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Q. (/) !✓) fN O O ^ >- Pushing out the Boundaries Gayie Miii on the eve of a new adventure Of - Sheep in a Daies iandscape Keeping the Nationai Park Authority sustainabie > O) Review Gayle Mill: on the eve of a No. 102 ■ Spring 2008 KM new adventure Gayle Mill manager. Paul Bisson, describes journal of the Yorkshire Dales Society the latest developments in this unique Editorial Team: Fleur Speakman with the help of Ann Harding, Bill Mitchell, project. Colin Speakman, Alan Watkinson, Anne Webster and Chris Wright February 2008. As I gaze out of my office window at Wether . Gayle Mill seems like an animal beginning to wake after a long hibernation of almost Pushing out the boundaries 20 years. As it stretches its limbs in the pale sunshine that heralds a new Malcolm Petyt, Chairman, Yorkshire Dales Society spring, the jackdaws caw noisily around a building where they have nested The Yorkshire Dales Society is the National Park Society for FLD had concentrated at first on land between the A6 and since 1784. the Yorkshire Dales, but we are concerned with all of the the /V16. This included the fine valleys of Borrowdale and Yorkshire Dales - not just with the Yorkshire Dales National Bretherdale and other areas which the Friends had argued It was 1988 when Brian Alderson locked Park. The boundaries of our National Park are artificial, in since the 1950s should nave been included in the Lake the doors of the Mill and closed down that they were drawn in the 1950s taking more notice of District National Park, The great fell walker and writer the sawmilling and joinery business political and landowner considerations than of landscape. described Borrowdale as the finest valley that had been operating for 109 years. in Westmorland not in the national park. Why was this For years Brian tried to find a buyer That led to at least two major anomalies. First, the area excluded when the Park was designated? Almost that would respect the heritage of the boundary to the east was fixed so as to exclude the major certainly, because at that time it seemed logical to draw the building. It was Brian's passion and dale of Nidderdale. This was at least partly to appease the boundary at the notorious A6 Shap Road - the main dogged determination to realise this Water Companies which had developed large reservoirs to western route to Scotland. If the /V16 had existed then, and dream that made him turn down all serve the industrial towns of the West Riding, 40 years later the A6 had been the much quieter and more pleasant road offers, as most of them wanted to turn Nidderdale was designated as an AONB (Area of it is today, the motorway would have been made the the Mill into apartments, rather than Outstanding Natural Beauty), which at least gives some national park boundary. celebrate a history that stretched back recognition of its quality and a degree of protection (and it to Georgian times when Oswald and certainly contains plenty of natural beauty, as well as some FLD's research demonstrated that this area amply satisfies Thomas Routh first built a water mill to that is more than usually man-made!). But one could the landscape and recreational criteria for national park spin cotton. certainly argue that it should have been in the National status. But before publishing their report they were advised Park because it also satisfies the criteria of providing wide by friends eminent in the countryside movement to look at Time began to take its toll on the opportunities for recreation and of being within easy reach other "forgotten" parts of Cumbria which might be worthy ancient building and for the next 15 of major centres of population. Our Society certainly of designation. This led them to examine the areas years, despite designations as a listed regards Nidderdale as part of the Yorkshire Dales, mentioned above which border the Yorkshire Dales building and scheduled ancient National Park, and also a fine area of limestone country monument, dilapidation turned to A second anomaly is due to the fact that the boundary was known as the Orton . It was not difficult to dereliction. The weather crept under drawn to follow pre-(974 county lines; the Yorkshire Dales demonstrate that these areas met the criteria for inclusion the battered roof, rotting floors, peeling National Park had to be in Yorkshire! So the fells east of within the adjacent Yorkshire Dales National Park or, in the off plaster and eroding away the the Lune Valley were excluded because they were case of the Orton Fells, as a new Area of Outstanding mortar holding the building together. administratively part of Lancashire or Westmorland; the Natural Beauty. The wooden leat collapsed as massive wonderful country around Mailerstang and , With the major building conservation vernacular style of the Dales tree roots undermined the structure: and even more illogically the Northern Howgill Fells (which Even before the FLD research was completed, the works almost completed last autumn, it architecture. They have sorted and the old weir under the bridge began to are indistinguishable in landscape terms from the Southern Countryside Agency took up the case and commissioned disintegrate. The only thing that was up to Gayle Mill Trust, as the cleaned artefacts, lime-washed interior Howgills within the Park) all lack the protection of their own consultants to examine those areas which could seemed to stand up to the onslaught of organisation responsible for running the walls, chopped up tons of firewood (for designation because they were beyond the old Yorkshire- be brought into the two parks. The process has been decay was the Victorian engineering. Mill as a new business, to get the biomass boiler), and decorated the Westmorland boundary. This situation became even more slowed down by the infamous Meyrick judgement involving everything ready to welcome its first new facilities such as the wheelchair- indefensible when the 1974 county changes resulted in part the New Forest National Park, and by consequent further Although at the turn of the millennium visitors, accessible toilet, the kitchen and the of the Park being outside Yorkshire, anyway - in Cumbria, delays in the designation of the South Downs as a National plans were being drawn up to rescue office. I have been privileged to be part of and the Park boundary now crosses almost identical Park, the building from total destruction, it landscape within that same county. wasn't until 2004, when Gayle Mill this final stage of work, and I have Two directors of Gayle Mill Trust in been amazed by the huge amounts of particular, Tony Routh and William But the required public consultation process will now soon unexpectedly came third in the national In recent years the Yorkshire Dales Society has given both begin, and we can be hopeful that within a few years the voluntary time, effort and skill that Lambeil. have spent many days, and final of the BBC "Restoration" moral and what financial support it could to our sister Yorkshire Dales and the Lake District National Parks will be programme, that sufficient funds were have been donated by local people any spare evenings and weekends society, the Friends of the Lake District, in their project to extended to include more of what deserves the protection over the last six months. In all restoring the Victorian line-shafting raised for a full conservation and re-examine the boundaries of both national parks with land of National Park status, weathers, volunteers have helped build system (powered by the original 1879 restoration project undertaken by the in Cumbria - the Lake District and the Dales - and if steps and walls, create safe floors and turbine) on the lower floor and the Mill's new owner, the North East Civic possible to redraw the boundaries to include areas worthy working areas, and construct safety woodworking machinery on the floor Dr Malcolm Petyt Trust (now North of Civic of national park status. Chairman YDS barriers, all in keeping with the above. Meticulously each part of each Trust), contact Andris Bergs on 01969 667320. (closed Mondays and Fridays, except Bank holidays), then weekend days There has been one great sadness only in October and November, i recently. Diagnosed last year with IIIH, Visitors must go around the Mill in pancreatic cancer. Brian Alderson died mil guided tour groups (there are five tours last December, aged only 66. It is a per day), and tickets must be booked tragedy that the last private owner of from the Dales Countryside Museum in Cayle Mill, whose family has been Hawes (tel. 01969 666210). Full details connected with the Mill for over 140 VI can be obtained from the Cayle Mill years, was never able to see the project website. finally completed. Not long before he died, however, the big lathe, which had As I write Cayle Mill is at last nearly not worked for over 60 years, was ready to reveal the secrets of its 230- restored to working order. The first year history to a public still fascinated object to be turned on it was a to find out how such a unique heritage candlestick - using an odd piece of ash has managed, not just to survive, but which had been knocking about in the to enter a new phase of its Mill since at least the 1950s - and this extraordinary existence. was presented to Brian in November by the Friends of Cayle Mill. With continued help, support and Cay/e Mill turbine commitment, there is an exciting future The Mill opens to the public on ahead for Cayle Mill, clearer now than machine has been removed, cleaned, finding out more about having timber Tuesday i8th March, with the first tour what Brian's uncle. Rev James re-engineered or (where necessary) growing on their land sawn onsite into at 2.30pm. Thereafter until the end of Alderson. foresaw in his 1975 poem: replaced like with like: sometimes planks, posts, beams, etc, please September it is open five days a week T' years rowl by. men come, men go, metal framework has had to be made Aldersons, Metcalfes, wurked here and mounted on new support years ago. stonework to ensure a safe and stable foundation for the original machinery. What the future holds we cannot know. For Cayle Mill, In the meantime we have been hard at work setting up all the systems any Paul Bisson, Cayle Mill Manager business needs and putting in place all the legal requirements to meet health and safety regulations. We have been recruiting and training volunteer guides, carrying out further historical research, and designing and producing t the interpretation displays, a CCTV touch-screen system for disabled visitors, the visitor guidebook and marketing literature. We have also planned a series of special activity All the photographs weekends at the Mill in the summer in illustrating this article a variety of subjects, from watercolours are courtesy of and stick-carving to working with green Mark Clynn. timber. Further details are available on our website: www.gaylemill,org.uk but tfr. '11 places are limited, so early booking is r- - • I' Mij advised.

We have been busy establishing the mobile sawmilling business, and there are some interesting opportunities to work in partnership with the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. The WoodMizer LT40 (generously funded by the Yorkshire Daies Millennium Trust) was taken out to do a number of demonstrations at fairs and open days last summer and we have also carried \ out several contracts since we employed a machinist at the end of autumn j.oo'i If anyone is interested m lambs. Ewe and Teeswater tup blended wool are bright and lustrous. Look for should be valued. In recent years, Sheep in the Dales Landscape well in the production of fat lambs. the Rough Fell about Sedbergh and farmers in the High Dale Country - The Wensleydale ranged from the especially on the slaty Howgill Fells. A once so proud in their self-sufficiency - highlands of its native dale to the edge hardy breed, one of the oldest, it has a have felt helpless against bureaucratic The head of a Swaledale tup is the in Arkengarthdale. I heard a tup referred A Swardle is a horned sheep, the type of the Plain of York.There are some black face and white on the nostrils. bungling and a terrifying spell when emblem of the Yorkshire Dales to as a tweearp! being fixed by farmers in the bleak prime flocks in Wensleydale, as was disease not emanating in the region led National Park country around Tan Hill. W S Raw, of seen in a recent television documentary This breed - like others - is ideal, when to restrictions. Hopefully, a thousand- An old-time shepherd set off for the fells Muker. who was the secretary of the about life in Wensleydale. Compact and its fell days are over, for crossing with year-old tradition of stock-rearing on The Dales landscape we see today was with a crook in one hand, an old mac breeders' association, founded in 1920. blocky, the Wensleydale has a broad mutton-producing strains on lower the fells will endure. largely created by the grazing of sheep (with sandwiches in a pocket) and his told me how the distinctive breed and level back, the hind part being as ground. This is one of several reasons hill sheep, born and bred in broad as the shoulders, long strands of why our fell-going stocks of sheep Bill Mitchell the area, subsisting where only the toughest can survive. Swaledale, Dalesbred, Wensleydale and Rough Fell - these are some of the breeds Daleswatch that are the unofficial green- keepers of the dale-country. Current Issues in the Yorkshire Dales

By their grazing and browsing, Settle Festival - Licence Refused Another Major Wind Turbine Development for Craven? sheep prevent the natural regeneration of timber. During The Yorkshire Dales Society faced a difficult dilemma when Controversy of a different kind has been raised by an the Second World War, when considering its response to the proposed Settle Pop Festival, application by Energiekontor UK. wind energy developers, home-grown food was vital, which was planned to take place over a busy August proposing ten 126 metre (390 feet) high turbines to be and there were none of the weekend this year. The Society is not and never has been erected on Brightenber Hill, near Bank Newton, Though former restraints on how many opposed to young people coming to the Dales to enjoy the this is some 4km (over 2 miles) outside the National Park sheep could be kept for the kind of pop and rock music and related youth culture boundary, there will be a significant visual impact from good of the land, the sheep activities young people all over the world enjoy, nor does it popular viewpoints in the Dales, which might include population of the want to be seen to be an organisation which is a "killjoy", Moor, Flasby Fell and Cracoe Fell. After some soared. The vegetation was campaigning against other people's enjoyment and leisure debate the company is now considering submitting an over-grazed. Some heathered activities, providing these do not seriously impact on the application for just five turbines, which will, however still acres became tracts of environment or the local community. make a major visual impact. unproductive Nardus stricta. The Festival, which despite its name was to take place not Once again this is a difficult debate. The Yorkshire Dales George Murray, an old-time in Settle but between Giggleswick and Rathmell, to the Society fully recognises the need for renewable energy, but gamekeeper, based in not at the cost of sacrificing our finest landscape heritage. Is Clapham. remembered when Immediate south of the A65 Settle by-pass, had divided the in late summer, Settle community, with many local residents deeply Brightenber Hill a site of such importance, as indeed was had a conspicuous purple hue as the dog at foot. Traditionally, it was of hazel, began. Long years ago, farmers in the concerned about the possible noise and unruly behaviour Whinash Fell between the Dales and the Lake District, or is ling blossomed, A Yorkshire squire gathered at the "back-end" when upper dales, seeing little of the outside which the event might encourage, but others offering it acceptable? In the longer term, do we have to accept the referred to Nardus as "sheep resistant "t'sap's out on't". and well-seasoned. world, had to study and make the best strong and vocal support for an event which would bring concept of the Dales and Lake District National Parks being grass". The "gripping" of the fells The crook part was usually tup's horn use of what they had. They selected more visitors and trade, and appeal to the younger surrounded by a forest of steel visible from every hill top or lacerated rather than benefited them. picked up on the fells or removed from their stock from each other. Through generation and families. upland ridge? Yet sheep farming endured in a an animal finding it troublesome. such selective breeding, the distinctive modified form. Boiling the horn softened it sufficiently Swaledale type evolved. It has a more The Society took a careful look at the proposals and whilst for it to be shaped into the traditional primitive appearance than most other being neutral about the event as such, felt that there were A/ew Planning Bill proposes re/axat/on of planing Sheep have been a major part of our crook pattern. The modern shepherd breeds, with long body and long legs. several aspects about this particular site to justify concern. controls for renevjables even in National Parks and Dales economy since the Cistercians, the rides an ATV (all-terrain vehicle). His The wool is short and tightly-packed. Its This mainly centred on the impact of traffic turning into AONBs first great flockmasters. built up a lively crook is likely to be of light alloy. He is head is dark-complexioned on the upper and from the A65 along the Settle by-pass, attracting trade in wool. Whenever I climb back at the farm for lunch. part, grey or mealy lower down. thousands of additional cars on one of the busiest The Government is proposing changing planning legislation Fountains Fell I think of shepherds weekends of the year (despite the offer of Northern Rail to in the UK to allow small scale renewable energy rounding up sheep and driving them to What of the sheep breeds? William The Dalesbred, a type of horned sheep run extra trains, it was felt that most patticipants would installations - small turbines, solar panels - to be exempt the grange of Kilnsey to be clipped, the Marshall, in his account of the rural fixed by breeders in Upper Wharfedale choose road transport especially if they were camping), the from planning controls outside Conservation Areas. Again a wool being transferred over the moors economy of Yorkshire, published in 1794, in 1930, has declined in number, though ability and experience of the organisers to handle perhaps difficult dilemma - dozens of unsightly panels on every to on ox-hauled wains. was impressed by the stamina of the some farmers consider it is hardier than very large crowds, and the fact that the event was taking rooftop might well change the character of some of the You cannot walk far in the Dales without moorland breed of sheep, which "has some other breeds. Dalesbred has a place in the Ribble flood plain which in the event of wet most beautiful villages of the Yorkshire Dales if not done hearing the bleating of sheep. always been different from that of the black face, with a distinct white mark on weather could result in chaotic conditions. vale." The rise and spread of the each side of the nostrils and a grey nose. sensitively and well, for example using photovoltaic cells which are indistinguishable from any natural roofing Pennine sheep terms are numerous. Swaledale breed has been awesome. The Dalesbred association was founded Basically, it's a lamb until it has been Swardles, to use a dale-country term, by Mr 0 , a Bradford wool Craven District Council's Licensing and Appeals Sub materials. Once again, however, a focus on renewable spained (separated from its mother) have been lively colonists, spreading merchant who also had farming committee took an almost identical view, and the energy creation is allowing what perhaps should be the real when it becomes a hogg - gimmer hogg into Che herdwick country of Lakeland associations with the upper dale, along application was turned down, but the organisers are likely priority - energy conservation - to be ignored in a in the case of ewe lambs. The males are and taking over the black-faced sheep with Frank Campbell of Horton-in- to appeal. "business as usual" agenda, prolonging high energy either wether hoggs (those castrated for terrain of the North York Moors. The Ribblesdale, Jim Verity of Kirkby Malham consuming lifestyles, especially in prosperous rural areas use as stores or fat animals) or tup total population of Swaledales is now and Joe Close of Starbotton, They bred such as the Yorkshire Dales. hoggs (keep for breeding purposes), about five million. a good fell sheep. It did well on various Pronunciation varies from dale to dale. kinds of land and produced hardy continuing input on both fronts: the Nurjahan in her work as coordinator of the YDS with a key speaker from Meet two new Members of Council Society has been keen for some time to Walking for Health tremendously Mosaic Project at the YDS AGM a few place more emphasis on some family- enjoys helping people to improve their years ago). Here the focus Is on Fleur Speakman introduces two important new recent recruits to the Yorkshire Dales Society's friendly events, trialling one or two health through gentle activity. As she encouraging disadvantaged groups and Council of Management who we hope will bring, in contrasting ways, the skills, energy and family walks in the past, but was aware explains: "My focus in providing group ethnic minorities to visit and enjoy the that much more could be done in this led walks led by trained Walk Leaders Dales so that they will feel able to enthusiasm of a younger generation to Council and to the work of the Society direction. Is to engage people In preventing, enjoy repeat visits by themselves. The delaying or managing ill health .... or Judith Lancaster Bradford and Skipton. followed by tremendous contrast after some time enabling them to enjoy brisk walks some time at H dt M chartered spent In the granite city of Aberdeen, with likeminded people In beautiful accountants once again in Skipton. but now the area means a great deal to Nurjahan All Arobi surroundings whether it is a local park The Yorkshire Dales Society Council of Invited to teach, she first obtained her her and she fully Identifies with its or out in the Yorkshire Dales." Walking Management has been very fortunate teaching qualifications and currently great natural beauty, "I love It when It's We were delighted when Nurjahan Ali can be a real aid to physical health, but in finding a new Honorary Treasurer in works at Bradford College teaching windy and all the grass and trees are Arobi joined the Yorkshire Dales pleasant socialisation, having fun as Judith Lancaster. Judith brings a great accountancy, but sees her main role as moving, it just feels like all the Council of Management in the New you walk, is an equally important part variety of professional experience to a farmer's wife and the mother of cobwebs are blown out of you, I love Year. Her commitment to the Yorkshire of the equation, (A number of YDS the role, but has her feet also firmly on three lively young children, Charlotte, the farm at the beginning of June when Dales and her valuable professional members who regularly walk and the soil of the Dales itself as a very 8, and Robert ,7. who attend Cracoe it's so green and at its best. ... I am work as District-wide Coordinator of interact with each other as part of the active farmer's wife on a hill farm at and Rylstone primary school, (also constantly grateful that my children are Walking for Health for Bradford and YDS Events' programme, would Bordley, near Malham. Judith is no attended previously by her husband being brought up In this wonderful part Airedale Teaching Primary Care Trust probably agree with this whole stranger to mucking out. lambing, John at early age), and baby Harry of the world: they have been feeding will help the Society to form stronger heartedly.) haytime or farm paperwork. After who is only a few months old and is in lambs since the age of two, my eldest links with particular groups of people spending some of her early life in West the throes of teething, Judith loves son is already a natural shepherd." and give a better understanding of Her interest in the Dales grew when Germany in Iserlohne. where her father farming life, but emphasises that John some important current concerns, she realised its wide green vistas were was serving with the British forces does the lion's share of this demanding A keen rounders player when she has Nurjahan born in Bradford, grew up in rather like the Bangladesh her parents overseas, Judith later moved to the job, and she is continually fascinated the chance, and treasurer of the local the Manningham area of the city, apart described and that she hoped to visit Dales with her parents, while her by his amazing ability to Identify non- sports and social committee, Judith Is from a brief spell in London in early one day. But as one of a family of 8 mother continued her nursing career. identical twin lambs among a also anxious to bring, "a family childhood. The daughter of Bangladeshi children, both the Dales and projects have given her the opportunity After leaving Settle High School and thousand, working out exactly who the element to the Yorkshire Dales Society": parents, she Is proud of her Bangladesh were denied her for some to meet like-minded people and to visit college. Judith started her working life mother is and where she is likely to to find a way of Involving children and Manningham links and finds Its cultural time as even school visits were other National Parks. Nurjahan has an as an MM tax inspector in Skipton and lamb from the previous year. initiating some child-centred activities, mix developed over a period of at least comparatively costly or there was a ongoing mission to introduce groups then moved into the private sector whilst keeping an eye on the Society's two centuries endlessly Instructive and need to stay behind and interpret for such as Bangladeshi families to the working for high street banks in Initially Judith found the Dales a finances. We look forward to her fascinating. Nurjahan has been married her parents. Dales to enjoy themselves and refresh to her husband Sadlk for 14 years and their spirits, so that they too can absorb Bordley Stone Circle has two charming young daughters. Nurjahan is also a Community its beauty. She herself takes a mental snapshot of special places In the Dales net s Fq like Janet's Foss and the top view of the Hoffman Kiln from Tom Lord's meadow, to cherish until she can return once again after dealing with her usual daily 100 emails!

In any free time, her other relaxations Include reading with Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice as her top favourite, visits to the theatre and looking at vernacular architecture, but she still finds time to be a parent governor at Ajeema's school at Springwood primary and to act as an LEA Governor at Belle Vue Girl's School where she originally studied. We feel that Nurjahan's input, energy, and special skills will be a tremendous asset to the Yorkshire Dales Society Council of Management.

Fleur Speakman

Ajeema 10 and a half and Faleeha Champion with the Council for nearly 4. with the whole family National Park's Mosaic scheme (a enjoying walking as a regular activity. project which Is strongly supported by

8 Linton Mill in 1900. The Crassington National grid supplied electricity came Solid state controls allow electricity When the lights stayed on Electric Supply Company was in 1949 but half of Grassington still had produced by alternators instead of old established in 1909. This meant that in supplies from the mill. In spite of style dynamos to enter local the following year oil street lamps in severe post war shortages and distribution systems and contribute to Even upland farmhouses could be cosy tank can last up to eight hours. to hold back the flow of rivers and Grassington could be replaced with restrictions mains electricity from the the national grid supply. in winter with the thick walls filled with streams to provide water power usually electric ones. The 1920s saw a new newly nationalised industry soon insulating rubble, small windows and a Gas lighting with a mantle was to drive a local mill. This often involved power house and generating plant with spread up the dale to the most isolated Kilnsey Park had its own hydro electric sausage-like draught excluder at the available even in small towns following a diverting stream or goit but both a back up steam engine and an of farmhouses. Barry Hodkinson who generator in 1933 commissioned by the door. However it could be very gloomy the provision of local railways that used sometimes the head of water was used oil engine. There would always have to has the electrical shop in Grassington father of the present owner. It has in winter till improvements followed gas themselves and could bring the directly. This was the case at be electricity to start up the mill. The Square remembers wiring up recently been replaced by a German the widespread introduction of electric necessary coal. A farm near Otterburn Ingleborough Hall at Clapham where current was supplied at 220 volts DC farmhouses at Swarthgill and Nethergill model that came from Wales and can power. Candles made of beeswax, even had its own gas works in an the Farrar family installed a turbine and (direct current). Households paid per at the top of Langstrothdaie in 1956. return surplus to the grid. There is a animal fat. and later tallow may have outbuilding using carbide and water to generator in 1893. leading to possibly outlet so single sockets always had a viewing area to see the plant in action. contemporary charm. The use of produce acetylene. I am assured it the country's first street lighting. Dr multitude of various adapters in all We have lived comfortably with paraffin followed its introduction from never blew up but does sound rather John Farrar said he could have a small directions. national grid supplies generated mainly The Yorkshire Dales National Park Germany in 1853. The flickering of dangerous. The bright light gave off an electric fire or a light in his office but by fossil fuels ever since, but now we Authority has already identified a large candles was lessened by the onion like odour. not both! Some farms ran their own generators are threatened by the consequences of number of other potential sites. Gayle introduction of the glass chimney, often utilising ex army equipment with global warming due to carbon dioxide Mill which we visited recently is of perfected in the hurricane lamp Thomas Edison invented the Several village supplies were set up in a variety of direct current systems. Glass emission as well as the fact of course one of these. surrounded by a protective wire cage. incandescent light bulb in 1878, with Wensleydale. such as at West Mill in filled accumulators formed banks to diminishing world supplies of coal and This probably was adapted from whale Joseph Swan in England following a Askrigg in 1909. A Gilkes Vortex turbine supply between 90 and no volts. My oil. Can we return to hydro electric Chris Wright oil lamps used in ships. Pressure lamps year later. Unlike modern gas filled at Bainbridge produced 6kw at 110 volts uncle used to turn off the engine across power? There are a large number of produced by the Tilley Company were bulbs these had a vacuum but as did the installation at Yore Mill the yard with a long piece of string fast flowing streams in the Dales. Is this the ultimate in oil lamps working on eventually proved very reliable and which YDS members viewed last year. through the bedroom window. Padding an easily concealed alternative to wind the same principle as a primus stove. long lived. down the stairs accompanied by turbines? The bright light with up to 500 The first power house at Crassington muttering meant the string had broken candlepower is odourless and a full In the Dales you will note many weirs was built over a sluice belonging to yet again! The answer lies in modern technology.

The Slow Art Trail arts

Chrysalis Arts, a Corporate Member of the Yorkshire Dales policy. This has radically changed how we operate as a Society, is an award-winning public art company, training and business, and we are also developing sustainability arts development agency, based in Gargrave, near Skipton. guidelines for the making of artwork. We aim to host a From July to September this year Chrysalis is developing a Slow seminar later this year, in order to start raising the profile of A;t Trail from Skipton to Strid Wood on the Bolton Abbey Estate. Here Chrysalis director Rick Faulkner explains the background to the project and the company's aims in undertaking this unusual project.

Our Slow Art Trail project is a central element in Chrysalis's overall aim of moving its artistic and creative practice towards a more sustainable and environmentally responsible way of working,

It connects with the slow food concept of taking more time to appreciate quality, sourcing materials locally where possible and addressing issues of recycling and sustainable transport. All this will help us reduce our overall carbon footprint and help raise awareness of environmental issues, thereby making a positive contribution to addressing climate change. these issues for artists, to help them address sustainability For the past twelve months Chrysalis has been working with through their practice and to begin dissemination of the Gaia Research from Edinburgh to develop an environmental findings our research has produced.

10 11 schools and colleges and there will be a complementary programme of community workshops. Keeping the National Park The plan is to locate an initial installation at Skipton Auction Mart. This will act as a gateway to the Trail and the Authority sustainable publicity material will encourage people to arrive by train, bus and bicycle and to move from the town of Skipton to There are lots of excellent reasons why Reducing this amount even by say 10% Park's responsibility. This was a fallacy the Auction Mart through Aireville Park. From the Auction the National Park Authority should be a is no easy task. In order to reduce the overturned by men such as our own Mart people will make their way to Strid Wood on the UK leader, in terms of environmental Authority's carbon footprint, a detailed Jerry Pearlman. Ken Willson and the Bolton Abbey Estate, where a series of installations will be sustainability. by implementing a range Action Plan has been prepared which late Arthur Cemmell when they fought sited on the Cumberland Trail and in the plantation area. of positive measures to minimise its deals with several different aspects of for real resources for the National Park The route from Skipton to Strid Wood will be via Embsay own impact on the natural and man the Authority's work. Suggested to take over the management of rights and Eastby. which is also the precise route of the Yorkshire made environment. After all. if the initiatives include installing wood fired of way in the 1970s and Bos. But the Dales Society's popular Sunday Cravenlink 884 bus service National Park doesn't practice what it stoves for the Dales Countryside massive 60% cut in Sunday and Bank between Skipton and llkley. preaches, what chance does it have of Museum and at Colvend, using low Holiday local bus provision in the persuading local residents and visitors energy lighting, showers and cycle Yorkshire Dales since 2006. on the very We plan to lay on a shuttle bus service from the Auction to curb their own carbon emissions and shelters to encourage cycling to work, days of highest demand, with whole Mart to Strid Wood, offering a park and ride facility, in environmental impacts? using recycled stationery, developing areas of the National Park and addition to the regular Sunday Cravenlink 884 bus between biodiversity initiatives on the Nidderdale AONB such as Swaledale. Skipton and llkley via The Strid, The Slow Art Bus will It is therefore extremely welcome to Authority's own property and much of Ribblesdale, Malhamdale. become part of the Trail with a live performance poet/ read that the Park Authority has set up encouraging sustainable travel. Quite Upper Nidderdale and Wensleydale storyteller on board to entertain and inform the travellers. its own Sustainability Working Group of rightly it is recognised that promoting now totally inaccessible without a car key officers and members with a view progress and achievement in these on Sundays even in high summer, The Installations will highlight current unsustainable trends, to producing what is in effect an Action fields also makes a valued contribution ensures that any attempt to reduce our such as resource scarcity, pollution and climate change, and Plan to achieve what is so eloquently which encourages further progress and ever growing transport-related the effects of these trends on places, landscape, agriculture, defined in the Bruntland Report as emulation by other bodies and emissions is doomed to abject failure in and human perceptions. The art will make comments on "sustainable development". This is agencies, as well as individuals. the Dales, Forget the planet - you've these changes, and effects. We hope the installations will defined as development that safeguards no choice. Forget equality of provide opportunities for interaction with the public at the needs of future generations by This is all excellent news, and the Park opportunity, another cornerstone of certain times and we want to engage with visitors about the minimising the use of non-renewable Authority is to be congratulated on true sustainability. Without a car you Chrysalis has a commitment to sharing knowledge and themes they explore. resources, but which also recognises these initiatives. Ultimately it may lead are now totally excluded from most of expertise with other artists so as to build capacity in the such related issues as social justice and to the Authority beginning to ask the Yorkshire Dales National Park at North Yorkshire arts economy and to expand its artistic, We'll also be encouraging the use of alternative forms of cultural diversity. questions about the wider issues within weekends and holidays. social and economic potential. High quality cultural tourism transport to the car and we'll be linking the Trail the National Park itself as a major attractions is another area that Chrysalis is involved in installations to other current events and initiatives across Some of the "targets" adopted by the leisure destination. As the Yorkshire Luckily it isn't just the Yorkshire Dales developing, Our aim is to run The Slow Art Trail in autumn the region and make synergies between them. Authority to achieve a more sustainable Dales Society has pointed out, with a Society and the Yorkshire Dales Public 2008 to help extend the tourist season and benefit the local future are external national or carbon footprint from visitors' cars of at Transport Users Group that sees these economy. But our overriding aim is to encourage visitors to international requirements or least 38.000 tonnes of C02 per annum, things this way. Chrysalis Arts, a YDS experience the journey - and the art - at a slow leisurely aspirations for public authorities. These achieving a 10% reduction in such Corporate Member, is leading the way The Slow Alt Trail will be achieved through a series of pace, making minimum environmental impact. include the Kyoto Protocol. Local Area emissions by vigorous sustainable travel with its Slow Arts Festival, a brilliant public art installations, with one installation undertaken by Agreements, the Nottingham policies to reduce car use in favour of Skipton based initiative linking the arts Chrysalis and five complementary installations developed For further information about the Slow Art Trail, contact Declaration for local authorities on walking, cycling and using a good, fully with environmental awareness, in by other artists working with, and managed by. Chrysalis, Chrysalis Arts at The Art Depot. Eshton Road. Gargrave. North climate change and a commitment by integrated and affordable public which walking, cycling, park and ride The Trail will also provide a series of training and Yorkshire BD23 3SE all National Parks in England to be transport network, would save 3,800 using a dedicated bus as well as local mentoring opportunities for a team of new and emerging Tel 01756 749222 carbon neutral" by 2012. But the tonnes - or more than six times the buses, including the Yorkshire Dales artists from North Yorkshire. In addition, we will also be Email [email protected] Authority is also suggesting additional total emissions of the Authority itself. Society's own Cravenlink, will feature developing links with local communities, businesses. For regular updates visit www.chrysali5arts.0rg.uk measures of its own. as an integral part of an imaginative This makes the act of cutting of the project to raise awareness of both the Key to everything is assessing and then National Park's own financial support arts and of environmental issues. Let's Donations and Legacies reducing carbon emissions and energy for recreational public transport to and hope the Park Authority's own Yorkshire Dales use, in terms of buildings, their heating within the National Park to virtually admirable work to get its house in and insulation, and personal travel. zero in 2008/9 ^^en more order will eventually extend to a WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK ALL MEMBERS WHO HAVE 'iel] For example it is estimated that in incomprehensible. The claim that recognition that the National Park RECENTLY DONATED TO THE YDS. 2006/7 officers, members and transport is not the Park's responsibility, needs a Sustainable Visitor Travel Plan, We so appreciate your financial assistance which enables us to continue our volunteers travelled 627,000 miles by when visiting the National Park is an backed by adequate financial resources, as a matter of urgency. It's nothing to total commitment to the heritage and future of the Yorkshire Dales. car on official business which created activity which is totally transport-based, 225 Tonnes of C02. out of a total of for is both simplistic and naive, and echoes do with budgets - it's a matter of Help to keep the Yorkshire Dales exceptional by giving a donation or by leaving a legacy. the Authority of 591 tonnes. Surprising, the equally fatuous claims made by political will, something currently sadly perhaps this figure does not include both officers and members a lacking. A gift in your Will is the way you could enable the Yorkshire Dales Society to achieve something that staff journeys to work, which you generation ago. (for those of us with will forever be your legacy. would expect to find in a Green Travel longer memories), that footpaths and Colin Speakman Plan, rights of way, now rightly seen to be For more information call Anne on 01729 825 600, central to the Park's work, were not the

12 13 Feedback, Queries and Comment Spring/Summer I

In what we hope will be a regular whenever we meet. I seek the help of Steeton. is truly in Airedale and Events 2008 series, we invite members to respond readers in finding a satisfactory answer. therefore in the Yorkshire Dales. This to issues of current interest in the The river is Ribble. not Ribbles. (One of well researched booklet looks at the Join fellow Yorkshire Dales Society members on what is Saturday, 28 June: Ribblehead to Review or affecting the Yorkshire the principal families was presided over Tarn's geology and origins, and its place guaranteed to be an enjoyable and informative full or Norton Linear Walk Dales. by Lord Ribblesdale), in the local history of this pait of the half day out in the Yorkshire Dales this Spring and 10.15am - 3.30pm: Leader John Osborne, Natural Airedale going back goo years. There Summer. England. Looking at flora, fauna and bird life. 7 miles. Keighley's Tarn - Bernard Peel are also interesting notes on the Tarn's Meet at Ribblehead Station, 08.49 train from Leeds and wildlife, and some remarkable historic Saturday, 10 May: Austwick Moss return 15.56 from Norton. The Stepping Stones at Bolton YDS office regular volunteer Bernard photographs. Available from Reid's 10.30am: Dalesbridge Centre (A65) Austwick, near Abbey Peel is a keen local historian and has bookshop. Cavendish Street. Keighley. Settle. Short walk led by Dr Paul Evans, Natural Monday, 07 to Sunday, 13 July written this fascinating study of price £3,50 or leave a message for Spotlight on Ingleborough Week John M. Sheard. former Agent to the Keighley Tarn which as Bernard claims, England to SSSI Austwick Moss. Bernard at the YDS Office, Ingleborough area, Ingleton Chatsworth estate at Bolton Abbey, being situated between Keighley and A week of events celebrating this unique area and comments: Yorkshire Dales Society Annual General Meeting its wonderful surroundings. The Stepping Stones 2.00pm: Dalesbridge Centre (A65) Austwick, near Natural England, YD Millennium Trust and YD "incident" (Winter Settle. See separate flyer for full details. National Park Authority. Review) appears to have For further information, Tel: 01904 435500 been witnessed by many Sunday, 11 May: Oxenber and Wharfe Woods www.naturalengland.org.uk members of the Society as 5/6 miles well as the general public. 10.30am; Park at Dalesbridge Centre. The walk will go Sunday, 20 July: National Trust Guided Walk to The Wharfe can - and along Wood Lane with a climb through Oxenber and Gavel Lead Mines does - rise very swiftly at Woods looking at numerous wild flowers. Then through 10.30am - 3.00pm: Meet at Buckden Car Park. 5 mile times, and this is well Wharfe Wood, down to Feizor and return to strenuous high level walk. known to local residents and especially fishermen, Dalesbridge. Saturday, 16 August: Geocaching at Ribblehead due presumably to heavy rainfall higher up the Friday, 13 June: Jazz and Barbeque Evening on the Viaduct dale. Fishermen always platform at Hellifield Station 10.15am - 03.30pm: Meet at Ribblehead Station 08,49 used to be warned that 7.30-9.15 pm: £10 including supper. Must book with train from Leeds and return 15.49 from Ribblehead, wading in the Wharfe YDS in advance. 17.56 train from Leeds and return Expert tuition by Pam Hickin from 'Yorkshire Dales could be very dangerous 21,23 from Hellifield. Guides Company' following her interesting article in and should always keep a January 2008 Review. Including GPS Trail. £15 per watch for the sudden Sunday, 15 June: YDNPA Bryson 'Byways' Guided person. Limited numbers, please book through YDS. increase in water flowing Walk down river. 11.00am - 3.00pm: Meet at Malham National Park Centre. Moderate 5.5 mile walk to Airton Note Your Diary: Why Ribblesdale? return via Kirkby Malham, Saturday, 06 September: Nidderdale Walk

Member A.T. from 10.30am: Meet at Riverside Bridge in Pateley, Walk Manchester writes: Leader John Hone,

Think of a Yorkshire Dale 2.15pm: Lecture "Bridges in the Yorkshire Dales" by and its two elements - Chris Wright, at Pateley Bridge Memorial Hall. Dale (from the Norse) preceded by the name of the river that flows down it - hence Wharfedale. Nidderdale, Swaledale. Wensleydale is an COMING SOON: exception, taking its name from a settlement, though "Yorkshire Dales Juniors" the old name Yoredale was from the river, which Watch out for Competitions, IS now the Lire. Events and Articles But why Ribblesdale, with the letter '' This query IS put to me by a friend

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Front Cover picture: Summit cairns on Wild Boar Fell. This is part Yorkshire Dales Society: of the magnificent hill-country that it is hoped will soon be The Yorkshire Dales Society. The Town Hall. Cheapside. included within the boundaries of the Yorkshire Dales National Settle. BD24 9EJ. Park - see Leading article. Photo by Colin Speakman. Telephone/Answerphone 01729 825600. Back Cover picture: Bluebell Wood, Aysgarth, Wensleydale. www.yds.org.uk Photo by Duncan Ward. See also - www.yorkshiredalesberitage.org.uk www.dalesandbowland.com

The Society is a Registered Charity No 515384. Printed by John Mason Printers. Park Avenue. Skipton.

Published by the Yorkshire Dales Society. Membership Subscription Rates Single Adult £15. Family/Couple £20 Views expressed in the YDS Review are not necessarily those of the Single Retired £12. Retired Couple £16. Affiliated £26. Corporate - category A £26. category B £52. Yorkshire Dales Society. Any confr/but/ons should be sent to the Editors at the Society's category C £100. address opposite. Please sign your Cift Aid form if you haven't already done so.

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