (particularly) mentionedthat for the previous [ forBarn • 6nNaniuck•t than already exist could have addeterL Warwick, RI, May 10 (R. 2 days,Central Park had been Bowen)were noteworthy,as "loaded." Given the numerical otis•t•n•precioUS Sho•t-earedpopulation. were 12 migrantsat a hawk magnitudeof theflight, it ishard 415. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 Nantucket)following mid- to $.•. late-Aprilcoastal storms. This yeara perfectlytimed storm Apr. Impressionsofthe passerine migration thisyear , , , 21yielded 13grosbeak reports weremore or less consistent throughout the Table 1.Migranta count•l atPlum Ir•nd, MA, inthe following 6days, includ- Region,Theconsensus wasthat migration was May12 {totals by$, Pe•ius and T.II•10ney). ing3 on the Vineyard and7 on somewhatearly,with no classic "waves," Nantucket.Likewise, 25-30 A conspicuous,inexplicable exception Wood l•rblers buntingswere found on the occurredonthe morning ofMay 12, when bird- Warbler sp. 2,000+ Capeand Islands. Two Blue ersarriving atEl. wimessed theheaviest spring (estimated)Grosbeaks inMaine included a flightmost had ever seen, Dave Emerson N.Parula 45 birdfar"Down East"in Macbias remarkedthat"peak migration LnRhode Island Yellow 85 May9 (R.Look, fide CD). An occurredaround theweekend ofMay ii-12" Magnolia 26 IndigoBunting in Jonesport, butadded that this "peak" didnot amount to Black-throatedBlue 50+ nearlyasfar Apr. 22 (B. Lithgow muchnumerically. Noother tsference fromany- Yellow-rumped 400+ fideCD), was probably another whereinthe Region wasmade toMay 12 as Black-throatedGreen 27 stormwaif. beingparticularly Unusuak Black-and-white 75 ADickcissel wasunique this Themajority ofmigrants atP-L were wood Com• Yeliowthrøat 40 springinNewtown, CT,May 18 warblersfollowing the dune lin• asthey flew due (N. Clurrie,fide FM), and a N upthe island. Anestimat ed2000 warblers Miscellaneous Green-tailedTowhee pho- were:acmal!yobserve•l•bUiindicaiionswerethatSolitarySandpiper 9 tographedat a feederin •ny morebirds were involved. Mostindividu- E.Kingbird 60+ Branford,CT,Apr. 28 (N. als3v•re too high to identj• asto spedes; those swallow •p, •600-800 Proctor)furnished thefirst doc- idehdfiedinclud•dhnlythe fewth•atflewpasi at BarnSwallow 110 umentedstaterecord andonly d0serange oractually alit. BlueJay 325 the2nd sight record. E.Blhebi/d 2 SingleClay-colored Sparrows Bob61i9k 130 wereseen in S.Kingston, RI, Yell6w-hdBlackbird i •al4 Mar. 1-15 00 et al.), Am•Goldfinch 225 Marblehead,MA, May 15 (TA), andin Maine,May 25 at Canaan (W. Sumner)and Monhegan I...... (fideL. Brinker).Yellow-headed Blackbirdswere particularly numerousthis year,with no to imaginethat the wave was so bandedMay 15-31 (DH) were One of the most reliable fewerthan 10 reportedfrom 4 geographicallyrestricted. Yet themost numerous warblers (by springphenomenon in New states. recordsand numerous targeted a factorof five!) at theAppledore England is the appearanceof inquiriesrevealed no unusual stationfor the2rid consecutive Blue Grosbeaksand Indigo Ob•rv•r$, etrb,,tor observationsfrom Cape Cod, spring.Nootherbandingstation Buntings (especially on Cape levi, a#d $ubr•gi0naletllt0r• M.B.O., Mt. A., Marblehead in NewEngland can touch these Cod andthe nearbyislands of {b01dl: R.E Abrams, E.E Neck,Cape Ann (within sight of numbers!What is it about Marth•s Vineyard and Andrews,T. Aversa,W. Bailey,]. El.l),or pointsnorth. Appledore? Berry,]. Coleman,D. Deluca Other noteworthywarbler The samepair of Yellow- (Audubon Society of New reportsincluded various hybrid throatedWarblers that estab- • Hampshire),G. d'Enrremont "winged"warbler sightings. lished the first nesting record for Knowingitwas inevi•!51edoes (Bird Observer),J. Despres "Lawrence's"Warblerswere New England last year was li{d•toquellour•llecdv•a•i-(Editor, Maine Bird Notes), C. notedin Blackstone,RI, May foundin the same place inKent, eriesnOWth atit hashappened!• Duncan, W. Ellison,D. 7-29(fide DE), Brandon, VT, CT, May 15 (S. Broker,E ShinyCowbird.appeared(like a Emerson (Rhode Island), R.A. May22 (L. Symynkwicz),in McBride); thenest was located sp•:Cter!) onMonhegah I•,ME, Forster(Bird Observer), G.W. MassachusettsatMt. A. May 9 on May 19! OtherYellow- ,May 24-26 (S.' Sumer,L. Gove (Bird Observer),S. (fideRHS), and Groveland May throatedsthis year were single Brinker etal., phil The :biggest Highley, D.Holmes, E Hunt, K. 18-31(fide RHS). The hybrid birds in Orleans, MA, May 17 questionnow i•i what,'if any- ]ones,S.Kellogg (Bird News of plotthickens: yellow wing bars, (T. Talin) and Chilmark,•ing, veilllimit thespecies' •stern Mass.), R. Laubach,V. belongingtoa "blue-winged" in Marthœs Vineyard, MA, May gpread?Roughly 50birds were Laux,T. Leukering,Lloyd Scarborough,ME,May 13 (G. 16-18(T. Rivers, VL). foundin 2 statesinthe sprin Centerfor Environmental Carson)and two"blue-wingeds" Extremely rare in New andsummer of 1989, but 0nly Studies(LCES), M. Lynch,T. inBrandon, VT, May 17 (WGE) England in spring, a onewas fotind o.n the follqwing Maloney, E Mandik beliedtheir mixed parentage. Connecticut Warbler was Christmascounts 3 Where do (Connecticut),N.L. Martin, PureGolden-winged matings reported from Portland, ME, th• go in the: winter?Manomet Bird Observatory mustbe getting very rare in New May11 (A. Cadot); the north- . Presumably•rheyare n0nmigra- (MBO), J. Murray, J.Nicholson England. ernmostHooded Warbler report toryand do not tetrefitback inm (VermontInstitute of Nat. Fifty Black-throatedBlue alsocame from Portland, ME, th•Carihbeaneachfall.Ohiess Sciences),B. Nikula(Cape Warblerscounted inMt. A. May May19-20(EPauletal.). theyprove hardier than their Cod),J. Osborn,S. Perkins, 9,3 daysprior to the 50 on P.I., Roughly 10 Summerbronzw. d brethren, they tøø •may W.R.Petersen, R. Prescott, E wasan excellenttotal (RHS), Tanagerswere reported: the n. be unableto reproducdvel•Pumell, C. Raithel,T.Richards, andthe 52 Magnolia Warblers three on Appledore I.,ME, May exploitthe tempe}ate Zøn•j •f T.Schaefer, R.H.Stymeist (Bird bandedon AppledoreI., ME, 25-28 (fideDH) andanother _coursei this is no Consolation to Observer), R. Widrig.-- May19 (DH) wasequally that settled inat a beehiveon Yøu?ubtrøpi•f01kinth• deepSIMON A. PERKINS, Massa- impressive.Excluding resident Nantucket I., MA, and feasted i6UthJSorryy'all! ' chusettsAudubon Societ• spedes,the 334 Magnolias forover a week (E Gardner). Lincoln,MA 01773.

Volume45, Number3 ß NewJersey and Delaware experi- grounds.Factors such as these, alsoMay 25, produceda good HUDSON- encednear drought conditions. combinedwith the severe degra- varietyof seabirds,including the Thespring birding was pretty dation of habitat in areas fre- expectedshearwaters and N. DELAWARE much the reverse of the rainfall quentedby birders,make the Fulmar; one fulmar on the pattern,at leastas judgedby statusof neotropicalmigrants Delaware Ornithological REGION local observers. Delaware and extremelydifficult to evaluate. Societytrip furnishedouly the WilliamJ. Boyle,Jr., southernNew Jerseyexperi- secondstate record, reflecting a RobertO. Paxton,and encedan outstandingseason, Abbreviations:Braddock Bay lack of pelagicbirding rather DavidA. Cutler withmany rarities and a passable (BraddockBay StatePark and thanan unusualrarity. A Manx passerine migration, while vicinity,Monroe, NY); Bombay Shearwater was also seen from northern observerslamented the Hook (BombayHook Nat• that boat,and a smallblack-and- paucity of either rarities or WildliftRef., near Smyrna, DE); whiteshearwater thought to be a migrants.However, the percep- Brig (BrigantineUnit, Forsythe Manx was seen from shore at Continuingan almost unbroken tionof themigration, songbirds Nat?Wildlift Ref., Atlantic, NJ); Cape HenlopenMay 18 (BL). string of monthswith above especially, is very much CapeHeulopen (Cape Henlopen Seven N. Gannets far up averagetemperatures, March, influencedby such conditions as StatePark, Sussex,DE); Indian DelawareBay at theSalem, NJ, April,and May wereno excep- local weather and the coinci- River (Indian River Inlet, Sussex, Nudear Power Plant, Mar. 23, tions.March and April were dence of major flightswith DE);Jamaica Bay (Jamaica Bay were the first ever recordedso far much warmer than normal, but weekends. •ldli• Refuge,Queens, NYC); up thebay (RK et aL);a single May wasexceptional, especially One of the strikingfeatures LI (LongIsland, NY); Moses- wasthere Apr. 20 (TBa,WDa). in Buffalo,where temperatures of the presentseason, discussed Saunders Dam (Moses-SaundersInterestingly, four N. Gannets averaging8.2 degrees above nor- at lengthby Hanisekand men- Dam, New York-Ontario, near off Rye,l•stchester, NY, alsoon mal helpedto make this the tionedby manyothers, is the Massena,St. Lawrence,NY); Port Mar. 23, representedthe first warmestspring ever there. New acceleration of a trend toward an Mahon (marshesand bayshorespring incursion into w. Long YorkCity and New Jerseyalso earliermigration of passerines,along road east of Little Creek, IslandSound (TWB etaL). experiencedthe warmestspring facilitatedthis year by a persis- Kent,DE); SandyHook (Sandy For the first time in several in a century. tent southwesterlyflow and a Hook Unit, GatewayNat• yearsno Am. White Pelicans Althoughthe entireRegion lack of severeweather. In north- RecreationArea, Monmouth, N]); werefound in the Region,but sharedextremes of temperature,western New Jersey,all of the Scherman-Hoffman(New Jersey the first Brown Pelicans were thesame was not true of precipi- goodsongbird flights occurred AudubonSanctuary, Bernards- notedMay 8 at DeweyBeach, tation.Among the most memo- duringthe last week of April and ville,Somerset, NJ). Placenames Sussex,DE, and CapeMay; by rableweather events in yearsin thefirst eight days of May,after in italics are counties. the end of the month numbers northwestern New York State whichtime the migration essen- werebeing seen regularly in both was the icestormof March 3-4, tiallyended, two weeks ahead of LOONS TO IBISES places. At least 10 Great whose effects will be felt for schedule. Farther north, Able Common Loonswere widely Cormorants were in the many yearsin Rochesterand notedthe arrival of somespecies reportedinland; an impressiveDdaware R. at Philaddphia other hard-hit areas. The storm ontheir breeding grounds in the flight brought58 to Culvers Mar.12 (fideAH), while one was was part of a pattern that Adirondacksbefore they were Lake,Sussex, NJ, Apr. 18 (FT) stillat Riverton,Burlington, on broughtexcessive precipitation reportedin theAlbany area, and and 200 to Penn Forest Res., theNew Jersey side of theriver, to northernparts of theRegion, suggestedthat the ideal weather Carbon,PA, thenext day (SB). May 18 (TBa); an adultwas at with alediningrainfall to the conditionsfor migrationsent Good numbers were noted off- theMoses-Saunders Dam May 3 south.Indeed, southern parts of birdsdirectly to the breeding shoreas late as May 25 on a (BDL).An encouragingincrease pelagictrip off Delawarespon- in reportsof Am. Bitterncame sored by the Delaware froma wide variety of locales this OrnithologicalSociety. spring;for example,fiine sight- Despite the good winter ings at the AllendaleCelery showing,Red-necked Grebes Farm,Bergen, NJ, duringApril werescar, ce, especially along the andearly May reflected multiple coast. Inland, two at Marsh individuals(ST). Wandering Creek S.E, PA, Mar. 11 (NT) LittleBlue Herons were up the and 10 at Memorial Lake, Hudson River valley in Lebanon,PA, Apr. 14 (SSa)were Columbia,NY, Apr.5 & 27 (K. noteworthy,while two were still Dunham, E. Grace), and at • Rochester ß MontezumaDo•;i•NWR YORK at Bulwagga Bay on L. DerbyHill, Oswego,NY, May 24 Buffalo Champlain,NY, May 2; the (G. Smith). peakcount along Lake Ontario Oneof thehighlights of the e•ria9araFails westof Rochesterwas a meager season was the first New York 40 on Apr. 4. The EaredGrebe State and first confirmed that winteredat SandyHook Regional record of Reddish stayedinto earlyApril (m.ob.), Egret,a reddishindividual dis- • •/"Hawk ML' Pr ',eton whileanother appeared at Caven coveredatJamaica Bay, May 18, Pier,Liberty S.E, NJ, Mar. 16 and seenalmost daily through throughthe firstweek of April May 26 (SW,BK, DP,m.ob.). A (m.ob.).Of greaterrarity was detaileddescription of a bird onephotographed at Walworth, identifiedas a white-morph l•yne, NY, May 5 (R. Jacobus, ReddishEgret, seenat close R. Faull). rangenear Tuckerton, Burling- Pelagictrips out of Montauk, wn, NJ, Apr. 24-25, hasbeen NY, May 19, BarnegatLight, submittedto the New Jersey NJ, May 25, andoff Delaware, Bird RecordsCommittee (M. &

420- AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 R. Moloughney);if acceptedit their provenanceis difficultto wouldrepresent the first New assess,most are apparentlyof Jerseyrecord. Apparently part of wildorigin. This seasons records a pattern,another Reddish Egret came from all 4 states,with one appearedin May in Massa- each in Delaware and New chusetts,and our summer col- Jersey,two in Pennsylvania,and umn will detail the first eightin New York.A similar Delaware record. A Yellow- trend is occurringwith Ross' crownedNight-Heron was on Geese,unquestionably of wild the Schuylkill River in origin.At leasttwo were still at Montgomery,PA, Apr. 22-26 BombayHook duringMarch (NT), and anotherwas unusual (CC, MVB, JWR), while the for Dutchess,NY, at Wiccopee Ross' Goose discovered at Apr. 25 (J. & M. Key, O. MuddyRun, Lancaster,Feb. 27 Waterman). for thefirst Pennsylvania record A White Ibiswas seen briefly (seeWinter report) was seen Threelingering male Hadequin Ducks at CopeMay Point, New Jersey, April at Cape Ma)5 May 19 (S. throughMar. 26 (m.ob.).A 2nd 20,1991. Phatograph/AlanBrady. Reitchef).Eight Plegadisibis bird, an immature, was found flyingup the HudsonRiver at Mar. 3 at Middle Creek WMA, Jersey,five in Lancaster,PA, one countto 3872 for the period New Baltimore, Greene, NY, also in Lancaster(T. Gamer), onLong Island, and three in the Mar. 12-May 15, but wasstill May 6 were almostcertainly and a 3rd, this one an adult, was Rochester,NY, area. A drake far belowthe 12-yearaverage of GlossyIbis (R. Guthrie),but the discovered there Mar. 5 (T. Canvasback was an odd visitor 6470 (TMi); Montclair record- surpriseof the familywas the Book);there were many sight- to a Chester,PA, fish hatchery ed 2852 birdsin 290 hours,their appearanceof White-faced Ibis ingsthrough Mar. 16 (ph. J. pond,May9-12 (PH). lowest total since 1985 (EG), in 3 states.An adult discovered Witmet, J. Schreffler).These An ad. • KingEider was at while a newer count in Boonton, at BombayHook Apr. 25 was geesewere with part of theesti- CapeHenlopen, Apr. 13 to early Morris,tallied 2843 in 378 hours only the 2nd for Delaware(E mated 20,000 Snow Geese in May (CC et al.), after which (WG). The 2 New York counts Gill). Two were seentogether Lancasterduring early March whatwas probably the same bird on the Ontario Lakeshore did May 5 (MO), andat leastone, (RMS). Also at Middle Creek, appearedatHighee Beach, Cape somewhatbetter, although still possiblyboth, stayed through- Mar. 3-16, was a small Canada May, May 5-21 (m.ob.).The belowaverage. Braddock Bay, in out the summer. Another Goose,possibly of therace mini- HarlequinDuck that wintered its15th year, was monitored Feb. White-faced Ibis was found at ma (m.ob.), and a similar indi- at the Moses-Saunders Dam was 19-June10 andcounted 41,396 JamaicaBay May 13 (A. Morris) vidualwas at Muddy Run Mar. still presentMar. 3 (BDL); raptors,also their lowesttotal & 18 (TWB, GT). Yet another 26 (RMS). A Brant, a scarce anotherwas at IndianRiver, Apr. since1985 (BE, JDg). Farther was in the S. Cape May springmigrant along the St. 3 (MVB, JWR), and three east,Derby Hill's 13th count Meadows,May 17-18, for the Lawrence River, was at Moses- drakeslingered at CapeMay to noted 34,151, with Golden 2nd year in a row (Summit Saunders Dam on the late date of at leastApr. 27 (m.ob.,ph. AB). Eagleand Peregrine Falcon each Nature Club, m.ob.), and was May 28 (BDL). A drakeOldsquaw in fullbreed- hittingnew highs of 34 and8, seennearby May 21. A impressivegathering of ingplumage was a surpriselin- respectively.In a differentvein, Green-wingedTeal was 3500 at gererat IndianRiver, DE, May 3 visitors to a well-stocked suet WATERFOWL GoshenLanding, Cape May, NJ, (APE), while the Barrows feeder at the Six Nations Indian A TundraSwan migrating with Mar. 11 (CS). Individualsof the Goldeneyeat Ryewas last seen Museum near Onchiota, NY, in CanadaGeese near Lake George Eurasian subspecieswere at Mar. 16 (TWB et al.).A hybrid the Adirondacks included Mar. 11 was unusual for the Tobay Sanctuary,Nassau, LI, CommonGoldeneye X Hooded Turkey Vulture, Bald Eagle, Adirondack-ChamplainRegion Apr. 16 (B. Hines)and Jamaica Merganser wintered at Sharp-shinnedHawk, N. Gos- of n.e. New York (D. Spada). Bay,Apr. 28 (BK). More than Heislerville W.M.A., Cumber- hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, Greater White-fronted Geese the usual Eur. Wigcon were lana•NJ, to at leastMar. 16, and Red-tailed Hawk, and 150 Com. continueto be reportedwith notedduring March, induding Hooded Mergansersappear to Ravens(R. Fadden). increasingfrequency; although one in Delaware, two in New beincreasing asbreeding birds at BlackVulture was a highlight thes. limit of theirrange. There of boththe Braddock Bay (Mar. were numerousreports from 13) and Derby Hill (Apr. 3) n.w. New Jersey,including a counts.At least14 were reported female with a brood of 13 at in s.e.New York, and this species SwartswoodDuck Pond, Sussex, ismost likely nesting in Orange May 13 (DB); a pairwas nesting and/or Rockland Counties. A in a WoodDuck box in Stissing, subadult Am. Swallow-tailed Dutchess,NY, duringApril (T. Kite wasthe highlightof the Ha'tght),and a femalehad a SandyHook hawk watch May 1 brood at Goeffrey's Pond, (TMi), and another was in W. Columbia,NY, May 8 (BC).Two CapeMa35 May 28 (FM). More 9 Common Mergansersat unusual was a well-described Alcove,Albany, NY, May 17 were andsketched individual at Jonas, unusuallylate (lOt), aswere two Monroe, PA, May 24 (R. atJamaica Bay the next day (GT). ZainEldeen,t to Pennsylvania OrnithologicalRecords Com- RAPTORS TO CRANES mittee). Totalswere below average at all MississippiKites were found Ross'Goose at MiddleCreek WildJife Management Area, Lancaster County,Pennsylvania, March 9, 1991.Two birds found here in March the regularlymanned spring in a varietyof places,in addition estabiishedthe secondstate record, only a weekafter the first had been hawkwatches.Sandy Hook to theusual influx in CapeMay, foundelsewhere in the samecounty. Photograph/Jane Schreffier. improvedslightly over last years whereone appeared May 4 (BBa)

Volume 45, Number 3- 42! and up to fivewere present at bridgesat Philadelphia. Bay had one May 13-18 BrigMay 28 (J. Herder).Good month's end. One flew over the At least two Yellow Rails were (m.ob.), and two were on the findsfor Pennsylvania were indi- RutgersEcological Preserve, heard at Port Mahon, Apr. Ontario Lakeshore west of vidual Red-neckeds at Green Middlesex,NJ, May 13 during 28-May4 (APE,AH), butmay RochesterMay 27. LaneRes., Montgomery, May 18 the final exam of Charlie Leck's havebeen chased off by marsh A few Black-neckedStilts ven- (P.England, J. Horn, m.ob.) and FieldOrnithology Class---excel- walkers trying to flushthem out. tured north of their Delaware at the HoltwoodFlyash pond, lent timing.A MississippiKite Another Yellow Rail was heard at stronghold,where 92 were count- Lancaster,May 23 (RMS). A wasa highlightof theBraddock GoshenLanding, Cape May, ed at BombayHook, May 3 Red Phalaropevisited the S. Bay count, May 14-20 (G. shortlyafter midnight on May (NH). One to three were at CapeMay Meadows briefly May Dodge,JDg) and another was far 18 (CS et al.); it could not be GoshenLanding, May 7-18 19 (R. Widmer), while another afield at Great Gull Island off the relocated. Two Black Rails were (JDo et at), while two to four at BroadkillBeach, May 20-23, e tipof LongIsland May 25 (J. at BroadkillBeach, DE, Apr. 13 wereseen occasionally at Brig, was more cooperative(JWR, DiCostanzo, T. Male). In (CC, ES),and up to 16 wereat May 12-21 (fideL. Rubinstein,m.ob.). Pennsylvania,a Mississippi was Port Mahon,Apr. 29-May 4 v.o.).On LongIsland, one Black- seen at Morgan's Hill, (APE,m.ob.). A BlackRail call- necked Stilt was at Shinnecock J•Glel• TO AI.ClI• Northampton,Apr. 4 (A. Koch) ingat VernonMay 11was a first Inlet, Suf•lk, May 13 (E. A ParasiticJaeger was at Avalon, and another at Furnace Hills, for Sussex,NJ (GHa, DB, JDe). Salzman),and two wereat Mecox May8 (DW), andanother was at Lebanon,Apr. 7 (R.Miller); there A Sandhill Crane found at Bay,May 16-18 (TL, R. Kelly). Cape May Point, May 17. wereat least2 othersightings in Aliaire S.P.,Monmouth, Mar. 29, The onlyAm. Avocetnorth of WanderingLaughing Gulls were w Pennsylvaniathis season. was seen by a number of Delawarewas one at Mannington at Cohoes,Albany, NY, May 18 Cooper'sHawks appear to be observers,including the original Marsh,Salem, NJ, Apr. 3-13 (B. (C. George et al.) and at redaimingmost of New Jersey as discoverer, who watched it Dodelson,S. Hait, m.ob.); the Manitou, on Lake Ontario near a breedingground, having near- departto thenorthwest on the peakDelaware count was 136 at Roche.ster,NY, May 25 (RO). ly disappearedasa nesterin the morningof the 31st (GW etaQ; LittleCreekApr. 10 (NH). TwoLittle Gulls were seen flying early 1980s.An immatureN. anotherpassed over Cape May A very early Solitary upthe Susquehanna River at the Goshawkat BombayHook Apr. Point Apr. 27 (RC). In Sandpiperwas at EastBangor ConojohelaFlats, PA, with 7 wasboth late and unusually far Pennsylvania,a Sandhill Crane Dam, Northampton,PA, Apr. 4 BonaparteGulls, Mar. 30 (D. & south(B&NM); an adultwas at was on Haldeman Island near (D. DeReamus).Early Pectoral L. Heathcote).Up to six Little Sandy Hook Apr. 27 (MN, Harrisburg,Mar. 5-17 (S. Bills Sandpipersforinterior New York Gulls, five adultsand one imma- WJB) and anotheror the same et al.), andanother stopped off werefound at SlateHill, Orange, ture, were at the Salem Nuclear was there May 7 (TMi). A brieflyat PeaceValley Nature Mar. 24 (ET) and at Bemis PowerPlant Apr. 13-29 (WDa, Swainson's Hawk flew over the Center,Bucks, Apr. 2 (fideAH). Heights,Saratoga, Mar. 30 (B. m.ob.), and a couplewere in Scherman-HoffmanSanctuary From New York came numerous Putnam).Delaware again proved CapeMay duringthe season. Apr.8 (PDu),and another was reports,the most unusual being the hot spot for Curlew Maxima of sixat GreeceMar. 16, thefirst ever for the Sandy Hook one at Makomah Preserve,LI, Sandpiper,with two to threeat and 13 on the NiagaraRiver countApr. 12 (TMi). To the Apr. 26 (T. Tierno). Four BombayHook Apr. 26-June1 Mar. 28, were normal numbers north,a Swainson's Hawk passed Sandhillswere seen at Ripley, (m.ob.), and one at Kitts for w. New York, but one at the theDerby Hill hawkwatch May Chautauqua,Mar. 17 (J. Hummock,May 27 (NH). An Moses-SaundersDam, May 3, 16,and what may have been the Luensmanet al.), andBraddock individualat Brig May 18-19 wasa firstspring record there for samebird was at BraddockBay Bay had 10, Mar. 19-Apr. 8 was the only other reported Di Labio(BDL). Up to four thenext day (JDg). (BE). Extremelylate were indi- (WJB, KK, m.ob.). Extraor- Com. Black-headed Gulls were An imm. GoldenEagle at vidualsat Altamont, Albany, dinarily early. was a Stilt in the flock at the Salem Power CapeMay, May 4, wasa first May 24 (B. Swift)and Fonda, Sandpiper,anuncommon spring PlantApr. 20-May 5 (m.ob.), springrecord, and one was seen Montgomery,May 26 (S. migrant,at Pedricktown,Salem, but elsewherethe only reports at Boonton,Mar. 26 (WG), but Pickard). Mar. 31 (LL, R. Brown,WDa). wereof oneto twoin CapeMay, the remainderof the reports It wasanother off year for Marchto April,one at Mecox camefrom New York, including SHOREBIRDS Ruffsat Pedricktown,with only Bay,LI, Apr.23, andanother at one at Hook Mt., Mar. 25 (PF). Oneof thehighlights of thesea- about three males and one Staten Island Apr. 27 (fide The total of 53 from upstate son was a Northern Lapwing femaleMar. 29 throughApril; TWB). •ncluded12 at BraddockBay discovered with a flock of two others were seen elsewhere A few IcelandGulls lingered andthe record 34 at DerbyHill. Killdeerat a pond in New in Salem.Bombay Hook fared from the winter season,most American Kestrel continue to Scotland,Albany, NY, late on well with one Ruff and about notablylate beingone at Port decline at most hawk watches, the afternoon of Mar. 22; the seven Reeves for the season MahonMay 12 (CC, ES) & 31 especiallyat Sandy Hook, where finderswere able to notifyKen (NH, m.ob.). More unusualwas (MO), and anotherat Cape the 910 counted was the second Able,who rushed over to photo- a Reevein WilsonTownship, Henlopen May 15 (DAC). lowest ever, and continues an graphthe bird beforedarkness Niagara, NY, May 4 (WDn, Lesser Black-backed Gulls were almost unbroken downward closedin. Despitethe presence WWa). One to two Wilson's again well represented,with trendfrom the high of 3138 in of manysearchers over the next Phalaropeswere at Bombay about17 in NewJersey, three in 1984.A similarpattern has been fewdays, it wasnever seen again HookApr. 16-May 31 (m.ob.), Delawareinduding two at Port seenat DerbyHill, andeven at (BBo,K. Beale,ph. KA). The butjust one was at Brigin mid- MahonMay 31 (MO), andthree BraddockBay, which has been only previousNew York and May. A femalewas in Porter in the New YorkCity area.A immune from the trend, this Regionalrecords are three from Township,Niagara, May 4 GlaucousGull at the Bashakill, year's363 wasless than half the Long Island, the last in (WDn, WWa), and anotherat Sullivan,NY, Mar. 3, wasa note- averageand the lowestby far December 1966. Two to six Lysander,Onondaga, May 16. worthyfind (D. Bradley).Two since the initial abbreviated Lesser Golden-Plover were seen Up to five Red-necked Black-leggedKittiwakes at Lake countyear of 1977.Merlin and at BombayHook irregularly Phalaropeswere at Bombay Ontelaunee,Berks, Mar. 31, were PeregrineFalcon, on the other fromMar. 28 to May4, andone HookMay 18-23 (m.ob.),one the first theresince 1935, and a hand,continue to do verywell; wasfound nearby on May 16. stayinginto June.One was at rarityany time in e.Pennsylvania at least3 pairsof Peregrineswere Nonewere reported from New SpruceRun Res., Hunterdon, (M. Spence,R. Keller). foundnesting this springon Jerseythis spring,but Jamaica NJ, May 16 (JZ) andanother at A Gull-billedTern was part of

422 AmericanB•rds, Fall 1991 a flockof migrantterns at Cedar A W. Kingbirdat Allentown, the OneidaLake Region, Mar. Beach,LI, May 12 (TL). One S.A, PA, May 30 furnisheda first 24 (fideGHu),and at Mineville, Roseate Tern was found at A Common Raven was seen car- Lehighrecord 0- Calm, D. Essex,in the Lake Champlain HigbeeBeach, Cape May, May tying nestingmaterial on the Gemmel). Very early E. Valley,Apr. 7 (G. Furness). 21 (BG), while a migrant Kingbirdswere at Scherman- NewJersey side of theDelaware VIREOS TO WARBLERS CommonTern at CornwallBa• WaterGap, Warren, in March(J. Hoffman,Apr. 12, and Harding Orange,NY, on the Hudson Katzmire); there were other Township,Morris, NJ, Apr. 14 The mildweather and persistent Riverwas unusual locally May 18 reportslater, but no confirmed (RK).Purple Marfins were bare- southwesterlyflow during much (ET,JPT, R. Senerchia).The tern nesting,Common Raven was ly holdingtheir own in s.e.New ofApril brought many vety early flockat CedarBeach, May 12, oncea regularbreeding bird in YorkOPT), and have noticeably andeven record early songbirds, not onlycontained Gull-billed, New Jersey,not in the moun- declinedin n. New Jerseyin the especiallywarblers, to various plus the usualCommon and tains,but alongthe southern pastfew years. partsof the Region.For exam- Roseares,but alsoone BlackTern SedgeWren madea better ple,the compiler for the Oneida coastfrom Oceanto CapeMaj• Lake Basin of central New York and an ad. White-wingedTern thelast known nesting occurred showingthan in therecent past. At least one was heard at Port in full breedingplumage (TL, t about 1905, but therewere iso- reportedrecord early dates for 14 to N.Y. State Avian Records latedrecords along the coast until Mahon May 4-20 (B & NM, species,most of thempassetines Committee).If acceptedby the about1935, As the speciesis CC, ES), and othersappeared (GHu).The earlywaves of war- state records committee, this spreadingrapidly in theCatskills laterat BombayHook. One was biersnoted by Hanisekin the would constitute the first record ofNew York and the Poconos of at the S. CapeMay Meadows, DelawareValley of Warren,NJ, for NewYork, but anticipates by Pennsylvania,iF is likelythat it wherethe speciesnested 2 years included20 speciesApr. 28 and onlytwo months a secondreport will colon• the morerugged ago,Apr. 20, and two wereat 22 speciesApr. 30 (GHa). Vireos fromupstate. Black Terns were areasof northwesternNew Jersey TurkeyPoint, Cumberland, also were also among the early againscarce in thesouthern part in due course. P• Common Raven a previousnesting site, Apr. 25 arrivals, including a rare ofthe Region, with only one each stunnedatrio o•blrders atSandy (RC). More surprisingwas the PhiladelphiaVireo at Riverton, in Delawareand New Jersey, and BOOk,May 20; When if flew in appearanceof at leastfour Sedge Burlington,NJ, May 1-2 (G. two otherson LongIsland. In bffthe 0cearrand landed on a Wrensat two sitesin Sussex,NJ, Reynard).Other out of range upstateNew York, Braddock Bay nearbyjet•(RK• H. Wallurn, M; in earlyMay. One site in the Philadelphiasincluded one in hada maximumof 56 May 12, : Levy):%•ially Outlandish wasa WalkillValley near Vernon held CentralPark May 13, one in but the speckscontinues to Rave•;at Eor•;Washington S:E• threesinging males, May 9, and DutchessMay 11 (Waterman declinein its formerbreeding onlyken •il• fro'm center cityl birds were later seencarrying Bird Club), and one at the rangein thestate. nesting material and food Bashakill,Sullivan, May 12. A few holdover Razorbills P•i!adelphia,May12( B & NM, throughearly July (FT, m.ob.). Numerousprospecting White- from the bonanza winter season : commoii RaVenis al•o The specieswas once a common eyedVireos were found in New werestill present in earlyMarch, I read.g awy frome breederalong the Walkill,but Yorkaway from theirbreeding including eight at Cape rainsih New'YorkState; in the" the lastknown nesting was in rangein the s.e.corner of the Henlopenon the 9th (MVB, Fii• Lakesarea •d in the 1968.A SedgeWren wasin a state;reports came from such CC). Uands 0,-Algvy field near Peru, Clinton, NY, diversesites as Chautauqua, PlateauiAJ/egany, •vh•r• there fromMay 24 on (E. & H. Fitts); 13uffalo,Rochester, Onondaga, OWLS TO SHRIKES the speciesis rarelyreported andAlbany. have•ex} fi-.un•rqus?!ghd•g s Mother noted the decline of The two SnowyOwls thatwin- andconO rmed nesting (EB5 R & I from the Lake Champlain tered at the Allentown- MP,M• Pierick).A pairwith] Valley,but has nestedthere. Golden-wingedWarbler in BethlehemAirport were last seen youngne=Lieveland'gnoneida:Only a few reportscame from Chautauqu4,NY, partof a gen- Mar.3, but one not previously more traditional areasin w. New eraltrend through much of the York. reported that wintered in ingaway fro m' the Adirondac• [ Regionin theface of the expand- Lebanon,Lebanon, PA, wasstill ihthe•h61d•Lake fias• ofCen- ] Everyonecomplained about ing range of Blue-winged presentApr. 3 (SSa,et al.). At t•al.•X6rk•An6thet i3air:• I the poorshowing of thrushes, Warbler.The two hybridswere leastthree Snowys were still on andthis was generally confirmed widely reported, including LongIsland in mid-March(fide AlbanY,olaboue320 rnl by bandingdata (fide RPY, 13. Lawrence'sWarblers at Bangor, TWB). As noted in the winter fromthe state cp;tol] weee Knorr, G. & E. Mahler), but Northampton,PA, in earlyMay seasonreport, the Northern seencarrying nesting material mayhave been a weatherrelated (B. Silfies,m.ob.) and at Oadea Hawk-Owl in Ig•yne,PA, was Mar.3t {BB0,tC •e); Vek phenomenon,asBrooks did well CreekPark, Rochester, May 9; last seen Mar. 17; another N. another•nest containedthree at the Kaiser-Manitoubanding nrewster's were too numerous to Hawk-Owlwas found at Tupper station,Monroe, NY. There were list,although one at Brandywine Marsh, Franklin, NY, Mar. 18, •eb•bn, •l•mb ia; in manyholdover N. Shrikesfrom CreekS.P., New Castle, DE, May forjust one day (C. Delehanty). Tacox{lcHighlands near the thewinter season, and one previ- 13-30 wasa localrarity (R. E. The previouslyreported Great ouslyunreported at SpeedwellKelly, et al.). An Orange- GrayOwl continuedto visita DUnliamiE. Grace).Another Forge Lake, Lancaster, PA, Mar. crownedWarbler at Brig,Mar. feedernear Elizabethtown, Essex, pair'• at Che• ' plainl 1-29 (E Habeggeret al.). 24, mayhave been a localwin- NY, throughMar. 1 (H. & S. •me/aer, Apr. 27; in an .area WinteringLoggerhead Shrikes terer rather than an early Kurtenbach).A late migrant whereneg!ng • susa98dur- at Broadkill Beach, DE, and Ft. migrant(K. Tischnet).Another Short-earedOwl flew pastthe igth Bemng yea= Ellsborg,Salem, NJ, werelast Orange-crownat CrownPoint, SandyHook Hawk Watchat (P.Connor). reportedMar. 9 and Mar. 17, Essex,NY, May 12, wasthe first middayon a brightsunny Apr. respectively.One at Jones Beach, bandedthere in the 16-yearhis- 27 (TMi, WJB etaL). Nassau,Mar. 13,was a rarityfor toryof the banding station. A Ruby-throatedHumming- to a Rochester,NY, park,May LongIsland (SW), while anoth- Incrediblyearly was a singing birdwas one of themany early 27; althoughit onlystayed for a er at New Baltimore, Greene, N. Parula at Bethlehem, PA, migrantsthis spring, one visiting fewhours, the wordwas spread Mar. 23, was the first for the from Mar. 13 on (L. Freedman, SandyHook, Apr. 11 (KK). A andit wasseen by manyfortu- upperHudson River valley in m.ob.), threeweeks earlier than Black-backedWoodpecker was natelocal observers (S. Boettger, years(BC). Other Loggerheadthe previous arrival date. Other a surpriseand unseasonal visitor B. Gruenbaum,m.ob.). Shrikeswere at SnakeSwamp in remarkably early warblers

Volume 45, Number 3.423 included Black-throated Green EXOTICS 08865), Armas Hill, Norman Warblerin CapeMay, Apr. 8 Both Ruddy Shelduckand Holgerson,Gene Huggins (JDo); MagnoliaWarbler at Mandarin Duck were at the (GHu, Oneida Lake Basin,NY: Rockaway,Morris;, two Canada AllendaleCelery Farm during 1065 Westmoreland,Syracuse, Warblers and a N. Waterthrush the season(fide ST). ACom. NY 13210), Rich Kane, Kevin along the Millstone River, Crane created much excitement Kadson,Nerses Kazanjian, Paul Somerset,NJ (T. Koellhoffer,S. after it was discovered in a field Kerlinger,Bob Kurtz, Bruce Kral); a Black-and-white atRed Hook, Dutchess, NY, Apr. Lantz, Mike Lanzone, Laurie Warbler at the Scherman- 20, until it was learnedthat the Larson (n.c. NJ: 90 N. Hoffman Sanctuary(RK), all bird hadescaped from a game StanworthDr., Princeton,NJ Apr.9; andCerulean Warbler in farm 75 miles to the west in 08540),Tony Lauro, Gary Lee, AliaireS.P., Monmouth, NJ, Apr. Delaware,NY; it attractedmany Mearns Bird Club, Helen I4 (NK). birdersthrough May 2 (T. & A. Manson(Lower Hudson Valley, A Yellow-throated Warbler in MaleSmith's Longspur in the South CapeMay Meadows, New Jersey, Gilbert et al.). Monk Parakeets NY: Moores Mill, RD 4 Pleasant JamestownApr. 23 followedthe April23,1991. Firststate record, wereat LibertyS.P., NJ, andin Valley,NY 12569),Fred Mears, patternof recentspring appear- and one of few for the Atlantic Camden,NJ, during the season. C.IC Melin, (Finger Lakes ances in w. New York (R. seaboard.Photog•aplVAlan Brady. Finally,a Eur.Goldfinch was in Region, NY: 449 Irish Sundell),but a Worm-eating UpperMakefield Twp., Bucks, Setdement Rd., Freeville, NY Warbler at Williamsville Glen, more than the usual number of PA, duringMarch (J. Kurtz), 13068), J.K. Metitt, Brad Erie,NY, May 10,was unexpect- reportsof HenslowsSparrow and another was at a feeder in Merritt, Tom Miller (TMi), B.L. ed (G. Rising).A Kentucky from upstateNew York was CampbellHall, Orange,NY, Morris(e. PA:825 Muhlenberg Warbler at N. Chili, Monroe, received,although compilers Mar. 29. St., Allentown, PA 18104), May 28, wasthe only warbler continueto stressthe declining Terry Mosher (TMo), Bill & highlightin the Rochesterarea statusof the speciesthere. The Observers:(Subregional com- Naomi Murphy,Mike NewIon, (ML). The ConnecticutWarbler birdof theseason in NewJersey pilersin boldface)Ken Able Michael O'Brien, Richard at Pt. Gratiot, Dunkirk, NY, wasa c• Smith•Longspur dis- (Hudson-MohawkRegion, NY: O'Hara, J.M.C. Peterson May 16,was the first reported to coveredin the S. Cape May Dept. of Biology, SUNY, (Adirondack-Champlain compilerMosher in 10 years, MeadowsApr. 19; it remained Albany, NY 12222), Robert Region, NY: DiscoveryFarm, but two in the Rochester area in throughthe eveningof Apr.23 Andtie, Scott Angus, Peter RD 1, Elizabethtown, NY May were normal there. to beseen by dozens of observersBacinski (coastal NJ: 260 Page 12932), Raymond & Vivian MourningWarblers were early (BG,ph. AB). This was the first Ave., Lyndhurst,NJ 07071), Pitzrick,William Reid (n.e. PA: in Rocklana•NY, May 4 (fide staterecord, and onlythe 2nd Tom Bailey(TBa), Bob Barber 73 W. RossSt., Wilkes-Barre,PA TWB), and at Scherman- for theRegion, the first being a (BBa),M. V. Barnhill,Irving 18702), RochesterBirding Hoffman,May 7 (RK, PDu); female collectedat Robert Moses Black (n.e. NJ: Eagle Rock Assodation,J.J. Rusdca, Marge only a few other migrant S.P.,LI, Sept.22, 1974. Village,Bldg. 26, Apt.8B, Budd Rusk, J. W. Russell, Steve Mournings were detected, The only Yellow-headed Lake,NJ 07828), R. J. Blicharz, Santner(SSa), Sy Schiff(Long indudingone at LeaserLake, Blackbirds were two at S. BobBoehm (BBo), Alan Brady, Island: 603 Mead Terrace, S. Lehigh,PA, May 25 (FB,m.ob.). FeatherbedLane, Ft. Ellsborg, Dennis Briede, Fritz Brock, Hempstead,NY 11550),R.M. Salem,during March and two at Elizabeth Brooks, T.W. Burke Schutsky,Dominic Sherony, TANAGERSTO FINCHES Compromise Road, near (New York Rare Bird Alert), Ellen Short, Steve Sobosinski Four SummerTanagers in the Woodstown, Salem,Mar. 27, all Colin Campbell, Richard (SSo), R.G. Spahn(Genesee New York City area Apr. holdovers from the excellent CrossIcy,K.L. Crowell (St. OrnithologicalSociety), Sul- 26-May 19 wasa normalquota winter showingin s.w. New LawrenceRegion, NY: RD 4, livanCounty Audubon Society, ofspring overshoots (fideTWB). Jersey.Also still at S. Featherbed Box 97, Canton, NY 13617), Clay Sutton, Pat.Sutton, Joe A Rose-breastedGrosbeak in N. Lane,Apr. 10, were30 Brewer's William D'Anna (WDn), Ward Swertinski, Fred Tetlow, Stiles Chili,Monroe, NY, Mar. 17, may Blackbirds(P. Warren, WDa); Dasey(WDa, s.w.NJ: 29 Ark Thomas, Neil Thorpe, J. P. wellhave been a winteringbird othergroups of Brewer'sinclud- Road, Medford, NJ 08055), Tramontano (Orange and ratherthan an absurdlyearly ed one to four in the Rochester Mike Davids,John DeMarrais, Sullivan, NY: Orange Co. migrant(ML). The usualhalf- areaApr. 19-May 27 (m.ob.), PeterDeryen (Rockland,NY: 70 CommunityCollege, Middle- dozen or so Blue Grosbeaks were and two to six in Eden ThirdAve., Nyack, NY 10960), town, NY 10940), Ed Treacy, foundin theNew York City area, Township, Erie, NY, Apr. BruceDi Labin,Jeff Dodge Guy Tudor, Steve Walter, but oneat Hamlin, Monroe,NY, 12 28 (RA, m.ob.). A Rusty (JDg),Jim Dowddl (JDo),Pete Dave Ward, William Watson May 11, wasfar afield(RGS, C. Blackbirdat Trap Pond S.P., Dunne (PDu), A.P. Ednie (New (WWa),W J. Wayne,George Spahn);the same area produced DE, May 13,was extremely late Castleand Kent, DE: 59 Lawson Wenzelburger,Rick Wilttaut, a DickcisselMay 27 (R. Oswald, (APE,JS). Ave.,Claymont, DE 19703),S. EricWitmer, Al Wollin(Long KG). Four other Dickcissels Has the House Finch W. Eaton(Niagara Frontier, NY: Island: 4 Meadow Lane, werein CapeMayduringthe sea- peaked?Yunick reports a con- Ten Mile Rd., Allegany,NY RockvilleCenter, NY 11570), son,and another was at Alpha, tinuingdedine at Schenectady;14706), Vincent Elia, Brett R.P.Yunick, Jim Zamos.Many Ig•rren,NJ, May 12 (GHa). wherehe couldformerly band Ewald,Sheryl Forte, W.W. Frech otherobservers (approximately A Clay-coloredSparrow was hundredsin the spring,he (Sussex,DE: Carr. Rt. 3, Box 300)who sent reports could not an outstanding find in caught only 13 all season 1144, Lewes,DE 19958), G. L. be listed,but their contributions Allentown,PA, Apr. 30-May 1 (RPY). A Red Crossbill was Freed, Padraic French, William aregratefully acknowledged.-- (FB, m.ob.), and anotherwas at founddead in n. CapeMay Apr. Gallagher,Paul Gillen, Bill WILLIAM J. BOYLE, JR., 12 BraddockBay May 11.The Lark 12 (.BBa),and 10 werepresent Glaser,K.C. Griffith (Genesee Glenwood Rd., Denville, NJ Sparrow that wintered at at nearbyPeaslee W.M.A. Apr. Region, NY: 61 Grandview 07834; ROBERT O. PAX- Clarksboro, Gloucester,NJ, 17-18(FM); three were in adja- Lane, Rochester,NY 14612), TON, 460 RiversideDr., Apt. remained to at least Mar. 17 cent Cumberlana• at Bevan JoeGula, Sr. &Jr., Barb& Frank 72, New York, NY 10027; and (RK). A GrasshopperSparrow W.M.A., May 7-16, suggestingHaas, Robert Hagar, Greg DAVID A. CUTLER, 1110 wassomewhat early at Hopewell possiblebreeding in s. New Hanisek (GHa, n.w. NJ: 4 RockCreek Dr., Wyncote,PA Junction,NY, Apr. 19 (PF), and Jersey(FM). Marnel Rd., Phillipsburg,NJ 19095.

424 ßAmerican Birds,Fall 1991 varioustrip participants. onegroup of 410, plus a flock of ATLAHTICCOAST , JuneWe25 are death all saddenedof Norfolk-areabythe large500 nearbyassemblages, thenext which day.These also i AnWhite unusual Pelican locationwas Fish, forI., Am. VA, REGION formerbirderFloycompiler C. Burford,of the Back 85.BayA occurNovember inonlate the OctoberBay, are usual- andwasnear seenCape in the Charles,latter half0fMaywhere one HenryT. Armistead NationalWildlife Refuge CBC, lyunnoticed sincethey are often (SR, BN; possibly thesame bird Floy was originallyfrom welloffshore. Other good totals atC.B.B.T. Mar. 21, D & CB), Tennesseeandmade many con- were214 at N. Beach,Calvert, hanging around with the hun- tributionstothe Virginia jour- MD,Apr. 10 by Stasz, 186 in dreds0fBr0wn Pelicans nesting Thiswas an extremely warm nal, The Raven, as well as landlockedHoward, MD, at atthat prime site, where there spring,following a very mild AmericanBirds. Virginia Turf Valley Overlook Apr.19 by weresome 100 nests bythe end winter.It startedoff wet and ornithologyhaslost areal friend. Ott plus 86 on the HowardMay of themonth (ME et al.). endedup dry and hot. 11count OS et al.), and 100 off Ninety-fiveBrowns were at Deviationsfromnormal were as Abbr•viations:Assat.(AssateagueOceanCity,MD,May4(MOet Chine. Apr. 6 (DC),100 at follows:March, +3.7 øF, April, L, MD);Back Bay (Back Bay al.).The bestRed-throated CraBBy Apr, i3 OF),and 8! at +2.3ø,and May +6.5 øtempera- Nat'l •'ldlifi Ref, VA); the Bay Loontally was only 47 at Assat. Back Bay byApr. 9(DS, TMG). tures;and March, +1.6 inches, (Chesapeake Bay);Blackwater Mar. 8(MLH). InMaryland, 11were atOcean April-0.3,andMay-2.4 precipi- (Blackwater NatIWildlift Reft, TenPied-billed Grebes were CityApr. 10, 65 at Assat. Apr. 7 tation.AS a resultofthe mild- MD);C.B.B.T. (Chesapeake Bay calling at their Regional(efB), and.12 at OceanCity Bess,thenumber ofbirds arriv- Bridge and Tunnel, VA); Chine. stronghold atDeal I. Mar.21 i May22 (MO; HLW), AS heart• ingvery early was striking, espe- (Chincoteague Nat'lWiMlifi Ref., (MO)and were also heard at4 efilngasthe burgeoning co•tal ciallyherons,Ospreys, Stiltand VA);Craney (Crane 7 Island localities in May in nearbypopulation of these appealing Pectoralsandpipers, Gull-billed DisposalArea, Portsmouth, VA); Dorchester, MD, an unusualHi(els is(a Phenom•nox• of•nly Terns,goatsuckers, swifts,king- D.C. (Washington, D.C.);Deal timeand place (HTA et aL). thepasy12years6•sO),th•still birds,swallows, gnatcatchers, I. (Deal L W.M.A.,Somerse• Thirty-one wereat Loch Raven seem re!uctant. topenet•te•ety WoodThrushes, White-eyed MD); Fish. I. (Fisherman Island Res. n. of BaltimoreMar. 3 farup•theBay-Inthib•perig Vireos, Black-and-whiteNat••ldlifi Ref, VA); ES.P. (efB). Near D.C., Weigel etal. od,therew•as be•ngrowth!fi•e Warblers,and Ovenbirds.(Fort Smallwood Pal•, s.c. of foundupto six at H.M.e.P. Apr. numb•!•of Wilson'sStOrm- Granted,many of thesewere Baltimore,MD);Hart(Hartand 2 anda nest; an adult and three Petrels,N. Gannets,Great representedbyonly a fewvery MillerIslands, Baltimore Co., youngwere there in May. •r•0rants,Am, OysT•Tcatch. earlydates, but taken together, MD); H.M.C.E (HuntleyHorned Grebes continue in ers• RoyalTemg, s/lndwidi theycomprise an impressiveMeadows County Park, Falr•x, depressednumbers, with a Terns,BlackSldrnmers, and arrayofearly birds. The passer- VA); S.ES.P. (Sandy Point State spring high of only 117 on the fewother saltwater species wan• incflight, especially flycatchers, Park, near Annapolis, MD); YorkR., VA, Mar. 1 (SR).Up to detingffigup the Bay, BU{ fibi 6f thrushes,vireos, and warblers, , Susq. (lower Susquehanna R., five Red-necked Grebeswere at Bro•Pel!Cansg was againa disappointment,MD, in vicinityof ConowingoBlack Hills Res.,MD, in late with fewflights after May 10. Dam).Dates in italicsrepresent March (PO, HE, RH,NS etal.), Fish-eatingbirds continue to do bandedbirds. and singleswere at Patuxent wellin spite ofthe drastic dedine N..ILS.,St. Mary,, MD, Apr.3 Grebeswere at SwiftCreek L. of manyfish. Pelagic reporting LOONSTO (KR),nearby at Solomons, MD, nearRichmond, VA, Mar. 10 wasgood, including continua- Ialsr• Mar.19 (JLS), and on the James OF)and N. BeachMar. 28-Apr. tionof thewinter alcid flight; Spitzermade some notable R. nearFt. Eusds,VA, Mar. 17 22(JLS, NS). buta problemis the occasional Corn. Loon counts from a boat & 24 (SR),while Bruni found A pelagictrip outof Ocean receiptof differingnumbers in thelower Bay: over 900 Apr. twoat Chine.Mar. 20. Eared CityMay 17 found the follow- ing in Marylandand Virginia waters, respectively:Wilson's •v- co,owi•o•y:..• • Storm-PetrelShearwater1/0,33/130, SootyCory'sShear- '..'-'x ßFreder,ck BaRi..... •.,,•,,• [ ', !: water2/3,Leach's Storm-Petrel • ' I flO • i 0/21,andManxShearwater0/1 .'- • LPatuxen.SanyPoir • • Eastern •ß ; (KHB,BPet al.). An earlier : 'x•x SF' F •NeckNW,', Ocean City tdp recordeda = '• Alexanna•.•r "• •.,•'t=aston i ManxShearwater andeight ..•' '• • .MD•• Wilson'sStorm-Petrels May4 ,',' -x•%•,,,,• •J l• ; •\ %'•a• Blackwatertt• -Salisbury,•'NWR • Virginia(MO,EJS BeachetaL). seaBirders trip saw on a )•Charlottes'• •'• , • D•lMl•andi Manx,Shearwater, aSooty, plusand 99 aWilson'sCory's ,-}r VlRGINIA h, • : ,• '7•g/C/' • Storm-PetrelsMay26(NB,etal.).Sightings ofseabirdsfrom BP . "/ -Richr,on% • //• shoreShearwaterincludedat Virginia a BeachSooty • • ' .- 0ma•ox--"7"-'"•-'-•• ___ "' •J Y/'0'• May11 (BT), and another plusa • . •pp ••.ox • !• "M,',3 "•\/• Wilson'sStorm-Petrel from "'"' 'i Om CobbI.,VA, May21 (SR). 7 made an excellentshow of ß -.Martinsville •oaglk• strengthNorthernon theGannets middleBay againin ßKerr Res. I •_ • -? ---• .. 0• Maryland,70+ mi fromthe sea,

Volume45, Number 3 - 4.25 the mostextraordinary being and a Green-backedHeron Mar. Thirty-five Black Scoterslin- one on the SassafrasR. almost at 24, 30 SnowyEgrets Man 25, gereduntil May 4 off Ocean and 32 Little Blue Herons Mar. the headof the Bay Apr. 11 An'intensive Wo6d Duck n•st City (MO); 15 wereat Assat. (CMc). Staszrecorded gannets 30.Other herons that were quite boxp•ng• oqt•e E. Shore o• May22, along with 25 Surfsand on 31 daysin the North Beach early were Green-backedat two White-wingeds(HLW, areaMar. 1-Apr. 12, with 17 Chine. Man 25 (VBIO, one in Virgini?revealed: thaf iiarling• ar•i majorUSers of bOxe•,T•eY MO). Best Surf Scotercounts Mar.1, 109Mar. 25, and 13 Apr. Denton,MD, Apr. 8 (MWH), were 5300 at Chine.Apr. 5 6. Elsewhere,one was at S.P.S.P. will9ften puncture duck eggs.in plusone at PineyRun, Carroll •ir efforts•b takethe• ovei• (DC), dwindlingto 1500 by Mar.30 (BPj),35 nearApe Hole MD, Apr. 8 (RFR); l0 Cattle (GR, G•i, seVenteeno• $6 Apr. 21 (JB et al.) and 3100 at Cr., Somerset,Mar. 21 (MO), 10 Egretsat Bishopville,l•rcester, : b0xeschecked Apt. 17 h•heen Bellevue, lMbot, MID, Mar. 9 at Pt. LookoutS.P., St. Mary,, MD, Mar. 27 (MO, HLW), and appropriatedby'•tarlings; and 3 (HTA).This spring was notable Mar. 16 (MO), 15 at Fairmount, 22 at Ocean City Mar. 28, -[•eldbiac k rat •akes-i• spite Of for suspiciouslylate Hooded Somerset,Mar. 21 (MO), two at includingone colored uniformly •:faCt • t b•XesWe•i• Stand_ Mergansersat severalplaces in Taylor'sI. Mar. 30 (CfB),and 12 salmonpink, a not uncommon Maryland,such as two females at up the ChoptankR. at Bellevue ingwater, on POles, •ih preda- phenomenon(MO, HLW); a to?guardS: Sisme of theclutches McKee-BeshersW.M.A. Apr. Mar. 30-31 (HTA, MEA), while GlossyIbis at Berlin,MD, Mar. were begunas earlyas !ate 23-May 11 (GG, RH), one at an injuredbird wasat Patuxent 10 (MO et al.), and 105 at February.Four Hboded Mir- LilyponsMay 25 (RLH),one at N.A.S.June 1 (KR). Justover the OceanCity Mar. 28 (HLW,MO gansereggs wereln • dfitch-with Northampton Furnace May 7 Virginialine in theBay, Portlock et al.). Extraordinarywere the 10 WoodDuck eggs in onebox (JW), and one at Wile L., (easilythe Regions most aquatic numbers of White Ibisesat Fish. /in:h.AccomaCk, VA.Boode ds are Howare•May 11 (MC etal.). reporter)saw 38 in theTangier I. I., whereup to 25 werepresent extremelyrare Regional 6reed• vicinity Mar. 7. Back at sea, from lateApril throughMay, : ers.The averageWood; Duck RAPTORS TO wherethey belong, top counts with breedingindicated (DS, CRANES were 565 at Assat.Mar. 10, with :dutchhere iS t2-15 eggs• BN, SR etal.); 11 wereat Chine. allhoughthree fiens were incu- EarlyOspreys were a featurethis 30 aslate as May 5 (MLH) and May 17 (JF). spring,with too many records to 700 at VirginiaBeach Mar. 13 bating27-28 eggs, some pre- sumablydumped by other hens. mention for the first week in (C & MH). Normallya fewcan WATERFOWL March, at leasta week aheadof beseen at sea through the end of Mute Swans continue to thrive : Twentf-foursereetCh-owls were •ded, alongwith 30 •male time, in all tidewater areasof the Mayby the astute observer. in the Hooper'sL-Barren I., woodies, in 172 boxes in Region,with a reallyearly bird Eight Great Cormorants MD, area, where 200 were seen •Accomack.It is estimatedthat on the RappahannockR., VA, were at Pt. Lookout Mar. 16 May 26 and! 0 nestswere found Feb.22 (WSP).Once again, (MO) (still the bestplace for onlyone to thee young edge (HTA, ph.).There are perhaps perbrood owing to predationby theybegan nesting attempts in themin Maryland),one far up morehere than at anyother area D.C. (DC). Fifteennests were in the Potomac at Route 301 Mar. snappingturtles and bass, effects of theRegion. The last big con- of weather,and other types of theBarren I., MD, areaMay 26, 31 (EB), and two late at S.P.S.E centradon of Snow Geese was adversity.Wood Ducks were better than average(HTA). May 15 (LMD). Much more 15,000 at Ruthsburg,Queen Dozensof observersgot to see unusual was one inland at nesting in chimneysat Chine, Annes,MD, Mar. 16 (J & PG). anda dead bird was in a fireplace one to two MississippiKites in Seneca,MD, May 11 (BMu et Fifty-one Brant were still at s.e. Greensville, VA, near the al.). In D.C., 140 Double-crest- Tanyard, MD,Ma. CobbI., VA,May 21 (BTt,SR). 23 (EE). North Carolina line May edCormorants were a goodtotal High duck counts from 18-June8 (JD, AS, BW, etal.). Apr. 20 (DC), and 285 wereat Assat. included 400 Green- In Virginia, 108 active Bald Susq.Apr. 18 (RMS). Unique wingedTeal and 380 Am. Black Eaglenests were monitored, a wasa $ Anhingain Virginiaon Ducks Mar. 11 and 510 19. Exceptionalwas a record30 representingreloca- theChickahominy R. near1-295 BuffleheadsApr. 1 (MLH). Cinnamon Teal at Chinc. Mar. tions (MAB et al.). Dorchester, X Route301 May 13 (BP,MBt, Vaughn found 750 Green- 24-25, found with five Blue- MD, remainstheir stronghold in MP,ph.). wingedTeal at WallopsI. Apr. wingedTeal (VBK, BH). New thatstate, with 25 nestsholding Althoughup to four Am. for Howara• MD, was a Eur. 45 young(fide MB). A more Bitternswere at H.M.C.P.Apr. Wigeonat CentennialL. Mar. completereport will appearin 16 (JF),they were not detected 21 (JHF,JS etal.), while another thesummer summary. On May againthis yearas nesters,nor was at Deal I. Mar. 26 (D 30, Rottenborn found a N. werethey seen there since May 6 CB); a FalcatedTeal of unknown Harrier nest on Cobb I. with 5 (EPW); this is one of the few originwas at Laytonsville,MD, eggs,10 feet from the location of sitesin Virginiawhere they have in the firsthalf of March (DC, lastyear's nest (ph.); pairs were bred. Four were also. seen at MO, OJ, JO, RH). Goodwater- alsopresent on Fish., Hog, and McKee-BeshersW.M.A., MD, fowl countsfrom Hart were 123 Wreck Is., all on the E. Shoreof Apr. 21 (DC). Least Bitterns N. Shovelers, 5000 Lesser Virginia. were in poor numbers at Scaup,and 26,000 scaup(sp.) As usual,tantalizingly in- H.C.M.P.,a mostintensely scru- Mar. 10 (CfB, PW etal.). completehawk count results, in tinizedmarsh (EPW). Animm. c• King Eider was in termsof both coverageand GreatBlue Heron migration the RogueL/Hog I. Bayarea, reporting,were received from Ft. at Assat.occurred mostly in the VA, May 20 (BTt). Two Smallwood Park, s.e. of firstweek of April, with a peak of extremelylate imm. maleswere Baltimore. But those on hand 65 migrantsApr. 1 (MLH). This at OceanCity May 18-June againstress the desirabilityof speciesdoes not nestanywhere (MO, DFA, etal.), while nearby moreactivity there. On Mar.24, MuteSwan nest with eight eggs at in the Regionon the seaside. at Assat. two to five birds were 23 N. Harriers and 149 Am. Hooper'sIsland, Dorchester Severalherons appeared in good seen on numerous dates Mar. Count),,Maryland, on May 26, Kestrelswere there, with 439 numbersrather early in thesea- 1991. Unrecordedhere until about 8-25 (MLH), the latterrepre- TurkeyVultures, 101 Cooper's, son,owing presumably to the n decadeago, the specieshas sentingat least12 birds.A 151 Red-shouldered,and 52 mild weather. At Assat. I., becomennmerous, with ten nests HarlequinDuck was at Fish.I. Red-tailedhawks the next day, Hoffmansaw 11 GlossyIbises found on this date. Mar. 31-Apr. 7 (BN, SR). and 243 Sharp-shinned,33

426 - AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 seven White-rumped Sand- n. of D.C. at Violet'sLock May • , .,• pipers,and nine Wilson's28 (MO, PO); 430were atCobb Twoto six Black Rails were in PhalaropesMay 27. OriginalI. May17(SR), but more unusu- Saxismarsh, VA,w. of Chinc. on fieldwork by Rottenbornalwas a well-seenoneof the theBay inMay (NB, SR, MBt, ... involvedstudyof the use ofagri- I Eurasian raceatChinc. Apr.27 JF,BP et al.}. Saxis isVirginia's .,W -. culturalfields byshorebirds in I (LB). Northampton,VA, with results On May 30, 968 RedKnots answertoElliott I.,MD, with / suchas1750 Dunlin infields were at Cobb I. (SR,RB). andrecentHemlowsrecords Sparrows.of Sedge WrensPlease { *-- aroundEastville Mar.4;1150 Schwab's beachpatrol atBack do not abuseor evenme tapes Black-belliedPlovers and 1982 Baycontinued to makecareful there,so that the birds do not •, Dunlin Apr. 14; 1139 Sanderlingcounts, with a best becomedisaffected theway they •: SemipalmatedPloversMay 16; totalof5149 May 24 in compa- haveat Elliott,Given decent •. and2186 Black-bellied Plovers ny with380 Black-bellied weatherconditions, BlaCkRails ' _..,.-,:: .... • with 1046 SemipalmatedPlovers, three Lesser Golden PloversMay 19. Therewas an Plovers, and 831 Ruddy spontaneouslyandcanusually becounted continuously on to call SandhillCraneJ.Maryland, Marc# lalbotCounty,3, 1991. excellentflight ofSemipalmated Turnstones.Blalock found a duringtotal darkness, obviating Photograph/David Czaplak. Ploversthisspring, with totals Sanderling in s. interior theneed to: resort to harmful suchas410ins.Dorchester, MD, Virginia,atS. Boston May10 & stunulants.ß Just-let'" , em Fall, • keep GoldenEagles were an adult at May4 (HTA,SD, WCR etal.); 17. On May 25, 4500 thetapes ifi'•he car, an•stay on WilliamsburgApr.29 (BT) and 12were atremote Watts I.,VA, SemipalmatedSandpipers were theroad •dout •f•i marshsb animmature atBlackwater Mar. on theodd date of Mar.6 atWallops I. (CRV). Well-seen thatothers • •njog them for 15(JC). Hoffman, whosubmit- (WSP). Vaughn found 31 W.Sandpipers werestudied at generatlonstocome. Bywor•g ted 41 pages ofrecords from Piping Plovers atWallops I.Apr. ElliottI. May 4 (WCR,SD, •th•marsh.?•/ids•fr0m•axili••o Assat.,saw single Merlins on 7 19, a notableconcentration HTA et al.) and at Craney May the Onancockarea, Rottenborn datesMar. 8-May 14;Staszhad sinceonly a fewpairs nest there. 11, in companywith a Red- ,heart•i4•laCk•20cigpp•r,fofi• themon 5 datesatN. Beach Black-neckedStiltswere necked Phalarope andtwo Stilt Sora, and 29'Virgifi••rails •he startingMar. 22, including a late more widely reportedthan Sandpipers(GP, NB). For an •night,ofMay12•-13• sørn•.of one May 20. usual,with one-two at the excellentreviewof the status of ;thes••arshe• have •'eve• 'bee•i TwentyCom. MoorhensEaston sewage lagoons Apr. 30 thisspecies asa spring rarity, see workedbefore'In thismanner. A' wereat DealI. May9 (EL), intoMay, new for 7•lbot (MO et ClaudiaWild's "The status and BlaC•-washeardgnASsat•l. Apr, probably thebest Maryland al., ph.), two at w. Ocean City identificationof Western •27ankl: May (14 (MLH). B•t locationforthem. Simon had May3(MO, HEW, LMD), one SandpipersinVirginia inspring Elli0tt!, n!ne,wereheard May• 4; thetop tally of Am. Coots: 650 to sixApr. 17 intoMay at Deal migration"(Raven 62(1): 3-6). alor•g'wiih62Virginia Rails.. atLoch Raven Res.Mar. 1.The I.,where they have bred (GG, PectoralSandpipers showedup TenBladks• 68Virginias/ieve• Sandhill Crane s. of Trappe,EL, MI etal.), with four in on recordearly dates in 'C!app•rs•,twoSoras, an•,a King MD, in Talbotwas seen until Virginiaat WallopsI. Apr. 19 Maryland,with one at the •il •v•d:irlthat •eiral are• Mar.20 (MO, EMW, DC et al., (CRV),three atCraney inmid- University ofMaryland Central May H• a!opgwith:fou•Com• ph.). May(DMt, JCB et al.), and one Farmin HowardMar. 3 (BOt), at Chinc.Apr. 5-6 (DC); some eightat Blackwaterthe same day prislng'Mø0rhefi•to•s •ese fo•a•l:nighb•i• t hnqur•spfipg SHOREBIRDS ofthese dates arenotably early, (HTA), three atAssat. Mar.11 countsinDorcheffer(HTA, CM5 Four trips were made to Hart, someofthe locations unusual. (MLH), one at McKee-Beshers wcR•iMg• SD)• Con{in•ifig resulting in these interesting Thefirst Solitary Sandpiper was W.M.A. Mar. 17 (MO), and five :last summ•i's ' •l•surveys, •Blp• counts(PW, HK, SAR et al.): oneat LilyponsMar. 25 (BO). in mid-Marchat S. Boston,VA did'nightrailworkifi Maryland 200 Lesser Yellowlegs, 320Least Good Maryland coastal counts (JCB). 'oncorral plaio'coUhd• w.:of Sandpipers, and240 Short- were 350 Willets (arecord state Veryearly Stilt Sandpipers the•Bay, finding raill almost billed Dowitchers May11; aW. count),85Whimbrel, and6000 includedoneat Back Bay Apr. 9 nøfi•st•n{a• :brei:ders in thiS' Sandpiper May 12; 165 SemipalmatedSandpipers at (DS,TMG) and two at Assat. area,which includes the SemipalmatedPlovers, 61 Assat.May 6 (MO,HLW), and Apr.10 (MO,HLW), where pa•UXefiilLmarshes,,bUthedldRuddyTurnstones, six Red 135Willets were at Wreck I., Hoffmanfound them on 9 dates good popUlatiOnsof Knots,four Sanderlings,580 VA,May 28 (SR).Unusual were Apr.6-May 15. This species isa Cl•ppe••ilsint• St:Marys Semipalmated Sandpipers, sixWhimbrelonthePotomacR. somewhatcommoner spring marshes,4s•ially:•0•nd •SL ...... migrantin this Region than ' GeorgeIsland. manypeople believe. Single Ruffs werein Marylandat Bestpitch, Dorchester,Apr. 4 (SHD), at Jug BayWetlands Sanctuary on the Cooper's,and six Merlins Apr. PatuxentR. Apr.9 (DMd,CS et 27 (SAR). Some 152 Broad- al.), and the Easton sewage wingedHawks were there Apr. lagoonsMay 21, alongwith a 17(DM). It wasunusual to '• verylate Com. Snipe (JE). In receive5 N. Goshawkreports Virginia, three Short-billed this springßAs usual,most e . Dowitcherswere at remote lackedevenaverage documenta- • •, DameronMarshMar. 7 (WSP; tion, but two at Little Seneca overwinteringbirds?), and 1800 Res., MD, Mar. 31, were wereat OysterMay 13 (SR).An describedin somedetail (DC, earlyAm. Woodcockbrood, an ph.). The last Rough-legged adultwith fouryoung, was at Hawks were at Deal I., with ..... Denton, MD, Mar. 11 (JSI). eighton Mar. 21(MO) plusfive Black-neckedStiltat Easton sewage ponds, TalbotCount•,Marlland, on SevenRed-necked Phalaropes by Dyke Mar. 28. The only Apd130,1991.First ½o.nty record. Photograph/Michae10'Brie,. wereat CraneyMay 10 (GW et

Volume45, Number 3.427 al.). Wierengafound a Red- wereseen at 13 places,with a OWLSTO neckedat ElliottI. May23; a Red highof fiveat LaytonsvilleMar. SHRIKES wasat Hog I. on the Virginia 2 (MO, OJ); three were at Bass continued his work with coastMay 10(SRetal., ph.). GeorgetownRes. in D.C. in Barn Owls in the Nokesville area March(OJ). Fifty-oneHerring onthe Virginia Piedmont, where JAEGERSTO and 2 Great Black-backed Gull hefound 30 pairsnesting by the ALCIDS nests were found at Barren and endof May.A Long-earedOwl A PomarineJaeger was seen May Hooper'sIs., MD, May 26, a wasin Montgomery,MD, Feb. 17 overPoor Man's Canyon in record for this area and worri- 3-Mar. 30 (DC); its location Virginiawaters off OceanCity somebecause of themany terns remains secret due to concern (BP, KHB et al.), and three nestingthere, as well as 25 pairs over disturbanceto roosting Pomarine and three Parasitic of Black Skimmers, some of owls. We sometimes love 'era to jaegerswere off Ocean City May whichhad scrapes with eggs on death,or at leastlove 'era away. 4 (EJS, MO et al.). Closerto that date(HTA). This is still the Stop it! Northern Saw-whet Black-cappedChickadee banded shore,a Parasiticwas seenfrom Owls were at Nokesville Mar. 6 nearBaltimore, Maryland, May 3, onlysite on the Maryland part of 1991. Perhapsa leftoverfrom the C.B.B.T.Apr. 23 (SR,GH). the Bay whereskimmers have (KHB), at McKee-Beshers invasionof the precedingwinter, The first LaughingGulls beennesting. The LaughingX W.M,A. until Mar. 30 (RLH, butexceptionally late in the spring. werereported from Tangier I., Ring-billedGull hybrid seen last MO, PO), on 7 dateson Assat. Photograph/BarharaRoss. VA, Mar. 6 (WSP). At N. Beach, falland winter at OceanCity was Mar. 8-Apr. 1 (MLH), aswell as singleLittle Gulls were seen Apr. againseen May 18, 21, & 23 at 3 otherMaryland localities. manyas 50 on theearly date of 5 & 11,with fivethere Apr. 11 (MO etal.). The excellent Short-eared Owl Mar. 31 at Allen'sFresh, MD. (JLS);in Virginia,Bazuin found Yetanother early arrival was winter flight spilledover into Blue Jayswere in heavy three adults at Winter Harbor Gull-billed Tern, with three at spring,with sightings at 16loca- migrationthe first half of May, Mar. 26 and an adult Apr. 6; Back Bay Apr. 9, perhapsa tions, such as three near with3520 May 8 and3110 May anotherwas at CraneyMar. 9 recordstate date (DS, TMG). As BlackwaterApr. 11 (GG)and 13 at ES.E(DM) and55 along (DMt et al.). Others were at usual, a few CaspianTerns four at PresquileN.W.R., VA, the coastat Assat.May 13 Back tL SewagePlant near turnedup the first week of April. Mar. 3 (PB). Very early (MLH). Unique was a Black- BaltimoreApr. 21 (EJS), and Best counts were 300 at Hart were six Corn. Nighthawksat cappedChickadee at Stevenson, one wasat Hart May 12 (PW, May 11,with 138still there May Williamsburg,VA, Apr. 16 (SR), MD, nearBaltimore May 3 (BR, SAR). The only Corn. Black- 27 (PW, HK et al.), 180 at a Chuck-will•-widow at Assat. ph.). In Sparta,VA, Carolina headed Gull was at Baltimore S.P.S.EApr. 20 (LMD, HLW), Apr. 10 (MO), a Whip-poor- Chickadees and E. Bluebirds Mar. 1-2 (JW,EJS). An excep- and 96 on the Rappahannockwill at Sparta,VA, Mar. 31 hadeggs on the record early date tionalrarity for the Regionwas R., VA, on the samedate (WSP). (WS), and single Chimney of Feb.24 (WSP).At W. Ocean an ad. California Gull, seenfor Exceptionallyrare away from the Swiftsat Annapolis,MD, Mar. City, a House Wren was onedayatC.B.B.T. Mar. 16 (BP, open seawas an Arctic Tern at 22 (MI), ES.E Mar. 25 observeduttering an almost per- PM, NB, ph.). Yellow-leggedOcean City (MI, JLS et al.). (SAR, LMD, HLW), and feet imitation of a Carolina Gulls, first seenat 2 localities in Alwaysscarce in springhere, a WilliamsburgMar. 23 (BT). Wrensong May 21 (MO). Sedge the winter,lingered until Mar. total of 20 Black Terns off Ocean Reese had an Alder and a Wrens were found in more 21 (OJ) and Apr. 4 (JSd) at Cityon a pelagictrip May 4 was Willow flycatcherat Cheverly, placesthan usual, with an GeorgetownRes., D.C., and notable(MO, EJSetal.). PrinceGeorges, MD, May 23. astounding17 from Saxisto Mar. 16 at the Laytonsville, Thewinter alcid flight spilled Therewere small flights of E. Onancockthe night of May MD, landfill (MO, OJ, RH). overinto spring, with a Razorbill Kingbirdsat ES.E,with 39 May 12-13 (SR) and were numerous IcelandGulls were in Maryland (and five unidentifiedalcids) at 12 and 59 May 13 (DM), and at Saxisthe night of May 18-19 at SalisburyApr. 3 (EJS),Easton Chinc. Mar. 2 (AA), one off extremelyearly onesat Assat. (SDE).The CraneyRock Wren landfillApr. 19-30 (MO, HL, OceanCity Mar. 3 (GM), and Apr. 6-7 (MLH) and theYork was last seen Mar. 9 (DLH, W, JE), and nearby at two off OceanCity Mar. 10 R., VA, Apr. 9 (BT). The fancy DMt) and Mar. 15 (PGD). Cambridge Mar. 25 (DC). (MO, JO, PO, BA). Another flycatcherof the seasonwas a Extremelylate Golden-crowned SingleGlaucous Gulls were at alcid(sp.) was at Chinc.Mar. 19 Scissor-tailed, found by Kingletswere found May 5 in BackBay Apr. 9 (DS, TMG), (BB).Unprecedented this late in Davidsonat Arnold,MD, Apr. Marylandat Trappe(JGR) and S.ES.E Mar. 30 (BPj), and springhere was a Razorbillat 17. The only Yellow-bdlied in Howard(MC). A Blue-gray IaytonsvilleMar. 2 & 7 (MO, C.B.B.T. May 13 (BP, MP, Flycatcherswere at D.C. May22 Gnatcatcher at N. BeachMar. 5 DC). LesserBlack-backed Gulls MBt). (DC) and nearbyat Potomac, & 12 was believed to be the same MD, atthe Adventure Sanctuary bird found therein February May 25 (MD). As one might (JLS);first arrivals were seen at expectfrom all the othervery severalplaces the lastweek of early arrival datesmentioned March.Once again, the thrush above, the swallowswere also aheadof schedule.Truly early Purple Martins were near Eastville,VA, Mar. 11 (HG), PatuxentW.R.C., Laurel, MD, Mar. 10 (MKIO, and Ft. Eustis, VA, Mar. 15 (SR).A recordearly Bank Swallow was at H.M.C.E Mar. 19 (BL). The first Cliff Swallowwas at Lynchburg,VA, Apr. 6 (C & MH). Barn AdultCalifornia Gull (center---surrounded by Herring Gulls) at Swallowswere seen at 4 placesas LoggerheadShrike near Annapolis, ChesapeakeBay Bridge-Tunnel, Virginia, March 16,1991. earlyas Mar. 23-25 (RH, SR, Maryland,March 30,1991. Photograph/BrianPatteson. MO, PO, KM), and Blom had as PhotograplVAIHaury.

428 ßAmerican Birds,Fall 1991 flightwas poor, although 120 early were Black-and-white and1398 May 13 (DM). Sam Droege, P.G. DuMont, Veeries,12 Gray-cheekeds,20 Warblers Mar. 24 at Record counts of Brewer's S.H. Dyke, S.D. Eccles,Jeff Woods, and 20 Swainson'swere Williamsburg (BW) and Blackbirdswere made, with up Effinger,Howard Elitzak, Ethel heard over Rockville, MD, the SalisburySHD), whileone was to 51 at Nokesville Mar. 10 Engle,Mike Erwin,J.H. Farrell, nightof May 10 (MO). Meanley at L. Elkhorn,Howare( Apr. 1 (KHB), 40 Mar. 4, and 15 still A.J. Fletcher (Caroline,MD), founda veryearly Wood Thrush (KM). Stillmore early birds were there Apr. 15. Six were at Jim Ford (JFd), JesseFulton, in DismalSwamp, VA, Apr. 2. a ProthonotaryWarbler and an Ashburn,Loudoun, VA, Mar. 10 HansGabler, Inez Glime,Greg LoggerheadShrikes were report- Ovenbirdat Whiton Crossing (DFA; one on Mar. 8). Sixteen Gough,Jim & PatriciaGruber ed only twice:Annapolis Mar. on the lower E. Shore of were seen in Maryland at (Kent,MD), T.M. Gwynn,C.D 27-31 (MI, AH, ph.) and Maryland Apr. 6 (ELP), an Blackwater on Shorter's Wharf Hackman, GustavHall, Charles Nokesville Mar. 1-5 (EMW, Ovenbirdat WilliamsburgApr. Road Feb. 28-Apr. 11 (MO, & Melva Hansrote,AI Haury, ICHB). 2 (BW), and four Ovenbirdsin GG, LMD, et al.); one was at M.W. Hewitt, Robert Hilton, DismalSwamp Apr. 1 (BM). A LilyponsMar. 10 (DC); three M.L. Hoffman (AssateagueI, VIREOS TO late Mourning Warbler was werein FrederickMar. 17-Apr. MD), R.L. Homan, Bill Howe, WARBLERS bandedin Arlingtonby Peacock 3 (v.o.);and two were at Hog I. D.L. Hughes,Marshall Iliff, The passerinemigration once June5. Marsh,Caroline, Apr. 2 (MO). OttavioJanni, G.M. Jett, Hank again drew no rave reviews. Ringlerfound at leastfive Boat- Kaestner,Teta Kain (C.B.B.T.), Observersagreed that the best TANAGERS TO tailed Gracklesat Tilghman, Kerrie Kirkpatrick, V.B warblerflight was May 3-5, with FINCHES MD, May 10,including afemale Kitchens, M.K. Klimkiewicz, no goodflights after the end of Somewhatheartening were the carryingnesting material, a first Ellen Lawler, H.E. LeGrand, the2nd week of Ma)• The many impressivenumbers of some nestingrecord for Talbotand Bev Leuwenberg,Doug Lister, earlydates of birdsthat usually speciesfound on somespring veryfar up the Bay.An earlyish Gail MacKiernan, Nancy arrive in late March or the first bird counts,such as 158 Scarlet Orchard Oriole was at Magnusson,Kathy Mariano, halfof April did little to com- Tanagersand 275 Indigo Chestertown,Kent, MD, Apr. CarolMcCullough (CMc), Paul pensatefor the poor warbler Buntingsin Howare(MD, May 12 (J& PG). Therewas a notice- McQuarry,Brooke Meanley, Pat flightat the peak of migration in 11 (JSet al.). IndigoBuntings ableflight of PurpleFinches the Melville (PMe), StaufferMiller, May. Very early White-eyed wereseen at 3 placesin April, first half of May, especiallyin Carolyn Mills, Dorothy Vireos were at Williamsburg suchas a very early one at Chinc. Maryland,as well as an earlier Mitchell (DMt), David Apr.2 (BW) andChinc. Apr. 6 Apr. 20 (JB et at). Dickcissels flight of EveningGrosbeaks, Mozurkewich, Dotty Mumford (DC), with three at Vaughn madean excellent showing, with with a highof 40 at Berkeley (DMd), Bill Murphy (BMu), W.M.A. in coastalMD Apr. 9 sightingsat 12 placeswell dis- Plantationnear Richmond,VA, Ben Nottingham, Marianna (MO, HLW). New for the tributedthroughout the Region, Mar.12 (PB)and a fewlingering Nuttie, Bob Oberfelder,John Region and Virginia was a with the exceptionof s.e. into the first week of May at O'Brien,Mike O'Brien (stateof Black-whiskeredVireo, banded Virginia.It is hopedthis por- widespreadlocalities. The only Maryland), Paul O'Brien, andcarefully measured and pho- tendsa goodbreeding season for Pine Siskinreport was one at Bonnie Ott (BOt), John tographedat BackBay May 18 this species,which is still just WilliamsburgApr. 23 (BT). Overton, EL. Parks,Zach Parks, (RCS). barelyhanging on asa breeder ES.P. was also the scene of the BrianPatteson, Myrna Patteson, Hybrid warblers reports here.Even more precarious isthe biggestAm. Goldfinchflight, Elizabeth Peacock, Grayson includesingle "Brewster's"at statusof Bachman'sSparrow, but May 13, when Mozurkewich Pearce,Bruce. Peterjohn (BPj), AdventureMay 4 (MD), at theywere found again in s.c. saw 469 there; 350 were at Don Peterson,Paul Pisano,E.L H.M.C.E May 2 (ICK),Bristol Virginia,one locality having up Pennyfieldin Marylandn. of Pitney (lower EasternShore, in AnneArundel, MD, May 5 to sevenbirds June 4 (RH, JD, D.C. May 2 (RLH). Red MD), W.S. Portlock, Kyle (PMe, ph.), and at Tolchester AS et al.); a few Henslow's Crossbill,that erraticspecies, Rambo, J.G. Reese (Talbot, Beach,MD, May 4 (J & PG), Sparrowswere in someof these wasnoted thrice: 15 at Bellevue, MD), George Reiger, S.A while Lawrence's were at same areas. Precise localities are MD, Mar. 31 (HTA, MEA) and Ricciardi,R.E Ringler(all of Denton, MD, May 13 and keptsecret at therequest of the 12 thereApr. 14 (GLA,CCW), Maryland), Wilbur Ritten- Howare(MD, May 13 (BOt). observers because of misuse of as well as at Blackwater,where house,Barbara Ross, Stephen The goodwinter for Orange- tapedcalls in previousyears. A two wereseen Apr. 27 (HTA, Rottenborn, W.C. Russell, crowned Warblers extended into genuine rarity was a singing Norman Saunders, E.J thespring, with one at Bellevue, Clay-coloredSparrow in D.C. Scarpulla, Gregory Schrott, MD, Apr. 13-14 (CCW, GLA, Apr. 26 (DC). A Savannah Observers:D.E Abbott, Anita R.M. Schutsky,Don Schwab, HTA), one at the E. Shore of Sparrow at Oland Road, Allen, J.M. Anderson, R.A. W. Scudder,Matthew Sharp, V•rginiaN.W.R. Mar. 6 (SR), Frederick,MD, May 19-June8 Anderson, G.L. Armistead, Allan Sharrett,Jay Sheppard threeat Ft. EustisMar. 1-Apr. was singingand undoubtedly M.E. Armistead, Scott (JSd), L.T. Short, Joe Shortall 12 (SR), and an unbelievablesix attemptingto breedat the s.e. Atkinson,Bob Augustine, Cliff (JS1), S.W. Simon, T.W in DismalSwamp Apr. 21 (SR). edgeof its nestingrange. Very Barry (CfB), K.H. Bass,J.B. Simpson,Jo Solera (Howare( The first N. Parula was at Ocean goodnews is the presenceof Bazuin, Paul Bedell, Ruth Beck, MD), ER. Spitzer,J.L. Stasz, City Apr. 9 (MO), andYellow- one-twoHenslow's Sparrows at Jim Berry(JBy), John Bjerke, KelseySwanson, Chris Swarth, throated Warblers were first Saxis,VA, May 12-25,one of the J.C. Blalock, Eirik Blo, Mike P.W.Sykes, Brian Taber, Hank found at WilliamsburgMar. fewplaces in the Regionwhere Boatwright (MBt), Connie Taliaferro,Barry Truitt (BTt), 23-25 (BT, BW, SR), both theymay still breed (SR, JE, SDE Bockstie,Maggie Briggs, Lysle C.R. Vaugh,Pete Webb, E.P slightlyearly. The Hampton etal.). ALe Conte'sSparrow was Brinker,Ned Brinkley,Don & Weigel,Gerald Weinberger, Joy RoadsBird Club springcount reportedfrom Fish.I. Apr. 25 Carol Broderick, Bill Bruni, Wheeler, Tony White, H.L usuallyturns in the highest (DS).A White-throatedSparrow M.A. Byrd, Martha Chestem, Wierenga, Jim Wilkinson BlackpollWarbler count each in D.C. May 22 wasvery late JohnChurchill, Gary Costanzo, (JWn), Bill Williams, G.B season,and this year's 98 May 11 (DC).A]ate Snow Bunting was David Czaplak(D.C.), John Wilmot, E.M. Wilson (greater wasjust that. However,their at Pt. LookoutS.P. on the very Dalmas, LM. Davidson, Tom D.C. area), C.C. Whitt.-- countsin recentyears have been latedate of Apr.6 (BPj).ES.P. Dick, Bob Dixon, Margaret HENRY T. ARMISTEAD, 523 much lower than 10 or more was the scene of Bobolinks Donnald(Adventure Sanctuary E. Durham St., Philadelphia, yearsago (TK et al) Alsovery flights,w•th 1306seen May 11 bandingstation, Potamac, MD), PA 19119

Volume 45, Number 3- 429 The mild winter meant little et al.) on the mainland side of Greensboro,NC (HH et al.), SOUTHERN chancefor seeingRed-necked Pamlico Sound. Double-crested fivewere seen near Fayetteville, Grebes,yet one was noted at Cormorants are now so abun- NC, Jan.22-25 (PJC), and six ATLANTICCOAST OregonInlet, NC, Jan.22 (RB dant in winter in coastal North were there Feb. 14-28 (PJC); etal.).Eared Grebe is seen nearly Carolina that the esdmate of and fivewere seen at Goldsboro, REGION everywinter regardless of condi- 120-124 thousand in the NC, Feb. 22 (GH). A few scat- (WINTER1990-1991REPORT) tions. Singles appeared along the Ocracoke Inlet area in late tered reportsof Snow Goose coastat Ocracoke,NC, Dec. 31 December(fide BR) is not a were made from the Region (ph., MO, RBI et al.) and at completesurprise. Anhingas in awayfrom theircoastal range, HuntingtonBeach S.P., SC, Jan. thePiedmont, especially in win- but no Ross' Goose found this 19-20 (RC, CE, DF, DoF). A ter, are alwaysof interest;one season.Single Green-winged The mild weather continued in small black-and-white shearwa- wasat L. Blalock,Clayton, GA, (Eur.) Teal (males,of course) the South, with December, ter studied from the beach at Jan.13 (PB, PM, TM). were in coastal North Carolina January,and February becoming OcracokeI., NC, Dec. 31 (MO, Jan. 19 at CapeHatteras point the twelfth, thirteenth, and four- RBI) was identifiedas a Manx; WADERS (RD, HL JW) and Feb. 1-3 at teenth consecutive months of however,as Audubon's has been The Great Blue (White) Heron Morehead City (RD, HL, above-normaltemperatures at recentlyfound in winter in seen in November at the South C.B.C.). Mottled Duck contin- many weatherstations. There North Carolina waters, and the Carolina spoil area near ues to thrive in coastal South werea few insignificantsnow- bird was seen at a distance of sev- Savannah,CA, wasfound again Carolina. Birds of the intro- stormsin the Region,though eralhundred yards, I preferto Dec. 2 (RC, CE, KC), for the ducedpopulations have ranged thiseditor saw nary a snowflake callthe bird a "probableManx." 2nd winter record for the state. as far south as Savannah all season. An Am. White Pelican was at For goodmeasure, it wasalso N.W.R., where three+ were The seasonwas predictable: OcracokeDec. 31 (JF,MT, BR, seenover the border in Georgia noted Dec. 2 (RC). The 3 many summer stragglerson PV), and it or anotherwas about on that date.As expectedwith reportsof Eur. Wigeon seem Christmas counts, but fewer 15 mi away at HatterasJan. themild weather, Cattle Egrets aboutpar for the season,with waterfowl than usual. Some 19-21 (RB, HL, RD, JW). weremore frequently reported, males found Dec. 1-14 at stragglerswere common and eas- Another White was at at least in coastal North SavannahN.W.R. (LG, RC, CE, ily identifiedbreeding birds such Cumberland I., GA, Feb. 24 Carolina, with reports from AW, VW), Dec. 28 at L. as Orchard Oriole, Eastern (MW). The mild winter was Carteret,Currituck, and Hyde, Mattamuskeet,NC (ED, MT et Kingbird, and American goodnews for BrownPelicans, the best count was seven in the a/.),and Feb. 10 at Oregon Inlet, Redstart,species that are seldom whichoften suffer heavy mortal- last county Dec. 28 (ILL). NC (ED). seenby veteranbirders at that ity in severewinters. A countof Green-backed Herons are also I don't know what to do with season.The alcid flight along the 60 pelicansat New Bern,NC, beneficiariesof mild winters;the reportsof large numbersof Adanticcoast barely reached the Jan.5 (RB) wasgood for that manyreports featured two along GreaterScaup along the South Carolinas. But this was the best tidewater town. Of course, the Fall Line: nearLillington, Carolinacoast. Many thousands winter ever for western hum- Great Cormorants continued to NC, Dec.15 (PH) andAugusta, of LesserScaups winter there, so mingbirds. be widely reportedalong the GA, Dec. 22 (AW, VW). it is not unexpectedthat some coast, south to Huntington could be Greaters.However, the LOONSTO Beach,SC, whereup to four WATERFOWL species is quite uncommon ANHINGA birdswintered (RC et al.). Four Good weather for waders is bad along the coasts. of Pamlico Theonly inland sighting of Red- werealso seen in flightin com- for waterfowl; sea ducks win- Sound,NC, and the 2 species throatedLoon was one at Jordan parisonwith Double-crestedsat teredmainly n. of theRegion. A provideone of our more difficult L., Chatham,NC, Feb.23 (PSa). PamlicoPt., NC, Dec. 15 (PJC Tundra Swan wintered near identificationproblems. Until I receiveconvincing documenta- tion, I will assumethat essential- ly all suchscaups are Lessers. There were a few single-digit Greaterreports inland, plus a JordanL.•* Raleigh count in the teens in n. South Carolina.The onlyeider report was of two Commons Dec. 7 at •G..... ille CAROLINA _.•"• o the jetty at HuntingtonBeach More_.headCi?•..• S.P.,SC (RM, RCI).Fortunately, a few Harlequin Ducks did SOUTHWilmington ß?•"'• • remind us there was a "winter" after all. The only reportfor North Carolina was a male at A.g•st•. ßCø'"mbia•Aiken "-,.,,,..•ntee tCAROLINANWR • GEORGIA OregonInlet Jan. 20 (RD etal.), butSouth Carolina had as many astwo in Januaryand February in the Garden City / HuntingtonBeach S.P. area (LG, DF, RC) and up to three in Februaryin Charlestonharbor (LG, MS, JR). An inlandcount oAibany of seven Surf Scoters near c Winston-Salem, NC, Dec. Okefenokeej• 20-21 (G & HT, RS, HHo) was the first county record for Forsyth;and another Surf Scoter

430 ßAmerican Birds,Fall 1991 was notable at Greenville, NC, reportsfor the other 2 stateshave and two near Hatteras, NC, found. The ad. Corn. Black- Jan.13 (JW). It makesno sense, been so scarce that it is not clear Dec. 30 (HA party). A few headed Gull returned for the g•venthe remarkablymild sea- if thespecies isregular. Are bird- Long-billedCurlews also over- 2nd winter to MoreheadCity, son, but T. Moore provided ersplaying tapes of thespecies at winteralong the coast,though NC, where it wasseen all season recordsshowing that there were dawn or dusk on CBCs, as is this seasonreports were only (JE m.ob.), and a 2nd-winter more reports of Common donealong the North Carolina from North Carolina: two near Black-headed was seen on Goldeneyesthan usualin n. coast?At anyrate, Blacks were BeaufortOF, m.ob.) and one at Currituck Banks in both Georgia!The Region'sbest seen Jan. 26 at South I., Ft. Fisher (m.ob.), all for the Virginia and North Carolina barometerof winter severity-- Georgetown,SC (SL,fide JEC) duration. Feb. 16 (JW, HL). The best Common Merganser--went and Dec. 17 near Darien, GA LeastSandpipers winter at a inlandcount of Bonaparte'sGull unreported,at leastto my satis- (PR). A King Rail wasa good handfulof inlandsites, mainly in was400 at L. Wateree,SC, Jan faction. find at AugustaJan. 25 (AW, Georgiaand South Carolina, as 17 (LG). VW), andthe mild weather was wellas along the coast.Higher Therewere just 2 reportsof HAWKS TO perhapsresponsible for a hand- numbers overwintered this sea- Iceland Gull, both from North CRANES ful of inlandreports of Virginia son,as expected,with notable Carolina: an immature at Ospreysare wintering in greater Rails from North Carolina, countsof 35 at Goldsboro,NC, WancheseJan. 20 and Feb. 17 numbersalong the coasteach thoughthe species is regularon Jan. 5 (ED) and the samenum- (RD, HL etal.), andan adultat year,and a handfulwere found theRaleigh CBC, even in colder ber at AugustaJan. 13 (AW, MoreheadCity Jan.12 (JF)and awayfrom tidal areas.Singles winters. VW) and Millen, GA, Feb. 15 Feb.3 (ED, m.ob.). It wasalso were notable on the Greenville, The mild season"squeezed" (AW, VW). Severalweeks early, not the best winter for the ever- SC, CBC Dec. 29 (PW), at the fall and springmigration andquestionably qualifying as a increasingLesser Black-backed Goldsboro,NC, Dec. 15 (JW, periodsof Sandhill Cranes "winter record," were three Gull.Among the usual handful PWr), at Greenville,NC, Dec. throughc. Georgia.The fall PectoralSandpipers Feb. 23 at of NorthCarolina sightings was 20 (JW), and at AugustaDec. migrationwas so late that hun- Townville, SC (PW). Four a "semi-inland" bird at Aurora 22-Jan. 5, with two there in dredsof birdswere still heading Dunlins remained at Dublin at Feb.:27 (SC). The onlyreports early February(fide AW). As SSE in mid-December, and 424 leastthrough Jan. 26 (TKP),and awayfrom that state were adults mentionedhere frequently, Bald were tallied on the Atlanta CBC nineDunlins was a goodtotal at FollyBeach, SC, Dec. :2 (RM) Eagle numberscontinue to (fideTM). The "spring"migra- Dec. 15 at Goldsboro 0W, and at HuntingtonBeach S.P d•mb, with severaldozen birds tionbegan as early as Feb. 14, the PWr). Seldomfound inland in Jan.27 (LG). Seldomfound in now wintering in North firstreport from the Atlanta area. winter was a Short-billed Georgia,and believed to be the Carolina. The most notable Othernotable crane reports were Dowitcher at Dublin Dec. 6th state record, was an imm reportwas one takinga Ring- two that spentthe winter at 31-Jan.5 (TKP). More likely GlaucousGull at Jekyll I. Jan.22 neckedDuck from a pondat Mackay Island N.W.R., NC inlandin winteris Long-billed (BD)-Feb. 17 (m.ob.). Other AugustaJan. 5 (AW, VW). (fide JF), one all seasonat Dowitcher;the species may have reportsof Glaucouswere at Rough-leggedHawk is alwaysa LockwoodPlantation, Berkeley, overwintered at L. PawleysI., SC, Dec. 15 (DF) goodfind, especially in a mild SC (DF, RC), one at Santee Mattamuskeet, where 10 were andBeaufort, NC, Jan.20-early w•nter, but severalreached south N.W.R., SC, Jan.29 (LG), and notedDec. 31, alongwith 100 Feb.(JF, C.B.C.). A majorrarity to e. North Carolina. A dark 30 onthe ground in Greene,GA, GreaterYellowlegs and three in the Piedmont, a Great Black- morph bird wasin c. Carteret Feb. 16 (PY). LesserYellowlegs (HL). Red backedGull, was presentat Feb.1 (HL, RD), andtwo light Phalaropesare often common in JordanL., NC, Dec. 16 (BRo morphhawks were along 1-95 in SHOREBIRDS winteroffshore, but hardlyany- party),whereas two to fourwere HaliJ•xFeb. 4 (RB), with one Wilson'sPlovers do not generally oneventured away from shore notable at Greenville, NC, not seenagain two days later (RB). overwinterin the Region,but this season.However, therewere far from tidewater,in January For some strangereason, two birdsdid just that at Bird 2 onshorereports: one was and February0W). Sandwich there have been a number of Shoalnear Beaufort,NC (JF). foundinjured on a streetat Pine Terns often linger into late reportsof GoldenEagle over the Also possiblyoverwintering, Knoll Shores, NC, Dec.19 (fide November,but a total of sevenor yearsfrom Francis Marion N.E, thoughseen only on a single JF),and another was remarkably eight Dec. 31 at OcracokeI., whichseems too forested to pro- date, were two on Feb. 4 at far inland in Laurens,GA, on NC (MO, BR)was exceptional, v•de much suitable habitat. One HarborI., BeauJ3rt,SC (LG) Dec. 27 (TKP). a singleSandwich was also near wasseen independently by2 par- and one Feb.8 at Edingsville, Wilmington, NC, Dec. 29 uesDec. 30 in thes. portionof Charleston,SC (LG). Hardly JAEGERS (JBr).The onlyother notewor- the forest(PN, DC et al.). The ever seen inland in winter was a TOALCIDS thytern reports were of Forster's mild winter made no difference SemipalmatedPlover in Laurens, Both Pomafine and Parasitic an excellent1:200 at JekyllI., on thewintering population of GA, Dec.27 (fideTKP).Greater jaegerswinter sparinglyalong GA, Feb. 9 (PS) and one at far Am. Kestrels;this speciesis and Lesseryellowlegs linger theRegion's coast, but themild inlandLillington, NC, Dec. 15 dwindlingeach year. It isa plea- inland into late fall but are sel- weather was responsiblefor (PH, MSt, HB). sureto state that inland sightings dom foundbeyond December. morejaegers remaining through Regionalbirders were overly of PeregrineFalcons were too This season,both specieswere the seasonthan normal. Records (and,as it turnedout, agonizing- w•despreadto mention; hacking presentfor the durationnear were a little too numerous to ly) awareof a latewinter alcid programsare working! In fact, Dublin, GA (TKP), nine mention, but notable was a flightin Regionsto ournorth. It "skyscraper"birds were seen in Greaterswere at AugustaJan. 13 Pomafine in Pamlico Sound, is true that the Southern Atlantic Raleigh,NC 0Pe), Columbia, (AW,VW), anda Lesser,proba- NC, Feb.9 (ED). Coast did have four alcid SC (RC, CE), andAtlanta (JC), blya veryearly migrant, was at LaughingGulls were unusual records, all of Razorbill. This w•ththe last bird even being seen Bethel, NC, Feb. 23 (JW). inland at both Goldsboro Dec. wouldnormally be considered a (where else?)but at an Atlanta Whimbrels were considered rari- 15 0W, PWr) and Peachtree major alcid flight! But the Falconsfootball game Dec. 23! tiesin winter2 decadesago, but City L., GA, Dec.22 (PM, TM, reportsof murresand Dovekies, Black Rails have been known thespecies has started to winter KB). Warm wintersgenerally so tantalizinglyclose to North to winterregularly in brackish regularlyin verysmall numbers meanpoor seasons for rarer gulls Carolina,with a few puffins marshes along the North alongthe coast. Notable were six in theSouth, but all theregular thrownin for goodmeasure, Carohna coast, but w•nter all seasonat Beaufort,NC OF) speoesexcept for L•ttle were madeour punyfour Razorbills

Volume45, Number 3. 431 paleby comparison. Many bird- record of Black-chinned unexpectedin winterslike this. againhad severalOvenbirds •n ers combed the beaches for Hummingbirdfrom the Region. Fortunatelyfor this editor,the late December(PS etal.);anoth- alcids,especially inlets and jet- An imm.male appeared Dec. 24 only spotted "non-Hermit" er wasseen along the Georgia ties,and one person even talked at a feeder at the Birdwatcher's thrush was a Wood Thrush near coastnear Darien Jan. 7 (D & hisway onto a fishingboat that SupplyCompany (of all places) AugustaDec. 22 (RL, CB). A DCo). Thoughthere are at least went to the "cold" water n.e. of in Roswell, GA (RCo). It Gray CatbirdFeb. 2 in Greene, 4 previouswinter recordsfor OregonInlet in February.The remaineduntil Jan. 11 andwas GA (PS) was notable that late Georgia,two Wilson'sWarblers moralof the storyis no onein seenand photographed bymany into the winter.The Sprague'sthat spentmuch of the winter this Regionever sees an alcid birders;it wascaptured, mea- Pipit that causedsuch excite- nearGainesville (JP, m.ob.) was throughpurposeful field work! sured,and banded Jan. 4 (BS)to ment in South Carolina in an excellent record, at least for For the record, the four provideadditional documenta- November remained at longevity.Another Wilson's was Razorbills were seen Dec. 31 in tion.As usual, there were reports HuntingtonBeach at leastto tardyat L. MattamuskeetDec 2 OregonInlet (PS, NB, PMcQ, of Archilochushummingbirds, Dec. 7 (RM, RC1). Many BP),at KureBeach, NC, Jan.19 all from Carteret,NC. That state observers,as well asCBC totals, (TP,DW), atHuntington Beach has a few conclusive winter indicateda slightyet noticeable TANAGERS TO BUNTINGS S.P.Jan. 26-28 (DS, LG et al.), recordsof Ruby-throated,but upswing in numbers of A ScarletTanager at a feeder•n and at EmeraldIsle, NC, Feb. 23 Black-chinnedis still yet to be LoggerheadShrikes. However, I CharlestonDec. 28-Jan. 4 (JE) (RC, CE). reliably reported from the would like to wait until a more was a first in winter for South Carolinas. Immature c3 Rufous normalwinter passes, plus a few Carolina.Only one report of W OWLS TO Hummingbirdswere seen in breedingseasons, before I can Tanager--inDublin from Jan HUMMINGBIRDS Lancaster(JL, LG) andFlorence believethat shrikesare actually 24-Feb. 25 (TKP)--was a d•s- One of thevery few convincing (DF, DoF, RC, CE) in South increasingin the Region. appointmentfor a speciesthat sightreports of Long-earedOwl Carolina, and at least five seemedto be more"regular" a camefrom Figure Eight I., NC, "Rufous"hummingbirds were VIREOS,WARBLERS decadeago. Rarely seen in w•n- Feb.9 (DCa). This is aboutthe presentin theAtlanta area in the A warm winter meansmany ter,although not too unexpect- lastplace the specieswould be winter.Sargent banded at least White-eyedVireo reports. They ed,was an Indigo Bunting Dec expectedin the state,but the threebirds, all definitely Rufous. werefound on CBCsranging 15 s. of LaGrange,NC (RD) descriptionleaves no doubt;it No Allen'sor Broad-tailed yet for into the Piedmont at Marietta PaintedBuntings are more regu- was also flushed from a cedar and theRegion! 0G) and Athens (PY) in lar in winterthan Indigos, and perchedin the openin broad Georgia,and in n. I•rk (TP reportsthis seasonwere of two daylight.I am not awarethat FLYCATCHERS party)and McCormick(TK) in (again)at feedersin Beaufort, Short-earedOwls makemajor TO SHRIKES SouthCarolina. Solitary Vireos NC (LH, SCu,fideJF) and one "invasions" as do some of the A well-described Yellow-bellied nowwinter practically over the in a marsh at Columbia, SC, other northern owls. None-the- Flycatcherwas seenbut not entire Region,except the w. Dec. 15 (RC, CE). This editor less,an "invasion" occurred, par- heardDec. 16 nearMarietta, GA Piedmont of North Carolina; a had a magictouch with Clay- ticularlyin e. North Carolina. (GS et al.). The completeeye notable count was 16 on the colored Sparrows,finding a Amongnumerous reports were ring,with no teardropin back, PeachtreeCity, GA, CBC Dec. groupof threenorth of Beaufort sevenwest of Cordele,GA, Jan. and other marks, seem to rule 22 (fideTM). Orange-crownedDec. 16-Jan.20 (HL, JF,m.ob ) 25 (TM et al.), six west of L. out otherEmpidonax, although Warblerswintered in perhaps andalso finding two west of L Phelps,NC, in Januaryand puristswould require a speci- their best numbers ever. There Phelps,NC, Jan.20 (HL, RD, February(HL etal.), and several men. This is a first winter record were numerous records for n. JW, PWr); no others were each at Voice of America sites in of thisspecies for the Region. As Georgia,including seven on the reported. Pi•t and Beaufbrt,NC, during might be expected,a few W. Atlanta CBC; several inland SingleLark Sparrowswere theseason (ED, JW). The only Kingbirds lingered into North Carolina CBCs (Jordan goodfinds near Cornelia, GA, N. Saw-whetOwl reportwas December; these essentiallyLake, Goldsboro,Greenville) Dec. 19 (PHarv) andat Buxton, oneseen and heard giving the 2- neveroverwinter. Reports were alsohad multiplesightings of NC, Dec.30 (HL). Unexpected note call at PortsmouthI., NC, of singlesDec. 5 at FollyBeach, Orange-crowneds.A Nashville wasa sightingof a Henslow's Dec. 30 (MO). SC (LG, KC), Kure Beach,NC, Warblerstudied in greatdetail Sparrowin the PiedmontFeb There were 2 reportsof Dec. 16-24 (GM, JN), Figure nearSouthport, NC, Jan.1 ON, 23 at Townville,SC (PW). Near CommonNighthawks, provid- EightI., NC, Dec. 24 (DCa), GM) was about the 4th winter thepoorly demarcated n. edge of ing the firstwinter records for and PortsmouthI., NC, Dec. 30 record for the state. the winter range were two Georgia.One wasseen Dec. 10 (MO, BRetal.). An E. Kingbird Barelyqualifying for a winter Henslow's seen in Croatan N F at Decatur(MaO), and another was a surpriseon a telephone record were two imm. Yellow nearNewport, NC, Feb.21 (JF) was seen Dec. 22 on the wire in e. Chatham,NC, Dec. 30 Warblers at L. Mattamuskeet, It is comfortingthat the once PeachtreeCity CBC (PR, CL). (MN, HC, MM), particularlyas NC, Dec. 2 (RD). The warbler "rare" Lincoln'sSparrow was Details seemed to rule out Lesser the speciesis seldomseen after of the season was South reportedso often that all records Nighthawk,and it would be October. Carolina's 3rd Black-throated cannot be mentioned in detaill unlikelythat the latterspecies It wasn't much of a winter for GrayWarbler, a femalein a yard The specieswas encountered •n would be in urban areas.In addi- HornedLarks, though one near at Isle of Palms most of the win- Georgiaat 4 sites,in South tion,there were many records of Cordele,GA, Dec. 2 (EM) was ter (DH, m.ob.). Piedmont Carolina at 2, and in North Commons from the Atlanta area nearthe s. limit of the range. records for Black-and-white Carolina at 5; notable was a well into November.Whip- Perhapssurprisingly, there was Warbler included birds at countof fivesouth of LaGrange, poor-willsprobably winter regu- onlyone report of a "non-Tree" CharlotteJan. 15 (HW) andon NC, Feb. 3 (RD, HL). White- larlyin smallnumbers near the swallow:a Barnat Huntington thePeachtree City CBC Dec. 22 crownedSparrows, rare in most coast,as leastto FrancisMarion BeachS.P. Dec. 22 (LG). Blue- (fideTM). An ad. c3American of the CoastalPlain, were seen N.E, SC.The 4 reports--onein grayGnatcatcher reports were Redstartat BrookgreenGar- during the seasonin that North Carolina, 2 in South out of hand. This is one of the dens,Georgetown, SC, Dec. 15 provinceat Buxton(HL), New Carolina,and one in Georgia-- marginalboldface birds on many (TS) appearsto be that state's BernOF, RB, KW), La Grange were all near the coast. Coastal Plain CBCs, often 2nd winter record. The mar- (ED, RD) and Beaufort(JF) •n At last there •s a definmve m•ssed •n cooler winters but not rome forest at Buxton, NC, North Carohna, and •n Laurens

432. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 (TKP) in Georgia.The mild EveningGrosbeaks were also Commonsin Georgiawere at winterdefinitely contributed to presentbut very uncommon, SOUTHERN Dublin May 19 (TKP) and a near lack of Lapland missedon manyCBCs and by DeKalb Res.to May 31 (.IS) Longspurs;theonly reports were manybirders. Nearly all counts ATLAN11CCOAST Patterson found 7 nests, of singlesw. of L. Phelps,NC, weresingle-digit. totalling53 eggs,of Pied-billed Dec.2 (RD) andat Huntington REGION Grebe in one marsh in n BeachS.P. Dec. 6 (LG, KC). Not Observers:Fred Annand, Harry HarryE. LeGrand,Jr. Laurens,GA, Apr.20. The only surprisingly,Snow Buntings Armistead,Joe Bean, Clarence raregrebe for theseason was an were difficult to find, being Belger,Ken Blackshaw,Rick Eared,in breedingplumage, encounteredonly thrice, along Blom (RBI), Rich Boyd,Ned Mar. 12 in Core Sound near the North Carolina coast: one at Brinkley,Patrick Brisse,Hal The beat (and heat) goeson; Lola,NC (PSa). BodieIsland Dec. 29 (fidePS), Broadfoot,John Brunjes (JBr), March,April, and May became Thiswas the best spring ever one at Holden BeachJan. 19 Kevin Calhoon, Halbert the 15th to 17th consecutive in coastal North Carolina for (GH, BG, HD), and five on Carmichael, Carolina Bird months of above-normal tem- pelagicbird reports, thanks to a CurrituckBanks Dec. 14 (FA). Club, Derb Carter (DCa), peratureover most of the coldfront that passed through RobinCarter, Jack Carusos, J.E. Region. Normally, a warm May18, bringing strong NE and BLACKBIRDS TO Cely, David Chamberlain, springmeans a poormigration, E windsthe next 4 days.The CARDUELINEFINCHES RogerClark (RCI), Don & as birds pour uninterrupted windspresumably pushed the One often wonders if Brewer's Doris Cohrs (D & DCo), northward on S or SW winds. birds coastward and almost cer- Blackbirdis regularin winterin Richard Cole (RCo), Sam Fortunately,there were enough tainly dammedup the north- theRegion, except at a fewspots Cooper,EJ. Crutchfield, Shirley fronts and rainfall to slow down bound migrants.The period (mainlyin Georgia).It cancer- Cuthrell(SCu), Ricky Davis, andforce down migrants, so that May21-25 producedphenome- tainlybe overlooked among the Eric Dean, Bruce Dralle, Harriet the season received mixed nal results both offshore and hordesof otherblackbirds, yet Duncan,Caroline Eastman, Jose reviews. A number of birders onshore.Ake and party were able manyof ushave pored over such Escobar, Dennis Forsythe, found the season better than to photographan intermediate hordesin futility.However, this Donna Forsythe(DFo), John normal,despite the downward morph Herald Petrel winterprovided several notable Fussell,Lex Glover,Joe Gould, trendin Neotropicalmigrants. (Pterodroma arminjoniana) records. A flock of 125 was Betty Grady,Steve Hall, Paul Therewas a noticeablemigra- about 50 mi s.e. of Cape observed at a new site south of Hart, Paige Harvey (PHarv), tionpush around April 13-15. Hatteras,and they saw a proba- PungoL., NC, Feb.4 (HWi); Herb Hendrickson, Hop The biggestweather feature ble darkmorph Herald also on 65-80 were at a new site at Hopkins(HHo), Gene Howe, was a "back-door" cold front that thattrip. Dave Lee has previous- Simpsonville,SC, Dec. 29 Lois Howland, David Huff, Tim droppeddown from the north on ly collectedone, and observed (PW); and 12 wereat Augusta Kalbach,Jim Keighton,Tom the afternoonof May 18. The one or two others, in waters off Dec. 22 (VW). Thesesites will Krakauer (TKr), Chris highpressure center camped over North Carolina; thosewere dark hopefullybe checked again next Lambrecht,Sarah Landrum, Jim the Northeastfor severaldays, morph individuals.There are winter to see if the birds are reli- Lasley,Harry LeGrand, Richard bringingstrong NE andE winds now perhaps a half-dozen able. The best total of Brewer's Lux, Margaret Martin, Greg to the North Carolina coast. records for the w. Atlantic. What for the winter was 300 in Massey, Ellery McClintock, Fortunately,birders were able to wasapparently the 3rd sighting Laurens,GA, wherethey are rea- RogerMcNeill, Paul McQuarry getoffshore after the winds had for North America of Soft- sonablyreliable (TKP). Perhaps (PMcQ), PeggyMoore, Terry abated, and some remarkable plumagedPetrel (12.mollis)- a first far-inland winter record of Moore, JeremyNance, Monica pelagicbirds were found, includ- almostcertainly the j•ae race-- Boat-tailed Grackle for South Nees, Perry Nugent, Mark Ing two speciesseen on just a wasone seen by 25 birdersout of Carolina was a female at Santee Oberle (MaO), Michael handful of occasions in North OregonInlet May 25 overthe N WR. Dec. 29 (fideDF). An O'Brien, John Paget, T.K. America. Even those birders that 1000-fathomcontour (MT, HL, ad c3'Orchard Oriole was pre- Patterson, Brian Patteson, watchedfrom shoreat Cape RD, TH et al.). Previoussight- sumablycorrectly identified at DonaldPerry, Jesse Perry (JPe), Hatterasand Cape Lookout, and ingsare one off GeorgiaNov. 9, Manteo,NC, Dec. 29 (DP), for Taylor Piephoff,Paul Raney, thosetaking pelagic trips due 1984by ChrisHaney, plus one avery rare winter record. Barbara Roth (BRo), Bob southof BeaufortInlet, normally off North Carolinaby Lee(AB The winter finch story is Russell,Paul Saraceni (PSa), Bob ratherbird-deficient waters, were 38:146)June 3, 1981;because a startingto soundlike a broken Sargent,Georgann Schmalz, rewardedwith prized pelagic specimenorphoto is lacking, the record.Purple Finches seem to Don Seriff, RamonaSnavely, birds. speciesis not yet on the begetting fewer each winter and Mark Spinks,Tonya Spires, AmericanOrnithologists' Union areprobably being displaced by MaryStevens (MSt), Paul Sykes, Abbreviatioas: C.R.N.R.A. list of official North American HouseFinches (certainly at feed- SimonThompson, Mike Tove, (ChattahoocheeRiver National birds.Although it is doubtful ers). The latter continues to Gray & HarrisonTuttle, Peter RecreationArea, GA). that thesespecies will everbe increaseso muchthat spaceis Vankevich, Heathy Walker, foundin triple-digitnumbers a not warranted to detail notable Anne Waters, Vernon Waters, LOONS TO la Murphy'sPetrel and Cook's records. Surprisingly, Red Haven Wiley (HWi), Ken CORMORANTS Petrelin thedeep water zone off Crossbillswere reported: eight Wilkins, Marianna Wilson, Rare and somewhat late inland California,it certainlypoints werefound at JordanL. Dec. 16 Peter Worthington, David was a Red-throated Loon at L. out that the deepwater (1000+ (BRoparty), and 12 were found Wright, John Wright, Paula Spiveynear Atlanta, GA, Apr. 13 fathoms) zone off North at the exactspot Dec. 30 (JK, Wright(PWr), Peter Yaukey.-- (PB). Observersin n. Georgia Carolinahas the potentialto TKr, fide SH). Therewere no HARRY E. LeGRAND, JR., witnessed a fallout of Corn. produce notable Pterodroma sightings,acceptable or other- N.C. Natural Heritage Loons onto lakes in that area records.Needless to say,more wise, of redpolls, Pine Program,E O. Box 27687, Apr. 13-14. A remarkable205 timewill be spentin thefuture Grosbeaks,or White-winged Raleigh,NC 27611. were counted Apr. 13 at over 1000-2000 fathom waters! Crossbills. Pine Siskins were Sweetwater Creek S.P. (PR), Othernotable reports includ- generallyuncommon, with most 100+ wereat L. LanierApr. 14 ed singlerare and late Manx birdersseeing a few, but with no (PM, TM), and 57 were at L. Shearwaters from shore near counts of more than a few dozen Splvey Apr 13 (PB) Late Cape HatterasMay 21 (RA

Volume 45, Number 3. a,• party)and off thatcape the next Fayetteville,NC (PJC, DC). Ospreys.An Ospreynest at L. plowedfield near Hopkins, SC, day(RA party). A Band-rumped Seldomreported in spring,a Oconee,GA, Mar. 21 (BB,GW) May4-5 (BW,LG, KC). A good Storm-Petrelwas early and local- RoseateSpoonbill was very early provideda veryrare Piedmont ifiland countof Semipalmated ly rareoff BeaufortInlet, NC, at the JekyllI., GA, causeway nestingrecord for that state. Ploverwas of 50 at DeKalb Res, May 25 (JW). A tropicbirdof Apr. 20-21 (BB). The large NorthCarolina had 4 reports,all GA, May21 (JS).Peak counts of uncertainidentity was also seen WoodStork colony near Millen, coastal,of overshootingAm. Upland Sandpiper,inland as on that trip. Over 90% of the GA, contained about 500 nests Swallow-tailedKites, about par usualin spring,were 15 near tropicbirdsin Regionalwaters in May (AC,JM); mosthad two for theseason. Bald Eagle sight- Dublin, GA (TKP), and 10 at are White-tailed, but Red-billed youngready to fledge. ingscontinue upward, especially Goldsboro,NC (ED). The only has been documented on a hand- in Georgiaand North Carolina, inland Sanderling was at ful of occasions.Lest we forget WATERFOWL wherenesting pairs still are in Winston-Salem,NC, May theother 2 states,a record-early Distressingnews from Georgia singledigits. Thompson's Apr. 21-23 (RSetal.). A reportof five Cory'sShearwater for Georgia was that a banded Black-bellied 15hawk flight at Tryon included W Sandpipersin the Atlanta area was a few miles off Savannah Whisthng-Duckin the n. partof 340 Broad-wingeds,along with May 21 likely pertainedto Apr.21 (TM etal.). the state was tracked to a water- two N. Harriers,three Sharp- Semipalmateds,asWesterns are The only reportsof Am. fowl breederin s. Georgiawho shinnedHawks, two Cooper's veryrare inland in springand are WhitePelican were of threeApr. hasbeen releasing the species for Hawks, two Merlins, and five earlymigrants. A Westernalong 27 near Brunswick, GA (AA, yearsto try to establisha wild Am. Kestrels.A GoldenEagle the coast,in breedingplumage, MK) and two at Bear Island population.The specieshas been alongthe Blue Ridge near Jones wasvery late May 22 at EagleI, W.M.A.,SC, May 16 (LG etal.). reportedfrom all 3 statesin the GapS.P., SC, Apr. 27 (PW) was NC (SC), and a bandedWestern Up to sixGreat Cormorants were Region, but fortunatelythe the solereport. In additionto waslate May 16 at BearI., SC seenthis seasonat N. Topsail records committees have this thoseat Tryon,the only other (LG). Inland White-rumped Beach,NC (GG), and two were duck listedas hypotheticalor inlandMerlins were found Apr. Sandpiperswere found May stillat CapeLookout, NC, May provisional,asa possibleor prob- 11 at Gainesville,GA (GV) and 11-25 at 4 sites,the best total 25 (JF).Both e. cormorant species able escapedspecies. Always Apr. 27 (two birds) near beingfour at Winston-Salem are increasing,and excellent notablein Georgia,a Tundra Conyers,GA (PR). A pair of May 21 (RS, ToM). The 3rd inland counts of Double-crested Swan was seen Mar. 10-11 at PeregrineFalcons was present for spring Baird'sSandpiper for wereof 156in Clayton,GA, Apr. JekyllI. (CP,PS eta/.); one May the 2nd yearat ChimneyRock Georgiawas an immaculately 13 (PB)and 125 in l•yne, NC, 25-26 at BodieI., NC (RM etal.) Park,NC, but apparentlydid describedand photographed bird Apr.4 (ED).The species contin- musthave been sick or injured.A not nestin 1991 (ST). at ClaytonApr.14-15 (GB, PR et uesto nestat L. Ellis Simon, NC, SnowGoose flying over Chimney A Ruffed Grouse heard a/.,ph. GB). I havebeen reluctant where about 15 nestswere count- RockPark, NC, Mar. 23 (ST) was drummingin DawsonForest, toaccept reports of this species in edApr. 24 (JF,BH). quitea surprise. GA, Apr. 21 (JP,JC) waspre- springin theRegion, and North A Green-wingedTeal May sumablyat the s. limit of the Carolina has no well-document- WADERS 27-31 and later at Goldsboro, range,which barely enters this ed springrecord; however, th•s A LeastBittern nest with 5 eggs NC (ED), wassurprisingly late, Region.Georgians, looking for a reportseems beyond reproach was a goodfind near Macon, as were one to two N. Pintails in reliablespot for BlackRail in Inland Dunlins were encoun- GA, May 5 (TI, CP). Evenmore Clayton,GA, throughthe end of their state, struck gold this tered near Dublin, Goldsboro, notablewas the findingof at May (JS)and an Am. Wigcon spring.One was heard calling in and Jordan L.; unlike most least 4 nestsof Great Blue Heron nearGreensboro, NC, May 29 a marshin n. Greene,Apr. 27 by shorebirds,this species can occur in a largearea of beaverponds in (HH). A Eur.Wigcon Mar. 12 at Sykes,Yaukey, and party in their inland from March to May w. Cabarrus,NC, this spring an impoundmentnear Davis, Big Day effort.Over the next Curlew Sandpiperreports, as (KK); thisis apparentlythe first NC (PSa),was presumably the month,many birders visited the usual, were limited to the North nesting in the Piedmont sameone reported at this site over marsh,with one hearingtwo Carolina Outer Banks;one was province of this Region. thepast few years. A Ring-neckedbirds there. There appear to be at OregonInlet May 18 (JF) and Certainly not nestingin the Duck throughMay at Clayton, no previousinland records for two wereat North Pondat PeaI, Piedmont,although notable in GA (PBet at), washardly unex- breeding(or possible' breeding) May 26 (RD, MT et al.). An springin thisprovince, were six pected,as the species lingers into byBlack Rail in thatstate. In this excellentspring tally of 200 Stilt Great Egretsat C.R.N.R.A., summer somewhere in the samemarsh, King Rail, Virginia Sandpiperswas made at the spoil Apr.27 (A.A.S.)and three others Regioneach year. Considering Rail, and Sora were also found areain s.Jasper, SC, May 4 (LG, Apr. 14 in nearby Clayton themild winter and warm spring, this season,a rare instance of KC,JB). The onlyinland report (A.A.S.). Far inland Snowy aHarlequin Duck on the late date fourrail species in a singlemarsh of Stilt Sandpipercame from Egretswere found only in North of Apr. 13 at HuntingtonBeach inland(fide PY). Goodinland n.e. Laurens, GA, with seven Carolina,highlighted by five S.P.,SC (HLi, EL) wasa realsur- rail counts were of eight Apr. 6 and one until Apr. 14 nearZebulon Apr. 19 (RD). A prise.Seldom reported in Ma35 Virginiasin the abovemarsh (TKP).Exceptionally late was a TricoloredHeron May 5 in exceptwhere breeding, was a pre- Apr. 27 (PS et al.) and nine Long-billedDowitcher seen and Clayton,GA (PR,TMi etal.)was sumablylate migrantHooded Soras,along with fiveVirginia heardnear Wilmington, NC, an excellent inland find in Merganserat JekyllI. May 15 Rails, flushednear Macon, GA, May 27 (RD). The birding spring.Other heronsof note (GB). Apr. 7 (TI). ACom. Moorhen hotspotin n. Greene,GA, pro- wereearly Green-backed Herons Mar. 24 at Norcross,GA (JFe) duced an excellent 140 Com Mar. 17 at 2 sitesnearAtlanta (D HAWKS TO CRANES wasrare for the Atlanta area,and SnipesMar. 9, with four still pre- & PMcC,HG), migrantBlack- A trulyunique record, reported the SandhillCrane present this sentMay 11 (PS,PY). crownedNight-Herons at Raven by a sailplanepilot, wasof at winter at Lockwood Plantation, It was a big seasonfor RockS.P., NC, Apr. 13 & 27 least3 dozenmigrating Ospreys Berkeley,SC, waslast reported phalaropes.Single Wilson's, very (PH) and in Sykes'syard in between Spartanburg and Mar. 16 (TK). rarein theRegion in spring,were Watkinsville,GA, Mar. 15, and a Chester,SC, Apr. 17 at 7000feet foundat wastetreatment ponds Yellow-crownedNight-Heron n. elevation(fide BHi)! Thompson SHOREBIRDS atWinston-Salem May 18 (DD) ofLillington,NC, Apr.27 (PH, noteda veryheavy diurnal bird One of our rarest spring and GoldsboroMay 27 (ED) MP). A GlossyIbis was rare and migrationat Tryon, NC, Apr. migrants,Lesser Golden-Plover, Inland Red-neckedPhalaropes, early Mar 30 •nland near 15, with a goodcount of 35 wasencountered .lust once--in a good finds at any season,

AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 •nvolved Nrds at W•nston- Glaucous Gull, about as rare photographed•nthe Region prior s•mplya malebmld•ng dummy SalemMay 19-23 (DDe, AN et thereas Iceland Gull, lingered at to thisspring. Wonder no more, nests,was reported from Sumter, al), with an excellentsix there JekyllI. at leastto May 10 (PS)! as McNeillphotographed one, SC. The male built 3 nests in a May 21 (RS, TOM);singles at Other Glaucous,all immatures, theonly report for theseason, at bluebirdbox in April, but a.mate GoldsboroMay 16 & 27 (ED); were two about 40 mi off Greensboroonthe surprising date wasnever seen (LG, EDa, SM) and one at Clayton,CA, May BeaufortInlet, NC, Mar. 16 OF, of May 31 (HLi, HH, RM). One also wonders if a nest of 26-27 (A.A.S.),just the 2nd for HL, JW) andone at theCedar I. Although Willow Flycatcher Marsh Wren near Macon, CA, theAtlanta area. The species was ferryterminal May 4 OF). breeds in the North Carolina May 19 (TI), with no youngor foundoften onshore along the AlthoughRoseate Terns must mountains lessthan 10 mi from eggs, was a dummy nest North Carolina coast May migrate to their breeding the South Carolinaborder,•until Althoughthis speciesbreeds 19-24, the bettertotals being groundsin New Yorkand New thisspring the specieshad not inlandin manyparts of thecon- sevenat EagleI. May 20 (SC, Englandvia an offshore route (as beenfound conclusively onterri- tinent,all breedingrecords for GM) and five at HatterasInlet theysimply aren't seen onshore), toryin the latterstate. On May thisRegion are from tidal marsh- May 19 OF). This speciesand theyare practically never seen on 14,Thompson found two singing es. A White-eyed Vireo at Red Phalaropewere found, as pelagictrips. Davis was fortu- malesalong the Pacolet R. near CommerceL., CA, Mar. 9 (JP) expected,on North Carolina nateto studyone offMorehead Landrum, in the upper wasso early that it mighthave pelagic trips; notable Red City May 11; anotherwas at Piedmont,and additional reports overwintered. There were reportswere a respectabletotal CapeHatteras May 10-12 (SL, were made into the summer. Birds reportsof Solitary Vireos, appar- of 75 off BeaufortInlet Apr. 12 N & PaM). This wasa memo- returned to Greene, CA, this entlyon breeding grounds, from OF,BH), three(one in breeding rable season for Arctic Tern spring(PY), and Lynch found sev- 2 areasof Gwinnett,GA (JV, plumage)off BeaufortInlet on along and off the North eralin CaldwellNC, alongNC JH), andone singing May 30 in the latedate of May 11 (RD), Carolina coast, with the best 268in mid-Maythat appeared to s.c.Lancaster, SC (LG) wascer- andone very tardy bird in winter flurryof sightingsever. In addi- be on territory.Willows banded tainlynot a migrant.As expect- plumageonshore atEagle I. May tionto themany reports in Table andmeasured at York,SC, May ed, PhiladelphiaVireos were 20-25 (GM, SC). 1, Fussellhad an adult in breed- 13, 1•, & 24 (BHi) werealmost notedonly in the Atlantaarea, ing plumageon the beachat certainlymigrants, but a singing withsightings Apr. 20 andMay JAEGERSTO TERNS CapeLookout May 24, andon birdMay 22 atTryon, NC (ST), 4 & 5 (A.A.S.). S•ngleParasitic Jaegers seen from the followingday a very tired could have been either a local shorein Georgiawere notewor- bird believed in 2nd-year breederor a migrant.A migrant WARBLERS thy:on the beach at Jekyll I. Apr. plumagewas also on the beach at Least Flycatcher,singing in I don't know whether to believe 27 (PS,BD, CP,PY) andflying that cape(JF). There is little Fai•fie• SC,Apr. 30 (TK etal.), it or not,but a detailedreport of betweenJekyll I. and Litde doubtthat the strongonshore wasa good find, but no one found Bachman} Warbler was received CumberlandI. May 4 (AA,BB, windsMay 18-22 blewArctics Yellow-belliedFlycatcher. Despite A male wasseen, but not heard, HG, TM). Long-tailedJaegers closer to shore than usual. The havingmany trees in theirterrito- in the traditional (former?) werewidely reported in North speciesis generallya rare off- ry cut down, a pair of Gray breedingarea in FrancisMarion Carolinawaters; as expected, shoremigrant, difficult to pick Kingbirds,perhaps the only N.E, SC, alongI'On Swamp some were seen from shore at out among the much more breedingpair in the Region, set up Road,Mar. 25 (W & JD). The CapeHatteras, one of the few numerous Common Terns. A home again at the Jekyll I. description,location, and date placeson the Atlantic Coast Least Tern Mar. 5 was ridicu- ConventionCenter this spring areall fine anddandy, but the where a birder has a fair chance louslyearly at BearI., SC (LG), (m.ob.). observers,from out of state,were of seeingone without taking a and two were notable inland in obviouslysearching for the pelagictrip. SouthPolar Skuas n.e.Pitt, NC, May4 (JW).A few LARKS TO VIREOS speciesand thuscould not be wereseen only on pelagictrips SootyTerns were in theHatteras A Horned Lark at the Dublin, completelyobjective. The bird- off North Carolina1), with the Inlet-CapeHatteras area in May CA, airportMar. 16 (TKP) was ingworld is stilllooking for a countof fouron the May 25 trip OF, MaL), but no nestingevi- notable,and it appearedthe bird report that is confirmedby off OregonInlet beingquite dence was found. mightbe a localbreeder, as it was numerous observersover a sever- •mpressive. presentlater in the season. al-day period. A Tennessee Laughing Gulls appeared CUCKOOS TO FLYCATCHERS Recordearly for Georgiawere Warblerwas very early Apr. 12 at roland at Jordan L. and Black-billed Cuckoo, now one twoN:=Rough-winged Swallows Tryon,NC (ST).One of thefew Goldsboro in North Carolina of ourrarest migrant species, was Mar. 1 at Sweetwater Creek S.P. warblersthat appearsto be and Augusta, Laurens,and detectedonly at WadmalawI., (D & PMcC) and a Barn increasingis the Orange- Claytonin Georgia.Little Gulls SC,Apr. 28 (DB) andat nearby Swallow Mar. 9 at Commerce L. crowned.Wintering numbers, at were nowhere to be found this CharlestonMay 1 (TK, RC). (JP). Fish Crows continue to leastin coastalNorth Carolina, w•nteror spring,the first time in Rarelyseen in c. Georgiawas a spreadinland and are now seem to be on the rise, and perhapsa decade the species has Short- cared Owl in Laurens, "becomingrather commonplace Atlanta area birders found the avoided detection. The winter- Mar. 16 (TKP). Sadto say,a aroundarea lakes and parks" speciesin surprisingabundance •ngCorn. Black-headed Gull at goodpercentage of the N. Saw- (TM) in theAtlanta vicinity. A A countof 20 onApr. 13 along MoreheadCity, NC, remained whetOwl records for the Region pairat Moss L. nearShelby, NC, the Chattahoochee R. near that to Apr. 16 (JF). A first-winter are of road-killed birds. The Apr. 22 (ST) might havefur- city (A.A.S.)was remarkable Iceland Gull, about the 6th for Saw-whetthis springwas an nished the innermost record for Notablealso for Georgia were an Georgia,was studied at JekyllI. immature that flew into a truck that state. Common Ravens early Chestnut-sidedWarbler Mar. 10 (PS, CP,TI, JA). That and was killed in s.c. Durham, nested in a quarry in Apr. 13 near Stone Mountain state'stally of LesserBlack- NC, in earlyMarch (fide SH). Rockingham,NC, in 1989,and (PB)and a tardyYellow-rumped backed Gull recordscontinues to Two Chuck-will's-widows call- thisseason a pair nested success- WarblerMay 27 in Clayton •ncrease,with two at JekyllI. ingApr. 25 throughMay in the fully in a quarryin n. Forsyth, (PB,BDr,AM). The Black- Apr. 27 (PS et al.) and one at s.c. corner-of Guil•ra• NC NC, just s.w. of Rockinghamthroated Gray Warbler that SapeloI. Mar. 9-10 (BDr, PR, (RM), were•nearthe inner edge (RS, ToM); quarrynesting is a wintered at Isle of Palms,SC, GR). AnotherLesser was late at ofthe breeding range. newphenomenon in the Region. remainedthrough Mar. 16 (TK, OnslowBeach, NC, May 14 One must-wonder if Olive- An out of range"breeding" RC). A singing Cerulean OF) Georgia's wintering sidedFlycatcher had everbeen recordfor HouseWren, perhaps Warblernear Fayetteville, NC,

Volume45, Number 3' 435 Apr. 16 (PJC,JHu) wasa rare somewhatregular locale, and 30 firewhile conducting a noctur- migrantthat far to the east,as Brewer'swere notable at Augusta FLORIDAREGION nal bird censusnear Lake City. was a • CeruleanApr. 27 at Mar.7 (AW,VW). RedCrossbill H.P.Langridge The latestprognosis is thatpar- Augusta(AW, VW). Glover apparentlyhas not been condu- tial useof thearm is expected. had several Black-and-white sirely recordedbreeding in Flycatchersgrabbed the WarblersMay 31 on territory Georgia,though it doesoccur headlines,with an Olive-sided,a n.e. of Kershaw,SC, alongthe sporadicallyin summerin the The unusuallywarm winter in La Sagrœs,a probableAsh- edgeof the spedes'breeding mountains.Strongly suggestive south Florida influenced seldom throated,and a Variegated.The range.A •(•6rm-eatingWarbler of breedingwas a pairwith two reportedspecies to winter in strangeoccurrence of Wilson's wasearly Apr. 7 in e. Pitt, NC fledglingsvisiting a feedernear unprecedentednumbers; many and Leach'sstorm-petrels feed- (JW). Hikon banded single CedartownMay 10-31 (JS, tarriedinto March and April. ing along northeastFlorida Connecticut Warblers near BDr, L & AH). Crossbillshave Exceptfor disturbed weather on beacheswas a lifetimeopportu- York,SC, May 13, 14,& 24, the beenpractically absent in the April20, whichcreated modest nity for observerswho dislike lastbeing a recordlate date for Region,even in mid-winter,the fall-outs in south Florida and an ridingon boats, but some of the the state. The only other past15 years.Pine Siskins and impressiveone on the Dry petrelswere later found dead. Connecticutreported was near Evening Grosbeaks,rare to Tortugasand St. GeorgeIsland AtlantaMay 11 (A.A.S.). uncommonthis spring, did not on April 21, clear,sunny skies Abbreviations:A.B.S. (Archbold stagea springbuild-up, nor were and hot weather the rest of the BiologicalStation, Highlands TANAGERSTO anystragglers reported. springperiod until mid-May Co.), B.G.M. (Belle Glade CARDUELINE FINCHES keptmost migrants moving mer- Marina, Palm BeachCo.), C.E Alongthe s.e. edge of thebreed- Obse•ers: RobertAke, Jerry rilynorthward. (Bill BaggsCape Florida State ing rangewas a pairof Scarlet Amerson, Anselm Arkins, Lake Okeechobee, a main RecreationArea, Dade Co.),D.T. Tanagersnear Mayesville, SC, AtlantaAudubon Society, Dana reservoirfor southFlorida, was8 (Dry •rtugas), E.N.E (Ever- Apr.30 (LG,CM). Alsoon that Beach,Gift Beaton,Jim Beatty, inchesbelow normal May 20. gladesNatl Park),EO.S.R.C. date and near the same town, Bill Blakeslee, Patrick Brisse, But the followingweek, record (Florida OrnithologicalSociety Gloversaw a • PaintedBunting, Norm Budnitz, Kevin Calhoon, rains and back pumpinginto RecordsCommittee), S.G.I. (St. possiblya rare local breeder. The JackCamsos, Doris Chambers, waterstorage areas lifted Lake GeorgeL, FranklinCo.). Place only Dickcisselswere apparent Roger Clark, Sam Cooper, Okeechobee and the entire water names in italics are counties. migrants--singlesMay 3 at Arthur Crowe,P.J. Crutchfield, storagesystem to almostnormal BodieI. (WS) and May 4 in e. Evelyn Dabbs (EDa), Ricky levels.These heavy rains helped LOONS TO Halij•x, NC (RD). A Lark Davis,Eric Dean, Doug DeNeve easethe 3-yeardrought even CORMORANTS Sparrowwas a good find at (DDe), David Disher, Bruce beforethe summerrainy season, On Apr.23 0PK), a heavyrain Whalebone Beach, Currituck, Dralle (BDr), Wallace& Jeanne but they createdtemporarily confounded 36 Com. Loons NC, Apr.4 (KKi);but much bet- Dreyfoos,Barny Dunning, Jim poor feeding conditionsfor thatmistook Lake City Airport, ter wasa breeding-plumaged(3 Feeley(JFe), John Fusscll, Hugh waders,resulting in anextensivc Columbia,for a pond. Game Lark Buntingnot far awayat Garrett, Lex Glover, Gilbert wader movement northward personnelcaptured the loons SouthernShores May 21 (AV)-- Grant,Paul Hart, ScottHartle)5 anddesertion of a rookery. with nets and by hand and the3rd spring record, and about Herb Hendrickson,Larry & On the eveningof May 31, releasedthcm at a nearbylake. the 6th state record, for North AnnetteHenson, Bill Hilton Jr. WesBiggs, state coordinator for Theonly apparent injuries to the Carolina.A SavannahSparrow (BHi), JoelHitt, Bob Holmes, theFlorida Breeding Bird Atlas, loonswere bloody feet from lingeredto May 19 in Clayton, JarvisHudson (JHu), Ty Ivey, washit in theleft forearm by rifle "flopping"on the asphalt. GA (A.A.S.). A singing Tim Kalbach, Margaret HenslowsSparrow near Aurora, Kavanaugh,Kerrie Kirkpatrick NC, Apr.16 (SC), not found in (KKi), Ken Knight, Sterling May,was considered a probable Lacy,Harry LeGrand, Elizabeth migrant,whereas one singing Link,Henry Link (HLi), Merrill alongNC 211 in s. Brunswick,Lynch, Marcia Lyons(MaL), NC, May 27 (RD) waslikely a SmittyMallard, John Manning, breeder.The speciesis known Chris Marsh, Greg Massey, from other sites in the latter Dennie& PamMcClure, Roger countyin summer.Infrequent in McNeill, Terry Miller (TMi), spring,Le Conte'sSparrow was Neal & Pat Moore (N & PaM), found in n. Greene,GA, Mar. 9, PeggyMoore, Terry Moore, Tom 16,& 30 (PSetal.), perhaps rep- Mowbray (TOM), Adrienne resentingjust one bird. An ad. Myles,Anne Newsome,John White-crownedSparrow at a Paget,Nick PantelidisJr., T.K. feederat JamesI., Mar. 11 (LG) Patterson,Carl Perry, Mike wasgood for the South Carolina Peters,Paul Raney, Gall Russell, coast.Probably the best-studied Paul Saraceni (PSa), Jeff Sewell, Harris' Sparrowever in the Ramona Snavely, William Region was a breeding- Standaert,Paul Sykes,Simon plumagedbird in n.e.Durham, Thompson,Mike Tove, Alan NC, Apr.21 to earlyMay (NB, Valpey,Greg Valpey, Joel Volpi, m.ob.). This wasabout the 5th Anne Waters, Vernon Waters, staterecord; all 7 membersof the GeneWenger, Bob Wood, Peter N.C. Bird Records Committee Worthington,John Wright, managedtoview this individual. Peter Yauke)•I-IARRY E. Two c• Brewer'sBlackbirds at LeGRAND, JR., N.C. Natural Goat l., Santee N.W.R., SC, Heritage Program,P.O. Box Mar. 10 (TK, RC etal.)wereata 27687,Raleigh, NC 27611.

436- American Birds,Fall 1991 HERONSTO ! TURKEYTO Ternswith eggs was fewer than Sd•. HAWKS [ TERNS the500 last year, but 3 pairs of Atthe end ofMay along the n.e. After2-3 years of lowwater, Despite rampant development Bridled Terns there was an coastofFlorida, many storm- heavy local rains Mar. 3 createdin Palm Beach, 13Wild Turkeys increase over last year. A few petrelswere strangely feeding poor feeding conditions that! visitedasolar feeder near anatu- Roseares were nesting on a annearunusual thesurfamong amount bathersofsargasso over droveE.N.P. 50,000(JCO). wadersTwo n.Reddish out of! ralareaw.et aL). On ofJupiterMar.Apr. 28 (NOXYO 13(EBin rooftop(MR, PC). atTwoMarathon Black MayNoddies 31 weed.AtFlagler Beach, Flagler, Egrets infull alternate plumage Dixie, 20 Black Rails called on onBush Key, D.T., missed last therewas one Wilson's May24 atHagen's Cove, •ylor, May 5 territory,for a goodshow. year despite diligent searching, (LMB,PEP); at Ft. Clinch S,P., (NO•0ff)may suggest a north- Florida'sfirst record of a bird delightedover 300 observers Nassau,twoWilson's May 27 wardextension oftheir breeding identified asa Lesser Sandhill Apr. 19-22 (GL, m.ob.), with (BSR,HMT), 20 Leachs'' M ay range.A nesting colony of 8000 Crane occurredat Payhe'sone staying at leastto May9 25(HJB), three Leach's May27 pairsof %Vhite Ibises near the Prairie,Alachua, Mar. 7-18 (HPL,BHo). (JHH,BPM); and at Anastasia Broward/Palm Beach border (SAN; details toFlorida Field StateRecreationArea, St.John}, completely vanished a week Naturalist). PIGEONSTO eightLeach's May 25 0ES•PCP) later,Apr. 9 (.JCO),because local An Am. Oystercatcher,very WAXWINGS andfou•(AL,BLCK)andejght heavyrainsresultedinpoorfeed- . rareon the Keys, was on Big Pine Not too surprising, a White- ing conditions.An imm. Key May 16 (SF). Two Black- crownedPigeon overshot and addition•(BDN;DAE) !2 deadLeach's Leach'sMa, y,26.were In RoseateSpoonbill, occasional in necked Stilts Mar. 24 (NOW) in reachedHypoluxo I., Palm picked up ßon beachesat Alachuain summer,was seen s. Leonwere the earliest ever there Beach,Apr. 6 (HPL,GSH). Fifty •mastasia•!•:FlOrid& Ba•May of GainesvilleMay2 (MTT, anony the 3rd sprin sightin. %Vhite-winged Doves18mi w. F1(ph. -*AS, SS), a Leadh'sDGW). Thegood number of25 Spotted ofLake Park, Palm Beach, near Storm-Petrelwaspursued by FifteenSnow Geese in Sandpiperswerecounted ati orangegroves May 25, was a .b•abPhotographed•andstudi•d, MarianMar. 10BWetal.)were George's L.,Putnam, May 20 remarkablenumber this far care•y.: unusualsofar south. OnApr. 23 (LNM).The phosphate mines north (BHH). Only 2sightings (JEC),100 N. Shovelersmade a in Polkproduced excellent num- of Black-billedCuckoos were verygood number this late at St. bersofshorebirds again this year: reported:one at Ft. DeSotoApr. MarksN.W.R., Leon. The phos- 12,500 peeps, mostly Least 28 (PSW)and one at D.T. Apr. Althoughthere are summer phatemines produced a • Surf SandpipersMar. 23, 1500Stilt 27 (HWK etal.). Forthis year, sightingsat St. MarksN.W.R., ScoterMay 12 (ph. PJF),the SandpipersMay 4, and 2100 35 Yellow-billedCuckoos was a Leon,May 31 (Re)wasvery late 2nd for Polk,and the excellent Short-billedDowitchers Apr. 6 goodnumber on D.T. Apr. 20 fora Com.Loon there. numberof 5300Ruddy Ducks. (PJF). (GL, m.ob.).Mangrove Cuckoo During a boobysearch of A flockof 16 Am. Swallow- EightyCaspian Terns resting hasnot beenconfirmed yet as channeland boundary markers tailedKites at E.N.P.on the late nearBelle Glade Apr. 6-9 (BHH breedingin Pinellasfor the Bird by boatat D.T., Apr.24 (BH, dateof May 9 (PS)was puzzling, etal.) was a remarkablenumber BreedingAtlas, but oneat Ft. CWB, HPL, m.ob.),observers since they should have been on for Palm Beach.Very seldom DeSotoPark Apr. 27 (ASW, hadsplendid flying views of the breeding territories. Black- seenon D.T. in spring,two PSW) and one near St. seldomreported Band-rumped shoulderedKites apparently are Caspiansperched on thes. coal PetersburgMay 25 (RWS)kin- Storm-Petrel.For the 3rd con- stilldoing well in s. Florida, with diedoptimism. secutiveyear on Hospital Key at a pair producingtwo fledged At EcoPond in E.N.P.,the D.T., twoMasked Booby chicks youngand one downy chick in winteringGroove-billed Ani was fledgedthis spring (ME), but 2 DadeMay25 (PWS,SAS), and a last reportedApr. 28 (AMC) nestswith eggs on a lowerlevel nestin n.w. BrowardApr. 28 .• with two Smooth-billedAnis. washedaway. The rareRed- (BHH,JH). A juv.Bald Eagle . . Twospecies ofowls occurred on looted Booby perchedon a tarriedMay 3-12 (WBR etal.), i • D.T.: BurrowingOwl, rare mangrovelimb on BushKey, forthefirstsightingeverforD.T.c : there,Apr. 19-May 1 (GL, D.T., Mar. 19 (PS, GFW) for Thisspring, the 2-day aerial sur- _ , m.ob.),andShort-earedOwl, an theearliest dateeverthere, and veyfor Short-tailed Hawksby•x, f•.•_..•_ occasionalvisitor,Apr.25-30 on23 a(RS).D.T. Three boundaryBrown markerPelicans, Apr. WatertheFlorida Fish Commission GameandinFresb cen- ' ' • 'i: '•,_• Mar.(HPL, 9 (FJ,m.ob.).DE) A wasBurrowing also seen on Alachua,for theflew 4thover occurrence Newnan's L.in singletrals. bird Florida(MR). produced Two atonlyGreen a -•a • •"*Q•L'•-• A.B.S.DogI., Mar. Franklin,10 (AJB), where 23rare.singing At Apr.29(IJK) and five were over Swamp, Polk,Mar. 2(PJF) and • 5•< Whip-poor-willsmusthave A.B.S.,Highlands,Apr.14(JG). onethere May 6 (CLG)indicat- =. • • beena stirringexperience. A Thisspecies isnow seen more edpossible nesting. Atthe very e. % ' . • continuingsoutherly expansion regularlyinland. At the phos- edgeof its range,a Crested •,,k •.... of ChimneySwifts was evident, phatemines, Polk, Mar. 23 Caracarawasspotted from the BlackNedfly {Io,,r hinll •it# withsix in Homestead May11 (PJF),4650 Double-crestedMiami Canal, Palm Beach, Mar. Bre,nNmMyon B,,sh K•, D• (JCO).A hummingbirdiden- Cormorantsproduced the high- 9 (JB,ER), only the 4th county ?ort,,g•,Florida% ia•pril 1•$1. titledas a 9 CubanEmerald, estcountever there. sighting. Photograpb/KevinT.Karlson. about the 13th sightingin Floridaand the U.S., was report- dockbeside Royal Terns Apr. 26 ed fromMahogany Hammock, (CH etaL). Three Royals were a E.N.P.,May 4-7 (gCWB,9MA, •: surpriseinland atA.B.S. Apr. 2 •LSA, et al.; detailsto --• (AJB).An ArcticTern, always a EO.S.R.C.),but still no speci- goodfind in Florida,was pho- men or photographexists for •.• tographedon IslamoradaKey thisspecies in theUnited States. AdultMasked Boobies onHospital Key,D•Tortugas, Flofida, lnApril May13 (ph. WH). On Pelican Duringdisturbed weather 1991.The species nested successfully hereagain this season. Shoals,Monroe, May 30 (MR, nearthe coast, an Olive-sided Photograph/KevinT.Karlson. PC),a flockof 250-270 Roseate Flycatcher,veryseldom seen in s.

Volume 45, Number 3.437 Florida, was found e. of 14-May 11 (CP,BE, LM, KM, excellent numbers of 26 Worm- 14on D.T. Apr.23 (BH etal.).A Homestead;it wasstudied for 15 etal.; LSA,tape to EO.S.R.C.); eating Warblel• and 50 c• HouseFinch, possiblyan minutesApr. 20 (BH, EH, HPL, oneseen singing at HypoluxoI., Ovenbirds(BHH) were count- escapee,visited a feederin W. VV, EHR).A verygood count of PalmBeach, May 11 (•DC); and ed; and at D.T., 50 Ovenbirds, PalmBeach May 28 (JN). 12 Least Flycatcherscalled oneon KeyLargo, Monroe, May over 100 N. Waterthrushes,and besidethe Miami Canal, Palm 25 ($PWS, SAS, et al.). In 75 Com. Yellowthroats (GL, EXOTICS Beach,Mar. 31 (BHH). A La Tallahassee, 29 dead Cedar m.ob.) swarmedover Garden Black-hooded Parakeets seem to Sagra'sFlycatcher, the 7th sight- Waxwingswere found Mar. 27 Ke)• be thrivingin s. Miami and ing in the U.S., broughthun- (DCB). Strongwinds blowing A c• black-backedStripe- Coquina Key, Pinellas(PWS, dredsof observerswith varying the birds into the side of a build- headedTanager from the s. RTP). successto IslamoradaApr. 7-21 ingwas the possible cause. Bahamas thrilled observers at (PWS,SAS, JCS etal.; accepted C.E Apr.1-6 (JCS,m.ob.). The Contributors:(Subregional edi- byEO.S.R.C.). Observers stud- ¾1REO$1'0 unprecedentednumber of 11 torsin boldface)Lyn Atherton, ied and photographeda small FINC#E$ winteringBlue Grosbeaks in a Mike Austin, JocelynBaker, Myiarchuson D.T. Apr.20 that Another Thick-billed Vireo, the singleflock persisted at B.G.M. Alfredo Begazo,Hal Belcher, wasconsidered a probable Ash- 8th U.S. sightingand the 3rd throughMar. 31 (HPL, GSH), Wes Biggs, Richard Bowen throatedFlycatcher (RM, ph. photographed,was spotted on with threeApr. 7 (HPL, WB). (RBo), ElwoodBracey, Robert $GL, $BZ et al.; details to Two c• Lazuli Buntings, Bradbury,Linda Bremer,Al EO.S.R.C.). Flofida's2nd and3rd sightings, Brown,D. Bryan,Pete Calla, Accolades to Robert visited feeders;one at Alachua Dan Canterbury(DCa), James Bradburyfor discovering,pho- Mar. 25-26 ($RDW; detailsto E. Cavanagh,Ron 'Christen, tographing,and taking detailed F.O.S.R.C.), and one at Ponte Dan Cimbaro, Clifford Cole, noteson a Variegated Flycatcher Vedra Beach, St. Johns,Mar. Mort Cooper,Jim Cox, William that rested for 4 hours on 20-21 ($CHC; details to Drummond, Doug Emkalns, GardenKey, D.T., Mar. 15 (• F.O.S.R.C.). A wintering Monica Eng, BernieEnglish, ph. RB,MF, AB;ph. to Florida Dickcissel at B.G.M. was still Duncan Evered,Mat Fagan, Museum of Natural History, thereApr. 5 (HPR); five were Paul Fellers,John Fitzpatrick, acceptedby EO.S.R.C.).This is migratingat D.T. Apr. 20 (GL, Sue Frank, Dot Freeman, Ike the first record for Florida and et al.); oneat CedarKey, Levy, Fromberg,Chuck Geanangel, onlythe 3rd forNorth America. Apr. 28 (DCH); and two at DaveGoodwin, John Grahame, Details were submitted to S.G.I., Franklin,Apr. 23-24 MargaretGreen, Bruce Hallett, Florida Field Naturalist. Thick-billedIF•reo at Islamorada, (JEC,RSW). Chris Haney,Ed Harper,Dale Unusualaway from s. Florida Florida,March 11,1991. A wintering Clay-colored Henderson,John Hintermister, and the Keys, three Scissor- PhotograplVAdda.Wander. Sparrow,unusual in Florida, BuddyHollis (BHo), Wayne tailedFlycatchers were reported: stayedat A.B.S., Highlands, until Hoffman,Brian H. Hope,Joan twoat CedarKey Apr. 9 (DCH) IslamoradaMar. 11-25 ($THK, mid-March(JWF), and another Hope, Larry Hopkins,Gloria & 18 (BPM, MG), andone inw. $CHK, $ ph. AW,WD, et al.; was seenMar. 3 (PT) at Lake Hunter, FrancisJames, Herb BrowardApr. 12 (JB). In s. acceptedby EO.S.R.C.).Only Alfred, Polk. At Lake Ida, Palm Kale, Cecil Kilmer, David Florida,some vagrant western one Black-whiskered Vireo was Beach,seven Lark Sparrows, now Kintzer,Christine Koundakjian, flycatchersusually persevere in foundin the TampaBay area unusualin s. Florida,spent a Ted Koundakjian,Jerry Krum- theirwintering areas well into May 13 (RTP),so the cowbird week Mar. 6-12 (RBo, et al.). mrich, H.P. Langridge,Greg spring.For example,the 1989 presencehas not completely One Lark Sparrow,a rare Lasley,Al Liberman,Barbara Cassin'sKingbird stayed until eliminatedthis spedesin the migrant at Ft. DeSoto Park, Liberman, Fred Lohrer, Lenore Apr. 22 and the 1990 Ash- area. A well-marked Black- strangelystayed 17 days,Apr. McCullagh,Annie McKelvey, throatedFlycatcher until Apr. whiskered, rare this far north, 6-22 (LAH, RDG, m.ob.). Six David Mehlman, Ruthie Mel- 28. This year the wintering overshot to S.G.I., Franklin, Lincoln'sSparrows was a good ton, Kirk Moulton, Lois Couch'sKingbird, the 3rd for Apr. 23 (EC) & 27 (DM, JC, number near the Miami Canal, Moulton, Barbara Muschlitz, Floridaidentified by call, was KN). Two PhiladelphiaVireos PalmBeach, Mar. 31 (BHH). SteveNesbitt, Katy McSmith, lastseen at B.G.M.Apr. 7 (HPL, were seen at Ft. DeSoto Park, Four wintering OrchaM Bruch Neville, Judy Norton, EB). At the phosphatemines, Pinella•.one was very early, Mar. Orioles(even a singlewinterer is John C. Ogden, RichardT. Polk,a Tree Swallow was very late 21-22 (LSA,MSW, et al.; phs. extraordinaryin s.Florida) were Paul,Carolyn Porrino, Peggy C. on May 27 (PJF).For the 4th to Tall Timbers Research last seen at B.G.M. Mar. 31 Powell,E.H. Raymond,Brenda consecutiveyear, the Bahama Station),and one was early, Apr. (HPL, GSH), with onestaying Rhodes, W.B. Robertson, H. Swallow returned to Cutler 5 (LSA, MSW, AHM). untilApr.6 (BHH). Twenty-one Robinson, Mark Robson, Ed Ridge,Dade, Mar. 2-May 31 Exceptfor the fall-outApr. Yellow-headed Blackbirds, Rosenberg,Scott Schwenk, (PWS, SAS,m.ob.) to socialize 20, warblerswere exceptionally unusualin Florida, were count- JeannieSeals, Ray Seng,J.C. withnesting Cave Swallows. scarcethis spring.Part of the ed s. of Bartow, Polk, Mar. 30 Simard, E Wm. Smith, Ron A callingAm. CrowApr. 26 western flavor was a 9 Black- (DCa), to equalthe astounding Smith, Susan A. Smith, H.M. (HMS) wasonly the 2nd record throatedGray Warbler Apr. 24 number of over 20 seen this win- Stevenson,Alan Strong,Paul for S.G.I. Over 300 Gray (HPL, DMK), the first spring ter in Palm Beach.Three still lin- Sykes, Peter Timmer, M.T. Catbirdscrowded D.T. duringa sightingfor D.T. Surprisingly,gered at Twenty-mileBend, Toops,Hugh Tyner,Virginia fall-out there Apr. 20 (GL, the Dry Tortugasagain pro- PalmBeach, Apr. 3 (HPL, RB); Vandemeter,George Wagner, m.ob.).On May 31 (CLG), 27 duced an '5Audubon's" form of three at Lake Harbor, Palm Robert Wallace, Noel Warner, N. Mockingbirdswere in a flock the Yellow-rumpedWarbler Beach,Mar. 31 (HPL, GSH); Adrian Wander, Dan Weeny, in the GreenSwamp, Polk, to Mar.20-21 (PS,GFW). During one at Florida City Apr. 3 Ann Weinrich, Phil Weinrich, revealagain that some members theApr. 20 fall-outat D.T., over (HPR); and two in s. Dade in RichardWest, RalphWidrig, of this speciesmigrate. Three 400 Palm Warblers flushed from late March (PWS). Shiny Margie Wilkinson, Jane B. Bahama Mockingbirds fur- theparade ground like "flocks of Cowbirdsare still migrating into Weltse, Barry Zimmer.•H.P. nished the 12th-14th U.S. longspun"(GL, m.ob.); at Floridabut possiblyin more LANGRIDGE, 1421 W. Ocean sightings:one at C.E, Dade,Apr. SpanishRiver, Palm Beach, the modestnumbers, with a highof Ave., Lantana, FL 33462.

438 -AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 •NATIC•NALAUDUBON -•OCIETY.• FAMILY PORTRAI TS Number Eight

contentto dabblein prairiepuddles or placidstreams. Butthe sea ducks are a breedapart. They take to the OSToceanDUCKSin winter,AREdiving RELATIVEdeep for their LANDLUBBERS,food, far out on theopen bays or amidthe crashing surf along rocky coastlines. Even duringthe worst of winter storms, when gales whip the whitecaps into drivingspray, the seaducks are at homeon the sea.For the nesting season,many of these ducks almost seem to seekout harsh conditions: the northernmostarctic tundra,or the poundingtorrents of rocky rivers.We cango to observethem along the coaston pleasantdays in winter,but thesetough and hardy birds live out muchof their lives underconditions beyond human endurance.

SEA DUCKS l.Common Eider 2.King Eider 3. Harlequin Duck 4. Oldsquaw 5. Surf Scorer Paintingb• JOHN DAWSON

A supplementtoAMERICAN BIRDS, Fall 1991, Volume 45, Number3 In frigidarctic climates, the hen eider protectsher eggs by lining ;:•4.•=•-ß -" ""' ' softesthernest andwith warmestone of the SEADUCKS formsof insulationin theworld: her own down feathers.Mankind discovered the value of eider- downcenturies ago, and "eider farming" has been a majorbus- iness in Icelandfor many years. Wildeiders are encouraged tonest in protectedareas, and down was harvested from 3REEDING RANGE SURF SCOTER theirnests. Wise eider farmers always leave some OLDSQUAW downin eachnest to protect the eggs. COMMONEIDER KINOEIDER The colorsof adultmale ducks apparently evolved mostly to impressfemales HARLEQUINDUCK (andperhaps rival males}.The spectacularpattern of the maleeiders, which takesyears to develop,is clearly useless for camouflage. If he stayednear the nest,he wouldlikely drawthe attentionof predators;so male eidersdesert their matesand go out to sea,leaving the crypticallycolored femalesto hatchthe eggsand carefor the young. that do all their :,.oø/diving oninland lakes propel themselveswith footpower Kingeiders and oldsquaws are the hardiestof high arcncducks. ßß o. alone,keeping their wings In northernGreenland, Labrador, and northernAlaska, oldsquaws appearin springas soon as the solidwinter ice begins to breakup. :' .e tightlyfolded. But scoters and Evenafter their arrival,spring blizzards may drive the temperature ," someother seaducks use their '-1 , downto 30 belowzero, but the • oldsquawstake it in stride. wingsas well astheir feet under- water,for both propulsionand steering, allowingthem to "fly"through the depthswith power andprecision. the o•sq=w ,,reputed tobe the deepest dweramong ducks,staying underwaterforup to 90 secondsand gemng down to more than 200 feet below the surface

SPECIES SIZE/APPEARANCE HABITAT NEST VOICE iFOOD SURF SCOTER Length:20" A depressionon the ground Usuallysilent, but Mostly mollusks,crusta- Melanittaperspicillata Male:black,with white patches on [Streamsin northern and forestponds under low bushes,usually not sometimes makes a l ceans,and insects,all taken Of the threespecies of scoters,this one is the head,orange and whiteon bill. countryin summer; far from water. deepcroak or a low mostdistinctive and most widespread in Female:dark brown with white spots oceanin winter. whistle. North America. on face. I underwater. OLDSQUAW Length:21"(including longraft) IArctic tundra in On the groundnot far from This noisybird calls [Crustaceans,mollusks, ClanguNhyemalis Pointedtail, darkwings. Male: mostly summer,ocean in water,made of moss,grass, and often,a nasalowl- aquaticinsects, and small Called"long-tailed duck" in Europe.Explorers darkbrown with white markings in I winter. otherplant material, lined omeletand other notes. fish. in the Americanarctic called it "oldsquaw"for summer,mostly white with dark with down. •ts talkative nature. markingsin winter. Female: mostly palebrown and white, paler in winter. COMMON EIDER Length:24" Coastal tundra and A depressionlined with plant Cooingand moaning I Musselsand other Somateria molhss•ma Male: white above,black below, northern shores in matterand usuallywith many sounds,and low quacks.I mollusks,as well as One of our largestand heaviestducks, common with blackcap and pale green on summer, seacoasts in downfeathers, placed in a crustaceansand sea alongsome northern shores. head.Female: dark brown, heavily winter shelteredspot on the ground urchins, taken underwater. barred with black. not far from water.

KING EIDER Length:22" Breeds on tundra A shallowdepression on the Soft low cooingnotes, Mainly mollusks,some Sorearenaspectabilis Male:black body with whitetrim, well above the ground,lined with fine plant and harsh croaks. crustaceansandaquatic In the higharctic, this hardy duck may nest paleblue head, large orangey knob Arctic Circle. material and down feathers. insects. on inland tundra far from the sea. on forehead. Female: rich brown Spendsrest of year with black bars and crescents. on ocean. HARLEQUIN DUCK Length: 16" Rushingrocky A depressionlined with fine Makesa widevariety of Smallmollusks, crusta- Histrionicus histrionicus Male: slate-blueand chestnut,with streams when nest- grass,under a bushor rocksnor calls,including high ceans,crabs, and insect Despitetheir bright patterns, these ducks can whitecrescents. Female: gray-brown ing;rocky seacoasts far from water. squeaks,whistles. and larvae, all taken under- be surprisinglyhard to seeamong the dark with threewhite spots on face. at other seasons. low croaks. I water. rocksthat they inhabit. i , I I i NATIONAL A UDUBON SOCIE TY 950 THIRD AV ENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10022

¸ 1991National Audubon Society Content:Amencan Birds magazine Design: Drenttel Doyle Partners Green-wingedTeal, Eurasian LOONS TO May 28 (MAK, AW et al.), ONTARIOREGION Wigeon, EurasianWhimbrel, IBISES wherenumbers are gradually Ron D. lY&ir and White-wingedTern may The 81 Red-throated Loons are increasing. haveplayed out last autumn, a high number for spring Seven Great Egrets away bringingthese species first to the (1981-1990 averaged 18), from the southwest were below New World, then poisedto includingat-least 30 near the1982-1990 average of nine. To comparethis spring migra- migratenorth this spring. KincardineApr. 19 (AWM) and Theseincluded singles east to tion with the effectof moving The southerlyair flow,with 30 in w. HamiltonBay Apr. 5-8 Whirby,Oshawa, Port Hope, Ontario 10 ø latitude to the south many continuousdays and (RHC, JLO). Seveninland at Codrington,Presqu'ile, P.E.Pt., wouldbe no exaggeration. South nightsof clearweather, swept WestportApr. 20-24 werenote- and AmherstI. Mar. 29-May of Sudburythe seasonbegan migrantsover the lowerGreat worthy(SW et al.). Peaknum- 27. SnowyEgrets totalled six withan early thaw and after mid- Lakes and well north before bers of Commons were 580 off (1982-1990 springsaveraged March became unseasonablylanding. Some 68% of record- SaubleBeach May 8 (PM) and four).Singles were at LongPt. warm. Warm southerlyflows early arrival dateswere set at 570 at RE.Pt.Apr. 27 (K.EN.). sitesApr. 22-26 & 30 (MJP et wereinterspersed with weak cold locationsone nights flight north Red-neckedGrebes appeared in a/.), Cobden,RenJ•ew, May 2 fronts. Net effects included of the lower Great Lakes. These greaterthan usual numbers, led (MFI, KH, JMB), Franktown, major incursionsby several recordshave been put in Table1 by 168at Whitby Apr. 25 (MJB, Lanark, May 24 (JJ et al.), speciesassociated with the to savespace. However, the peri- BH), 150+at Dyer'sBay (DF et AlgonquinMay 25 (the parks southeastern United States, od wasnot withoutsignificant a/.),and 140 near the Mississagi 2nd ever)(MR, WC, RGT), and appearanceof four European groundingsat lakeshorelook- Light, ManitoulinI., Apr. 29 Oshawa May 27 (TH). species,record-setting early outs.At Long Point on Lake (JCN). Lone EaredGrebes were Distributibnof Mayoccurrences arrivalsby 54 species(seemingly Erie, 1900 songbirds were band- in CobourgApr. 9 (W & LW) suggestsimmigration through c. impossibleafter 104 record- ed May 1. Farthereast along and w. HamiltonBay May 4 New Yorkstate. The onlyLittle earlyarrivals last spring), and a LakeOntario, from Hamilton to (KAM etal.). Blue Heron was an adult in cornucopiaofadditional rarities, Whitbyand Kingston May 6, a Seven Am. White Pelicans at BruceMay 2-3 (JWJetal.), for a twonew to theprovince. massivefallout of migrantswas ThunderBay May 12 (WZ, BA) county first. The ad. Black- Drivingforces behind these triggered by rain in early were unusual, and wayward crowned Night-Heron in eyentsprobably arose far outside evening;warblers and thrushes birdswere two at LongPt. Apr. ThunderBay May 18-20 was Ontario.Intense storms raging fell fromthe sky.In retrospect, 18 (JP)and one in SudburyMay that areas3rd ever(KK, NGE). acrossthe south-central United themigration was exciting, with 18 (GW, OJ). Hamilton'sover- One at PeleeMar. 16 wasearly Statesin late April must have strangehappenings. wintering Great Cormorants (D & KM). One GlossyIbis playedarole in theappearance of werethree until Apr. 16, after appearedin PeterboroughMay the Black Vulture,Laughing Abbreviations:Pelee (PointPelee whichtwo remained until May 8 14 (PF, LEet al.). Another at Gull, BurrowingOwl, Black- Nat• Park and Vicinity);P.E. (fideKAM). An adultappeared ErieauMay 16, seento depart cappedVireo, and Chestnut- Pt. (Prince Edward Point); at the Cornwalldam May 3 SW at 6:35p.m. (fide KJB), like- collaredLongspur. Those forces Algonquin, Presqu'ile, and (BMD). Three Double-crested ly thesame bird arriving at Pelee settingthe stage for the Eurasian Rondeauare provincial parks. Cormorants were in Moosonee at 7:34p.m. (BC, DW).

ß Wawa ,' Winisk ß WATERFOYVL A strongflight of TundraSwans in thesouthwest was marked by 8000 at LongPt. Mar. 8 (DS); Moosonee ß spilloveroccurred e. of rangeto Presqu'ile,where 25 appeared Mar. 21 (fide SML), and to ßKenora 0 Cochraneß Bourget,Russell, where an adult tarriedApr. 3-5 (BMD et al.). ßSudbury • . ' ThunderBay•-,•ßMarathon The ad. Mute Swan at the Munstersewage ponds May 1-3 • NorthBay- . . [ ßSudbury is a firstfor that area(ph. VL, BMD et al.). Two ad. Greater White-fronted Geese were in Whitb)/sCranberry Marsh Mar. 31 (JSet al.), thelowest spring total in Ontario since 1985, when the 6-year period of _ ONTARIO Ottawa.Cornw•:-- unusually high numbers began. Impressivetotals for Snows were 2400+near Bourget Apr. 3 and 2000+ at Riceville,Prescott, Mar. (•u•nde•-'•'5'"'• •&Peteerboroug h Kingstoen31 (BMD et al.). Alongthe n. coast, a lone Ross' Goose was foundMay 16 at BrantRiver,

Hamilton ß HudsonBay (RDM). The heavy • ß Samia Brantpassage was early, as 200 ß London reachedAlgonquin May 5 (GF, DStr) and MoosoneeMay 11 (EH, BHy, JET). The largest number was 5000 off Amherst I.

l May 19 (K.EN.). DisplacedW

Volume 45, Number 3 ß439 werethe 275 at WhitbyMay 15 (AGH). The onlyKing Rail was TurkeyPt. May 22 (PSB,CJ), OH, DDC) and singlesat notednear Melbourne May 19 andEvans Pt., Haldimand,May TorontoSe. HeadlandMay 25 (PAR, RRe). NoteworthyAm. 28 (.IBM). In the north, lone (HGC) and LongPt. May 10 Cootswere 422 at PeleeApr. 1 birdswere in Rainy River May (DJA). (DGC, DSz) and one at 11 (DHE, DG, SFP), Thunder Single Eurasian Green- MoosoneeMay 24 (AW et al.), BayMay 21-23 (AGH et al.), winged Teal, very rare in wherethe speciesis locallyvery andMoosonee May 22-24 (AW Ontario, were a male at Pelee rare. The 157 Sandhill Crane etal.).QuericoS 2nd ever Ruddy Mar. 30 (AW) and another at reportsare a furtherincrease for Turnstonelanded in the park Whitby Mar. 30-Apr. 15 (M. this species.Early migrants May 23 (SFP). Seven W. Holder et al.). Early arrivals appearedat PeleeMar. 4 (BF), Sandpipersare more than the included the c• Blue-winged PembrokeApr. 3 (CM), and 1982-1990 springaverage of Tealat LongPt. Mar. 2 (JMH) WolfeI. Apr.7 (JHE,RDW). A four.Three were at Long Pt. May and the c• Gadwall at Wildwood strongeasterly displacement also 28 (MJP), two in e. Hamilton L., Oxj$ra•Mar. 100MH). The brought Sandhillsto Delta, BayApr. 25-28 (RHC et al.), sevenEur. Wigeons are the most Leeds,Apr. 26 (fide MH), singlesat PeleeMay 7 (KAM) in springsince at least the 1970s, Whitby Apr. 27 (EPye), and at the Essexsewage ponds exceedingthe provincesyearly AlgonquinMay. 16 (B. Fallset May 8 (KAM, BJ,JH). averageoffive birds. Singles were al.), and CarlsbadSprings May An earlyLeast Sandpiper at in Thunder Bay Apr. 25-30 28-29 (BMD etal.). PeleeApr. 12 was joined by (WZ et al.) andMoosonee May anotherApr. 17 (AW). Single 5 (MAK etal.).In thesouth, sin- SHOREBIRDS Stilt Sandpiperswere at Harrow gles appearedin Delaware, The ad. Lesser Golden-Plover at May4 (AJ,BHy), Presqu'ile May Middlesex, Mar. 3 (WRM), Winchester,Dundas, May 5 was 10 (S & DH), ComberMay 19 Presqu'ileMar. 19-21 (GS, KC BlackVulture at PointPelee, very rare for spring (BMD). (HGC), and Darlington EP. Ontario,April 25,1991. Eighthfor Seven Piping Plover Apr. May25 (BH etal.),a weak flight. etal.),Long Pt. Mar. 30-Apr. 10 the provincesince 1980. (PNP,MJP etal.), and Pelee Apr. Photograph/lamesN. Flynn. 24-May 31 were singlesat Ruffs were in below-average 11-16 (AW etal.), wherea 2nd Blenheim, Pelee, Long Pt., numbersat five (cf. 1982-1990 bird tarriedMay 13-26 (DFe et Oliphant, Kincardine, Point averageseven). The only male al.). Canvasbackpassage was Apr.25-26 (JMG,JNF etal.), as Clark, and Sauble Beach. reportedwore a whitecollar at verystrong. Noteworthy congre- this speciescontinues its range AmericanAvocets appeared for ErieauMay 17(fide KJB). Single gationswere 14,000 Mar. 2 and expansion.The ad. Mississippi the 2nd consecutivespring. Six femaleswere near Ottawa May 2 5943Mar. 19at LongPt. (JMH Kite at PeleeMay 17-21 (TO, were at ErieauApr. 26 (MM), (RAB, JB), Jarvis May 10 et al., DS) and9800 Apr. 7 and DEP, ACS, GPC et al.) is the singlesin e. HamiltonBay May (DJTH), Harrow May 18-19 5700 Mar. 24 off WolfeI. (JHE, province's13th, nine of which 15 (RHC), and BlenheimMay (HGC), and Embrun, Russell, RDW). Ring-neckedDucks, have occurred since 1980. The 18 (GY).The 42 Willetsreport- May 29 (fideBMD). Careful reported in large numbers, 91 BaldEagles are the highest ed werefrom Hamilton,Long fieldwork with Short-billed totalled 940 at Pelee Mar. 30 springtally in at least2 decades; Pt., Pelee,Wheatley, Shrews- Dowitchers revealed six and 53 (DGC, DSz, AW et al.), 500 at theirsteadily rising numbers are bury,Aylmer, Harrow, Barrie I., L.g. hendersoniat Pelee May 5 & PortPerry Mar. 24 (BH), 500 at groundsfor optimism.The last Manitoulin I., and Thunder 9 (AW), respectively,but one ChaffeysLocks Apr. 3 (NLB), of manytardy Rough-leggeds in Ba)5Apr. 27-June10. Single and three L. g. griseusin and 320 at Wildwood L., the south were singleson UplandSandpipers were early in HamiltonMay 12 & 15 (AW, Oxj$ra•Mar. 2 (JMH). Record AmherstI. May 19 (K.EN.) and CardenTownship, Victoria, Apr. RHC), respectively.The first late dateswere set by Greater GeorgianBay Islands N.P. May 21 (RGT, DT), a rare find in springreports of Long-billeds Scaupin AlgonquinMay 25 21 (HB). The nine Golden AlgonquinMay 17 (MR), and since 1987 were five in the south (MR, WC, RGT) and Lesser Eaglesare aboutequal to the late at PeleeMay 30 (NFS). (cf.1982-1990 average 2). Two Scaup at TavistockMay 17 1982-1990 spring average. Whimbrelmigration was strong wereat ErieauMay 4 0MH, JSk (JMH, JSk). Threepassed the Grimsby look- all alongthe lower Great Lakes etal.) andsingles were at Pelee. The imm. c• King Eiderat outMar. 23 (MPW), andsingles from Kingstonto PeleeMay Apr. 13-15 (AW),Wiarton Apr. St. CatharinesMay 11-June3 were at St. Williams Mar. 27 12-28. The largestflocks con- 26-May 1 0WJ etal.),and Long (KJR,LH, AJS)may have origi- (DS, PNP), PeleeMar. 31 (S & tained400 at PortStanley May Pt. May 1-3 (PSB et al.). Six natedamong the numbersseen AH), DundasMay 3 (WL, AW), 24 (ADS, MSS), 156 at Whitby Red-necked Phalaropes (cf. in earlywinter at the w. end of L. HagersvilleMay 4 (WS),Willow May 22 (KHr etal.), 150 at the 1982-1990 average6) weretwo Ontario.Wintering Harlequin BeachMay 4 (DB), and Gore Hollandmarsh, IOrk (AJ et al.), eachat Port PerryMay 25-28 Ducks were last seen in Toronto Bay, Manitoulin I., May 21 and 114 alongToronto's Lake- (fide MJB), Alfred May 27 Apr. 12 (EJ,MWD) andat the (GA). Some 22 Peregrine shoreMay 22 (MWD), where (BMD), and lone birds at Cornwall dam Mar. 3 (BMD). Falcons were reported one from the Eurasian race was Blenheim May 18-19 (GY, OverwinteringBarrows Gold- (1982-1990spring average 24). also well seen and described HGC), Embrun May 27 eneyeswere a singleat Lakefield The lastreports of Gyrfalcons (RY). (BMD), andCasselman May 27 until Mar. 13 (TB) and two in followingthe eruption last win- SingleHudsonian Godwits at (BMD). Ottawauntil Apr. 15 (BMD et ter were two in Thunder Bay LongPt. May 11 (RDM et al.) al.). Singlemigrant Barrows until Mar. 31 (fideNGD and andRainy River May 11 (DHE, GULLS,TERNS arrived off Wolfe I. Mar. 24 anotherin OttawaMar. 10-Apr. DG, SFP)were the onlysight- Six LaughingGulls, triple the (JHE, RDW) and at Perth, 23 (ph.RRB etal.). ings,in sharpcontrast to last 1982-1990 spring average, Lanark,Apr. 6 (RB). Remnants of the winter springsrecord 54 (1973-1990 occurredwithin a narrowperi- incursion by Sharp-tailed spring average8). The six od,Apr. 27-May 18.Their dis- VULTURES Grouseinto the Thunder Bay Marbleds exactly equal the tribution suggests the TOCRANES district were three e. of L. 1982-1990 springaverage. In MississippiValley as the possible Ontario's 8th Black Vulture NipegonMay 1 (NGE) andone the south, singleswere on immigrationroute. Five at the w. since 1980 appearedat Pelee n.w. of L. NipegonMay 14 AmherstI. May 18 (K.EN.), end of L. Erie included three

440. AmericanBirds, Fall 199] Table1. Recordearly arrival dates for countiesand regions of Ontario,Spring 1991 (Man. I. - ManitoulinIsland).

Double-crestedCormorant Apr.7 Man.1. JCN Apr.28 Algonquin JSch GreatBlue Heron Mar.26 Sudbury JCN GreatEgret Mar.29 Amherst I.K.EN. Brant May5 Algonquin GF,DStr Green-wingedTeal Apr.2 Algonquin RGT Am.Wigeon Apn6 Man.1. JCN Ring-neckedDuck Apr.4 Algonquin RGT BlackScoter Apr.8 ThunderBay JSk RuddyDuck Apr.4 Ox•rd JMH Apr.24 Sudbury JCN TurkeyVulture Mar.24 Man.1. JCN Apr.6 ThunderBay MFr Sharp-shinnedHawk Apr.6 ThunderBay TRoss AdultLittle Gull at Port Lambton, CoopersHawk Mar.16 ThunderBay SVP,BA, WZ Ontario,May 10,1991. Broad-wingedHawk Apr.11 Oxjhrd JMH Photograph/MichaelA. Patten. SandhillCrane Apr.7 Wolfe1. JHE,RDW birdsat Pelee Apr. 29 (AWet al.), Black-belliedPlover Apr.17 Pelee SC May 11 (HWH), May 18 (KAM SemipalmatedSandpiper May19 Algonquin MR,WC etal.),and two at Long Pt. May 1 Short-billedDowitcher May 10 Sudbury DG B,SAB & 11 (PNP et al.). The adult at Am.Woodcock Mar.2 Kingston WB ThunderBay Apr. 27 wasa first Ruby-throatedHummingbird Apr.26 Kingston RR for that area(ERA, KFA). Four May5 Algonquin HC Franklins match the 1982-1990 Olive-sidedFlycatcher May 10 Oxjhrd JMH springaverage; they were singles E. WoodPewee May 15 Algonquin RGT at BeavertonApr. 20 (BH, JH), Yellow-belliedFlycatcher May 13 Algonquin DStr ErieauMay 15 (R & JS),Long AcadianFlycatcher May 17 ERE.Pt. RKE Pt. May 21 (JRH, HAS), and LeastFlycatcher Apr.8 Toronto HK OttawaMay 27 (BMD), where May 1 Sudbury WRL thespecies isvery rare. Also rare E. Phoebe Mar.30 Sudbury JHamr in Ottawa was the Little Gull Great-crestedFlycatcher May3 Man.1. DEB May 26-27 (TFMB). Numbers E. Kingbird Apr.27 Bruce MP,DF of severalgull species in Ontario continue to rise. Ontario's 10th May 1 Ox•rd JMH and 1 lth California Gulls were PurpleMartin Mar.20 Haldimand- DAS immaturesat PittockL., Oxj$ra• Mar. 11-15 0MH etal.) and at BankSwallow Mar. 24 Pelee GTP,JLL the tip of LongPt. May 9-12 May4 Sudbury DGB, SAB,JCN (JRH et al.); all 11 birdshave Barn Swallow Mar. 31 Frontenac WB occurred since 1981. Ottawa's Ruby-crownedKinglet Mar.29 Ox•rd JMH, SJC firstever nesting Herring Gulls Veery May 1 Algonquin MR fledgeda downyyoung along HermitThrush Apr.8 Algonquin RH NepeanBay May 27 (BMD). White-eyedVireo Apr.30 Kingston RKE Lesser Black-backed Gulls num- Red-eyedVireo May 15 Sudbury CJN bered28, a further increase,and Golden-wingedWarbler May16 Killarney DGB,SAB, JCN over double the 1982-1990 N. Parula MayI ThunderBay NGE springaverage of 13.Ten were in YellowWarbler May I Man. I. DEB Ottawa,including eight adults MagnoliaWarbler Apr.25 Haliburton GG Mar. 19-May26 (BMD, RMP); Black-throatedBlue Warbler May2 Algonquin M R 18 were distributedalong the Yellow-rompedWarbler Apr.7 Man.I. JCN lower Great Lakes from Black-throatedGreen Warbler Apr.27 Algonquin DShutler Kingstonto PeleeMar. 10-May BlackburnJanWarbler May2 Algonquin MR 26. Great Black-backeds were in Yellow-throatedWarbler Apr.9 Pelee AW greater numbers again in CeruleanWarbler May 1 Leeds E Connoretal. Ottawa, where the peak tally Ovenbird May5 Killarney JGL reachedl10 at the Nepean ConnecticutWarbler May 14 ThunderBay SVP dumpMar. 19 (BMD) and at MourningWarbler May17 Algonquin GEW LongPt., where 80 were counted Wilson'sWarbler May6 ERE.Pt. RKE May 13 (DS). One in Thunder BayMar. 7 wasthe areas 3rd ever May13 Algonquin MR 0Sk). May 16 Sudbury CJW The freshlykilled • Black- ScadetTanager May7 Man.I. DEB leggedKittiwake at Long Pt. Rose-breastedGrosbeak May9 Killarney DGB, SAB,JCN May 20 (KT,MEG) represented IndigoBunting May16 Killarney DGB,SAB, JCN only the 6th springoccurrence Dickcissel Mar. 27 Pelee RLR etal. since 1980. The 14 and 17 House Finch Mar. 29 Man. I. DEB Arctic Terns passingOttawa

Volume 45, Number 3- 441 May 26 & 31 (BMD et al.) are May 5 are the area's2nd ever andis the 4th for the province, ProthonotaryWarblers were sin- thehighest numbers since 1983. (DHE). countingthat of the song record- glesat PortStanley Apr. 24-25 EightForster's were found away ACom. Nighthawkat Jarvis ing madeat RainyR. in 1980 (LSp,MHF), P.E.Pt.May 17-19 from the traditional southwest. May7 wasan early arrival (JBM, July 12. The N. Shrike in (RKE,RDW), andWhitby May Singleswere at BeavertonApr. SJMi),along with Ruby-throat- Algonquin Apr. 24 seta record 16 (AB).The 14 Worm-eatings 20 (BH, JH), alongL. Scugog ed Hummingbirds in late date (ph. MR). Some22 are a typicalspring total; but Apr. 21 (RJP,RGT), Cobourg MatachewanMay 12(LT). Red- LoggerheadShrikes were report- four awayfrom the southwest Apr.21 (onlythe area's 2nd ever) bellledWoodpeckers continued ed, includingone at PeleeMay are double the 1982-1990 (ERM), Whitby May 3 & 19 their strongshowing. In their 14 (SSt,GSt etal.). springaverage: singles at Bronte (EPegg,MJB, BH), n. of usualareas of the southwest,33 May4 (WL etal.),Dundas May ConwayMay 3 (KHe), Ottawa were noted along Long Pt. VIREOS TO 6 (AW), KingstonMay 6 (GP), May 12 (RAB et al.), and beginning Apr. 30 (DS). FINCHES andEtobicoke May 7 (MWD) AmherstI. May 18 (K.EN.). Thirteen were reportedaway The28 White-eyed Vireos in the The c5' Swainsons Warbler at Ontario'sfirst White-winged fromthe southwest, induding a southwestrepresent a strong LongPt. May 25-28 (ph.DG et Terndelighted many observers male at SmithsFalls Apr. 14 (N. presence.Extralimitals were sin- al.) was that area'sfirst and at the Port Lambtonlagoons Pert). The nest of Pileated glesin KingstonApr. 30 (RKE), Ontario's 4th. Kentucky May 7 to at leastMay 10 (fide Woodpeckersat Moosonee dis- Whitby'sCranberry marsh May Warblernumbers were impres- AGC, HGC). This breeding coveredMay 25 is the firstfor 5 (DT et al.), and OshawaMay siveat 32 (cf 1982-1990spring plumagedadult then reappeared the Hudson Bay lowlands 17 (MJB). The violent torna- average16). Away from the at LongPt. May 15-18 (TS et (RDM etal.). doesthat sweptTexas in late southwestwere single males at al.). NoteworthyBlack Terns The AcadianFlycatcher at Aprilprobably were responsible Presqu'ile May 2 (BM, J & EC), werethe adult at MoosoneeMay P.E.Pt.May 17 (RKE)was the for propellinga Black-cappedand at P.E.Pt. May 19 (K.EN) 23 (AW et al.) and 200 near onlyreport away from tradition- Vireo into Ontario--the first andJune 1-2 (RTS et al.). The North Bay by May 31 (fide al s.w. areas. The E. Phoebe in ever. The 9 bird was netted at onlyConnecticuts reported e. of RDT). TidewaterP.P., Moosonee, May LongPt. Apr. 27 and banded rangewere lone males at P.E.Pt 30 (MAK) was a first spring (ph.JRH, HAS, HP). May 19 (RDW et al.) and DOVESTO SHRIKES occurrencefor the HudsonBay Blue-winged Warblers WhitbyMay 22 (DBy),where a The pairof MourningDoves at lowlands.Single W Kingbirdsat occurred in ever-increasingfemale also appearedMay 28 Minden courted both each other LongPt. May 13 (JRH)and at numbers,from Long Pt. Apr. (MJB). SingleYellow-breasted anddisaster by gambling to pro- PeleeMay21(SU, JLD, KAM et 28-May 21, where37 weretal- Chatspushed east to Toronto's ducea nestwith eggs Mar. 27, an al.)were good finds. One ad. lied(DS), eastto Presqu'ileApr. HighPark Apr. 30 (RY),Whitby extremelyearly date (RJP). Such Scissor-tailedFlycatcher was at 30-May 14, with 7 birds(fide May 6 & 9 (RGT, MJB), gamblesmust be paying off; the LongPt. June 1 (MD, PJD),that SML), and P.E.Pt.May 4-19, BrightonMay 14(S & DH), and speciespushes the edgeof its area's2nd ever. The Purple with 14 birds (K.EN.). Four Presqu'ileMay 17-18 (C & JA) rangenorth. Six at a Moosonee Martin in Atikokan Apr. 7 were n. to Grey-BruceMay At leastthree were at P.E.Pt.May feederMay 27 madea hightally arrived before the first Tree 14-17 (JWJ). Three 11-18 (RKE, MCE etal.). (RDM). A lateSnowy Owl was Swallow,which is unusual(fide "Brewster's"hybrids were in The 11Summer Tanagers are alongToronto's lakeshore May SFP). Carolina Wren numbers WaterlooMay 24 (TC); therarer two below the 1982-1990 28-29 (MWD). The last N. remainedstrong in the south- "Lawerence's"hybrid appeared springaverage; all werein the Hawk Owls in the south west; 16 extralimitalspoint to at PeleeMay 6-7 (GTH et al.) extremesouthwest except the occurred near Peterboroughlow winter mortality. All 16were and Dundas May 25 (BNC, lone male at Whitby May 13 Mar. 1 (AGC); two migrants distributedalong the n. shoreof RZD). Reversemigration was (BH et al.), that area's3rd ever appearedin ThunderBay Mar. L. Ontario, within a band observedat PeleeApr. 29, when The four Blue Grosbeaks are 4 16 (NGE). Anotherwas killed includingToronto, Oshawa, 80 Nashville Warblers flew S times the 1982-1990 spring on a highwayat AtikokanMar. Whitby,and Kingston. from the tip (AW, KAM, TS). average.Single males were found 25 (DHE). The BurrowingOwl The only Blue-gray The only "Audubon's"Yellow- atWyervale, Simcoe, May 8 (ph atArnprior, RenjSew, Apr. 19-24 Gnatcatchern. of rangewas on rumpedwas at ThunderBay WEZ, PH, LI), WheadeyMay (ph. ER, MR et al.) is the Great Duck I. May 19 (JCN). Apr. 6-8 (ph. NGE et al.). 19-20 (ACS, GPC et al.), and province's9th. Great Gray Owls The Mountain Bluebirdalong Yellow-throated Warblers ThunderBay May 24-29 (ph concentrated in e. Ontario. Four MooseL., Atikokan,Apr. 7 was appearedin greaternumbers HM), for a 2nd districtoccur- appearedin the Ottawa area that district's2nd'(DG) and the thanfor at least a decade.Singles rence;a female was netted and Mar. 1-17 (BMD), and singles province's6th ever in spring. wereat the Peleearea Apr. 9 ringedat LongPt. May 12(MPu, wereat Westport Mar. 14 (MS), Several unusual winterers fared (AW)andWheatley P.P. May 19 DJA et al.). The list of rarities Tamworth Mar. 15 (J. Bell), successfully,thanks partly to (TH). Four were found away continuedwith the nettingof a Maberly Mar. 16 (P & JG), feedingstations. They induded from Pelee,where the species PaintedBunting at Long Pt Carleton Place Mar. 18 (D. Townsend's Solitaire at occursnearly every spring. Two June3 (ph. MJP,PNP, DRH), Campbell),and Algonquin Mar. Presqu'ileto Mar.31 (fideSML), maleswere at P.E.Pt.May 3-4 & Ontario's 7th ever. Examination 26 (DStr).In thenorth, one hit a single Varied Thrushesin 18and May 11 (K.EN.). Singles of feet,wings, and tail of this powerline in SaultSte Marie ThunderBay to Apr.4 (EHn et were at Port StanleyApr. 14 2nd-yearmale confirmedthat Mar. 28 and was sent to the Owl al.)and near Pakenham, Lanark, (MSS,ADS) andLong Pt. May the bird could not have been an Rehabilitation Research fromDecember to earlyMarch 10 (JRH etal.).Subspecies iden- escapee.Among the fewspecies Foundation,Vineland, where it (LJ), and Gray Catbird near tification was made on four of to departlate were the Am. Tree has recovered(KMcK). Great Toronto'sHigh Park(RY). The the six; all were D. d. albilora SparrowatCedar Creek, Oxj3ra• Grays from the invasionto GrayCatbird in MoosoneeMay (whitelores). May 13 (JMH) and Long Pt ThunderBay departed byApr. 1 31 wasn. of range(WH etal.), Blackpolls,like most war- May 22 (DS). At least 13 (NGE); singleswere found at alongwith the Brown Thrasher blers,were very early in the Gambell's White-crowned TerraceBay May 7 (DVW, LS), thereMay 21-25 (AW,MAKet south.Their vanguard reached Sparrowswere at LongPt. Apr Atikokan May 9 (DC), and al.).A Sprague'sPipit at Moose Lake-of-the-WoodsMay 11 29-May 15, manymore than SapaweMay 10 (DHE). The Factoryin May (MAK, JET, (DHE) and MoosoneeMay 21 usual(DS). Harris'Sparrows e two Short-eareds at Atikokan NW, CH) wasnicely described (AW et al ) Extralimital of rangewere singles in London

442 AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 EXOTICS (BH), J. Heslop (JH), G.T. An unbanded9 RuddyShel- Hince, K. Holder (KHr), J.M. duck appearednear Peter-bor- Holdsworth, K. Hooles, J.R. oughabout Mar. 15 OqdeDCS), Hough, E Hough, D.R. where it fed with Mute Swans Howlett, E. Hunter (EH), T. and Mallards. Single Eur. Hurst, D.J.T. Hussell, W. Goldfinches were at Port Britain Hutchison,L. Irwin, M. Jacklin Mar. 4, near Port Hope Mar. (MJa),J. Jaques, A. Jaramillo,E. 31 (ERM) (both sites in Jefferson, L. Jeffreys, J.W. Northumberland),and along Johnson,O. Johnson,B. Jones, Toronto'se. HeadlandMay 25 C. Jones,M. Jones(MJo), H. (SG). Kerr,Kingston Field Naturalists, K. Kivi, M.A. Kubisz, S.M. C0rrigenda:AB44:1129, col. 4, LaForest, V. Laforge, W. line 31 from bottom:replace Lamond, J.L. Larson, J.G. "TRS" with "RZD"; p. 1131, Lemon,W.R. Lowe,J.R. Macey, col.1, lines3-5, replace"a nest S.J. Macey,W.R. Maddeford, with youngwas located in the N.M. Mansfield,M. McAlpine, Swainson'sWarbler at LongPoint, Ontario, May 25,1991. Fourthrecord Dundas%lley, Niagara (RZD)" E.R. McDonald, H. for the proviuce.Photograph/Ron Ridout. with "anesting pair was located McEachern, R. McKeever, K.A. Mar. 29-Apr. 19 (PAR), at a one near ShallowLake, Grey, in theDundas Valley, Hamilton- McLaughlin, D. & K. Melbourne feeder Apr. 6 May 14 (DF). Ontario's2nd Wentworth(RZD)"; AB 45:98, McNorton, B. McPherson, R.D. (DMu), and at Long Pt. May Brambling,which overwintered col. 4, lines 1-2, replace"w. McRae, A.W. McTavish, C. 8-10 (MJa et al.). Stormscross- n. of Port Hope, stayeduntil Toronto" with "Winona"; p. Michcncr, E Middleton, J.B. ingthe s.c. United States in late Mar. 30 (MAC, RC). Pine 101, col. 2, lines 13-14, delete Miles, S.J. Miles (SJMi), D. Aprilmay also have pushed the Grosbeaks remained scarce in "andGrimsby Oct 13 (HGC)". Murray(DMu), G. Naylor,J.C. d Chestnut-collaredLongspur thesouth, with a singleat New Nicholson, North Leeds from the prairiesto Thunder Dundee,•terloo, Apr.19 (H & Subregionaleditors (boldface), Birdwatchers,J.L. Olmsted,T. BayApr. 29 (NGE, MJo), for WW), onein Algonquin to Mar. contributors(italics), and cited Osborne, M.J. Palmer, M. Ontario's 4th record. 20 (DStr), and the 20 on w. observers: K.F. Abraham, G. Parker, G. Paul (GP), D.E. Singled and• Bobolinksin ManitoulinI. Mar. 15 (JCN) as Allen(GAI), R.E Andde,C. &J. Perks, S.E Peruniak, S.V. MoosoneeMay 21-24 (AW et theonly reports. House Finches Angus, D.J. Argo, E.R. Phippen,J. Pickersgill,G.T. al.) & 24 (JET), respectively,appeared at 3 sitesin Algonquin Armstrong,G. Armstrong(GA), Pike, R.J. Pittaway,H. Pittel, werewell n. of breedingrange. Mar. 19 andApr. 3 & 6, to pro- B. Atkinson,D.E. Bailey,M.J. R.M. Poulin, EN. Prior, P.A. EightW. Meadowlarkswas an videthe park's 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Bain, D. Barry (DBy), R. Read, R. Read (RRe), M. averagenumber; the eastern- records.The femaleat Dwight, Beacock,T. EM. Beck,C.T. Bell, Richardson (MRi), P.W. most was a singingmale on Muskoka,Apr. 13 wasthe first D.G. Bell,S.A. Bell, T. Bigg,D. Richter, RideauValley Field Wolfe I. Mar. 31 (RDW). The for that area (DT), as was the Blackburn(DB), A. Boissoneau, Naturalists, E. Ridgen, R. onlyextralimital Yellow-headed male at a ThunderBay feeder J.M. Bouvier,R.A. Bracken,H. Robertson,R.L. Robinson,K.J. Blackbird was the male in Apr.24-May 2 (CoAl,ERA). Red Bremner, R.R. Brouillet, D.N. Roy,M. Runtz(MR), T. Sabo, GananoqueMar. 17 (SOrr). Crossbillsnumbered 47 in all, Bucknell,J. Budd, K.J. Burk, D.C. Sadler,D. Sarrazin(DSz), Greater than usual numbers of distributedin smallgroups in P.S. Burke, W. Burke, D.D. H. Saunders,M. Saunders,J. OrchardOrioles pushed beyond Algonquin,Leeds, Frontenac, Calvert, D. Carlson(DC), A.G. Schmanda(jSch), S. Scholten normalrange. To the eastwere Durham, Ox•GrcL and Carpentier,G.E Catley, D.G. (SSc), D. Shanahan(DSn), G. five at P.E.Pt. May 11-25 Haldimand-Nor•lkMar. 6-May Cecile, S. Charbonneau, B.N. Shemlit, D. Shepherd(DS), (K.EN.), three or four at 25. Only 16 Corn. Redpolls Chadton, H. Checko, B. N.E Sherwood,L Shutt(kS), J. Presqu'ileMay 11-14 (fide werenoted s. of ThunderBay Cherriere, S.J. Cheskey,T. Silverberg(JS), R. & J. Simms, SML), and oneat RideauFerry and Sudbury.Pine Siskins and Cheskey,J. & E. Christie,M.A. A.C. Sims,J. Skevington(JSk), May 10-11 (RVFN). To the Evening Grosbeaks were Cooper,R. Cooper (RC), K. P. Skierszkan,A.J. Smith, H.A. north were three at Indian Pt. observedreturning from the Corcoran, W. Crins, H.G. Smith, W. Smith, A.D. Sinout, May 18 (CTB, PSIO, two at southin mid-Aprilto mid-May, Currie,R.H. Curry,M.P. Davis, M.S. Smout,L. Spicer(LSp), EvansvilleMay 21 (JCN), and but numbers were low. M.W. DeLorey,P.J. Derbyshire, R.T.Sprague, G. Staffing(GSt), B.M. DiLabio,R.Z. Dobos,J.L. S. Starling(SSt), D. Strickland Dunn,M. Dyer,M.C. Edwards, (DStr), D./L Sutherland,R.D. R.K Edwards,D.H. Elder,J.H. Tafel, L. Taman, K. Thomas, Ellis, L. Elmhurst, N.G. Escort, J.E.Thompson, W. Thompson, B. Ferguson,E Ferguson,D. D. Tozer, R.G. Tozer, S. Fewster(DFe), D. Fidler (DF), Utterbeck, R.L. Waldhuber, M.H. Field,M. Fluguel(MFI), G.E. Wallace, G. Walli, R.D. J.N. Flynn,G. Forbes,E Foster, Weir, W. & L. Wensley,D.V. M. Freutel(MFr), G. Gadand, Weseloh. West Humber Field M.E. Gartshore,S. Gawn,J.M. Naturalists,M.E Whelan, C.J. Gordon, D. Graham, E & J. Whitelaw, D. Wilson, H. & W. Griffen,S. & D. Hadlington,S. Wilson, N. Wilson, S. & A. Hanft, E. Hansen (EHn), Wireperis, A. Wormington, H.W. Harrington,A.G. Harris, B.K.Wyatt, G. Yaki,R. Yukich, L. Havilland, R. Hawkins, M.E. W. Zarowski, W.E. Zufelt.-- Hebb, M. Hendrick, C. RON D. WEIR, 294 Elmwood Immaturemale PaintedBunting at LongPoint, Ontario, June 4,1991. Hendry,B. Hennessey(BHy), St.,Kingston, ON K7M 2Y8. SeventhOntario record. Photograph/Mark J. Palmer. K. Hennige(KHe), B. Henshaw

Volume 45, Number 3- 443 of groundedmigrants were 15 perday were seen from early Mar. 9 (TP); and 200 were at APPALACHIAN reported.Many migrantsmay April to late May (JM). They PymatuningL., PA, Mar. 10 haveoverflown the Region with- werereported from many inland (AM). A Mute Swan was at REGION out stoppingand the reportsof lakes,with high countsof 50 SenecaL., OH, Mar. 21 (fide GeorgeA. Hall low numbers of birds encoun- fromShenango L. (EB) andL. JE). An unusual flock of 30 tered not accuratelyrepresent LeBoeuf,PA (JM). SnowGeese (blue morph) was at thetrue population situation. Thirteen Am. Bitterns were MosquitoL, OH, Mar. 24 (CB). There were, however, a fair sightedat P.I.S.P. Apr. 7-May 19 Otherreports came from Union Byand large it wasa dullspring. number of rarities. These (JM). Otherreports came from City, PA, Mar. 15 (DT), The weatherwas benign, and at included a number of southern Centre,PA, Mar. 23 (TF) and27 PymatuningL., PA, Mar. 10 mostplaces birds were few. At speciesfound north of their (GG);Spring Gap, MD, Mar.31 (AM), ShenangoL, PA (EB), Pittsburghall three months were usualrange, another indication (RKi); and B.B.W.M.A., WV, andAthens, OH, Mar. 16 (VF). much warmer than usual,with a ofoverflights. May 6 (WA, MG). Only four A Green-wingedTeal nested three-month accumulation of Least Bitterns were seen at (unsuccessfully)at P.I.S.E (first 579day-degrees in excess of nor- Abbreviations: B.E.S.P. (Bald EI.S.E thisspring (JM). Great record) (JM), and a male mal. All three months were EagleState Park, Centre Co., PA); Blue Heron continues to thrive. remainedin lY&shington,TN deficient in rainfall. There were G.S.M.N.P., Great Smoky The 2 herontiesin Mercer, PA, until at leastJune 1 (RIO.A Eur. nomajor snowfalls in March. Mountains National Park, TI• had 830 adults and 925 chicks Wigeonwas seen in Crawj•ra• As a result of the mild weath- G.B.W.M.A., Green Bottom hatched (EB). There are now PA,Apr. 4-7 (m.obs.).Greater er thewhole migration schedule Wildli• ManagementArea, severalcolonies along the Ohio Scaupwas reported more com- wasadvanced, in someplaces by Cabell Co., WPi, M.E.C.H., River; establishmentof a new monly than usual.The King two or three weeks. Waterfowl (MinorE. ClarkHatcher 3 Rown, NationalWildlife Refuge on the Eider and Harlequin Duck departedearly, and many "May" Co., KI0, EI.S.E (PresqueIsle Ohio River Islands makes their reportedat EI.S.E in winter migrantsarrived in late April. StatePark, Erie Co., PA). Place futurepromising. Great Egrets remained until Mar. 16 and Mar. Mostareas reported many"earli- names in italics are counties. were widelyreported in their 2, respectively(JM). A groupof est ever" arrival dates, and in usualspring numbers. The only 135 Oldsquawon EdinboroL., Erie,PA, eleven species set early LOONS TO WATERFOWL reportof LittleBlue Heron came PA,Apr. 1 wasa largenumber arrivalrecords (JM). By the last Common Loon was in low num- from Titusville,PA, Apr. 16 for an inland lake (JM). two weeksof May, only a few bersat mostplaces, with high (AB). Tricolored Herons were Oldsquawswere also reported stragglerswere still migrating. countsof 49 at Tellico L., TN, foundat AustinSprings, TN, from Irvine,PA, Mar. 30 (DW), Localbreeding birds brought off Apr. 3 (S & RSa) and 37 at Apr. 18 (2nd arearecord) (SW) StoneValle3• PA, Mar. 27 (GG), firstnestings very early and suc- SomersetL., PA,Apr. 22 (AM). andat EI.S.P.Apr. 29 (9thcoun- andB.E.S.P., Apr. 10& 20 (P & cessfully.However, the near- As usual, a few remained until ty record)(VR & CT). Cattle GS). The onlyreport of Black droughtconditions that pre- thepedod's end. A Red-neckedEgrets were found at Antes Fort, Scoter was from P.I.S.P.Mar. 30 vailedin someplaces in lateMay Grebe was seen at Edinboro., PA, Apr. 19-23 (G & PS) and (EK); nine Surf Scoterswere did notprovide a favorableout- Erie, PA, Apr. 23 OHo). An Stuart'sDraft, VA, May 22 reportedthere through Apr. 20 lookfor birds breeding inJune. EaredGrebe was reported from (MH). Green-backed Herons (JM), withone as late as May 9 Duringthe mainmid-April ConneautL. Marsh,Craw•ra• were in lower than normal num- (JeS & JiS). White-winged to mid-Maymigration period, PA, Mar. 30 (RFL). Double- bers in Rowan,KY (FB), but Scoterswere reported from therewere no pronouncedcold crested Cormorant continues to both Black-crowned and Yellow- EI.S.E to Mar. 9 (JM, EK), fronts;consequently no "waves" increase.At E1.S.E,an average of crownednight-herons were in StoneValley, PA, Mar. 27 (DB, unusuallyhigh numbersat AF), andB.E.S.P. Apr. 20 (P & Roanoke,VA (MS).Two pairs of GS). A BarrowsGoldeneye at Yellow-crownedswere nesting in P.I.S.P.,Apr. 26 wasthe 5th Erie theElizabethton, TN, area(RD, record(AT). FA),and this species was sighted at G.B.W.M.A.May 6-8 (WA & RAPTORS TO GULLS CH). A GlossyIbis at EI.S.P. May Observersin Erie,PA, organized 5 wasthe 9th county record (JS). a concentrated Hawk Watch at At most placeswaterfowl sitesalong the south shore of L. migration was unimpressive; Erie.During 18 daysin March mostof theflight had passed by andApril, 1645 raptorsof 14 lateMarch. At PresqueIsle Bay speciesas well as 828 Turkey onL. Erie,a peakof 40,000div- Vultureswere counted (JM). A ing ducks, mostly Com. BlackVulture at P.I.S.E,Apr. 29 Goldeneyesand Red-breasted(JeS, JiS) was the 2nd Erierecord Mergansers (20,000), was andone at Rockport, lYrfiod, WV, reached Mar. 7. At least 10,000 Mar.23 (RJ)was the first county mergansersremained until Apr. record,although not far from the 17 (JM). CrawJ3ra•PA, also had usualrange. An Ospreynest in goodnumbers of mostspecies, Somerset was the first for w. with a countof 1200 Ring- Pennsylvania(AW). The birds neckedDucks Mar. 9 (RFL). are known to have come from TundraSwans were reported theWest Virginia hacking pro- in numbersonly from the usual ject. Migrating Ospreyswere n. Pennsylvaniaand n.e. Ohio reported from 5 locations, sites.Three flocks totaling sever- includinga totalcount of 29 on al hundred were seenat Warren, the L. Erie hawk watch. Most PA, Mar. 8 (BH); 350 were at unusual was the record of a WoodcockL., Crawj3ra•PA, MississippiKite duringa Mar.

444. American Birds,Fall 1991 27 hawk fltght tn Spnngfield Cranesfor 13 days in early Mar. 2-Mar. 23 (JM, EK), anda fromIrwne, PA, May 11 (DW), Twp., PA, the 3rd Erie record March totaled 1348, with a max- lateone Apr. 30 (EK); Iceland Clarksville,PA, May 2 (RB), (JeS,JiS). The Bald Eagle picture imumof 305 Mar. 10 (MD,fide Gull, Mar. 5-26 (EK, TF, DS); New Centerville,PA, May 9 continuesto be bright.Seven HD). Soraswere present to the and GlaucousGull, at least 16, (AW), Knox,TN, May 5 (C & nestswere reportedfrom n.e. endof theperiod and probably Mar. 1-Apr. 14 (JM, EK). A GC)., andin Murray,GA (HD) Ohio, w. Pennsylvania,and e. nestingin Columbia,OH (J & LaughingGull was at Austin Therewere 2 unusuallyearly Tennessee.Of these,2 had failed DH), andwere found at P.I.S.P., Springs,TN, Apr.29 (4th local flycatcher arrivals in n.e bythe end of theperiod. Besides Apr. 8 (early)(JeS, JiS) and at record) (RK). CaspianTerns Tennessee:an E. Kingbirdin nestingreports, there were sight- Akeley Swamp, Warren,PA, continue to increase in this Greene,Mar. 13 (BC) was the lngsof 16 birdsat 9 locationsas May27 (BW). Region,with reportsof good 2nd earliestarrival for the state, wellas "several" in Erie,PA (JM). Most placeshad mediocre numbers from 6 locations, andan Alder Flycatcher on Roan A N. Goshawk nest was shorebirdflights although all toppedby a recordcount of 200 Mt., May 11 (JN) wasthe earh- found (by a "terrified"turkey commonspecies showed up, but at EI.S.E, Apr. 17 (JeS,JiS). est local record. A Great Crested hunter) nearWarren, PA (DW), at Youngstown,OH, morethan Forster's Terns remain more FlycatcheratP.I.S.P., Apr. 3 (JM) fivegoshawks were encountered the usual numbers were seen numerous than Com. Terns but was alsounusually early. The at 4 placesin Erie,PA (JM), and (NB). There were, however,a fewerwere reported,than last WillowFlycatcher continues to otherreports came from Centre, fewunusual sightings. A Solitary spring,although a highcount at increase southward. In n. West PA, Mar. 17 & 23 (TF), SandpiperMay 5 (DHu) anda M.E.C.H., KYwas50 on May4 Virginia, both Least and Highlana•VA, Mar. 19 (RA), and SpottedSandpiper May 8 (RK) (FB). No Black Terns were Acadianflycatchers aswell as E RoanMt., TN on the remarkable werefound on a pondat an ele- reportedthis spring in Erie,PA Wood-Peweesand E. Kingbirds dateof June 1 (FA).During the 2 vation of 3600 ft on Roan Mt., (JM),but one was reported from were in low numbers (GAH) months of the hawk watch on the TN. Six Willets were seen at Hartstown,PA, May 12 (RFL). The onlyreports of Olive-sided s shore of L. Erie, totals of 71 Hockingport,OH, Apr. 27 Theseare the onlylocations in Flycatcherscame from Carter, Cooper'sHawks and 652 Sharp- (VF), onewas at AustinSprings, theRegion with nesting records. TN, May 5 (GW) and P.I.S.P, shinnedHawks, 31 Red-shoul- TN, Apr. 29 (RK) and two at May 10 (earliestlocal date) dered,4310 Broadwinged,and EI.S.E, May 5 (JM). Ten CUCKOOS (JM). 214 Red-tailed hawks were Whimbrelswere at P.I.S.P.,May TO WRENS Horned Larks did not nest at reported(JM). Rough-legged27 (JM). A MarbledGodwit was Both cuckoospecies were low the 1990 site in e. Tennessee(A Hawks were reported from seenat Cumberland,MD, Apr. exceptin the east,where gypsy & RH), but fledglingswere Athens,OH, Mar. 6 (VF); Erie, 29 (m.obs.).A W. Sandpiperin mothlarvae and tent caterpillars observedat the KingstonSteam Mar. 6 and Edinboro, PA, Mar. full alternateplumage at P.I.S.P. providedample food. Five Barn PlantApr. 22 (RK). Mostareas 10 (RFL & VJ); Highlana•VA, Apr.24 wasthe first April record Owlnestings were reported: 3 in reportedlow numbersof swal- Mar. 19 (RA); and Warren,PA, for that location (JM). This l•shington,TN (RK); one in lows. The Tree Swallow is now Mar. 30 (WH), aswell as 11 on specieswas also seen on 6 dates Hawkins,TN (DHu); and one nesting in numbers at the L. Erie hawkwatch (JM). May 10-31 at M.E.C.H., KY in Augusta,VA (RS).Barn Owls M.E.C.H., KY (FB) and in the GoldenEagles were reported (FB). werealso sighted in Campbell, Knoxville,TN region (R & from Warren,PA, Mar. 15-16 A White-rumpedSandpiper TN, Apr. 30 (GM) and P.I.S.P. AH). In Grainger,TN, 2 nesting (WH), Centre, PA, Mar. 24 wasreported from Pymatuning Apr. 7 (DD). The SnowyOwl sitesfor Bank Swallows had 500 (TK), Conneaut Marsh, PA, L., PA,May 18 (RFL),up to five reportedfrom Erie, PA in winter and 200 nestholes (RH). Cliff Mar. 23 (RFL), Highlana•VA, were at M.E.C.H. May 29-30 waslast seen Apr. 3 (DS), and Swallowcontinues to expandits Mar. 19 (RA), R•owan,KY, Apr. (FB), and a total of sevenwere another was at P.I.S.P.,Mar. 23 rangein e. Tennessee(RH), and 21 (FB),and Sullivan,TN, May found at P.I.S.P.May 17-28 (EK).The only Long-eared Owl a colonyappeared at Linesville, 6-14 (BC). (m.ob.). Five Pectoral Sand- reportscame from P.I.S.E, where PA (RFL). At Warren, PA, 35 of 43 nest pipersat Roanoke,VA, Mar. 1 up to fourwere seen Apr. 6-13 Therewere only a few scat- boxeswere occupiedby Am. (MS, MDo) and four at B.E.S.P. (DD). EightShort-eared Owls tered reportsof Red-breasted Kestrels(DW). A total of 18 Mar. 2 (HH) were early. In werereported at Jef•rson,OH, Nuthatches,and they were con- Merlins was counted at P.I.S.P. l•shington, TN, an Am. Mar. 18, wherethey nested in sideredto be "virtuallyabsent" fromMar 14-May 19,and there Woodcock nest hatched at the 1990(MA); therewere 9 reports fromthe usual breeding ground wereseveral other sightings in earlydate of Apr. 4 (AA). A from EI.S.E (JM); two were at on RoanMt., TN (RK). Evenin &re (fide JM). Other reports Wilson'sPhalarope was at the PymatuningL., PA, Mar. 9-30 thenorth, Carolina Wren popu- came from Warren,PA, Mar. 20 Roanoke,VA, sewagetreatment (RFL, AW), 2 in Somerset,PA, lationsare at high levels after the (CP), 2 locationsin Crawj•rd, plant,May 16 (MS), and Red- Apr. 15 (AW), and one in benignwinter, but onceagain PA, Mar. 9 (DD, RFL), and neckedPhalaropes were there Hawkins,TN, Mar. 10-Apr. 8 therewere no reports of Bewick's RoanMt., TN, Apr. 16 (RK). May 16 (4th localrecord) (HT, (DHu). Northern Saw-whet Wren.Single Sedge Wrens were There were three Peregrine JA) and May 21 (MS). Four Owlswere seen at P.I.S.P.regu- seenat P.I.S.P.,Mar. 13 (DS) and stghtingsin April in Erie, PA Red-neckedPhalaropes were larlythrough the period to Apr. Erie N.W.R., PA, May 26 (JiS, JeS, EK) and one at alsoseen in Washington,TN, 27,with a highcount of fiveApr. (RFL). The only reportsof P•pestemS.P., WV, Mar. 15 (fide May 26-27 (4th localrecord) 7 (DD); oneor two wererecord- Marsh Wrens came from near JP).The pair that nested last year (LN), and one was seen at ed on Roan Mt., TN, Mar. 24, Cumberland, MD., May 4 in G.S.M.N.P. did not return Cumberland,MD, May 27 Apr.3 &7 (JB,RK). (RKi) andAustin Springs, TN, this year,but a sub-adultwas (MT). A Chuck-will's-widow was May 5 (RK). seen at a location 5 miles from Six unusualspecies of gull heardat Lyndhurst,VA, Apr. theprevious site (RK). were reported from P.I.S.P.: 26 (LP). Ruby-throatedHum- GNATCATCHERSTO The N. Bobwhiteis in very LaughingGull, May 11 (EK)& mingbirds were scarce at WARBLI•'S low numbers in the north and 12 (JHf); Little Gull, Mar. 10 Waynesboro,VA (RS)and Mor- Blue-grayGnatcatcher popula- continues to decline in the (RFL), Apr. 14 (JeS,JiS) and gantown,WV (GAH). There tionshave declined throughout south. The Knoxville, TN, May4 (EK);Thayer's Gull, Mar. were nestingrecords of Red- theRegion. The E. Bluebird con- springcount listed only 29, low- 5 (TF), Mar.23 (JM), andMay headed Woodpeckersfrom tinuesto dowell and most places estin 38 years(RH). In Murray, 22 (found dead) (JM); Lesser Jeffbrson,TN (RH) andMonroe, reportedgood populations, but GA, a dailycount of Sandhill Black-backedGull, a total of 4, TN (PP) Othersightings came thespotted thrushes continue to

Volume 45, Number 3' 445 be a matter of concern. Several ed Blue WarNer, Cumberland, Shore, PA, until the late date of JimAyers, Carole Babyak, Ralph reportersheard more songs of MD, Mar. 29 (MT); Corn. May 13 (G & PS). A Lincoln's Bell, Dick Bollinger(DBo), SwainsonsThrush this spring Yellowthroat, Roanoke, VA, Sparrowin Sullivan,TN, Mar. DorothyBordner, Al Broadhurst, than •n the pastfew years,but Apr. 6 (NM); andConnecticut 13 was recordearly (RK). A JamesBrooks, Edward Brucker, numbers for this once-abundant Warbler,Johnson City, TN, Lapland Longspurat P.I.S.P. NancyBrundage, Fred Busroe, migrantwere still very low. There May 5 (RK). Orange-crownedApr. 28 wasat leasta monthlater Alan Clark, Carol Coleman, were more reportsof Gray- Warblers(rare in spring)were than the previouslate date;a Gene Coleman, Brian Cross, cheeked Thrushes than usual. reportedfrom Jonesborough,Snow Bunting there May 9 was Dave Darney (DD), David WoodThrush populations have TN, Apr.27 (DH), Floya•KY, alsorecord late (JM). Davis, Mike Davis (MD), made a modest comeback, as Apr.25 andRowan, KY, Apr. 27 Fifty Bobolinks at the Harriett DiGioia, Mike theywere reported increased in (BM, MM), andone was banded KingstonSteam Plant, TN, May Donahue(MDo), JeanetteEsker, Fairview, NC (RY) and in at ELS.E, May 13 (RFL). 2 were noteworthy(AH, CC). Victor Fazio,Ted Floyd,Alice Huntington,WV (MG), while Swainsons Warblers were OrchardOrioles were reported Fuller, Carl Garner, Steven bandingsat Morgantownwere reportedfrom Knox, May 5 from ELS.P, wherevery rare, Grado, Mike Griffith, Greg abovethe average of thelast few (BL), and one was presentin May 1 (JN) & 13 (EK). Grove,Charles Handle)• Charlie years(GAll). GreenRidge S.E, MD fromMay PurpleFinches were missing Heilman, Harry Henderson, A total of sixN. Mocking- 18 to the end of the period from manyplaces and werein JohnHeninger, Mozelle Henkel, birdswas reported from Erie, PA (m.ob., fide RKi). A Yellow- smallnumbers where they did William Highhouse,Bill Hill, (JM et al.), and one was at throated Warbler at Irvine, occur. Red Crossbills were DavidHochadel, Judy Hochadel Warren, PA, Mar. 15 (CP). Both Warren,PA, from Apr. 10 to the reportedfrom G.S.M.N.P., May OH), AudreyHoff, Ron Hoff, localities are north of the usual endof theperiod (fide WI-1) con- 3 (RK), Lumpkin,GA, May 25 Joyce Hoffman (JHf), Joan range.American Pipits were seen tinued the sagaof northward (fideJSe),and Shawnee S.E, PA, Howlett OHo), Dan Huffine at BooneL., TN, May 13 (RK), expansionof this species.A Mar. 21 (RR). There were scat- (DHu),Rexine Johnson, Virginia in Jeerson,OH, Mar.20 (MA), Worm-eatingWarbler banded at teredreports of small numbers of Johnston,Ray Kiddy (RIG), Tim and Cumberland, MD, Mar. 31 P.I.S.EMay 4 (RFL), waswell bothPine Siskins and Evening Kimmel, Rick Knight, Ed (RKi). The N. Shrike that was north of usual range. A Grosbeaksfrom throughout the Kwater,Beth Lacy,Ronald E reportedfrom Lander, PA, in the "Brewster's"hybrid was at Region,but as the winter season Leberman,Anthony Marich winter reportwas still present P.I.S.EMay6 (DBo). reporthad indicated,there cer- (TM), GeorgeMcKinney, Jerry Mar. 31 (WH). The onlyother tainlywas no major flight. McWilliams, Linda McWilliams, recordscame from P.I.S.E Mar. 1 CARDINAL GROSBEAKS John Mehner (JMe), Norwood (LM), Edinboro, PA, Mar. TO FINCHES Middleton, Burt Monroe Jr, 15-20 (DS), and B.E.S.P.Mar. Blue Grosbeaks were more com- A RuddyShelduck was on the Mark Monroe, Jerry Nagle, 18 (MW). Northeastern mon than usualat Knoxville(A Ohio R. at Williamstown, WV, Charles Nicholson, Linda Tennessee continues to be the & RH), and one was seen at Apr. 1 to the endof the period Northrop,Paul Pardue,Linda metropolisof the Loggerhead GreenRidge S.E, MD, May 19 (EA). Two Chukars were at Patrick,Thelma Patton, Becky Shrike, with 10 sitesknown in (MT). Theonly Dickcissds were Bluefield, WV, late winter Peplinski,Jim Phillips,Chase Carter,Sullivan, and •shington at Knoxville,May 5 (CN), throughMay 0P). A Ringed Putnam, Vicky Roth, Ton (RK) and 2 sitesin Knox (A & JohnsonCity, TN, May 13 Turtle-Dove was at Roanoke Rovansek, Rebecca Satterfield RH). Otherreports were four on (BC),and near Waynesboro, PA, May22 (MS, HT, JA).Nothing (RSa), Steve Satterfield (SSa), theAugusta, VA, BigDay Count May 14 (CG). is known about the true status of Glenna Schwalbe, Paul (JMe), two in Highlan• VA, A Clay-coloredSparrow at these birds. Schwalbe,Jeff Sewell (JSe), Mike Mar. 19 (RA), one at Yellow EI.S.P.May6 (JM) providedthe Smith, Don Snyder, Ruth Creek S.E, PA, Mar. 22 (RR), 1lth countyrecord. In n. West Corfigenda:The reportednest- Snyder, Anne Stamm, Jim andone at EI.S.E Mar. 31 (JM, Virginia,Field Sparrows were in ingofN. WaterthrushesatP.N.R. StrattonOS), Jean Stull (JeS), Jim JHf), the first theresince 1982. verylow numbers(GAH), and (AB44:427) isin error,the record Stull (JiS), Chuck Tague, White-eyedVireo continuesto VesperSparrows were uncom- beingfor Nashville Warbler. The Dorothy Thomas, Andrew movenorthward, with reports mon throughouttheir range. referenceto a secondBald Eagle Troyer, Harry Turner, Mary fromIrvine, PA, May 10 (WH) The onlymentions of Henslow's nestingin Butler,PA (AB44:425) Twigg,Gary Wallace,Brenda and 15 birdsseen in Erie(most at Sparrowswere commentson should be eliminated. Watts, Don Watts, Shirley P.I.S.P.)(JM). their absence. Savannah Wayland,Merrill Wood, Ruth As usual,reports of thewar- Sparrowsin Augusta,VA, in early Contributors:Fred Alsop, Andy Young--GEORGEA. HALL, blerflight were mixed, but most June(RS) mayrepresent a new Ammann, Robert Anderson, P.O.BOX 6045, WestVirginia areasreported them to bescarce. nestinglocation. A singingFox Michael Arabia, Wendell University,Morgantown, WV Most of the expectedspecies Sparrow remained in Jersey Argabrite,Elizabeth Armstrong, 26506-6045. appeared,but numberswere low. With no greatatmo- spheric disturbancesto groundthem, most migrants Nikon8x30E binocular... probablytrickled through or _.. tor)-rated in Europe. overflewthe Region.Only 2 _:..•./ '• ./ ,.•?.•,,.ß Areview inthe BBC Wildlife magazine gave the Nikon 8x 30E concentrationswere report- /*:,.,:•.,,..'•.•,- '•.-•..•..•'•"••. • lopmarks inoptical pedormance, fieldofview, elosesl focus, /;:.•.-=.•:'-•-','*• *,,"•./•'• .•/ •.• andcomfort - allirnportanl considerations forbirders. ed:a coldfront produced an •*•';":',?:'• •/'•'/ /•-• NowEurope's bestbirding binocular isavailable inlhe unusual fallout at Knoxville "•'i'i.• •' qo ,/// ) UnitedStates - at a pricewell within reach and reason. on Apr. 20 (A & RH), and '•,'•///,• e ' {{•,•,/ Senda stamped,self-addressed envelope (98• postage) I(•'/C.,•/•))• forour free 44-page catalog and discount price list 9lAB that 17-18 specieswere listed on '( {,• coversthis exceptional Nikon binocular. plus the more than 100 other premium quality one short stretch of the Blue • binocularsand spotting scopes we carry.It willbe the best98½ you ever invested in birding. RidgeParkway May 4 (RA). Most speciesarrived early, Norman, OK 73069 ß (405) 364-0858 andthere were many unusu- christophers, ltd 2401TeeCircle, Suite 106 allyearly dates: Black-throat- Our 13thyear. Toll-free order/question/pricequote line: (800) 356-6603 Hours:10-5:00 CST. Mon.thru Fd. Mastercard.V•sa. Amex. Dincover. Optima. 3ø/ø freight on creditcard orders.

44•.AmeficanBirds, Fall1991 for manyyears and was my pre- Wisconsinlocations, average to Michigan,and one Wisconsin WETERNGRT decessoras Regionaleditor. I belowaverage for the e. portion locations.Cattle Egrets seem to appreciatethe job Kim has done of the Region.Western Grebes be increasing;this spring there LAKESREGION and wish him well in what ever were reported from many werereports from 8 Minnesota, David]. Powell endeavorshe chooses(he cer- Minnesota locations,with four 3 Michigan,and 3 Wisconsin tainlywon't stop birding.) Kim's in St. LouisMay 25 (AB) the sites,with nestingat GreenBay. replacementis PederSvingen, most unusual. Two W. Grebes Continuingthe pattern of recent 151 Bedford Street SE, were found May 27 in years,Yellow-crowned Night- This seasons weather was warm Minneapolis, MN 55414. Manitowoc,v•q (CSo). Herons returned to their tradi- andwet in general,particularly Minnesotareports should go to American White Pelican tionalDakota, MN, and Sugar in the south. There were some him. observations were restricted to River, WI, sites. Completely strongcold periods in March, the MississippiR. and n. unexpectedwas an ad. Yellow- mid-April, and early May. Abbreviations: L.P. (Lower Wisconsin counties (Ashland crowned in the snow at Wansan, However,there were alsorecord Peninsu& MI); U.P. (Upper andSuperior), with a maximum WI, Mar.22 (DB).A GlossyIbis warm spdls,particularly early Peninsula, MI); W. P. B . O . count of 33 at Trempealeau wasat NayanquingPt. S.G.A. April,when many records were (White-fishPoint Bird Observ- N.W.R.Apr. 5 (TH). Reportsof May 30 (DMc). Two Plegadis set. Temperaturesreached the atory,MI). Am. White Pelicans continue to ibises were at Pt. Mouillee low90s in places.May wascool increasefrom s.e. Minnesota; a S.G.A., Monroe,MI, May 27 and wet in Minnesota and warm LOONS TO flock of 15 Apr. 6 in Becker (DBr). and wet in Michigan and IBISES (MO) wasearly. One was also at Wisconsin. Red-throatedLoons presented W.EB.O. May 11 (SR,DS, JF). WATERFOWL, Weather'seffect on migration theirusual picture in theRegion, A Brown Pelican on L. Batte des RAPTORS wasnot completelydear but it with 224observed Apr. 16-May Mortsnear Oshkosh, WI, May3 Tundra Swanswere in good certainlybrought out the leaves, 31, with a maximumof 43 on (MF) wasone of fewever report- numbers,with severalflocks of resultingin moredifficult view- May 27 at W.EB.O. (staff), edfor the Region. over 1000; maximum was ingconditions eadier than nor- fewer than the last 2 years. An Am. Bitternapparently 10,000+ Mar. 16 on Wildfowl mal. Minnesota observers com- Normal numbers were seen overwintered at Horicon Bay, Huron,MI (RW, MW). mentedthat theyhad an excel- along Lakes Michigan and N.W.R., WI; one was present Wisconsinobservers report scat- lent migration, while in Superiorin Wisconsin, the earli- Feb. 27-Mar. 9 (BD). Great tered sightings of "wild" Wisconsin,observers comment- estMar. 24 in Manitowoc(CSo); Egretswere found in Marchin TrumpeterSwans. It is undear ed on how bad it was. Tessen's and one was seenMay 16 at all 3 states:Mar. 20 at Anoka, howto tell a "wild"Trumpeter yearlist was the lowest in at least Duluth(DJ). Only 5342Corn. MN (GP), the 2nd eadiestever; Swan from a non-wild one, 20years at this date. Adams had Loons were reported from Mar.23 atStoughton, WI (DT); owingto increasingnumbers of the secondworst migration at W. EB.O. for the season,the 2nd and Mar. 30 at Maple River releases. This situation is mir- KleinstuckPreserve in 19 years lowest total since the standard- Flooding, Gratiot, MI (JR). rored by Mute Swans in (Kalamazoo,Michigan), but izedwaterbird census was begun SnowyEgrets were in goodnum- Minnesota:four free-flying birds Reinoehlhad the best migration in 1981 (staff). However, the bers, with nine in Minnesota, were in a Goodhue wetland in in 10 years in Hillsdale, 929on May 13was a goodhigh onein Michigan,and four in April, anda singleMute Swan Michigan. count. Red-necked Grebes were Wisconsin.The onlyTricolured wasin Winona,Apr. 15 (CS). On a sad note, I must in theirusual good numbers at Heron wasone May 23-26 in Greater White-fronted Geese announce Kim Eckert's retire- W.EB.O., with 581 duringthe Ozaukee,v•q (BC, JFr, RG, et wereseen in goodnumbers in mentas Michigan's state compil- period (staff). Eared Grebes al.). Little Blue Herons were s.c. Wisconsin in mid-March. er.Kim hasdone an excellent job wereseen at 2 Michiganand 3 reportedfrom one Minnesota, 2 Theypeaked in mid-Aprilin w. Minnesota with a flock of over 200 in 1511owMedicine (HK), but went unreported in Michiganfor the first time in years. Michigan observers ß AgassizNWR thoughtthe weatherallowed

Grand Marais waterfowl to move through FeltonPrairie fasterthan normal,particularly ß ßItasca State Park in the maingoose area in the e. MNNESO-r^ portionof the state,where the ß , Ashland •. bulk of White-front recordsnor- mallyoccur. Minnesota experi- ' ,,• OrexMeadows • ,M'F•1 N•,..• encedan unprecedentedmove- :eBigStoneNWR WMA / C mentof Ross'Geese this spring, / WISCONSIN 6,/ //•I• with 19 spreadacross 7 sites, ß Minneapolisß ß St.Paul .• ( ßTraverse City includinga flock of 11 in 7•averse,Mar. 28 (KE). It was

• , , %. U • Midlandß• thoughtthat largerflocks of ßBiue Mounds S.R. Rochester"•ßLa Crosse ß •c PertF'urcn•' associatedSnow Geesemight explainthe increase.A Brantin Cottonwooa• MN, Mar. 28 ß MadisonßMilwaukee• • eGrandRapids :' (AMP) providedthe state's2nd eadiest arrival date for this casual species. Cinnamon Teal were found Mar. 27-Apr.4 in ]e•rson,v•q (m.ob.),Apr. 8 in Kenosha,v•q

Volume45, Number 3- 447 Table1. SpringHawk Totals at WhitefishPoint Bird Observato•, MI. S,A,

First Last Total Peak Shorebirdmigration was disap• Date Date Count Count Date(s) pointingRegionwide, particu- larlyin Minnesota,where habi- TurkeyVulture Apr.13 Ma r30 147 9 Apr.18 tat seemedexcellent. The pres- Osprey Apr. 13 Ma r31 131 13 May22 ence or absence of shorebirds BaldEagle Mar.16 Ma •31 108 10 Apr. 13 duringmigration is morestrong- Northern Harrier Mar. 31 Ma •31 306 63 Apr. 19 ly tiedm availablehabitat th• Sharp-shinnedHawk Apr.3 Ma •31 10,381 3933 May 10 formost species, For that reason, CoopersHawk Mar.26 Ma /31 134 16 Apr.6,7 theyare more vulnerable tohabi• Northern Goshawk Mar. 15 Ma r 29 76 7 Apr. 29 tat loss.In Michiganin recent: Red-shoulderedHawk Mar. 30 Ma r 28 16 6 Apr. 25 yeats,available habitat has been Broad-wingedHawk Apr.23 Ma /31 5217 1789 May 11 small,and numbersand diversi- SwainsonsHawk Apr.29 Ma r28 2 ty havebeen low. Two springs Red-tailed Hawk Mar. 16 Ma •31 1367 152 Apr.18 ago•one of theponds at the*Pte. RoughqeggedHawk Mar.26 Ma •31 895 163 May 11 Mouillee S.G.A., Monroe, was GoldenEagle Mar.25 Ma • 14 39 8 Apr.19 drained, hnd shorebirds American Kestrel Mar. 24 Ma • 31 425 41 Apr.26 appearedbythe thousands. One' wonders what the shorebird Merlin Mar. 19 Ma' ,28 70 7 May 10 PeregrineFalcon Apr.13 Ma',29 23 4 May 10,23 mlgrati•npicture woul•b• [• there were even some habitat managementforsh•re61 rds. (RH), and May 25-26 in Rice, Michigan, at Port Crescent, nest at Palisade Head, Lake, MN (F&KS, TB). Hybrid Huron. In limited visits, the fol- MN; probablynested under a CinnamonX Blue-wingedTeal lowing excellenttotals were bridgein St. Louis,MN; and theRegion does not seem to be werefound Apr. 27 in LacQui counted:114 TurkeyVultures producedthree young from a improving,with reportsfrom 6 Parle,MN (AB), May 8-10 in Apr. 7 (ME); 1252 Broad- nestin l•shington,MN (DO). Wisconsin locations but none in Aitkin,MN (WN, PS),and May wingedHawks Apr. 26 (ME); A Prairie Falcon at Buena Vista Michigan.A VirginiaRail Mar. 29 in Eau Claire,WI (JP). A c• and sevenGolden Eagles Apr. Marsh, WI, Mar. 15 (DSp) 23 in Wausau, WI (PR), was GarganeyApr. 24 at Bridgeport, 26-May 5 (ME, RW, MW). apparentlyhad been was found confusing:overwintering bird or Saginaw(LA, MH), wasthe first Hopefullyarea observers will be in February.Two Prairie Falcons earlyreturneec• Sandhill Cranes for Michigan.It wasnot found ableto spendmore time there were at Blue Mounds S.P., Rock, returnedearly to all 3 states,the subsequently,soonly the origi- nextspring, either confirming its MN, May 31 (KN). After last earliestin Michigan in late nal two observerswere fortunate potentialor showingit to beyet wintersGyrfalcon "invasion,"it February. enoughto see it. Two Eur. another"one-year wonder." wasno surprisethat gyrswere A cooperativeSnowy Plover Wigeonwere present in lateMay An Ospreywas early Mar. 9 at found in all 3 states.However, it wasseen and photographed by at GreenBay (TE). Of the four CausewayMarsh, Muskegon, MI wassurprising that they lingered manyat Two Rivers,WI (JS et HarlequinDucks present during (C & FV). Averyimpressive 292 intoearly May in Minnesotaand al.), the3rd Wisconsin sighting. the winter,two maleslingered BaldEagles were at L. Pepin, Wisconsin. The endangeredPiping Plover until May 7 at Milwaukee Goodhue,MN, Mar. 31 (KE). continuesto farepoorly in the (m.ob.).A 9 HarlequinDuck Northern Goshawks nested even RAILSTO Region,with one reportfrom awayfrom the Great Lakes at St. farthersouth this year than last, PHALAROPES Wisconsin and 3 from Cloud,MN, on theMississippi with a nestin Kalamazoo,MI, in Yellow Rails were found at sever- Michigan.A Black-neckedStilt R. Mar. 7-22 (KE et al.) was extremes. Michigan(RS). Red- al Minnesota locations and in wasat Sheboygan,WI, May I I quite unusual.Oldsquaw were shouldered Hawks were seen less GreenLake, WI, May 5-I 6 (TS), (HA et al.), one of only a few sdllpresent at Manitowoeat the frequentlythis yearthan last, awayfrom their normalloca- reported from Wisconsin. endof theperiod (CSo). both at W.P.B.O. and near Port tionsat SeneyN.W.R, MI, Crex AmericanAvocets were reported Scorermigration was poor in Huron, MI, where the high Meadows W.M.A., WI, and from all 3 states,with 65 near bothMichigan and Wisconsin, countthis springwas only 16 McGregorMarsh, Aitkin, MN. Salem,La Crosse,WI, Apr. 25 although897 White-wingedscompared to 49 lastyear (DM). The outlookfor King Railsin being quite impressive. and 12 Surfson May 16 at On theencouraging side, there W.EB.O. (staff) constituteda werereports from 16 L.E and good single-daymovement. one U.P. counties. An excellent However, this was almost half flight of Broad-wingedHawks the scoters recorded for the sea- was observed, also at Port son. Inland Surf Scoters were at Huron, with 1293 on May 1 lakesin St. Louis,MN, May 7 (DM). The only Swainsons (SS)and Hillsdale, MI, May 16 Hawk noted away from (JR). Alsounusual were sight- W. EB.O. was one Mar. 26 in ingsof White-wingedScoters at Eaton, MI (DMc). An imm. 3 w. Minnesota locations; most Ferruginous Hawk was Minnesotareports are from the identifiedMay 1 at Rothsay Duluth/L.Superior area. W.M.A., Wilkin, MN (PS). Springhawk migrationat Golden Eagleswere reported W. EB.O. is well known, but it froman impressive 10locations appearsthere may be another in Michigan,with reports from 2 good hawk migrationviewing locations in Wisconsin. PurpleSandpiper atSheboygan, Wisconsin, April 4,1991. This bird lin- point in the "thumb"area of PeregrineFalcons returned to geredto the surprising date of May11. Photograph/BrianBoldt.

448-American Birds,Fall 1991 Whimbrels were found in all 3 BP, CP); May 17 & 20 near ing only one BorealOwl last at Duluth (DBe) was only the states,with peaktotals of 40 in Duluth (PB, DBe); and good year,banders at W.EB.O. saw 25 4th localrecord; this speciesis Cook,MN, May 21 (K & MH), numbersMay 22 into Juneat thisspring, with sevenApr. 23. regularat W.P.B.O.,equally far 45 and55 alongL. Michiganin their normal Manitowoc, WI, Boreal Owls nestedagain in north. WisconsinMay 20, and250 at nestingarea. Thayer's Gulls were Lake, MN (SW), and were still The pair of Mountain W.P.B.O. May 23 (staff), an seen in their usual small num- callingat theend of theperiod Bluebirdsreturned to nestagain averageflight for what is general- bers in Michigan and alongthe Gunflint Trail, Cook, at Florian, Marshall, MN ly themost common of the"big" Wisconsin,with one quitelate MN (K & MH). NorthernSaw- (m.ob.);another pair was seen in shorebirds. Hudsonian Godwits May 13at PortWashington, WI whet Owls are also difficult to Norman Mar. 31 (AB). This were scarce,with only four (JFr).Lesser Black-backed Gulls census. W.P.B.O. banders spedesseems to beincreasing in reportedin Wisconsinand none continueto be morefrequently recorded65, with a peakof 12 Minnesota.Unusual for spring, in Michigan.Marbled Godwits reportedin theRegion: Mar. 30 Apr.21-22. a Townsends Solitaire was at were slightly more common, onL. Lansing,Ingham, MI (KT, Chuck-will's-widows were DuluthApr. 4-16 (GN et aL). with three reported from JRetal.), a quiteunusual inland reportedMay 15-16 at St. VariedThrushes lingered in all3 Michigan and four from location;Apr. 6 at Erie Marsh Joseph,Berrien, MI (JM) (no statesand were last reported Apr. Wisconsin.One lingereduntil Preserve,Monroe, MI (PC);May details,but in appropriatehabi- 14 near Washburn, WI (DV). May 28 alongthe Mississippi 1L 18 at Sheboygan,WI (D & tat, nearwhere they have been Northern Mockingbirdswere in Goodhue,MN (PS),later than MB); and May 29 at W.P.B.O. previouslyreported); May 23 at reportedin normal numbers, normal. (PRe,DK, AF), the firstobserva- Madison,WI (TA); and May with reportsfrom 9 Michigan Red Knots were found 3 tory recordand likelyfirst U.P. 30-31 near Hintz, Oconto,WI counties, 4 locations in timesin Michiganand oncein record.Glaucous Gulls lingered (JS et al.). Red-bellied Minnesota, and four birds found Wisconsin,all alongthe Great intolate May in all3 states.Away Woodpeckers continue to in Wisconsin. A cooperative Lakes.Western Sandpipers were from their normal Michigan expandtheir rangenorthward. Curve-billed Thrasher was seen reportedfrom 2 Michiganloca- locations, Great Black-backed One or two Three-toed andphotographed bymany after tions:May 22 at W.P.B.O.(JR, Gulls were seen at Manitowoc- Woodpeckerswere at LaceL., its discoveryat a seldom-birder TS) andMay 28 at BayCity S.P., Two Rivers,WI, until lateApr. Cook,MN (K & MH). Only municipalpark in EdenPrairie, Bay(RW, JSo), about average for (m.ob.), and one was at threeBlack-backed Wood-peck- Hennepin,MN, May 4 (SC et the Region.The overwintering WisconsinPt. Apr. 27 (RJ). erswere reported in Michigan. al.). The 2nd Minnesotaoccur- PurpleSandpiper at Sheboygan,Almost never seen in spring An AcadianFlycatcher returned renceof thisspedes, it remained WI, remained until the absurd althoughregular in fall, imm. to Elm CreekPark, Hennepin, until May 9. Three Sprague's dateof May 11. Buff-breastedBlack-legged Kittiwakes were MN (SC), the 3rd straightyear Pipitsreturned Apr. 27 to the Sandpipers,rarely reported in seentwice this spring: Mar. 30 at at thislocation on then. margin spring,were found May 18 at Lock and Dam #7 on the of its Minnesotarange. A Say's Jackson,MN (BD. A dowitcher MississippiR., Winona,MN (C Phoebewas seen May 11 at (sp.)was in Tuscola,MI, on the & CB), andApr. 13 at W.P.B.O. Petoskey,Emmet, MI (BSt). If extremelyearly date of Mar. 23 (JG, PRe),the 2nd observatory acceptedby the MichiganBird (RW).A Long-billedDowitcher record. An impressive400 RecordsCommittee, it would be was at the Erie Marsh Preserve, Caspian Terns were in the 5th for the state.The only Monroe,MI, May 5 (JG,PC, BP, Manitowoc,WI, May 12 (DT). extralimitalW. Kingbirdwas CP). Wilson'sPhalaropes were one May 13 at W.P.B.O.(BS). found at 2 St. Louis,MN, loca- OWLSTO AnE. Kingbirdwas eady Apr. 24 tionsduring May, where unusual FLYCATCHERS in Monroe,WI (EE). (KE). After last winter's invasion, NorthernHawk Owls lingered RAVENSTO LARIDS onlyuntil early March, with the WARBLERS ParasiticJaegers made a good,if last report about Mar. 10. Common Ravens continue to brief,showing at W. EB.O., with BurrowingOwls returnedto spreadslowly southward, with a fiveMay 25 andanother May 27 theirRock, MN, nestinglocation nestingreported in Anoka,MN r• (staff). Two jaegers,probably May 23 (ND) but wereother- (JH) and two on May 14 in Parasitic, were off Park Point, wise unreported.Great Gray Midland (JL). Boreal Duluth, May 17-26 (PB et al.). Owlswere barely reported away Chickadees were relatively FewerLaughing Gulls were seen from Minnesota, with three uncommon at W.P.B.O. this thisspring than last: Mar. 3-11, Mar. 10 near Saulr Ste. Marie, year:only 130, with a peakof 17 an immature at Milwaukee MI (DG), one Mar. 30 in on Apr. 24 (staff).The recent (m.ob.); May 17 into Juneat Bayfiel•WI (DL/KC), andone spateof relativelymild winters ManitowocCSo); May 18-20 at Apr.23 at W.P.B.O.(staff). The hashelped Carolina Wrens. One St. Joseph,Berrien, MI (KM et owl banding program at wasn. of normalin •shington, al.); May 24-31 at Milwaukee W.P.B.O.provides excellent data MN, Mar. 17 & 21 (TBe). After (BB eta/.); and May 27 at Pte. on this hard-to-censusgroup. manyyears of absence,broken Mouillee S.G.A., Monroe, MI This spring,147 Long-earedslast spring, Bewicl•s Wren was (DBr). Franklins Gulls were werereported, with a peakof 26 found again this spring in found at 2 Michigan, 4 on Apr. 23 (staff). Encour- Wisconsin,with oneMay 25 in Wisconsin, and one Minnesota agingly,Short-eared Owls were Dunn (RHo). Good flocks of locations, the most unusual reportedfrom both Minnesota both kinglets were seen in beingone at Duluth May 24 and Michigan,with 150 Mar. Michigan,with 100+ Golden- (KE). Little Gullswere present 28-Apr. 27 in Mason, MI crowneds at Arcadia L., in all 3 states:Apr. 17 at (m.ob.). Courtship flight, Manistee,Apr. 7 (KW), and100 Cur•e-billed Thrasher at Eden NayanquingPt. S.G.A., Bay, MI includingtransfer of prey,was Ruby-crownedsat TawasPoint Prairie, Mi. nesota,May 6, 1991. (RW); May 5 at Erie Marsh seenApr. 20 near L. Benton, S.P.May 11(MW). Surprisingly,Second state record. Preserve,Monroe, MI (PC, JG, Lincoln,MN (PS). After record- a Blue-grayGnatcatcher May 20 PhatograplVAnthonyHertzel.

Volume 45, Number 3- 449 sameRoseau field as last year A Black-throatedGray Warbler Apr.27-28, Marathon,WI (PR, Contributors:(I thankthe many (appropriately,near Sprague was at KleinstuckApr. 21-26 JRo);Apr. 28 into earlyMay, peoplewho submittedrecords Creek);another was singing at (RA, m.ob.).This bird wasseen Becker,MN (PB et al.); May 4, for thissummary; only individ- Felton Prairie, Clay, May 5 originallyon a Sundaymorning, Buj•lo,WI (RHo);and May 11, uals with cited records are listed (MO). was missedby everyonewho Goodhue,MN (HH et al.). below; stateeditors are in bold- LoggerheadShrikes continue tried Sundayafternoon, was Northern Cardinals continue to face). Larry Abrahms,Ray to struggle.In additionto nest- relocatedMonday evening, and spreadnorthward, with reports Adams, Herbert Arndt, Tom lngbirds in Allegan,MI, Oconto, wasthen seen on the succeeding froin 3 U.P. counties in Ashman, Parker Backstrom, WI, and St. Croix, WI, there 4 daysby all who spent sufficient Michigan and an increasingTom Bell (TBe), Dan Belter, wereonly 2 reportsin Michigan, time looking.It is Michigan's numberof reportsin theDuluth Deede Beneke (DeB), Dave 8 in Minnesota, and 4 in 4th record. A Yellow-throated area. A well documented Blue Bensen (DBe), Tom Boevers, Wisconsin.White-eyed Vireos WarblerApr. 6 in Berrien,MI GrosbeakMay 18 at St.Joseph, Brian Boldt, A1 Bolduc, Bill werereported at 7 locationsin (RSm,WB) wasrecord early, but Berrien, MI (RA, RS, KL), Bouton (BBo), David & Michigan,with four to sixalso at a traditional site. A Yellow- finallyprovided the first accept- MargeretBrasser, Don Brooks seen in Wisconsin. In throatedWarbler Apr. 7 in ablereport for Michigan. There (DBr), Kurt Brownell,Clemens Minnesota, where they are Brown,MN (AB)was incredibly hadbeen many previous reports, & CaroleBrysky, Steve Carlson, rare/regular,one Apr. 28 at early for this casualspecies. butnone without problems; this Phil Chu, Bill Cowart, Nelvina NerstrandWood S.P. (PS) was Anotherwas in Goodhue,MN, at reportwas very welcome. A c• DeKam,Bob Domagalski, Kim earliest ever for the state. Bell's a morenormal date of May 1 Lazuli Buntingwas at Wirth Eckert(Minnesota, outgoing), Vireos were scarce,with none in (EJ).They also returned to their Park,Hennepin, MN, May 21 Dudley Edmundson, Eric Michigan, three to five in usualnesting area at Sugar River, (HT). A Green-tailedTowhee Epstein,Tom Erdman, Monica Wisconsin, and one in s.w. Rock,WI. A PineWarbler Apr. 7 May 16 at the SchlitzAudubon Essenmacher,Anne Feldpausch, Minnesota at Blue Mounds S.P. in CrawJ•ra•MI (TW, RW)was Center,Milwaukee (BC eta/.), JohnFlemming, Marilyn Foust, May 22 (PB), wherecasual. A quiteearly so far north.Single was the first in Wisconsin since Jim Frank(JFr),Deloris Gayit PhiladelphiaVireo Apr. 27 in Kirtland'sWarblers, away froin thelate 1920s/early 1930s. (DGa), Dennis Gorsuch,Jim Milwaukee(BC) was early. theirnormal Michigan nesting A locallyrare Lark Sparrow Granlund (Michigan), Ron Warbler migration was areas,were at Tawas Point S.P., wascooperative at DuluthApr. Gutschow, Ken & Molly mixed, Minnesota observers MI, May 15-16 (DGa, G & EP, 12-20 (GN et al.). A c• Lark Hoffman, Randy Hoffman reportingexcellent migration G & JV) andMay 23 in Jackson, Bunting was seen Apr. 9 at (RHo), Ron Hoffmann,Harlan throughoutthe state,especially WI (KB etal.), wherefound last SaugatuckDunes S.P., Allegan, Hostager,Jaines Howitz, Mark in the south,with peakmove- year. The increasinglyscarce MI (BBo). Sharp-tailedHubbinger, Tom Hunter,Nick ment May 7-11. Particularly PrairieWarbler was reported Sparrows were scarce in Ilnicky, Ed Jacobs, Doug common were Blackpoll froin4 Michiganlocations. Wisconsin,with only one at Johnson, Robbye Johnson, Warblers.Wisconsin was just the Worm-eatingWarblers were Crex MeadowsW.M.A., WI. A DougKlein, Henry Kyllingstad, opposite,with essentiallyall fairlywell represented, with two breedingplumaged Golden- David Lauten/KathyCasteleln observerscommenting on how in Michigan,two in Minnesota, crownedSparrow May 1-2 at (DL/KC), Ken Lebo, Craig fewbirds there were. Many peo- and seven to 10 in Wisconsin. Hickory Corners,Barry, MI Limpach,Janea Little, William plemissed species that they nor- An earlyLouisiana Waterthrush (RA,m.ob.) was only the 2nd for Longley, Doug McWhirter mallysee. Michigan was some- wasin Berrien,MI, Apr.6 (WB, Michigan. (DMc), DanMiller, Kip Miller, wherein between,with locally RSm).Kentucky Warblers were Western Meadowlarks were Jim Mullins,Kenneth Nanney, goodnumbers but with many reportedfroin 3 Michiganand reportedfroin 6 countiesin Gary Nelson,Warren Nelson, placesexperiencing very poor 6-8 Wisconsin sites--about Michigan,more than in recent Dan Orr, Mark Otnes, Pat numbers. At Kleinstuck average.Connecticut Warblers springs. Yellow-headedParsons, Glen & EllenPeterson, Preserve, Kalamazoo, where werereported froin 6 locations Blackbirds were also more coin- Greg Pietila, Ann Marie Adamshas censused daily for 19 in Michigan,but for the first monly reportedin Michigan, Plunkett, E Poisson,Janine springs,this was the 2nd worst time in 19 years,Adams was with reportsfroin 9 counties. Polk, Curt Powell, David spring ever for numbers, unable to find one in Kleinstuck Orchard Orioles were also more Powell,Bob Puunan,Scott Rea, althoughspecies diversity was Preserve, Kalamazoo. Hooded commonin Michigan,with one Peter Reaman (PRe), Jack nearnormal. I findanalyzing the Warblers were found n. of nor- well n. of normalMay 19, in Reinoehl,Paul Risch,Jon Rou warblermigration one of the malat Tawas Point S.P., MI, May Benzie (KW). The first docu- (JRo), Russ Schipper,Steve toughestaspects of thisreport. 15 (MW); Winona,MN, May mentedHouse Finch nesting in Schon, Tom Schultz, Carol Dataare sketchy; there is limited 10-28 (CS); and l•shington, the U.P. wasa nestwith eggs Schumacher, Dave Slikkers, comparisonfrom year to year; MN, May 20 (WL). Yellow- foundMay 17 at Marquette (NI, Tim Sinart,Jerry Smith, Roy few locationsare consistentlybreasted Chats were seen in nor- FP). They also continue to Smith (RSm), Joe Soehnel coveredand/or reported;and mal numbersin Michigan,but spreadnorthward in Minnesota (JSo), CharlesSontag (CSo), sincemost observers are only out werescarce elsewhere, with only and Wisconsin. Numbers for DanSpahler (DSp), Bill Staples, on weekends, there is little threereported in Wisconsinand most finches remained low Bonnie Stout (BSt), Forest & chanceto geta generalpicture. none in Minnesota. Regionwide,but RedCrossbills KirstenStrnad, Peder Svingen Thisspring, the picture was fur- werefound singing in severaln. (Minnesota,incoming), Daryl ther hamperedby hot weather, TANAGERSTO Minnesota locations in March, Tessen (Wisconsin), Kevin whichbrought leaves out early, WEAVER FINCHES andseveral groups of 10+were Thomas, Howard Towle, Carol makingvisual observation even Surprisingly,the center of abun- found in Michiganin May. & Fred VanOveren, DickVerch, more difficult.Only the most dancefor SummerTanagers in Therewere 2 reportsof White- George& Judy Vogel,Terry outstandingrecords are cited the Regionwas e.c. Minnesota, wingedCrossbills in Michigan Walsh, Ron Weeks, Keith below. wherethree were found in May. in March, and a few redpolls, Westphal,George Wickstrom, A N. ParulaApr. 21 at The onlyother report was of one with oneHoary seen Mar. 18 at Myles Willard, SteveWilson, Milwaukee(RG) wasearly, as May 4-8 in Walworth,WI (PP). W.EB.O. (CL). Wintering W.P.B.O. staff.--DAVID J was a Black-throated Green Western Tanagersmade an EurasianTree Sparrows in Pierce, POWELL, 217 Montrose Ave., WarblerApr. 6 at Kleinstuck excellentshowing, with 4 reports WI remaineduntil early March. Kalamazoo, M149001-4222. Preserve,Kalamazoo, MI (RA) of thiscasual species, all males.

450. American B•rds,Fall 1991 producingnoteworthy flights in 3 Iowasites Apr. 1-May 7. Eared n. of its normal range. MIDDLEWESTERNsome areas and considerable dis- Grebemigration was typical for Extralimital Little Blues were appointmentelsewhere. Record recentyears, with small numbers observedat 8 other locations, in PRAIRIEREGION heat after May 20 causedan in the w. statesplus 3 records a poor spring flight. A BruceG. Peterjohn abruptend to themigration, as from Illinois, 2 from Indiana, Tricolored Heron visited the most late migrantsquickly and one from Ohio. Only one IPL pondsMay 4 ('•JGet al.), passedover the Region. W. Grebe was detected in Iowa, furnishingthe 2nd recordfor Warmspring weather, when while anotherat Spfld. Mar. Iowa. Other Tricoloreds were in Themild winter was followed by combinedwith fewstrong cold 25-Apr.22 (•'DB)was a casual Ohio, with one at East Fork S.P. a warmspring. March tempera- fronts,normally produces alack- springvisitor to Illinois. Apr. 18-19 (HA, m.ob.,ph.) turesaveraged well abovenor- lustermigration; this year was no The w. states hosted normal andanother in ErieMay 11 (MG mal,especially in the last half of exception. While rarities numbersof Am. White Pelicans, ph.)that remained into June. the month,when several strong appearedin everystate, for most peakingwith 1350 at S.C.R. An earlymovement of Cattle warm fronts penetratedthe observersthey did not makeup Apr.19 (TB).The flockof 159 Egrets producedsingles at Region.April beganwith sea- forthe lack of May migrants. pelicansat NauvooS.P. Apr. 7 ChicagoMar. 25 (HR),Andrew, sonaltemperatures, but above (ZW) was unprecedentedfor MO, Mar. 27 (JHi), and Warren, normalreadings returned the Abbreviations: Say. Res. Illinois. A Brown Pelican was KY, Mar. 30 (RH). Later in the last week. Mays weatherwas (Saylorville Reservoir, IA); S.C.R. discoveredat L. Wappapello, season,the largestflock away normaluntil the last ten days of (SquawCreek Nat'l Wildli• RqS., MO, May 18 (S & JBr,m.ob.) fromnesting colonies was 12 in the month, when summer-like MO);Spfld. (Springfield, IL). and remainedinto June.It fur- Miami,IN, May 29 (fideJCa). heat blanketedevery state. As nished the 4th record for Early Green-backedHerons usual,predpitation was variable. LOONS TO IBISES Missouri and the state's first returned north to Rockford, IL, Missouri and Iowa received The only Red-throatedLoon since1950. The largestflock of Apr.5 (JDo)and Ames, IA, Apr. excessiverainfall throughout the paida visitto Gibson,IN, Apr. Double-crested Cormorants 6 (fideJD).Their numbers con- season.In contrast,normal pre- 6-7 (GB). Kentucky's2nd totalled900 at Maryville,MO, tinued to decline in several dpitationfell in Ohioin March PacificLoon graced Kentucky L. Apr.24 (DE),but few flocks over states.An impressive982 Black- andApril, while Mays rainfall May 3-13 (•'MS, •'BM, AS et 100 were noted in other areas. crownedNight-Herons were tal- totalswere greatly reduced. a/.),adding to thegrowing num- A totalof 58 reportsof Am. liedat L. Calumet,IL, Apr. 25 Springmigration was under- berof springrecords from this Bitternswas fairly encouraging. (m.ob.),while normalnumbers waybefore the season began and Region.The winteringYellow- Least Bitterns were close to nor- appearedelsewhere. The earliest proceededat a fast pacein billed Loon at Table Rock L., mal,with 18 sightings,includ- Yellow-crownedNight-Heron March. Many record-early MO, wasobserved through Apr. ingearly arrivals at 2 Illinoissites returnedto Jackson,IL, Mar. 27 arrivalsaccompanied the warm 1 (TB, MC). Anotherpoor pas- Apr. 14-18. Few noteworthy (KMc). A White-facedIbis wan- frontsin lateMarch, primarily sageof HornedGrebes peaked concentrations of herons devel- deredE to Erie May 4 (?LRi, speciesthat do not normally with flocksof 40-75 in Illinois, opedexcept for 272 Great Egrets '•EM et al.), furnishingOhio's arrive until mid-April. Missouri, and Indiana. Late at L. Renwick,IL, Apr.26 (JM). 3rd confirmed record. Other Migrationpace slowed in early migrantswere limited to a Wandering Snowy Egrets White-faceds were restricted to April, but many migrants healthygrebe at MageeMarsh appearedat 12+ sitesnorth to the w. states,where 3 reports returned with favorable weather W.M.A., OH, May 24 (MG) both Great Lakesin a typical from Missouri and 2 from Iowa at the end of the month. The andan injured one at Waukegan, springmovement. A Little Blue included flocks of six to seven. largestmigratory movements IL, May 20 (DDz). Red-necked Heron at Illinois Beach S.P., IL, Smallnumbers are rare but fairly were concentratedMay 4-20, Grebeswere limited to singlesat Apr.5-7 (m.ob.)was early and regularspring visitors to these states.

WATERFOWL As expectedduring advanced springs,Tundra Swan migration largelybypassed this Region. Smallnumbers appeared in the IOWA n. states,including extralimitals Chicagoß Toled(•ß Davenport Michigan Ottawa at theIPL ponds,IA, Mar.31 (B ß SaylorvilleRes. City Ft.ß NWR & LP) and in Clay,IA, Apr. 1 ß DeSoto ß Des Moines Wayne NWR ILLINOIS OHIO (LS). Trumpeter Swanswere detectedat singlesites in Iowa, ßPeoria INDIANA Columbus ß ':. ßSquawCreek NWR Missouri,and Illinois, reflecting ß Dayton movements of individuals from ßSpringfield I•dianapolis ßCincinnati introduced populations in ß S,•vanLake NWR Muscatatuckß NWR Wisconsin and Minnesota. .. KansasCity St. Louis ß Mute Swansare increasingin n.w. Indiana, where 90 were Rendl-• Evansvilleß LexingtonßLouisville ß Crab Orchard reported(fide KB). Good num- MISSOURI NWR bers of Greater White-fronted ß KENTUCKY Geesepassed through the w. ßBallard I_Cumberlandr(, ( .. MingoNWR. WMA :., states,peaking with Iowaflocks of 5400 in FremontMar. 15 and 1900at WillowSlough WM.A. Mar. 16 (SD).A fairflight e. of the MississippiR. produced maxima of 25-28 in Illinois, 11 in Ohio,KY, Mar. 3 (BPB,JPo),

Volume45, Number 3- 451 sevenin Gibson,IN, Mar. 3-14 both areas. withtwo in HolmesApr.18 (LY, Danville,IL, Apr.7 (•RCh).Six (GB),and singles at 2 Ohioloca- Fifty GreaterScaup estab- BGI) andone along L. Erieat recordsof KingRails were nor- tions. Late migrantsincluded lisheda noteworthyinland flock HeadlandsS.P. Mar. 31, in asso- mal for recentyears, with the Illinoissingles at CarthageL. at Clinton, IA, Mar. 21 (PP). ciation with a movement of 305 earliestat Schell-OsageW.M.A., June7 (AStet al.) and Spfld. The two winteringHarlequin TurkeyVultures (RHn, LR).An MO, Apr.7 (LM). The largest May 24 (DB), plus flocksof Ducks at Cleveland were earlyOsprey in Franklin,OH, concentrationsof migrant rails seven to 14 in Missouri and Iowa observedthrough Apr. 7. A poor Mar.9 (MG) precededa typical were 18 Virginiasat Illinois through May 14-17. Snow flightof Oldsquawproduced a migration.This spring's raptori- BeachS.E, IL, May 4 OS,JN) Geeseappeared in typicalnum- maximum of two on the Great al highlightwas provided by an and55 Sofasat UnionSlough bers,with maximaof 200,000 in Lakes and three or fewer at 7 Am. Swallow-tailed Kite N.W.R., IA, May 7 (MK). An w. Iowa, 3300 in Illinois, and inland sites. Two Black Scoters migratingN overRockford May earlySofa returned to Arcola, IL, 700 in s.w. Indiana. Ross' Geese wereaccidental spring visitors to 16 (•JDo), Illinois' 3rd since Mar. 23 (RCh). Common wereclaimed to represent3-4% Montrose, IA, Mar. 30-31 1906.An unprecedentedmove- Moorhens remained scarce in of the Snow Goose flock in w. (•TK, tJFu). Surf Scotersare mentof MississippiKites in s.e. most areas.The only sizable Iowa,perhaps not an unrealistic increasingas springmigrants, Missouriproduced 300be•tween flightof SandhillCranes passed numbergiven their recent popu- possiblybecoming the most Donaldson Point and Wolf I. aroundL. MichiganMar. 22, lation increasesbut certainly numerous scoter in some areas. May 16, including150 in a with 1357 at Hammond, IN substantiallymore than ever Their Great Lakes maximum was quarter-mile stretch of the (JBv)and 1000 at Evergreen reportedon their winter range in 14on L. Eriein March.Migrant MississippiR. in New Madrid Park, IL. Extralimitalreports the c. United States.Elsewhere, a Surfswere also detected at a total 0Wi, LB). These numbers included 30 over McLean, IL, handful of Ross'Geese were scat- of 8 inlandsites in Illinois,Iowa, exceedprevious Regional maxi- Mar. 15 (fideVK),four or fewer tered acrossMissouri, while the Kentucky,and Ohio, with a max- maby a factorof ten.The only at sitesin Missouri,and three in fewIllinois migrants were noted imumof fourat LexingtonRes., extralimital MississippiKite Iowa. in February. KY,Apr. 21 (MF,fide BPB). The appearedin Knox, IL, May Duckmigration was already latestSurf lingered in Clark,OH, 17-29 (MB). A moderateflight SHOREBIRDS underwayas tile season began. May 17-20 (DO). In contrast, of N. Goshawks induded four Despite generally favorable Numbersremained depressed in only single White-wingedpast the IndianaDunes hawk- habitat,the shorebird migration most areas. Among puddle Scoterswere reported from the watchand 12 othersightings wasdisappointing. The earliest ducks, N. Pintails and Blue- Great Lakes, and one or two from the n. states. Lesser Golden-Plover returned wingedTeal were low, while N. appearedat singleinland sites in Where were the Broad- to Tuscola,IL, Mar. 9 (RCh), Shovelers and Gadwalls Missouri, Iowa, Ohio, and wingedHawks? The largest but sub-parnumbers peaked at improvedsomewhat. The most Illinois.Lingering ducks includ- reportedflock totalled only 130 only1000 in Illinois.Two early outstandingduck of the spring, a ed a.Corn. Goldeneye at Spfld. in Illinois.The rare dark morph SemipalmatedPlovers returned drakeGarganey was discovered through May 31 and a of Broad-wingedHawk was to Algona,IA, Apr. 1 (MK). in •odbury, IA, May 11 (tJP, Buffleheadthere until May 22 notedat IndianaDunes May 26 Eightrecords of PipingPlovers tBH et aL),furnishing the first (DB). (LH). A Swainsons Hawk from Iowa, Indiana, and Illinois stateand 2nd Regionalrecord returnedto Iowaby Mar. 25 and was fairly good for recent forthis Eurasian visitor. A pairof VULTURESTO CRANES wasfollowed by the expected springs.Since migrants are nor- Cinnamon Teal near Hawkwatchers in the Indiana smallnumbers passing through mally encounteredas singles, OwensboroApr. 6 (•MS, BM et Duneswimessed another good the w. states.Illinois reports four at Wankegan,IL, May 9 al.) were accidentalvisitors to flight,producing seasonal totals includedthe breedingpair in OS, JN) were unexpected. Kentucky.Elsewhere, 4 reports of 10 Bald Eagles,145 N. Kane,plus wandering Swainsons Amerian Avocets returned to from Iowa, 2 from Missouri,and Harriers,391 Sharp-shinneds,in Cook May 5 (WM) and Iowaby Apr. 8, but their passage Illinoissingles at SangchrisL. 38 CoopersHawks, 122 Red- RockfordMay 10-16 (JDo). waspoor, with a total of 4 reports Mar. 28-Apr. 1 (•DB) andnear shouldereds, and 938 Re& Other exrtalimital Swainsons from Illinois and Iowa; three GooseLake PrairieS.P. Apr. taileds(fide KB). The hawk Hawkspassed by MaumeeBay made the largest "flock." 7-21 (DJ, m.ob.) representedmigration was generally disap- S.EApr. 6 (•ES etaL),for Ohio's WanderingBlack-necked Stilts normal numbers for recent pointing elsewhere,as they 2nd confirmed record, and arebecoming a regularspring springs.Single Eur. Wigeon eitherbypassed the Regionor JohnsonBeach, IN, May5 (•KB phenomenon.This year'swere appearedat DelawareW.M.A., werenot detected passing over- etal.). A Rough-leggedHawk in singlesin •odbury, IA, Apr. OH, Mar.2 (BPj)and Riverton head. Kossuth,IA, May 20 (MK) was 6-14 (*BH, tm.ob.) and at W.M.A., IA, Mar. 6 (•SD etal.); Extralimital Black Vultures late. The 10 GoldenEagle S.C.R.May 17 (MR ph.).They they are casualto accidentalin were restricted to n.e. Ohio, records from Missouri, Iowa, remain accidental visitors to

ß Illinois,and Indiana represented every state, but their statusis a goodflight for thisincreasing clearly changing. species.Reports of 25+ Merlins Early migrantsincluded a includeda seasonal total of eight LesserYellowlegs in St. Charles, at the Indiana Dunes. The 30+ MO, Mar. 2 (JZ) andSolitary recordsof Peregrineswere high- Sandpiperin Warren,KY, Mar. lightedby four at S.C.1LMay 5 18 (MS, BM). A goodflight of (DE etal.). Willetsin lateApril and early Rail numbers improved May producedflocks of 60 at somewhat. The elusive Yellow CrabOrchard N.W. IL, IL Apr. Railwas represented by singles 28 (KM), 45 atKentucky L., KY, in Lagrange,IN, Apr. 6 (fide May 3 (MS, BM et al.), 40 at JCa),Jasper,MO, Apr. 13 (TB), S.C.R. May 3 (RB),35 at Colo, Fermi, IL, Apr. 14 (PK), and IA, May I (HZ, JFu),and 25 at MaleCinnamon Teal (froot left) with Green-winged and Blue-winged teal at Cook,IL, May 4 (VS). Equally SangchrisL, IL, Apr.26 (DB). GooseLake Prairie State Park, Illinois, April 10, 1991. elusive,Black Rail was accept- Smaller numbers were scattered Photograph/JoeB. Miloserich. ably documentedonly at acrossevery state except Ohio.

452 ßAmerican Birds,Fall 1991 Early Spotted Sandpipers andFermi, IL, Apr.7 (AStetal.), Michiganby Apr. 7. Theirnum- except for 20 Yellow-bellied returnedto KentuckyL., KY, perhapsassociated with a good berswere generally poor except Sapsuckersin St. Louis,MO, Mar. 13(J & PB)and Columbia, movement of Long-billed alongL. Michigan,where 194 Apr.4 (JZ) and 147 N. Flickers MO, Mar. 24 (PM). Upland Dowitchersin April and early weretallied at MichiganCity, at OttawaN.W.R., OH, Apr. 7 Sandpiperswere generally May. Long-billedsreturned to IN, Apr.20 (KB etal.)and 92 at (EP et al.). Flycatcherswere scarce. Whimbrel were limited Iowa and Missouriby Mar. Evanston,IL, Apr. 21 (EW). locally distributed,producing to a Great Lakes maximum of 23-25 and were fairly The onlyappreciable movement totals such as 144 E. Wood- e•ghtat Waukegan,IL, May 19 widespreadin April. The 75 at of Com.Terns produced 514+ at Pewees,120 Acadians,and 115 (DDz), and inlandsingles in Spfld.May 2 (DB) easilymade Wilmette, IL, May 19 (EW). Great Cresteds in Union, IL, lYebodbury,IA, May 13(•'JP) and the largestspring flock for Springmigrants have virtually May 4 (VK et al.), 11 Aldersin Summit, OH, May 17 (LR, Illinois.An earlyAm. Woodcock disappearedfrom L. Erie,where the Indiana Dunes May 29 JVp). The only Hudsonian returned to Urbana, IL, Feb. 8 they were once plentiful. A (LH), and 25 Leastsat Fox Godwit report e. of the (RCh). Early Wilson's Forster'sTern wasvery earlyat IslandPark, IN, May 9 (Haw) MississippiR. was of four at Phalaropesappeared in Iowaand Savanna,IL, Mar.23 (fideJDo). However,they were scarcein Spfld.May 13 (DB). Seventeen Missouriby Mar. 25-28. Red- Few Least Terns were encoun- other areas. Early migrants Marbled Godwits in St. Charles neckedPhalaropes were detected tered in their established breed- included Great Crested Apr. 27 (BW) representeda at 6 locationsin Iowa, Illinois, ingrange. Extralimital individu- Flycatchersat Hanson, KY, Apr modern high count for andIndiana, which is fairly typi- alswere six at LouisvilleMay 5 6 (fideJHn) and Dallas,MO, Missouri. They appearedin cal. Of these records, two in (LRa) and onenear Havana, IL, Apr. 12 (JHy). The only IowaApr. 6 andproduced scat- Gibson,IN, May 26 (GB) were May 25 0-MB, •'LA et al.). extralimitalW. Kingbirdwas teredreports of sevenor fewer farthest from their normal MigrantBlack Terns were plen- notedat Waukegan,IL, May 27 individuals. There was also one migrationcorridor. tifulonly along the w. marginof (DDz). The earliest Scissor- from Illinois. theRegion, with S.C.R. flocks of tailed Flycatcherreturned to Sanderlingswere very scarce, GULLS,TERNS 550+May 13and 450+ May 15 Newton,MO, Apr. 7 (LC), but a disturbingtrend that has been Laridsyielded few surprises.A (MR), aswell as a maximumof none wandered outside of apparentfor several years. Spring typical spring for Laughing 200 in n.w.Iowa. They were very Missourithis year. sightingsof W Sandpipersare Gullsbegan with oneat Spfld. scarce to absent e. of the Swallows produced many definitely increasing,perhaps Apr. 7 (DB). There were 4+ MississippiR. eady arrivalsbut few sizeable the resultof moreknowledge- recordsfrom L. Michigan,per- concentrations. The favorable able observers rather than haps4 adultsat Spfld.,one other CUCKOOS TO SWALLOWS weather did not force them to expandingnumbers. Small c. Illinoissighting, and 2 at Cuckoos were in improved congregateover lakes and numberswere detected in every Gibson,IN, May 25-26 (GB). numbers, with maxima of 15 marshes. Given the mild weather state.A LeastSandpiper at Buck Few Franldln's Gulls wandered e. Black-billeds at Potato Creek in earlyMarch, a PurpleMartin Creek S.P., OH, Mar. 9 (DO) of the MississippiR., although S.E,IN, May 11 (fideVR) and in KentuckyMar. 9 and Tree probablyoverwintered locally. onein SummitApr.8 (JVp,LR) 85 Yellow-billedsin Union, IL, Swallows in Indiana and Thisspecies returned early, with wasearly for Ohio. Always note- May 5 (DR, VK etal.).The only Missouri Mar. 2 were not unex- oneat Lakin Slough, IA, Mar.22 worthy inland, single imm. migrantBarn Owl wasreported pected.Early N. Rough-winged (SD) and 200+ at Reelfoot Little Gulls appearedin St. from n. Ohio. The last reminder Swallowsappeared in Taney, N.W.R., KY, April 1 (CP). Charles,MO, Apr.4 (DA et al.) of thiswinter's dismal flight of MO, Mar. 4 (JF), Louisville Baird'sSandpipers were reported and TazewelLIL, May 8-11 SnowyOwls was one in Daviess, Mar.23 (MS),and Spring Valley from Iowa by Mar. 11 and (KR, •'MB et al.). Little Gulls IN, Mar. 1 (fideJCa). Small W.M.A., OH, Mar. 30 (DD) peakedwith 150in Saline,MO, werenoted at singlesites on each numbersof migrantLong-eared BankSwallows in Marchare very Apr. 29 (TB). Scarcespring Great Lake, normal numbersfor Owls were discoveredin every unusual,such as singlesat migrantse. of theMississippi R., spring.Lingering gulls included stateexcept Kentucky. A fewN. SangchrisL., IL, Mar. 30 (DB singleBaird's were found at 2 a Thayer'sat ChicagoMay 18 Saw-whets were noted in the n. ph.) andBenton, MO, Mar. 31 sites in Illinois. The earliest (RHu), and one Thayer'sand states,including at leastfive in (PM). The earliest Cliff PectoralSandpiper returned to one Icelandat MichiganCity, the Clevelandarea. An early Swallowsappeared in Du Page, Iowaby Mar. 6. Improvednum- IN, Apr.20 (KB et al.). Inland Com. Nighthawkreturned to IL, Mar. 29 (DRi) and 7•ney, bersincluded flocks of 3000 near Lesser Black-backed Gulls are Jeerson,KY, Apr. 14 (FM). MO, Apr. 1 (PMa). A Barn Graysville,IN, Apr. 2-5 (AB) still unusual,with singlesat Their only sizableflight pro- Swallow was noted in Warren, and 1000-1370 in Missouri and Sabula, IA, Mar. 10 (•'JFu), duced 150 over St. Louis,MO, KY, Mar. 18 (MS, BM); others Illinois. RunnelIs WM.A., IA, Mar. 31 May 12 (JZ). Otherearly goat- returned to most states before A Stilt Sandpiperin Seneca, (P & RAph.), Pleasant Hill Res., suckers included a Chuck-will's- the end of the month. OH, Apr.9 (TBa)was very early. OH, Apr. 12-14 (•'KM ph.), widowin Grayson,KY, Apr. 6 A normalspring flight produced and Gibson,IN, Apr. 21 (GB). (KC1), a Whip-poor-will at CROWS TO a maximumof 59 at S.C.R.May There were also 2 records from Hanson,KY, Mar. 21 (fideJHn), SHRIKES 17 (MR) andscattered individu- L. Michigan. The latest and numerousarriving Whip- A FishCrow in Pike,MO, Apr alse. of theMississippi R. Buff- Glaucous Gulls remained on L. poor-willsApr. 3-7 acrossthe s. 21 (BS)was at then. edgeof its breasted Sandpipers were Michiganthrough Apr. 20-24. halfof the Region.Tallies of 20 establishedrange. A smallreturn restricted to the w. statesas wide- Threereports of GreatBlack- Chuck-will's-widows and 53 flight of Black-capped ly scatteredindividuals and backedGulls from L. Michigan Whip-poor-willsin Union,IL, Chickadeeswas evident Apr. 4 pairs.Three Ruffs were typical wastypical of recentyears. An May 4 (VK etal.) were notewor- alongthe Clevelandlakefront, for recentyears, with a female ad. Black-leggedKittiwake at thy. Earlyarrivals included six wherethey passed at a rateof 16 near Grayville,IN, Apr. 4-5 Schell-OsageW.M.A., MO, ChimneySwifts over Anna, IL, perhour (WK). CarolinaWrens (•'ABetal.), and males in Greene, Apr. 7 (CH et al., ph.) was Apr.5 (KMc),and Ruby-throat- continuedto improveat the n IA, May 26 (•-RM, •'MJ et al.) remarkable;this speciesis very ed Hummingbirdsin Taney, edgeof their rangeand were andKidron, OH, May 28 (EM, unusualin spring,when virtual- MO, Apr. 2 (JL) and Murray, noted n. to Cerro Gordo, IA BG1).Record-early Short-billed ly everyrecord has pertained to KY,Apr. 6 (WB). (JW). Encouragingnumbers of Dowitchersappeared in St. immatures. Migrantwoodpeckers move- Bewick'sWrens were found, the Charles,MO, Apr.4 (DA, JVB) CaspianTerns returned to L. ments were not impressive most since the 1970s. Missouri

Volume 45, Number 3' 453 records•ncluded 3 s•ghungsout- m•grantsthrough w. M•ssoun, Lakes,KY, Apr. 12-13 (J & PB) RockRes., IA, May 7 (TS ph., side the establishednesting sixSprague's Pipits were found and SangchrisL., IL, Apr. 17 ?m.ob.)and Mendota, IL, May range.There were seven records in Jasperand BartonApr. 13 (DB), Orange-crownedsin 10-11 (MN, ]'m.ob.).They are from Illinois, beginningwith (TB). TwoBohemian Waxwings Missouriand IllinoisApr. 5-6, accidentalvisitors to both states, one at Spfid. Mar. 24 (DB). lingered in n.w. Iowa at and N. Parulasin Barry,MO, and there are very few firm Singlewrens were also discov- CherokeeMar. 24 (DBi). Cedar Mar. 25 (VJ), Cave City, KY, springrecords from the Region ered at 2 Kentuckylocations, Waxwingswere generally scarce Mar. 28 (MSt), andSpfld. Mar. A Rose-breasted Grosbeak in while Iowa records consisted of in March and April, but good 28 (DB). An impressive233 Taney,MO, Apr. 5 (JHy) was up to threeat ShimekS.E Apr. numberspassed through every Yellow Warblers were tallied at early;a remarkable134 were tal- 28-May 4 (TK et al.), one at statein May.After fairly good PotatoCreek S.P., IN, May 11 liedin Union,IL, May 4. Blue BurlingtonApr. 27 0'JFu) and numbersof N. Shrikesappeared (fideVR).A Black-throatedBlue Grosbeakscontinued their range anotherat ShenandoahMay 8 thiswinter, there were 12 reports Warblerin BarryMay 4 (VJ)was expansion,with records north to (]'JB).Let's hope this trend con- from the n. states in March. The very unusualin s.w.Missouri. both Great Lakes and 09Vrien tinues. Early House Wrens statusof LoggerheadShrikes An earlymovement of Black- and Lee, IA. Dickcissels at appearedin moststates by Apr. remainedunchanged, with only throatedGreen Warblers pro- Charleston,MO, Mar. 6 (N & 1-7. A MarshWren at Spring 5 reportsoutside established duced singles at LouisvilleApr. 6 JH etal.) andnear Truman Res., Valley W.M.A., OH, Apr. 6 range,no causefor celebration (MS) and Decatur,IL, Apr. 7 MO, Mar. 10 (LM etal.)proba- (LG) mayhave wintered locally. for a speciesthat hasbecome (MD). blywintered locally. Ruby-crowned Kinglets veryscarce in manyareas. A Townsend's Warbler In general,the passageof appearedin better numbers, describedfrom SiouxCity, IA, sparrowswas mediocre, continu- peakingwith 80 at Call S.P.,IA, VIREOS,WARBLERS May 11(•BGa) was unexpected; ing the trendof recentyears May 4 (MK) and 30-50 else- Bothgroups were characterized most of thefew previous records SingleAm. Tree Sparrowsat where.The earliestBlue-gray by numerous record-earlyhave been in fall. Yellow-throat- SweetMarsh, IA, May 18 (?AJ) Gnatcatchers returned to Illinois arrivalsin lateMarch and early ed Warblersreturned to Taney, and•odbury, IA, May 14 (BH) and Missouriby Mar. 27-30. April,but thebulk of theflight MO, Mar. 24 (B & KJ) andwere were very late. Chipping Their numbers continued to occurredon time. Someearly widespreadby Apr. 6-7. They Sparrowsreturned to Taney, •mprove,but reportsof 10-30 recordsare citedbelow; space continuedto spreadnorthward, MO, Mar. 4 (JHy), and most fromthe n. edgeof theRegion limitswill not permitthem all. the most notable record of two other areas before the end of the weredwarfed by 400 in Union, Themost pronounced flight was in Clay, IA, May 4 (?LS). month.An impressive52 Clay- IL, May4 (VK etal.)and 105 in evidentin s. IllinoisMay 4, pro- MigrantPine Warblers were evi- coloredSparrows were tallied in Johnson,IL, Apr.20 (RP). ducingtotals such as 216 White- dent in St. Louis, MO, Mar. 2 •odbury,IA, May5 (BE).Ten The mostcoveted passerine eyedVireos, 81 Yellow-throated(JC etal.). Otherearly warblers reportsfrom Illinois made a of the seasonmust have been the Vireos, 182 Red-eyedVireos, included Palm and Cerulean in goodspring flight, but none was Northern Wheatear in Gibson, 396 TennesseeWarblers, 89 N. Jackson,IL, Apr.8 (KMc);Black- detected farther east. The 65 IN, Mar.31-Apr. 6 (]'GB,m.ob. Parulas,81 Chestnut-sidedWar- and-whitesin Du Page,IL, Mar. VesperSparrows at Schell-Osage ph.), furnishingthe first state biers,41 Bay-breastedWarblers, 26 (fideEW)and Spfld. Mar. 29 W.M.A., MO, Mar. 31 (PM) and3rd Regionalrecord of this 160 BlackpollWarblers, 128 (DB); and Prothonotaryat representedgood numbers for attractivethrush. Perhaps it was ProthonotaryWarblers, 104 Hinsdale,IL, Apr. 6 (ASt). A recentyears. A LarkSparrow at the sameindividual that passed Worm-eatingWarblers, 55 N. Worm-eating Warbler was Woodburn,Apr. 28 wasunex- throughIllinois last fall. Early Waterthrushes,255 Kentucky unusual in n. Iowa at Call S.P. pectedin n.e. Indiana(Haw) migrant thrushesincluded a Warblers,and 67 Yellow-breast- May 13-14 (MK). An Ovenbird Except for 40 Grasshopper Veeryin St.Louis, MO, Apr. 18 ed Chats in Union (VK et al.). at LouisvilleMar. 19 (BSh) was Sparrowsin Morgan,MO, Apr (JZ) and Swainson'sat Land- The sameflight in the Chicago remarkablyearly and suggested27 (JHy,JVi), themovement of between-the-Lakes,KY, Apr. 13 area produced 10 Orange- thepossibility of localwintering. grasslandsparrows was disap- (J & PB). As usual,this group crowneds,319 Yellow-rumpeds,Louisiana Waterthrushes pointing. Early Henslow's received mixed reports. and 213 Palm Warblers. Similar returnedto ShimekS.E, IA, by Sparrows were noted at Substantialnumbers passed over movements were not evident Mar.30 (SD). Unexpectedin w. Rockford,IL, Apr. 6 (JDo), Missourithe eveningof May elsewhereon that date. Iowawas a KentuckyWarbler in ChicagoApr. 7 (EW), and 10-11, but the onlyconcentra- Early White-eyed Vireos •odbury May 11 (JP, BH). Hockin•OH, Apr.8 (Fry).The tionson theground appeared in returned to Pomona, IL, Mar. 27 AnotherKentucky was an early expectedsmall numbers of Le Union, IL, May 4, with 73 (KMc) andnear Henderson, KY, migrant at ChicagoApr. 12 Conte's Sparrows passed Veeries,391 Gray-cheekeds, 552 Apr. 6 (MS, BM). Bell'sVireos (HR). Remarkably early through Illinois, Iowa, and Swainson's, and 171 Wood werereported in normalnum- Hooded Warblers returned to St. Missouri. Single Sharp-tailed thrushes(VK etal.). Threewin- bers,including widely scattered Louis,MO, Mar. 31-Apr.4 (KC Sparrowswere noted at a totalof tering Varied Thrushesin n. pairsat traditionalsites in thee. etal.) andHopkins, KY, Apr. 9 5 sitesin Iowa,Illinois, and Ohio Illinoiswere last reported Mar. states.Other early vireos includ- (JHn). May 16-26, typicalnumbers 23-28. Anotherwas reportedly ed Yellow-throateds in Union, and dates for this overlooked killedby a cat in Mentor,OH, IL, Apr. 10 (KMc) and TANAGBISTO spring migrant. Peak move- Apr. 16 (fide CFj), the first Charleston,IL, Apr. 7 (BHu), FINCHES ments of White-throated springmigrant reported from threeWarblings in Union,IL, Summerand Scarlettanagers Sparrowsproduced 500 at St that state. Migrant mimids Apr. 10 (KMc), andfour Red- joinedthe earlyarrivals, with Louis,MO, Apr. 26 (BB, BK) •ncludedamaximum of 40 Gray eyedsin Barry,MO, Apr. 11 many recordsApr. 13-18. A andan equal number in O'Brien, Catbirds in n. Illinois and con- (VJ). SummerTanager was unusual in IA, Apr.30 (JVD).The prize for centrations of 40-46 Brown A Blue-wingedWarbler in w. Iowaat SiouxCity May 11 the rarestsparrow was captured Thrashers in Missouri and Pomona,IL, Apr. 10 wasearly (Jp,BH). The largeflight in s. by the Golden-crowned Illinois. (KMc).Fairly good numbers of IllinoisMay 4 producedimpres- Sparrowat Chicago Apr. 23 (EL, AmericanPipits produced a Golden-wingedWarblers were sive totals of 105 Summers and ]'m.ob.),furnishing Illinois' 2nd maximumof 300+in Kentucky toppedby 31 in Union,IL, May 108Scarlets in Union(VK etaL ). recordof a springmigrant. The anda latemigrant at Cleveland 4. Otherearly warblers included However,the realsurprises were onlyHarris' Sparrow e. of the May 27 (TL). Rarebut regular Tennesseesat Land-between-the singleWestern Tanagers at Red MississippiR. appeared in

454 AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 Illinois, but 55 were noted at HeadlandsS.P., OH, May 11 reports.E & R. Allen, D. Kiwi, W. Klamm, V. Kleen, B. Schell-OsageWM.A., MO, (REIn). Anderson,H. Armstrong,L. Kleiger,E. Latturner,T. LePage, Mar. 31 (PM), wherethey are After a dismal winter, the Augustine,T. Barksdale,T. J. Long,E Mahnkey(PMa), E regularmigrants. A Dark-eyed finch flight was nonexistent. Bartlett (TBa), M. Baum,J. & P. Mansmith, W. Marcisz, P. Juncolingered at Headlands PurpleFinches elicited mixed Bell, R. Bell, Carl Bendoff McKenzie, K. McMullen S.E, OH, throughMay 26 (IK, reports,with no more than (Iowa), D. Bierman (DBi), D. (KMc), K. Metcalf,E. Miller, J. m.ob.).Lapland Longspurs were 10-25 in anystate. Small num- Bohlen, J. Bower (JBw), G. Milosevich, B. Monroe, L. noted in below-normal numbers bers of Red Crossbills were scat- Bowman,B. Boyce,J. Braley,W. Moore, R. Myers,J. Neal, M. exceptfor 2000 in Fremont,IA, tered across the n. states. The Brines, Ken Brock (n.w. Neff, D. Overacker, B. & L. Mar. 15 (SD). A Smith's largestflock totalled39+ in Indiana), S. & 1. Brown (S & Padelford,R. Palmer,B. Palmer- Longspurat ClevelandApr. 6 Hocking,OH (Fry),where they JBr),Alan Brunet(Indiana), L. Ball (BPB),B. Peterjohn(BPj), (tRHn) waswell e. of itsnormal lingeredto June with no sign of Burger,J. Castrale(JCa), J. P. Petersen, C. Peterson, E. rangeand provided one of few nesting.They werealso noted Chain, R. Chapel (RCh), L. Pierce,J. Porter(JPo), J. Probst, recent recordsfor Ohio. throughMay 22 in Cherokee, IA Childers, IC Clay (KCI), K. L. Rauth (LRa), D. Richards Bobolinks appear to be (DBi). The onlyWhite-winged Cohen, A. Contreras, M. (DRi), L. Richardson(LRi), K. declining.Except for 240 at one Crossbillwas reportedfrom Corder, M. Deaton, D. Diaz Richmond, V. Riemenschneider, c. Illinois site, few flockswere MasonCity, IA, Mar. 4 (RG). (DDz), J. Dinsmore, S. Mark Robbins (Missouri), D. reported.Yellow-headed Black- Mostareas were visited by only Dinsmore, D. Dister, J. Robinson,Larry Rosche (Ohio), birds returned to Iowa and smallnumbers of Pine Siskins,if Donaldson(JDo), D. Easterla, H. Rylaarsdam,T. Schantz,E. Illinois by Mar. 21-22. Most theyappeared at all. However, B.Engebretsen, J. Fitzgerald, C. Schlabach, L. Schoenewe, V. reportswere from theirestab- "goodnumbers" were reported Fjeldstadt(CFj), M. Flynn,J. Schwartz,B. Shannon(BSh), J. lishedrange, except for singles at from c. LakeErie in May, and Fry (Fry), Jim Fuller (JFu) Solum, Anne Stamm 3 locationsin c. Illinois. In Iowa, 200 weretallied at Burlington, (Iowa),L. Gara,B. Garthright (Kentucky), M. Stinson, A. Great-tailed Grackles are IA, Apr.27 (JFu).Even after this (BGa), B. Glick (BGI), R. Stokie (ASt), M. Sturgeon restricted to the s.w. and w.c. dismal flight, a few pairs Goranson, J. Greer, M. (MS0, B. Sullivan(BS), J. Van counties.They returnedto the remainedto attempt nesting. Gustafson,N. & J. Halter, J. Benthuysen (JVB), J. MissouriValley Mar. 30 (BH, EveningGrosbeaks were widely Hancock(JHn), R. Hannikman Vanderpoel(JVp), J. Van Dyk JP)and appeared at 5 otherloca- scatteredin Illinois,Kentucky, (RHn), J. Haw (Haw), J. Hayes (JVD), J. Vickery (JVi), J. tions, with a maximum of 12 and Ohio, with a maximumof (JHy), R. Healy,J. Hilsabeck Walater, Eric Walters (Illinois), pairsat GooseL. (SD). The 72 in Hocking,OH. (JHi), L. Hinchman,C. Hobbs, B. Wetterorb, Z. Williams, J. expectednumbers were also R. Hughes(RHu), B. Hunt Wilson, (JWi), L. Yoder, H. noted in w. Missouri. Peakoriole Contributors: (State editors in (BHu), B. Huser,M. Jackson,V. Zalatel, J. ZieboI.--BRUCE movements produced 140 boldface)Many personsnot Jenkins,A. Johnson,B. & K. PETERJOHN, Patuxent Orchardsin Union,IL, May 4 individuallyacknowledged sub- Johnson,D. Jones,P. Kasper, M. Wildlife Research Center, (VK et aL) and 75 Northernsat mitted notes for various state Kenwe, Tom Kent (Iowa), I. Laurel, MD 20708.

CENTRAL SOUTHERN ßCross Creeks NWR REGION -•: ...... • .... '• ßNashville .... • ßReelfoot I- •-• David P. Muth ßFayetteville J-DuckR.Unit TENNESSEE

ß Ft Smith • Memphis The dominantstory this spring ARKANSAS •.,'---',•W•tS../W,Whse•sr wasrain. From its epicenterat ß LittleRock ßSardis I_ New Orleans,the floodlapped out to the farthest corners of the Region.Virtually every report- I_.MillwocdWhiteRiverNWR MISSISSIPPI ßBirmingham ingstation was above normal for theyear by the end of May,but it seemed that New Orleans had beentransported to the tropics. As of May 31, the official National Weather Service sta- tion at the airport recorded •. A Jacksønt •Møntg ømery 60.51 inches,already greater thanthe average annual rainfall ß f:/.o... ..o..=^ of 59.74 inches! The official totalfor May was14.28 inches, '"1'•BatonRouge comparedto an averageof 5.07 CameronPar • ••'• ,n • inches. The all-time annual rainfall record for this station is --..J NewOr,eeF-p 85.30 inches in 1983, a record sureto crumble.(As I write this, the airporttotal stands at 83.02 inches.)Other stationsaround New Orleanswere already well Volume 45, Number 3- 455 above70 inchesby the end of birds, including Western Shelby,TN, Apr.2 wasunusual; Apr. 17 (CC, HC). Up to 14 May. Kingbirds,Western Tanagers, two lingereduntil Apr. 30 in Black-belliedWhistling-Ducks Although other Regional and Yellow-headedBlackbirds, coastalJackson, MS (m.ob.). were observedat L. Millwood, totalswere not so dramatic,the plus stellar rarities outlined A deadsubad. Masked Booby AR, Apr. 14-May 27. Cop-ula- rainfall affected migration below.It turnsout, though, that waspicked up on the beachin tion was noted on 2 occasions, Regionwideand had predictable those southeast winds were not Cameron,LA, May 19 (RDP, andbreeding issuspected (CM). results. Some shorebird areas theresuk of highpressure to our NN, GC); nearshorerecords of A lone Black-bellied was in a were flooded out but other areas northeast(a prescriptionfor non-storm-related live birds largeflock of Fulvous Whistling- werecreated, resulting in above- boredom), but the result of a remain almost nonexistent in Ducksin Acadia,LA, Apr. 13 averageinland sightingsof stronglow pressuresystem to Louisiana.An ad.Brown Booby (KVR), far from the now- waterbirds.Some lucky birders our southwest,parked just off flyingalong Navarre Beach was expected birds at Lacassine experienceda few old-fashioned the Texas-Mexico coast. This exceptionalin SantaRosa, FL, N.W.R. Two Ross' Geese were falloutsalong the coast,but systemmust have been drawing May 28 (BHS).Among several seen Feb. 21 and one Feb. 24 in manybirding trips were rained birdsin a bigcirde clear around reportsof migratingAm. White Tunica,MS (JRW). Three con- out.Terry Schiefer reports that it its center out over the Gulf and Pelicans inland, the most stituted a 3rd n.w. Arkansas rained for eight consecutivedepositing them on the south- impressivewere 1300 in 3 record at the Centerton Fish weekendsin Starkvilleduring westLouisiana coast. Perfecdy groupsin Arkadelphia,AR, Apr. HatcheryMar. 3 (SDi,JW). The themigration peak! obviousto us armchairmigra- 7 (HP, MP). news that Canada Geese were Weatherconditions that pro- tionanalysts. Yellow-crownedNight- Herons releasedalong the Mississippi ducedthe rain also brought mild aretransgulf migrants. It is not Gulf Coastby the Gameand to warm temperatures on gener- Abbreviations: uncommonto finda fewresting Fish Commissionin 1989, and ally strongsoutherly wind flow. p.a.(pending acceptance). in coastalwoods after their long thatflocks are seen there regular- This may have contributedto flight,but 300in a BaySt. Louis, ly OAT),may explain the recent the rashof earlysightings of LOONS 1'0 CLONES MS, woodland Mar. 16 was an rash of sightingsin New everythingfrom coastalwinter- A rare Red-throated Loon fin- amazingconcentration (MM). Orleans.Always a pleasure,a • ers inland to neotropical geredat DauphinI., AL, Apr. White Ibises were north and CinnamonTeal graced a flockof migrantson the coast.Still, it is 10-21 (J &JP, EC, DMi). Alate earlyin Arkansasand Tennessee, its more mundane relatives at hardto imaginehow our weath- reportwas receivedof a Red- showingsomething other than Sabine N.W.R., LA, Mar. 24 er conditions could have throated Loon at Britton Ford in theusual pattern of post-breed- (AWK, TSS, CB). One at influencedthe early arrivalof Henry,TN, Feb. 26 (PL, SF, ing dispersal.An adultwas way CentertonFish Hatchery,AR, South American winterers such DMy, JRW). The firstArkansas up in Lake, TN, Apr. 14 Mar. 23 was n.w. Arkansas'3rd asRe&eyed Vireos and Canada record of Pacific Loon was in (WGC). At L. Millwood, AR, (RHD, MM1). A pair was in Warblers. CleburneMay25-31 (D & B & fiveadults were found, also Apr. Fayetteville,AR, Apr. 7 (RF).An It neverseems to geteasier for 14,with up to 24 thereMay 19, ad. • Surf Scoter visited the Gulf Coastveterans to predict indicatingprobable local nesting Columbus,MS, sewageponds migrationfrom observed weath- (CM, m.ob.).Thirty adults were Apr. 14 (TLS), for a first area er,though most of uscan do a seenat L. Chicot,AR, May 7 spring record. Eight White- brilliantafter-the-fact analysis. (DRS),and 50 wereseen along wingedScoters flying W along The best fallout on the Alabama the MississippiR. in Phillips the surf line in Cameron, LA, coastwas the afternoon of April May 15 (HP,MP). GlossyIbises Mar. 29 (GB, CAB) were the 19. The daybegan sunny with are abundantin peninsular solereport of our rarest scoter. southwinds. Greg and Debra Florida and s.e. Louisiana,but The SpringHawkwatch at Jacksondecided to take advan- not normallyseen in spring Baton Rouge,LA, along the tageof unpromisingconditions betweenthe 2 areas.This year MississippiR., tallied2163 birds to go shopping.No weather one was in Hancock,MS, Mar. of 11 speciesin 36 hoursof developed,at the coastor off- 26 OAT,m.ob.), fourwere at Ft. observationMar. 18-Apr. 28 shore,so they were astonished to Walton Beach, FL, Mar. 30 (CF,JK}, summarizedbelow. returnto FortMorgan that after- (RAID,SD, WD, LH), and one noon to find migrantsevery- wasseen on BlakelyI. in Mobile where. Somethinglike that Bay,AL, Apr. 15 (GDJ, eta/.). Table 1. SpringHawkwatch 1991, seemsto defyeven ex post •cto Arkansas'6th and 7th confirmed BatonRouge, Louisiana. analysis. White-faced Ibises were discov- The days precedingthe eredat Centerton Fish Hatchery Species Total springmeeting of theLouisiana May 4-5 (KZ, MMI) and at L. Ornithological Society at MenaMay 5 (MMi, JAR,ph., Black Vulture 100 Cameronwere marked by strong m.ob.). TurkeyVulture 31 southeastwinds, a prescription A groupof nineapparently Osprey 10 for poor birding: transgulf wild and definitelyfree-flying Am. Swallow-tailed Kite 2 migrantsblown inland and cir- Mute Swansput in an unex- MississippiKite 127 cumgulfmigrants staying in plainedappearance in Jeerson, N. Harrier 2 Texas.The best one can hope for PacificLoon at GreersFerry, AL,Mar. 13 (RRS). Alate report Sharp-shinnedHawk 8 in suchconditions (if you can Arkansas,May 26, 1991. First was received of two imm. CoopersHawk 2 findany birds at all) is a fewmore state record.Photograph/ TundraSwans in lgOodruff,AR, Blackpolls,a few CapeMays, Max Padmr. Feb.16 (JRW).An imm.Tundra Red-shoulderedHawk 5 and Black-throatedBlues, and if Swan remained from winter in Broad-wingedHawk 1844 you are very lucky, a Black- BV,ph., m.ob.).Horned Grebes Oktibbeha,MS, Jan.24-Mar. 16 Red-tailed Hawk 18 whiskeredVireo. So, of course, were late at Sardis Waterfowl (TLS). Four were presentin Unidentified 14 there was an excellentfallout, Ref.,MS, Apr. 15 (GK,VT) and Haywooa•TN, until Mar. 6 Total 2163 characterizedby few eastern in Oktibbeha,MS, Apr. 18 (JRW).A FulvousWhistling- migrantsbut loadsof western (TLS). An Eared Grebe in Duckwasfar east in Jackson, MS,

456. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 An Osprey in coastal Ocean Springs,MS, Apr. 4 Cameron,LA, May 28 (AWK, (m.ob.) indicated successful, CAM) wasso late that the idea of early breeding. About 175 breedingmust be considered.northbound Sandhill Cranes Thiswould be a newbut plausi- were observed in 2 flocks Mar. 7 ble areafor Louisiana.Nesting in Putnam,TN (SJS). was confirmed at Sardis L., MS (GK, VT) and at Big Lake PLOVERS TO N.W.R., AR (HP, MP). An Am. HUMMINGBIRDS Swallow-tailed Kite was unusu- Four Black-bellied Plovers were ally far inland in Elmore,AL, inland raritiesat Muscle Shoals, Apr. 17 (IK). Black-shoulderedAL, May 6 (GDJ, BCG). Kite added itself to another state "Thousands" of Lesser Golden- listMay 20, whenone was seen Plovers were in fields around overDyersburg, TN 0WGC).It ReelfootL., TN, Mar. 23-Apr. hasnow been recorded in every 21 (WGC). One PipingPlover state in the Region. A at L. Millwood, AR, Apr. 12 MississippiKite at Withrow (CM) wasonly the 2nd spring SpringsS.E May 26 wasthe 5th record for that well-covered for n.w.Arkansas (MMI). location. Three to five at Sardis BaldEagles are being noted L., MS, May 34 (GK, SK, more commonly in coastal WMD) werealso quite a find. ImmatureBlack-legged Kittiwake (front center) with Laughing Gulls in A count of 506 Lesser Mississippisince a hackingpro- CameronParish, Louisiana, April 27, 1991. PhotograplVCecilKersting. grambegan on HornI. at Gulf Yellowlegsin Shelby,TN, Apr. IslandsN.S. just offshore OAT). 25 isimpressively high for a truly (Theremay have been two birds ph, p.a.L.O.S.B.R.C).Biloxi, In Arkansas,L. Millwoods first inland site, but 298 Solitary the 2nd day!)A peakcount of Mississippi'sperennial Lesser nestproduced at leastone eaglet Sandpipersat the sametime 210 Buff-breastedSandpipers in Black-backedGull put in thelast by Apr. 29 (CM). A pair in would be amazinganywhere the ricefields occurred in appearanceof its 8th winter Mar. Camden,AL, fledgedone bird (MGW, VR). Willetsshowed up LouisianaApr. 13 (KVR). A 16 (JAT). Great Black-backed Apr.8, thatstate's first successful inland in Tennessee,Mississippi, Ruff at (whereelse?) the Vincent Gulls werea first-yearbird at nestingsince 1962 (fideGDJ). and Louisiana. The only Ref. in I4rmillion, LA, Mar. 13 Pickwick Dam, TN, Mar. 2 Only oneSwainsons Hawk was HudsonianGodwit awayfrom (PC, GB) wasthe only report. (JRW,DMy); a 2nd-yearindi- reported,from Calcasieu,LA, s.w. Louisiana was from L. The speciesis becomingalmost vidual in Biloxi, MS, Mar. 16 Apr.13 (DP,LM, JV).AGolden Millwood, AR, May 5 (LA, (dareone say it?) regularin the (JAT); and an adult at Ft. Eaglewas very rare in J9CjSrson,CM). Like other lesscommon ricefields.Adding both dowitch- Morgan, AL, Mar. 21-Apr. 7 AL, Mar. 6 (AnM, m.ob.). The shorebirds, Marbled Godwits er speciesto thelist of unusual (GF,PB, m.ob.). The rarestgull provenanceof a Crested put in rareappearances inland inlandshorebird sightings from of theseason was a Black-legged Caracara near Alexandria, LA, and eastward. In Louisiana's allover the Region should not be Kittiwake at E. Jetty in Apr. 25 (JB) is unknown.The ricedrids,one was in Calcasieu surprising.Wilson's Phalarope Cameron,LA, Apr. 27 (PW,CS, speciesisrestricted in theRegion Apr. 29 (KVR, MCH, DPM) followed the pattern, being CK). A LeastTern at Gulfport to a minusculepopulation at and anotherin AcadiaMay 29 found at new locations and in on theMississippi coast Mar. 28 Gum Cove, extreme s.w. (KVR, TSS). Two at BeaverLake good numbersaround the (JAT) wassurprisingly early; a Louisiana, 100 mi from the Dam Site ParkApr. 13 repre- Region.Especially early was a bird in Desoto,MS, hardby the sighting. senteda veryrare spring sighting birdin nonbreedingplumage at Tennesseeborder, 350 min. of A BlackRail wascalling at and the 4th overall record and BatonRouge, LA, Mar. 7 (JVR, the coast,was at least a month nighton DauphinI., AL, Apr. firstfor springin n.w.Arkansas JMB). earlyMar. 31 (WMD, GBe). 8-12 (J & JP,m.ob.), another (MMI). Mississippi's2nd inland A subad.Pomafine Jaeger was Up to two Eur. Collared- tantalizinghint from one of the sightingcame in Laj•yetteApr. feedingon road-killsalong the Doveswere at Ft. Morgan,AL, Region'smost elusive visitors. A 14 (GK, SK, WMD). A com- beachhighway in Cameron,LA, Apr. 12-May 7 (JH, m.ob.). VirginiaRail wasunusual and mon sight on the Louisiana Apr.7 (MJM)!In general,gulls White-wingedDoves were well early for n.w. Arkansasat coast,the speciesbecomes less and ternsshowed a similarpat- eastat Ft. Morgan,AL, Apr. 27 CentertonFish HatcheryApr. common eastward. In Ahbama, tern to manyspecies of shore- (LRD) ande. ofDestin,FL, very 10 (MMI). More than 100 Soras three were seen on Little birds, being recorded at lateMay 22 (BLM). The pres- callingfrom a newlycreated Dauphin I. Apr. 12 (SWM, widespreadinland locations on enceof vocalizing White-winged freshwater marsh in Ocean VM), onewas on BlakelyI. just unusual dates and in unusual Doves in the town of Cameron, Springs,MS, in early April n. of thereApr. 23, andone (or numbers.Franklins Gulls put in LA, thisspring and last, plus the (m.ob.) indicatedthat someone the same)was nearbyon the a lacklustershowing in coastal testimonyof local townsfolk, did somethingright when they MobileCauseway Apr. 25 (GDJ s.w. Louisiana,where they are indicateshigh probabilitythat designedit. A PurpleGallinule etal. ) . expected,but put in a good the speciesis now breeding wasnorth near the Mississippi R. A Red Knot was unusual showingin theRegion's interior. there. Inca Doves may have in Dyer,TN, Apr.29 (WGC).A inland at the Vincent Ref. in One was at Grenada L., MS, attemptedbreeding at Peveto Com. Moorhenat BayouMeto I•rmillion, LA, Apr. 28 Apr. 28 (GK, SK), in Shelby, Beach woods in Cameron, LA W.M.A., AR, May 29 (MWh) (AWK), aswere Sandealings in TN, Mar. 20 (JRW) andMar. 24 (m.ob.). Five Inca Doves in suggestedthe possibility of local Thibodeaux,LA, May 12 (RB, (MLG); twowere found in Lake, extreme n.w. Louisiana at Oil breeding,as did a birdin Maury, GW) and in Drew,AR, Apr. 17 TN, May 7 (WGC). Possible Cityjanuary-Aprilmay indicate TN, May31 (SJS).AnAm. Coot (LA).For the 2nd year in a row,a first-yearLesser Black-backed another area ripe for colonNa- in the sameplace might also veryrare Curlew Sandpiper was Gulls were reported from tion (CMa). indicate a rare local breeder found at the incredible Vincent CameronApr.14(KVR, ph., p.a. Amongseveral unexpected (SJS).An ad.coot with a chickat Ref. in Vermilion, LA, May L.O.S.B.R.C.) and from Grand inlandreports of thespecies, the the new freshwater marsh in 13-14 (GB, CAB, ph., m.ob.). Isle,LA, May 26 (PW, CS, v.o., most astonishingwas Black-

Volume 45, Number 3.457 Apr. 8 (RRS, p.a.A.B.R.C.). nestbuilding in Oktibbeha,MS, Montevallo,Alabama's Calliope Mar. 22, only to seethe nest Hummingbirdwas last observed plowed under the next day Mar. 29 (RRS, seeAB 45:285). (TLS). This was the first evi- In Arkansas, the El Dorado denceof breedingfor the county. RufousHummingbird was last The speciesis probablya rare seenMar. 30 (Shug& Luvois breeder, sparingly eastward Shugart,seeAB45:285). x throughout much of the Region'sfarming area, as in FLYCATCHERS PutnamMay 21, and BedJ3ra• TO VIREOS TN, May 31 (SJS). Tree Olive-sidedFlycatchers are fairly Swallows returned to a tradition- rare spring migrantsin the al breedinglocation in Maury, Region. Five were found in TN, and were found in 2 new Tennessee:May 11 (RgVP, locationsin Putnam,TN (SJS). MLG) & 12 in Shelby(JRW, Early N. Rough-winged GWC), andthree separate indi- Swallows were detected in 3 viduals May 18-19 in Lake Alabamacounties: St. Clair(A & (GWC).One was reported from AM) and Baldwin(GDJ, DGJ), LouisianaApr. 29 in Cameron bothMar. 9; andPerry Mar. 11 (MCH, KVR, DPM). With the (GDJ, HHK). EarlyBank and exception of Acadian, Cliff swallows were well inland Empidonaxflycatcherstendto be in Oktibbeha, MS, Mar. 17 late migrants,and most pass Say'sPhoebe in DesotoCounty, (TLS). Five Cliff Swallowswere throughthe Regionin May, Mississippi,March 30,1991. Fourthstate record.PhotograplV evenearlier near the Mississippi when few fronts precipitateJ. R. Wilson. coastat PearlingtonMar. 12 migrants.Add in the fact that (JAT). few vocalize on the coast and 30-Apr.1 (JRW,ph., m.ob.).I Stedman found three territo- thatin springthey are in worn receiveda late reportof a Say's rial c• Bewick'sWrens in 3 mid- plumage,and some of themys- PhoebeinJefj•rson, AL, Sept. 19, dle Tennesseecounties in May, tery about their status is 1990(TAI). EarlyGreat Crested indicatingthe species still hangs explained.Still, surprisingly few Flycatcherswere in Iberville,LA, on as a breeder in scattered n. empidsare seen in spring,lead- Mar. 20 (JVR) and in Lowndes, partsof theRegion. House Wren Inca Doveat Oil City,northwestern ing to the suspicionthat most MS, Mar. 23 (TLS). A very wasearly in Shelby,TN, Mar.24 Louisiana,where five were present tendto bypass the Region. Thus, unusual Ash-throated duringspring 1991. Thismay rep- (JRW),late in •bster,MS, Apr. resentan area of northwardexpan- a daywhen all fivee. speciesof Flycatcher,especially for spring, 21 (TLS), and bred in sionfor the species. empidare identified (byvoice) is wasdiscovered Apr. 27 nearthe Birmingham,AL, where six Photograph/ClydeMassey. extraordinary,but that is just the beachat Holly Beach,Cameron, nestlingswere banded May 26 kindof dayGene Knight (with LA; thatday and the next, it fed (RRS).Blue-gray Gnatcatchers billed Cuckoosnesting in the Jeff Wilson)had May 11 in in the vicinityof an evenrarer werenorth early in Putnam,TN, swampsof theAtchafalaya Basin Desoto,MS. Other recordswere Couch's/TropicalKingbird, to Mar. 21 (SJS), with two in May 13-23 (GG, v.o.). Two (all vocalizing):Yellow-bdlied the ddight of the assembledOktibbeha and threein Lowhales, nestlingswere present May May 12 in Shelby,TN (JRW) membersof theL.O.S. (CS,PW, MS, Mar. 23 (TLS). A 13-14; the emptynest was col- andin Fayetteville,AR, May27 CK, ph., m.ob.).Up to three Swainsons Thrush and a Wood lectedMay 23 (*L.S.U.M.Z.). (MMI); a veryearly Acadian in more were in the area: two e. of Thrushwere both late migrants Exceptfor one isolated breeding Iberville,LA, April 7 (JVR);an the townof CameronApr. 27 in Cameron,LA, May 23 (JMB, recordfrom s. Texas, the species Alderin Cameron,LA, April 27 andone w. of HollyBeach Apr. JeB, SH). A healthy 70 hasnot beenrecorded breeding (TAP,, DPM, m.ob.) and in 28 (RJS, MW, RC) (p.a. LoggerheadShrikes were count- nearer than n.c. Texas, n.w. Shelby,TN, May12 (JRW); two L.O.S.B.R.C.).A strongmove- ed May 22-23 in Jackson,FL Arkansas,or n.e. Alabama. The Willow Flycatcherswere heard ment of W. Kingbirdswas (BHS). By contrast,diligent only report of Groove-billed in ShelbyApr.27 andon May 12 observed there the same week- searchingin 6 Arkansascounties Anis came from Grand Isle, LA, (JRW),and in JacksonMay 12 end.A GrayKingbird was very yieldedonly six individuals Mar. Mar. 30 (DPM, RDP). A • one was heard,while two were earlyat Ft. Pickens,FL, Mar.24 28-Apr. 24 (H & MP). LesserNighthawk there the seen at a breedinglocale in (OF, CT), wherethe spedes Whatever the causes of this sameday was the only one MauryMay 31 (SJS);two silent breeds.Another was farther west species'decline further north, reportedand was very early birds were identified as Least at Pascagoula,MS, Apr.22-23, shrikesseem to beholding their (DPM, RDP,JH, duB).A Corn. Flycatchersat Ft. Morgan,AL, wherethe species is uncommon own nearer the Gulf Coast. Nighthawk was early in Apr. 21 (JH, JuB) and in (CC, CD;JAT). Finally, one was White-eyedVireos joined the Monticdlo,AR, Mar. 27 (LA).A LauderdaleMay 17 (PDK).The seenon GrandIsle, LA, May 26, paradeof Gulf Coastwinterers Whip-poor-willwas quite early empid,if notthe bird, of thesea- wherethe speciesis very rare thatseemed to headN early.(It is in Oktibbeha, MS, Mar. 19 sonwas a "WesternFlycatcher" (PW, CS). Early Scissor-tailednot really knownwhether the (TLS). onSmith Ridge in Cameron,LA, Flycatchers reached the Blue-gray Gnatcatchersand Only one Buff-bdlied April 28 (KVR, TAP, MCH, Louisianacoast at oppositeends White-eyedVireos that winter Hummingbirdwas reported DPM). Taperecordings and the Mar. 30, at Grand Isle (DPM) in Gulf Coast woodlands are from Louisianathis spring, in spedmen(*L.S.U.M.Z.) will be and in Cameron(AWK, KD). A migrantsfrom farthernorth or New OrleansFeb. 16-Apr. 8 analyzedto determineif it wasa pairapparently returned Apr. 27 whether there is a more or less (DPM). Buff-bellied Hum- Cordilleranor a Pacific-slopeto the sametree wherethey residentpopulation. It maybe mingbirdfilled in the gapby flycatcher. unaccountablybred in Lauder- that some of our winterers and appearingfor indusionon the Mississippi's 4th Say's dale,AL, lastyear (PDK). breeders are the same birds and Alabamastate list at Ft. Morgan Phoebe was in Desoto Mar. A HornedLark attempted thatthe true neotropical[ 458 - American Birds,Fall 1991 migrantsbreed to the north.)A quitelate at WheelerN.W.R., La)•yette,MS, Mar. 23 (GK, A W. Tanager was an White-eyed Vireo reached AL, June2 (SWM). Cape May SK). A Black-and-whiteWarbler extremelyrare find on Dauphin Lafayette,MS, Mar. 23 (GK, Warblers were scarce in the e. wasvery late at GrandIsle, LA, I., AL, Apr. 20 (MLB, VB, p.a. SK), and another reached halfof the Region,where they May 25 (BMM, NN, RDP). A A.B.R.C.). In Cameron, LA, Putnam, TN, Mar. 27 (BHS, are regular.The springL.O.S. singingc• Worm-eatingWarbler there was a wave (or waves?)of SJS). Three Bell'sVireos were meetingtook place in Cameron, in Holmes,FL, May 24 (BHS) W TanagersApr. 27-May 5, reported.One was in Chicot, LA, theweekend of Apr.27-28, was the first breedingseason with up to threeat a timein the AR, Apr. 27 (MP, DRS). after severaldays of fierces.e. recordfor Florida outside nearby vicinityof the mulberrytrees Probablebreeders were in Shelby, winds,leading to predictionsby Okaloosa. A N. Waterthrush at near the town courthouse TN, in EnsleyMay 16 (JRW), unseasonedveterans of good Noxubee N.W.R., MS, Mar. 24 (m.ob.). Fifty to sixty Scadet and in GermantownMay 19 numbersof Cape May and (TLS)was so early as to suggest Tanagersin coastalHancock, (MLG). An earlymovement of Black-throated Blue warblers. A gulf coast wintering. A MS, Apr. 27 wasa goodcount. Yellow-throated Vireos was grandtotal of two CapeMays KentuckyWarbler was late in One wasvery !ate at GrandIsle, detected: one in New Orleans and zero Black-throated Blues Cameron,LA, May 18 (RDP) LA, May 26 (RDP) but not as Mar. 14 (DPM); anamazing 25 werefound by morethan 100 but was not as late as one there lateas one in Cameron,LA, June at St. JoeS.P., FL, Mar. 23 (R & observers (seasoned veterans June 4, 1990 (SWC, DLD). 3, 1990 (SWC, DLD). A Blue AI); oneup in Putnam,TN, the havelearned never to predict Thereis no appropriate breeding Grosbeakat Ft. Morgan,AL, same day (BHS); two at spring migration patterns). habitat on the immediate coast. Mar.9 wasso early as to suggest a Noxubee N.W.R., MS, Mar. 24 Along the rest of the coast, Mourning Warblers are winteringindividual. One at (TLS); and one at Devil'sDen Black-throated Blue Warblers decidedlyrare in Louisianain GrandIsle, LA, May26 (BMM, S.P.,AR, Mar. 25 (WFK etal.). weremore in evidence,high- spring.Only onewas reported, NN, GC, RDP), 100 mi from WarblingVireos are presum- lightedby 10-12at Ft. Morgan, Apr. 22 in Cameron(AWK, appropriatebreeding habitat, ablycircumgulfmigrants andare AL,Apr. 27 (fideGDJ) and eight JMB). Anotherlocal rarity was wasan extremelylate migrant. nowherecommon as spring at Ft. Pickens,FL, Apr.28 (FL, in Putnam,TN, May 10 (SJS, Six Dickcisselsin Tunica, MS, migrantsin the Region,though GF). BHS). Most unexpectedof all Mar. 2 (JRW) were no doubt their scarcityincreases as one An '•udubon's" Warbler, rare was a bird singing in wintering.This species put on a moveseast. A birdwas singing in anywherein the Region,was in Birmingham,AL, May 25 show,with large flocks along the Lauderdale,AL, Apr. 19 & 22 extreme n.w. Mississippi in (BCG, HHK, p.a.A.B.R.C.). coastfrom Florida to Mississippi (PDK), in an areawhere breed- DesotoMar. 13 (CB). The earli- The enigmatic Connecticut Apr.23-24 (v.o.). ing doesnot seemout of the est BlackburnJan Warbler was at Warblerpasses along its narrow Arkansas' earliest ever question.Five territorialmales Grand Isle, LA, Mar. 30 (DPM). corridor in the n.e. half of the Bachman'sSparrow was in Scott weres!.ngi.ng in3 mid-Tennessee The peak count was in Chicot, Regionalmost undetected each Mar. 13 (H & MP). A pair of counnesin May (SJS).Black- AR, Apr.27, whenan excellent spring.One malewas seen May Rufous-crownedSparrows on whiskered Vireos are rare and 10-12 of this sparsemigrant 16 in Putnam, TN (SJS). One Mt. Paul, AR, Mar. 3 was in a relativelysporadic spring over- were seen (H & MP, DRS, was seen and heard farther west new area(WMS, NB). A Harris' shootsto thegulf coast, becom- DAU). Sixteen singing c• than usual, in extreme n.w. Sparrowwas a veryrare visitor at ingmore scarce the farther west Cerulean Warblers in Putnam, Mississippiin DesotoMay 11 Ft. Morgan,AL, Mar. 19-May4 one goes.On the Floridapan- TN, May 19 (SJS)was a good (GK, JRW). The Canada (WF, m.ob.),also managing to handle,where the speciesis at numberfor this species,which Warbler, which winters in South set a late record for the state. leastregular, one wasin Gulf breedssparingly in then. partof America,is oneof the Regions Yellow-headed Blackbirds, BreezeApr. 20 (RAD) and theRegion. latestarriving migrants and is which can be fairly common anotherwas just w. of thereat Ft. Southernbreeding warblers alsofairly rare. But the species someyears and nearlyabsent PickensApr. 23 (FL,GF). A very generallyarrived early, in some followedthe trend this spring by othersin the w. part of the early one was reported for casessetting .records. Species showing up extremelyearly in Region,were well reported there DauphinI., AL,Apr. 6, tyingthe induded: N. Parula Feb. 19 at lberville,LA, Apr. 21 (JVR)and in lateApril. More unusual were earlyrecord for Alabama(HH). the Barataria Preserve in on SardisL., MS, Apr. 27 the followingrecords: an early Justacross the pass, Ft. Morgan Jeerson,LA (DPM) (seeAB (WMD). male in Leftore,MS, Mar. 20 hada rashof sightings:Apr. 7 45:285); Yellow-throated (RRS),Apr. 19 (BCG), May 4 Warbler Feb. 24, St. Charles,LA (PB, m.ob.),and May 7 (JH). (RDP); a fairly early Prairie The finalsighting, and farthest Warbler in Cameron,LA, Mar. west,was at GrandIsle, LA, May 30 (AWK); Black-and-white 8 (GS, AS, CS). Warblers at the Barataria PreserveinJe•rson, LA, Mar. 13 WARBI.leI• & 19 (DPM), at Noxubee 70 FINC#E$ N.W.R., MS, Mar. 15 (MC), Early Blue-wingedWarblers and in lberville, LA, Mar. 17 reached lberville, LA, Mar. 21 (JVR);Prothonotary Warbler in (JVR), setting a new early New OrleansMar. 17 (DPM); Louisianarecord, and Noxubee Worm-eatingWarbler in New N.W.R., MS, Mar. 24 (TLS). A Orleans Mar. 16, in Barataria NashvilleWarbler was very early Mar. 19 (DPM), andway up in in Cameron, LA, Mar. 24 Montgomery,AL, Mar.31 (LG); (AWtQ.The speciesis regular Swainson'sWarbler in Grant, throughw. Louisianain spring; AR, Apr.1 (H & MP); Louisiana but in s.e. Louisiana there were Waterthrush Mar. 17 in New only2 previousspring records, Orleans(DPM); and a Hooded so a bird at Grand Isle Mar. 30 Warbler in New Orleans Mar. 7 MaleRed Crossbill atNoxubee National Wildlife Refuge, Mississippi, wasearly and unexpected (RDP, (NN), which tied the earliest February1991. Althoughthe speciesis rare In the state, birdsremained at DPM). A MagnoliaWarbler was Louisiana record, and in this locationas late as April20. Photograph/JuliaBroyles.

Volume 45, Number 3 ß459 one(ErieApr. Tumlin,2 andRobertthree Barbour);Apr. 5 in Delmas,Davis,Kathryn Scott DingmanDragon, Charles(SDi), PRAIRIE Bolivar,Shelby,MS,TNApr. (JRW); 23 (NH); oneandin Donna(Louisiana),RobertL. H. Dittmann Doster, PROVINC[$ Ovc•',weekoks6thebehin• m' ~adofiaverage :kasapace, oneatSardis Apr.29 (GK, VT). Lucy R.Duncan, RobertA. REGION butthere were several remark- BronzedCowbirds remain quite Duncan (n.w. Florida), Scot ably early arrivalsifi each commonin s.c.Louisiana. Duncan, William Duncan, RudolfEKoesand province.Most of thesewere Alabama's4thBronzed Cowbird Owen Fang, Chuck Feerick, Peter Iaylor iiSøciatedwithshort-livedwarm wasat Ft. Morgan Apr. 11 (PB, ShawneenFinnegan, Gene spellS*The most :excel•U'o•l GF,FL, p.a.A.B.R.C.). Small Fleming, Roy Fuller, Will earlyBirds were: a Pied-billed flocksofShiny Cowbirds were Fullilove, Larry Gardella, Grebe.at.Wihni• Mar• 13 on DaupNnI. andat Ft.• MurrayL. Gardler,Ben C. Thecharacteroftheseasonvar- (RKo);a Greater Yelfowl•gs at Morgan,AL,beginning Apr.12 ' Garmon,GaryGraves, MarkA. iedmarkedly acrossthe Region. I:B•s. Mar., 10. (BA)• three (m.ob),for that state's 2nd Greene,Shannon Hackett, InManitoba, weatherwaserratic Semip•lmatcd Silndpipers at springshowing bythis less than DoloresHarrington, Laura from March toearly May, with Re•maApr. • (RKretal.) and welcomeguest. One was not far Helmuth,Nona Herbert, James several short-lived warmspells • Calidrid, pmbab!'y thisspecids, awayatFt. Walton Beach, FL, E HolmesSr., Jim Holmes, interspersed withlate snowfalls, ins.w. Manitqba.Apr. 6 (R& May4(RAD). AN. Oriole gath- Howard Horne, Thomas A. resultinginpronounced migra- TW) i a pector•.S•ndpiper near eringnesting material in Imhof,Richard &Ann Ingram, tion waves. Weather finally •ofiaApr. 6(TI-I); aFranldin's TNbodeaux,LA,May 19 (RB) Debra G. Jackson, Greg D. turnedconsistently warmon Gullat I.B•S. Mar. 21 (AK); waswells.ofthe known range of Jackson(Alabama), Wallace E May8. SouthernAlberta was threeTree: S•allows •en in a thisStedmanrarereported Louisiana possible breeder.new Kittinger,Keck, CecilPaul Kersting, D. Kittie,HelenJoeH. Maygenerally 10, aftercool andwNch very theredry unrilwere snowstormM• 'Mar.by the2•" Birdtail (PH); R.• breedinglocations in mid- Kleiman,Gene Knight,several sustained rainfalls. Loggerhead Shrike •t Regina Tennesseeaswell. ShannonKnight, Judy Knox Snowpack inthe Rockies was Apr.4 (RKr)iawarbling Viro Thereis notmuch to say (JKn),Andy W. Kratter,Ira morethan double normal levels at Medicine'Hat,AB,ihe 3rd aboutHouse Finch anymore Kupferburg, Paul Lehman, and persisted late. weekdfApril (DB)•anda Lark exceptthat it iseverywhere, is Frank Logan, Louisiana One interesting source of Spaff6watSpring Vailey, SK, beginningtobreed, and now OrnithologicalSociety,L.O.S. information tNsseason (and Apr..](FB). seemsanestablished partof the BirdRecords Committee, L.S.U. next) isan environmental survey Alsonoteworthy:- eight'Am: Region'savifauna. Red MuseumofZoology, Curtis A. atCanadian Forces Base Shilo, Bitterhs a-pumping nea•Spruce Crossbillscontinued theirwin- Marantz,Clyde Massey, S.W. an area ofundismrbed (atleast in Si•ing,-MB,Apr.5 (GH, RS); terinvasion (seeAB 45:286), McConnell, Vicki McConnell, : the agricultural sense)sandhills two TurkeyVuln• near with birdsremaining at MarilynMestayer, Martha and prairie incentral southem Drulfiheller, AB,Apr..21 (J& NoxubeeN.W.R., MS, until Milbum(MMi), Ann & Al Manitoba.George Holland has MM);OspreyatO.H.M,Apr.14 Apr.20 (fideTLS). Another Miller, Anna L. Miller, Dottie been conducting thebird survey (RKo);'32 Dunlins atWrybum? flockofsixwasinClay,MS, Apr. Miller(DMi), Charles Mills, workTop rarity-findinghonors SK,Apr. !9 (NP)• Herring Gull 20 (TLS).Nine were at a LoydMitchell, Mike Mlodinow this season goto Alberta's Joan at •nn[P•g Mar. 13 [RKo); and Clerburne,AR,feeder Apr. 26 (MMI),Burr L. Monroe, Gerry and Malcolm McDonald. Long-caredOwlnear Sundre, (H& MP, m.ob.), andabout five Morgan,MichaelJ. Musumeche, i AB,a Mar. 9 (A &JG): werein GrantApr. 27 (WMS, B. Mac Myers, Dollyann Myers Abbr•iation$: I.B.S.(Inglewood Apart from apreponderance NB).In Germantown,TN,a (DMy),Norton Nelkin, Helen Bird Sanctuar3Ca•gary); ofbirds associated with•ater, flockseen May 23-26 included & MaxParker (Arkansas), O.H.M. (Oak Hammock Marsh there was no obvious pattern t9 twojuveniles stillbeing fed, for a TheodoreA. Parker,Dave WildlipManagementArea,MB). theseearly occurrences, wNch firstw. Tennesseebreeding Patton, R.W. Perpies, T David spannedtheRegion andmuch •ig record(m.ob.). A fewPine Pitts,Jackie Porter, John Porter, ltle•0•$1'0 theseason. TheTurkey Vulture Siskinswere reported intoMay R.D.Purrington, J.Van Remsen, F•LCON$ reportswere interesting since in Arkansas,Tennessee, and, VirginiaReynolds, JoAnne Rife, FourGreat Egrets were seen in thisspecies regularly reachds s.e: especially,n.Alabama (toMay KennethV.Rosenberg, Martha Manitoba, onewas atBeaverhill Manitoba inearly April but'is 27RRS). Sargent,Robert R. Sargent,L., AB, May 30 (JHe), and one rarelyseen before May TerenceLee Schiefer (interior at KatepwaL., SK, May 31 Alberta. Subregionaleditors (boldface) Mississippi), John Sevenair,(RHo). A SnowyEgret was pho- and observers:Alabama Bird WilliamM. Shepherd,T. Scott tographedat Elm Creek, MB, RecordsCommittee, Alabama Sillett,Don R. Simons,Al & May 11 (RTa).Alberta's first WhiteIbis, well described but OrnithologicalSociet% Leif GwenSmalley, Curt Sorrels,Little Blue Heron stayed near unconfirmednear the town of Anderson,Nigel Ball, John M. BarbaraH. Stedman, Stephen J. Brooks,May 19-25 (J & MM, ShoalLake, MB, May 9-11 Bates,Gilbert Beavers (GBe), Stedman,Ronald J. Stein, m.ob., ph.), while (CF)would be a Regionalfirst. RickBello, Christine Benson, i Charlie Tragic, Vic Theobald,Saskatchewan's 9thwasseen near EightWhite-faced Ibises made a MichaelL. Bierly, Vicki Bierly, i Judith A. Tonps(coastal Regina May 25 (L & SB).The goodcount atEtzicom Coulee, a PaulBierins, Jerry Bock (JeB), i Mississippi),D. A. Uhner, seasoh'sfirst Cattle Egret regularAlberta 1ocadon forthis JulieBoone (JuB), Jim Bondy, i Joseph Vallee, Don & BoVerser, appeared at O.H.M. May 11 species(BC,ET, RTh). George Broussard,Carolyn DavidE Vogt(mid Tennessee), (DF), afterwhich up to three Some1200 Tundra Swans Bullock, Charles A. Martha G. Waldron (w. wereseen regularly (m.ob.). A werein onefield at Olds,AB, Butterworth,Ralph Cambre, Tennessee), Phillip Wallace, Green-backed Heron near Apr.8 (DH),and tens of thou- StevenW. Cardiff(Louisiana), Melvin Weber,Mel White HodgevilleMay16-June1(MP, sandsofSnow Geese drew atten- EugeniaCarey, CNta & Hugh (MWh), J.R. Wilson,Jimmy m.ob.)was Saskatchewan's 10th; tion at BeaverNilL., Strome, Cassibry,C. L. Cauthron, Mario Woodward,Gary Worthington, in Manitoba,where this species and elsewhere e. of Edmonton Cohn-Haft,Paul Conover,Kris Zsykowski.--DAVID P. is more regular, singles appeared (GL). The highest count ofRoss' MargaretCopeland, Gay Craft, MUTH, 1617 CharItohDr., at PinawaMay 23 (PT)and St. Geesewas of 1400at Broderick W.G. Criswell,W. Marvin NewOrleans, LA70122. AdolpheMay 26 (AC).An ad. Res.,SK, May 6 (JR),and there

4•O- American Birds,Fall 1991 Gray Owl nestsfound in s.e. Manitoba were both later and morewidely dispersed than in recentyears (JD). Up to 18 courtingpairs of Short-eared Owlswere seen in a 12-square- mi areas. of Reginain April,but allhad disappeared byearly May (JT). NorthernSaw-whet Owls were"seemingly everywhere" in the Albertafoothills (RDi), but in s. Manitobathey were gener- ßThompson allyscarce except for anextraor- dinarycount of 33 callingalong MANITOBA a 20-milesurvey route in the /SASKATCHEWAN Marchand-Richerarea Apr. 5 ßBeaverhill L. (DF, WN). ACom. Poorwillwas pho- • L Winnipeg- tographedand videotaped in a :$BanffNat.Park Reginabackyard (TH, m.ob.) • (' ßCalgary beforebeing grievously injured LastSaskatoonMountainßL,• RidingThePasoNat.int•a•in Park by a cat; this was the first •_-,• LethebridgeSwift Cuerrenl Saskatchewanrecord away from ;.•-. the southwest. Two Lewis' OldWives L,eWey bum Bn•ndon Woodpeckerswere out-of-range in theCalgary area May 20-24 (F & HP, m.ob.)and May 26 (BSt,BM, m.ob.). In Manitoba, wereobservations from Calgary swiftlysouth in thespace of 10 QuillLakes, SK, was the largest singleRed-bellied Woodpeckers to Manitoba. minutes(RKo). shorebirdcount reported(PC, occurrednear Miami May 2 (JC) Alberta's5th Garganey,a At least25 Rough-leggedRKr). and at HeadingleyMay 15 male, was photographednear Hawks were in the Shanks L. Two ad. Mew Gulls at (BSh);we received a late report BrooksMay 18 (J & MM). A c• areas. of Lethbridge,AB, Apr. 7 CalgaryMay 5-8 (m.ob.)and a of Saskatchewan's5th at Cole- Eur.Wigeon was reported in the (T & DD, PT); thepeak count subadultnear Regina May 14 ville,December 1990 (BD, ph.). Qu'AppelleValley, SK, May 13 near Reginawas 34, Apr. 14 (RKr, PC) werelocally rare. At (WH), whileat leasteight were (JT); and a late individual least six Thayer'sGulls were FLYCATCHERS found at six Alberta locations remainedat O.H.M. until June noted in Saskatchewan,Apr. TO FINCHES (m.ob.).A c•Harlequin Duck at 1 (DF, RKo,PT). Discouraged23-May 14 (RKr,TH, SS).An A probable Sdssor-tailed SevenSisters Falls, MB, May from using their first-choicead. Lesser Black-backed Gull at Flycatcherwas found dead near 25-26 (DF, GG, PT) was the sprucetree, Medins chose a less theRegina cement plant slough IslandLake, MB, May 10 (fide 4th found in s.e. Manitoba in common(but moretraditional) Apr.25-28 wasthe 5th reported TW). Manitoba's first Clark's late spdng or summersince nestsite in a poplarbluff near and first confirmed in Nutcrackerin decadeswas fairly 1988. A c• Surf Scorer visited Kenaston,SK (PB). A dark- Saskatchewan(RKr, PC et al., welldescribed from a Winnipeg Lac des Arcs, 55 mi w. of morphGyrfalcon was very late ph.).One at ReginaBeach, Last feederMay 28 (E & NP, fide Calgary,May 25 (A &JG), anda nearRadville, SK, May 16 & 22 MountainL., May 2 was pre- RN). Red-breastedNuthatches BlackScorer at LockportApr. 11 (CB) and was one of few seen sumedto be the samebird (RKr, were extremelyscarce in s. providedonly the 2nd spring after the good early-winter DN). Another Lesser Black- Manitoba and not mentioned in recordin s.Manitoba (RKo). showing. backed Gull furnished the 3rd otherreports. Eastern Bluebirds At Grunthal, MB, five record for both I.B.S. and at 2 locationsin theQu'Appelle Ospreysdescended from great s'rltlS TO Alberta,May 7 (WS). ValleyMar. 23 wereearly and far heightto landbeside one small WOODPFCKER$ Six Glaucous Gulls were seen west(A & BB, JP). Alsoin the pondMay 5 (DF). At theend of A Black-neckedSdlt near Maple in Saskatchewanbetween Apr. 6 Qu'AppelleValley, a concentra- the earlyMay cold spell,110 Creek May 18 (SS) was and May 5 (RKr, PC, SS,DS), tion of 200-230 Mountain Sharp-shinnedHawks were Saskatchewan's13th; five were and one was near St. Ambroise, Bluebirds Mar. 16-17 was countedat Delta, MB (AC, LL). reportedin Alberta,including MB, May 18(RKo, GG). A first- exceptional(TR, PC) but was In Reginaa Red-shoulderedtwo early near Calgary Apr. 21 summer Great Black-backed cappedby a countof 350 during Hawk was well seen and (KI). Hudsonian Godwits were Gull, Saskatchewan's4th, was snoW weatherat Shilo, MB, described, but unconfirmed, the most numerous shorebirds carefullyobserved at Regina May 1 (GH). At least four Apr. 26 (RKr), Saskatchewan'snear Regina in April, with five May 5 (RKr).An ArcticTern was Townsend's Solitaires were 5th report.It was one of an alreadyon the 12thand a maxi- reportedwith Common and reportedin s. Saskatchewan unusual number of hawks, mum of 82 on the 25th (RKr, Forster's terns near Fort betweenApr. 20 andmid-May mainlyBroad-winged, that lin- TR). Overall, however, shore- Qu'Appelle,SK, May 18 (RHo). (m.ob.).Except for a grounding gered around Regina during birdmigration (or at leastshore- Pairs of Forster's Terns were of Swainsons Thrushes in inclementweather in lateApril bird stopover)appears to have noted beyond their Alberta Calgary May 22-25 (RDi), andearly May (RKr, LS). Similar beenpoor, with BeaverhillL. a breedingrange at FairviewMay Catharusthrush migration went weather prompted a reverse notable exception.Forty-five 16 and WinagamiL. May 17 largelyunnoticed. migrationof raptorsup the Red Buff-breastedSandpipers were OS). NorthernMockingbirds were R. in WinnipegMay 2: three the cream of 2000 shorebirds A dearthof N. Pygmy-Owls reportedfrom 5 locationsacross Ospreys,an adult BaldEagle, thereMay 20 (TT). Eightthou- in theAlberta foothills iscausing s.Manitoba, May 9-22 (m.ob.), andtwo Coopers Hawks all flew sandRed-necked Phalaropes on someconcern (RDi). Ten Great and onewas in ReginaMay 9

Volume 45, Number 3 - 461 (SD);Calgary's wintering mock- ter untilApr. 17 (JHo).At least earlyas we canexpect in this er finallydeparted around May three House Finches visited NORTHERN Region.This movementwas 20 (fideRD).A verbalreport was Altona,MB, in April andMay northward to the Canadian bor- tantalizingof a SageThrasher (MK), and up to two visiteda GREATPLAINS derand nearly 1000 miles west seenby a groupof Minnesota Winnipegfeeder from May 28 to east, from Freezeout, birdersat Delta in May (fideEG). into June (DBu). A (3 House REGION Montana, to TewaukonN.W.R, At Shilo,45 Sprague'sPipits were Finchnear Water Valley, AB, David O. Lambeth North Dakota. Most reports foundMay 7-8 (GH). Apr. 14 was also noteworthy showed several first dates Warbler migration in s. (CH, DC, RDi). Common betweenMarch 8-12 as rising Manitoba was delayed by Redpollswere virtuallygone temperaturesand strong south- inclement weather, then was fromthe southby earlyApril, Mid-Aprilmay havebeen the easterlywinds created favorable concentratedin two main waves, suggestingthat few went much beginningof the end of the conditions.Among the early May 10-11 and 21-22. farthersouth last winter. A peak drought.But Carlson cautioned migrants were two soanng Highlightswere a Black-throat- countof about300 Evening thatwe should wait a yearbefore species:Sandhill Cranes March edBlue Warbler at DeltaMay 22 Grosbeaksin PinawaMay 4 declaringthe drought has "bro- 7 nearWestby, Montana (TN) (PG, SG),and two good counts (PT) wasthe only substantial ken," and Berkeycommented and March 9 in Morton, North of Black-throated Green concentrationreported. that "deador dyingtrees, the Dakota (JG), and American Warblers (DF): 22 at Hecla nearabsence of potholes,and White Pelicans March 10 at IslandP.E May 18, and 16 at Observers:(Subregional com- low lakes and reservoirs remind FreezeoutLake, Montana (CD) Birch Point May 20. An pilersin boldface)E. & J. us that the droughtwas quite Favorablemigratory con&- unconfirmed Hooded Warbler Adkins, B. & J. Anaka, Bruce recentif indeedit haspassed. It tionsprevailed from mid-March nearCraven, May 9 (WM) was Anderson, Dennis Baresco willbe some time before ground to theend of April,and numer- the 2nd reported in (DBa),EL. Beckie,Al & Betty wateris replenished." Because of ousvery early dates were record- Saskatchewan. Binnie,Carol Bjorklund, Flossie thelateness ofthe rains, migrant ed. Then the secondmajor ThreeScarlet Tanagers were Bogdan,Lionel & Stephan waterbirds were concentrated, Regionwidemovement came seenin Saskatchewan,at Moose Bonneville,Dan Bulloch(DBu), andthe distribution of breeding May 8-12, when nearlyone- JawMay 10-11 (E &JA),Regina John Christie,Paul Chytyk, birds,especially those preferring quarterof North Dakotas220 May 18-19 (PC, m.ob.),and ShirleyClark, Brooke Clibbon, wetlandsand wet meadows,will migrantspecies were first seen BlackstrapP.E May 18-20 (BG, Doug Collister, Andy continueto reflectdrought con- (seegraph). Many peak numbers MW, DF), and three were in Courcelles, Beth Dales, S. ditions for one more summer. were also recorded at this time ReginaMay 18 (TH, PC et al.). Dechka, Ross Dickson (RDi), Nevertheless,this Regionwas Thisdeluge of birds was set up by A 9 Black-headed Grosbeak Teresa& Doug Dolman,Ron exceptionallylush at the end of a 10-dayperiod of foulweather attendeda Headingleyfeeder Dueck (RDu), Jim Duncan, the period,and the prevailing Migrationwas at a virtualstand- May 12-13 (BSh,MS, RP). A DennisFast, CliffFindlay, Irvine feelingis that the droughtis still,and Skadsen reported that yearling(3 Lazuli Bunting visited Gardner, Ken Gardner, S. Gill, indeed behind us. 30+ Tree Swallowsat Waubay oneRegional compiler's garden Ed Gilroy, Bernie Gollop, Almostevery spring has peri- perishedfrom starvationand in WinnipegMay 11, muchto Angela& JeffGottfred, Gordon ods of strongmigration inter- exposure,many of them inside the chagrinof the other(RKo, Grieef, PaulaGrieef, R. Harms spersedwith dayswhen seem- nestboxes. Conditions improved m.ob.).A (3 IndigoBunting at (RHa), Wayne Harris, John inglynothing happens. This pat- May 8, andthe morning of May LivelongMay 17-18 provided Hartle(JHa), Jim Henry (JHe), ternwas particularly evident this 9 wasparticularly memorable as Saskatchewan's northwestern- Trevor Herriot, George spring,as illustratedby the severalcommon species, now mostrecord (SP, ph.). Holland, Bill Hooker, Ronald accompanyinggraph showing overdue, arrived in numbers A FieldSparrow sang at Shilo Hooper (RHo), Phil Horch, the numberof new species overnight.On May 8-12, several May 11 (GH), and 530 Vesper JeanHorton (JHo), Clay Hunt, recordedeach day in North speciesarrived near their "earliest Sparrowsconcentrated along KayIshii, Al Kimberley,Rudolf Dakota.Two migratorymove- ever"date; early-May migrants trailsthere during the late snow Koes (RKo), Robert Kreba ments,one early and the other such as Harris' and White- May 3 (GH). Male Lark (RKr), Mary Krueger,Harvey late,were particularly striking. crownedsparrows were seen for Buntingsoccurred out of range Lane, Lew Layman, Gerry The first such movement onlyfor a day or two. The arrivals at Good Spirit Lake EP., SK, Lunn, Joan & Malcolm occurredat the beginningof list wasvirtually complete, as May 14 (B & JA) and at Shilo McDonald,Bill McKitterick,W. migration,when 14 species onlyten or so species remained to May 22 (GH). A Golden- Mitchell,Dave Nadeau, Wayne arrived March 10-11, about as befound after May 12. crowned Sparrowvisited a Neily, Robert Nero, Robert Saskatoonfeeder May 8-9 Parsons,S. Pavka, Eva & Nadia TIMING OF SPRING ARRIVALS (RHa, SS, BG et al.); one at a Pip, J. Pollock,Nick Postey, In NORTH DAKOTA

Calgaryfeeder May 25-28 wasa Myrna Priebe,Fiona & Hoyt 20 rarespring sight (BH). A Dark- Purcell,Tom Riffel, J.E Roy, eyedJunco was well north at Flin Stan Shadick, Bob Shettler Flon,MB, byMar. 19 (JHa, fide (BSh), Martin Siepman,D. KG),and 1500 were seen along Silcox,L. Skulski,Wayne Smith, about 20 mi of roads near Richard Staniforth, John PinawaApr. 22 (PT). Steeves,Bob Storms (BSt), Peter '• 10 OrchardOrioles were report- Taylor,Robert Taylor (RTa), ed at 5 localities in s.e. RichardThomas (RTh), Terry Saskatchewan(fide RKr), and Thormin, JohnTriffo, Eric Tul}, onewas early at ShiloMay 14 Renee & Tom Will, M. Z (GH). A veryRosy Finch visited Williams, Ted Wilson.- RUDOLF E KOES, 135 a Calgaryfeeder with 11 Red 0 CrossbillsMay 24 (SC, RDi), RossmereCres., Winnipeg, MB I 10 20 I 10 20 I 10 20 and two Red Crossbillsvisited a R2K OG1 and PETER TAY- Brandon, MB, feederfrom win- LOR, Box 597, MB ROE 1LO. MARCH APRIL MAY

462 .AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 White-rumpedSandpipers in Clay May 15 (highestever), Dunlinin LakeApr. 15 (earliest ever),a Buff-breastedSandpiper in LakeMay 14 (rarein spring), ßShelby MedicineLake NWR UpperSouris •'• ßBowdo•n NWR ß NWR lyerNWR 3300Long-billed Dowitchers in LakeMay 8, and3100 Wilson's Phalaropesin KingsburyMay 7. GrandForks A territorial Marbled Godwit -'•'"-"--'• NORTHArrowwood /•GrealFalls MONTANA mso,• pair in Aurora,SD, May 31 (K. [• NWRFargo. l Nanney) was s. of the usual ß Lewistown Bismarck breedingrange. Additional earli- est-ever records included Baird's ,•Mj'iles Cily Heett•nger SandpiperMar. 16 in Yankton WaubayNWR ß (DSw), Short-billed Dowitcher

Oahe in ClayApril 20 (DSw), and Long-billedDowitcher Mar. 24 in Minnehaha(MSS). American SOUTH Woodcockyoung were seen in Sioux Fallse L-?:;:-'• •3'•:Rap d DAKOTA YanktonMay 24 (SVS). Black Hills In Montana, a LesserGolden- ß Lacreek NWR Yankt%n Ploverat FreezeoutMay 5-7 was thoughtto representthe form fidva(MS), and a SnowyPlover wasthere May 19 (?MS).A flock of 85 Whimbrels was at Bowdoin May 14 (KS); four Hudsonian WADERS TO countof 34 GreaterScaup was N.W.R., wherethey are being Godwitswere there Apr. 29 (DP). WATERFOWL reportedfor GrandForks, Apr. reintroduced;300 (3 Sharp- ThirteenRed Knots were feeding A totalof 20 SnowyEgrets in 18 (EF), and three were at Ft. tailed Grouse were counted on at MedicineLake May 22 (TN). South Dakota included 11 in PeckApr. 22 (CC). A 9 Surf leks there (PVN). SevenYellow A thousandStilt Sandpipers were KingsburyMay7 (SJD). A Little Scoterin Yankton,SD, May 13 Railsand 15 Soras were calling in onGoose Lake near Westby May BlueHeron was in DeuelApr.9 (SVS) was most unusual for bogsin McHenry,ND, May 22 5 (TN), and a similarnumber of (BKH, earliestever), and three spring.Male RuddyDucks with (GBB).A veryearly Whooping Red-neckedPhalaropes were at werein I•ngsburyMay15 (SJD). alldark heads were seen at Upper Cranewas flying with Sandhills FreezeoutMay 17 (MS). TrumpeterSwans are dispersing Souris, ND (GBB) and atWanbay N.W.R. Apr. 1. from Henry'sLake, ID, and at BowdoinN.W.R., MT (KS). Recordhigh counts of shore- GULLS TO OWLS leastseven appeared at Freezeout birds in North Dakota included A G•aucousGull waseating a Lake,MT (fideMS). Adverse •ORS 18Piping Plovers at L. IloMay 31 starlingatFt. PeckApr.14 (CC). weathercaused nearly 2.5 mil- An Ospreyat Ambrose,ND, (DJB), 325 Killdeerat Upper CaspianTerns were seen in low lion SnowGeese to pile up on Mar. 30 (TN) was North SourisApr. 6 (GBB), and 675 numbersin all 3 states;a pair both sidesof the border between Dakotasearliest ever. Two pairs Long-billed Dowitchers in exchanginga 6-inch fish at the DakotasMar. 26-Apr. 3, builtnests at Ft. Peck,MT (CC). McHenryMay 11 (REM). Very NelsonRes., MT, May 10was of whenrefuge personnel estimat- An impressive165 BaldEagles early arrivalsincluded three interest (DP). Common Terns ed 1.2 million at Sand Lake and were at Sand Lake N.W.R., SD, GreaterYellowlegs near Fortuna arrived Mar. 30 in Turner, SD 0.6 million at Tewaukon. Mar. 28 (KE). A kettle of 200 Mar. 8 (TN), a Hudsonian (JL), the earlieston record.Two Counts of Ross' Geese included Broad-wingedHawks in Custer, Godwitat Minot Apr. 12 (REM), BarnOwls wereseen in Jackson 26 at UpperSouris, ND, Apr.6 SD, May 2 (MP) wasmost sur- and Stilt Sandpipersat Fullers Apr.7 (KG).Several Long-eared (REM), 112in Lake,SD, Apr. prising,considering the westerly LakeApr. 27 (DLK).Among rar- Owlsresponded tocalls in l•ipp, 14 (SJD), and 14,000 at location,but this species breeds itieswere Whimbrels May 18 & SD, Mar. 30 (RP), while nests Freezeout,including eight of the in the nearbyBlack Hills. A 29 (EF,DOL) and 11 RedKnots werefound in Cass,ND, Mar. 31 rareblue-morph birds (MS). A FerruginousHawk was an earli- May23, allin GrandForks,and a (GEN) and Denbigh count of 105,000 Canada Geese est-ever nester in Faulk, SD, 9 Ruffat FargoMay 18 (GEN, ExperimentalForest Apr. 27 in McLean, ND, Mar. 29 was a Mar.27 (RPR).A Rough-leggedRHO, 6th staterecord). (GBB).Four of thisspecies were recordhigh (GBB). Hawkin FallRiver,SD, May 29 A Lesser Golden-Plover in seenin Chester,MT, Apr. 30 A EurasianWigeon was seen (RP) wasvery late. Reportsof lacksonMay 13 (KG)provided a (HM). Short-earedOwl num- in/bda• SD, Mar. 29 (?R& DR, PeregrineFalcon totaled 34 for first "west river' record in South bersmay be recoveringaround a firststate record if acceptedby the Region. Both reportsof Dakota.A SpottedSandpiper in Westby,MT (TN), perhaps S.D.O.R.C.), and another was Gyrfalconwere on Mar. 30, in YanktonApr. 2 (SVS)was South becauseof grasslandsin the at Freezeout,MT, Mar. 14 (MS). Warc• ND (GBB) and near Dakotas earliest ever. Extensive ConservationReserve Program The descriptionof a bird at Choteau,MT (MS). fieldworkby S.J. Dinsmore pro- (CC). A N. Saw-whetOwl was KellysSlough, ND, Apr. 13 vided the following notable bandedin Brown,SD, Mar. 28 (Eileen Schnaidt-Baker)was GROUSETO records for South Dakota: a (DT), and one wascalling at generallyconsistent with a male SHOREBIRDS Whimbrelin LakeMay 28, 346 Mirror Pool in Ransom,ND, of thisspecies, but the head was Chukarswere observed May 31 Hudsonian Godwits in one flock May 27 (GBB). not theexpected chestnut color. in LadlongL40 of Montana, in Kingsbury Apr. 27, Canvasbacksat L. I1o Mar. 19 wherethey have been present at Sanderlingsin KingsburyApr. 16 NIGHTJARSTO and Ring-neckedDucks at least 10 years(WR). Four (3 (earliest ever), a Red Knot in KINGLETS Garrison Dam Mar. 10 were the Greater Prairie-Chickens were LakeMay 8, fourW. SandpipersWhip-poor-wills were found at earliestever for North Dakota. A boomingApr. 5 at Arrowwood in KingsburyApr. 14, 3800 GrandForks Apr. 29 andMay 15

Volume45, Number3.463 (DOL), andin FargoMay 7 & 9 May 29 in Mercer,ND (REM), W. Tanagersin Meade(EEM) N. Orioles May 12, both ,n (LLF,GEN). Birdspossibly on and May 27-28 at Bowdoin and Brookings,SD (KK), both GrandForks (EF), supportthe territoryremained through the (KS)--a firstfor L9. A totalof 54 May 4, anda ScarletTanager w. impressionthat Orchard Orioles period at Sodak Park and Brown Thrashers was seen at of rangeat LaCreekN.WR May may becomeas common as HartfordBeach S.P., SD (BKH). GrandForks May 11 (EF). 16 (DSe).Was there a mid-May Northerns. Definite evidence of White-throated Swifts arrived BohemianWaxwings, scarce movement of N. Cardinals in nestingby HouseFinches was record-earlyApr. 5 in FallRiver, allwinter, were last seen Apr. 30 the e. Dakotas? The 4 observa- obtainedin Yankton(WH) and SD (RP). Both Calliope at BadlandsN.P. (JZ), latestever tionsoccurred May 10 & 15 in Minnehaha(JL), SD, andGrand Hummingbirdsand Dusky for SouthDakota. Loggerhead Grand Forks,and May 9 in Forksand Bismarck,ND (RR) Flycatcherswere describedas Shrikes are rather common in w. BrownandMay17 in Deuel,SD. Individuals were also found •n abundanton May 31 in thePryor NorthDakota, as evidenced by a Twoof thesewere singing males. isolated towns such as Zeeland Mts., MT (WR). Pileated daily countof 14 in Bowman A Black-headed Grosbeak was and New Town, ND. Carlson Woodpeckerswere observed in May 31 (REM). Bell'sVireo, foundMay 26 at theMirror Pool reportsthat HouseFinches are Lake,SD, a new location,and at whichis not onlyrare but a late Game ManagementArea in increasingat Ft. Peck,MT, but HartfordBeach S.P. A callingW. migrantas well, was seenin Ransom, ND (GBB). Lazuli thesebirds may represent east- Wood-Pewee on the w. bank of North Dakota at Bowman- Buntingse. of breedingrange ward expansionof the western the Red River near Grand Forks HaleyMay 23 (SM) and near occurred in mid-May in population.A Cassin'sFinch •n May 24-25 (DOL) furnisheda Solenin SiouxMay 29 (GBB). Jamestown,ND, and Brownand Custer,SD, Apr. 7 (MP) is not firstcounty record. An E. Phoebe South Dakotas earliest-ever Edmunds,SD. An Indigo surprising,but what mayhave ,n Union, SD, Mar. 26 (MSS) Yellow-throated Vireo nest was Buntingwas in MilesCity, MT, been North Dakotas first was ,n was the state'searliest ever. at HartfordBeach S.P. May 27 May 28 (PG). Rufous-sided FargoApr. 17-19 (VJS).The Purple Martins at Grand (JDW). Towheesof thespotted race were descriptionofa c• reddishfinch Forksarrived Apr. 18, disap- on territoryin lateMay in Pierce is most consistent with Cassin's pearedApr. 29-May 8, then WARBLERS and at Johnson'sGulch in As with other very unusual reappearedtoreoccupy the same Golden-wingedWarblers were Dickey,ND; bothsites are e. of records,the documentationwfil compartmentsthey had claimed seen May 10 in Minnehaha the known range(GBB). A bereviewed by the state's records earlier (DOL). A Violet-Green (AH), May 9, 12, & 17 at Fargo Green-tailed Towhee in Miles committee. Swallow was sighted among (RHO, D & DW), May 11 at City May 14 wasa firstfor L34 2200 Tree Swallowsat Upper GrandForks (EF), andMay 11 (DH), and theywere found in Cited observers: (State editors SourisApr. 28 (REM, GBB). at the Cross Ranch, ND (SG, the PryorMts. May 31, where in boldface.) MONTANA Cliff Swallowsarrived Apr. 12 in KJ). Tennessee Warblers, theywere expected. Charles Carlson, Clark Dirks, Lake,SD (SJD),earliest ever for extremelyvocal migrants at this Severalsparrows appeared Dale Hansen, Pat Gudmunsen, the state.Single Corn. Ravens latitude,may have numbered weeks before usual arrival, Harriet Marble, Ted were seenMar. 16 in Rolette,ND 10,000singing males within city includingChipping Sparrows in Nordhagen,Dwain Prellwitz, (GBB) and at Freezeout,MT. A limits of Grand ForksMay 15 Yankton Mar. 21 (SVS) and William Roney, Michael Rock Wren in Union County (DOL). Northern Parulaswere Bismarck Mar. 25 (MM); a Schwitters, Karen Stutzman S.P. was unusual that far e. in locatedin BrookingsMay 8 VesperSparrow at Westby,MT, NORTH DAKOTA: Gordon B SouthDakota (DSw). (BKH) and FargoMay 11-13 Mar. 5 (TN); a LarkBunting at Berkey,MaryA. Bergan,Don J (MAB, RHO). Two Black- AudubonN.WR., ND, Apr. 16 Bozovsky,Walt Fairbanks, Larry GNATCATCHERS throated Blue Warblers were rare (TK); anda FoxSparrow in Day L. Falk,Eve Freeberg, David & TO VIREOS findsin MinnehahaMay 19-20 Mar. 12 (EW), South Dakota's CarolynGriffiths, J. Gulke,J,11 For the 3rd consecutiveyear, (AH, MSS). Black-throated earliestever. High dailycounts O. Hersch, Terry Kostinec, Blue-grayGnatcatchers were Greenstied the record early date in North Dakota included 15 RandyKreil (RaK),Donald L seen at Fargo, May 10-20 for North Dakota Apr. 28 Lark SparrowsMay 2 and 46 Kubischta, David O. Lambeth, (m.ob.),fueling speculation that (RHO) and a latest-everdate of GrasshopperSparrows May 22, Ron E. Martin, Mike McKenna, theyare nesting nearby. Early E. May 30 in Brown,SD (banded, both in Grand Forks(EF), 12 SteveMillard, Laura E Mitchell, Bluebirdswere in YanktonApr.4 DT). Sharp-tailed Sparrows in Befijamin Nielsen, Gary E and Grand Forks Apr. 16. A Townsend's Warbler at Ft. McHenryMay22 (GBB),and 65 Nielsen, Paul Van Ningen, Mountain Bluebirds were mov- PeckMay 10 wasrare enough Fox Sparrowsin Grand Forks Robert H. O'Connor, Robert ingthrough Custer, SD, byMar. there to be a lifer for Chuck Apr. 19 (DOL). A Golden- Randall,VirginiaJ. Scheel, Mike 5 (MP); 2 pairs nesting at Carlson, while a Blackburnian crownedSparrow at Bowdoin R. Stroeh, Dennis & Diane IcelandicS.P., ND (LFM), fur- Warblerat BowdoinMay 23 was May 10 (KS)provided the 2nd Weisenborn. SOUTH DAKO- ther indicate their eastward newfor the refuge(KS). A Bay- refugerecord and about the 4th TA: Dennis R. Skadsen,Steven expansionof range.High counts breasted Warbler was far west at for Montana. Fifteen singing J. Dinsmore,Kim Eckert, Ken at Grand Forks included 212 HettingerMay 18 (D & CG). A McCown's Longspurs were Graupman,Willis Hall, Bruce Swainson'sThrushes May 5 (EF) singingProthonotary Warbler usingnative prairie in Bowman, K. Harris,Augie Hoeger,Jan and33 HermitThrushes Apr. 20 in GrandForks May 22 provided ND, May 31, andthat location Kieckhefer(JK), Jon Kieckhefer (DOLL A Wood Thrush in North Dakota's 6th record now appearsto be regularfor (JRK),Karla Kieckhefer, Robert Brown,SD, Apr. 12 wasearliest (DOL), a Yellow-throated them (GBB, REM). The 120 W. Kieckhefer,Jon Little, Ernest ever;20 reportedthere May 2 Warblerin BrookingsMay 19 Smith'sLongspurs in EdelyMay E. Miller,Marge Parker, Richard (JCS)are surely without prece- (JK, RWK) wasSouth Dakota's 5 (DLK) wasnot an unexpected Peterson,Richard & Dorothy dent in this Region.A Gray 3rd, and a Hooded Warbler in number,yet it is 10 timesNorth Rosche, Robert P Russell,Dan Catbird seen in Minnehaha Mar. BismarckMay 5 (RaK) was Dakota's previoushigh. An Severson (DSe), Steve Van 24 (JL)was South Dakota's earli- North Dakota's 10rh. incrediblyearly Bobolinkwas Sickle,Mark S. Skadsen, Jerry C estever by a month.Equally sur- reportedMar. 19 for Brookings,Stanford, David Swanson prisingwas a SageThrasher in TANAGERS SD (JRK). (DSw), Dan Tallman,J. Dav,d Fall River Mar. 25 (RP). TO FINCHES A W Meadowlarkat Long Williams, Eileen Williamson, Northern Mockingbirdswere Noteworthyoccurrences includ- LakeN.W.R. Mar. 4 wasearly Joe Zarki. DAVID O. LAM- foundMay 2 in Day,SD (JCS), ed a SummerTanager in Fargo (WF). Daily counts of 22 BETH, 1909 20th Avenue S, May 10-14 in Fargo(JOH), May 18-22 (AaronSevern, BN), OrchardOrioles May 28 and22 Grand Forks,ND 58201

464 American B•rds,Fall 1991 record in Kansas. One or two S--UTHERNGREAT eChadron femaleswere also identified in the ßValentine NWR groupof waterfowlcontaining PLAINSREGION NEBRASKA the male. An additional two ß Crescent Lake NWR Barrows were documented from (WIIR 1990-1991REPORT) Lake McConaughy JosephA. Grzybowski Keith,NE, Jan.12-13 (SD). HAWKS TO OWLS Typicallyirregular and poor rain- Kirwin NWRß Northern Goshawks were fallpatterns in fallmade for a typ- Manhattan. reportedfrom several localities in icallypatchy pattern of annual- .ws.KANSAS ßTopeka Kansas and at one from the cycleenvironments. Conditions ßCheyenne Bottoms Oklahoma panhandle. A FerruginousHawk was noted weregenerally cold in December • NWR ---"C andmild in Februaryover at least eastto Mayes,OK, Jan.3 (JM, the central portions of the JN). GoldenEagle reports were Region.Oklahoma experienced •Black Mesa more numerous this winter in droughtconditions for mostof Oklahoma and Kansas,with one the winter. east to Cherokee,OK, Feb. 7 Kansasbirders found the win- .•KLAHOM (DVa). Though primarily a ter exciting,while birdersin migrantin the Region,Kansas Nebraskahad little to report. observersnoted three Peregrine Raptornumbers were high in Falconsthis winter, including Kansasand northern Oklahoma. oneat CheyenneBottoms Jan. 1 Theseraptors and several records (SS, DS), one in RileyJan. 12 of very rare birds made a thisseries and provided the first thanMinnesota (fide LM). Ross' (DR), andone Jan. 16 inJef•rson mediocre season more interest- fully documentedrecord for Geesewere again discovered in (RR). One was also reported ing.Red Crossbills made a mod- Oklahoma.After a stunning133 l•goner,OK, Jan. 18 (JM etal.), fromOsage, OK, in earlyJanuary est eruptiveappearance, with Corn. Loons at Lake Tenkiller, and 16 were notedin Johnston, (fideDV). However,the jewel small numbers acrossOklahoma Sequoyah,OK, in February OK, Jan. 27 (KN). American amongraptors was a Gyrfalcon andKansas, but apparently not in 1990, 63 on Feb.9 (1991; MMI, BlackDucks were reported Dec. in Osage,OK (JCH, SM eta/.). Nebraska.In parallelwith the KZ) washigh but lessimpres- 7 at CheyenneBottoms (SS), Prairie Falcons occurred previouswinter, Pine Siskin and sive.Nonetheless, loons appear Feb. 9 in Linn, KS (LM, MM, throughoutKansas, with a high PurpleFinch numbers were again to be showingthat theyfavor GP), Feb. 10 in Tulsa(JCH) and 10 reportsfrom e. andc. Kansas unimprcssive,and Pine Siskin this clearwater lake in winter. Feb.18 & 26 in Mayes,OK (VJ, (fideLM). A PrairieFalcon was numbersmay be at a cycliclow. A Horned Grebe in Lincoln, DVa).This species still deserves deadatop a buildingin down- On the other hand, the increase NE, Jan.12 wasamong only a specialmention because of its townOmaha Dec. 3 (JT). in House Finch numbers in few winter records for n.w. apparentdecline. A c3 Blue- SandhillCranes were still pre- Oklahomawas exponential. Nebraska(RCR, DJR). A Red- wingedTeal lingered in Douglas, sent in Staf•rcLKS, in late AmericanRobins were pre- necked Grebe observed in KS, Dec. 12 (PW). December(fide DR). Several sent at some Kansas localities in Douglas,KS, wasonly the 6th Oldsquawsprovided some noted in Rushand Pawnee,KS, very high numbers.Cedar recordfor Kansasof anysort. A pleasurefor birdersin Douglas, Waxwingsmade a modestshow- W. Grebe was observed Dec. 1•8 KS (DS, DB) and on L. Hefner ing,as did NorthernGoshawks on L. Hernet(JGN, MO). (JGN et al.). Scoterreports and Northern Shrikes (in Over 200 Am. White included two $ Black Scoters in Kansas,at least). Numbers of Pelicanswere reported Feb. 6 in ]e•rson,KS, Dec. 16 (BF,MM, somelandbird species, particu- Sequoyah,OK (JM,JN), high for LM) and two White-winged larly winteringsparrows and winter.One lingeredin Keith, Scotersin Doniphon,KS, Dec. 16 longspurs,still appearedless NE, untilJan. 12 (RCR, DJR). (D & LN). SurfScoters,often the than one would expectin a A GreatEgret in Muskogee,OK, mostcommonly observed scoter "good"or even better year. Dec.12 (JM,JN) wasalso tardy. speciesin recentyears, went unre- FourTrumpeter Swans (one portedthis winter. A c• Barrows Abbreviations:Cheyenne Bot- adult and three iramatures) in Goldeneye,photographed below Dark-morphimmature Gyrfalcon in toms(Cheyenne Bottoms W.M.A., Rush,KS, were without neck col- the Tuttle Creek Dam, OsageCounty, Oklahoma, January Barton Co., K•); Fontenelle lars(SS) and indicated that they Pottawatomie,KS, Jan.4 (DR et S, 1991. Oneof the southernmost Forest(Fontenelle Forest, Sarpy may be from populationsin al.) throughFeb. 4 providedthe recordsever for this speciesin Co., NE); Lake Hefner (Lake Nebraska or South Dakota rather first completdydocumented North America. Photograph/ Herher,Oklahoma Co., 010. Steve Metz.

LOONS TO Feb. 12 were thoughtto be DUCKS migrants(SS). A GreaterYel- Theorgy of PacificLoon reports lowlegslingered until Dec. 22 in fromthe fall in Kansascomplet- Linn, KS (GP, RR, BR). A Baird's ed its coursewith onereported Sandpiper appeared at L. from Russel•KS, Dec. 1 (MR) OverholserFeb. 18 (MO, JGN, and anotherin Douglas,KS, EK). Dec. 5 (MM) & 15 (DaS). A Gull newswas the good news PacificLoon photographed Dec. of the season.A LaughingGull 31 andJan. 1 at Tulsa(JL, JCH) Male Barrow'sGoldeneye (left) with maleCommon Goldeneye at Tuttle was studied at the Ft. Gibson wasthe apparentconclusion to CreekReservoir, Kansas, January 4, 1991. Photograph/DavidA. Rintoul. dam, Cherokee,OK, Feb. 3

Volume 45, Number 3- 465 countyrecord (fide DK). CommonRedpolls, very rare in PurpleMartins returned to all but the Region'sn.w. corner, SOUTHERNGREAT McCurtain, OK, by Feb. 18 werereported from Geary,KS (BH). CarolinaChickadees have (DL) andFinney, KS (LR) Dec. 2 PLAINSREGION been recordedalong the N. andJan. 25, respectively.Evening Canadian R. west to Beaver in Grosbeakswere thought to be theOklahoma panhandle. One muchless common than average reportedacross the border along in the NebraskaPine Ridge the Cimarron R. in Seware(KS, (RCR, DJR), and in verysmall No superlativesfor the spring. A Jan. 1 (SP) wasthe westernmost numbersin w. Kansas(LM). few surpriseextralimitals are recordedin Kansas.A Sedge Some interestingpatterns expected,and someharder-to- AdultLittle Gullat Lake Hefner, Wren Dec. 15 in Douglas,KS were noted with House Finches. findbirds are also expected; they OklahomaCity, on December8, (CS) was tardy. Mountain More than 135 were observed in occurred. However, this season 1990. PhotograplV Bluebirds,normally wintering in a railroadyard in TulsaDec. 19 still offered the valuable infor- Mitchell Oliphant. thew. thirdof the Region,were (FP). In CleveLand,OK, their mationon whichmany broader scarcethis season. Up to seven, numbers built up through patternsare based-•the basis for (MMI, KZ). Thismay be the only however, were observed in Decemberand early January at a decidingwhen conditionsare winter record for Oklahoma. Geary,e. Kansas (LM). local feeder. While no more than actuallyexceptional. Bonaparte'sGulls were more BohemianWaxwings wan- 20 were ever observed at one Exceptperhaps for two weeks abundant this winter in &red as far south as Scott, KS, time, 77 had been banded there with highwinds and RAIN in Oklahoma.Among them, a Litde Jan.5 (TS) and Geary,KS, Feb. by Feb.2, and unbandedbirds northwesternNebraska, perse- Gull Dec. 1-11 at Lake Hefner 10 (DL, CO). Northern Shrikes werestill noted (JAG). However, veredby theRosches, the weath- providedthe first documented werereported from w. Nebraska theyapparently withdrew from er wasless noteworthy and more record for Oklahoma. An undoc- to the Oklahomapanhandle, at least some areas in Nebraska typicalof expectedspring pat- umentedreport of a Corn.Black- and severalwere reported in e. (BP). Althoughoccurrence of terns. For land-birding,the headed Gull was received for Lake Kansas as well. A Pine Warbler breedingpopulations in the common complaint over the Keystone,Tulsa-Osage, OK, Dec. wanderedwest to Marshall, OK, Region is recent, they may yearshas been that birding was 9 & 12. Glaucous Gulls were Jan.29 (JW). alreadybe establishinglocal poor to mediocre.This yearit notedacross the region this season migrationpatterns, as is occur- was mediocre. Birders in Tulsa fromat least9 specificlocalities, TANAGERS TO ringin theEast (see Gelthoffand and easternNebraska thought andimm. Thayer's Gulls contin- FINCHES Gauthreaux, Condor 93:374- warblermigration was good. In ueto be reported from Oklahoma A number of emberizids were 382, 1991, for recent discus- Wichita, it was less so; it was and Kansas.For the 8th consecu- tardy in departing,overwin- sion). poorin Muskogee,Oklahoma. tiveyear, a LesserBlack-backed tered, or succumbed. These An examination of where the Gull appearedat L. Hefner,Jan. includedan IndigoBunting in Cited Observers:(Area editors fronts occurred on weekends 13-Mar. 16 (JGN, MO et al.). TulsaDec. 24 (JA),a Chipping boldfaced) KANSAS: Joann wouldlikely match this pattern. Black-leggedKittiwakes contin- SparrowDec. 21 in Muskogee,Brier, David Bryan,Ted Cable, Outstanding numbers of uedtheir increased recent appear- OK (JM), anda VesperSparrow Bob Fisher, Maxie Irwin, Pete Ross' Geese were observed with ances. An immature was noted Dec. 15 in Osage,OK(B &LG). Janzen,Dan Kilby,Dan Lashell, migrating Snow Geese. Dec. 8-14 at L. Hefner,and a sec- A w. raceof theFox Sparrow was Linda Malloney (LMa), Mike However,few other population ondwas discovered Jan. 19 & 20 foundin Scott,w. Kansas,Jan. 5 McHugh,Lloyd Moore, Don & trendsstood out. Perhapsfewer at KeystoneDam, Tulsa(DV, MG (fideDR).A SnowBunting wan- Loretta Neff, John Northrup Swainsodds Thrushes moved etal.).An adult was reported from deredas far southas Osage,KS, (JNt), Chuck Otte, Sebastian throughthan expected. Cuckoos Reno,KS, Dec. 1 (DK, PJ,JN0. Dec.27 (JB)and Feb. 7 (possibly Patti, Galen Pittman, Mike of both speciesappeared more A "no-show" for several sea- the samebird; MI). Earlywere Rader, Leonard Rich, David abundantin manyareas. Blue- sons,Snowy Owls were reported 25 Great-tailed Grackles arriw Rintoul, Bob Rucker, Richard gray Gnatcatcherand Black- fromJeerson, KS, Dec. 2 (BF), inginLinn, KS, Feb. 3 (fideDR). Rucker, Marvin Schwilling, and-white Warbler numbers in Brown, KS, Dec. 8-10 (D & Finch numberswere again David Seibd (DaS), Scott the Wichita Mountains seemed LN), Osage,KS, Dec.27 (MS), generallyunimpressive, though Seltman, Calvin Sink, Tom upin cowbird-trappedareas. But andLincoln, NE, Jan.12 (RCR, therewere a fewbright spots. Few Shane, Phil Wedge, Larry then so were the numbers of DJR). More than 200 Long- Purple Finches appearedin Werner. NEBRASKA: Mark CanyonWren, CarolinaWren, earedOwls were reported from Oklahoma,though two were Dietz, Steve Dinsmore, Bahs andRufous-crowned Sparrow-- Kansas(fide LM), 90 fromone noted in Comanche, s.w. Padelford,Dorothy J. Rosche, perhapsa sign of a not-too-harsh roostin 7?ego(fide DR). Short- Oklahoma(JAM), where they •re RichardC. Rosche,Jerry Toll. winter. eared Owls were also common in rare.Pine Siskins were generally OKLAHOMA: Jim Arterburn, A few observers in central Kansas. A number of N. Saw- scarceRegionwide, with few to Bonnie& LarryGall, Mike Gray, and south-central Oklahoma whet Owlswere reported from none noted at most locales. Berlin Heck, Jim C. Hoffman, thought Great-tailedGrackle Geary,KS. However, Red Crossbills Vera Jennings,Esther Key, Jo numberswere down. A general appearedat manylocations scat- Loyd,Shirley MacFarland, Janet perceptionof declinefrom this WOODPECKERS THROUGH teredacross the Region. The 30 McGee (JaM), Louis McGee, author continuesfor Upland WARBLERS reportedfrom OklahomaCity Jeri McMahon, Steve Metz, Sandpipersand Bali's Vireos A • PileatedWoodpecker at (SMa), and flocks of over 70 Mike Mlodinow, Kenneth whencomparing current condi- FontenelleForest Jan. 24-Feb. observedin Wichita, KS (fide Nanney, John G. Newell, tionswith experiences in the late 22 was of substantial local inter- DK) were the apparenthigh Jimmie Norman, Mitchell 1970s. For Buff-breasted Sand- est (MD, m.ob.). Another in counts.Curiously, the Rosches Oliphant, Fred Pianalto,Pat pipers,it's a toughercall. Pottawatomie,KS, Dec. 19 (TC) foundthem extremely scarce in Seibert,Don Varner(DVa), Don Red Crossbills continued mayhave been the westernmost the Pine Ridge of Nebraska, Verser, Jeff Webster, Kris throughoutthe period, but Pine for n.e. Kamas. A Ladder-backed wherethey normally occur, and Zykowski.--JOSEPH A. Siskins were hard to buy. Woodpeckerwas videotaped in none were reportedby the GRZYBOWSKI, 1701 Lenox, Recently invading House Wichita,Sedgwick, KS, for a first Padelfords for e. Nebraska. Norman, OK 73069. Finchesmay alreadybe estab-

4•- American Birds,Fall 1991 lishingmigration patterns in QuiviraMay 11 (PJetal.); Com. easternparts of theRegion. GoldeneyeMay 4 in Tulsa Whilecensuring geese in Clay, (m.ob.);and Com. Merganser Abbreviation:Cheyenne Bot- NE, SteveDinsmore countedan May 11 in Osage,OK (SM). A toms(Cheyenne Bottoms W.M.A., extraordinary2000 Ross'Geese. possiblybreeding or tardy d' Barton Co., KS); Fontanelle The Roschescounted 400-500 Cinnamon Teal was observed Forest(Fontanelle Forest, Sa•py Ro•' in a flock of about 6000 throughMay 31 at Cheyenne Co.,NE); SaltPlains (Great Salt white geesein Sheridan,NE, Bottoms(PJ, DVy, RG). PlainsN. W.R.,AI•I• Co.,OK); Apr.13. Several were dark-morph Two Black Scoters Mar. Quivira (Quivira N. W.R., birds,including one of three col- 14-16 in Tulsa(JCH etal.) were Staj•rdCo., KS). lared birds, These are several quite unusual.The highest ordersof magnitudehigher than count of Red-breasted Mer- LOONS TO thehighest numbers ever report- gansetsfor theRegion was 26 in WATERFOWL edfor the Region and indicate a Keith,NE, Apr.25 (RCR). An EaredGrebe was early Mar. more common status for this 10 in Cimarron, OK (JM). spedesthan forreedy recognized. RAPTORSTO Western Grebes away from CRANES breedingareas included one in MississippiKites arrived Apr. 20 Pierce,NE, Apr. 25 (MB) and the endof the period(VB). An at Fort Sill, Comanche,OK (JR). threein Thomas,NE, May 7 Olivaceous Cormorant was A MississippiKite in Muskogee, (BJR).A Clark'sGrebe was iden- identifiedat CheyenneBottoms OK, May 26 (DG) wasin anarea rifled in Cherry,NE, May 26 againthis year (PJ).A small whererare. Two Bald Eagles Apr. amonga breedinggroup of sev- Great Blue Heron and Great 28 in Sequoyah,OK (JM,JH, J eralhundred W. Grebes(SD). Egret rookeryin McCurtain, & MN) werelikely nesting. A A BrownPelican in Dodge, OK, containedat least2 active nest in Saunders,NE, contained pairsof Anhingasin May (BH, youngMay 16 (SD), the first m.ob.). BaldEagle young observed in Black-neckedStilt at RoseLake, American Bitterns deserve CanadianCounty, Oklahoma, Nebraskain this century(fide May 18,1991. Photograph/ somewatching, as their numbers BP,LP). NorthernHarriers may MitchellOlipbant. may be declining.They were commonlynest in theungrazed notedApr. 15 in Tulsa(PS,JL); grasslandof Fort Sill, OK. Four sometime. Three pairs of stilts Apr.20 in Carter,OK (WACet nests were located in this area in Sheridan,NE, at period'send aL); Apr. 27 in Sequoyah,OK May 15 (JR).A GoldenEagle (CF) remainthe only known (DVa);May 3 in Sa•y, NE (JT, Mar.29 in Osage,OK (DV etal.) breedingbirds in Nebraska. DR); andfive at Quiviraand two was east of normal occurrences After severalyears when at CheyenneBottoms May 11 for that date. Whimbrelflocks of werereport- (PJ).A GreatEgret arrived in Ten PeregrineFalcons were ed, the number observed this TulsaMar. 6 (FP). A Little Blue notedApr 20-May 18. On the season returned to a more nor- Heron in Madison,NE, Apr. latter date, the Peregrinewas mallevel of rarity. Singles were in 23-24 was n. of normal occur- observedfeeding on a Black Tern Dawes,NE, May 20 (NR) and rences.Adult TricoloredHerons, in Dawes,NE (RCR, DJR). Two Sequoyah,OK. SevenWhimbrel veryrare in theRegion, appeared GrayPartridges at the Omaha were observedMay 11 at at the Salt PlainsMay 9 (BH) airportMay 14(AG, TF) wereof CheyenneBottoms (PJ et al.). and in Canadian,OK, May 18 uncertainorigin. Slightlyw. of normalmigration (MO etal.).A developingheron- Railsare hard to comeby in pathswere two'Long-billed ry in Wichitahoused over 550 manyareas. Two King Rails were CurlewsMay 3 in Canadian, nests;Little Blue Herons and in Craig;OK, May 11 (SM). A OK (MO). HudsonianGodwits CattleEgrets comprised the bulk VirginiaRail was noted in Tulm windowed the period Apr. of theheronry (AM, fidePJ). A Apr. 13 (JL,PS); another was in 19-May 20, when 39 were Green-backed Heron in Sioux FontenelleForest Apr. 20-25 observed at L. Overholser, BrownPelican in DodgeCopunty, May24 wasamong only a hand- (BP, TBa, JT); and a 3rd was Canaa•an,OK (JGN). One was Nebraska,May 11, 1991. ful of occurrences for n.w. observedin •goner, OK, Apr. still presentwith a Marbled Photograpb/Mad•A. BrogJe. Nebraska(RCR, DJR). 29 (TR). Godwitat QuiviraMay 31 (PJ, About 250 White-faced DVy, RG). A Hudsonianin NE, May 10-12 (SD etal.)may Ibiseswere counted May 11 at PLOVERS Butte,NE, Apr. 28 wasw. of havebeen only the 2nd substan- Quivira(fide PJ). Along the e. TOTERNS most occurrences(RCR, DJR). tiated for the state. An undocu- marginof the Region,three While only a flickerof the real Some 45-54 Buff-breasted mentedsighting of thisbird, or White-faced Ibises were noted in old days,350+ LesserGolden- Sandpiperswere found at a s. possiblya 2nd, observedMay Osage,OK, Apr. 13 (DV); two PloversApr. 4 in Muskogee,OK Tulsasod farm May 545 (DI, 21-23, camefrom the Nebraska werereported Apr. 27-May 3 in (JM, VJ), wasstill a noteworthy EL, TM). A Red Knot pho- side of the Missouri R. in Sequoyah(RM, B &JB). sight.A MountainPlover was tographedMay 26 in Platte,NE Dakota(BHu). Lingeringwaterfowl includ- unexpectedMay 25 in Kimball, (MB) wasrare. A "hot" time for cormorant ed a verytardy Snow Goose on a NE (CF).Migrant Black-necked Numbers of Baird's Sand- migrationappears to bethe last farmpond in Grant,OK, May Stiltswere photographed Apr. 3 pipersbuilt up fromfive Mar. 1 week of March and first week of 14 (K &JH); 10N. PintailMay at L. Overholser, Oklahoma to 500 byMar. 20 in Canadian, April.Over 1000were noted in 4 in 7•lsa OK); a c• Gadwall (MO). Twowere found May 18 OK (JGN). A pleasantsurprise Canadian,OK (JGN);the high- May 26 in Cleveland,OK (VB); at RoseL., Canadian,OK (JGN was nine to 13 Red-necked estcounts for Sedgwick,KS, also a Canvasbackand Ring-necked etal.). Thesemay have been on PhalaropesMay20 in Canadian, occurredat this time (PJ). One Duck May 7 at the SaltPlains their way to Quivira,where a OK (JGN). Anotherextralimital wasin Cleveland,OK, through (DV, MD); a 9 Canvasbackat breedingpool has existedfor phalaropewas noted in Platte,

Volume 45, Number 3.467 NE, May 26 (MB). observed•n Washtngton,OK, Warblers returned to a s•te •n Several Rose-breasted Grosbeaks The seasons first Franklins arrivingMar. 23 (DV). A Tufted Delaware, OK, where Jim were present May 8-10 •n Gull was noted Mar. 3 at the TitmouseApr. 27 in Harper,OK Norman has found them for 30 Wichita(fide PJ). One May 10 Kaw Dam, OK (DV). (RH) wason thew. edgeof the years.There are few breeding in Dawes,NE, wasfar west (DF) Remarkablewas a Black-leggedspecies' range and provideda locationsknown for thisspecies A Black-headed Grosbeak •n Kittiwake at Kaw Dam on the first countyrecord. A Brown in Oklahoma. Ceruleans were TulsaApr. 30 (PS,JD wasthe latedate of May7 (DV, MD). Creeperlingered very late to also observed in Fontenelle firstrecorded there in 30 years CommonTerns appear more May 14in Tulsa(JL). A Golden- ForestMay 24-29 (JT,JB, BP) Newell considersBlue Grosbeak regularlyin fall.A subadultMay crownedKinglet Apr. 13 in and Douglas,NE, May 25 (BP, one of the next victims of cow- 18-20 in Canadian,OK (lGN) Osage,OK, wasalso tardy (JA, LP).One in Wichita May 21 was birds.He observedonly one the andsix in Cherry,NE (SD)were JTh). a migrant(DVy). entirespring. Lazuli Buntings unusual. Least Terns are now A Townsend's Solitaire was A ProthonotaryWarbler appearedin Wichita Apr. 30 being monitoredat several on territoryMay 18 in Sowbelly gracedWichita May 3 (PJ,JNt). (JNt)and in TulsaMay 18(BH) Oklahomalocales. Forty were Canyon, Sioux, NE (RCR, Beaversappear to be helping Cassin's Sparrows again foundin TulsaMay28(m.ob.). DJR), the onlyknown nesting them increase in Fontenelle appearedin Butte,NE (RCR, area in the Region. Two Forest(BP, LP). Becominga MKC). A Rufous-crowned DOVESIO observedMay 20 in Dawes,NE "scoop"any time, a Swainson's Sparrowdiscovered in February SHRIKES (TF, RW) mayalso have been WarblerMay 11 in Tulsawas in Sequoyah,OK, wasstill pre- A White-wingedDove Apr. 8 in breeding.Wood Thrush num- outstanding(DK, JCH, SM). sentApr. 27. A Lark Bunting Oklahoma City fed on the bersmay be worth noting. Two Somemay still breed in thenew floundered east to Lancaster, Newells'patio and provided only maleswere singing in Pontotoc,Little RiverN.W.R., McCurtain, NE, May 16 (EB). the 2nd record for Oklahoma. OK, Apr.27 (WAC,MDu), and OK (BH et al.). An Ovenbird HenslowsSparrows were first An earlyYellow-billed Cuckoo one was heard May 11 in wasstill present May 30 in Tulsa found in Osage,OK, Apr. 7 appearedApr. 21 in Tulsa(JM, E Clevelana•OK (VB). Only one (LU). A pair of Louisiana (DV). A Harris'Sparrow May 11 & KH). Tensightings of Black- Veery to report--that from Waterthrushes in Fontenelle in Wichita(PJ) was late. Twenty billed Cuckoos in Wichita was Washington,OK, May 18 (DV). ForestApr. 20 (BP)was at the Chestnut-collaredLongspurs an unusuallyhigh number (fide The Rosches found six N. limits of range. The only wereback this year on breeding PJ).Others from more e. locales Mockingbirdsin n.w. Nebraska, NebraskaKentucky Warbler was territoriesin Holt, NE (MB). in theRegion implicated a surge where rare. in FontenelleForest May 9 (lB, Six Yellow-headed Blackbirds in theirpopulations. Early arriving Blue-gray JKo)--fewerthan in previous were observed in McCurtmn, A BurrowingOwl Apr. 9 in Gnatcatchers were noted Mar. years. OK, Apr.18 (BH). Numbersof Wichitawas a delight(PJ, JNt). 17 (SO) and Mar. 19 (NG) in A 5?Hooded Warbler May 9 Great-tailed Grackles are A Chuck-will's-widowMay 4 in Comanche,OK. Late-departingin Adams,NE, wasout of range, increasingin Sequoyah,OK Harper,OK (RH)wasw. of most BohemianWaxwings were in as was the one in Fontenelle More than 1500 were observed occurrencesand provided a first Dawes,NE, Apr. 8 (DJR).A N. ForestMay 25 (JAl). Three thereMar. 15 (JM, J & MN) county record.Black-chinned Shrike Mar. 10 in Cimarron, OK Hooded Warblerssinging in They haveprogressed west to Hummingbirdsseemed much (JM et al.), waslater than most Tulsa,Apr. 27-May 28 may breed(2 pairs)along the N commoner in the Wichita existingrecords. indicatebreeding (JA, m.ob.) Plattein Lincoln,NE (RCR) A Mountains N.W.R., OK, than and extendthe edgeof their nestingOrchard Oriole should in previousseasons (JAG). VIREOS,WARBLERS rangein Oklahoma. not be news. However, in a vacu- A Red-belliedWoodpecker A White-eyed Vireo in Eastern warblers west includ- um of observations,a pair at a in Cimmaron, OK, Mar. 9 was FontenelleForest May 15 (TF) ed TennesseeWarblers May 25 nestMay 22 onFort Sill, OK, •s beyondnormal limits of its w. wasat then. limitsof itsrange. & 27 at 2 localitiesin Cherry, noteworthy(JR, JDT). range(J & MN etal.). A Pileated Bell'sVireos were reported from NE (SD); a N. Parula in PurpleFinches were noted Woodpeckerin Fontenelle several Oklahoma areas. Sheridan,NE, May 17 (RCR);a until Mar. 10 in Comanche,OK Forest in the winter was last However,these reports still do 5? Magnolia Warbler in (JAM).The few HouseFinches observed Mar. 26 (RW, BP, not matchthe imageof abun- Comanche,OK, May 27 (JAG); observedin Pontotoc,OK, were TBa). One in lgOodwara•OK, dance this author remembers in Blackburnian Warblers in last noted Mar. 10 (WAC, maybe part of a moreperma- the mid- 1970s. Pontotoc, OK (WAC), and MDu). While a fewwintered m nent developinggroup in this Three d' Black-cappedComanche, OK (JAG)May 24; a e. Nebraska,late March marked area(RH). Vireoswere present by Apr. 18 in PrairieWarbler May 21 in Butte, the reappearanceof greater A numberof early arrivals the Wichita Mountains N.W.R. NE (RCR, DJR); and a numbers(BP, LP). were notedamong flycatchers (JAG, VB). Althoughno females BlackpollWarbler May 24 in Red Crossbills remained and swallows.These included an were noted at this time, at least4 Cherry,NE (SD). A Yellow- untilMay 12in OklahomaC•ty, Olive-sidedFlycatcher Apr. 27 pairsfledged young by May22, breasted Chat, rare in w. when36 cameto a feeder(SMa) in Muskogee,OK (JM et al.); a the earliestever recorded by 7 Oklahoma, was noted in Four were in Cleveland, OK, Say's Phoebe Mar. 10 in days(JAG). ComancheMay 7 (JAM). May 30 (SJ).Few showed up m Cimmaron,OK (J & MN etal.); Manythought warbler num- the Pine Ridgeby the end of and Scissor-tailedFlycatchers bers were better this year. The TANAGERSTO May (RCR), but 180 were Mar. 23 in Tulsa(BG) and Mar. "hottest" were a 57 Golden- FINCHES observed at Fort Niobrara 24 in Comanche,OK (JR). wingedMay 2-3 (PJ,JNt) anda A W. Tanagerwas photographed N.W.R., Cherry,NE, May 25 Exceptionalwere eight Tree maleMay 22 in Wichita(DVy). in Mcintosh,OK, Mar. 30 (JV). (SD). Almost no Pine Sisl•ns SwallowsMar. 5 in Sequoyah,Another Golden-winged was in Anothereasterly W. Tanagerwas couldbe found anywhere. OK, at a knownbreeding site Cass,NE, May 4 (AG), anda 5? observedin OklahomaMay 3 (JM,J & MN), slightingthe two Connecticut Warbler was docu- (CF1). The SummerTanager Cited Observers:(Area editors observedin Cleveland,OK, Mar. mentedMay 19 in Fontenelle May25 in FontenelleForest was boldfaced.) KANSAS--Rick 18 (VB). An AcadianFlycatcher Forest (JT). Blue-winged atthe n. limitsof range (JB, TB). Goodrick, Pete Janzen, Alan wasagain observed in Douglas, Warblers were recorded from Eleven Scarlet Tanagersin Maccarone,John Northrup NE (BP,LP). FontenelleForest May 7 (JA),15 Cherry,NE (SD), seemedhigh (JNt), Don Vannoy.NEBRAS- Fish Crows continued to be (TF), & 18 (JKo,SK) Cerulean for this central-striplocality KA-Jim Alt (JAl),Tanya Bray,

4•.Amer,can B•rds,Fall 1991 Treasure Baker (TBa), John Rose,Jerry Toll, Rick Wright. Hayes, Bedin Heck, Randy Mike Mlodinow (MM1), John Brenneman,Mark Brogie,Mary OKLAHOMA--Jim Hiatt, James C. Hoffman, G. Newell, Jim & Marian Kay Claussen,Steve Dinsmore, Arterburn,Bill & JaniceBeall, DoloresIsted, Vera Jennings, Norman, Sam Orr, Fred CraigFaanes, Ted Floyd,Deb Vicki Byre,William A. Carter, SusanJones, John Kennington, Pianalto,Jon Regosin,Tom Ford, Alan Grenon, Bill Huser MelindaDroege, Mike Duggan Dan King,Ellen Lee, Jo Loyd, Roberts,Pat Seibert, Jim Thayer, (BHu), Jim Kovanda (JKo), (MDu), Chris Floyd, Neil Juanita Martin, Roger JackD. Tyler,L. Upshaw,Don Bahs Padelford, Loren Garrison, David Gill, Mike McConnell,Shirley MacFadand Varner (Dva), Don Vetset,Jim Padelford, Dick Rasmussen, Gray,B. Griffin,Jim Harman, B. (SMa), Janet McGee (JAM), Vicars.--JOSEPH A. GRZY- Neal Ratzlaff, Dorothy J. Harwood, Karen & Jim Louis McGee, Jeri McMahon, BOWSKI, 1701 Lenox, Rosche,Richard C. Rosche,B.J. Havelone, Elizabeth & Kenneth Steve Metz, Terry Mitchell, Norman, OK 73069. TEXASREGION GregW. œasley and Chuck Sexton ß Buffalo Lake qlßAmarilloNWR ßMuleshoe NWFI •Vichita ';HagermanNWR Followingthe trend set in the ßLubbock Falls winter,there was nothing spec- •1 FoilWorlh tacularabout spring migration. ß ß Dallas ß Repeatedheavy rains soaked % ßAbilene \ much of central,east, and coastal .• El Paso •1 Nat. • 'X •'". •f' Park ßMidland • • Nacogdochese Texas. Most of south Texas also • " . San • .. benefitted from above-normal ' Angelo• •e rainfall, but one seasonof better- :. Davi?,•S'.BalmorheaL. TEXAS • than-averagerains will not repair :"- •'•7.., in thedamage of almostthree years ; •' Houmo• of drought.The Panhandlecon- tinued its dry spell,and the Trans-Pecoswas gradually dry- ingout after an exceptionally wet stretchlast year. Observersin areasreceiving goodrains were primed for good birding,but anticipatedfallouts mostly did not materialize. Instancesof heavymigrant con- centrations never proved ..... :. _.. -.._... _ •..• widespread--justhere and there (e.g.,March 17 in SabinePass by Tanagerreturned the favorby Collection-- •xas A & M Horned Grebes at White River Bill Graber; May 9 in wanderingeast. University);U.T.C. (Upper•xas L., Crosby,Mar. 9 provideda Nacogdochesby David Wolf). A Severalenergetic teams of Big Coast);Village Creek (14'11agenew high count for thatarea (C commonthread in reportsmir- Day hopefulsscouted much of CreekDrying Beds Arlington). & ML, CSt). A CladdsGrebe at rored comments that surfaced the Upper Texas Coast, the The followingare shortened L. BalmorheaMay 1-6 (TJ,A & regularlyin recentyears: while CoastalBend, and centralTexas, namesfor therespective county, MC) wasthe first reliably report- diversityof bird speciesseemed but theirfocus was mostly pin- state,or nationalparks, wild- edin Texasin a year. prettygood in mostplaces (with ningdown dependable breeding life refuges,etc.: Anahuac, SingleMasked Boobies (sick exceptionssuch as San Antonio, birdsfor theirsporting efforts in Anzalduas, Aransas, Attwater, or injured) were found on whereonly 10 warblerspecies April. Nonetheless,they could Bentsen,Big Bend, Buffalo Lake, MustangI., Nueces,Apr. 11 & 14 werereported to theirhotline), nothelp but stumble upon some Kickapoo,Laguna Atascosa, Palo (TA). An apparentlyhealthy numbers of individuals were low. unusual birds. Early season Duro, Sabal Palm, and Santa individualwas photographed at Thisis a disturbingtrend. In a effortsin thefinal year of Texas' Ana. MustangIsland S.P. May 29 (A curiouscontrast, Jim Morgan BreedingBird Atlas project & MC). It is pleasantto reflect mentionedthat despite abundant (resultswill mostlybe sa•edfor LOONSTO IBISES that abundant Brown Pelicans rainon the Upper Texas Coast, "it thesummer report) continued to There were the usual one to four are no longernews in s. Texas takesmore weather to geta good pushresearchers into unexplored Pacific Loons reported at (PP). A number of Brown fallout";yet Mark Flippo report- or underexplorednooks and Galveston•Offat's Bayou Mar. Pelicans wandered inland, ed from the Guadalupe cranniesof theTexas landscape. 16-Apr.25 (CH, JAetal.), but includingone on L. Buchanan Mountainsthat simplystrong one on L. Sam Rayburn,San Mar. 30-Apr. 28 (T.A.S.,TG), windshifts (often without precip- Abbreviations:Ft. Bliss (Fort Augustine,Mar. 12-18 (•'DW, one on L. LivingstonApr. 27 itation)brought passable migrant Blisssewage ponds, El Paso); NB et al.) was a first for the (fideDP), oneto twoon L. Travis birding resuksthere. In the G.M.N.E (GuadalupeMoun- Pineywoodsarea. A Corn.Loon nearAustin May 4-27 (T.A.S.), absenceof majorfallouts on the tains NatI Park); L.R.G.V. remained on an Amarillo lake andanother on Tradinghouse L., coastand elsewhere,it was inter- (Lower Rio Grande l&lley); May 14 into June (PA). nearWaco, May 14 (JMu). In c. estingthat there seemed to bea Norias(Norias Division of the Somewhatunexpected were a and n. Texas, either Olivaceous wider scatteringof eastern King Ranch);T.B.R.C. (•xas Least Grebe in Kerr that Cormorantsare becoming more migrantsover the western half of Bird Records Committee--•xas remained until Mar. 21 (TG) regularin springor birdersare the state.A few westernerssuch as OrnithologicalSocie•y) ; T. C.W.C. and two at Lake Balmorhea, lookingfor them more(CH). Lazuli Bunting and Western (•xas CooperativeWildli• Reeves,May 21 (L & JZ). Nine Smallnumbers were noted regu-

Volume 45, Number 3.469 larlyaround Ausun, Waco, and th•s species•ncluded one •n Apr. 11 (?MR). A M•ss•ss•pp• FalfurnasMar. 23 (AO) and one Fort Worth (m.ob.). Unusual HudspethApr. 20-May 7 (PL, Kite in LubbockMar. 3 (BS)was at AustinMar. 25 (T.A.S.) were werefour Anhingas over Village m.ob.), one at L. TawakoniMar. extremelyearly. This is the 3rd rare finds. Some 112 Crested CreekApr.5 (MR). 3-17 (RK), andone in Midland year in a row with one early Caracaras in and around Sproul•gain discovered Least until Mar. 31 (FW). Nesting Marchsighting there. FalfurriasMar. 28 (AO) seemed Bitterns at Feather L., El Paso, Canada Geese made news. A Cooper'sHawks were finally to takehigh count this spring Apr.23-May 31, wherenesting pair with six youngat Buffalo confirmed nesting near The Kingsville/Falfurriasarea wassuspected. Snowy Egret is a SpringsL., Lubbock,Apr. 30 EdgewoodApr. 17, the first solid certainlyis the caracara capital of rare wandererto the Panhandle; (CSt, ph.) providedthe first nestingrecord for n.c. Texas (fide the country. Elsewhere, a 11-18 in LubbockMay 4-7 confirmedTexas nesting record. CH). Old nestingrecords there Crested Caracara in Somervell (JCI) wereremarkable. Rare for At least6 pairsalso nested along are cited by Oberholser,but May 23 (JWS,MR) wasa coun- n. Texas was a Tricolored Heron theCanadian R. in e. Hemphill none are well-documented. A ty first. at VillageCreek Apr. 27 (MR, (BR, TexasParks & Wildlife). Com. Black-Hawk Mar. 13 near MP, GK). Palmerreports that Some of the latter carried the GlassMts., Brewster(JMu), PRAIRIE-CHICKENS ReddishEgrets were scarce in the USF&Wbands and are thought wasinteresting, as was one May TO SHOREBIRDS BaffinBay system in Klebergand to be fromthe wild population 1 overRio GrandeVillage, Big A springcount of "Attwater's" Kenedy.A large Cattle Egret that hasestablished itself in near- Bend (EH). A pair of Gray Prairie-Chickenstallied 480, a rookerywas discovered in 7•avis byw. Oklahoma (fide KS). Hawks againreturned to Rio 2% increase from 1990 •nApril (FW etal.),Austin's first. A copulatingpair of Wood GrandeVillage, arriving by Mar. Disturbingdeclines in Colorado, Two Black-crownedNight- Duckswas in n.w.ElPaso May 4 19. The femalewas on eggsby Victoria,and extirpation in Fort Herons at L. Six, Lubbock,Mar. (BZ, ScW).A c• CinnamonTeal Apr. 18. Anotherpair of Gray Bendoffset any reliefprovided 15 (DS) were consideredacci- was unusuallyfar eastat Big Hawks was seen over by the smallincrease in total dentalso early in theseason. An CreekL., Delta,Mar. 30-Apr. CottonwoodCampground in numbers(fide SLa). A road- ad.White Ibis at FeatherL. Apr. 20 (MWh). Becomingannual in thepark Mar. 27 (GLu).A Red- killed MontezumaQuail was 7 (MF etal.) provided the first El n.e.Texas, up to fiveCinnamon shouldered Hawk at Rio Grande found in Dog Canyon, Pasorecord and probablyonly Tealwere at VillageCreek Mar. VillageApr. 25 (PL,SF) was out G.M.N.P., May 5 (RRe). Th•s the 2nd for the entire Trans- 1-Apr. 7 (m.ob.).Another was of place. specieswas reintroducedinto Pecos(fide BZ). on GrapevineL. Apr 6 (MS). A The earliest reports of that areain 1984.A King Raft GlossyIbises continued to c• Greater Scaup at L. migrantBroad-winged Hawks waskilled by an unknown preda- showup with increasingfre- BalmorheaApr. 21 (PL,SF) was involved 150 birds over tor at Cement Creek L., •rrant, quencyalong the U.T.C., with late and out of range. FalfurriasMar. 21 (AO) and200 May4 (LH, CH); thelast known one at Anahuac Mar. 10-18 Completelyunexpected was dis- in KenedyMar. 23 (K.B.W.C.). countyrecord was in August (?MA et al.), up to four on coveryof a 9 Oldsquawin El By earlyApril, daily numbers 1970.Another King Rail at B•g GalvestonI. Apr. 7-May 18 PasoApr. 26 (EH, ph.).The two observedfrom the groundin BendMay 9 wasconsidered acc•- ('}'TE, MC et al.), and one in previousEl Pasoarea records are Klebergincreased to the low dental (RA, m.ob.). The ChambersApr. 19 (?JM,T•). December records from the 1000s,the highestconcentra- WhoopingCrane population at Unexpectedwas anotherad. 1970s.This bird,obviously lost tion being 36,000 over thebeginning of springwas 135 Glossywith a flockof White- but apparentlyhealthy, enter- Kingsvillethe eveningof Apr. 8 after the loss of 11 last winter faced Ibisesat McAllen Apr. tainedlocal observers until May (BZ et al.). Interestingly, (TS). A migrantWhooper was 30-May 1 (tJA, JD, PL), the 12 (ph.BZ, JS).A Red-breastedWindham's radar analysisof shotand killed by a "hunter"at first ever for the L.R.G.V. Merganserin a shallowKleberg migrant Broad-wingedsat Lampasasduring April. One Equallyunexpected was a subad. creekApr. 23 (PP,W.A.S.) was a Kingsvilleshowed that substan- subadult remained at Aransas Glossyat SanAntonio's Mitchell latesurprise for that area. tial numbersare not detectedby throughthe period, leaving 133 L. May 5-June2 (4'WS,ph. GL, groundobservers. Among his to return to Canada. CB etal.). A 2nd Glossywas also RAPTORS most impressivetallies were An ad. N. Jacanaat SeaRam at Mitchell L. May 6 ('}'CB). An Osprey at Midland Mar. 26,000Mar. 25, 59,000Apr. 1, Apr. 21 ('}'BB,EMo) wasa first This stringof recordsseems 19-27 (JH etal.) was considered 38,500Apr. 2, 116,000Apr.3, forJeerson. In thePanhandle, a amazingfor a species first accept- an early migrant. Another 44,000Apr. 10, 33,000Apr. 16, Whimbrelin GrayMay 1 (F & ed for Texaswithin the past5 Osprey at L. Tanglewood, and19,000 Apr. 17. Altogether, JE) was a countyfirst. Single years. RandallMay 21 (TJ)was one of Windham's radar counts tallied Marbled Godwits were at Ft onlya veryfew May sightingsin over 402,000 Broad-wingedBliss Apr. 29-May24 (BZ etal) WATERFOWL the Panhandle. American Hawkspassing over Kingsville Rare for w. Texas, a Wh•te- Very unusualwas a Greater Swallow-tailed Kites were Mar. 25-Apr. 17. Smallflocks rumpedSandpiper was pho- White-fronted Goose that lin- reportedalong the coastal plains continued to be seen in s. Texas tographedat L. BalmorheaMay geredat MaddenL., Hudspeth,Mar. 16 throughMay. Among andalong the coastal bend as late 29 (ML). Apr. 3-May 7 (BZ, m.ob.); interestingreports were "many" asApr. 26, with a singleflock of Oneof thePurple Sandpipers anotherin KlebergApr. 23 (PP, on the U.T.C. Mar. 17, includ- 140 at Kingsvillethat day (PP, at Freeportfrom winter was last W.A.S.) was alsonotably late. inga bird on the Rice University WD et al.). Broad-winged reliablyreported Apr. 25 (WD, Ross'Geese are reportedin the campus (m.ob.), one flying Hawkswere seen in highnum- BD, MWy).Another at the Boca Panhandlearea with increasing througha residentialneighbor- bers in other areas,with 4000 Chicajetties lingered until Mar frequency.A flockof up to 15 hoodin KingsvilleMar. 24 (N & over DeWitt Mar. 26 (DMu), 10 (BM, LL). A countof 270 Stilt was in Lubbock Mar. 21-25 PP), and one at JonesState 1430 at LongviewApr. 14 Sandpipersat RockportMar 7 (L.E.A.S.),with two until Apr. 3 Forest Apr. 21 (WD, BD, (GLu),340 at Nacogdoches Apr. was high (CC). A Ruff was (CSt). Two Ross'were alsoseen MWy). The pair of Swallow- 14 (SL), and360 over VanZandt reportedMay 14 on Matagorda I on the Amarillosewage ponds tailedsthat probablynested at Apr.23 (RK), all above-average(RW, to T.B.R.C.). An Am Apr. 7 (PA, KS). A lone Ross' Hampshirethe past2 summers numbers for the respective Woodcock with three chicks Mar Goose frequentedthe Rio wasseen again carrying nesting locales. A White-tailed Hawk in 9 inAngelina (LD, NB) provided Grande in Big Bend Mar. materialin earlyApril (m.ob.). A BastropMar. 9 (EK)added to the a rarebreeding record for that 27-May 30 (m.ob.),for a first first for Tarrant was a Black- small number of Austin-area area. Late records of Am park record Other recordsfor shoulderedKite in e Fort Worth recordsA Golden Eagle at Woodcocks included one in Lee

470. AmericanB•rds, Fall 1991 samespot 2 dayslater (TA). A countyrecord. A Groove-billed S.A. 3rd was at BolivarFlats Apr. Ani in Rio GrandeVillage May FLYCATCHERS Themost stunning •ity ofthe 19-20(DD, DP et al.). Trying 21 (JSe)provided a rare spring A GreaterPewee was well- seasonwas the ad. Sharp-tailed to sortout GlaucousGull recordfor Big Bend. A Short- describedatSan Antonio Apr. 7 Sandpiperat Villag• Creek, recordsgetsmore confusing each earedOwl at Center Point, Kerr, (GSM),areal surprise sofar out Tarrant,May 17-18 (ph. tMR). year.Individuals (thesame wan- May5 (TG)was probably afirst of range.We heard other 3rd- Thisremarkable birdwas seen by deringbird?) were reported Mar. countyrecord aswell as extreme- hand reports; with fewer than 5 scoresofobservers andwas pho- 16-19at Freeport,Apr. 19 at lylate. O'Neil asserts that num- acceptedTexas records, any tographedbyseveral during its BolivarFlats, and Apr. 21 at bersof all nightjarsin the reportmust be well documented. 2-daystay. This was the first HighI. (JM,TE). A weakenedFalfurrias area (Lesser and Com. An earlyAlder Flycatcher was Texasrecord documented by imm.Glaucous Gull was picked Nighthawks,Pauraque) seem studiedin FortWorth May 4 photosand one of the yery few upon the Mustang I. beach May lowerthan in previousyears. (LH). A Dusky-capped recordsof a spring•dult s. of 9 (fideTA); it laterdied (* to Palmernotes aslight decrease in Flycatcher wasdocumented with Alaska.Incredib135 another T.C.W.C.). An imm.Black- theKingsville area as well but photosand tape recordings in Sharp•tailedwasdescribed at leggedKittiwake was at Bolivar remarked thatthe proportion of PineCanyon ofBig Bend May 6 AustinMay 4 (D•i etaL), FlatsApr. 28 (?BG, PB). LessertoCommon nighthawks (CS); the bird vocalized allday Unfortunatd•this 2nd bird was A CaspianTern at Austin seemshigher than normal. andeven investigated atree cavi- notphotograpl•ed andwas seen May8(BF) furnished oneofvery ty,but could not be locatedsubse- onlybriefly. Detailed plum•age few records there. Asingle Least SWIFTS TO quentl• An Ash-throated -descriptionbySimon Suggests Tern at L. BalmorheaApr. 20(PL WOODPieCI(ERS Flycatcherin Caprock Canyons 'thiswas a di•er•iitbi• th'•nat etal.)& 30 (ph.ML) providedan A loneChimney Swift, a rare Feb.22 was the earliest on record Villagecreek. Both.rec6rds have unusualrecord. Other Least spring visitor tothe Big Bend area, forthat region (BP). Had it over- 'been•ubmitt•d•oth•T. i3.•C• Ternsof interest included oneon wascarefully studied over the wintered?An Ash-throatedMay ...... theRio Grande in BigBend May BasinMay 3 (RW). A Green 23 at FossilRim WildlifePark 8 (L & JZ etal.), one in Austin Violet-earwas photographed at provideda newSomervell record Apr.24 (HB),one in FortWorth May4 & 24 (PRo,CS), one in El SanBenito, Cameron (SBe, LM) (JWS,MR). An earlyBrown- May4 (LH),and one in KerrMay PasoMay 24 (_IS),and one at Apr.21, andanother was pho- crestedFlycatcher was in the 12(TG).Red-neckedPhalaropesLake O'The Pines May 30 (JHu, tographedMay 21 at Helotes, Rockportarea Apr. 29 (CC), wereone at MidlandMay 11 N.E.T.EO.). Bexar(C&SSh).Theserepresentwhere uncommon. Very rare in (DK,m.ob.), a firstspring record the 11th and 12th acceptedthe Hill Countrywas a Great there(fide FW), one at Mitchell DOYESTO recordsin Texas.A Broad-billedi Kiskadee inMedinaMay27 (P & L. May19 (ph. WS), and one at NIGHTIARS . TF). An apparentSulphur-bel- Ft.Bliss May23 (BZ). White-wingedDovesare rarely • •{• lied Flycatcherwas briefly reportedin thePanhandle, soone observed.Apr. 28 at Packery JAEGERS to fourin LubbockMar. 5-May • ChannelCo. Parkon PadreI. TOTERNS 13(JCo)were interesting.Inca -.]• • (?MC,PLw). The pair of Onem two ad. PomarineJaegers Dove has yet to be confirmed• ,,• , TropicalKingbirds detected in 13-May7 (ph.,m.ob.). Awell- itscontinuingpresencemakesthis remainedthrough May and describedLitde Gull was with a eventalmost inevitable (fide KS). attemptedto nest (JA, RR, wereflockofat migrant BolivarFranklids FlatsGulls Apr. nestingApair was incopulatingthe n. Panhandle, inAmarillo but , •/'/ ß m.ob.),Brownsvillethe first nestingin FebruaryinTexas. •.,, ..... in April(JPr), and another was A Couch'sKingbird n. ofVictoria heardthere May 14 (PA).Eight Apr.27 was n. of the species' regu- Con•Ground-Doves werenetted Texas,/kuri121,1001.Green Violet-ear atSan ThisBenito, flray larrange, but another inAustin • • . atKickapoo inMa• and a juv. fromMexicohasturnedupmoreApr.23-26 was farther afield, • ,• {• birdwas there May 26 (KB), an . •rmluent!yinr•e.t yeare; this providinga firstcounty record unusuallyhigh number for that wasthe 11th Texas reeonl. (FW,J & BR).A pairof Thick- • • location.An apparently territorial PhotograplVSteveBentsen. billedKingbirds returned for the •- pairofWhite-tippedDoveswasat 4thyear to nestat Cottonwood • • aCorpus Christi site Apr. 4 (A& Hummingbird,accidental in Campground,BigBend (m.ob.). • • ' MC), threewere at onesite in Texas,was in BigBend May 18 Anadditional pair at RioGrande AdultPomarine Jaeger atBolivar KenedyMar. 16 (RW), andsix (•ML). Buff-belliedHumming- Villagethe last week of Maywas Flats,Galveston County, Texas, werethere Apr. 22 (W.A.S.).The birdsmoved onto the coastal bend alsonest-building (JSe, PRo et onMay 7,1001. One orbno spedeswas also seen and heard aswell as Kingsville, Falfurrias, al.). This species isflirting with individualswereevidently here occasionallyinKlebero• Aflock of andSarita in Marchand April losingitsstatus as"accidental" in onthe beach forseveral weeks. about12 Green Parakeets was (AO,N&PP, A&AAeta/.)but I Texas!AW. Kingbird Mar. 5in Photograph/KevinT.Karison. reported on a ranchn. of hadlargely disappeared bylate Austinprovided a first March over VillageCreek Mar. 14 Raymondville(BK, fide PP). May;a fewwere still present at recordfor that area. Aremarkable (?MR). There are now 12 Anotherflock of about40 was in Satitaand Corpus Christi. A Buff- sixspecies ofkingbirds were nest- acceptedrecords in Texas.An BrownsvilleApr. 27 (JA),where bellledin De Witt(DMu) was rare. ingin thestate by late May! The imm. California Gull at "two pairswere seen entering Two Lewis' Woodpeckersparade of tyrannidsfinishes with CalaverasL., Bexar(ph. ?WS), woodpeckercavities indead palm thatarrived in thefall lingered at aFork-tailed Flycatcher near Gil- Mar. 15was a rarefind. Adding trunks."Six Green ParakeetsMidland until Apr. 23; onelin- christ, Galveston,Apr. 23-25 to thegrowing list of Thayer's spentthe night ofMay 9 roosting gereduntil the remarkable date (WD,BD, ph. JA, MWy, JMuetal.). Gullsin Texaswas an adultat inO'Neil's Falfurrias yard. of May 24 (JBtfide FW). A High1. Apr. 21 (MR, ph.TE, Black-billedCuckoos were Williamsods Sapsuckerat SWALLOWSTO JM, ? to T.B.R.C.).The "regu- reportedto be morenumerous MidlandMar. 9 (DK, m.ob.) PIPiTS lar" MustangI. LesserBlack- thanusual this spring (m.ob.). A provideda 4th record from that Stillrare in Lubbock,the first backedGull remained until Apr. Black-billedCuckoo in Johnsonarea; another was in the Davis PurpleMartin of the season 8; anotherappeared near the May 11 (CE) furnisheda first Mts.Mar. 12-13(FB). appearedMar. 6 (NS). Cliff

Volume45, Number 3.471 VIREOS,WARBLERS seenthrough the season.An White-eyedVireos made an earlyYellow Warbler was singing unprecedentedinvasion of habi- at AransasMar. 9 (CC). Rare AV•f •fYe•w-grek• Vireolfinds on the Coastal Bend tatsat Kickapoo that are normal- .returnedto: Laguna •ta•COSa, ly occupiedby Black-cappeds includeda c3 Cape May at (KB).A White-eyedin Amarillo [:bdt •we received ican• inform a_ PackeryChannel Apr. 27 (A & :tiøn on'their nesting p?ogress. May 19 providedonly the 5th MC) and a c3 Black-throated Panhandle record. Sabine / Thisisi,b, ecoming adaSsic Caseof the Enigma gf Regula•Blue on PadreI. Apr. 26 (A & Woods in the s.e. corner of the Rarifies••his rna•be 3• ;9nlyMC, E & NA). A c3 Hermit statehosted a migrantBell's breedingV•r 6f ibissped• in Warblerat SabinePass Apr. VireoApr. 20, wherethe species the UnitedStates, bui because 12-13 (TW, RR etal.)provided is very rare (WG). Gallucci, they{!) fiavbe.en epotted in thefirst U.T.C. recordin nearly Scott, and others scoured the pr•iou•yeari,•)g?i at i'veO 20 years. Golden-cheeked Fork-tailedFlycatcher near Black-cappedVireo rangeto accessibl•location, and (•) hav• Warblerswere foundin good Gilchrist,Galveston County, Texas, searchfor colonies.Among the been easy to find foi fih•r0ui numbers at Fossil Rim Wildlife April23,1991. Seventhstate morenotable finds was a singing observers,no one makes the Park, Somervell,a new location record.Photograph/Mark Wynja. male in Zavala s. of Hill effortto documentthemor'even (JWS etal.). Two Yellow-throat- Country,where there are no pre- reportthem to/. rveffaneed Warblers in Fort Worth were Swallowswere spreadingdra- viousbreeding records (TG), as assumessomeone eke will report at a locationwhere the species maticallyinto portionsof e. well as the first recent(post- them,Two othe• fallaCies may last nested in 1980. The "wave" Texas,where previously uncom- 1975) recordsof territorialbirds of Palm Warblers included two mon and local. Cliff and Barn misleadobservers. •yReporting in Llanoand Medina (TG); other a rarityto a rarebird alert tape reports from San Antonio swallowshave largelyyielded territorial birds in Blanco, (m.ob.) and another in Austin niches to Cave Swallows in willlikely notbe suffidenl lbget Comal,and Hays,where the the information to AB. We can_ Apr.27 (GL etal.). much of s. Texas, with some speciesisextremely local (TG); 8 notcall all 5 Texas•es every Eighty Am. Redstartsin localexceptions (AO, N & PP, pairs at DinosaurValley (PS, day.Also, information provided NacogdochesMay 10 was a large SB). In late April, the species CH, m.ob.); and 3 territoriesat on tapesis inadequateto docu- inlandnumber (DW, BG). Nice nested for the first time in the the species'last strongholdin mentrarities. (2) Forrari ties on finds in Fort Worth included a Dallas at the Dallas Nature Austinregion, just e. of Luling, refugesor parks,w• may not KentuckyWarbler May 11 (CH, Gonzales(GL, CS). A few Caves Center (JP). Gallucci also hear about them from their staff. EW)and two Hoodeds May I & were also seen in the Austin area observedasinging Gray Vireo in Thesehard-working people do 4 (MR). Thirty-four Canada proper(BF). Caves had returned e. KerrMay 19, believedto be usa favorto sendreports as their Warblersnear Bastrop May 11 the easternmost for Texas. A to Sea Rim to nest by early workloads allow; sometimes was a remarkable concentration Yellow-throated Vireo in March(WG et al.). A ScrubJay theirduties simply prevent them (BF). A Painted Redstart in atPalmetto S.P. May 31 wase. of LubbockMay 1 & 18 (DS) was from communicatingwith us. G.M.N.P.May 5 wasconsidered the firstthere since 1983; anoth- its regularrange (TG). There Thebottom line is: we needyou, accidental(WLfideMF); another were2 activebut poorlyplaced er was in McKittrick Canyon, theactive observ• to communi- in PineCanyon, Big Bend, May 6 Mexican Crow nests at the Port G.M.N.E, May 5-26, a 2nd catedirectly with us.Without wasthe first reported there in a of Brownsville(JA, PL); the fate parkrecord (MF). At theirnewly suchcommunication, the record fewyears (CS). A well-described of theseattempts is unknown. A colonizedoutpost in Real, a c3Olive Warbler was an exciting Chihuahuan Raven at Port will be lostfrom ornithological Hutton'sVireo was singing May history,which AB and the find in lowlandhabitat at Big AransasApr. 15 mayhave been 4 (BA), and a femalewas seen T.B.R.C.try so hard to preserve. BendMay 3 (C & RCu et al.); the first on the coast of the May 13-14 (JG). Philadelphia none of the species'6 Texas CoastalBend (CC). Vireoswere widely regarded as reports(all from Big Bend) have A "Black-crested" Titmouse morenumerous in migrationin e. and c. Texas. Observers visit- at BuffaloL. May 23 (KS) was Table1. EasternWarblers in WestTexas, Spring 1991. onlythe 2nd sighting at thatfar ing the TropicalKingbirds in w. location. Brown-headed Brownsville found a bonus Golden-winged Apr.30 Rio Grande Vii. A & MC Nuthatcheswere again noted at Black-whiskeredVireo May 25 Golden-winged May 1 FortBliss* ph.BZ their newlyfound outpostin (tRR, MWh, JBu);ir departed Tennessee May 12, 16& 21 Buffalo L. KS after 5 minutes and could nor be Van Zandt (RK, GH, JN). N. Parula Apr.17 Palo Duro KS Notable were Winter Wrens in relocated.This representsthe Chestnut-sided May8 Midland J & DMe FalfurriasMar. 28 (AO) and in 6th Texasrecord if acceptedby Magnolia May8 Oldham RSc RandallApr. 20 (T.EA.S.), as the T.B.R.C. Bl.-thr.Blue Apr.27 BootSprings ML well asa SedgeWren in Dallas A remarkablediversity of e. Bl.-thr.Blue May4 CottonwoodCamp. B & LC May 4 (fideRR). A straySedge warblersspread out overthe w. Blackburnian May21 Buffalo L. KS Wrenwas at L. BalmorheaApr. halfof the state; highlights are in Yellow-throated May8 Buffalo L.KS 20 (PL, SF). Fifteen Mountain Table 1. Blue-wingedand Palm Apr.27-30 Balmorhea TJ, ML Bluebirdsin CrosbyMar. 9 (C & Golden-wingedwarblers were Palm May7 Lubbock JCo ML) werethe only ones reported morenumerous in e. partsof the Blackpoll May7-8 ChisosMtns. RAR, m.ob. all winter in that area. A c3 state. There seemed to be a few Prothonotary May 16 CottonwoodCamp. GLare morereports of hybridsas well VariedThrush lingered at Smith Ovenbird May 16 Buffalo L.KS Point, Chambers,until Mar. 12 (all"Brewster's"), including one Ovenbird May20 G.M.N.E* JRo (P & TF, SG et al.). A Brown bandedat DriftwoodApr. 26 Kentucky Apr.29-May 1 Amarillo ACa, KS Thrasher, a rare visitor to (De). Two VirginiœsWarblers Kentucky May5-6 Amarillo GJ G.M.N.P., frequenteda Pine addedto warblerdiversity at Kentucky May5-6 G.M.N.E MF Springsfeeder Mar. 14-May 12 BuffaloL. May 8 (KS;see Table Hooded May8 Buffalo L. KS (MF). Sprague'sPipits set a new 1).Lucy's Warblers showed up at latedate at L. TawakoniApr. 28 CottonwoodCampground, Big * First area records. (RK etal.). Bend,Mar. 15 (JMu) and were

472 -American Birds, Fall 1991 G.M.N.E May 13 (MF) provid- in boldface)Peggy Acord, Tony Massey,Brad McKinney, Don & ed a first park record.The Amos, Avis & Arvid Anderson, Ruthie Melton, Joann & Don Henslows Sparrow near Beryl Armstrong, Rich Merritt (J & DMe), G. Scott Freeportlingered at leastuntil Armstrong,Eddy & Nina Mills, Laura Moore, PeteMoore, Mar. 17 (CH etal.),andone-two Arnold, John Arvin, Lois Jim Morgan, Evelyn Morris othersstayed a week later at Augustson,Mike Austin, Sharon (EMo), Ernest& Kay Mueller, Smith Point, Chambers(CH, Bartels, Robert Barth, Jim John Muldrow (JMu), Derek TE, JA etal.). One of the better Beard, Charles Bender, Steve Muschalek (DMu), Michael finds in n. Texas was a well- Bentsen (SBe), Duane Berry Musumeche,Kenneth Nanney, describedSharp-tailed Sparrow (DBe),Peter Billingham, Nancy Jim Newman (JNe), Northeast May 16 at BigCreek L., Delta Bird, Al Bjelland,Lori Black Texas Field Ornithologists (MWh). The imm. Golden- (LBk), Lou Bliss,Beth Blount, (N.E.T.EO.), JuliusNussbaum, crownedSparrow wintering near Dave & Dody Bradford(D & John O'Connell, Mitchell This"Brewster's Warbler," a Amarillostayed through Mar. 9; DBr), Hugh Brown, Kelly Oliphant,Andy O'Neil, Brent hybridof Golden-wingedX Blue- remarkably,another in ed. Bryan,Lawrence Buford (LBu), Ortego,Nancy Palmer,Paul wingedwarblers, was netted for plumagevisited the same feeder FrankBumgardner, Judy Burgy Palmer (South Texas: 615 S. bendingat Driftwood,Hays Connty, May 2-3 (TM). A Lapland (JBu),Sheriton Burr (SBu),Joy Wanda,Kingsville, TX 78363), Texas,on April 26, 1991. Butts (JBt), Annette Carlisle Mike Patterson,Dick Payne,Jim Photograph/DonConnell. Longspurin MidlandMar. 15 provideda 3rd county record (J (ACa), Charlie Clark, Jeremy Peterson, Garland Porter, yetbeen documented by photos, & DMe). Clark (JCI), Jim Clark, R.D. Barbara Potthast, Prairie & taperecordings, orspecimen. Bobolinks were not numer- Coggeshall,Jim Collier(JCo), Timbers Audubon Society ous on the U.T.C., but strays Don Connell, Adie & Mel (ET.A.S.), Joann Pruitt (JPr), TANAGERSTO werereported in Kenedyon the Cooksey,Buck & LindaCooper, WarrenPulich, Sr., Judy Rainger FINCHES remarkabledate of Mar. 23 (PP, Sue Cox, Gay Craft, Mark (JRa),Ross Rasmussen, Martin A SummerTanager in Corpus K.B.W.C.)and in MidlandMay Cranford (MCr), Dorothy Reid, Bill Reiner(BiR), Roger Christi Mar. 5 was the earliest 12-16 (FW, m.ob.;first county Creagh(DCr), Wes Cureton, Reisch(RRe), John & Barbara everthere (CC). Followingwin- record).Two flocks totalling 155 Carolyn& RayCuthbertson (C Ribble,A. & H. Richards,Peter ter's scattered reports, W. Yellow-headed Blackbirds was a & RCu), Dallas County Riesz, Bob Righter (BoR), Tanagerscontinued to showup goodnumber for the Austin area Audubon Society(D.C.A.S.), TeresaRisdon, Jan & Will Risser in unexpectednumbers. As Apr. 23 (CS). Four Com. DavidDauphin, Pat Davenport, (J & WRi), SamRobbins, Bill usual,a few were on the U.T.C., Gracklesvisited G.M.N.E Apr. BettyRae Davis, Jim Day (.IDa), Rogers(BRg), J. Romano (JRo), but at least seven were found in 12, for a 3rd parkrecord (MF). Louis Debetaz (LDe), Laurel Ernie Roney, Phil Rostron the CorpusChristi area (A & Bronzed Cowbirds appeared Devaney,Brent Diakow, Wayne (PRo), Bob & JoanRoth (B & MC, m.ob.).A c•W. Tanagerin morenumerous in theKingsville Diakow,Gladys Donohue, Jon JRo), RoseAnn Rowlett, San NacogdochesMay 3 provideda and Kerrville areas; Midland Dunn, CharlesEasley, Nancy & Antonio Audubon Society first local record (BG). There observersfound their first May Ed Elliott, Fred & Jan Elston, (S.A•k.S.), Bill Sappington, wereunprecedented numbers of 11-18 (LB1,LA). A c• Hooded Ted Eubanks, Jr., Shawneen Gloria Saylor, Peter Scott, LazuliBuntings in n.c. Texas Oriole in Palo Duro May 27 Finnegan,Mark Flippo, Fort RosemaryScott (RSc), Willie (six) and in the Austin area (.IRa)was unprecedented. Worth Audubon Society Sekula,Jeff Selleck (JSe), Chuck (anothersix) May 4-12 (m.ob.). PurpleFinches were numer- (EW.A.S.), Bill Foster (BFo), Sexton, Ken Seyffert A c• Painted Bunting in ousthrough mid-March in the NancyFouchet, Phyllis & Tony (Panhandle:2206 S. Lipscomb, LongviewMar. 11 was 4-5 FortWorth area, the only region Frank, BobbyeFrazier (BoF), Amarillo, TX 79109), Carlton weeksearly (AB). Dickcisselsreporting any numbers this sea- BrushFreeman, Tony Gallucd, & ShirleyShead (C & SSh), arrived en massethe last week of son. The last House Finch from Steve Gast, John Gee, Brian Nick Short,J.W. Sheford,David April; active observerseven the e. Texas winter invasion was Gibbons, William Graber, III., Simon (DSi), Nina Sindair, reported having "Dickcissel at NacogdochesMar. 20 (BHd, Laurens Halsey, Bill Hand Lawrence& Ruth Smith,John Nightmares"because of their fideDW); othersin Huntand (BHd), GeorgeHarmon, Ed Sproul,June Stacey (JSt), Tom incessantsinging virtually every- westward in n. Texas were of Harper, Carl Haynie (North Stehn, Darleen Stevens, Elton where outdoors in e., c., and s. uncertaingeographical origin. Central Texas: 737 Stilwell, Cliff Stogner(CSt), Texas. Some first Johnsonrecords Meadowcrest,Azle, TX 76020), Dorinda Sullivan (DSu), A Brewer'sSparrow was included a House Finch Mar. 26, JimHenderson, Julie Hill (JHi), Marilyn Sumner, Texas describedfrom AustinApr. 10 upto 17Red Crossbills at Keene Buddy Hollis (BHo), Marge PanhandleAudubon Society (FW), where very rare. A Mar. 11-12, and a Lesser Hooks, Jack Hudson (JHu), (T.EA.S.), Travis Audubon GrasshopperSparrow found Goldfinch in Cleburne Mar. 1 MissyJackson, Nick Jackson, Society(T./LS.), Peggy Trosper, dead on the highway at (CE).Unexpected were a Cassin's Pete Janzen, Tom Johnson, A1Valentine, Ro Wauer, Fred S. Finchand an Evening Grosbeak George Jury, Greg Keiran, Webster Jr., Tex Wells, Ed in DogCanyon, G.M.N.P., May Donna Kelly, Jeff Kingcry, Wetzel, Matt White (MWh), 8 (RRe);virtually no montane KingsvilleBird & WildlifeClub Wichita (Kansas) Audubon birdsappeared there earlier in the (K.B.W.C.), Richard Kinney, Society, Sue Wiedenfeld, winter. A dead Red Crossbillwas Bruce Kraatz, Ed Kutac, Steve FrancesWilliams, Scott Wilson foundin MidlandApr. 15 Oqde Labuda(SLa), Greg Lambeth (ScW), AnseWindham, David FW). Invadingfrom somewhere(GLam), Greg Lasley, Bill & Mimi Wolf, Mark Wynja were numerous Lesser Lawley, Ed Lebean, Paul (MWy), Linda& JohnZemple, GoldfinchesatKickapoo inApril Lehman, PeterLewellen (PLw), Barry Zimmer (Trans-Pecos: (KB).A groupof 100+Evening W. Lewis, Leon Litre, Llano 6720 Heartstone Ct., El Paso, Henslows Spa•ow has become Grosbeakswas at L. Tanglewood,Estacado Audubon Society TX 79924).--GREG W. scarceas a winteringbird in Randall,Mar. 1 (TJ). (L.E.A.S.), Cindy & Mark LASLEY,305 LoganberryCt., coastalTexas; this lingeringbird Lockwood, Paul Lockwood Austin, TX 78745, and wasat SmithPoint, Chambers Contributors and cited CHUCK SEXTON, 101 E. Coenty,on March17, 1991. (PLo), SueLower, Guy Luneau Photograph/TedEubenks. observers:(subregional editors (GLu), RobertMachover, Terry 54th Street,Austin, TX 78751.

Volume 45, Number 3' 47a HAWKST0 IDAHO-WESTERN GULLS MONTANAREGION oKootefiaiNWR :':!•2.Glacier The pair of Bald Eaglesat %•[-N• '.. Kootenai N.W.R. hatched one ThomasH. Rogers young,and anothernest e. of BonnetsFerry was also success- ful (JJR).A fewlingered in the valleyaround Fortine. A pair March weather in this varied attemptedto nest along the Regiontended to be mild and lower Coeur d'Alene R. but somewhatdry, though with abandonedthe attempt,possi- much variation from area to blybecause of toomany people area.An exceptionwas Kootenai and boats(JN). At least5 of 7 National Wildlife Refuge, Bald Eagle nests between BonnetsFerry, Idaho, where Livingston LakesideKalispell, MT, were cool, wet weather prevailed successful,including one new muchof the spring,with much _... . nest;at least11 youngsurvived snowin earlyMarch. Waterfowl to the period'send (DC). A nestingwas delayed there. April Broad-wingedHawk was soar- likewise varied from cool to aver- ing aboveGibson Jack Cr. s. of age,wet to dry. May, on the Pocatello,ID, May 7 (CHT). A other hand, was cool nearly IDAHO ,i;.... "Hadan's"Hawk was reported everywhere,but again with vari- ,•-<':-. near Potlatch, ID (ZP). A ableprecipitation. SnakeR American i.. FerruginousHawk n. of Somers High water levels at Apr.4 wasunusual (DC). AmericanFalls Reservoir, Idaho, Six to eight Wild Turkeys and lack of water in alkaline flats werespotted along Cottonwood of that areaproduced a poor Pocatello"•}ir Cr. w. of Lewiston,ID, May 12 shorebirdshowing. Some species (HH). A N. Bobwhiteappeared were early and otherslate at w.of Coeur d'Alene May 30, and Fortine,Montana. Few reporters low numbers in s.e. Idaho, April,but fourRoss' Geese lin- a CaliforniaQuail was there Apr. remarked about the effects of whereone was sighted at Mud geredthere into mid-May (CHT 15 (RB). weather. LakeW.M.A. May 5 andanoth- etal.). A Ross'was reported with Sandhill Cranes numbered er on SpringfieldBottoms, Canadasalong the Coeur 300 Mar. 3 in the valley at LOONSTO Bingham,May 11 (CHT). Four d'AleneR., Kootenai,ID, Apr. Emmett,ID (CS). Whoopping EGRE'rS Cattle Egretswere near Mud 19 (MB); the specieswas noted Craneswere noted at GraysLake The peak number for Corn. Lake May 5 (CHT), and one atLetha, ID, Apr.9 (CS).A male N.W.R.,s.e. Idaho, May 9 (TB) Loonwas 72 on Apr. 14 at Twin was found on Swan L. in the Garganeyat a Charlopond Apr. and at Red Rock LakesN.W.R., Lakesnear Preston, ID (FR). A IslandPark, ID, areaMay 21 4 apparentlywas only the 2nd or Lima, MT, Apr. 15-May 23 few were on Coeur d'Alene L., (SP). 3rd Montanarecord (RJ, MJ). (KN). Genesee Pond n. of ID, in April andMay. Nesting SeveralEur. Wigeonsightings Lewiston,ID, hostedfour Black- pairswere on Bull andMurphy WATERFOWL came from the Flathead and neckedStilts May 5 (JH, MH). Lakesnear Fortine, MT, and 2 Tundra Swanswere moving Bitterroot Valleys of n.w. Two Am. Avocetsappeared at wereat Dry L. in thatvicinity in throughMar. 8 to mid-April, Montanain mid-March;they KootenaiN.W.R. May 17; the lateMay, the firstever there in with onelingering at Kootenai are regularin the Flatheadin specieshas appearedthere in Winton Weydemeyer'sexperi- N.W.R. to the period'send. A earlyspring (DC), andat least springthe last 3 years(JJR). ence. A pair of Red-necked "Bewick's" Swan was observed onewas in the BlackfootValley Unusual were four Lesser Grebeswas nesting at BullL.; with Tundras in a marsh w. of n.e. of Missoula, MT, in mid- YellowlegsatHauser L., Kootenai, oneat DickeyL. in thatvicinity Kellogg,ID, Mar.21 (JH,MH). May (PLW).A Eur.Wigeon at ID, Apr. 13 (PG).A breeding- wastaken by Bald Eagles (WW). Unusualwas the sightingof a MudL. Apr.21 was suspected of plumagedDunlin appeared near Two wereon SilverL., Harriman TrumpeterSwan with green beingahybrid with Am. Wigeon AberdeenSpottsmaœs Park, ID, S.E, Fremont,ID, in May (JS); neckcollar No. 67 on a pond s.e. (BH, DM, JT). Ninepipe May 18 (LG, JB).A Short-billed theyhave nested there for several of Cahllis, ID. It had been N.W.R. had a GreaterScaup Dowitcherwas sightednear years. One pair arrived at markedby the IdahoDept. of Mar. 17 (RJ);the speciesis sus- Market Lake W.M.A. May 5 Kootenai N.W.R., Bonners Fish & Game as part of the pectedof being uncommon (CHT). Ferry, ID, Apr. 22 (JJR). effortto moveTrumpeters to there but seldom identified Unusual were six Franklins American White Pelicans were more reliablewinter foraging (PLW). BetweenKalispell and Gullsnear Boise May 2 (ST). again noted at Ninepipe areasalong the SnakeR. (LH). Somers,MT, GreaterScaup out- Over50 Bonaparte'sGulls were N.W.R., Charlo, MT (RJ). About ten of the rdocated, numberedLessers on ponds at SpringfieldPonds, s.e. Idaho, Double-crested Cormorants markedbirds showed up at L. (DC) thefirst 2 weeksof April. A Apr.27 (CHT). In theLewiston wereseen more often along the Helena,MT, Mar. 9 (GH), and c3Harlequin Duck was sighted areathree were sighted May 4 Flathead R. n. of Flathead L., one marked bird was on the alongthe Lochas R., Idaho,ID, (JH) andone May 8 (BA).Nine n.w. Montana, but therestill was SwanR. e. of Bigfork,MT, in Apr. 12 (KC). A SurfScoter was California Gulls visited no knownnesting colony n. of April(DC). found on the Snake R. at Swan LewistonMay 4 (JH). A Least Ninepipeand Pablorefuges of ThompsonL. had a visit FallsDam s. of Boise,ID, Mar. Tern wasidentified over Helena, thatlake (DC). fromthree Snow Geese May 6 30 (MRC, FK, GF). A pair of MT, Mar.22, foronly about the TwoGreat Egrets appeared at (JN), andeight were at Man L., Red-breastedMergansers was on 3rdstate record (EN). ThompsonL., Kootenai,ID, LewistonOrchard, ID, Apr. 7 KootenaiN.W.R. Apr. 18, for May 1 (SW), and onewa• there (C.B.). Some 10,000 Snow onlythe 2nd record there (JJR). May 6 (JN).They continued in Geeseleft Mud Lakeby mid-

474-American Birds,Fall 1991 0wt$ •0 (CHT, ES, SH). A 9 "Myrtle" in reducednumbers May 4 at SHRIKES Warbleraccompanied '•udu- Pocatello,and largeflocks of MOUNTAINWEST Three Flammulated Owls were bon's"Warblers at BoiseMay 15, Am. Goldfinches were around heard in the South Hills s. of and a male and a female were all springthere (CHT). Two REGION TwinFalls, ID, in lateMay (JTr). there May 21 (ST). Single courting Lesser Goldfinches HughE. Kingery A Great Horned Owl nest was Townsend'sWarblers were sight- weresighted near Mink Cr. s.of locatedin a grainelevator at edin BoiseMay 19 and21 (JL; Pocatelloin lateMay (BAk). Moscow,ID (KD). A N. Pygmy- ST). An Ovenbirdsang in a Owl wasfound near Magic Mt. thicketat CherrySprings s. of Addenda: Caldwell, ID, had a The seasonproduced a fairly Ski Resort s. of Hansen, ID PocatelloMay 25 (CHT, m.ob.). "Yellow-shafted"Flicker (AL) normalmigration in theRegion, (JTr).In lateApril, a Burrowing As many as eight Wilson's andNampa, ID, a BlueJay, both thoughwith moreBonaparte's Owl at the Helenaairport was Warblers were observed in one in January1991 (NS). Gulls,espedally in Utah, and the first sightingthere since dayin Boisein May(ST). fewer shorebirds in central 1987 (fideVY). A BarredOwl Western Tanagersmoved Observerscited: (SubregionalNevada. Reports include two was found at FarragutS.P., throughBoise in large num- editorsin boldface)Bill Adler, new state birds: Curlew Kootenai,ID, in lateApril (SW, bers-up to 50 in a day,mostly Bill Akersten(BAk), Richard Sandpiperin Utah and Blue- PG, RK, WK), and one was males.A fewwere catching hon- Beeks,Joan Bergstrom,Mike wingedWarbler in Nevada,plus sightedin thePodatch, ID, area eybees,flycatcher-style (ST). Blackbird,Dave Burrup, Terri two speciesnot recordedin (ZP). Additional Boreal Owl LazuliBuntings, counted one at Butler,Canyon Birders (CB), Coloradofor over 75 years records continue to show that a time at a Boise feeder, num- Keith Carlson, Dan Casey, E. Reddish Egret, and Lucy's the bird is more common and bered100 May 11and 150 May Cleveland, Mark R. Collie, Kas Warbler,and one only heard but widespread than formerly 18 (ST). A Green-tailedTowhee Durmese,Georgia Frazier, Pam never seen--Black Rail. We thought.One was looking out of was noted at Cottonwood Cr. Gontz, Larue Gregerson, report on three expanding a birdhouse at St. JosephPass near Boise May 7 (EC). LucindaHaggas (LH), Sandra species: Great-tailed and betweenRed RocksLakes, MT, ChippingSparrows in wavesof Haigh,Brad Hammond, Linda Commongrackles, and Eastern and HenrysL., ID (DS), and 50s passedthrough Boise in Helding(LHe), Hank & Winnie Bluebirds. oneresponded toa call along the mid-May (JL, ST, DJ). A Fox Hepburn, John & Martha Despitecold fronts and pre- TetonR. nearSt. Anthony,ID Sparrowwas reported from the Hirth, GeorgeHolton, Hunt cipitation,the long-term effects (MS).Single N. Saw-whetOwls KinneyCr.-Scout Mt. areaof (H), Marian & Ron Jenkins, of droughtwill probablyover- were heard in the Podatch, ID, PocatelloMay 2 (TB). A White- Dean Jones, Florence Knoll, powerthe briefrespite of wet area(ZP); at FernanL., Coeur throatedSparrow was near MerleneKoliner, AI Larson,Jim weather,especially atrefuges like d'Alene (SHS), and at Sterlingon the n. side of Lyons,Terry McEneaney, Dale Stillwater in Nevada. In addi- Polebridge,MT (DO). American Falls Res., ID, about Miller, GeraldMueller, Kenneth tion, seed-eatersfaced a lack of Both Vaux's and White- May 3 (BH), and onewas at a Niethammer, John Nigh, seeds,since they depend on last thmatedswifts were over Lucky Pocatellofeeder in late April Eugene Nixon, Dan Owens, year'scrop. Wet weather concen- PeakDam just s.e. of Boise,ID, (ES). One visiteda Boiseyard SusanPatla, Zoltan Porga, Frank trated birds at lower elevations in May 1 (MRC, FK). An Olive- May 8-9 (ST). A Golden- Renn,Jimmie J. Reynolds,Mike May in Utah.High windscame sidedFlycatcher visited a Boise crownedSparrow appeared at Schwitters,Ann Scofield,John with the wetnessin LasVegas park May 15 (ST). An Ash- Emmett,ID, May 7 (H), and Shipley,Don Stoecker,Eric and Colorado, which made throatedFlycatcher was calling one was photographednear Stone,Brian Sturges, Shirley H. observationdifficult but may nearPocatello May 25 (CHT), Milltown, MT, May 28 (LHe, Sturts, Colleen Sweeney,Joel have blown in some rarities. and four were found in the CT, TT). A "Gambel's"White- Tinsley (JT), Carol & Terry junipersw. of Stone,ID, May30 crownedSparrow, rare in Toppins, Dave Trochlell, BUGS AND BIRDS (CHT, JT). Two Bewick'sWrens YellowstoneN.P., was sighted Charles H. Trost (JTr), Jack Lepidopteranswinged over the were observed near Lewiston alongOld GardnerRd., MT, Trotter, Scott Tuthill, Carole Mountain West. In Yellowstone, OrchardsApr. 27 (CV, MK). May 5 (TM). White-crowneds, Vande Voorde, Susan Weller, an "incredible" invasion of Kalispellhad a BlueJay Apr. 4 mostlyGambel's, appeared in WintonWeydemeyer, Philip L. PaintedLadies painted the park (fide DC). Single Hermit unusuallyhigh numbersat Wright, Vince Yannone.-- orangeand black. In onehour Thrushmigrants were seen in a Missoulain early May (PLW, THOMAS H. ROGERS, on May 16, 1200passed a line Boisepark Apr. 30 andMay 15 m.ob.).Two Harris'Sparrows 10820 E. Maxwell, Spokane, 100 feet wide; extrapolation (ST). A N. Mockingbirdwas appearedat a feeder near WA 99206-4805. postulatedseveral hundred found nearPikabo, ID, on about Culdesac,ID, Apr. 23 (WH, thousand,or perhapsone mil- May 25 (JTr).A N. Shrike,sel- HH). lionin thepark. Birds feasted on domseen in theFortine vicinity Manyreports came in from the butterflies: Savannah, In recentyears, was seen there s.e. Idaho for Com. Grackles: Vesper, and White-crowned Apr.1 (WW). near Pocatello (CHT), in sparrows,Mt. Bluebird,Hermit Aberdeen (DB), in Ketchum Thrush, Brewer's Blackbird, WARBLERSTO (BS), near Idaho Falls and cowbird, cmw, California Gull, FINCHES Rexburg,and one in Boise(AL). evenSandhill Cranes. During a A 9 TennesseeWarbler, very Five Scott's Orioles were heard snowstormMay 9, hundredsof rare in the Helena area, was and seenw. of Stone, ID, about birdsin a feedingfrenzy con- sightedMay 24 (GM, GH). May25 (DT). A 9 PurpleFinch sumedlethargic butterflies with Single Orange-crownedvisited a Polebridge,MT, feeder dark profileson bright snow Warblersappeared in BoiseApr. for a fewdays, starting May 11. (TM). 30 andMay 2 (ST). Over 50 That feeder area had 50-100 The ColoradoFront Range Nashville Warblers were Cassin'sFinches all spring (DO). experiencedagigantic scourge of observedin the Boisearea Apr. Up to ninePurple Finches visit- "Miller" moths. A similar feed- 30 (MRC, FK). A Lucy'sWar- eda Helenafeeder in May (AS). ingfrenzy ensued. These moths blernear Aberdeen's Sportsman's Pine Siskins were abundant in hatch from cutworms in Kansas ParkMay 11 was a firstfor Idaho theTroy, MT, areaThey arrived and Oklahoma,migrate W to

Volume45, Number 3- 415 WATERFOWL A FulvousWhistling-Duck flew around Corn Creek n. of Las VegasApr. 9 (•VM). Trumpeter Swanreports included one Apr. 21 at LasAnimas, CO, grazing in an alfalfafield 0'MJ, 1stLat). The flock of 103 Ross' Geese at Grand Junction,CO, Mar. 16 %/•, •,..- Bear River ßRockSpnngs . .•:,.C..,heyen•ne-::---'•' - wasthe 2nd-highesttotal ever SaltL. xJ .... •..• eI reportedfrom the Region (CD); SaltLake• • •ernal •--"•'• 48 at Las Animas, CO, Mar. 6 Reno RubyLa•eNWR ß - •:': t I '?• eDe•er ß wasanother large count for the NEVADA Fish. Spr,ngs.•. . •. 2 I GrandJc,.:- .•-.•:- Region.Three Brantswere at . Lahontan Lunde Fallonand five at PyramidL., V•lley NV. May 14-15 (LN, BH, AJ). AnotherEur. Wigeon appeared, ß Dyer •;":;' •r---•;:',[•v •-Pueblo •mar thisone at Alcova,WY, Apr. 18 ß 'LJ Park - "•'• .... - (FL).Greater Scaups stopped at Las Vegas Las Vegas:10 Mar. 1-Apr. 9, downto 2 May 13 (•'RRu,MC ph*), GrandJunction, Denver, andWalsh, CO (•'JTh, lstLat).

RAPTORS Denver'sDinosaur Ridge hawk thehigh mountains for the sum- tape-wieldingbirders who are LOONSTO watchsite, manned Mar. 1-May mer, then return to the Midwest moreconcerned with augment- HERONS 3, produced2286 hawks,up to lay eggs.Migrant warblers inglife lists, year lists, and state The gahontanValley of Nevada from 2250 in 1990. Most abun- gobbled them---evenRuby- lists than with the welfare of againproduced a record number dant were 479 Red-taileds,465 crownedKinglets only a litde their quarry.Researchers are of migratingCom. Loons: 1005 Am. Kestrels,and 362 Turkey biggerthan the moths.Denver understandablycautious about Apr. 16, up from last years Vultures.Accipiters flew by in a streets swarmed with them--a revealingsuch sites. recordof 766 (LN, BH, AJ). differentratio from last year. In fuzzy brown blizzard--and The originalobserver laid Otherhigh counts were 197 at 1990 the watch tallied two House Sparrows frantically down strict rules for birders PyramidL, NV,Apr. 18, and 35 Coopersto oneSharp-shinned; chasedthe ubiquitousmoths lookingfor the Black Rail he had near Provo,UT, Apr. 14. The this year saw 292 Sharp- acrossthe asphaltand around found(see below). The 200 Am. Yellow-billed Loon that win- shinnedsand 256 Coopers. The parkedand movingcars. Each BirdingAssoc. birders conduct- tered at Rawhide Res. near watchrecorded 595 Accipiters, morning, when the guard ed to a Boreal nest found last Wellington, CO, stayed 575 Buteos, and 503 falcons openedthe gateat RockyMt. yearfollowed a carefullycon- throughearly June, always in the (DN, C.B.O.). Arsenal moths would stream trolled observation plan. companyof a smallerloon. The Denver hawk watch saw out, franticallypursued by Afterward, numerous observers Although reported in our 3 times as many Broad- obsessedW. Kingbirdswho venturedfrequently to thesame Winter report as a Common, wingeds--27--asthe total seen practicallylanded on the guards placewith tape recordersand thelatter has a disputedidentity. on the ground in Colorado shoulders. tree scratchers.The pair did The E.S.L. attracted 5000 Eared (eight).Good descriptions sup- fledgethree young in 1990,but GrebesApr. 1-9 at onesite, then portedBroad-winged Hawks at ETHICS AND BIRDERS no owls nested in that box in 5000 at a 2ndsite Apr. 30 (PP). SaltLake City May 5 (•CK) and Long-caredOwls built a nestby 1991. Nesting birds (and An Apr. 20 flockof grebesat MoabApr. 30 (•NB), yetUtah's a well-traveled road in Denver's migrants)may be more resource- Provo contained 500 Westerns fall hawk watches have recorded ChatfieldPark; public attention ful andpersistent than we sus- and 250 Clark's (MW). In numbers similar to Denver's. (either from bird watchers•it pect.Nonetheless, birders must prairie town Limon, CO, a Apparentlymany more Broad- wenton thelocal bird report-- first respectthe birds--and BrownPelican on May 9 posed wingedsmove through the or touristswanting to getcloser tespectthe rightsof property for a newspaperphotographer Mountain West than our terres- than 10 feet) causedabandon- owners. on top of a McDonald'srestau- trial observationsfind. The same ment.However, the pair re-nest- rant.It soondeparted for a bet- appliesto Ospreys:the Denver ed closeby and fledgedthree Abbreviations:E.S.L (Eastside, ter fishsupply (in June,Denver watchtallied 42, comparedwith young(DPe). Great Salt Lake); L/L/B/L had one or two). Observers a Regionaltotalof 38, disregard- BorealOwls calledApr. 3 (Longmont/Lyons/Berthoud/Lovel found two Least Bitterns: one ing nestingbirds at Flaming from sites on Teton Pass near and area, CO, usingFoothills aliveMay 19at Longmont, CO, Gorgeand Yellowstone. Logan Jackson,WY, and 5 territories Audubon Club records);R.E. andone dead May 18at RubyL. had an early arrival of 15 were located in Yellowstonedur- (RegionalEditor); 1st Lat (First N.W.R., NV. Colorado's 2nd SwainsonsHawks on Mar. 28; ing a detailedowl census(DP, latilongrecord [a latilongis out- ReddishEgret was an adult thebiggest reported flockwas 56 TM). Many birderswanted to ltnedby one degree each oflatitude engagedin the typicalcanopy at PawneeNat'l GrasslandMay know details about where to find and longitude,and measuresfeeding at a reservoirnear Rocky 1. Observersfrequently report this elusivespecies, but many about50by 70 mi]);ph* (photo- Ford May 27-29 (CO, •'MJ, out-of-season Rough-legged researchersknew more than they graphon file withR.E.); •' (writ- $DN). SheldonN.W.R., in n.w. Hawks but usuallywithout revealedto localand traveling tendescription onfile withR.E.); Nevada, had its first Green- descriptions;good documenta- birders.The troubleis this:any $ (writtendescription onfile with, backedHeron May 23 (B & tionsupported the one May 23 accessibleBoreal may haveto andsubject toapproval of, state or DS). at Rawlins,WY (•PS). Our AB contendwith nightlyforays by localrecords committee). reports imperfectly measure

476. American Birds,Fall 1991 Peregrinepopulations; however, 18 andLamar had two May 20. Observers found Com. Terns at Regionalreports have steadily Dunlins included 11 at Fish Indian Springs,NV, May 27; increasedeach year. This years SpringsN.W.R. Apr. 30, 1-4 at Delta,CO, May27 (PCD);and spring total came to 27 E.S.L., a 1st Lat at Green R., Cheraw,CO, May7. Peregrines,including one WY, May 8 (PJD,and four in A White-wingedDove spent attackinga Golden Eagle dudng Colorado. The first Curlew May19-23 at a feeder in Capitol territoryestablishment in Mesa Sandpiperfor the Regionwas ReefN.P.,UT (JS),and three to Verde N.P. foundby Paton at Ogden,UT: a sixwere found at Dyer, NV, May birdin breedingplumage, con- 25-28 (PL, SF,J & Me). Two RAILS,SHOREBIRDS sortingwith Western Sandpipers Inca Doves strayed N to Indian A searchfor Sedge Wrens near La and Dunlins (tPP, tES). SpringsMay 25 (SF,PL). Barn Juntaresulted instead in discov- Coloradoreported 12 Short- Owls, as Dexter said, are "more ery of Coloradosfirst visible billedDowitchers, two thought commonthan thought," both in Black Rail (the state had one to beof the caurinusrace(B &JP, his GrandJunction area and in soundrecord). Many sawthis DD. the rest of Colorado. In Grand cooperativebird during a hand- Junction,observers "with little fulof carefully conducted forays GULLSTO rime investment" found 8 of short duration. The bird Willetsat Walsh,Colorado, SWIFTS inhabited burrows. Barn Owls calledvigorously and moved April29, 1991. Photograph/ A LittleGull wasreported from thereburrow in claybanks of closeto the tape recorderin JanealW. Thompson. BonnyRes. May 12 ($JTb,JM). arroyosand river banks. Reports broaddaylight, for sparkling tions"(LN, BH, AJ). At Bear River N.W.R. the 100 of 17 others included two nest- views.It remainedMay 7 into Paton recordedimpressive Franklin'sApr.21 (JN) and 1000 ingin hollowtrees 30 feetapart June($DB, tMJ). counts of shorebirds from the at Denver. In the Arkansas The LahontanValley shore- E.S.L.: 1410 Black-bellied Valley,an E. Screech-Owlwas at bird count of 76,331 April Plovers,450 Sandealings,1500 PenroseApr. 17 (J & RW),while 24-30 declined 37% from Long-billedDowitchers, and three Westerns were 100 miles e. 1990. Totals included 39,084 at 20,000Red-necked Phalaropes. at LasAnimas Mar. 9 (DB). In Carson L. (down 52%) and A Lesser Golden-Plover SanLuis Valley, CO, Rawinski 31,325 at Stillwater W.M.A. stoppedat E.S.L. May 13-16 monitored 40 nest sites of Great The speciesincluded 27,300 (PP).The 47 SnowyPlovers at HornedOwls: 80% fledged 1-3 peeps, 22,878 dowitchers, Overton Apr. 30 and 11 at young. At the Rocky Mt. 14,384 Am. Avocets, and 9369 Logandalecreated the highest- Arsenal,CO, Rieckmannfound Dunlins(up 44%). "Fivecon- ever s. Nevada count (Me). 13 Great Horned Owl nests,8 secutiveyears of droughtare ThreeMt. Ploversat Saguache, Long-earedOwl territories, and havingtheir effect [especially at CO, May 1-16 provideda 1st 3 E. Screech-Owl nests. A Carson L.]. We suspectby Latand may have had breeding SpottedOwl searchin s. Utah observingflock behaviorthat intentions(J & ER). The 43 turnedup 6-8 pairs(SH). In invertebrateproduction on Whimbrels included three in Coloradoresearchers found only CarsonL. wasinferior to previ- Nevada,nine at Layton,UT, two birds at Mesa Verde N.P., ousyears. Peeps swept rapidly May 13, and31 in e. Colorado and 2-4 territories w. of Pueblo. overbroad expanses and back Apr.28-May 17.At E.S.L.1-4 A coterie of two to six again.Avocets and dowitchersRuddy Turnstones stayed May nighthawks, identified as dispersedwidely over the entire 12-26 (PP, CK). Red Knots Lessers,fed regularlyover a pond.Feeding behavior of all occurredregularly there Apr. marshat Grand JunctionMay groupscould be best described as 26-May 25, with a peakcount 7-June1; they remained silent at 'preoccupiedbordering on des- of 85 (PP). Reports of alltimes. Common Nighthawks perate.'Long-billed Dowitchers Semipalmated Sandpipers alsofed regularlyin the same were observed in ragged includedone at LasVegas Apr. place(pCD). A Black Swift plumageand body contours 21 (tRRu) and 130 at Lamar zoomedover Mr. FalconS.P., w. seemed to be thinner. No fat Apr.21 (MJ).The Regionrarely Heermann'sGull at Reno, Denver,May 19(tLM). reservedata was taken to corrob- seesPectoral Sandpipers in the Nevada,far from its usualcoastal orateor disproveour observa- spring,but Cheraw had one May haunts,on April 20, 1991. FLYCATCHERS photograph/EdwardKurtz. TO WRENS A convincingdescription of a Bonaparte'sGulls Apr. 20 (CIO LeastFlycatcher in songMay 31 suggestthat Utah's(formerly) supportsthe 2nd Utah report premierrefuge may be on the (pCK). Others were reported comeback trail. More of both from Fort Collins and Lyons, Franklin'sand Bonaparte's seem CO, May 21 & 24. A calling to make springstops in the CordllleranFlycatcher on Mt. Region.L/L/BIL recorded754 Charlestonnear Las Vegas May Franklin'sfor the spring (200 last 28 helpedtrace their breeding year), and Ordwayhad 100 range(pPL, SF). The same Franklin'sand 200 Bonaparte'sobservers found several calling Apr. 27. Bonaparte'sreports Pacific-slopeFlycatchers in w. camefrom 5 sitesin Nevada, 5 in Nevadain May. Rare Black Utah,one in Wyoming,and 11 Phoebesoccurred at Fallon, NV, Long-billedDowitchers at Walsh,Colorado, May 1, 1991. In thisdry region in Colorado.Reno sported two Mar. 10 andApr. 21 (JT ph*), of southeasternColorado, the localsewage ponds attract a notablevariety Heermann'sGulls Apr. 20 and and ColoradoSprings Mar. 31 of shorebirds.Photograph/Janeal W. Thompson. one May 11 (•EK ph*). (pTB). Other strayflycatchers

Volume 45, Number 3 - 477 included a Vermilion at Denver movedon (MJ). Apr. 17 (CW), Ash-throatedsat Nevada'sfirst Blue-winged DenverMay 11 (HK) and the Warbler at Ash Meadows PawneeMay 30 (BA), and a N.W.R. May 27 flockedwith Scissor-tailedat Las Vegas May Wilson'sand Yellow-rumpeds 10-12 (VM, MC ph*). Purple (,SF ph*, ,PL, ,MC). A Cape Martins visited Las Vegas, May Warblerstopped at Las Ogden(seven on May 31), and VegasMay 25 and was well- Fort Collins. A gang of 30 described, for Nevada's 3rd Chihuahuan Ravens cruised record (*CL *TW, *RS). around CottonwoodCanyon, Wyoming's4th Bay-breasted Baca,CO, May 13 (VZ). Warbler,a female,stayed May 23-26 at Fontanelle0L, *FL); a BLUEBIRDS TO Blackpoll accompaniedit. VIREOS Nevada rarities included a EasternBluebirds augmented Virginias at Unionville(w. of its their winter expansionby usualrange) May 26-27 (*JWl, extendingtheir breeding range *DM). Warblerswith fewerthan W to the edgeof the foothills. 25 state records induded a For the first time they nested Blackpolland an Ovenbirdat nearthe 3 biggestFront Range Dyer on May 26, and in Utah, cities: Pueblo and Colorado twoBlack-and-whites atCapitol Springs(lstLat), and at Denver's ReefMay 13and at LoganMay RockyMt. Arsenal(D.EO., DL, 19. Wyoming had two *DR); theArsenal pair fledged Chestnut-sideds at Fontanelle four young May 27. Several May 18and June 1 (FL). observerssaw a pair at Pawnee Colorado's 4th Lucy's SummerTanager at MonteVista, GrasslandApr. 30-May 31 but Warbler was seen and well- Colorado,May 7, 1991. did not confirmbreeding there describedat Grand Junction PhntograplVJohnJ. Rawinski. (DL, BA). On May 16-18 one May 11 (*TT, *RL). The only E. Bluebird fed on a lawn at other recordswere 3 collectedin Orioles (PWi, *FL). Denver MaleScntt's Oriole, well north RockSprings, WY (*FL lstLat). 1913. A Lucy's was in recordedtwo Summer Tanagers, of usuallimits, at SaltLake City, BrownThrashers appeared at MontezumaCanyon, s.e. Utah, andMonte Vista had one May Utah, May 12, 1991. Dyer,NV, May25 (*SF,PL) and May 26 (ES).Among migrants 17 (*JJRph*). Bothw. Nevada Photograph/BarbaraKarler. Mosca, CO, May 11 (JJR). with fewerthan 25 records,the andUtah reportedlarge num- BohemianWaxwings concluded state recorded three Hermits: bersofW. Tanagers;the Spring territory:Salt Lake City May 12 their winter visitation with Apr.30 in Puebloafter the snow- Count in Delta, CO, had about (BKph*), and e. Colorado'sfirst March flocks of 500-1000 in storm(*MJ), May 4 at Colorado 100 May 11-12. Rose-breastedrecords (since its first3 in May Boulder, Ft. Collins, L/L/BIL, Springs(*TB), andMay 6 in the Grosbeaks have become such 1975) at Sedgwick,CO, May and smaller flocks in the moun- Tuttle Atlas block, Kit Carson regularMountain West migrants 17-18 (*SJ, lstLat), andDenver tains w. of Denver. Flocks of (*HEK, 1st Lat). Two that thiscolumn usually does June2 (*GA,lstLat). At Ogden, 50-100 occurredin April from Blackburniansappeared in notmention them. This spring, UT, Killpackbanded an impres- Pueblo to Ft. Collins. Several Cortez, for the first Western a typicalassortment included sive 432 Cassin's Finches. hundred persistedat Rock Sloperecords, May 7 & 10-13 nine in Nevada, sevenin Utah, Among the widespreadRed Springs,Casper, and Cody, WY, (tAR, *B & TM). In Ft. Collins threein Wyoming,and 19 in Crossbills,some nestedin the throughlate April, with thelast a Yellow-throatedWarbler spent Colorado.Two Lark Buntings spring.They brought young to a reportbeing of 40 atCasper May 5 hourseating up to 55 hackber- nearMoab May 1 & 9 werethe feederin Breckenridge,CO 7. For the 2nd year,a Yellow- ry psyllidinsects per minute first in s.e. Utah since 1983 (LM). White-wingedCrossbills throated Vireo, apparently [3000/hour!](*DL ph*, *JBb). (NB). wereseen at 2 placesw. of Denver unmated,set up a territoryMay The use of this valuable food GreenRiver's Rusty Blackbird in March. 13 and later at Denver's resourceby migrantpasserines stayed through mid-April. ChatfiddS.P. (JK). Single Red- illustratesthe importanceof Great-tailed and Common OMITrED eyed Vireos appeared at native trees to wildlife. Native gracklescontinue their relentless This reports omits several Montello in n.e. Nevada (SF treesattract many more insects expansion throughout the reportsof rarities;e.g., undocu- ph*, PL), Lucin,UT (SF,*PL), than widely usedexotics like Region.Great-taileds used exist- mented Black-shouldered and and two to five stoppedat Russian Olive and Tamarisk, ing nestsites in LasVegas and MississippiKites in Nevada,a Fontanelle,WY, May25-June 1 and therefore more birds. Moab and new sitesat Pueblo, one-observer,20-second view of (FL). Observers also found three Denver, Fort Collins, and a ChimneySwift in Nevada;also KentuckyWarblers: Pueblo Apr. Burlington, CO. Commons 2 first staterecords, on which I WARBLERS 18-20 (*MJ), OrdwayMay 9 nestedat Morgan,UT, thewest- defer to state records commit- May3 sawan "amazing number" ($DB, lstLat),and Denver May ernmostin the Regionso far tees:an exhaustivelydescribed of warblersat BeaverDam Wash 9 ($BA etal., lstLat). (AS),and they appeared at Fish Buff-breastedFlycatcher in in s.e. Utah: 100 Orange- Springs,Logan, and Yellowstone. Colorado, and in Utah a Worm- crowneds,500 Yellow-rumpeds, TANAGERSTO Theyseemed particularly notice- eatingWarbler seen for 2 15- 30 Yellows,20 Lucy's,and a few CROSSBILLS ablealong the ColoradoFront minute sessions and well- others (SH, BB). After an A Summer Tanager at Range.A Hooded Oriole at described,but alsoa one-observ- intense but short snowstorm Mountainview,WY, May 19-27 Kaysville,UT, was 300 miles er report. 8:30-11:30 a.m. Apr. 30, a fed on beesand beeswaxfrom a fromits s. Utah breeding range Pueblopark filled with warblers. knocked-overbeehive, along (*CK). Scott'sOrioles also wan- Corrigenda: SF found the Within a half hour, all had with 20 W. Tanagersand N. deredaway from their breeding ParasiticJaeger reported at AB

478. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 45(1):133; delete her as an observers),Lu Bainbridge,Jay Killpack,Craig Kneedy, Edward Robinson,R. Rucker(RRu), B. observerof the Hooded Warbler Bant• John Barber(JBb), B. Kurt• J. Larson, Dave & D. St. George,Terry Sadlet (p.134). DS andA.V.A.S. found Bond, SteveBorichevsky (20), Leatherman(17), Paul Lehman, (10), R. Schlageter,David the Prothonotary Warbler NelsonBosehen (5), T. Brevillier, G. Lillie, Forrest Luke (6), C. Silverman (22), Arnold Smith, reportedon p. 134Sept. 22; MJ Dan Bridges,W.W. Brocknet Lyons,JorfMackay, Larry Malone, ELLA SORENSEN (Utah observedit Sept. 23. In AB (17),Colorado Bird Observatory, J. Mammoser,B. & T. Maynes, Editor;20 observers);J. Spence, 45(2):297,change the first 2 Jim andMarian Cressman (10), Terry McEneaney (32), L. E Springer,J. TenBrink(JTb), lines of the S.A. to read: Denver Field Orn., Coen Dexter McMenamy,D. MeNinch,Ann Jane Thompson(11), Janeal "Silverman postulatesthat (4), Keith Dixon (16), Ruby Means (32), Jack Merchant, Thompson0Th; 3), UtahField "Eastern Screech-Owls aswell as Ebright,Joe Engler,Shawneen Larry NeeL Duane Nelson,J. Orn., Julie l•n Moorhem,Alan Westernsoccur in [the Pueblo Finnegan,Elva Fox, Jewel Giffi)rcL Nelson, Paul Opler (17), C. •rsaw,J. Walters0W1), Jim & area].... " J.R.Guadagno, May Hanesworth Overman, David Pantie, Peter RosielY&tts, M. Webb, T. Ig•rst,P. (20), Phil Hayes (16), Steve Paton, D. Patta, D. Peterson Wilkinson, Eric Wilson, C. Compilers (in bold•ce), con- Hedges(6), Bill Henry,Jim (DPe), Norma Peterson,B. & J. Wood,Philip & WynnP&ight, hibutors (in italics), and cited Herold,Anne Janik, Mark Janos, Prather, John & Elizabeth Vic Zerbi.•HUGH E. obse•,ers: G. Alexander, B. S. Jones,B. Karler,J. Kellner, Rawinski,Bert Raynes (18), KINGERY, 869 Milwaukee Andrews, Keith Archibald (6 Ursula Kepler (23), Merlin DonnaRieckmann, J.C RiglgA. Street,Denver, CO 80206. SOUTHWEST REGION GrandCanyon eFarmington:.•:'•'•?!? .[•i• Clayton., • ':':...... '-'"%:-.'. -?.4•.... .-. Arizona , ARIZONA ; .,:,- ::,::?/ •.SantaFe/ GaryH. Rosenbergand DavisDam ' "eFa•aff " DavidStejskal -.• . .... • :-: '.- g W •:;• ( Tucumc. :.' 5-:•':.. '"?;•.(•? .Springe•illee ., Ncvv IVICAID• ParkerDam :5 "-•:•;5;:z;?,. :•::9: •:<; ::.:• ---;(•?' [ ..... • '• "'•.•;•:O:,q:•:.: Thisspring was not very impres- sivein thebeginning but memo- rable by the end. Migration '- 4.-. :•' •-' ..... I •. •". L•sCruces Carlsbad NatPark started out slow. Of course, breedingbirds returned on time. '- .... •. •- 5 '? •a•na "• I ; But the coolweather lingered throughApril, and we allwon- deredwhen, or if, thingswould pickup. Then in rolledMay, and by the endof the month, Arizonawas reeling from one of GREBESTO PecksL. was last seenApr. 1 Stangeland). A Hooded thebest arrays of raririesthat we DUCKS (VG). The Ross' Goose that Merganserall springat Granite can remember in some time. One Western Grebe was at the spentthe winter in Flagstaffwas Reef Dam on the Salt R. was last Beginningwith Arizona'ssec- Ruthrauffponds,Tucson, May 4 lastseen May 8 (JC et al.). For seenMay 14 (SG). ond Garganeyand continuing (R. Haaseth);the statusof this the 3rd springin a row, this witha dazzling number of quali- speciesaway from known nest- specieswas found in n.e. VULTURES ty birds, from shorebirdsto ing areasis still poorlyunder- Arizona,with one at Kayenta TO TERNS terns to thrushes to warblers, stood. Still considered rare in Apr.22-25 (CL),providing one Two Black Vultures in Avondale virtuallyno groupwas unrepre- n.e. Arizona were three Double- ofonly a handful of recordsfrom Apr.16 (M. Larson)were n. and sented. If we throw in Arizona's crestedCormorants May 4 at Navajoor Apache.Another was w. of normal distribution. After first Black-ventedOriole (even CowSprings L., w. of Kayenta at PecksL. May 15 (VG), for a a virtualexplosion of recordsof thoughit occurredin April),we (CL). Great Blue Heronswere first localspring record. The Black-shoulderedKites through- hada springto remember.Once foundnesting at smallcolonies waterfowlhighlight of the sea- outs. Arizona during the 1980s, again,increased coverage of a at Patagonia(at least5 nests) sonwas a 9 plumagedGarganeythis speciesappears to have particulararea (in thiscase the Apr.25 (WHet al.) andat St. May 1 at the SierraVista S.T.P. resumed its former status of a upperSan Pedro River valley) David(at least6 nests)May 15 (*GR, *BryanBland etal.). This rare,irregular visitor. One seen accountedfor a disproportion- (fide DK); coloniesin s.c. representsonly a 2nd Arizona alongthe San Pedro River near atenumber of records.If onlyall Arizonaappear to be occupied sighting,but during the past few DudleyvilleApr. 2 (M. O'Brien) of Arizona were covered as thor- sporadically.Catde Egret again years, this specieshas been wasone of only a few reported oughlyas the San Pedro was this wandered to n.e. Arizona, with reported frequently in s. duringthe past2 years.Spring spring! oneat BlackMesa Apr. 23 and California,as well asother por- concentrationsof Bald Eagles threeat ManyFarms L. May 11 tions of North America. A 9 included24 alongthe Verde R. Abbreviations:A.B.C. (Arizona (CL). Largeflock• of White- GreaterScaup that apparently nearClarkdale Mar. 2 (R. Platt), Bird Committee);B.T.A. (Boyce faced Ibises were reported wintered at the Chandler S.T.P. 16 at Mormon L. Mar. 23 (R. ThompsonArboretum); LC.R. statewidein April, the largest was last seenMar. 20 (CB). A Breitmaier),and three Apr. 26 at (Lower ColoradoRive•; S.P.R. concentrationsbeing 400 Apr. birdthat also probably wintered Sedona (O. Robinson). One (SanPedro River); S.T.P. (Sewage 23 at PecksL. (W. Turner etaL) locally was a • plumaged alongthe San PedroR. near TreatmentPlant). and360 Apr. 30 at CowSprings White-wingedScoter found DudleyvilleApr. 2 wasprobably L. (CL). Mar. 2 on the Bill Williams arm a firstlocal record (M. O'Brien). A winteringTundra Swan at of Lake Havasu (*CB, S. A subadult c• N. Harrier lin-

Volume45, Number3 - 479 andtwo were at Cow Springs L. May27 (RWe)provided one of (RWe)were noteworth)5 asthis $dli, May 11 (CL). Unusualfor onlya fewrecords ofthis species species has just recently become Thehi•tpr• 6fWild Turkeys ifi springwas a LesserGolden- from n.e. Arizona_ regularduring the breeding sea- Arizonaii•omplex. They•vere Plover atCow Springs L.Apr. 21 Almostcommonplace now son at areason the Navajo •}iginallyfounffthr0•utth• (CL).A Whimbrel, scarce atany wasthe return of up to three Reservation away from the fore&edtegi6nsofthest•te,Wereseason, wasat Willcox May 12 White-earedHummingbirds at mountains. A 9 Western •p•red forth• most part by (B.Sutton). Perhaps evenrarer Ramsey Canyon May1 through Bluebird feeding young May 29 :.-920 •ce p ffo•ii01•ted' po•pUla- was the Ruddy Turnstone at the end of the period (m.ob.). at Mt. Ord in the Mazatzal Mts. iibnsin the •ite Mrs.and San WillcoxMay 28 (B.Whitney, Violet-crowned Hummingbirds (BD,PB etal.) provided thefirst FranciscoPeaks, the n' rein trø- DSet al., ph. E. Jankowski). The returnedtoPatagonia again this confirmednesting record ofthis d•ced'thro•mog•Oftheir f0•:. only Sandealing wasat Willcox spring, withat least three present species forMaricopc• Providing ruerrange. Most•ighdngs away May 16 (DS, JC). A beginninginmid-April (m.ob.). perhapsthefirst spring migrant frø• •oWn • bEirltr'6ddc-, Semipalmated Sandpiper was Theone wintering atBisbee was recordfor the state was a Varied tionare written 6ffas pr0b•b le welldescribed from Kayenta last reported Mar. 15 (JWh). Thrush May 7 alongthe upper •sCap•es•fr6• d•mesdd Stbck_: May 3 (•CL);there are very few MigrantRufous Hummingbirds S.ER. (J. Sedgwick). Onemust Thisgpling a•least 5Sightings o• substantiated springrecords in werewidespread throughout the wonder ifit wintered locally, but Wi14%rkeysoccu•re• .along a' Arizona.Rare in springwas a statein smallnumbers begin- that area was covered relatively 30=•i streichOf the Sail Ped}o PectoralSandpiper atthe Gilbert ningin early April; seven, a rela- well throughoutthe spring. •ver betweenSt. Davidand S.T.P.Apr. 9 (CB).Still unusual tively high concentration for Almostunheard ofaway from its aHeref0rd•ay3_23 fingl•'wa• femal•o•aY6(•i th inDowitcherspring wasatKayenta a Short-billed May 7 spring,PreservewereApr. 24at (WHo). Canelo AfterHills ArizonaWhite Mts.breeding was agronndsGray Catbirdin the wl•idshfip•tdthet•Was•een (*CL, S. Studebaker); mostn. beingpresent offand on along along the upper S.P.R. May alongthe•;%on•m•efi5o•theArizona records pertain to fall theSan Pedro R. for at least 3 13-17(C. Pomarius, JCetal.). hfw,hway 90 bridge (•}2 •n juveniles. years,apair ofGreen Kingfishers Rarely reported inspring was a MaYi6 •ne male•nd two Forthe 2nd year in a row, wasonce again suspected ofnest- Brown Thrasher atTucson Apr. fe•eswere flushed from the' numbersofFranklin's Gullswere ing n. of the Hwy 90 bridge; the 1(A. Swain). topof a cottonwop• :treea109g reported fromn.e. Arizona, with pairwas present throughout the the riveri. of the Hereford a totalof 99 individualsin the period,with a femaleflushed brldge;they also appeared wary Kayentaarea Apr. 22 throughfrom ahole in a dirt bank May 4 (GRet •)• Tricksand other. May, the largest flock of 39 at (GHR,DK et al.). This would One of the highlights ofthe sea- individualswererep6rted fr6• KayentaApr. 24 (CL). Another represent onlythe 2nd known son was asinging c•White-eyed differentlocalitiesalh•th•river concentrationof30 was at Lake attemptednesting inthe state. A Vireoalong the upper S.P.R. aswell (DK), It se•sfi•kel•; PowellApr. 23 (P. Norton). The Lewis'Woodpecker atArivaca about one min. of the Route 90 thatall these sihtings pertain to onlyreport of California Gull Apr.30 (GHR) was late for this bridgeMay 3, remaining(and escapeddomesticated birds5no wasof two worn 2nd-year birds species to be lingering in s. singing)until at least May 19 recent introductionsha•e at SnyderHill S.T.P.in Tucson Arizona. ($WHo et al.; taperecorded occurredin the n•by May31 (DS). Very unusual for At least4 territoriesof N. GHR).There are only five previ- HuachucaMrs, whi•.h leads us springwasanad. Sabine's Gull at Beardless-Tyrannuletwere ousrecords forArizona, ofwhich toSuspect thatthes eturkeys •el• theAmado S.T.E May 3 (fide foundalong the upper S.ER. onlyone had been documented. resenta natural incursi0n from JH).Concentrations ofForster's beginning Apr. 3 (WHo,DK); An excitingfind wasa Mexico. Tern awayfrom the Lower theonly other nesting records Golden-winged Warbler at • ColoradoRiver Valleyare scarce, for theupper valley were one GanadoMay 25 (•RWe),pro- particularlyin n.e. Arizona; 19 paireach for thepast 2 years vidingonly a 3rdn.e. Arizona at CowSprings L. Apr.30 and (DK). Buff-breastedFlycatcher record. A 9 N. Pamlawas along geredto at leastMay 28 at 24at ManyFarms Lake May 12 continuesto be suspectedof Willcox(m.ob.); there is only (CL)were significant. A Least nestingsporadically in the onerecent nesting record for s. Tern wasalso reported for the Chiricahua Mountains; this Arizona.Anad. Harris' Hawk 2nd spring ina row,this year spring sightings werereported in wasalong the S.ER. 3 mis. of fromthe Sierra Vista S.T.P. May TurkeyCreek Canyon Apr. 6 • *• CharlestonMar. 11 (DK), where 14 (B.Zimmer). There are now (DJ)and at BarfootPark in late consideredscarce.A single Gray about a dozen records forthe • April(SGo). A Brown-crested Hawk was in Guadalupestate, five for spring. Flycatcherwas very eary in n.w. CanyonApr. 20 (JWh),well TucsonApr. 21 (GM). Two E. •. ß• - awayfrom any known nesting DOYF.$•0 wereextremely scarceas spring I••* • tt•.-,• • area;there arefew records for l'}{Pd•l•lrli$ migrants,oneatPortal May 19 r' '--•t%•'• :• thisraptor from adjacent New One of the RuddyGround- (RB) and another at wingedMexico.Hawks Two wereimm. seen Broad- this 90Doves bridge presentacross norththe Sanof the Pedro Rt. rarelySpringervillereported Mayin26 spring(CB). was Also a •= •ß 'a,f•,i • springins.e.Arizona, where still Rivere.of Sierra Vista this past Scissor-tailedFlycatcher at '-• ' '• • .• consideredcasual:one at an oasis winter was last seen for certain Pecks Lake Apr. 29 (VG et al.), : • s.e.ofWillcoxApr. 26(•GHRet Mar. 27 (DK). A pair of providingone ofthe few records a/.),the other atBear Canyon, Common Ground-Doves atthe of thisspecies for central• •"1••' SantaCatalina Mts., May 19 samelocality throughout the Arizona. (tDS,JC etal.). spring,including a particularly A pairof American Crows at A numberof Black-belliedbright male, were most likely JuniperTank, San Carlos Indian .... '•' •..--• Ploverswere reportedthis responsiblefor the reportsof Reservation,Apr.5 (B.Jackson) Pin•l•arbl,r•lth, spring;two were at theGilbert Ruddiesthere throughout the wasabit s. of their normal breed- •,r•arehStation, Portal, S.T.P.Apr. 18 (CB), onewas period,with the suggestionof ingrange in e. Arizona.Five at I•lareh•?, l$}l. lhinl thereMay 4 (RB),one was at possiblenesdng. A c• Lesser GanadoMay 25 and two at r•e0nl.Photagral•h/ ManyFarms L. May 5 ($CL), Nighthawkat CowSprings L. Canyonde ChellyMay 25 I•altarl•.$1mfford.

480. American Birds,Fall 1991 theupper S.P.R. May 15 (DK). (WHo). Lesscommon •n spnng Ref. (Bosquedel ApacheNat'l Apr. 5 (SOW); numberswere Interestingfor springwas the were 2 reportsof Golden- •ldlifi Ref); E.B.L. (Elephant reportedly"stabilizing" in Eddy reportof a c• Black-throatedcrowned Sparrows; one wasat Butte Lake); L.V.N.W.R. (Las (fideSW). A possibleRed-shoul- Blue WarblerApr. 17 at the EstrellaMt. ParkApr. 2-7 (BD, lOgasNat• WildliftRef); P.O. dered Hawk was at Rattlesnake B T.A. (CT). A Townsend's L. Hatcher),and one was still Canyon (Post Office Canyon, SpringsApr. 14 (SW,TJH); sin- Warblerwas at KayentaMay 19 alongSonoita Cr. near Patagonia PeloncilloMts.); T/C (Truth or gle Broad-wingedswere at (CL); this speciesis virtually on the late date of May 6 Consequences);Zuni( Zuni Indian PerchaDam Apr. 27 (CB, ph unknown for n.e. Arizona in (WHo). Reservation). JB), and RattlesnakeSprings spring.Also exceedingly rare in Outstanding were four May 2 (CB) andMay 7 (SW) springin Arizonais theBlack- Bobolinks(two c•, two •?) at LOONSTO QUAIL Only threeMerlins were report- throated Green Warbler; one Kayentain May (S.Studebaker, Up to 18 Com. Loonswere at ed,the latest at BosqueRef. Apr male was at RamseyCanyon CL) andtwo more males at Page E.B.L.Mar. 8 (JH etal.);singles 29 (PRS). May11 (DS, JC etal.).The war- May13 (P. Norton). What better were at SumnerL. Mar. 9 (JP), TwelveWild Turkeys,pre- bler of the springwas a Pine wayto endthis report than with Bitter Lake May 8 (JS), and sumablymexicana, were near Warbler at the Southwestern a firstArizona record, only the BrantIcyL. Apr.1 (JP).About 7 PineCr., AnimasMrs., Apr. 26 Research Station in Cave Creek 3rd North American Black- pairsof Western Grebes and one (SOW). MontezumaQuail were CanyonMar. 26-31 (D. Jasper, vented Oriole, photographedof Clark'swere at AbiquiuL. in the San Mateo (TH), ph. WSp);this represents only comingto orangesput outby a May 23 (JH et al.). Up to 29 Peloncillo(SOW), and Animas the 3rd Arizonarecord, the other camperat PatagoniaLake S.P. Double-crested Cormorant (SOW) mountains and in twohaving been found in win- Apr. 18 (ph.J. Gilmore).This nestswere at Abiquiu L. May23 GuadalupeCanyon (CB) in ter. The Black-and-white specieshas long been predicted (JH et al.). Olivaceous April. A Scaled Quail at Warblerthat spent the winter at asa potentialvagrant to Arizona Cormorantswere conspicuous L.V.N.W.R.May7 (CR)was the Granite Reef Dam was last seen from Sonora. Unfortunately, at BosqueRef. Apr. 6-May 19 observer's first there in several Apr.6 (SG).Another exception- word about the oriole did not (v.o.),with up to 44 thereApr. years. al springfind alongthe upper make the Arizona "hot line" 29 (CR, PRS); over 150 were at S P.R. was an Ovenbird n. of the until late the eveningof the E.B.L.Mar. 6 (JH etal.). RAILS TO TERNS Hwy90 bridge May 27 (TC).At 18th; muchto the disappoint- Singlead. Little Blue Herons Up to 12 Soraswere at Bosque least five N. Waterthrushes mentof thebirding community, wereat BosqueRef. May 3 (JP) Ref. Apr. 29 (CR, PRS),with (about normal numbers)were it wasnever seen again! and Bitter LakeMay 11 (JP et eightthere May 20 (DS); one reportedin s.Arizona May 8-21 al.). A TricoloredHeron wasat wasat RattlesnakeSprings Apr (m.ob.).A c• KentuckyWarbler Contributors:(Area compilers BosqueRef. Apr. 13-May 20 14 (SW, TJH)) and Apr. 29 May 8 was alongthe upper in boldface)Charles Babbitt, Pat (v.o., ph. DC). White-faced (LH), wherethey are infrequent S P.R. south of the Hwy 90 Beall, Jerry Bock, Robert Ibises were widespreadApr. Mostunusual was an ad. Purple bridge(S. Schafer,J. Duerr); Bradley,John Coons (Flagstaff), 6-May23 (m.ob.),with concen- Gallinuleat BosqueRef. May 28 anotherKentucky reported as a Troy Corman,William Davis, trationsincluding 75 at Zuni (CR, SOW). Noteworthywere female was about 1/2 min. of the Bix Demaree,Rich Furgueson, May 5 (DC), 56at Redrock May 13 Black-bellied Ploversat Zum bndgeMay 12 (•'DK), raising Steve GanIcy, Tom Gatz, 4 (RF), 230 at BosqueRef. Apr. Apr. 19 (SW), aswas a Lesser the questionof whetherthere Virginia Gillmore, Sharon 22 (CR), 211 at CaballoDam Golden-Plover at L.V.N.W.R were one or two birds involved in Goldwasser, Alma Green Apr.28 (CR etal.), 70 at Percha Apr. 30 (JH et al.). Snowy these2 sightings.Seemingly reg- (Sedona),Grace Gregg,Jack Dam Apr. 28, and 150 at Ploversaway from usualareas ular in springwere two c• Holloway (Tucson),William HollomanL. Apr.21 (GE). included singlesat Wagon Hooded Warblers, one at Howe,Betty Jackson (Globe), Late was a Greater White- MoundMay 11 (JH et al.) and MontezumaWell Apr. 19 (M. Dan Jones, Kenn Kaufman, frontedGoose at BosqueRef. BosqueRef. May 18 (JP,LG), Sogge,P. Super, P. Rolands), the Lynn Kaufman,Jeff Kingcry, Apr. 13-14 (DC, JP), aswere twoat E.B.L.Apr. 28 (CR, PRS, other 3 mi s. of the Charleston Dave Krueper (SierraVista), two SnowGeese there May 28 EW);12 were at Laguna Grande bndgealong the upper S.P.R. Chuck LaRue (Kayenta),Ann (CR et al.);two lingering Ross' Apr.8 (CR);and young were at Four c• Rose-breasted McLucky,Gale Monson, Robert Geesewere at BitterLake Apr. 9 Bitter Lake May 3 (M Grosbeaks were found around Morse(Portal), Jim Paton,Will (CR). Unusualwas a c• Hooded Peckinpaugh).There were scat- thestate in May:at SedonaMay Russell,John Saba,Walter & Merganserat Zuni Apr. 20 teredreports of Semipalmated 11-18 (A. Evans), along SallySpofford, Rick Taylor, Carl (DC). Plovers, including six at AravaipaCreek May 13 (GHR), S. Tomoff, Greer Warren,Jack Westerlywas a Mississippi CharetteL. May 1 (JH etal.),12 alongthe upperS.P.R. May 16 Whetstone, Bob & Janet Kite at MesillaMay 22 (CS), at BosqueRef. May4 (JPetal.), (DK), andat Canyonde Chelly Witzeman (Phoenix), Barry while late were single N. andsix at HollomanL. Apr.27 May 25 (RWe).Undoubtedly a Zimmer.--GARY H. ROSEN- Harriersat L.V.N.W.R. May 31 (CS). wmterer was a Blue Grosbeak BERG,5441 N. SwanRd., Apt. (PI, CR) andHolloman L. May The earliest Am. Avocets near NogalesMar. 6 (GM). 313, Tucson, AZ 85718; 25 (CS). Common Black- were48 w.of Lordsburg Mar. 13 Therewas also a belatedreport DAVID STEJSKAL, 5755 Hawks were numerous in the (SOW); four adultsplus a nest ofone wintering along the upper River Rd., Apt. 703, Tucson, southwest,with nestingpairs in with eggsat LosLunas May 27 S P.R. Feb. 27 (DK). A Fox AZ85715. the San Francisco, Gila, and (HS) furnisheda newbreeding Sparrowat Estrella Mt. ParkApr. Mimbres valleys (fide RF); locality.Willets were conspicu- 21 (TC) mayalso have wintered northerlywas an adult at ousApr. 14-May 4, including locally,as this speciesis rarely AlbuquerqueApr. 27 (BV) and placeswhere seldom seen; highs reportedduring spring migra- May 12 (C. Hundertmark), were30 at Zuni Apr. 20 (DC), uon. SwampSparrows contin- NewMexico whilevery unusual and a local 100 at L.V.N.W.R. Apr. 30 (JH uedto bereported from known Sartor O. lYlliams lII first was an easterlyone at etal.),26 atMangas SpringsApr w•nteringareas in s. Arizona andJohn P. Hubbard RattlesnakeSprings May 3 (CB). 26 (RF), and about 100 at until at leastMay 8. Likewise, In Hidalgo,there were one-two BosqueRef. Apr. 28-29 (CR, White-throatedSparrows were ad. Harris' Hawks near Cotton PRS). Noteworthy was a numerous in s. Arizona and were Abbreviatious:Bitter Lake (Bitter City Mar. 13and Apr. 5 (SOW), Whimbrelat E.B.L.Apr. 20 (JP, still reportedas late as May 8 LakeNatI l•ldlij• Ref),Bosque plustwo at SanSimon Cienega ph LG) Westerlywere single

Volume45, Number 3' 451 range included two in the City hospitalwas sprayed with ManzanoMts. Apr. 26 (CR, pesticide;the chemicalsubse- PRS) and the Pinos Altos Mts. quentlyentered the building's April-May(RF, CR). ventilationsystem, forcing evac- uation of patients(fide RF). FLYCATCHERSTO WRENS Numbers of Cave Swallows at Two singing N. Beardless- CarlsbadCaverns N.P. peaked at Tyrannuletswere in Guadalupe 3200Apr. 26-May 12(SW). CanyonApr. 19-21 (CB) and Steller'sJays are rare in the May 26 (CR, SOW). A OrganMrs., so noteworthy were Hammond's Flycatcher was eightat DrippingSprings Apr. singingin Sulphur Canyon, 26 (KS).Blue Jays continued to Sandia Mrs., May 30 (HS), thrive in the east,with 15-20 at where not known to breed. Ft. SumnerMar. 9 andMay 11 Southerlywas a vocal Gray (JP).A Clark'sNutcracker was in Flycatcherin the Guadalupe the San Mateo Mts. May 1 White-rumpedSandpipers (center) with other shorebirdsat Mts., Eddy,Apr. 21 OH, RD). (TH). Owingto difficultieswith Bitter Lake NationalWildlife Refuge, New Mexico, May 11, 1991. An earlyW. Kingbirdwas at identification, the northern Photograph/SteveCox. JornadaMar. 26 (CS); single limit of the Chihuahuan Ravens Easternswere near Espafiola range is poorly understood; Long-billedCudews at Zuni rediscovery,Whiskered Screech- May 12 (fide BL) and noteworthywas a vocalpair at a Apr. 27 (DC) and Mangas Owls wereagain found in the AlbuquerqueApr. 29 (BO). A nestnear Stanle)5 Santa Fe, Apr. SpringsMay 8 (RF). PeloncilloMrs: two singingin vagrantScissor-tailed Flycatcher 20 (CR, LH) and 5 nests in Rare in New Mexico, four Clanton Canyon Mar. 13 wasat Ribera Apr. 25 (CR). ValenciaMay 20 OH et aL). A White-rumpedSandpipers were (SOW), one in Cottonwood Bank Swallowsnest very high of 35 Black-capped at BitterLake May 11 (Jp etal., CanyonMar. 14 (SOW), and a locallyin New Mexico,so dis- Chickadeeswere in theEspafiola ph. S. Cox), with at leastone pairin a 3rdcanyon Apr. 545 & coveryof a colonyof 100-200 areaMay 12 (BL etaL). Farn.e. there May 25 (fide JP). 22 (SOW). A northeasterlyElf burrowsin Albuquerquein late of usualrange was a Bridled NoteworthyDunlins were one Owl wasin WaterCanyon May May (JH) wasnoteworthy. The Titmouse in the Sandia Mts. at BosqueRef. Apr. 4 (DC), 11 2 (JP), while another in the colony'sexistence came to light Apr.7 (P.McConnell). Very rare at CaballoL. Mar. 7 OH et aL), BlackRange s. of KingstonMay when local citizensexpressed in New Mexico, a Carolina andthree at Laguna Grande Apr. 16 (SOW) wasa localfirst. Well concernover the city'splans to Wren wassinging in the Sandia 8 (CR). Long-billedDowitchers northof the usualrange was a level the area for a recreational Mts.early April to May31 (ph. werewidely reported, with highs Whip-poor-willin the Jemez development;asof May 31, the HS, JB). of 200 at L.V.N.W.R.Apr. 30 Mts. May 25 (T Johnson);also swallows' habitat had received OH et aL) and 350 at Bosque notablewas one in the Organ onlya temporarystay of demoli- BLUEBIRDS TO TANAGERS Ref. Apr. 28 (CR, PRS). An Mrs.May 24 (KS). tion. Nesting Cliff Swallows Eastern Bluebirds were AmericanWoodcock feeding in Four or five Chaeturaswifts at likewise ran afoul of man'sactivi- widespread,including westerly moistsoil beneath alders along GuadalupeCanyon Apr. 19-21 tieswhen a colonyat a Silver reportsof singlesat ZuniMar. 9 Sacaton Cr., Catron, Mar. 12 (CB)could have been Chimney (ph. De), Santa Fe Mar. 18 (SOW) wasthe 5th andwestern- or Vaux's,the latter unverifiedin OH), and PerchaDam Mar. 7 most for the state. thestate. Up to five d' Broad- OH et aL),pairs at SanMiguel Westerly were eight billed Hummingbirdswere in Apr.25 (CR) andnear Cliff May FranklinsGulls at ZuniApr. 20 GuadalupeCanyon Apr. 19-21 4 (fideRF). The only Brown (DC), while late were single (CB),and a 9 Magnificentwas Thrasher was one at Rattlesnake Franklinsand Bonaparte'sat gatheringnest material in the Springs Apr. 1 (JP, BP). AbiquiuL. May 23 OH et aL). PinosAltos Mts. May 6 (RF). Noteworthywas a Bendire's One ad. and two imm. One or two Lucifers returned Thrashernear Radium Springs Californiaswere at AbiquiuL. "on schedule'to P.O. Canyon May 22 (PRS);others were at May 23 OH etal.), plusfive at Mar. 25-26, increasingto PetroglyphN.M. May 5 (HS), WagonMound May l 1 OH et 10-12 laterin the season(RS). LosLunas Apr. 6 (JPetaL), and aL) andone at E.B.L.Apr. 20 Unusual in New Mexico in HorseSprings May 25 (DC). 0P,LG). A CaspianTern, rare in spring, d' Rufous A White-eyedVireo wasat NewMexico, was at E.B.L.Apr. Hummingbirdswere in P.O. Zuni May 12 (DC etaL), anda 20 0P,ph. LG). CanyonMar. 25-Apr. 14 (RS); Red-eyedwas singing at Clovis elsewhere in the Peloncillo Mts. May 18 (BO). Only two Bell's DOVES TO WOODPECKERS werean ad. c• CostasApr. 6 Vireoswere in the Gila Valley White-wingedDoves were again (SOW)and a singing,apparent- May4 (fideRF),but singles were foundnorth to Albuquerque,ly territorialad. c• Anna'sApr. at SanSimon Cienega Apr. 19 with two in the North Valley 23 (SOW). (CB)and Rattlesnake Springs in from May 1 (BO) and another PeripheralGila Woodpeckers Apr.(CR, JH), plusat least six in May 20 (BV); 105were tallied in weretwo at SanSimon Cienega GuadalupeCanyon Apr. 19-21 theGila Valley May 4 (RF etaL), Apr. 19 (CB) andone at Double (CB). Gray Vireosincluded a and at least two were in Silver AdobeCr., Hidalgo,Apr. 26 pairin the n. SandiaMrs. (HS) City(fideRF). A Corn.Ground- (SOW). The 9 Red-bellied and two singingindividuals in Dove,present all winter at P.O. Woodpecker at Rattlesnake Well westof its usualrange was SlaughterCanyon, Guadalupe Canyon,was last seen Apr. 13 Springs, first reported in this Carolina Wren in Waterfall Mts., May 27 (JP). Peripheral (RS). A Groove-billedAni was December,was last seen Apr. 8 Canyon,Sandia Mountains, New Huttons includedsingles at at Garfield,Sierra, Mar. 10 (B. (CR). DownyWoodpeckers at Mex'•o, May 5,1991. Sacaton Cr., Catron, Mar. 27 Nygren).Following last year's or nearthe s. edgeof breeding Photogroph/JamesBlack. OH) andMay 21 (SOW),plus

½•2. AmericanBirds, Fall 1991 threein the BlackRange near spring,so noteworthy were sin- remainedconspicuous in the w. Kingstonin May(SOW). glesat CherryCr. May 6 (RF) two-thirds of the state into late ALASKAREGION Reportsof rarer warblers and ClantonCanyon Apr. 20 April. A Golden-crownedT. G. 7bbish,Jr. included a N. Parula at Bitter (CB, CT); even more notable Sparrow,present all winterat andM. E. Isleib LakeMay 4 (CB), a Magnolia wasa vagrantnear Melrose May P.O.Canyon, was last seen May 5 Warblernear ClaytonMay 16 3 (AF, ph. JB). A Red-faced (RS). SingleHarris' Sparrows (HS) plusa Blackburnianelse- Warblerin theSandia Mts. May wereat Bitter LakeMay 17-18 wherein Unionthe sameday 12 (G. Parkerfide HS) wasthe (S.Bixler etal.), Bosque Ref. May After a Regionwide,unseason- (WC), a Black-throatedBlue firstreported there since 1982; 4-5 (JP,BV), and Las Cruces ablycold February and March, Warblerat RattlesnakeSprings otherson the peripheryof the May 3 (CS). earlyspring 1991 wasslow to May20 (CB),a Yellow-throated range were two in Water Northerly E. Meadowlarks develop.More than a fewanx- Warbler there May 25 (JP), a Canyon,Magdalena Mts., Apr. wereone at Zuni Apr.20 (DC) iousobservers lost patience with Palm Warbler in the San Mateo 27 (JP,LG) and singles in theSan and two nearFence L. May 26 migration.Cold, windy, dry Mts.Apr. 25 (TH), asinging but MateoMts. Apr. 15 (TH) and (DC); the"fair numbers" singing weatherushered April in and taillessProthonotary atEspafiola nearCloudcroft May 25 (CS). s. of ClaytonMay 14-17 (HS) delayedarrival of most early May 12 (CR et aL), single Northerlywas a singleSummer werewell n. of thespecies' previ- migrants, including Snow BlackpollsatNambe May 11(C. Tanagerat L.V.N.W.R.May 22 ouslyreported range in thestate. Buntings, Trumpeter Swans, (CR). A "wave" of Westerns Great-tailed Grackles were andgeese. The latter half of April passedthrough the Espafiola area reportedincreasing in irrigated warmedquickly, and the entire May12, where 223 were counted areasin Union(fide WC). Nine state,except for the northGulf (BL etal.). Com.Grackle nests with young ofAlaska coast, was significantly wereat AlbuquerqueMay 31 warmerthan normal. Following CARDINALSTO (BO). Northerlywere one-three thiswarming trend was a heavy CARDUELINES BronzedCowbirds at Mangas pushof geese,Buteos, and dab- An impressive25 N. Cardinals Springsfrom May 15 (RF) and at biersthrough both the Interior weretallied in the Gila Valley TIC fromMay 6 (DM). andSouthcoastal flyways. While May4 (RF etal.); singles were at Oneto twoc• Purple Finches the seasonprogressed rapidly Animas and Double Adobe at GlenwoodMar. 25 (JH) may throughoutthe Interior, the Worm-eatingWarbler at creeks,Hidalgo, Apr. 24 & 26 havewintered there. Following Southeast and Southcoastal sec- RattlesnakeSpdngs, New Mexico. (SOW);in Eddyone to twowere winters trend, Cassin'sFinches tions were hit with a cycleof May 12,1991. Photograph/ and Pine Siskins were confined James Black. at RattlesnakeSprings Apr. stormsfor mostof April into 1-May 29 (v.o.),with singlesat largelyto montaneareas. A few mid-May.These systems, associ- Scoval)and Boone• Draw the BlackRiver Village May 16 and RedCrossbills were in theJemez, atedwith the Aleutian Low, gen- sameday (CB, ph. JB), single Owl Spring Apr. 24 (SW). Sangrede Cristo,and Sandia erated cool, onshorewinds and Worm-eatingsnear Melrose May Northerly were three ranges(v.o.); 20 were in the cloudyconditions, and greatly 3 (JB, AF) and at Rattlesnake Pyrrhuloxiasat Brantley L. Apr. ManzanoMts. Apr. 26 (CR, slowedspring. Most passerines SpringsMay 12 (phs.JB, LG), 30 (LH). Four Rose-breasted PRS);and others were in theSan arrivedlate and in low numbers, and single Ovenbirdsw. of Grosbeakswere reportedMay MateoMts. Apr. 30 andMay 7 andthe setup of nestingterrito- MelroseMay 10 (JB,CB) andat 7-26, the westernmostat T/C (TH). At least one Lawrence's ries and the arrival of females was AlbuquerqueMay 17 (JP). May 23 (DM). Unusualwas a Goldfinch was at Pancho Villa easily two weeks late from Hermit Warblersare sparsein Blue Grosbeak at 7250 ft in Los S.EApr. 22 (CB, CT). Evening Ketchikan to Kodiak. These AlamosMay 16 (fideBL). Only Grosbeakswere widespread in weatherconditions also pushed one Abert's Towhee was in the low to moderate numbers in and pelagic migrantsinshore in GilaValley May 4 (fideRF),but 3 nearmontane areas; noteworthy unusual numbers and rear- pairswere at SanSimon Cienega were25 at ZuniApr. 20 (DC), rangedstaging areas of Snow Apr.5 (SOW). 117 in the Ribera-Villanueva Geeseaway from traditional By lateApril, a few Cassin's areaApr. 25 (CR), and six at sites.The NorthSlope's spring Sparrowswere singing near TIC PleasantonMar. 28 (JH). was about normal, with (SOW), Percha Dam (v.o.), significantsnowmelt occurring BrantIcyL. (LH), and near Cited Observers:Charles Black, by late May. The earlyseason Hope, EddyOH, RD); "hun- JamesBlack, David Cleary, Wes (April) stormsbrought warm, dreds"were s. of ClaytonMay 16 Cook, Robert Dickerman, wet conditionsto the Aleutians. (HS). The only FieldSparrow GordonEwing, Ann Farley, Ralph But few storms coincided with wasat Rattlesnake Springs Apr. 1 Fisher,Larry Gothet,Michael thepeak migration period in the (JP,BP). Northerlyand a local Herman, Lois Herrmann, T.J. secondhalf of May,and passer- first was a Black-chinned Hines, John Hubbard, Tyler ine migrationthere was weak Sparrownear Madrid May 23 Huning,Pat Insley, Paul Lehman, One stormdid depositrecord (CR).Highly unusual, as well as BurtonLewis, Doris Miller, Bruce numbers of shorebirds in the late,was a probableLe Conte's Ostyn,Benjamin Parmeter, John western Aleutians. Sparrowat Taos May 8 (CR).At Parmeter,Christopher Rusta)5 L.V.N.W.R., where Song Catherine Sandell, Robert GREBESTO Sparrowbreeding isunrecorded, Scholes, Hart Schwarz,John WATERFOWL twowere carrying nest material Shipman,Katie Skaggs,David The transition-plumagedPied- Apr. 17 (CR) andat leasttwo Smith,Patricia R. Snider,Charles billed Grebe discovered in weresinging Apr. 30 OH etal.). Troup,Brad Vaughn, Steve West, Ketchikan's boat harbor Mar. Unusualwas a SwampSparrow at S.O. Williams.•SARTOR O. 3-15 (SH, ph. JK) likelyhad GlenwoodMar. 25 OH); high WILLIAMS III and JOHN P. wintered locally. Fork-tailed Male Hermit Warbler east of Fort was an estimated 25 at HUBBARD, New Mexico De- Storm-Petrels descended on Sumner,New Mexico, May 3,1991. RattlesnakeSprings Apr. 1 0P, partmentof Game and Fish, KachemakBay Apr. 16 to early Photograph/JamesBlack. BP). White-throatedSparrows Santa Fe, NM 87503. May and peaked at "several

Volume 45, Number 3- 48a ebue''"'" .:-:,-,•:!•:::•...

SewardPen. • Fairbanks MongolianPlover at AttuIsland, Alaska,May 14, 1991. Photograph/MonteM. Taylor. • {•.{' •chorage'"' .¾ bred. A gaudy 9 Eurasian Dotterel was located in a wet meadow on Sevuokuk Mt. above GambellJune 6 (Attour),in an areawhere the species had been found before. A completeddutch of Bristle-thighedCurlews May 20 in the Curlew L. foothills,lower Yukon R., was the earliestever thousand"offHomer Spit May A c• FalcatedTeal was pre- BaldEagles, feasting on early recorded there. At least one 8 (LC, GCW). This pelagic sentwhen the Attour group run Eulachon at the mouth of Great Knot frequentedSafety form normallyoccurs in shel- arrivedat Attu I. May 12; it theStildne R., peakedat anall- Lagoonnear Nome June3-11 teredKachemak Bay only in late remainedthrough June 2. This timelocal high of 1628Apr. 8 (KJZ, RR, VENT), another summer,when adults gather showyteal remains an irregular (fide PJW). Until we receive record near Nome, where this food in these rich waters. What springvisitor in thew. Aleutians additional details, the imm. speciesmay well be annualin were probablytwo different only.Waterfowl were generally eagleidentified as a first-year spring.At least one White- Great Blue Herons were earlyat Prudhoe Bay this spring, White-tailedEagle by observersrumped Sandpiper appeared at observedflying into Sitka Spruce but fourMallards there May 7 atGambell, St. Lawrence I., May Juneau• Mendenhall wetlands woods,carrying sticks, in May were recordearly for the w. 29 (Wings,•GHR) will haveto May 27 (•MS), for s.e.Alaska's near Cape Chiniak,Kodiak I. BeaufortSea by 9 days(EB). remain an unsubstantiated first record. This Arctic nesteris (HP). These were the Kodiak This seasonsonly Cinnamon record. Attu's resident White- casualanywhere in the Region Archipelago'sfirst suggestion of Tealwas a single drake at Juneau tailedEagle stoically remains in awayfrom the e. Interiorand the local nestingfor Great Blue May4 (MS). Gadwallis distinct- TemnacValley (Attour). The NorthSlope. Prudhoe Bays first Herons, which are casualthere ly rare on the Arctic coastal Taku 1L Steller'sSea Eagle arrivalRed-necked Phalarope inspring and summer. plain,so groups of fiveJune 2 returnedduring breakup and appearedMay 20 (EB),the earli- A concentration of several (RR, DW) andsix June 10 (KO, wasfirst seen at nearby Swede Pt. est ever by nearly2 weeks. hundred Tundra Swans east of MS) nearPrudhoe Bay were of Apr.25 (fideMEI). Unusual inshore numbers of Nomeinduded what was appar- note. As has been the casefor the Red-neckedPhalaropes were entlya less-than-adult plumaged pastseveral springs, Eur. Wigeon I•ILSTO foundin innerKachemak Bay WhooperSwan May 31 ('•BS, recordsaway from the Bering SHOREBIRDS aroundHomer May 10 and later KJZ,RR, JO etal.). All 3 previ- Sea were concentrated in The springsfirst and only Sora (GCW), when an impressive ous n.w. Alaska records were Southcoastal. Two were earliest was callingat Blind Slough, count of"thousands"was seen. from coastalsites in June.This at Kodiak Mar. 29, where a flock Mitkof I., May 24 (CW, SB, birdwas present well into June. of sevenwas maximum Apr. 2 I<•). iJall• Bean Geeseappeared in the (RAM).Up to 10birds appeared Not sincespring 1983 has w. TO OWLS Aleutianswithout any pattern, in the Anchoragearea Apr. Aleutianshorebird migration With the increasein observersin latein theperiod: one at Attu I. 13-May 4 (RLS, DWS et al.). beenso spectacular. Near-peak the Nome area,records of Corn. May 27 (Attour),two at KiskaI. Singleswere found at Homer countsof manyspedes occurred Black-headed Gull there have June3 (AB),and one farther e. at May9 (MN) andTalkeetna May inthe 3rd weekofMa• after pas- increased.This year at leastone KavalgaI. June 10 (GVB). 3 (LR).The Eur. Wigeon peakin sageof a stormand its associated adult was noted near Safety Sixteen Snow Geese on the theAleutians reached 46 May13 fronts.Mongolian Plovers were SoundJune 3-12 (KJZ, RR, StikineR. deltaMar. 27 (PJW) at Attu(Attour). Two groups of scattered around the w. VENT). Alsorare on the Seward wererecord early. Normal early four Corn. Pochardswere found Aleutians in low numbers in the Pen.coast is Bonaparte'sGull; arrivalis roughly2 weekslater. atAttu I. May 12 & 29 (Attour). 2ndhalf of May;the maximum one at TellerJune 2 (KJZ, RR, Thecool April slowed snowmelt Other late Corn. Pochards wasfive each on Attu I. May25 BS)was noteworthy away from and breakupin Southcoastalincluded a singleat AgattuI. (Attour) and Buldir I. June4 the taiga. SingleRing-billed such that Snow Geese were June7 (KR, VK, LG, GB) and (GVB et al.). At least four Gulls appearedat Anchorage forcedto stage in otherthan tra- two that eventuallydied at CommonRinged Plovers were Apr.28 (GJT),where it hasbeen ditionalsites. At Anchorage,Buldir I. June5-8 (GVD*, ILJ). scatteredabout Gambell village annualin springrecently, and at whereSnow Geese are normally A groupof 75 Canvasbacksin May 30-June6 (Wingset al.). PetersburgMay 11 (PJW). uncommonand brief in spring, SafetyLagoon near Nome May Two pairs of SemipalmatedSingle California Gulls at numbersgrew to an impressive31 (KJZ,RR, BS)was one of the Ploverswere again on territory at KetchikanMar. 13 and Apr. 29 1600+ by Apr. 25 (DFD). SewardPen.'s highest totals and AdakI. May 25 to at leastJune (SH) mayhave been wintering Hundredswere still present by likely indicateda flight from 13 (SC), the farthestw. in the birds.There are very few late May 5 (TGT). droughton the n. prairies. Aleutians that this form has winter-earlyspring records for

484. American Birds,Fall 1991 onlythree were peak there May 31 (Attour). The Mountain Bluebirdat HyderApr. 21 (SH) A recordfallout ofshorebi rds occurred atArm in themidst of a stalled was likely a springmigrant rather than a winter bird. low-pressuresystem over the w. Aleutians May 21-24. Record counts of severalspecies accompanied the windy, misty weather. Sixteen Followinga heard-onlyreport CommonSandpipers at Attu May 26 madea newdaily maximum fromHyder in June1990 (q.v.), a singingVeery was again heard countfor the Region. The bulk of this shorebird passage was stints in in the Fish Cr. deciduous thick- staggeringnumbers. With thenear-record totalof 35 Rufous-necked etsMay 29 (?SH). Of related StintsMay 23 was a singleimpeccable Litde Stint, which remained Male MagnoliaWarbler at Hyder, untilMay 25. There is one previous spring Aleutian record. Perhaps interest,up to three singing Veeryswere heard and seenin Alaska,May 29, 1991. Formerly mostunprecedented were,,the 43 Temminck'sStints May 23. similar habitat acrossthe Border consideredcasual i. Naska, this Temminck•Stint is casual inspring in the w. Aleutians and had been in Stewart, BC, in the sametime speciesis nowturning up morefre- recordedthere only once in springsince 1984. This movement of quentlyin the Hyderarea. Temminck'sStints reached gastward to Adak I., whereone was locat- period. EyebrowedThrush Photograph/SteveHeinl. madetheir poorest showing in edMay 26-27 (SC, ILJ, KR); for th• first island record. Also inrecord Aleutiansare the only other numberswere Long-toed Stints, which peaked at20May 23. Other yearsin thew. Aleutians,with a high of only two May 30 records w. of Unimak I. A highlightsinduded fourCom] Greenshanks May22-24, atleast two (Attour). singing Harris' Sparrow at SpottedRedshanks May•22726• a9d two Sharp-tailed Sandpipers A major "wave"of Yellow Ketchikan Mar. 26-29 (SH, May24 (all.Attoui)• Thll Shorebird fallout ,was punctuated by Wagtails,bound for Alaska ph.) probablywintered in the Pi•tai!Snip; atto May•5• Vouna 6fithe trail'adjacent tothe qufir- breeding areas, hit Nome area area, sincewe have very few ters(•UAM). Uhlike 5the•Hntail SniPe identified atAttu,in spring coast thickets June 3 (KJZ, RR), migrantrecords from Southeast "198•,••!• individualwasC0nfirm• asAlaski •first recordSThis snipe when 200+ were tallied between awayfrom the Mainland. There behar'ed!as:di•the t984 bi•d, singlir/g out drier, gr•sy habitats• It Cape Nome and Solomon. is one previous Ketchikan showed;iu e ilmiiarto that bird• indudin a buffupperwln record.For the 3rd year in a [ 6ov•rtp•ella.b•ffwash acr•xhe thf0it:and Upper breast• and rio Spring concentrationsare [ white8;'•hgtrailing•dgff6•the wing.The Piumi0 and 'call (a'raspy unusual along the BeringSea row,Rustic Bunting was all but t&e,td,•) cleady,s•te thi;'sp•cies from nomlnarl coast.Six Black-backed Wagtails absentfrom the Region. Singles SniPl;the rOa;:mie:mrughe w.Aleutians. at Attu May 15 (Attour)neatly at Attu May 16-17 and27-28 equalledthe high count for the werethe onlyreports (Attour). Aleutians. We received a nice The RustyBlackbird at AdakI. descriptionof animmature-type Mar. 17 (SC, GVB, DB) pro- leeted and in fact turned out m White/Black-backedWagtail vided a first for s.w. Alaska w. of be a 9 Oriental Cuckoo from SoutheastsLong I. May ColdBay. (DDG), basedon mensuraland 13-18 (JW). This birdwas seen Bramblingspeaked at an plumagecharacters. In the hand, several times inside a school averageof 21 at Attu May 13 thevent was clearly washed with gym.Although the observer felt (Artour).Other reportsof note ochrewhich, if present,is a con- thebird was a White Wagtail, his weresingle females at Juneau sistentmark for separating the 2 descriptionbetter fits an imm. d' May 1 (fide MEI) and at cuckoos,but whichis alsovery Black-backed.Casual in spring, Gambdl June 3-9 (Atmur, difficultto see clearly in thefield. a handsomePechora Pipit was KJZ). A c3 Purple Finch Early-seasonBarred Owl reports located in willow thickets at Attu appearedata Juneau feeder with camefrom n. of Juneau,Bardett May 25 (Attour,MT ph.)in the PineSiskins Apr. 28 (MEI), this Covenear Glacier Bay, and east exact site where the last one was seasonsonly report. Still no pat- Commo. Greensha.k at Attu of Ketchikan. Late-seasonobser- found in 1988. ternof appearanceexists for this Island,Alaska, May 24, 1991. vationswere two togetheron Most unusualwas a singing finch, which breedsas closeas Badweather in late May droppeda Mitkof I. May 22 (KB) and a Tennessee Warbler near the British Columbia Coast record falloat of shorebirds on callingbird on the adjacent PetersburgMay 24 (PJW),a 3rd Range.Red Crossbills were com- Attu. Photograph/MoateM. Taylor. mainlandMay 28 (CW). SixN. localrecord and one of fewaway mon and widespreadthrough- the Region. At least three Pygmy-Owlswere heard during from the Stikine R. deciduous out mostof mainlandand adja- Western-typeGulls were iden- earlyspring surveys on Mitkof I. thickets. A c3 Magnolia cent islands of Southeast and at tified at Ketchikanas singles nearPetersburg (PJW). Warblerarrived at HyderMay Kodiak.White-winged Cross- Mar. 3-27, May 15,and May 17 25 (SH, ph.), one of the billswere locally common at best (?SH, ph.). Althoughat least SWALLOWSTO Regionsearliest. This warbler in Southeast and in the coastal one of these birds would not be WARBLERS hadpreviously been considered Sitka Spruce/Hemlock forests of questionedelsewhere in the Most unusual for the Alexander casualin springin Southeast,Southcoastal only. Pine Siskins Pacific Northwest, we cannot Archipelagowas a pair of N. buta patternof spring/summer quickly becameabundant in confirm additional Western Gull Rough-wingedSwallows at reports,regularly at Hyderand Southeast and n. to at least sightingsfor the Region until a LongI. n. of Dixon Entrance oftenelsewhere, has developed Kodiak in March/April but specimenissecured. June1-2 (JW). This swallowis overthe past4 years.An Am. remained uncommon and A flurryof briefsightings of regularin the Regiononly at TreeSparrow at Adak I. Mar. 17 patchyn. of there.A single cuckoosat Attu I. May 28 Hyder. AmericanCrows were (SC,LC, GVB) furnisheda first Oriental Greenfinchappeared included claims of both presentat Hyderwhen observers record for the central and w. at Attu May 25. It wasfollowed Common and Oriental cuckoos. reachedthere in lateApril; the Aleutians and the first "winter" by up to fiveMay 28 (Attour). Butwhen the gray-morph bird maximumwas 20 Apr. 24-26 report for s.w. Alaska.Most Five Hawfinches were at Atto waspinned down May 29-31, it (SH). Hyder is the only place unusualfor theAleutians at any May 13-31. was identified as a c3 Common where this corvid reaches the seasonwas a groupof three by the cleangray hood and Region. Golden-crownedSparrows at Contributors and observers: breast, whitish vent, and thin SiberianRubythroats arrived Adak Mar. 23 (SC). A few fall J.B. Allen, Attour (D.D. breaststripes. This bird was col- earlyat Attu I.: oneMay 26; but reportsfrom the central and w. Gibson, M.E. Isleib, G.B.

Volume45, Number Rosenband,T.L. Savaloja,N.S. Doyle, RJ. Gordon, L. W. Rucci, R.L. Scher, B. Delaney,R. Rucci,B. Schram), Proctor, D.W. Sonneborn, et Greffenius,S. Heinl, I.L. Jones, Schram,M. Schwan,M. Smith, KJ. Zimmer. T.G. TOBISH, al.),A. Bayer,S. Blatt, D. Boone, V. Klett, J. Koerner, R.A. G.J.Tans, M. Taylor,EJ. Walsh, JR., 2510 Foraker Drive, E. Burroughs,K. Burton,G.V. Macintosh, J. O'Neale, K. M. Ward,J. Watters,C. Welch, Anchorage,AK 99517;M. E. Byrd, L. Clendenon,S. & L. O'Reilly,L. Reiber,K. Richards, G.C. West, D. Wimpfeimer, ISLElB, 9229 Emily Way, Crabtree, D.E Delap, T.J. R. Rodrigues,G.H. Rosenberg,VENT (K.J. Zimmer, D. Juneau,AK 99801.

casual in interior British BRmSH Columbiabut may be beginning a rangeexpansion. A pair was COLUMBIA/' seenin suitablebreeding habitat at SecheltMay 8, and a single YUKON was seenMay 28 (TG). This speciesiscasual on the Sunshine REGION Coast. F•dNel•n Chris Siddle A Black-crownedNight Heron,a vagrantanywhere in BritishColumbia except for a tiny populationat Reifel I., March was colder,cloudier, and Ladner,was seenat Williams L. wetter than usual,with snowin many parts of the province. ;%? k probablyMay6(AB thefide northernmost PR). This is Some migrantswere delayed. recordfor the province. Violet-greenSwallows, which As usual,swans staged in initiallyappeared in theextreme McClintockBay of MarshL., south Okanagan in mid- Yukon,with 440 Trumpeters February,disappeared with the Apr. 13 and 685 Tundrasand chill of the latter half of that TrumpetersApr. 27 (HG, DSh). monthand were, for example, Peak swan movement,Apr. twoor threeweeks late arriving 19-21, when 1800 birds were in Vernon.In PrinceGeorge, counted,was 4-5 daysearlier overnightApril lows did not than usualOH). A numberof consistentlyrise above freezing swans lingered in British until April 23. This held back Columbia's interior. Three leating of local hardwoods, TundraSwans were at StumpL., retardingearly insect hatches, Kamloops,May28 (RH). An ad. Tundra was at Moose L., Mt. whichmay have been a factorin LOONS TO I 1 (CE). The only tubenoses migrantlateness. GEESE reportedwere severalhundred RobsonProv. Park, May 30, for a The firstperiod of sustained A Yellow-billedLoon appeared firstpark record (CA, JB, m.ob.). Sooty and two Pink-looted Parties of 2-3 immature swans warm, sunnyweather occurred onSlocan L. nearNakusp May 5 shearwatersoffCape Scott May ofundeterminedidentitywere at in mid-April,followed by more (TB). Yellow-billedsare casual in I0 (GJ, KW). Five Am. White OtterL. May 19 (RH, CS,GD), normal springqiketempera- British Columbia's interior. Pelicansappeared in Revelstoke tures.Early May waswet, with Intriguingly, a 'similarly EnderbyMay 18(GD, RH, CS), May 9, and two morejoined and VernonApr. 25-May 19 arrivalof spring migrants about a plumagedYellow-billed Loon themMay 11 (DP).This species weeklater than usual. Only one wason the samelake Sept. 2, (PR, CS, m.ob.). A banded weather-related bird observation is casuale. of the Okanagan TrumpeterSwan at Golden in 1990 (GD, CS). Could this Valley.An ad. Double-crested wasreported: awave of hundreds spring'sbird be a migrantdrop- April was a 2-year-oldmale ofW.Wood-Pewees wasground- Cormorantat PrinceGeorge bandedin Wyomingduring the ping into a favoriterest stop? May 11 furnishedthe areas first ed by a periodof cool rain winter(EZ). Another Yellow-billed,in basic spring record (CA, JB, NK, aroundNelson and Castlegat Up to sevenGreater White- plumage,was at RobertsBank MP). May 25. fronted Geesewintered at Reifel May 12 (RJC, m.ob.), and An Am. Bitternwas reported Some interior observers another was off Port Mellon IslandRefuge, lingering until on territory at Walcott near noted a scarcityof Golden- Mar. 18, for a 2nd Sunshine March(JI). Two to fourlingered crowned Kinglets, Winter Telkwathroughout late May and in KamloopsMar. 10-31 at Coastrecord (TG). June(DS). Singlebitterns were Wrens,and Steller's Jays, species Afterlast spring's first nesting Tranquille(SR). StrayWhite- thatperhaps suffered high mor- also recordedat Tranquille, fronts induded one at Silverton in the Queen CharlotteIs., a Kamloops,May 18 (SR)and the talityduring a colder-than-usualPied-billed Grebe was heard at May 10-25 (GD, TB) and one winter. In the Yukon, a number OsoyoosOxbows May 19 (RH, at RevelstokeMay 16 (ET,DP). of "southern" ducks continue a MassetApr. 20 (.CB, MH). Gary GD). Two Great Blue Herons A remarkable assortment of Davidsonreported larger than were seen at Lorne L. near geese could be found at recent expansionwithin the usual numbers of mzgrant Territory,where local birders CarcrossR., s. Yukon,May 5 Revelstokein May. FourSnow Horned Grebes on Arrow L., (HD fide HG). Great Blue expectto soonconfirm breeding Geesewere seen May 4 (DP).An peakingat I10+ Apr. 22. A Herons are rare visitors in the s. undocumentedRoss' Goose, for RuddyDucks, Cinnamon CladdsGrebe, casualin British Yukon. This observation of two Teals,and Redheads. casualto BritishColumbia, was Since Victoria and Vancouver Columbia, was among 95 individualsis unprecedented.seen May 14-23 but was not Westernsoff StanleyPark May Two Green-backed Herons were reportedto out-of-townbirders did not reportthis season, this 12 (?MPr). Another Clark's report• focusis the province at PendctonMay 17 (M & BM until June(DP). Two Bar-head- interior. Grebe, without details, was fideRJC), for a 2ndOkanagan ed Geese and a Bean Goose also reportedfrom RichmondMar. Valley record.This speciesis seen in May were probably

ßAmerican Birds, Fall 1991 escapees.For the 3rd or 4thyear CranberryMarsh, Valemount, Unaided by man, Wild in a row,an Emperor Goose win- May 5 (JB,m.ob.). Farther west, Turkeyscontinue to spreadN tered around Victoria. The last aroundPrince George, 39 were into British Columbia from record was in Central Saanich seenon Taber L. May 12 andsix their base at Creston in the W. Mar. 16 (CE,JBT). onEaglet L. (CA,m.ob.). Fifteen Kootenays. Three were at thousandSurfScoters feeding on Argenta Apr. 15-30 (JBe). DUCKS herringspawn were carefully esti- Groupsof 4, 12, and 24 were Oneor two pairs of Wood Ducks matedat MacoahPassage e. of reportedfrom the ChristinaL. continue to return to Uclueleton Apr. 6 (RJC). A areae. of Grand Forks(RW). A CottonwoodI., PrinceGeorge, drake White-winged Scoter populationof about10 birds has 5 [" "X"-' at the extremen. part of their graced the Castelgarsewage been establishedsince the 1970s BritishColumbia range. This pondsMay 25 (GD, LVD, CS). at Armstrong,and a "new" yeara pair was seen Apr. 26 (DE, This speciesis casualin the W. colonyof fourwas found in the MW). A drakeMandarin Duck Kootenays.Fifty White-wingeds Falkland-Westwold area May 14 1•5. •s s• was "•i•e•" wasat Secheltmid-April, possi- wereat TranquilleMay 25 (SR), (ph.CS). in 1•1. •p•len S•nley. bly from the feralLost Lagoon and 23 were on Salmon L., A Sofa, rare in s. Yukon, was populationthat disappears every DouglasL. Ranch,May 18-19 seen in the Whitehorse- showedPrince George birders a spring(BSt). Cinnamon Teals, (GD, RH, CS). SingleRed- Riverdalearea May 31 (JH). pair of Long-billedsat a tradi- rare in s. Yukon, were seen 4 breasted Mergansers, rare SingleAm. Coots,rare in the tionalnesting site in a farmer• times:a maleat MarshL. May migrantsin the interior,were Yukon, were at SwanL., 20 km fieldat McBrideMay 5 (JB).A 17, a pair at nearbyJudas Cr. recordedat TranquilleApr. 26 n. of Whitehorse,May 31 (HG) flockof 40Whibrels at RoseSpit May21 OH), a maleat SwanL., (SR),Slocan L. May7 (GD, TB), andMcClintock Bay, Marsh L., May 19 wasan unusuallylarge 20 km n. ofWhitehorse, May 18 and CastlegarMay 25 (GD, Apr.26-29 OH). flock for Queen CharlotteIs. (HG), and a male at Shallow LVD, CS). RuddyDuck sight- Six Sandhill Cranes were (CB, MH). One Whimbrel at Bay,s.w. of LakeLaberge, May ingsare increasing in s. Yukon, unusuallyearly at Rose Hill, near KluaneL. nearKluane R. May 30 (HG). SevenGadwalls, rare wherethe species israre but regu- Kamloops,Mar. 6 (RH). At 12was a rareYukon sight (HG). in the Yukon, were at Marsh L hr. Smallnumbers were reported Kispiox,1500 were counted Apr. A Whimbrel at Kitsilano Beach, May 11 OH). Singlec• Eurasian in mid-Mayfrom SwanL, 20 21 (Me), and threewere 8 km Vancouver, Mar. 31 was unusu- Wigeonswere reportedfrom km n. of Whitehorse (HG). s.e.of PrinceGeorge Apr. 22 (B allyearly and rare for thatloca- Prince George, Golden, Another "southern" duck in the & LB). tion (RJC).Hudsonian Godwits Revelstoke,Nakusp, Kamloops, Yukon was the Hooded are rare in the Yukon. Two were Vernon, and Kluane and Marsh Merganser,with two femalesat SHOREBIRDS at BurwashLanding May 11 Lakes (Yukon). Most records SwanL. May 18-19 (HG). Two Lesser Golden-Plovers, (HG), andeight, a highnumber were for April exceptfor the casualin springat Vancouver, for the Yukon,were at KluaneL. Kamloopsbird, which was a very EAGLES TO CRANES were at 72nd St. and Roberts nearKluane R. May 12 (HG). A early Mar. 17 (SR) and the Two Turkey Vultures at BankMay 12 (RJC).A Snowy Marbled Godwit at Revelstoke Yukonbirds, which ranged from RevelstokeMay 23 furnishedthe Plover, the 8th provincial May29 providedthe 2nd spring April 22-May 12 (HG, JH). first spring record for the record,was at Nel'sBight, Cape record for the Revelstoke area Thehighest number at one loca- Revelstokearea (H & OG). An ScottP.P., May 8 (GJ,KW). Two (ET, DP). Three Upland tion on a singleday was six at Ospreyat WhitehorseMay 1 Black-neckedStilts appeared in Sandpipersat RiskeCreek May Vernon Apr. 7 (PR, CS). A wasa raresight for the s. Yukon KelownaMay 10 (CC), withone 17 were very rare spring EurasianX Am.Wigeon hybrid OH). Four hundredthirty-five remaininguntil May 17 (RJC). migrants(TH). Two Uplands was at Alkali L., w. of Williams BaldEagles were counted along AmericanAvocets, casual in the were at 37 Mile Creek n. of the L in earlyMay (PR). the SkeenaR. (distanceunstat- Okanagan,appeared in relative- Takhini IL, Yukon,.May 26 Redheads nested on ed)Mar. 17 duringan eulachon ly substantialnumbers in late (MWh). ReflectionL., Golden, for a first run (Me). PrinceGeorge has at April, with sevenat Kelowna Semipalmated Sandpipers nestingfor the upper East least2 pairsof"urban dwelling" Apr.21 (DB) andthree at Swan areonly casual in theOkanagan Kootenays(EZ). In the Yukon Merlinsthat beganto returnto L., Vernon,Apr. 25 (tCS). Up to Valleyin spring.Two in alternate Territory,where Redheads are investigateformer nesting sites five remained around Robert L. plumageat RobertL., Kelowna, consideredrare, there were 4 Apr. 5 & 15 (NK). Gyrfalcons andthe Kelownadump the rest May 11 andone May 12 areof sightings:nine malesand two arevery rare in interiorBritish of the month (CS, RJC, DB). note (tCS). One wasalso seen at females at Schwatka L, Columbia in the best of times. Rick Howie estimated at least 20 Nicola L May 19 (GD, RH, Whitehorse,May 15 (HG, MS); One at Tranquille,Kamloops, avocetsin the Kamloopsarea *CS), a firstdocumented spring a maleat ShallowBay, s.w. of Mar. 30 (SP0was a fairlylate duringMay, with 3 nestsat recordfor the Kamloopslad- Lake Laberge,May 31 (HG); "spring"record. WhiteL. Threeprovided a first long. Ruffs are very rare in twoat McClintock Bay of Marsh GrayPartridges are notewor- Revelstokerecord May 22 (ET, spring,with only 3 provincial L. Apr. 25 OH); and a maleat thy anywherein the province; DP). records. A definitive alternate Kluanek nearSlims R. May 12 two were seen e. of Oliver Mar. Long-billed Curlews oc- plumagedmale at IonaI. May 12 (HG). A c• Tufted Duck, the 30 (CE). SpruceGrouse occur in curredout of rangeat 2 loca- wasa purejoy for Vancouver Okanagan's3rd, appearedon mid-to-high-elevationforests tions,with oneat NakuspApr. birders(ph. John Dorsey).A OkanaganL., Kelowna,Mar. 3 throughoutthe s. interior but are 25-27 (GD, CS), where it was Short-billed Dowitcher at to at leastMar. 17 (DB, m.ob.).A seldom reported.Wing-tap- joinedby a 2ndApr. 28 (MPa), NicolaL. May 19 furnishedthe 2ndTufted Duck was present on ping maleswere seen on Silver and one at EagletL., Prince Kamloopslatilong's first docu- EsquimakLagoon Mar. 10 StarMtn. May 19 (XL, RT). Ten George,Apr. 19, for a firstlocal mentedspring record (GD, RH, (JBT).A 3rd, a male,was at Iona Sharp-tailedGrouse were found record(CA). One of the seasons *CS). Short-billeds,rare in the Is. Mar. 17 (CE). Two on the Lac du Bois lek near excitingdiscoveries was that Yukon,were seen at 3 locations: Oldsquaws,casual migrants in KamloopsMay 19 (GD, RH, Long-billedCurlews regularly six at Swan L., 20 km n. of the Okanagan,were seenon CS). This is the only readily breed in the McBride area of e.- Whitehorse,May 19 (HG), five SwanL., Vernon,May 19 (XL, accessiblepopulation in s. central British Columbia. Elsie at ShallowBay, s.w. of Lake RT). One was reportedon British Columbia. and Glen Stanleyof McBride Laberge,May 31 (HG), and

Volume 45, Number 3 - 487 eightat KluaneL. nearKluane raremigrant in interiorBritish EveR. valleynear Sayward Apr. rarein n. VancouverI., was seen R. May12 (HG, TP).Wilson's Columbia,was in thecompany 18 (CE). A c• Red-napedat Sayward May24 (CE). Phalaropesare also rare in s. of a fewlarger Sterna terns at Sapsuckerin Richmond Apr. 2 A TennesseeWarbler, rare in Yukon.Four malesand four DouglasL. May 19 (DK, BS). (tRJ)furnished only about the the Yukon,was seen at Litde femaleswere at Swan L., Yukon, Thisis the2nd record for the 20threcord for theVancouver Salmon L. May 19 (MWh).A May19 (HG). Karoloopslatilong. Six Corn. area.Another out-of-range Red- YellowWarbler, very rare in Terns,uncommon Okanagan naped appeared 9 km s.e.of QueenCharlotteIs.,was singing GULLSTO transients,were at SwanL., PrinceGeorge May 7, to provide outsidea birder's door in Queen WOODPECKERS Vernon,May19(RJC, m.ob.). afirst local record (LL, SK). CharlotteCity May 20 (MM AFranklins Gull on Masset Inlet BarnOwls are expanding fide MH). A Black-throated May29 provided the 2nd record their rangen. from central FLYCAIC#FI• GrayWarblerwasseenintheEve for QueenCharlotte Is. (CB, Washingtoninto OkanaganTOWARBLFR$ R. valley near Sayward, MH). Smallnumbers of Mew Valley,BC, possiblybecause Unprecedented numbers of W. VancouverI.,Apr. 22 (CE). This Gullsappeared inthe s. interior, of success.ful nestcavity pro- Wood-Peweeswere found speciesisusually found only on wherethey are rare, with one grams •n Idaho and aroundNelson and Castlegar s. VancouverI. but maybe Apr.6 andnine May 1 at Washingtonstate. For the May25. A surveybetween the2 expandingitsrange northward. Tranquille(SR) and four at 2ndyear in a row,a pair nest- townsfound 100-200 pewees An unusual migrant concentra- OkanaganLanding May 4 (ph. edin abarn along Road 22, s. feedingin unusuallyopen loca- tionof 25+Am. Redstarts was GD,CS). A Ring-billedGull at of Oliver(RJC, m.ob.). The finns,such as along fence lines foundina200-m-long stretchof WhitehorseMay 31 (JH,DR) firstadult was seen Mar. 18 amongfarms and cattle range willowat TaberL., Prince wasrare for the s. Yukon. A pair (RJC);five young were seen (GD,LVD, CS). George,May 25 (CA, JB). of HerringGulls nested, as May 19.Another Barn Own A c• PurpleMartin was seen usual,near the Telkwa dump wasobserved in Pentictonin at IonaI., Vancouver,May 25. GR0$BE•#$T0 (DS).This is theonly known mid-May(SC). RichardJ. Thenext day a female was spot- FINCHYeS pairfor the immediate area. A Canningsfound a Boreal tedat the same location (tMPr, A latebut significant observa- Thayer'sGull, casualin spring in Owl, veryrare in s. British pMWy,PW). These birds may tionwas of a firstfall c• Black- theOkanagan Valley, was at the Columbia,at the 2500-foot beovershoots from the s. Puget headedGrosbeak at Tlell from Kelownadump May 17 (RJC, levelof ShuttleworthCreek Soundcolonies, which continue Oct.6-14, 1990(JG-B). This is JW). Twowere at KamloopsRd., Vaseux L., Mar. 17.He to recovernicely A N. Rough- a first recordfor Queen Apr.14 (SR).JustoursideMasset believesit was a migrant.He ! wingedSwallow, rare in the CharlotteIs. A Black-headed Inlet(7 milesfrom shore) 212 alsofound a W. Screech-OwlYukon, was in theWhitehorse- was reported from Golden May Sabine'sGulls were seen May 30 along Irrigation Creek, RiverdaleareaMay 31 (JH). ! 31(EZ). This species israre so (CB,MH). Thisis a verylarge VaseuxL., and two Long- Followingtheir unprecedent- ' far e. in British Columbia. A few springconcentration forBritish earedOwls at McLean Creek, ed invasionof s.e. British LarkSparrows were n. of their Columbia. OkanaganFalls, all in the Columbiaduring fall 1990,a usualrange, with one at Scout A CaspianTem wasat same night. AnotherW. fewBlue Jays were still being i IslandPark, Williams L.,May17 RevelstokeMay 12, where it is Screech-Owlwas heardat reportedin spring, with one at ' (AR)and up to threeat an casual(KB, DP). Three Forster's Woodhaven Park, Kelowna, theAdams R. mouthMar. 10 airfieldnear ashrubby6-7-year- Terns,a speciescasual in thes. May 19,where the species is ' (RH),two at Revelstoke Mar. 17 oldclear cut w. of BellaCoola interioroursideofCreston, were regular(RJC, SO, m.ob.). (DP), threeat NakuspMar. May 27-29, a veryunusual, at Tranquille,Kamloops, May The latest record for the 31-Apr.27 (GD), andone at almostcoastal location (DBr). 25 (SR).An Arctic Tern, a very Burrowing Owl that New DenverApr. 27 (TB). AnAm. Tree Sparrow atSechelt appearedlast winter at the Black-billedMagpies appeared Apr. 11 was unusual for acoastal PatriciaBay airfield was Mar. atHouston for the 2nd springin location (TG). FourClay-col- 16-17 (CE, JBT). A Great a rowand possibly nested at oredSparrows and one Brewer's S,A. GrayOwl wasseen at Roche Houston(fide Dirk Septer). The Sparrownear Kamloops May 20 Hayfieldsaround Giscorne, a L., s.of Kamloops,May 19 lastmagpies seen in thisarea wereconsidered unusual (RH). smalico•h•ityeast of Prince (RH, CS). A pairof Long- occurredin the early 1950s. A Harris'Sparrow in breeding Geørge?attracted significant eared Owls nested along the MountRobson P.P.had its first plumageappeared with the flocks•f shorebirds thisspring. river at the n. end of Vaseux magpie everMar. 20 (NM). flocksofmigrant White-crowns If fieldiare too dry or are L., withthe young fledging A pairof Bushtits atSechelt at Vernon Apr. 23-25 (EN, PR), flooded,migranrs bypass them; justprior to May 19 (RJC). Apr.14 was in the same location while two were at the Osoyoos butiftheyaredampfromrecentAflockof200+Vaux'sSwifts as the SunshineCoast's first oxbowsMar.9(DBr). flooding,shorebirds willstop to at HorseshoeL. near McBride record for this species in Sept. ApparentlyRusty Blackbirds 'feed.On May 14-15 up to 300 May5 wasprobably thelargest 1990 (TG). The onlySage breed athigher elevations ofthe PectoralSandpipers, 150Long- concentrationeverreported for Thrasherofthe season wasone at ThompsonPlateau. Birders billedDowitchers, 100 Least BritishColumbia's interior (CA, Chopakaborder crossing e. of foundthree near Dee L. e. of andS•mipalmated Sandpipers, m.ob.). A Black-chinnedKeremeos May 29 (MGS).A KelownaMay17(RJC,JW)and _&reeSemipalmatedSandpipers, Hummingbird, rareoutside the Sprague'sPipit was discovered along the Coquihalla Connector •nd • LesserGolden-Plover Okanagan-Shnswap area,was at singingon territory at RiskeCr. May19 (DK, BS). A flockof 60 (dominica)ldominica??were KamloopsMay4-15 (RH). May17 to period'send (TH, Brown-headedCowbirds (60% seen(CA): A similarsimadon in ABlack-backedWoodpeckerPR).Initially misidentified asa female)at EagletL., Prince •990resulted in sightingtwo pairnested at thesurprisingly Canyon Wren (based onsimilari- George, May 12 was an unusual dominicaLesser Goldens May 9• lowelevation of 750 m near tyof songs), thebird was finally sight, asmigratory flocks ofthis •990(CA), casual in springKamloops inMay (BB). Another seen in mid-Juneand pho- speciesareseldom encountered everywherein the BritishBlack-back wasseen at Heffley tographed (AR). This is a first in the springin British Columbia5r3terior ,except the Creekjust n. of Kamloops May provincialrecord. Due to the Columbia(JB,CA, m.ob.). Mt. PeaciR•lowlands. This year 100 20 (RR). Two Three-toedlandowner's sensitivityto visitors, Robson Prov. Parks first Purple PectoralslingereduntilMay24.Woodpeckers, rare on wordof the bird's discovery was Finchwas seen May 30 (CA, JB). . VancouverI., wereseen in the suppressed.A Huttons Vireo, A Hoary Redpollwas at a

488. American Birds,Fall 1991 Whitehorse feeder Mar. 19 Shores,Grays Harbor Co., WA); the rookeryon thenorth end of (HG). The lastCom. Redpolls OREGON/ Sauvie(Sauvie Island, Columbia PotholesRes., Grant (RH), their of the winter in central British Co.,OR); S.J.C.R. (south jetty of only known breedingsite in Columbia were noted in Prince WASHINGTON the Columbia R., OR); Washington.Three Cattle Egrets GeorgeMay 2 (NancyKreuger). W.W.R.D. (Walla Ig•lla R. delta, at the Diamond Marsh at REGION Walla Walla Co., WA). Malheur(m.ob.) may have been Addendum:A VirginiaRail was Bill Tweit and breeding;there have only been a seen in Cranberry Marsh, JeffGilligan GREBES TO DUCKS fewbreeding records from there Valemount,June 18, 1990.This The firstClark's Grebe sighting since the first in 1980. The sightingisa few hundred km n.e. in theinterior was Apr. 27 in the White-faced Ibis colony at of thespecies' usual range in s.- Klamath Basin, OR (SR). On Diamond Marsh held at least centralBritish Columbia (JB). This springwas notablefor a thewestside, one was at Yaquina 10,000 birds (TC, SS). One cold,wet and stormy May, which Bay, OR, May 4 (BB, Phil White-faced Ibis was near Conbilml0ra:(Subregional edi- apparentlyhad dramaticeffects Picketing,DFa). Of 4 w. VancouverL., Clark,May 5 (JG); tors in boldface) Cathy on passerincmigration. All three Washingtonreports, only the theyare rare in w. Washington. Antoniazzi,Kay Bartholomew,spdng months were colder and birdat O.S.Apr. 19 was submit- The usual handful of Ross' KarenBeggs, Jir Bekker0Be), wetterthan average,providing ted with details(J-G & WH). Gooserecords away from their CharlieBellis, Barry Booth, Jack goodsnowpacks in the moun- Therewere 2 pelagictrips this migration route through Bowling,Doug Brown(DBr), tains,but the May figures showed spring,off Westport, WA, Apr. 20 Klamath and Malheur included Denise Brownlie, Bob Bullock, thelargest deviation from average andMay 4 (TW). As expected, two at Clarkston,WA Apr. 10 LoisBullock, Alan Burger, Terry for mostareas. A stormsystem countsof mosttubenose species (CVV) and one at McNary Burnett,Richard J. Cannings, May 17-19 coveredmost of increasedin May Black-footed N.W.R., WA May 9-10 (BW). Steve Cannings, Christopher Oregon,leaving 14" of snowat Albatross numbers rose from 18 This springs only Emperor Charlesworth,Mary Collins RoaringSpdngs Ranch, an oasis to 265, N. Fulmar numbersfrom Goosereport was one seenat (MCo), Mel Coulson, Gary near Malheur N.W.R., and 37 to 187, SootyShearwaters Seaside, Clatsop, OR May8 (RL). Davidson, Helen Dobroalski, passefinefallouts throughout the from 713 to 22,416 and Fork- There was still some movement JohnDorse)• Cameron Eckert, state.Flycatch-ers, vireos, war- tailed Storm-Petrel from 5 to 58. of Brantalong the Oregon coast DorothyEwert, Janet Gifford- blersand tanagers were the most Short-tailed Shearwaters were at theend of May (JG) andthe Brown,Hilary Gordon,Orville obviously affected by the seenonly in April,and Pink-foot- lastreport from Washington was Gordon, Tony Greenfield, inclement weather, and most edShear-waters only in Ma• both two at SeattleMay 27 (RT). A Helmut Grunberg, Jim observersindicated they had in low numbers.A probable maleGarganey in the flooded Hawkings,Margo Hearne, Tracy neverexperienced a migration MottledPetrel was seen May 11 ChehalisR. valley near Elma, Hooper, Rick Howie, John such as this in the Pacific with Fork-tailed Storm-Petrels on GraysHarbor from April 12 to Ireland,Gavin Johnston,Ruth Northwest. We assumethere was Swiftsure Bank at the entrance to May 15 (G & WH, Mike Jones,Sandra Kinsey, Dong a greatdeal of associatedmortali- the Straitof Juande Fuca(Phil Carmody,ph) is Washingtons Kragh,Nancy Krueger,Xavier ty,but there were no such reports. Andersonfide TW). ThreePink- 2nd record. The count of seven Lambin,Hue MacKenzie,Joann looted Shearwaters seen at O.S. Eur.Wigcon in PordandMay 16 MacKenzie, Herb Matthews, Abbreviations: K.R-S.P. May 11(M&MLD) anda Leach's (AF, Keith Barker)is unprece- Barb McGrenere, Mike (KirtlandRoad Sewage Ponds, Storm-Petrelseen at S.J.C.R. May dentedfor mid-May A maleseen McGrenere,Mary Morris, Nancy near MedJ3rd,OR); Malheur 21 (HN) werehighly unusual May11 in s.c. Douglas(G &WH) Muirhead,Elsie Nykyfork, Sue (MalheurNat• Wildli• Ref, sightingsfrom shore. is the latest record for e. Owen,Marilyn Pasieka (MPa), HarneyCo., OR);O.S. (Ocean GreatEgrets nested again at Washington.There were 14 Todd Peakes,Mark Phinney, reportsfrom the interior (m.ob.), Doug Powell, Michael Price lowerthan last spring but above (MPr), Phil Ranson, Ralph the long-termaverage. The •' Ritcey, Anna Roberts, Syd Tufted Duck that wintered at the Roberts,Laurie Rockwell, Don SheridanSewage Ponds, OR, Russell,Brian Self, Dirk Septer, stayedto Mar. 18 (m.ob.)and MichaelG.Shepard, Dylan Shortt Spokane* anotherappeared at theBay City (DSh), Chris Siddle, Merna SewagePonds, OR, Mar.13-May Singh,Elsie Stanle• Glen Stanle)• 4 (StevePowell, RL, m.ob.).There Billie Steel (BSt), J. B. Tatum, areusually a couple of recordseach RichTootchin, Ellen Tremblay, spring.The d'Smewthat wintered LindaVan Damme (LVD), Phil alongthe Columbia R. was last seen Wadden,Ron Walker, May West, April1 (DL). Mary Whitley (MWh), Ken Wright,John Wu, Mark Wynja VULTURES (MWy),Ellen Zimmer.•CHRIS T0 QUAIL SIDDLE, Site 10, Comp. 56, Peak days for Turkey Vulture R.R. 8, Vernon, BC V1T 8L6. migrationthrough the Rogue val- leywereMar. 18 & 30 andApril1 OREGON (MM). Black-shoulderedKites were sparinglyreported. In .Burns Washington,reports came from the Raymondarea (BT) where they breed,near Toledo, Lewis (RayScharpf), and a reportwith- out details from L. Whatcom ß Klamath Falls H•aflMt.Antelope Range May 24 (fideTW) is thesecond Whatcomsighting. There was

Volume45, Number3' • only one reportof Red-shoul- HarborApr. 23 (B & GR). Knots fors. Oregon, and they are rare at Afterthe wlnter's big freeze, deredHawk, Mar. 3 nearArago are casual in the interior. One was any seasonin the Roguevalley. Anna's Hummingbirdswere in the Coquillevalley (Sheri at RoaringSprings Ranch, OR Good numbers of Glaucous widelydistributed as usual in w Erickson). There were five May 19 (C & MC) and 12were Gullslingered into the spring sea- Oregon,more common on the reportsof Merlin(JEW, DL, TC) at SummerL., Lake,ORMay 11- son,afrer an exceptionalwinter. southcoast and in theRogue val- and four of Peregrine(SS, TC) 12 (SS).Sandefiings at K.R.S.P. The peakcounts were eight at ley (JG). Many of thesemay fromthe interior this spring. Two Apr.24 (•MM), SummerL. May Moolack Beach, Lincolr• OR have been birds that wintered PrairieFalcons appeared on the 11 (CM) and CollegePlace, Mar. 8 (JG, NL) and four in farther south, and were less westside:one at S.J.C.R.Apr. 13 Walla Wall• WA May 19 Tacoma,WA Mar. 16 (RM, Jon affected by the freeze. In (RichardSmith) and oneon the (M&MLD) wereall localrarities. Jensen). Washington,where most Anna's Skagitfiats the 2nd week of May Only one Semipalmated Anexciting, albeit 2nd-hand, seemto bepermanent residents, (fideB K). Sandpiperwas reported,from reportwas that a newcolony of therewere no reports this spring Shorebirdmigration was SummerL. May 4 (•SS).There CaspianTerns has been located. We hopethis is dueto lackof mediocrein mostareas. Only two were three Baird'sSandpiper After yearsof observationsof reportingand not a severe Lesser Golden-Plover(fidva) reportsfrom the westside Apr. 9 adultssummering and exhibit- decline. werefound this spring, at O.S. to May 4: two at K.R.S.P.(RE, ing courtshipbehavior in n. Along PugetSound, where Apr.28 (DP) andMay 17 (G & MM) andone at Sauvie(GL). On PugetSound, nests and eggs Lewis'Woodpeckers have been WH). Up m fourSnowy Plovers the eastside, one Mar. 21 at were found this springon a rare sincethe 1940s, one was at werenoted at O.S. this spring W.W.R.D. (•BW) wasvery early dredgespoil island in Swinomish BurlingronMay 19-22 (K & (PtSu). Both Am. Avocetand andthe peakcount of 27 near Slough,Skagit(W.D.W. fideK & JW). Two AcornWoodpeckers Black-neckedStilts put on a pret- Othello,WA, Apr.29 (RH) was JW). This is the northernmost were at the only known ty goodshow on the westside, quitelarge. There were only two colonyof Caspianson the Pacific Washingronbreeding locale at wherethey are casual in spring. reportsof PectoralSandpiper, at coast[although some may now LyleMar. 16 (EH). Therewere 3 Eleven stilts were found in w. SeattleMay 11 (fideEH) and one bebreeding in s.Alaska]. reportsof migrantRed-naped OregonApr. 21 to May 30 (ME, May 8 at Dry Falls,Grant, WA A Parakeet Auklet seen and Sapsuckerson the west side, HN, JuneBabcock, HS, MM). (?SJ).HN found1000 Dunlin at photographedoff Westport Apr. where rare: one at Hammond, Eightavocets were found on the S.J.C.R.May 21 and 100 still 20 (TW, m.ob.)was only the 4th Clatsop,OR Apr.21 (MP), one westsideof bothstates from Apr. there 3 dayslater; only a few report of a live bird in nearElma, GraysHarbor, WA, 18 m May 15 (TS, MM, JD, stragglersshould linger into late Washington,although there are Apr. 20 (BT) and one m DuncanMacquarry, K & JW). May. quitea few beachedspecimens. Portland May 27-28 (Paul EightyGreater Yellowlegs in the One Stilt Sandpiperwas at Band-tailedPigeon reports from Osborn,Steve Jaggers). Black- ChehalisR. valleynear Satsop, MalheurMay 8 (Jacques& Doris Washingtonwere encouraging. backed Woodpeckers were still WA Apr. 16 (Ian Paulsen,Mike Ross) and three were near Whatcom observers noted more in goodnumbers in the large Scuderi)was the peak count. Othello,Aa•ams, WA May 12-22 thanin recentyears (fide TW), burn of fall 1990 near Bend LesserYellowlegs are much less (?BT, RH, ?SJ). A Ruff at near Olympia they were more (TC). commonin theRegion; the peak SummerL. Apr.12-14 (•'SS)was numerousthan lastyear (G & Migrant flycatcherswere count was 25 at the ForestGrove thefirst e. Oregonrecord. In the WH, BT) althoughstill less moreconspicuous than everin SewagePonds, •shington, OR, interior, a few hendersoniShort- commonthan 5 yearsago, and many observers'experience. A Apr.22 (GregGilson). billedDowitchers occur annuall• 300were seen near Satsop, Grays stormsystem in theRogue valley A Wilier at K.R.S.P.May 4 Small numbers of unknown race Harbor,May 26 (RM). onthe night of May 17 grounded (RE) waslocally rare; elsewhere were at Summer L., Lake, OR in largenumbers of wood-pewees, on the westsidethey were only Apriland early May (fideTC) and OWLS TO Empidonaxand Ash-throated reportedfrom their usual haunts one hendersoniwasnear Othello, FLYCATCHERS Flycatchers(MM). Similarl• at YaquinaBay, OR (JG) and WA, May 12 (BT). The coastal BarredOwls were reported from nightrainstorms in the Richland, WillapaBay, WA (B & GR). race,caurinus, isnot expected in 6 localesin thePuget Sound low- WA,area May 17 & 18grounded While the peak count of theinterior, so two apparently of landsthis spring (m.ob.), indica- unprecedentednumbers of Whimbrel came from a coastal this race, at Hatfield L., tiveof theircontinuing spread. wood-peweesand Empidonax area,300 at YaquinaBay, OR, Deschutes,OR, May7 (TC) were Forthe 2nd year in a row,Great (BW). In the Pordand area, May 8 (fideJG), other large highly unusual. Red-necked Gray Owls werereported from unusuallylarge concentrations of countscame from river valley Phalaropeswere abundant along Okanoganin March (AS). Empidonaxwere noted May pastureland.Two hundredwere the outercoast during May as Hopefullythey will be found 11-18 (GL), a periodwith 2 suc- in the Skagitvalley, WA May 3 usual(HN, TW, G & WH). breedingin this area, which cessivecold fronts. Manymigrant (K & JW) and 275 werein the would be the first confirmed in Hammond's and 'Western' Chehalisvalley near Satsop, WA JAEGERS Washingron.Two or three Boreal Flycatcherswere still in s e May 5 (AS).A maleBar-tailed TO DOVES Owlswere heard giving their pri- OregonMay 26--27 (HN), prob- Godwitat O.S. Apr.21-28 (Jim A Long-tailed Jaeger at mary songat 5700' nearMt. ablydelayed by inclement weath- Reichel)is about the sixth spring BellinghamMay 13 (?TW)was Bachelor,DeschutesApr. 22 (TC, er in Ma• A LeastFlycatcher at recordfor Washington.It was outstanding;they are unheard of CM). Thisis only the 2nd known FieldsMay 26-27 (JG)was the accompanyinga flock of 600 asspring migrants. Up m twoad. localein the OregonCascades. only report. Seventeen reports of MarbledGodwits (DP), a record LittleGulls were found on Puget BlackSwifrs are rarely reported W. Kingbirdsfrom w. Washing- countfor Washingron.Ruddy Sound at Point No Point Mar. fromthe Coast Range in Oregon, ton (m.ob.)is appreciablyabove Turnstonesare unusualaway 15-Apr.26 (VN) forthe 3rd con- thusthe report of many at Agness average. fromthe coast. Up to fourwere secutivespring at thatlocation. May 18 (AB) was interesting. at K.R.S.P.May 10-13 (MM) Heermann'sGulls, rare in spring, Vaux's Swifr concentrations SWALLOWS and four were at Summer L., wereat YaquinaHead, OR, Apr. induded 700 in Sumas, TO WRENS Lake,OR May8 (SS). 22 (fideJG) andWestport, WA, Whatcom,WA May 5 (Ann Hundredsof Violet-greenand Counts of Red Knots on the Apr.20-May 4 (TW). Bytheend Eissinger)and 200 in Ashland, Barn swallowsover Green Lake in coast were low; 90 were at of May,20+ wereat O.S. (G & OR May 10 (MM), averagedates SeattleMay 18 (MartinMuller) S.J.C.R.May 10 (HN) and100+ WH). A Mew Gull at K.R.S.P. forthe appearance of large flocks wereprobably delayed migrants, at BowermanBasin, Grays May29 0Wa,MM) wasvery late of Vaux's. asmost are generally on territory

490 American Birds,Fall 1991 by this date.After lastwinters The usual scatteringof N. GrayWarblers on Mt. Pleasant, at Banks, •shington Apr. 8 Invasion,afew BlueJays attempt- Mockingbirdreports included Skamania,WA Apr. 29 (WC). (GeneHerb) and at SauvieMay ed the unthinkable (or so we one at O.S. Apr. 26 (Ted Vagrantwarblers records this 13 (NL) wereunexpected; ,they thought)and attempted to breed Mallory),three reports from the springwere limited to the regular arevery rare at anyseason in the •nboth states! Pairs were attempt- Roguevalley (fide MM), oneat vagrants,all but one from eastern westernOregon lowlands. Red •ng to nest in Hermiston, Hermiston,Umatilla, OR May Oregon.A TennesseeWarbler Crossbills were almost absent Umatilla,OR, during April (CC, 20 (MC), andtwo at BurnsJct., wasat FieldsMay 25 (DFi), three untilMay whena fewbegan to GL) andnear Waitsburg, l•/alla Malheur,OR, May 26-27 (DA, Black-and-White Warblers were appear(PMa, VN, JA). Small l•l/a, WA (M & MLD) during DL, TS). The winteringBrown foundMay 22-31(Gayle Stokes, numbers of Pine Siskins were May SingleBlue Jays lingered Thrasherat Frenchglen,OR, Sally Gould, BT), two reportedthroughout the Region until mid-Aprilin Pierceand waslast seen Apr. 27 (TC, SS, Ovenbirdswere at Malheur May (HN, G & WH). A d' Com. I•kimain Washington(PtSu, Jan CM). There were four 27-28 (TC, BingWong, JJ), and Redpollnear Nehalem, OR, May Mawrey)and an evenlater bird LoggerheadShrikes found west a N. Waterthrush was at Malheur 12 (PSet al.) was very late as well was on Lewis Peak, l•/alla l•&lla, of the Cascades, more than May 28 (PMu,LW). asout of place on the outer coast. May 19 (Dave Herr). Single usual.One wasat Steigerwald Western Tanagers were ScrubJays in WestSeatde during N.W.R., WA, Apr. 1 (WC) for a unusuallyconspicuous in migra- Initialedobservers: (subregional thefirst half of May (fideMark first Clark record, one in tion, primarilyduring the May editorsin boldface)Jim Acton, Egger)and in Bend,OR, May 15 Ashland, OR Mar. 23 (Ray 18-19 weekend, when MM David Anderson,Alan Barron, (Kathi Crabtree)are indicators Skibby)had probably wintered noted 15 in Ashland, GL found Barb Bellin (Salemarea), Thais thatScrub Jays are continuing to locally, and singleswere at 40 in a Portlandpark, and good Bock (Tacoma area), Wilson expandtheir range.American Dayton,YamhilL OR, Mar. 22 movements were noted in both Cady,Craig & MarionCotder, Crows were found at 3 locations (Tom Love) and at Agness, Wasco(DL) and at DeMossPark Tom Crabtree(e. Oregon),Jack In the heart of the Columbia Curry,OR, May 18 (AB). (TS). In Washington,28 wereat Davis, Mike & Merry Lynn Basinin Washington(AS, RH, Over 200 WarblingVireos a park in SeattleMay 7 (RT). Denny,Ray Ekstrom, Merlin & BT), an areathat previously had werecounted in a Portlandpark Therewere 2 reportsof Indigo Elsie Eltzroth (Corvallisarea), beenwanting in crows. May 15 (GL), almostequalling Buntingin Oregon,where rare Darrell Faxon,Dave Fix (DFi), Two Plain Titmice at Table the number of warblers found in spring:a maleat Brookings on AnthonyFloyd, Randy Hill, Glen Rock,Lake, May 15 (SS)extend therethat day.Three days later, the earlydate of May 8 (Colin & WandaHoge, Eugene Hunn, the knownrange in e. Oregon the vireocount had dropped to Dillingham) and a male at Jim Johnson,Stuart Johnston, northabout 70 miles.The phe- 20. The peakwarbler count in MalheurMay 28 (PMu, LW). Patti Jubrias,Bob Kuntz, Nick nomenalBewick's Wren range thesame park was May 11,when Two singing GrasshopperLethaby, Gerard Lillie, Robert expansioninto theinterior con- GL counted 60 Orange- Sparrowsat Baskett Slough Loehning,Donna Lusthoff, Phil unued,in spiteof thesevere win- crowned,200 Yellow-rumped,N.W.R. fromMay 27 on (?BB) Mattocks(Washington), Kathy ter In Oregon,they were found 90 Townsend's,50 Black-throat- werePolk firsts; they breed spo- Merrifield,Craig Miller, Marjorie •n the Tyghvalley, Wasco and ed Gray,and small numbers of radicallyin w. Oregon.Large Moore(Rogue valley), Pat Muller, downstream in the Deschutes Nashville and Hermit warblers. numbersof LarkSparrows, 40+ RogerMuskat, Harry Nehls(w. drmnageto the Columbiadur- Bythe 15th, warbler numbers in per flock,were still migrating Oregon), Vic Nelson, Mike ingMarch (DL, DonPealerson). the parkhad "dropped"to 80 throughs.e. Oregon in the last Patterson,Dennis Paulson,Bob In Washington,a singingbird Yellow-rumped,80 Townsend's,days of May (BT,HN), whichis & GeorgiaRamsey, Tom Rogers presenton ColumbiaN.W.R. 15 Black-throatedGray, 40 verylate. Eleven White-throated (e. Washington),Skip Russell, Mar. 27 (RH) wasassumed to be Wilson's and a small number of Sparrowswere found on the east- Howard Sands, Tim nesting,and two adultswere Orange-crownedand Nashville sideduring May (m.ob.),better Shelmerdine,Dory &Stan Smith feedingthree fledglings at the warblers(GL), andthe totalwar- thanaverage. (Olympic Peninsula),Andy L•ttleSpokane R. NaturalArea bler count was below 100 on the Tricolored Blackbirds contin- Stepnewski,Patrick Sullivan May 18 (JEW).Both of theseare 18th. The numbers on the 1 lth ue to expandin Oregon.The (PtSu), Paul Sullivan, Steve s•gnificantexpansions of breed- and 15th are unprecedentedPortland colony had at leastnine Summers, Otis Swisher, Rob •ng range. migratorycounts for our Region. pairs(fideJG), at least three males Thorn, Carol Vande Voorde Other outstandingwarbler were at Ankeny N.W.R. from (Clarkston area), Rick Vetter, THRUSHES TO counts included 75 Townsend's May 23 throughthe end of the JerryWahl (JWa),Terry Wahl, FINCHES Warblersin onetree in BendMay period(•'BB) for a fitstMarion Washington Department of In general,most locales reported 18 (TC), largenumbers of at record, 60 were near Wamic, Wildlife (W.D.W.), Linda the first Swainson's Thrushes in leastfive species of warblersin Wascoat a new nestingsite Apr. Weiland,Keith & JanWiggers, earlyto mid-May,which is later Ashland,OR, May 18 (OS), 100 27 (DL, DA, PMu, LW) and one Jeff Wisman (JeW), Bob than usual. There were an Orange-crownedWarblers at wasnear Prineville Mar. 16 (TC). Woodley--BILLTWEIT, P.O. unusual number of Townsend's Naches, I•kima, WA May 2 In Washington,the second single Box1271, Olympia, WA 98507, Sohtairesreported from w. (DebieBrown), 400+ Orange- personsight record of this species and JEFF GILLIGAN, 26 N.E. Washington(16) and the crownsat BayoceanSpit, OR, wasnear Othello, Adams May 19 32nd Ave., Portland,OR 97232. ColumbiaBasin (14); theyare May 11 (BB), and 100+ (SJ), there are no confirmed scarcemigrants in both areas. Townsend's and Black-throated recordsfor the state. Rosy Finches

Highlightingthe springseason Asexpected, Murphy's Petrel was departedlate and that spring MIDDLEPACIFIC were heavyrains in "Miracle the mostcommon bird; interest- migrantsarrived about two March."It did notput an end to inginformation was obtained on weeks later than normal. COASTREGION thestate's five-year drought but their timingand distribution. Mentionedby manywere the David G. broughtlocal relief to water- Introduced Red Fox continued exceptional numbers of StephenE Bailey, and relatednesting birds, suchas to ravagewaterbird nesting migrants,especially among war- Bruce E. Deuel waterfowl and Tricolored colonies. More will be said on blersand empids. It waswidely Blackbirds.The Regionlogged this issuenext season. Among feltto be one of their best springs itsgreatest number of hourson landbirds, most observersfelt ever. far-offshorewaters th•s spnng, that many w•ntenng b•rds

Volume 45, Number 3 491 "only"47 (BHi, ?GMcC). A Reyesand El. werelast seen Mar. researchcruise in thisarea May 10 (fideJM) & 28 (fidePP), 16-21 tallied 118 (SFB, P. respectively.Rare but regularin Jones).Decreasing ,counts after spring,a light-belliedBrant was May5 suggestthat the local pop- at BolinasLagoon Mar. 14 ulationpeaks in/late April and (KH). FiveEur. Green-winged earlyMay, con,•ordant with past Teal reportsincluded four c. results(AB 4ff(3):400-415). On coast birds and one at Lower theApril c,•fiise, Murphy's were KlamathN.W.R. Apr. 23 (RE), mostnumerous atthe lower edge wherethey have not been report- of thecontinental slope, but by ed since 1980. Maymost had concentrated over Reportsof hybrid Aythya the middle to lower continental includeda Ring-neckedDuck X slopeat 800-1800 fathoms. scaup sp. from L. Merritt, Cooks Petrels did not follow Alameda, Mar. 20-21 (SGI, theMurphy's up the continental RJR)and a Tufted Duck X scaup slopebut were only found over sp.from the Ceres sewer ponds, verydeep water. Fifteen were 40- SanJoaquin, May 5-6 (B. Lenz, 100 mi off MontereyApr. 8-10 HMR). There is considerable (?DR), five were 75-78 mi s.w. research interest in these of PigeonPt. May 5 (SFB,ph. J. hybrids.Without documenta- O'Brien, m.ob.), and two were tion, however,these records will in the latter area May 11 be of little use to future (?GMcC, RAE, m.ob.). Black- researchers. Of seven Tufted ventedShearwater sightings at Ducksreported around S.E Bay, El. Mar. 1 & 4 were late. three were known to have win- tered;a malewas described from BITTERNSTO Glen Cove, Solano,Mar. 16-22 WATERFOWL (?MBG, DTk, JMR); the other An Am. Bitternat Mono L. Apr. three were undescribed. 28 (HG, PDG) establishedthe Without descriptionsit cannot firstMono Basin spring record. be determinedhow many birds Abbreviations:C.C.R.S. (Coyote Montereyto Mariv6in theirele- wereinvolved. A KingEider was CreekRiparian banding Station, ment.A N. Fulmarin S.E Bayat IntroducedRed Foxes destroyed theentire nesting attempt at San well describedfrom Monterey Santa Clara Co.);C.V. (Central HaywardShor•eline Mar. 23 was Harbor M•r. 18 (?B. Fall). l•lley);D.EG. (Departmentof associatedwith high winds Mateo}Bair I. heronry,prompt- Fish and Game);El. (Southeast (RJR). / inga fewGreat Blue Herons and GreatEgrets, 100 Snowy Egrets, Farallon Islana•; I.C.R. (Inner Murp•)?sPetrel continued to A Mis½ssippiKite was well seen Coast Range); S.E (San and200 Black-crownedNight- maker)kws. A researchcruise Herons to relocate to the at Pir•haclesN.M., San Benito, Francisco);ph.(photo on file with Apr.7•tl 1 logged122 individu- May/12(?H. Peeters).Perhaps RegionalEditors). All records als, including86 in Monterey RedwoodShores sewer ponds from El. and Palomarin should (DSS). Santa Clara'sSnowy the/•amebird was reported 9 waters,one for SantaCruz (both hou/}slater at ShorelinePark, be creditedto PointReyes Bird countyfirsts), and 35 in San Egretx Little BlueHeron was observedpaired to aSnowy Egret SantaClara (?P. Stevens). There Observatory(P.R.B.O.). Mateo(?ph. DR). This cruise areonly 2 acceptedrecords for foundMurphy's Petrel to bethe in the Alvisoberonry May 4 (PJM, MJM). Rare e. of the theRegion, both from autumn. LOONS TO most common bird far offshore. Sierra crest, a Green-backed An imm.Bald Eagle was late at TUBENOSES Three long-daybirding trips Heron was in Sierra Valley, LivermoreMay 28 (ALE). Our most inland Red-throated from Marin to SanMateo May Two large flocks of 3-5 counted from 75 to 171 Plumas,May 22 (LJ, KL, B. Loon wasat WhiskeytownL., Harnack).If acceptedby the Swainsoffs Hawks were seen at Shasta,May 17 (RE). A "huge Murphy'sper day (JM, PP,SFB, C.B.R.C., an ad. Yellow- harvestingoperations: 29 near die-off" of Eared Grebes was ph. m.ob.),but anothertrip on Westley, Stanislaus,Apr. 13 May 11 thatrepeated the route crownedNight-Heron reported notedat MonoL. Apr.27, with from BodegaBay May 4 (?E. (DSg, DL) and 60-70 n. of 354++ carcassesfound (ES). of the highestcount found Hutchinson)would be the first Tracy, San Joaquin,Apr. 20 Excitementwas created by a in theRegion since 1981. Three (DGY, WRH). Theseseem to be LaysanAlbatross on Whiskey- n. coast,2 c. coast,and 10 inland mostlynonbreeders; 80% of the town L. Mar. 15-24 (BVdM, reportsof White-facedIbis were Tracy flock were in imm. m.ob., *H.S.U.). When the car- aboutas manyas in the last2 plumage (DGY). Migrating casson itswas forehead in hand, proved the "wound to be a• springs;numbers were lower, Swainsoffs Hawks strayed with 80 in SierraValley May 26 towardthe coast: singles in Santa neatrectangle ofthick paint that (WEH, SMS, v. Vandermeer) ClaraApr. 9 (PJM)& 29 (SBT) thebird could not have acquired thelargest group reported. werethat county's first in overa accidentally (BY, BED). A TrumpeterSwan on the e. decade;other singleswere in Chances that this bird was hand- shoreof GooseL., Modoc,Apr. MontereyMar. 20 (RFT) and paintedyet wanderedto Shasta 28 (?JCS) was very rare for Apr. 14 (DR, R. Carratello). on its own are virtually nil. spring.An unusualhybrid, "Only a crazy county lister LaysanAlbatross west of Southeast would follow a kettle" of five AnotherLaysan Albatross was FarallonIsland, California, thoughtto bea GreaterWhite- found on Alameda streets on May3,1991. Notethe brown•ck fronted Goose X Brant, was SwainsoffsHawks as they passed AprilFools Day (LRF)and was extendingposteriorly, thus making described from Staten I., San overcorners of Monterey,San taken to rehabilitation. Seven the white rumpinto a "U." Joaquin,Mar. 2 (?DGY).The Benito, Santa Clara, and Santa Laysanswere sightedoffshore Photog•aplVAddanWander. EmperorGeese wintering at Pt. CruzApr. 5 (?KVV)! An ad.

492-American Birds,Fall 1991 Ferruginous Hawk near Sandealingsnear Stratford, nest sitesthis sptingin the Cedarville,Modoc, at leastto Kings,May 25 (DGY,WRH). Mendocinocoast study area. May24 (DSfide JCS, BED, FiveSemipalmated Sandpipers However, only one-thirdof JCS)was in a likely nesting area. werefound, with one at Fall them fledgedyoung (S. TheRegion experienced Empid The firstCalifornia nestings River Mills May 14 (JCS) being Bunnell).The sporadic nesting euphoria thisspring, asmigrant wereconfirmed in 1988 and a Shastafirst. Baird's Sandpipers of Long-earedOwl in the DuskyandGrayfiycatcherswere 1989(AB 44(5):1182). A very wereatRedwood Shores Mar. 30 Regionisalways ofinterest, so foundin recordnumbers (22 lateMerlin May 15, 5 mis. of (RSTh)and Mono L. Apr. 27 & singlebirds just s. of the Carmel and 18, respectively),with Jamestown,Tuolumne, was 28(HG, PDG; two birds). With ValleyatRancho San Cados and Pacific-slopesalsotallying a "harassingbirdsinoaksavanna" few spring records, a Stilt UpperSan Jose Cr., Monterey, hefty total (75 bandedat (DES). Sandpiperat Bird'sLanding Apr. 20 (SAL) in suitable habitat C.C.R,S.),But their noted May1 (RS)was noteworthy. wereduly acknowledged. A movements were pale in com- RAILSTO Short-earedOwl at Mono L. parisonto thoseof Hammond's. SHOREBIRDS LARIDS,ALCIDS Apr.27 (HG,PDG) provided Conservatively, 177 Ham- SingleBlack Rails were found at Wehave few spring records of onlythe 2ndrecent spring mond's were found away from 2newlocations fromthe interior Long-tailed Jaeger, but as boat recordfor the MonoBasin, known breeding grounds Apr. of theSuisun Marsh, Solano, trips beyond the continentalwhere they formerly nested. ,4-May23,0urpdo•highcount May22 & 24 (B. Grewell).slope become regular, soshould Up to 14 courtingLesser was 21 in 1989!The peak period ClapperRails were also noted at thisspecies. Six far offshoreNighthawks in e. Sacramentowas eady May, illustrated bythe 4 newinterior locales inthis Marin May 3(JM, m.ob.) were Apr. 30-May 28(TDM) indi- 4• on Mt. Di•b101 Contra Costa, marshApr. 21-May 24 (B. followedbythree more over the catedhow common they are as •May 3 (RJR/ DSi) and12 at Oak ' GrovePark, Stockton,: May 12 Grewell).ingsalinity Isinthe thisdroughtarea? Out-of-incteas- nextPolar2Skua days at Pioneer(PP,m.ob.). Seamount, AS. C.V.breeders Foralong the the2nde. consecutiveedge ofthe •DGY). C0nsisteni wiihprevi- rangeCom. Moorhens were in San Mateo,May 18 (SFB, P. spring,then. coast experienced a ous .years ' the 'majoritY ' were EurekaMay 19 (MHM) and Jones)was doubly rare; it was delugeofmigratingBlackSwifts,foUndintheDiabl•geofth• nearMono L. Apr. 26-29 (D. bothunseasonal anda light thistime along the Del Norte ],C•IL an• the Delta reg•0• of Parker).A flock of 120 Sandhill morph. coastline,where 670+ were theC,V.• the immediate,coast Cranesatthe Smith R.esmar)5 Five ed. Franklin's Gullsat observedatthe Smith R.estuary ' rep0?ted noa•ti01• iave •h•ee DelNorte, Mar. 16 (B.Fazio) Lower Klamath N.W.R. May 27 May17-18 (ADB). Singles early Hammond'sbetween SanMateo constitutesanunprecedented (BY,CY) matched thelast 2 overAlamo Apr. 13 (JMR) and and giF.,;•ki fi Diislff'at numberforthe n. coast. Anest years' highs atthis 1989 nesting Hayward Shoreline May22 :Pescad•r0'•arsfi •ay 19 foundon Hwy49 w. of site(AB43(5):1363).Fourother(RJR)were casual forthe S.F. ,•RSTh). Wo}thy 6•l•Ot•were SierravilleMay18 (WEH) is adultswere coastal; fiveimma- East Bay, while one over Bolinas S•tter Bt/•{e•'fi}st •Hamm6nd• apparentlyafirst Sierra record. tures werefrom thecoast toS.F. Lagoon May12 (PP) and two Elycatcher{ •ay•1Ci3 Rarelyrecorded in spring, Bay and the Stockton sewage over Inverness May 26 (DaS) fourdominica Lesser Golden- ponds. Aned. Little Gull for- werenoteworthy asthere are sur- •Du•kysln UelPuerto Canyon Ploverswere at Bird'sLanding, aged atRavenswood, SanMateo, prisingly few Marinspring Apr. 30 (JMR),and atthe Mapes Solano,May1 (RS).A SnowyMar. 31 (*PJM). Amigration of records. Oneover Lodi k May: R-•anch,;•ay f (SBT), •a :first,Grays for,the'Sutter Bhttes ValleyPloverMayat Big 11L (RE) in providedFall River a 80MontereyHerring Apr. Gulls8 (DR)far madeoffshore this records17(DGY) for the wasn. C.V.one The ofrains few Ap•:27(PB•i•dNapaa• firstShasta record. Mountain species the2nd most common in"Miracle March" were felt to o• Recio••nyo• M•y 3 Ploversinvaded Solano, where species in that zoneafter beresponsible for20+ White- (?MBG). about300 were seen near Hwy Murphy'sPetrel two speciesthroated Swifts found dying at 113between Fairfield and Rio thatare not numerically domi- nestsites at StanfordUniversity Vista Mar. 11-20 (m.ob.). nant in the restof California. (C. Dawson).Fortunately most SolitarySandpipers were noted Thirteenimm. Glaucous Gulls wererehabilitated. "late migration"of landbirds in slightlyabove average num- lingeredinto spring, and a rare With thecontinuous moni- notedby many observers. bers,with18 coastal reports Apr. adu/twas at AlvisoApr. 18 toting of numerousBlack- TheC.V.floor in SanJoaquin 13-May12 and inland birds at (PJM).An imm.Black-legged chinned Hummingbirdsat andStanislaus does not normally Bend,•hama, Apr. 16 (•BAP), Kittiwakeat SunnyvaleApr. 8 C.C.R.S. since 1988 (AB experienceastrong movement of SierraValley Apr. 28 (•LJ,•KL, (PJM)was Santa Clara}3rd. 43:163),it wasnot too surpris- Violet-greenSwallow in spring •M. McCormick)(a Plumas AnElegant Tern at the Pajaro ingthat Santa Clara's first nests but reportedgood numbers first),and Fall RiverMills, R. mouthApr. 12 (CKf) was since1907 were found May 5 & throughoutMarch (DGY, Shasta,May 1-2 (JCS). early,but nothinglike the spring 12 (MJM). A 9 Anna's HMR). A pairof Red-breasted Whimbrelswere widespread and invasionsof 1987and 1988. A Hummingbirdat Tom'sPlace Nuthatchesexcavating a hole in numerousinland, establishing a BlackTern was coastal atBolinas May 21-22 (CDHa) wasthe a nectarinetree in earlyApril in firstShasta record with a lone LagoonApr. 29 (KH).Around Mono Basins2nd in spring. n. Stocktonfledged young by birdin FallRiver Valley May 11 S.EBay, two were at Alviso May Among extralimitalCostas mid-June(B. & M. Genetti). (RE). FiveMarbled Godwits, 4 (PJM,MJM) andup to 13 Hummingbirds,three coastally This established only the 2nd extremelyrare transientsin wereat Hayward Shoreline May Mar.8-Apr. 13 were typical, but nestingfor the C.V. The first was Mono,were at Alkali Lakes Apr. 5-15 (RJR,JMR). As now oneat Trimmer Ranger Station, in Fresno, 1978. Pygmy 25 (ES), while 121 on Lower expected,all 5 boattrips far off- Fresno,Apr. 12 (DN) wasone of Nuthatchmade natal news in KlamathN.W.R. Apr. 27 (RE) shorein May foundHorned fewspring Sierran records. theS.E East Bay: Alameda's 2nd were exceptionalnumbers Puffins,three to 15 birdsper nestingwas at JoaquinMiller inland.Other "coastal" shore- trip. FLYCATCHERS Park,Oakland, Apr. 9-Mar. 31 birdsinland included a Ruddy TOWRENS (RJR);Contra Costas 3rd was at Turnstoneat LowerKlamath OWLSTO The first arrivaldate for W. RedwoodRegional Park Apr. 2 N.W.R.May 19 (RE);a Ruddy HUMMINGBIRDS Wood-Peweewas Apr. 30, the (RJR,GFi, KGH). The Winter Turnstoneand a RedKnot there CaliforniaD.EG.'sSpotted Owl bird'slatest first arrival in 13 Wrenat MonoL. May26 (M. May 23 (JCS); and three censusfound an impressive 102 years.This mayrepresent the Findling)was exceptionallylate.

Volume 45, Number 3- 493 THRUSHESTO Apr. 10-May 25 were spnng of Gait Apr. 18 and at Rancho CitedContributors: (Subregional WOOD WARBLERS migrants.Our usualquota of SecoPark May 12 (bothTDM) editorsin boldface.)Many more Nearlyall our April Swainson'sSeiurus was fulfilled by an were the 7th and 8th recent contributorswere not specifically Thrush records are from the Ovenbirdat PalomarinMay 22 records for the greater cited;all areappreciated. Brooks coast;one along Patterson Pass andsingle N. Waterthrushesat Sacramentoarea (TDM). B.Allen, Walt Anderson, Stephen Road,Alameda, Apr. 13 (RJR, R. the n. spit of HumboldtBay Breedingbird atlassingat E Bailey,Alan D. Barron,Dennis Cimino)was very early for the May 22 (BA) andEl. May 23. A ShermanIsland W.M.A. pro- Beall (DnB), W'dliam G. interior. Over 30 Swainson's at KentuckyWarbler at LeeVining duceda SavannahSparrow Apr. Bousman, California B•rds Oak GroveRegional Park, San May 27-28 (?M. Findling,S. 27 (?TDM) thatstrongly resem- RecordsCommittee (C.B.R.C), Joaquin,May 8 (WRH) on an Miller)was only the 2nd for the bled the resident coastal form, Steve Cardwell (SCa), David overcastmorning showed their interiorin spring. never recorded in Sacramento.A DeSante (DDeS), Bruce E regularityin theC.V. when con- singingGrasshopper Sparrow Deuel,Arthur L. Edwards,Ray ditions are right. A Varied TANAGERSTO justs. of Jamestown,Tuolumne, Ekstrom,Bruce G. Elliot, Richard Thrushat Mt. DiabloMay 28 FINCHES May 16 (DES) hadlittle prece- A. Erickson, Carter L. Faust, (KGH) wasexceptionally late, The d' SummerTanager in dent from this area. Their status LeoraR. Feene)½Mike Feighner especiallyinland. The Brown OaklandMar. l 1-Apr. 5 (N. in the Sierranfoothills is very (MiF), GeorgeFinger (GFi), Ron Thrasher s. of lower Carmel Dutcher,MFi, ?HG) likelywin- poorly understood.A Swamp H. Gerstenberg,Steve Glover, ValleyMay 5 (SAL,E Williams) tered.Despite W. Tanagerbeing Sparrows. of Tracy,San Joaquin, Helen Green, Paul D. Green, was only the Region's4th in a commonmigrant throughout Apr. 20 (RJR)was probably a MargueriteB. Gross, Kmth May. A singing Le Conte's mostof theRegion, it issurpris- genuine spring migrant, very Hansen,Charlotte D. Harbeson Thrasherwas again seen in the inglyrare along the S.E East Bay rareaway from EI. An apparent (CDHa), W. EdwardHarper, KettlemanHills, Fresno, May 12 coast:one at HaywardShoreline White-crowned X White- KevinG. Hinsta,Bob Hirt (BH0, (DR, R. Canatello).Our onlyN. May 4 was"one of fewrecords" throatedsparrow that wintered Waldo R. Holt, Humboldt State Shrike away from traditional (RJR);three in anAlameda yard in SacramentoDec. 28-Apr. 8 University(H.S.U.), Joan M locales was an adult w. of May 3-24 werethe first since (?TDM, AM) was bandedand Humphrey0MHu), LinJensen, Delevan N.W.R., Colusa,Mar. 1977 (P. Donato), and none well studied.Among winter's RobertJ. Keiffer,Clay Kempf 18 (•'GFi, KGH). For the 2nd werecaught at C.C.R.S.Rose- rarejuncos, the assumed winter- (CICO,Jeff Kingery (JKi), Karen consecutivespring, a Yellow- breastedGrosbeaks ing "Gray-headed",'at Tom's Laslo,Stephen A. Laymon,Robin throated Vireo was found on the Woodside, San Mateo, Ma•7 Place,Mono, was las• seen Mar. 9 L.C. Leong,Ronald LeValley c. coast:Inverness May 26-June 31-Apr. 5 (B. Bessey,AdW) and (CDHa); the "White-winged"(RLeV), Donna Lion, Michael J 3 (?DDeS, RS). Redwood Valley, Mendocino, Juncoin San,l•ifael departed on Mammoser, Annette Manohs, A Virginia'sWarbler was Apr. 16 (E & S. Baldwin)were a stormylvfiar. 23 (CLF).A Timothy D. Manolis, Guy unexpectedin the Kettleman probablychecking out from a LaplandL?ngspur at Point St. McCaskie (GMcC), Peter J. Hills May 12 (?DR, R. localwinter visit, while a male in Georgef•lay 17 0Ki, ABD) Metropulos,Joseph Morlan, Canatello);all previousspring LeeVining May 30-31 (JMHu, became/theRegion's latest by a Michael H. Morris, Dan Nelson, records were either from EI. or M. Findling)wore the vagrant day,though there are question- BarbaraPeck, Peter Pyle, Harold the e. side of the Sierra. Another labelßFor the 2nd year in a row, able birds in June and July. M. Reeve,Jean M. Richmond, onEI. May 29-30 playeda more an extremely early Blue Singlesat RedwoodShores Apr. RobertJ. Richmond,Michael E traditional role. A d' N. Parula at Grosbeak was at San Luis 5-9 (RSTh et al.) and Robbins (MFRb), Don SweetwaterCr., El Dorado,May N.W.R.Apr. 7 (JMR).A female MendocinoHeadlands Apr. 29 Roberson, Ruth A. Rudesfil, 11 (SMS,VLV, WEH) wasvery returnedto Monterey's newly dis- (SCa) were additionalnotewor- Peter B. Sands, Donald E rare for the Sierran foothills, coverednesting site in theupper thymigrants. Schmoldt,Susan M. Scott,David whilesingle males at S.E May 21 SalinasValley Apr. 14 (DR, The rains of"Miracle March" Shuford,David Sibley(DaS), (D. Kelly),Olema May 26-30 BGE). Blue Grosbeakwas sus- werefelt to beresponsible for a Dianne Sierra (DSi), Daniel (DaS, m.ob.), and Stinson pectedof breedingin Shastafor. new colonyof 50+ Tricolored Singer (DSg), Rich Stallcup, Gulch, Marin, May 30 (DaS) the 2nd straightspring, as Blackbirds in Pancho Rico Donald S. Starks, John C were at more expectedsitesß Reddinghad a pairMay 15(BY) Canyon, Monterey,May 18 Sterling,Bradley M. Stovall, Townsend'sWarbler epitomized anda persistentlysinging male (DR). But the overalldrought Emilie Strauss, David L the impressivewarbler waves in May 16 (RE). The bird's n. conditions seemed ripg for Suddjian (DLSu), David theI.C.R. and C.V. in earlyMay, breedingfrontier in theC.V. has Brown-headedCowbiMs, as Takeuchi(DTk), ScottB. Terrill, illustratedby 250 onMt. Diablo generallybeen Glenn and Butteß 1000+in. the 1owlan .Sb). of Del RonaldS. Thorn (RSTh), Robert May 3 (R. Cimino),65+ in the A Lazuli Bunting in Sonoma Nor?•pp•.27(ADB• hd•l little E Tinde, Kent Van Vuren, Bill SutterButtes May 4 (PBS),and Apr. 5 (K. Nagel)was almost p•c/edentthis late j/nto the sea• Von der Mehden (BVdM), %on. A d' Scott's Oriole in Sar• 60 alongthe StanislausR. at recordearly. ß / AdrianWander (AdW), Jerry R. Ripon, San Joaquin,May 6 MountDiablo served up sin- AntonioValleys/ Santa Clar• White,David G. Yee, Bob Yutzy, (DGY, WRH). Singlecoastal gle Green-tailedTowhees May Apr.20 (?H. •a. rr, C. MorrO) Carol Yutzy.-•STEPHEN E PalmWarblers at McKinleyville 14-19 (KGH, E. Burhmann)& • theRegio/{'s 10th. Our •nly BAILEY (loous through May 7 (RLeV) and aboarda 26 (D. Wight);they are rarely extra"llm•assin's-Finch was a tubenoses,raptors, larids, and researchboat in MontereyBay detectedin migration.The win- malee. of •t. Ross,Mendocino, aidds), Dept. of Ornithology June 3 (?D. Hunt) were fewer teringClay-colored Sparrow at and Mammaiogy, Calif. thanin pastsprings; one inland Half Moon Baylingered until Mar.31(I•nB). Academyof Sdences,Golden in the KillgoreHills May 12 Apr.28 (G. Deghi),and one of Addendnm-'Concerning the Gate Park, San Francisco,CA (?RE)was Siskiyou's first. Rare in the winteringbirds at Pine SpottedOwls nestingin 2nd- 94118; BRUCE E. DEUEL (bit- spring,Blackpoll Warblers were GulchCr., Marin, remarkably, growthforests mentioned in AB terns throughwaterfowl, rails at Pt. ReyesMay 16(D. Wallace) remaineduntil May 28 (DaS). 45:317, it should be noted that throughshorebirds), 18730 Hve andEl. May 19 & 21-23. Coastally, Brewer'sSparrow thesenestings occurred where Oak Rd., Red Bluff, CA 96080; The Black-and-white madeits bestspring showing the2nd-growth forests were very DAVID G. YEE (owlsthrough Warbler at Arcata Bottoms Mar. ever, with four at EI. Apr. similarto ancientforests; e.g., finches), 2930 Driftwood Pl, 2 (R. Hewitt)certainly wintered, 22-June6 andtwo along the n. where there was at least a 60% #39, Stockton,CA 95219. while three other n coastalbirds coastMay 13-19 Singlebirds e canopy

494 ßAmerican B•rds,Fall 1991 SOUTHERN PACIFICCOAST REGION GuyMcCaskie '" 'Furnace .-•:

Heavyrains in Marchbrought ß Morro Bay much needed water to the CALIFORNIA Oceano Region,giving us a fantastic show of wildflowers in the desert ß Santa Maria ßBakersfield ßHarperDry Lake ßKelso throughoutmost of April and Mayand replacing water in reser- voirs. In general,temperatures were cooler than normal, with strongwinds prevailing over the ß MorongoValley deserts much of the time. Migrantlandbirds were consid- ered later than usual, and in Huntington'Beach -•%•.'•..•: • BytI he, much lower than normal num- bersin desertportions of the Region.Along the coast,most observersfelt that the procession SanDiego• -•: of fronts that moved down the coastfrom Alaska during March delayedmigrants; but thiswas (CMcG) was away from any HERONSTO Apr. 13-May 11 (REW) was followedby an impressiveinflux knownwintering locality and FALCONS exceptionallylate. The two of birds in early April, with was considereda migrant.A A LeastBittern on Vandenberg HarlequinDucks found around observers in Santa Barbara and Red-neckedGrebe seen in flight A. EB., Santa Barbara,was in an Point Mugu, l•ntura, in San Luis Obispocounties con- 8 mi off VenturaMar. 9 (PP)was area where few are found. The November and December were sideringthe number of migrants s. of the species'normal winter two Tricolored Herons that stillpresent June 2 (FH) andcan inApril the largest in memory. range. spent the winter around the beexpected to spendthe summer Close to 40 Laysan mouthof the TijuanaR. near locally.Single Oldsquaws along Abbreviations: C.L.N.W.C. Albatrosseswere seenfrom 50 to ImperialBeach were last seen thecoast on VandenbergA.EB. (China Lake Naval Mapons 200 mi off the s. California coast Apr. 18 (PG); the subadultpre- May 3 (MMcE) and at Point Center,extreme n.e. Kern Co.); duringa scientificsurvey cruise sent near the mouth of the San MuguMay 12 (DD) werelate; E.A.E B. (EdwardsAir ForceBase, conductedby the Scripps DiegoR. waslast seen Apr. 20 one at S.E.S.S.Apr. 30 (WRR) s.e. Kern Co.); EC.R. (Furnace Institute of Oceanography(BP). An ad. ReddishEgret, a wasinland, where it isvery rare. CreekRanch, Death l•11e3 Inyo betweenFeb. 28 andMar. 8 (PP), rare visitor to s. California, was TwoBlack Scoters still present at Co.);H.D.L. (HarperDry Lake, includingfour extremely close to photographedon San Elijo Point Mugu June2 (FH) are n.w.of Barstow,San Bernardino San Nicolas I. that appeared tobe Lagoonnear Solana Beach, San undoubtedlyattempting to Co.);N.E.S.S. (north end of the attracted to the island. This Diego,May 19 (RP). spendthe summerlocally. The Salton Sea, Riverside Co.); specieshas recentlycolonized As usual, a number of Brant onlyreports of SurfScotersfrom S.B.C.M. (San Bernardino islandsoff BajaCalifornia, so passedthrough the s.e.portion the interior were from the Salton CountyMuseum); S,E.S.S. (south attempted nesting on San of theRegion during April and Sea,with one at SaltonCity Mar. endof theSalton Sea, Imperial Nicolas I. shouldbe looked for in Mayas the population wintering 17 (MAP),two at N.E.S.S.Apr. Co,).As virtually all raritiesin s. the future.A LaysanAlbatross within the Gulf of California 3 (RMcK), and another there Californiaare seenby many thathit a powerline at S.E.S.S. moved northward to the Pacific May 18 (REW). A White- observers,only the observerini- May 9 (WRR, *S.B.C.M.) was Coaston its way to breeding wingedScorer at EC.R. Mar.27 tially identifyingthe bird is the 7th found inland in s.e. groundsin theArctic. One seen (SEF) was at a most unusual included. Documentation is on California and s.w. Arizona. walkingdown a highwayduring locality;two at N.E.S.S.Apr. 13 file with the California Bird Thesebirds reach this area by way a snowstorm in the SanJacinto throughthe end of the period Records Committee (c/o of the Gulf of California. Three Mrs., Riverside, Mar. 16 (RMclO were the only others Michael A. Patten, EO. Box Cook• Petrelsabout 150 nautical (RMcK), eightnear Temecula, found inland. A 9 Hooded 8612, Riverside,CA 92515) for mi s.w. of San Nicolas I. Feb. 28 Riverside,Mar. 24 (SM), andfive Merganserat EC.R. Mar. 27 all raritieslisted in thisreport. (PP)were over deep waters where on L. Perris, Riverside,Mar. 25 throughat leastJune 1 (PEL) Records submitted without doc- thisspecies occurs regularly. (CMcG) were the earliest;four appeareddestined to spendthe umentationare not published. An ad.Red-billed Tropicbird on Soda L. in the Carrizo Plains summerat this locality. seen on the water 79 nautical mi Apr. 13 (JIO, up to five at Single Black-shouldered LOONS TO s.w.of SanNicolas I. Mar.3 (PP) H.D.L. Mar. 28-Apr. 10 (EAC), Kites around S.E.S.S. Mar. 4 PELICANS is one of a very few found in 25 on E.A.EB. May 11 (MTH), (WRR) and May 4 (GMcC) A PacificLoon flying N overthe California waters this time of and five photographedon were in an area where considered SaltonSea at SaltonCity June 2 year.Three Brown Pelicansat KlondikeL. nearBig Pine, Inyo, rare. One near Cantil in the (REW) wasinland, whererare. A N.E.S.S. May 11 (REW) were May 2 (EG) wereall outsidethe FremontValley of extremee. Horned Grebe in Victorville, the firstreported on the Salton areaofexpecred occurrence. KernMay 11 (MOC) wasfar out San Bernardino,Apr. 13-14 Seathis year. A Eur. Wigeon at S.E.S.S. onthe high desert, and one n. of

Volume 45, Number 3- 495 BlytheMay 27 (AME)is among Whimbrelclearly move N from Mar. 31 (BHi). A flock of 450 Parakeet•uklets at 32ø01'N fewerthan ten ever found along the Gulf of California to the StiltSandpipers at S.E.S.S. May 120ø45')•V(95 nauticalm• the Colorado R. A N. Goshawk CentralValley each spring, pass- 11 (REW) wasthe largest num- WSW/6f•SanNicolas I.) Mar 3 m the LockwoodValley of ing throughthe Salton Sea and ber found on the Salton Sea this (PP) and another at 32ø27'N IOntufaMay 24 (RJM)was close n.e. LosAnOdes, indicated by spring; two near Lakeview, 121ø27'W(98 nauticalmi W of to a known nest site. A subad. such counts as 1500+ at S.E.S.S. Riverside,May 4 (WM) werethe San Nicolas I.) Mar. 6 (PP), Broad-wingedHawk at EC.R. May 4 (GMcC), 1000+ near only onesreported away from thesebeing the first healthy birds May 23 (T & JH) wasone of LancasterMay 5 (MTH), and the Salton Sea. A 9 Ruff at reportedin s.California waters veryfew foundin Californiain 440 in BakersfieldApr. 28 C.L.N.W.C. May 11 (MTH) is Like the Horned Puffin, th•s spring. Swainsods Hawks (MOC). However,they are very the first found inland in s. speciesmay prove a regularwin- appearedmore numerousand rarealong the e. sideof theSierra Californiain spring. tervisitor to thedeep waters far widespreadthan usual.More Nevada;hence, the 14 nearBig Two S. Polar Skuas were seen off the coast of California out to than130 were reported through- PineMay 9 (T &JH) wereunex- between San Nicolas I. and San theCentral Pacific (both species out the Region,including at pected. Clemente I. May 28 have reached the area of the n w leastsix alongthe immediate Ruddy Turnstones were (McCesney);small numbers reg- HawaiianIs.). A Tufted Puffin, coast. The earliest were four over found on the Salton Seabetween ularly visit the watersoff s. veryrare in s. Californiawaters, SantaPaula Mar. 5 (KK) andone Apr. 13 andMay 19,with more Californiathis time of year.A was seen near the s. end of Santa over Encino Mar. 6 (JLD); 75 than200 found at various points LaughingGull at S.E.S.S.Apr. 7 RosaI. May 22 (BB). (virtuallyall sub-adultbirds) at aroundthe Sea May 10-11 (BL) wasearly. Franklin's Gulls Oasis, Mono, June 1 (GMcC) (REW,RMcK). Awayfrom the appearedmore numerousand PIGEONSTO wasby far the largestflock. A Salton Sea, one was on E.A.EB. widespreadthan normal,with VIREOS pair of Zone-tailedHawks was May4 (DVB),and five were near about60 reportedbetween Apr. SingleBand-tailed Pigeons at againpresent at theknown nest Lost Hills, Kern, May 10 11 andJune 8. Most werein the PanamintSprings, Inyo, May 5 siteon Hot SpringsMt. in e. San (GMcC). A Black Turnstone, e. portion of the Region,as (T & JH) & 27 (BED), and DiegoMay 5 (DA). A Golden veryrare to casualinland, was at expected,including one pho- another at Galileo Hill, Kern, Eagle near Niland May 22 N.E.S.S. June 2 (REW). A tographedin VictorvilleApr. May 9 (MTH), wereall far out (DRW) wasone of veryfew ever Surfbird,also very rare to casual 11-14 (NZ) and 12 togetherat on the desert, where most found in the area of the S.E.S.S. inland, was photographedat N.E.S.S. June 2-8 (REW). unusual. One on Pt. Loma m A PeregrineFalcon near Bishop, SaltonCity Apr. 20 (MAP). As Threein SantaBarbara May 23 SanDiego May 29 (REW)was Inyo,May 9 (T & JH) wasin an usual,Red Knots passed through (CB) werethe onlyones found on the s. coast,where it is rare A areawhere very few havebeen the SaltonSea in April,with at on the coast. A somewhat late SpottedDove in LosOsos May 1 reported. least300 countedthere Apr. 21 Glaucous Gull at the Santa Ynez (BM) is the first of this intro- (GMcC); however, one near R. mouth,Santa Barbara, Apr. ducedspecies to reachSan Luts CRANESTO LancasterApr. 21 (KLG)was the 2-6 (BHi) wasfollowed by an Obispo.Reports of White- PUFFINS only one reportedinland away even later individual in Oceano wingedDoves w. of themoun- A Sandhill Crane at Tinnemaha from the Salton Sea. Two May 22 (TME) andwhat may tainsincluded single birds on Pt Res.in theOwens Valley Apr. 14 Sanderlingswere at H.D.L. May have been the same bird in San Lomain SanDiego Mar. 17-21 (T & JH) was the latestever 9 (EAC);single birds were near Simeon June 12 (TME). (BF1),another there May 16 found in s. California and one of LancasterMay 5 and 18 Remarkable was a flock of 24 (REW), and one in Escondido, a veryfew found in thisarea of (MTH); at least20 werepresent Sabine'sGulls at N.E.S.S.May SanDiego, May 29 (JMcN);one the state. At least 10 Black-bel- on E.A.EB.May 9-11 (MTH), 18 (REW), this speciesbeing near Weldon, Kern, May 25 lied Ploverswere found during with one more there May 25 veryrare inland and •n•rmally (SAL) was n.w. of this species' April in the n.e. portionof the (MTH); three were together occurringsingly. r///• '•,• normalrange. An IncaDove 40 Region,where rare, including nearLost Hills May 12 (GMcC), A Gull-billed Tern 6fi i. Sift mi w. of NeedlesApr. 6 (BL)was oneat EC.R.Apr. 17 (T &JH). and anotherwas near Big Pine DiegoBay Apr. 5 (EC)was ,ti•e at anunusual locality. A Yellow- The onlyLesser Golden-Plovers May 19 (T &JH), thisbeing far earliestfound this spring art,'khis billled Cuckoo at Butterbredt reportedwere,afulva near Santa more than usual to be found recentlyestablished nesugg s•te Springsn.w. of Cantil May 26 MariaApr. }•-May 5 (KH),an inlandaway from the Salton Sea. onthe coast. A Sandwi3,'hTern (AC)was clearly a migrantand exceptionallylatefulva at the At least 10 Semipalmatedwith a flockof EleganFTerns on theonly such bird reported th•s nearbySjtnta Maria R. mouth Sandpiperswere found on the Malibu Lagoon,I,/s Angeles,spring. June1 (•DF),and 12 wintering Salton Sea between May 4 & 19 May20 (BE)was qnly the 2nd A Flammulated Owl on the fulvast}!l present in SealBeach (MAP, GMcC), with a high found in California. Two Corn. tip of Pt. Loma in SanDiego May5 qSM).Most unusual was a countof fiveat S.E.S.S.May 11 Terns in San Diego Mar. 21 May 30-31 (REW) wasthe first Wilso•s"Plover at the mouth of (REW); singlebirds were on (GMcC) were suspectedearly found on the immediate coast of the q7ijuanaR. nearImperial E.A.EB.Apr. 27 (MTH) andat springmigrants since none were California in spring. Two Beacl•Apr. 9 (DP-C), there C.L.N.W.C. May 26 (MTH); presentduring the winterand ChimneySwifts over San Ehjo being only four previouslyand two more were on the coast others have been found here this LagoonMay 21 (REW)were the acce13tedrecords for California. in GoletaMay 7-9 (PEL)',this sametime in previousyears. One onlyones reported this spring More than the expecteric';being slightly more th an expect- onE.A.EB. May 18 (MTH) was Largenumbers of Vaux'sSwifts numberof SolitarySandpiper• '•'d in spring. •zl one of very few foundinland movedN alongthe coast,as werereported, with 13 in the e. A brightlyco/l•red Little awayfrom the SaltonSea in indicatedby 10,000roosting on portion of the Region and Stint,photograp•/ed at S.E.S.S. spring.A LeastTern at Dirty a buildingshaft in downtown anothernine alongthe coast. May 18 (REW])',was the 5th SockSpring on Owens L. June4 LosAngeles Apr. 25 (KLG). One in Torrance,Los Angeles, reportedin C•l•ifornia since the (T &JH) wasfar inland, where it A • Broad-billed Hum- Apr.4 (MB) wasthe earliest, and first was identified in 1983, and is considered casual to acciden- mingbird,a veryrare to casual one near Independence,Inyu, is thefirst for spring.A Baird's tal,but is the 6th found in Inyo. stragglerto California,was near May 10 (AK) wasthe latest.A Sandpiper,rare in spring,was A BlackTern in SanDiego Apr. ImperialBeach May 4 (BHa) A Wandering Tattler, casual photographednear Big Pine 26-27 (JB)was along the coast, 9 Anna's Hummingbirdat inland,was at SaltonCity May Mar. 22 (T & JH), and another whererare in spring. Scotty'sCastle in DeathValley 11 (CMcG) Largenumbers of was at the Santa Ynez R mouth Of extreme interest were two Nat Mon May 18 (MAP)is one

496. AmericanB•rds, Fall 1991 of very few everfound in this (BO'C)had probably spent the and May 18 (JM) alongthe tlonof theRegion between May area of California. A number of winter locally. One pho- coast. A Chestnut-sided Warbler 5 and30 andtwo togetherin observersfelt migrant that tographedat EC.R. May 23 nearWeldon June 1 (MTH) was HuntingtonBeach May 5 (WG) CalliopeHummingbirds were (BHe) andanother on Pt. Bucon the only one reported.Single werethe only spring vagrants of morenumerous than usual along June 10 (TT) occurredat the MagnoliaWarblers were found thisspecies found this year. the coast,this being supported time of the year that spring nearOasis May 30 (T & JH), at A c3 KentuckyWarbler at by the morethan 25 reported vagrantsof this speciesare EC.R. May 27 (GMcC), near Scotty'sCastle May 31-June1 therebetween Mar. 18 andMay expected.A Purple Martin near Weldon June 1 (DS), at (T & JH) wasthe 4th foundin 5 A c3Broad-tailed Hum-ming- Niland May 21 (DRW) was ButterbredtSprings June 1 OF) Inyo.A MacGillivray'sWarbler birdnear Big Pine, Inyo, Apr. 22 obviouslya migrant, and in an andJune 8 (MTH) in theinteri- in CaliforniaCity, Kern, Apr. 1 (T & JH) wasfollowed by eight area where few are found nowa- or,and in LosOsos June 2 (JSR) (JLD)was somewhat early, par- in thisgeneral area during May, days. on the coast.One in Cuymaca ticularlyso on the high desert. A givingan indicationas to when A Gray Catbird, a casual State Park in the mountains ofe. somewhatearly c3 Hooded thisspecies arrives on breeding stragglerto California,was near SanDiego June 8 (JW) wasat an Warblerwas photographed at grounds in this area of ButterbredtSprings June 1 unexpectedlocality for a Corn Springs near Desert California. An Acorn Wood- (DVB). Two SageThrashers at vagrant. Center,Riverside, Apr. 22 (HC), peckerin Sand Canyonnear S.E.S.S.Mar. 1 (WRR), 22 near TheCape May Warbler win- a femalewas at Agua Caliente in Inyokern,Kern, Apr. 20 (JCW) LakeviewMar. 10 (VH), and teringin CostaMesa remained e. SanDiego Apr. 30-May 1 (D wasa longway from any known anotherin LompocMar. 8-9 throughApr. 18 (RAH). A c3 & MH), and a male was in areaof regularoccurrence. A (PR)were deafly migrants, this Black-throated Blue Warbler Mojave May 12-13 (MTH), Red-napedSapsucker at Scotty's being the time of year this nearWeldon June 9 (SAL)is one thisbeing an average number for Castle in Death Valley Nat. species passes through s. of very few ever found in thistime of the year.A Painted Mon. May 31 (T & JH) was California. A Brown Thrasher, California in spring. A Redstart photographedin mostunusual considering the muchrarer in springthan in fall, Townsend'sWarbler in the Piute MorongoValley Apr. 7 (MAP) date. wasphotographed near Scotty's Mrs. of KernJune 8 (MOC) and occurredat thetime of yearoth- The GreaterPewee spending CastleMay 25 (MAP).A territo- another in Montana de Oro ers have been found at similar its3rd winter in SanDiego was rial CaliforniaThrasher pho- State Park June 9 (JSR) were desertoases in e. California. last seenMar. 29 (PG). A W. tographedin SandCanyon at both exceptionallylate. A Wood-Peweenear S.E.S.S. Apr. the s.e. cornerof Inyoduring singing c3 Blackburnian TANAGERSTO 7 (JLD) and another in Apriland May (T & JH) wasat Warblernear Weldon May 31 FINCHES AtascaderoApr. 8 (KZ) were the w. extremeof this species' (SAL)is only the 4th foundin s. A •? HepaticTanager in Santa unusually early. A Least range.An Am. Pipit in Baker Californiain springand is an Ana May 28-31 (DRW) is the Flycatcher,most unusual in May 25 (MAP) wasquite late. A addition to the Kern bird list. A first foundalong the coastin •spnng,was at the end of the Bell'sVireo at EC.R. June 1 Palm Warbler in Santa Barbara spring. Reports of Summer SalineValley, Inyo, May 26 (MAP) is the first found in this Apr. 24 (CL), onein Anaheim Tanagersaway from known nest- (DR). SinceDusky Flycatchers area of Californiain nearly15 Mar. 5-7 (JPi), and anotherin ing localities included one are rare alongthe immediate years;another near Lompoc May SanDiego Apr. 24 (DRW) may inlandat Agua Caliente in e. San coast (Pacific-slope and 16-June1 (PEL)was away from all havebeen wintering nearby, DiegoMay 20 (DA), twomore at Hammond'sflycatchers are the anyknown area of regularoccur- springvagrants being exception- Scotty'sCastle May 23-June1 two Empidonax commonly rence.A Red-eyedVireo, a casu- allyrare and not expected before (T & JH), andseven along the foundalong the coastin April al straggler,was at DeepSprings late May. A c3 Blackpoll coastbetween May 11 andJune andMay), oneon Pt. Lomain May 30 (PEL). Warbler,very rare in spring,was 2. Thisis far fewer than expect- San DiegoApr. 28 (DP) and in SolanaBeach, San Diego, May ed;these birds invariably prove anotherin HuntingtonBeach WOOD WARBLERS 18-21 (PG). to be of the nominate race ruber May 5 (LRH) are of interest. A c• Golden-wingedWarbler A Black-and-white Warbler whencritically examined. Rose- More than the usual number of alongKeys Creek in theinterior onPt. LomaApr. 20 (REW)was breasted Grosbeaks were much VermilionFlycatchers were scat- of SanDiego May 22 (EL)was at a littleearly for a springvagrant scarcerthan normal, with only teredthroughout the n.e. por- anunexpected locality for such a but was followedby only 11 sixreported between May 9 and non of the Region,with single rare vagrant. Seventeen morescattered throughout the June 11. Only five Indigo birdsin Ridgecrest,Kern, Apr. Tennessee Warblers between Regionbetween Apr. 28 and Buntingswere reported,far 16-18 (TS), at Panamint Apr.20 andJune 9 werefewer June4. Only 12 Am. Redstarts fewerthan in recentyears. A c3 SpringsMay 5 (T & JH), than expected.A Virginias werereported from the e. por- Dickcisselphotographed at StovepipeWells in DeathValley Warbler in Nipton, San tionof theRegion between May EC.R. May 25-26 (DH) is one Nat. Mon. May 27 (BED), Bernardino,May 5 (MAP), and 9 and June 8, far fewer than ofa very few found in spring. Scotty'sCasde May 31-June1 fivemore at oasesin Inyoduring expected.One in Carpinteria A Clay-coloredSparrow, (T &JH), andat DeepSprings, May (T & JH) weremigrants Apr. 13-May 3 (SM) mayhave mostunusual as a spring vagrant, Inyo,June 1 (MAP). A Brown- away from known breeding winterednearby, leaving three was in Irvine May 5 (SM). A crestedFlycatcher on Pt. Loma localities.A Lucy'sWarbler at foundalong the coastbetween SwampSparrow in MojaveMay in SanDiego June 9 (REW) is C.L.N.W.C. May 18 (ST) is the May 23 andJune 12 asthe only 9-11 (MTH) wasa latespring onlythe 3rd ever reported along firstfound in Kern.The only N. migrantsthere this year. Eight vagrant.White-throated Spar- the coast and the first for San Parulasreported were single Ovenbirdsin then.e. portion of rowswere scattered throughout Dtego.The only E. Kingbirds birdsinland near Cantil May 16 theRegion between May 16and theRegion into April, with six in foundwere one in thee. portion (MTH) andnear Weldon June 6 June 2 were a little more than e. Kernbetween May 4 and 16 of theRegion at GalileoHill in (MJF), and at Montanade Oro expected;three more were found (MTH), onein RiversideMay extremee. Kern May 27-29 S.P.Apr. 30 (JSR),Vandenberg along the coast between May 6 18-19 (CMcG), and another (MS) andanother on thecoast at A.EB. May 25-28 (KH), Goleta and June 2, where they are nearOasis May 25 (DN) thelat- Pt Buchon,San Luis Obispo, May 25 (MAH), Westminster unusual in spring. A N. est.A Golden-crownedSparrow June 10 (TT). A Scissor-tailed June 1 (DRW), nearby Waterthrushin IrvineApr. 8-26 in theSan Gabriel Mrs. May 21 Flycatcherat UpperNewport HuntingtonBeach June 11-12 (RAE)had probably been pre- (SJM)and another near Scotty's Bay, Orange,Mar 17-Apr 27 (SM), Pt LomaApr 20 (REW) sentall winterSix in thee por- Castle May 25 (MAP) were

Volume45, Number 3.41}1 unusually late. Two Harris' Mark O. Chlchester (Kern), Mar. 20 (PC). In smallnumbers, Sparrowsat EC.R. Mar. 27 Herb Clark, ElizabethCopper HAWAIIAN theseAythya are casual to regular (SEF)and another near Orange (SanDiego), Art Cuppies,Brian winter visitors to Hawaii. Apr. 6 (BO'C) had probably E. Daniels,Don Desjardin,Jon ISLANDS A d' Black Francolin flew beenpresent all winter and were L. Dunn, Tom M. Edefl(San Luis acrossa highwaynear Kahulm, the onlyones reported. A Dark- Obispo),Claud G. Edwards,Alan REGION M., Mar. 1; one to two females eyedJunco in Irvine May 26 M. Eisner, Barbara Elliott, RobertL. Pyle wereseen 8 km downthe high- (BED)was exceptionally late. RichardA. Erickson,Jay Fermin, waytwice in lateMay (JO).The Five Bobolinks at various ShawneenE. Finnegan,David speciesis not oftenreported on localitiesin Inyobetween May Flint,Bob Florand (BFI), Bunny Maui.Two Kalij Pheasants were 24 and June1 wereabout nor- Funke (BFu), Earl Gann, Springrainfall was well above observedin WaiptmahinaGulch mal,but a malein IrvineMay 25 KimballL. Garrett(Los Angeles), normal on the main islands near Pa'auilo on the Hamakua (SM)was along the coast, where Peter Ginsburg, Wayne exceptMaui. Ample fall and early coastof Hawai'i L (PB), which it is mostunusual in spring.A Gochenair, Pascal and Susan winterprecipitation helped Palila wasalso an interesting locality for RustyBlackbird, rarely found in Grimaud (P & SG), Bill Haas getoff to a goodearly nesting thatspecies. At leastseven Com spring,was at Little Lake,Inyo, (BHa), Don and Marjorie start, but on the other side of Peafowlwere calling Apr. 11 m Apr. 25 (RHN). A • Orchard Hastings(D & MH), Gjon MaunaKea a majorrainstorm in LualualeiValley (BE), on the Oriole at Little Lake Apr. 27 Hazard, Fred Heath, Robb A. mid-March caused massive lowerslopes of the n. Waianae (RHN) wasthe only one report- Hamilton,Loren tL Hays,Bob fledglingmortality among native Mts.on O'ahu, where the species ed. A N. (Baltimore)Oriole was Hefter (BHe), Matt T. Heindel, Hawaiian forestbirds. However, has been established for more reportedfrom along the coast in Tomn& JoHeindel (Inyo), Brad renestingafter the storm was suc- thana century. LosOsos Apr. 12 (P & SG),and Hines (BHi), Don Hoechlin, cessful. singlebirds were seen inland at Ken Hollinga, Mark A. COOTS10 TERNS ButterbredtSprings near Cantil Holmgren,Vernon Howe, John Abbreviations: H. (Hawai• One Hawaiian (Am.) Coot May 19 (SAL)and in Ridgecrest Karges, Andrew Kirk, Karl Islana);K. (Kaua•L); M. (Maui (Endangerea)was observed Mar May21 (DM). Krause,Chris Lassen,Steven A. L); O. (O•hu L); P.H.N.W.1L 28 on Kawaihae Stream,K., in Red Crossbills were more Laymon,Paul E. Lehman(Santa (PearlHarbor Nat'l WildliftRef., native Hawaiian forest several numerousand widespread than Barbara and Ventura), Eric O•hu). hundredmeters up-trail from usualin the mountains,as indi- Lichtwardt,Barry Lyon, Blanche Camp10 Road, at a likely site for catedby suchreports as 30 on Mattice (BMa), Gerald SHEARWATERS nesting.Its behaviorsuggested Mt. Pinos May 20-June 8 McChesney(GeMcC), Mike TO PEAFOWL attachmentto thelocality (GB) (RJM). Small numbers were McElligot, Chet McGaugh, SootyShearwaters pass through Its occurrence there is remark- presentalong the coastof San Robert McKernan (Riverside), Hawaiianwaters regularly in able;nesting in sucha locale LuisObispo, with ten wintering JaneMcNeil, SteveMlodinow, springand fall but are rarely wouldbe unprecedented. A flock birds on VandenbergA.EB. Bill Moore(BMo), Don Moore, encountered within view of of cootsat Nu'u Pond,on the sel- throughMay 13 (KH) in n. Randy J. Moore, William shore.Notably, this spring two dom-visited s. coast of Main, Santa Barbara; a few in Moramarco,Jim Morris, Mary werepicked up aliveon O'ahu includedamajority (8-10 birds) CaliforniaCity, Kern, during Mosier,Stephen J. Myers,Dan beachesand turned over to Sea with redfrontal shields (JO). Apriland May (MOC), upto 11 Nelson, Richard H. Neuman, Life Park(MB). One wasfound SingleSemipalmated Plovers in RidgecrestMay 1-8 (AW), Bill O'Connell, Dennis Parker, at Kaaawa Mar. 26 and was band- were reportedat West Loch three in Yucca Valley, San Deborah Parker-Chapman,ed and released 3 days later. The Estateson PearlHarbor, O. Apr Bernardino,May 18 (GH), and Michael A. Patten, Robert other,found at KailuaJune 8, 3 (BE),at KanahaPond, M., Apr another at nearby Morongo Patton, John Perkins (JPe), diedthe next day. 7 (JO),and at Nu'upiaPond, O, ValleyMay 29 (GH) wereon the BarbaraPeugh, Jim Pike (JPi), Thiswinter's low population May4 (MR). All weredescribed high desert.Single Lawrence's Peter Pyle, William tL Radke, of winteringducks gradually as in breedingplumage. Three Goldfinchesin Big Pine Apr. 21 Don Roberson,Paul Rosso, Jim meltedaway during March and Hawaiian (Black-necked)Stilts (EG) and at nearbyTollhouse S. Royer,Dave Shuford,Tom April, with no indicationsof a (Endangerea)were cirding over SpringMay 30 (T &JH) werein Skeer,Mark Stacy,Scott Terrill, spring influx of northbound WaiakeaPond in Hilo,H., Apr 6 an area where few have been Tom Tolman, John Walters, migrants.Forty N. Shovelersat (JL,EV), andfour were seen there found.Evening Grosbeaks were RichardE. Webster,Mary J. AimakapaPond, H., Mar. 19 thenext day (EV). Stilts are rarely widely reportedfrom desert Whitifield,Douglas R. Willick (EV) was the highestcount seen on Hawai'i I. other than at locationsin then.e. portion of (Orange),John C. Wilson,Al reported.A pairof Blue-wingedponds along the w. coast. Casual the Regionthrough May; they Woodman, Kevin Zimmer, Nick Teal (DP), one or two d' Eur. to rare shorebirds were one werealso present in numbersat Zupo. An additional 75 + Wigeon(JB, JO) (with females GreaterYellowlegs at Kealia and some locationsin mountains, as observerswho could not be indi- possiblyEurasian, DP), anda d' KanahaPonds, M., Mar.31-Apr indicatedby 50 on Mt. Pinos viduallyacknowledged submit- Redhead,rare in Hawaii (TB), 3 00), a bird thoughtto be a May 8 (CGE). Somewere also ted reportsthis season.--GUY werereported at KanahaPond, Gray-tailedTattler at Hanalm alongthe coast, as indicated by McCASKIE,San Diego Natural M., duringMarch and April. At Bay,K., Mar. 17 (gooddetails onein CambriaMar. 22 (BMa), HistoryMuseumn, Balboa Park, Mana Pond, a seldom-visitedsite submitted,ph. BO), and a threein LosOsos Apr. 3 (JPe), P.O. Box 1390,San Diego, CA near Waimea, H., a small flock Whimbrelflying in Waiulaula 10 in SantaYnez Mar. 15-May 92112. Mar. 10 included one d' Greater Gulch 100 m inland from Mauna 1 (BFu), and anotherin Goleta Scaup,one d' LesserScaup, four KeaBeach, H., Mar. 16 (PB). Mar. 21 (KB). drab-plumagedscaup, and a • Franklins Gulls createda mild Ring-neckedDuck (DP). A d' stir this spring(compared to Contributors:(County cooMina- Ring-neckedand threefemales 1988), with singlebreeding- torsin boldface)Doug Aguillard, werereported at Aimakapa Pond plumagedadults observed at Chris Benesh,Martin Biehower, Mar. 19 (EV).A d' LesserScaup, Honouliuli Unit, P.H.N.W.R, David V. Blue,Bill Boffert,Karen capturedat JohnstonI., was Apr. 1 (PC), at HeeiaPark and Bridgers,Jaques Brisson, Eugene flown 700 mi and released at pierin Kaneo'he,O., May 13-20 A. Cardiff (San Bernardino), Honouliuli Unit, PH N WR, (SC, RLP, AW), and at Kealla

4•. American Birds,Fall 1991 mated 90% mortalityamong fledgling5hmakihi and high mortality among fledgling 58kepa(Endangered), Tiwi, and •papane(JL). Renestingsafter the stormwere evidently suc- cessfulas "lots" more fledglings of all specieswere in thestudy areaby the end of May. A banded c3' 'Akiapola'au(Endangered), thoughtto havebeen unpaired, wasseen with a fledglingMar. 6. Bothdisappeared after the storm but maynot havebeen casual- ties. Two nests of Hawai'i Creeper(Endangered) fledged successfullyby the endof May. Youngfledged successfully by earlyJune from nests of 8 pairsof 7tk•pa(JL). Nine 7tkohekohe (En-dan- gered)found along the upper part ofTransect3 Trail, downto 5400 ft elevation in Waikamoi, M., Apr. 13 (JJ)is currentlya good countbut representsa density definitelylower than found in this areaby the sameobserver whileparticipating in the Forest BirdSurvey a decade ago. Pond,M., May 15-17 (JO). A May 31 (PD) werealso interest- 2nd-yearGlaucous Gull, rarein S.A. ing localitiesfor that species. Contributors:Glenn Bauer,Ted Hawaii, was observed at the The c• Gre•i]tailedGrackle Two Saffron Finches were found Bodner, Marlee Breese, Phil mouth of the Waimea R., K., reportedalong the Honolulu at SandI. Parkin Honolulu (EV, Brunet, John Buckman,Paul Mar. 14 (DP,ph. KP) andMar. waterfrontfrom time,to dme Mar. 16;JM, ca.Apr. 1). These Chang, Sharon Choy, Reg 17 (RLP,ph. RD). It and an •inceMay 1988 •eems'to bereg- are now rarelyseen on O'ahu David, Peter Donaldson, Bruce accompanyingRing-billed Gull tdar now in Sand I. Park, where other than at Blaisdell Park, Eilerts, Casey Jarman, Jack (probablya winteradult) were it was.r•eord•a.levera 1 tirne• •hi• althoughthey are still common Jeffrey, Jaan Lepson, Jack alsoseen at nearby Hanapepe Salt spring(EV, Dp, PB}, OnJune 1• on Hawai'i Islands w. coast. Mitchell, Arma Oana, Bob Ponds. A Least/Little Tern in ' it wasseen vocalizln Vigorously O'Brien,Jerry Oldenertel, Ken breedingplumage was seen (PB);ihe firstV6•al ieportfo? HAWAIIAN Parkes,Doug Pratt, Thane Pratt, brieflyat AimakapaPond Apr. Haw•b,More inte•estir•g :was a HONEYCREEPERS Mark Rauzon, Tom Telfer, Eric 27-30 but was not heard to .fema/e•ee•at Walke/Bay 0 n A birdseen briefly but well was VanderWerf, Dodie Warren, vocalize (RD). A White Tern Waipi'0Pen, O, (ph. BE), !4 confidentlyidentified (BO) asa Arthur Wong Dock, Violet chick found Apr. 3 and two kmfrb m Slnd I-:Culd ils have. c3''O'u (criticallyEndangered) as Young.--ROBERT L. PYLE, fledglingsfound mid-May were , b•eh t• ii•h•, femalg6bi•l•ed it flew up a gulchalong the 741 N. Kalaheo Ave., Kailua, pickedup by citizens in different 9ccaSjoq;!Iy 9•3Waipi;q Pen. Alaka'iTrail, K., April29. This HI 96734. partsof Honoluluand turned from 1980 i•' 1987,,bu{ speciesis thoughtto be very over to Sea Life Park for rehabili- re•rte&until now T•ince the closeto extinction.Twenty-five tation.All wereeventually suc- mal•'was first-sighted nestsof Palila (Endangered), cessfullyreleased (MB). HonølfiiU?-•Wha•Would h•pp(n found in April in thestudy area iœtheyghoul•findeach oiher? At onMauna Kea, H., comparedto DOVESTO ,Ji• a•e?'Hypo•h•ia:g•the only4 lastApril, were no doubt GRACKLES bgi•s(ii•d5 thin. the.%opnt:ibili• related to a bigincrease in green Fourteenactive nests of the enig- - ty,) 0fthes•two'Nrds.have Den mamanepods this spring, proba- maticGrey Swiftlet, each with ,,&ba!ed' •i years'but •,ith'] bly resultingfrom the wet fall oneegg, were found Apr. 26 in condusigeevidence. and earlywinter (TP). Another upperN. HalawaValley, at the sightingof Maui Parrotbill (criti- onestate locale where this species cally Endangered)in the hasbeen seen and has nested reg- Waikamoi area bordering ularlyin recentdecades. A nearly Red-billed Leiothrix seem to Haleakala N.P., M. (a female all-white leucistic Red-vented berecovering after near extirpa- Apr. 13 alongthe Transect3 Bulbul was reportedindepen- tion on O'ahu a decadeago. trail,ph. JJ) is further indication dently at the same site in Singlebirds were noted in late thatat leasta fewof thisspecies KapiolaniPark, O., May 5-9 Aprilon Waimaluand Wdahila maybe holding on in theforest (VY, OA). Single'Elepaio were Trails; nine and 11 were record- w.of Ko'olauGap. heardon Wa'ahilaTrail Apr. 28 ed on 2 visits to Aiea Trail in late At the researchstudy area in and seenon Aiea Trail May 13 May (PD). Five Yellow-faced Hakalau Nat'l ForestbirdRef., (PD); this nativenow seemsto be Grassquitson Waimalu Trail H., a big rainstormmid-March criticallyscarce on O'ahu. Apr. 26 and two on Aiea Trail (30" in 5 days)caused an esti-

Volume 45, Number 3.499 WEST INDIES REGION (WINTER1990-1991REPORT) Robert L. Norton

(Note:Robert L. Norton}account ofspring migration was sent in on time, but throughan oversight (KtOit wasaccidental.l• omitted j•omthis section. Our appologies to Rob Norton and to our readers.The springreport j•om the West Indies willappear in the next issue.)

Precipitationfor thewinter sea- sonas measured at CruzBay, St. John,in theU.S. Virgin Islands, was 21% abovethe 100-year average.December was -16%, Januarywas -5%, andFebruary Bahamas,JS counted 40 of these winter that JS haswitnessed in 12 speciesof migrantwarblers was +103%. cormorantsFeb. 19. A pairof 15 annualvisits, and yieldeda were noted (BS, RL). The Afterreading the spring issue White Ibises was noted at record count of 64 Short-billed absence of Yellow Warbler and (AB 45:156-157), EF wrote to CalabashBay pond, Andros (BS, Dowitchers Feb. 19. BahamaYellowthroat was puz- expressamazement and dismay RL), and a RoseateSpoonbill At CaboRojo, P.R., SS and zling. Migrant warblerswere overthe harvestingof Ruffsat was seen at Staniard Creek, DS observed the "inveterate" reportedscarce in mid-February Barbados.By his accounting, the Andros,in earlyJanuary (fide Com. Black-headedGull Jan. on Eleuthera,in areasthat JS has taking of six (with possibly BS). 22. This or another Black-head- coveredannually for 15 years. another three observed) Four Fulvous Whistling- ed has been observed at Cabo Antillean (Blue-hooded) amountsto the singlelargest Ducks were flushed from Rojofor severalconsecutive sea- Euphoniaswere found building concentrationof the speciesin CalabashBay pond, but no West sons.Some 17 Ring-billed Gulls a nestJan. 25 in theLa Mesasec- the West Indies or Central Indian Whistling-Duckswere and one LaughingGull were tionofMayaguez, P.R. (SS, DS). America. The six harvested Ruffs seen there or elsewhere on notedat Tarpum Bay. Red-wingedBlackbirds were couldrepresent a significant per- Andros during a visit Jan. seeminglyabsent from Andros centageof theindividuals in the 26-Feb.2 (BS,RL). FourRing- during Sorrie'svisit in late New World. necked Ducks were seen Feb. 19 BLACKBIRDS Januaryand early February. Ruffshave not beenproven nearDouble Bay, Eleuthera (JS). EurasianCollared-Doves appear to breed in North America aside A TurkeyVulture seen Feb. 21 to be established on Andros, Addendum:A surveyof Abaco from one anomalous record at (JS) establisheda first winter Bahamas,particularly around andGreen Turtle Cay, Bahamas, PointLay, Alaska. However, they occurrencefor central Eleuthera. CalabashBay and Mystic Point Nov. 16-19, 1990 turnedup appearto wanderextensively on A singlePeregrine Falcon was Settlement(BS, RL). During a several new island records: their migrationfrom Eurasian seencircling overhead Jan. 28 at walkthrough a "smallrelic rain- Western Kingbird, Bahama breeding grounds to West Andros,Bahamas (BS, ILL). forest" in the La Mesa section of Mockingbird,Blue Grosbeak, Africa,where up to a million The Seltmanswere "disap- Mayaguez,P.R., on Jan.25, SS ChippingSparrow, and House birds have been counted at one pointed"at thelow numbers of and DS recorded several Puerto Sparrow;a GreatBlack-backed Senegalroost. Their regular shorebirdsin late Januaryat Rican Lizard Cuckoos. In the Gull there was new for the landfall on Barbados is no doubt CaboRojo, P.R., yet added that samegeneral area, 10+ Lesser Bahamas(PS, WB, HL). relatedto fall seasoncyclonic there were hundreds of Greater Antillean Pewees were found. disturbances,moving from east and Lesseryellowlegs in the On Andros, Bahamas,in late Contributors:Woody Bracey, to west acrossthe Atlantic. companyof fourBlack-bellied January and earlyFebruary, no Ed Fingerhood, Howard Plovers,20 RuddyTurnstones, La Sagr•s Flycatcherswere Langridge,R. Leblond, Ian Abbr•iali0ns: ER. (Puert0Rico). twoSpotted Sandpipers, and ca. founddespite a specificsearch, Lothian,Joe Siphron,Diane 100 SemipalmatedSandpipers. and no BahamaMockingbirds Seltman, Scott Seltman, Bruce CORMORANTS Sorrie also noted a "dearth" of were seen (BS). Two Bahama Sorrie,Paul Sykes, Jill Weech.-- TOGULLS shorebirds in coastal areas and Swallowswere seen Jan. 28 at the ROBERT L. NORTON, 3408 A Double-crested Cormorant pondsof N. Andros,Bahamas, Andros airport (BS, ILL). N.W. 27th Terrace, Gaineville, wasstudied carefully at the air- duringthe period Jan. 26-Feb. Puerto Rican Vireos num- FL 32605. port pond of North Andros, 2. Pond levelsat Eleuthera, how- bered 10+ in the La Mesa forest, Bahamas,Feb. 2 (BS, RL). At ever,appeared to behigher this Mayaguez,ER., Jan. 25 (SS, PalmettoPoint Pond, Eleuthera, winter than in 1990, the driest DS). On Andros,Jan. 26-Feb. 2,

800 .American Birds,Fall 1991