WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF & AMPHIBIANSIRCF REPTILES • VOL15, &NO AMPHIBIANS 4 • DEC 2008 189 • 26(1):49–50 • APR 2019

IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FEATURE ARTICLES Predation. Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis on catenifer sayiEarthworms) in Wisconsin: (Oligochaeta) On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 by. TheCuban Shared History of Treeboas Brown (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans Anoles, on Grenada: Anolis sagrei A Hypothetical Excursion ...... Robert W. Henderson 198 RESEARCH ARTICLES(: ) . The Texas Horned in Central and Western Texas ...... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in ManuelFlorida Iturriaga and Luis F. de Armas ...... Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Carretera de Varona No. 11835, entre Oriente y Lindero, Reparto Parajón, Municipio Boyeros, La Habana 19, C.P. 11900, CONSERVATION ALERTCuba ([email protected]; [email protected]) . World’s Mammals in Crisis ...... 220 . More Than Mammals ...... 223 . The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ...... 225 lthough frugivoryHUSBANDRY (e.g., Simmon et al. 2005; involved an adult male, perched on a stone 20 cm above the AFläschendräger and. Captive Wijffels Care of the 2009) Central Nettedand Dragonnectarivory ...... (e.g., substrate, consuming an Shannon earthworm Plummer (Fig.226 1A). Colón 2010; Cajigas-GandiaPROFILE et al. 2018) have been reported, A second observation at 1527 h on 8 August involved an anoles usually prey on. Kraig insects Adler: A Lifetimeand Promotingother arthropodsHerpetology ...... (e.g., adult female (SVL approx. Michael 50 L. mm)Treglia on234 the ground eating an arachnids, terrestrialCOMMENTARY isopods, millipedes, centipedes) and earthworm nearly 80 mm in length. When the lizard grasped it, occasionally consume. mollusksThe Turtles Have and Been small Watching vertebrates, Me ...... includ- it broke in two parts. The lizard Eric Gangloff then ate238 the first part and later ing congeners and conspecifics (e.g., Henderson and Powell the other one. Complete consumption lasted about 10 min. BOOK REVIEW 2009 and references .therein;Threatened AmphibiansRodríguez-Cabrera of the World edited andby S.N. Fong Stuart, M. Hoffmann, The J.S. last Chanson, observation N.A. Cox, was at 1236 h on 1 September and 2015). Among West IndianR. Berridge, , P. Ramani, the and B.E.Hispaniolan Young ...... Stout likely involved the same female Robert Powell observed 243 in August. On this Anole (Anolis cybotes), Puerto Rican Crested Anole (A. cris- occasion, the lizard, perched on the rim of a metallic potsherd tatellus), Puerto Rican CONSERVATION Giant Anole RESEARCH(A. cuvieri REPORTS:), Puerto Summaries Rican of Published23 cm Conservation above Research the substrate, Reports ...... was eating 245 an earthworm 47 mm  NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ...... 247 Yellow-chinned Anole NEWBRIEFS (A. gundlachi ...... ), and Dominica Anole in length and 57...... mm in diameter (Fig. 248 1B). Consumption (A. oculatus) are known EDITORIAL to prey INFORMATION on earthworms ...... (Henderson lasted about 15 min...... 251  FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ...... 252 and Powell 2009 and references therein). Because A. sagrei is a definitive sit-and-wait predator (e.g., During the summer of 2018, we observed three incidents Schwartz and Henderson 1991; Rodríguez-Schettino 2003), of Cuban Brown Anoles (A. sagrei) preying on earthworms the earthworms probably were captured above the ground, in the backyard of a residence in SanFront Antonio Cover. Shannon de Plummer.los Baños perhapsBack Cover.forced Michael to Kernthe surface by water saturating the soil. (22°53’36.49”N, 82°30’35.21”W;Totat 75 et mvelleseque a.s.l.), audant Artemisa mo Moreover,Totat et velleseque three audant observed mo cases in the span of a month and Province, Cuba. The first observationestibus at inveliquo 1035 velique h on rerchil 13 July a estibushalf suggestinveliquo velique that rerchil earthworms might be relatively common erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as accullabo.

Fig. 1. Predation on earthworms by Cuban Brown Anoles (Anolis sagrei) in a residential backyard in San Antonio de los Baños, Artemisa Province, Cuba on 13 July 2018 (A) and 1 September 2018 (B). Photographs by Luis F. de Armas.

Copyright © 2019. Manuel Iturriaga. All rights reserved. 49 IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians ISSN 1098-6324 ITURRIAGA AND DE ARMAS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 26(1):49–50 • APR 2019 prey of A. sagrei. Certainly, earthworms, which are rich in Colón, A.D. 2010. Nectarivory in Puerto Rican Emerald Anoles (Anolis evermanni). Reptiles & Amphibians 17: 144–145. lipids and proteins (e.g., Brusca and Brusca 2003), represent Fläschendräger, A. and L.C.M. Wijffels. 2009. Anolis. 2. vollständig überarbeitete a highly nutritious resource for . und erweitere Auflage. Natur und Tier, Münster, Germany. Henderson, R.W. and R. Powell. 2009. Natural History of West Indian Reptiles and Acknowledgements Amphibians. University of Florida Press, Gainesville. Rodríguez-Cabrera, T. M. and A. Fong G. 2015. Predation on a blindsnake genus We are indebted to Antonio Cádiz and Sonia Seuc for critical Typhlops (Squamata: Typhlopidae) by the Spanish Flag Anole, Anolis allogus reviews of this manuscript. (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in Cuba. Reptiles & Amphibians 22: 156–159. Rodríguez-Schettino, L. (ed.). 2003. Anfibios y Reptiles de Cuba. UPC Print, Vaasa, Finland. Literature Cited Schwartz, A. and R.W. Henderson. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Brusca, R.C. and G.J. Brusca. 2003. Invertebrates. 2nd ed. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Indies: Descriptions, Distributions, and Natural History. University of Florida Sunderland, Massachusetts. Press, Gainesville. Cajigas-Gandia, A., J. Reina-Carvajal, and J. Torres-López. 2018. An instance of Simmons, P.M., B.T. Greene, K.E Williamson, R. Powell, and J.S. Parmerlee, nectarivory in a Cuban Green Anole, Anolis porcatus (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Jr. 2005. Ecological interactions within a lizard community on Grenada. Reptiles & Amphibians 25: 37–39. Herpetologica 61: 124–134

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