Newton Solney Conservation Area

Character Statement

2011

SOUTH DERBYSHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement

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Contents Contents ea Analysis Conservation Area Approaches Views Details Building Materials and Historic Development

Appendix Distinctive architectural details Conservation Area Map Conservation Area Description Loss and Damage    Area of Archaeological Potential Area of Archaeological Potential Conservation Ar  Introduction Summary Newton Solney Newton NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement Newton Solney area. Main Street, butthishas notbeentothe detr streets within the conservation area.Thereha 20   derived from twomain phasesofdevelopment: wealth wascreated frominterests inBurton,pa development by,andpatronageof, aristocratic familywithalanded estate.In The villagehas anestate character,but this is Every’s saleofthemanorialtitle andrights. sold offtoprivatefreeholdersfrom1799onwa Solney Egginton, lordofthemanorNewton the village.In thelate18 A complexpatternoflandownershipandredistributionhasinfluencedtheappearance of linear settlement pattern alongthisroute.Thevillagegrewextensivelyinthelate18 Newton Solneysitsonthemainroadbetween views. overlooking theTrentvalleyprovidedoppo of ahighlyselectresidential areaforwealth characterasanagricultu predominant Newton Solneydeveloped in associationwith a ma Trent andDove.Like manysettlements that Newton Solney sits onthesouthbank ofthe Summary 12th October 1978. The NewtonSolneyConservationAreawasdesign judgements onthemerits of enhancement. Thisdocumentwillbeused assesses thedegreeofdamage makes thecharacterandappearanceofNewton It Council. District Derbyshire Mel MorrisThis statementhasbeenproduced by Introduction 19 th th centuries. century development,although extensive, is c1860-c1900 (underthe Ratclifffamily) 1799-c1836 (undertheownershi Conservation Area Conservation

th century, mostlandin the village developmentapplications. setsoutthe special historic andarchitecturalinterest that to thatspecialinterestand new middleclassfamiliesinthe19 ral settlement was changedinthe 19 p ofAbrahamHoskins) 1 not,asonemightexpect,derivedfromalocal by the Council when y familiesfromBurton-on-Trent.Its location rtunities fornewhous Conservation for,andinassociationwith,South Conservation ReptonandBurton fact, the estate characterderives from River Trent, atthe confluence ofthe rivers rds, culminatinginthe1870swithSir Henry , butthe majority ofthe landwasgradually iment ofthe characteroftheconservation s alsobeen someinf ated by South Derbyshire District Council onated bySouthDerbyshire District Council rticularly brewing. The estate character is were established adjacenttothe River, largelyhidden fromview fromthe main

jor crossing point, in this casea ford.Its Solneyworthyof protection.Italso belongedto SirEdwardEveryof thus opportunitiesforfuture ill development along es with commanding making professional it isdominatedbya th th centurywhose century to that

th and LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement century largely brick-built brick-built century largely th guished by the former homes guished by the former century designed landscape, designed landscape, century th of the settlement. It has been carried settlement. of the had aspirations of enhancing their status of enhancing their status had aspirations ass both statutory designations (including s development was highly influenced by s development chaeologist and the Sites and Monuments activity during the medieval and/or post- the medieval during activity century rendered villa and picturesque century rendered re Sites and Monuments Record. It shows the It shows Record. and Monuments re Sites defined through an assessment of the known vation area in consultation with the County the with area in consultation vation th stinct areas of different character: of different character: stinct areas 2 century and it is distin century and it is century and early 20 and early century th th its appearance is dominated by two di two by is dominated its appearance buildings individual and quirky “money” from Burton in the 19 “money” from Burton Burton families, who of several well-to-do land through their buildings and being very close to Burton-on-Trent, it being very close

largely early 19 wooded, heavily - Newton Park; a modern housing, and incorporating 19 mix of early an eclectic village; the - housing housing, and 19 cottage orné   An area of archaeological potential has been archaeological, evidence documentary and plan-form out as part of the review of each conser Archaeologist, Development Control Ar the Council. County Record Officer at Derbyshire An area of archaeological potential may encomp non- other and and Gardens) Parks Registered Historic Monuments and Ancient Scheduled statutory site information from the Derbyshi probable extent of settlement and industrial Area of Archaeological Potential  The distinctive characteristics of Newton Solney can be summarised follows: as NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement household inthefirstplace. site ofthesettlement. In manycases, these norm inSouthDerbyshire tofindmedieval c expected inthisareawhilethehallstood. Thesiting between Rock Houseand themainroad.Intensive development would not,therefore, be survey suggests thatthehallgroundscovere House almostcertainly marksthesiteofformer ManorHouseorHall.The 1758 crossing fordswasacommonexperiencefor remember thatTrentLane wouldhavebeenanessential thoroughfare inthepast, when Although the church seems atfirstremovedfrom would havetakenservices The AugustiniancanonsofReptonPriory from havingtotraveltheparishchurch. parishioners couldworshiptosavethem 1271. A“chapelofease”wasonewhere such chapelsownedbyReptonPrioryin is noevidence thatthe villagehadany indust Unlike otherSouthDerbyshirevillages onthe times the Trent wouldhave beennavigable, but location byafordatthe confluence oftwori There seems littledoubt thatthedevelopmentofNewtonSolneywasrelated toits Historic Development Conservation AreaAnalysis conservation area. an areaofarchaeologicalpotentialneednot Over the centuries, assettlem below ground. evidencerelatingtothemediev archaeological potential Within theareaofarchaeological medieval periods. 12 overlooking theTrent.Itwas originallya village attheendofChurchLane, church, whichstandstothenorthof The oldestbuildingin thevillageis (also laterspelt Sulene, SolnyandSulney). 1300, afterthedeSolenifam (an OldEnglishwordmeaningNewFarm).It The nameNewtonSolneyisderivedfromtwosources.ItwasfirstrecordedasNiwantune related toitswaterfrontlocation. river fortransportinggoods,andthepattern of th century“chapelof ease”, oneofeight foreachchapel. ily, whoownedthemanor.The ents growanddevelop,their 3 churches wereprobably setupbytheprincipal hurches alongsidetheprincipalmedieval house ries orwharvesassociat necessarily coincide with the boundaryofthe river (e.g.Swarkestoneand Willington) there al and/orpostmedievalperiods maysurvive vers – the Dove and the Trent.Atcertain there maybereasonableexpectationthat had acquired the “Solney” suffix by around had acquiredthe“Solney”suffixbyaround development in thevillage is notobviously it waspronetomassiveseasonalvariations. d some8½acres,probablyinthearea travellers onhorseback.Moreover,Rock the restofthe village, it is importantto ofthechurchisnosurprise,asit focus mayshift.Consequently, family wasof Normandescent ed with the use ofthe LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement rliament was passed in order was passed in order rliament line of descent of the manor from the line of descent of the manor from the held jointly by one lord, Algar, but by held jointly by one lord, Algar, in ownership, which it is useful to in ownership, which it is useful through marriage to the Every family in family through marriage to the Every of this park is not not is park this e location and extent of t, and hence its appearance today, is appearance its and hence t, own to to exist, there are some interesting own to to exist, there are some interesting ey and Burton, or perhaps to enable a -on-Trent, one of the Trustees for the sale one of the Trustees -on-Trent, sidence at Newton Solney, both during and both during Solney, sidence at Newton e two islands, probably downstream of the of the land on offer and set about creating a set about creating on offer and of the land unty maps. The present Newton Park was Park Newton maps. The present unty developed a deer-hunting park, which woulddeveloped a deer-hunting park, new house there. Other wealthy gentlemen, there. Other new house fundamentally and permanently changed by the changed by permanently and fundamentally map of 1836, between the two rivers. There map explain the village’s current appearance. canalise the water upstream to make a navigable upstream to make a navigable canalise the water 4 ere in 1799, when an Act of Pa when an Act ere in 1799, century, and there is no evidence that this was the location of the was that this evidence no is there and century, th century, with a demonstrable unbroken century, with a th the early 17 the original hunting park. The manor of Newton Solney was handed down de Solneys. by Wyatt (DRO D5762/2). survey of the Every estate a detailed in village was In 1758, the accompanying map is not kn Although, sadly, the existed These islands no longer exist. are described, but these “at the weir” Two islands for a long time and are shown on an estate th was a ford crossing at this point between to may have been designed weir. The weir Soln stretch of the Trent between Newton a mill downstream. of water to power controlled supply facts in the written document, which help to the written facts in picturesque landscape as a setting for his for his a setting landscape as picturesque the village, later took up re employed outside lifetime. after Hoskins’ The the community. trades supporting a number of typical local village There were also brick-making, was principal industry small in its scale of quite but this was 1871 John Marbrow, operation - in was manufacturer, brick the local and 1 boy at employing 6 men his which “Newton Brickyard”, to said relative William Hopkins is since have worked as a manufactory by 1811. Previously, it was worked estate part of their as family the Every “in hand”, and was the only property had kept after everything the Everys now sold. The site is else was occupied by the houses called House. Newton Hill and Newton developmen The history of Newton Solney’s pattern of change interwoven with a complex and Bretby were understand. In 1066 both Newton with the Newton part being held by was split, by the Crown, probably 1204 the manor Alured de Solenneia. de Sulneys During the medieval period the fence or “pale”. Th have been surrounded by a known and it does not appear on early Co 18 the of at the end created of the Newton Solney estate, took first pick took first pick Solney estate, of the Newton The agricultural character of the village was of the village character The agricultural break-up of the Every estate th of the Every estate break-up Hoskins of Burton its sale. Abraham to permit NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement covered inbuildings,withshallowclaypitsto identified as “Brick Works”onthe firstedition Ordnance Survey map, andthe site was the south-east ofthe conservationarea(now south ofthe house. prospect was created towards theriver Trent.The extensive farmbuildings layimmediately the house,publicroad was re-alignedand 17), mentionsagrotto, one ofonly Agriculture andMinerals ofDerbyshire(1811- the walledkitchengarden. JohnFarey,inhis West ofthehousewere the lakesandsunken Park muchasweseethemtoday.BladonCa andlandscapeofNewton laidouttheessentialframework ofthegardens Abraham Hoskins present NewtonParkHotel. home. Fortunatelytheyhadnot had beencontenttosee included inthe1799 auction,andre-workedthem as his new Having changedhisplan,Hoskinsboughtanexistingoldfarmhouseandbuildingsthathe as BladonCastle. banqueting housewasbuiltther plans drawnbyJeffryWyatt,butforsome his newhouse. Hoskins’ originalintention wa each otherin1798and1800,whichhelandscaped Abraham Hoskinstookfirstpick oftheestate, the brickworksandRockHouse. subsequent sales.By the Newton Solneyestate.Alargeauction Trent, wasoneofthreelegalguardiansappointe 1786, theestatewasinfi manufacture wastakingplacein the village during themid18 “Brickiln Yard”andPiece”aredescri the villageby1750s,suchadeclinewouldnot besurprising. little statusorhadbeendemolishedbythisti The twoHall Yardshadseparatetenantsin1758, with anorielwindow. when itwas stillfreestanding asatallsemi-c House. Awatercolourofcirca1789inpossessionSirHenryEvery showsthetower Rock Tower”.Toweristhetowerstru survey inturnbeforetheChur “Hall Orchard”andtwoseparatepiecesea river. The fordgaveaccessto thecommonpasturecalle present NewtonParkFarminthemid19 Hoskins aspartofhissecondacquisitionin By thetime thatthenine-year-old 9 (Newton House).There aresomevestigial site ofthe brickworks hasbeenredevelo century maps. Bythe time ofthe second editio 1818 thepropertywasallsoldwith nancial difficulties.AbrahamHoskins,anattorneyfromBurton on ch Yard. Thisisfollowed by“HallBarnYardwithBarnsand e instead,later enlargedto been soldattheauction,and five he lists in the county, th Baronetinheritedthe manorofNewtonSolneyin th century, but Hoskins’ house still survives as the century, butHoskins’housestillsurvivesasthe earthworks inthefield tothewest. 5 ped andisnowoccupiedbyalargehouse me. GiventhelongdominanceofEverysin astellated building on the banks of the Trent, astellated buildingonthebanksofTrent, ch called“HallYard” 1800. Thefarmbuildings werere-sitedatthe took placeinDecember1799,withfurther the west.It wasalsoidentifiedonearly19 stle, on thehill, wasprobablybuiltin1805. s to buildhisnewhouseonBladonHill,to calledNewton Hill),marks thesite. Itwas bed inthe1758survey, reason thiswasnotbuiltandafolly stream, withtufa-lined pathsandferns, acquiring twolargeblocksoflandadjoining n OSmap,thishadst cture thatis nowincorporatedintoRock d toacton hisbehalf,includingthesaleof sunk downtohideit, and anattractive perhaps suggestingthattheHallitselfhad d TheHargate,onthe northsideofthe asanewparktoprovide asettingfor becomethehousenowknown just a few exceptions, including including exceptions, afew just th but ithasvanished.North of century. BrickyardFarm, to were therefore availableto are listedinthe1758 opped working. The opped working.The indicating thatbrick th

LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement century th liff and Gretton Ltd). Ltd). liff and Gretton e Sale Particulars of 1836 e Sale Particulars llage an “estate” character, of Chesterfield presumablyof Chesterfield ve actually owned anything. ve actually owned anything. r Henry Every. Then, Ratcliff Ratcliff r Henry Every. Then, was Calvert Worthington in Worthington was Calvert es include the West Lodge at the West Lodge es include century with a brick and stone th nt and in the 1879 Electoral Register Electoral Register nt and in the 1879 the brow of Bladon Hill to the west of west of the brow of Bladon Hill to the Newton Park, was sold to the Earl of to the Earl of Park, was sold Newton rently always intended to lease the house. to lease the intended rently always g going on in the village over the 40 years sh stocks, and constructing new retaining retaining new and constructing sh stocks, ily (now in a private collection) show that that show a private collection) ily (now in g pedigree (Bass, Ratc g appear to have been redeveloped by one appear to have been redeveloped ork, built in Flemish bond (with paler pink/ there until his death in 1871 and the last in 1871 death his there until ederick Ratcliff and his family. The Ratcliffs Ratcliffs family. The ederick Ratcliff and his e local scene. By 1876 (Kelly’s Directory) e local scene. By 1876 (Kelly’s en Samuel Ratcliff built Cliff House in 1860 in 1860 en Samuel Ratcliff built Cliff House the stream recorded in the photograph still the stream recorded in the photograph and moulded brickwork, decorative tumbled and moulded brickwork, decorative tumbled re one landholding in 1850 – a farmhouse and incorporating gothic arches as a freestanding incorporating gothic arches as corded in the photographs, with rustic timber with rustic in the photographs, corded block and grooms accommodation as well as a but the same common bricks and details used 6 come; Beehive Cottage, Gretton House (54 Main Main House (54 Gretton Cottage, come; Beehive at nearby Bretby Hall). Th at nearby Bretby from the Earl of Chesterfield. Earl of Chesterfield. from the parts of the village. 19 e Ratcliffs redeveloped parts ily to reside at Newton Park ily to reside at Newton rthingtons never appear to ha lordship of the manor from Si s replaced in the early 20 the in s replaced A terrace of three cottages between the post office and No. and post office the cottages between of three A terrace tate (DRO D2293/1/1). The Earl tate (DRO D2293/1/1). common characteristics give the vi These new “estate-type” properti (whose country seat was seat (whose country 1 Abraham Hoskins (the attorney’s son) was still on the electoral register as the owner of the freehold of of the freehold as the owner register electoral the was still on son) attorney’s (the Hoskins Abraham

1 Newtonpark in 1839 on the Newton Park buildings. brickwork, red clay tiles. Park and the stable Newton to the entrance number of properties in the village. Street and the village shop we Nos. 6-10 Main farmbuildings surrounding a small yard. They owner, using three different building styles member of the Worthington fam member of the band of dentilled buff headers), a distinctive wanted to consolidate his landholding but he appa wanted to consolidate family (a well-knownthe Worthington to 1873 Newton Park was let Between 1840 and William Worthington stayed brewing family). vaca 1874 and 1879 the place was 1873. Between Stapenhill although his place of abode was listed as the freehold owner, Robert Ratcliff is must have moved in. his family until 1882, when brewin family came from a wealthy The Ratcliff was wh village Their first involvement in the on the Trent overlooked (now demolished), which by Fr was then occupied This Newton Park. in th gradually increased their predominance Robert Ratcliff had bought the the Ratcliff fam photographs to which belonged of the Park and buildings before carrying out major the family recorded the appearance lake (removing a large earthwork which separated the repairing the works, in particular of fi two sections of the lake for management is re walls). A thatched rustic summerhouse in conjunction with somebeen designed This had posts supporting the open front. stand) still walls (part of which crenellated bridge over picturesque ensemble. The small survives but the remainder wa (now a listed building). traceried summerhouse estate-type buildin a large amount of There was estate Chesterfield the either been have must It not clear. although who was responsible is the Wo family, as or the Ratcliff details include; soft red brickw Shared building between 1860 and 1900. The show the full extent of the es show the full extent Castle bought Newton Park and Bladon th Between about 1860 and 1900 Hoskins also developed a number of properties on the edge of the village, just within the the just within edge of the village, on the a number of properties also developed Hoskins in leasehold provide an additional Park, to Street), Cedar House and The Lodge. House and The Cedar Street), Abraham Hoskins’In 1839 land, incorporating Chesterfield NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement village as the taller buildings sitattheeaster narrow entranceinto thevillage. Thesebuildin farmbuildings ofTrentFarm andGrangeFarm,wh Scots Pine (tothe south) anda largesyca In thisapproach, theconservation area hasa verges. The boundaryoftheconservationarea housing developmentliningbothsidesofth defines thelimitsofbuiltframeworkth farmhouse facingeast.Thiswas onceslightly The approachintoNewtonSolneyfrom Approaches period, NewtonParkHouseopenedasanhotel. grounds ofNewtonPark,togetheramounting tonearlyninetyhouses.Duringthesame developments were laidoutoffBlacksmith’sLa ofdevelopmentcameinthe1960s,whensubstantial new The nextmajorphase section ofBurtonAbbey,andsomeothero The familyembellisheditwithsalvaged architecturalfeatures;anarchfromBurtonbridge,a park, buildingupontheinfrastructurethatalre which still survives. Bythis timeRobert garden, andby1900thegardenparkhadbeen By 1880allofthebuildingstosouthand involvement. TheRatcliffsaddedfurtherbuildings atNewtonParkFarmin1890. worked atNewtonPark,anditis quitepo and afarmasseparateconcerns.Henry Stevens bought theestatearound1840,ashewouldno business fromthehouse.Thisperhaps became farm buildingsatNewtonParkHousecouldbe extended to servethenew buildings.Thenew laneoffMainStreetwas ParkFarm.Anexisting Newton Park,nowknownas At an unknown date in the mid 19 Almshouses (Sunnyside)in1950. family builttheVillageHall,incorporatingari Street, alsosharesthesecommonfeatures,asdo now occupiedbytwomodernproperties;10 8 (Ivydene)wasdemolishedbut The Unicorn Public House, Repton Road Public House,ReptonRoad The Unicorn th century,anewmodelfarm originally partofthis group. Ratcliff hadredevelopedthegardenswithin dd decorative remnants fromotherbuildings. Repton isdistinguishedbyalate18 7 ssible thatthe newfarmwas thecause ofhis n endof each range.Thelackof windows or removed fromthe rest ofthe village, but now fle range, in 1932 and also the War Memorial fle range,in1932andalsotheWarMemorial distinctive entrance formed bya clump oftall e street, characterise ne (the “RiversideDevelopment”)andinthe farm wascreated in orderthatthe extensive e village.Behind this tothewest is modern lies attheend ofthis modernhousing. more (tothenorth) and thelong brick ady existed (walledgarden,lakeand trees). and 12Main Street. The Unicorn, onMain west ofthehousehadbeenreplacedbya removed,therebysevering theagricultural gs workeffectively as necessarywhentheEarlofChesterfield the Derbyarchitect is rumouredtohave doubt finditeasierto letacountryhouse es TheCroft. We know thatthe Ratcliff ich line both sidesoftheroad,creating a seamlessly joined together with a ha-ha, seamlesslyjoinedtogetherwithaha-ha, was builttothesouthof Thebackofthis site is d by well-kept broad a gateway into the agatewayintothe th century LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement down to the River. down to the River. century evergreen and th century house. From here th where farm groups a gateway form Eastern approach to conservation area valley to the Peak District in the distance. in the distance. Peak District valley to the View of Bladon Castle from Newton Park es and to the west by a largely hedge-lined by a largely hedge-lined es and to the west conservation area map included in this conservation area map included re specific views that are likely to impress to impress likely re specific views that are h of the B5008, leading h of the B5008, leading ridge and follows hedgerows until it reaches ridge and follows hedgerows until ance. The heavily wooded setting of Newton of Newton ance. The heavily wooded setting 8 rk grounds is largely hidden. rk grounds is largely hidden. enriched by the mixture of 19 enriched by the mixture ed limes and specimen trees, such as Araucaria. This is a This is Araucaria. as trees, such ed limes and specimen visitor’s experience of the conservation area. Some of the conservation area. Some the of experience visitor’s is wide context the wide context is there are extensive views across the whole Trent across the views there are extensive a themselves most strongly in in the are included referred to viewpoints document. that characteristics the of One Newton Solney from other distinguishes the is the district conservation areas in importance of long views from outside village the conservation area across the and long distance views from the village to far horizons. In th major landmarks are Bladon Castle, the River and the ridgeline tree-covered Trent. There are long views of Newton Solney from Repton to the east across the fields. The road then descends into the village along a deep cutting embanked to the east by a to embanked cutting a deep along the village into descends The road then by hedg a sandstone wall, both topped brick then Views and more views, both close-range of changing area has a multitude Every conservation This comprehensively in a document of this scope. expansive, too numerous to cover section describes a selection of general and mo broadleaved planting, providing year-round cover and interest. A statuesque Cedar of cover and interest. year-round broadleaved planting, providing Lebanon sits alongside large-leav nort the meadow landscape to the open foil to Newton Pa within The development from the From Bretby the road drops down 19 mid Hill, a substantial Newton the brow of the hill near embankment. doors, and the plain blank elevations is an elevations is the plain blank doors, and the character of foil to the open important The eastern area that follows. conservation south the on enclosed is Street part of Main wall softened a coursed sandstone side by wide grass verge, lining the by a hedge and frontage to Grange Farm. The road southwards creating a gradually sweeps the triangular meets it broad space where Bretby Lane. grassy junction with road descends from theFrom Burton the to with broad views up Hill, brow of Bladon to the and down right the the ridge on spoilt by left, which is only River on the the dist in views of Willington power station Park to the south of the B5008 is Park to the south of the B5008 NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement brickwork has beenkeyed-in,slightly clumsily, atthefrontand back. which hasbeenre-fronted. This isquite A goodillustrationofthe differentcolouredbr    There aretwodistinctive characteristics inthelocal brickwork: Brickwork is supplementedbyphotographs, toprovideasnapshotof the localvernacular details. special andtypicaltraditionalbuildingdetails used in local building details is intricately li appearance ofNewtonSolney.Therange Local geologyandavailabilityofbuilding Building MaterialsandDetails pollarded limes. between twoclustersofsycamoresandanavenue of thechurchanditsspirealongChurchLaneframed The mostintimate andenduringviewwithinthe villageisthat moving throughthepark. landscape, wouldhavebeenmore prominentthantoday,on Gretton House,withits verandahlinkingthebuilding withthe small cottageorné.Theorigin landscape, and in NewtonSoln gardening incorporatedanumberoffeatureswithinthe park areimportantasthemorenaturalstyleoflandscape towards thebuildingmay nowbe obscured. Viewswithinthe creepers. Asaresult, some ofthe originallyconceived views impact ofthebrickcastellations has beenpa From NewtonParkthelongviewsofBladon can justbeseen inthedi bends where itmeetstheDove. AglimpseofRo fallsawaytothe River,the northopenmeadowgradually which is prominent asit panorama ofmaturetrees,manyevergreen village fromthesaddleofBlad From Burton, arriving intheotherdirection, sweep upon either side inthe foregroundtoframethebuilding. the red brick castellated follysits making the most ofits picturesque roofline.The trees the backdropforadramaticfolly,BladonCastle rather thanastrategiclocation. The tree-lined lying valleyonlandthat sitsjust above theRi The village nestles (unlike otherridge-line settl emphasise thebondingpattern Paler brickworkinFlemishbond,wherethe contrasting colours oftheheaders Difference incolourgivesthebu A fairlyuniform deepred/orangecolour,mellowedwithage stance throughthetrees. ey thiswasextendedtothe al viewoftheornamental on Hill. Here its ruralsetting its Here on Hill. ildings reliefand addedinterest 9 nked with localidentity. Appendix1 liststhe encountered within the conservation area,and obvious onthegable ends wherethelater and specimen trees,withinNewtonPark.To materials directlyinfluencedtheformand there arelongexpansiveviews down into the Castle areextremelyimportantalthoughthe materialsandthewayinwhichtheywere ements tothesouthofTrent) in alow- ver Trent, reflecting its agriculturalorigins, ridgebehind the village,BladonHill,forms rtially obscured by later treegrowth and . Herethereis a break in thetrees in which ickwork can beseenat 16-18MainStreet, ck House, whichsits at the water’s edge,

is most evident, witha LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement Village Hall Hall Village decorative details such as as such details decorative e of a stepped brick verge, century brickwork was used century brickwork th ). This is used in the outbuildings to The outbuildings the used in ). This is d to the joints. In some cases the bricks In some cases the bricks d to the joints. jority of cottages and the simplest and ed on more substantial houses. It required more substantial houses. It required ed on as corbelled eaves, some plain with several several eaves, some plain with corbelled as (2-4 Main Street and Rose Cottage, Repton Repton Cottage, and Rose Street Main (2-4 other or dentilled brickwork (e.g. The Old brickwork (e.g. The Old other or dentilled undary walls, for copings and nosings, banding copings and undary walls, for 10 and Bretby Cottages, Bretby Lane). and Bretby Cottages, Bretby Lane). er to “rub” the bricks together. er ples of these details (see appendix). details (see appendix). ples of these te the illusion of a joint; and te the illusion of a joint; and century buildings is the us th Solney bricks are used for many used are Solney bricks The “Higgott” Almshouse, Main Street found used for cills, as a found used for cills, century blue bricks started to be blue bricks century th the segmental brick arch, used on the ma on used brick arch, the segmental confine easiest to construct as the taper was to crea joint incised have a “false” the gauged brick arch (with a flat soffit) us special bricks and a skilled bricklay more creatively and in Newton in and more creatively stacks and porches, and for chimney corbelled and dentilled verges, “tumbled” in brickwork There are many exam decorative bands. later 19 in Another detail emulated (The Retreat at No. 26 Main Street as can be found cottages 3, 4 and 5 Trent Lane. Unicorn and the group of and doors in Newton Solney: above the windows of brick arch used There are two types   Brickwork is used for structural details such such details for structural used Brickwork is are laid diagonally. In the later 19 Road), where the bricks on chimney stacks and in combination with other coloured bricks in polychromatic polychromatic in bricks other coloured with combination in on chimney stacks and Almshouses brickwork (e.g. The “Higgott” the courses of brick projecting one above a to create the alternating header bricks project Vicarage and 15-31 Main Street), where brickwork or sawtoothed effect, decorative introduced into Newton Solney. These were Newton introduced into where a harder and small quantities, in only used they were was required and more durable brick by road or rail from the brought into Burton can be “potteries”. They course, low “dwarf” bo proof or damp plinth The Village Hall, designed by the architect Arthur Arthur by the architect Hall, designed The Village design is a one-off built in 1932, Eaton and colours of brickwork, four different incorporating surface character and it a unique which gives pattern. red and pink bricks, during the As well as local mid to late 19 NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement later introduction, although itiscloser inch are alsocoursed butapalergrey-brown sandst along thesouthernside ofMain Street that runs the wallsoneitherside of reddish brownsandstone, suchas thoserunni The predominantcharacterofthelocal stone different characteristics,whichmay forming therevetmentwallsrunningalong Lane andFarm Lane,therubblestonelowboundarywallstopropertiesonTrentLaneand Stone canbefoundinthebound The onlycomplete stone buildingthat survivesisthechurch. was usedasaplinthorincombinationwith timber-framed buildingshasbeenremoved. There isnoevidencethat stonewasacommon Stonework practice thatoriginatedinlimewashing to provideadditionalweatherprotection. There areanumberofvernacularbrickbuildin Cottage -TheEnd,bothofwhichar There area fewinstancesofthe use ofblue simple weatheringpropertiesofthe brickwork,even onthemoresubstantialproperties. In combinationwith the brickarches, stone ci seen inplaces likeTicknall andRepton. enlarged. Gaugedbrickwasgenerallyreserved 5 MainStreet(Mercia)hasgaugedbricklintels,althoughthewindowopeningshavebeen encasing amuchearlier structure. Interestingly, thegeneral formandorientation     in timber, concreteorsteel. Manyof theseha Other buildingsofasimilardateappeartohave disguised byrender. Segmental lintelsarealsousedatHollyshade lintel, providing thesupport required. wall-plate couldbecarriedoverthewindow, Blacksmith’s Lane.Ontheuppermostfloorthere Street, Rose Cottage–ReptonRoad,Hillsid at TheBrickmakersArmsan and windows,inassociationwithtimber lintels Segmental arches(ofasingleheadercourse 7 MainStreet. Vine CottageandHollyCo The Old Bakehouse, MainStreet Green Bank Cottage,Bretby Lane the B5008roadatNewton Park d the attached terraceof ttage, TrentLane,and ary walls, particularlythose retaining thefieldson Bretby indicate several quarrysources. e probablylatermodifications. 11 aracter tothe stoneused fortheearlypartof chamfered brick,e.g.TheRetreatand Hillside ve alsobeenrendered - 1TrentLane,andNos.34TheSquare, of brickwork) used over ground floor doors doors of brickwork)usedovergroundfloor sometimes supplemented byasimpletimber ng alongtheeasternside ofFarmLane, and boundary wallsisthinly-beddedandcoursed B5008 atNewton Park,butthesehavevery forusethegranderhouses,ascanbe at firstfloorlevelund lls werenotnormallyused, relyingonthe intoBretby Laneandthose onBretby Lane losttheiroriginal lintels,probablyreplaced e Cottage - The End, and The Forge - e Cottage-TheEnd, andTheForge- one andlargerblocks, appeartobea building material. Any evidence that stone building material.Anyevidencethatstone of VineCottagesugge was oftennoneedfor gs withinthevillage workers cottages -15-31Main . Theboundarywallsrunning inrecent years; er eaves can be found er eavescanbefound that arepainted,a sts thatitmaybe a bricklintelasthe LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement century, and under century, and under th th so many railings in tact so many railings in th century properties. th stone lintels, most chamfered most chamfered stone lintels, semi-coursed grey sandstonesemi-coursed Railings at Mercia, 5 Main Street

th on Solney. There is at least one instance on Solney. There is at least one s and stone cills (e.g. 6-8 Main St, 3, 4 and Main cills (e.g. 6-8 s and stone ttage – Trent Lane), and are covering up and are covering ttage – Trent Lane), ire blue clay tiles being manufactured today,ire blue clay tiles being manufactured tiles also incorporate subtle fluctuations in incorporate subtle fluctuations tiles also in the case of Vine Cottage, possibly timber- in the case of Vine g on the rear roof slope of the terrace 15-31g on the rear roof slope of the ing pebbledash or wet-dash, are modern (e.g. ing pebbledash or Much of this seems to post-date the in-vogue in-vogue the post-date to seems this Much of as well as the other more rare examples. as well as the other more rare 12 vary between 35 and 45 degrees, a requirement a requirement and 45 degrees, 35 vary between There are a large number of smooth rendered are a large number of smooth There century houses, and combine wrought-iron railings th century tend to all have tend century th House and The Unicorn). By the 20 House and The easily imported into the area after the Trent and Mersey and Trent after the area the easily imported into by Lane, has some walls of walls of has some by Lane, and other places had such losses, but it may be a result of it may be and other places had such losses, but local landownership. Some of these railings relate to the early 19 Cedar House and finials (The Old Vicarage, with cast-iron The Lodge). Unlike neighbouring Repton, Newton Solney has many in-situ. It is not clear why oneoriginal railings surviving wi have survived should settlement used on a number of the late 19 to his Regency buildings in by Abraham Hoskins into his render to field boundaries, as in to field boundaries, as in century, the best surviving example being at the being at example century, the best surviving areas of the village also Higgot Almshouses. Some have an estate character maintained by the use of estate-type railings and gates Church Lane. tiles clay with The roof pitches associated blue clay handmade of the material. Original new Staffordsh colour, which is not found in the at Mercia (5 exists example of railings A most unusual on railings Main Street). The practice of providing top of a low plinth wall continued into the later 19 Railings canal opened in 1777. These are common in Newt canal opened in 1777. These are examples important to preserve these so it is Roofing Materials Staffordshire blue clay tiles were rubble, again probably a later introduction. later introduction. probably a rubble, again 19 during the late erected Buildings being were as 1 Main Street houses such movement, and Crafts Arts of the the influence cills. built with tiled window Trent Co Cottage and Vine Vicarage, The Old was intended to be seen, or, brickwork, which framing or a combination of materials. finish. more authentic traditional buildings, a introduction of stucco and Newton Park. tiles survivin of traditional hand-made red clay are clay tiles Red Main Street. Render renders, incorporat textured The instances of the church. The End, off Bret The End, the church. and many combined with chamfered brick reveal chamfered brick combined with and many Lodge, Rock 5 Trent Lane, West NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement visible indirect view fromthecoach road(B enshrouded intreesand shr coach-house rangeofbuildings, of thelisted buildings.Themainsurvivingdoorsarepanelled,mostlyfound onthelate19 same locationasitis today, serving thehotel. Origin The principal entrancetothePark wasbyasw Scots Pine, providingashelter-beltandwell-defined edge. To theeast and south, the families. the restofNewtonPark.Itbecame there supplemented withotherbuildingsandcottages andbecamecompletelyself-containedfrom the ridgenexttoroad.Thislodgeservedon prominent landmark today.Its tiny lodgewith curtain wallformingastageset, skyline,anditisthissheerlengthsize,mostofwhich isaparapet runningalongthe converted into ahouse.Thebuilding incorpor be seeninlongviewsfromwithinthepark conservation areaboundary.Itwasbuilt,probab Bladon CastlestandsonHilloverlookin coach-house, andgardener’sgamekeeper’sbuildings. incorporating housingdevelopmentofth This areacontains BladonCastle AREA 1–NewtonPark Conservation Area Description are onlyahandfuloftraditionaldoorssurvivingfromthe19 (27 MainStreet)hasasurvivingpeggedframe, the village. For instance, in the terracedrow Nos.15-31MainStreet,onlyAmber Cottage With theexception of thelisted buildings,there Joinery Association. Therearealsoseveral conversionsofthelate19 development, builtc1966-67, south andwest.Theremainder Group,and the ownershipofRamadaHotel west andnorthhavebeenretainedaspastur division inlandownershipremainsmore-or-lessthesametoday.Thefieldsto south, property untilitssalebyauti developer, andtheremainderwassoldasfarmingland.Blad immediate groundsbecominganhotel.Part The NewtonParkestatewaseventuallybr kitchen garden,andsome more re plank doors,ofwhichoneexamplesurvivesprovidingaccesstoarearyard. of thispattern.Terraceslikethebrickmakers’ cottagesmayhavestarted offlifewithsimple century buildings,incorporating simplebead perimeter ofthePark isde ubberies, sothatthefront el on in1972followingthedeathofMrs.O.M.Ratcliff.This which is now managed by Newton Park Residents whichisnowmanagedbyNewtonParkResidents to thewestofhouse (now demolished).Thehousewas of thegardenhas been sub-di thatcreated alargeimpact in cent housing tothesouth-east. andthe majorityofNewtonPark, 13 oken uparound1960,withthehouseand its 5008). Theexpansionof thehotelhasinvolved mouldings, and there areseveral permutations sidence of a succession of prominent Burton sidence ofasuccessionprominent and thevillage,shortlyafterwardsitwas e byalocalfarmer.Thehouseisnow under cast-iron Gothicwindows sits onthetopof partofaformercasementwindow. There e 1960s,builtpartly ates squaremocktowers andacastellated eeping drivenorth-east of thehouse,in g NewtonParktothe also containstheimmediategardensto ly BladonCastle.Eventually the castlewas of theparkland wassoldtoa housing is verylittlesurvivingtraditional joineryin ly in1805,asafolly,an “eye-catcher”,to fined byrowsoflate19 ally, itcontinuedaround to evation andnothingmore was th century, withtheexception on Castleremained Ratcliff vided intoaprivatehousing longviews.Itisstilla th etr stable-block, century within theformer east, andsitsonthe th century a th

LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement century, with a brick th om the B5008, one of e up to the front elevation, this entrance is indicated by ival of the mediaeval open field system ke it still less intrusive it was sunk in a other, which is new, inserted just to the raight drive and was adjacent to the West West the to was adjacent raight drive and d have been designed so that the retaining retaining d have been designed so that the pact and exuberant character of the original of the character exuberant pact and has two entrances fr has two which is very plain and prominent in views and prominent plain which is very 14 ish bond brickwork of the late 19 rolled access. The location of in the creation of Georgian parklands, because it was not of the house used to run clos age and on the north side of the B5008 still retains prominent century. Ridge and furrow frequently survives where arable century. Ridge and furrow frequently survives where th sibility for farm traffic. for sibility dentilled band and stone dressings. band and stone dentilled housing development in the park The modern which was an original minor access track and an are quite elegant an east of West Lodge. Both with no change in character. from the main road, walls continue The open field west of the vill ridge and furrow earthworks, an important surv 18 which survived until the land was converted to grassland smoothened by subsequent ploughing. The main road on the north side but in 1809 it was moved further away. To ma but in 1809 it was moved further small section has brown sandstone. One thinly-bedded retaining walls of cutting, lined with been lowered to improve vi Newton Park House itself was probably built as a good quality, spacious farmhouse by the removal of much shrub planting and the construction of a rendered accommodation of a rendered the construction and planting of much shrub the removal elevation, main north-east of the the block to from the approach drive and has diluted the im from the approach drive and has villa. st had a long closed, now entrance, The second Lodge. By 1880 this building cont the unusual wedge-like shape of the wall in front of this building. West Lodge stands largely building. West Lodge wall in front of this the the unusual wedge-like shape of Flem red the pale in unaltered, built NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement historic parkland features. flexibility in adaptingthehouseplans towork have anirregularplanform,whichcreatesdiffe flat roofs,horizontaleavesle ofmaterialsandcolours.They uniform palette The buildings containedwithin the privatees setting. and, foritstime,showsaremarkablelevelof from publicview.ItwasdesignedbyNotting The NewtonParkEstate,withinandaround 1809. Itsformer appearanceisrecorded in village farmhouse,whichstoodontheMainStr The buildinghasastrongVictoriancharacte so namedfromthecollection distance totheeastofitisformergar kitchen gardenisaVictorianc form ofthe1960shousingdevelopmentthathas West ofthehouse,lake, stream, trees and It mayalsohavebeenintendedsimply the treesto better advantage, asexemplified by J.C.Loudon’s DerbyArboretum of1840. man-made mound.This“moundplanting”mayha Immediately north-westofthehouseisaplan extent byrhododendronswhichhavebeen with moredistantviewsacrossa south elevationoverlooksaformalgardencreate extension, enhancedwithadecorativecast Ratcliff entirely covered the southside of and outbyRobertRatcliffaround1880. storeys high, is still the same building, butwa to lengthenthefrontage.Themainblockof present Hotel, five bayswide and three enlarged andremodelleditforhisown occupation,with stucco workandcurvedwingwalls Abraham Hoskinsuponhispurchaseofitin18 vel cedartimber claddingandme oach houserange, nowconverted of fossilsandotheritems keptthereby the Ratcliff family. ha-ha intoparkland.Viewsare currentlycurtailedto some toprovide amoreeffective screen. dener’s housenowknownas“MuseumCottage”, photographstakenbytheRatclifffamily. allowed to grow to 15 r butisinfactare-workingofan18 ham architectsBestwickBowlerHoggin1965 theoriginalhouse s radically overhauled andalteredbothinside iron verandah whichstill survives. Thisnew the formerkitchengardens,islargelyhidden tation, withmany ofthetreessetonalong, 00. Very soonafterwards,however, Hoskins around thelandscape,trees andimportant garden wallsstill providethebasicstructural tate (24newhouses)aredesignedwitha deferenceand sensitivitytothelandscape rent shapes.Thishasprovidedconsiderable are, withoneexception,singlestorey, eet priortothediversion oftheroadin d onthe site of the former farm buildings, overlain them.Onthenorthsideof ve been intentional, pinery andhot-hous kitchen gardenoriginally hada in views acrossthelake. The particularly impressiveand reflected buttressed wallstothe eastare kitchen gardenstillstand. The The majorityofallfourwallsthe the roadandsurroundingparkland. kitchen gardento screen it from which makesuseofthewalled were retained inthedevelopment, All thesurviving originalbuildings llow buffbrickwork.Theyall an excessive size. to residential use. Alittle with anewtwo-storey designed todisplay es describedin th century LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement this lean-to this lean-to upply. Most of upply. Most ings, while the cottage orne appears to have stood at the ilding known as cottage orne. eepers house. In addition to the to addition In eepers house. the north wall. On the north side of this north wall. On the the north to create within the park. This involved involved park. This the within create to Gretton House, Main Street a metal “estate” fence, now occupied by now occupied “estate” fence, a metal of buildings in their landscape setting, using landscape setting, in their of buildings on Church Lane. Another tiny cottage, with cottage, with tiny Another Lane. Church on t both styles could equally achieve a bold achieve could equally t both styles e they complemented the landscape and the e they complemented the landscape and the agments survive. To the south of the walled of the walled south To the survive. agments Doric porch to The Villa), a deep overhanging a deep overhanging porch to The Villa), Doric e ashlar, and sash windows. The Villa was e ashlar, and sash windows. use, where the semi-detached cottages known use, where the semi-detached 16 to the large principal build cation is not certain, but it the heating system and water s system and the heating gave rise to the style of bu century as a fishery, and a gamek century as a fishery, th style was more suited to small cottages, bu was more suited style statement. architectural eaves, rendered walls “lined-out” to imitat walls “lined-out” eaves, rendered properties emulated the described in 1836 as “suited to a sporting man”. These two by inspired were houses on Hoskins’ estate By contrast, other main house. the character of vernacular architecture, which picturesque qualities that Hoskins was trying gamekeeper’s house, there is now a modern house near the road. These are the most the road. These near a modern house now is there gamekeeper’s house, points. within the Park from public vantage prominent houses face Several park buildings the on entering the visitor Most west. village from the noticeable is Gretton appears to House. Hoskins have built this, along with The Cedars and The Lodge, to provide an additional all These leasehold income. of their typical to be tend period but once had names more indicative of their roots. The architectural Villa (now Cedar House) and the Lodge (circa 1810), which still stands on the corner of Farm Lane, were built in a Regency style with symmetrical elevations, the as (such and details classical proportions Cottage and now as the as Evergreen known Gretton House (formerly These include Cottage Beehive and Main Street) Cottage, 54 Ratcliff in the shaped gables and ogee windows like those of Beehive Cottage, is included family photos of the 1870s. Its lo drive to Newton Park Ho western entrance as West Lodge now stand. of building were adopted becaus These styles irregular compositions and creating interesting strong contrasts of light and shadow, with overhanging eaves The and broken eaves lines. was suited style classical Regency 1836. These were located on the south side of the south side on were located 1836. These wall there were potting sheds, were potting wall there fr although some been demolished, range has by orchard enclosed garden was an kitchen Park). (numbers 8-13 Newton housing west (now was a series of fishponds to the kitchen garden and lake there In addition to the 19 the in in), used filled NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement farmhouse wasbuilttothe circa 1890.Eventuallythis wassplitofffrom replaced withTheGrange, which wasbuilt Grange Farmwasalso demolishedand Thefarmhouse at a modernfarmhouse. Trent Farmwasdemolished and replaced with long lowrangesofbuildings.Thefarmhouse at of the activities hidden fromthe roadbehind around courtyardsor“stackyards”,withmost evolution. Thefarmstea entirely differentphasesoffarmbuilding from theeast,buttheyalsoexhibittwo defining the historicentrance to thevillage frontage andformalongenclosedspace, character. Notonlydo theyline the road conservation areahaveaparticularlystrong The twoworking farmsatthe east endof the working inlocalbrickmanufacture. shop. Inviewoftheownership,thisterrace musthave In 1850theBrickmaker’sArmswasahouseand another fourcottageswithinashorttime. the Newton Brickyard,andwerebuiltcirc attached totheBrickmaker’s the mainstreetsouthwards). OfTheSquare Main Street),andTheSquare(originallyalong character; thepaintedbrickterraceattached There aretwodistinctareasofworkers’hous render andbrick. Main StreetandTheGreen33-35 Crafts” dimension tothe character ofthevilla styles. Anumber ofearly20 and redevelopmentinthe19 The humble vernacularcharacterof the cottage Bretby Lane. between Burton andRepton,theonlyother expansion ofthevillagein1960sand70s. Blacksmith’s Lanehasbecomemoreprominentth Rock House,whichisnot visiblefrom publicviewpoints. Lane terminatesinfrontofthechurch ofSt. being TrentLane,which wastheoriginalrout with theriver.Fromheretherearetwo roads The village is mainlyconcentrated onMain Lane, BretbyLaneandMainStreet partof This areacontainstheearliest Area 2-TheVillage ds werebothdesigned west ofthestack yard. th th ArmswereownedbyJohnMarbrowin1850,theownerof centuryhouseshavebeenbui century,whichincorporate bothclassicalandgothicbuilding thesettlementalong TrentLane, Church 17 Street,east-westparallel whichrunsroughly a 1840.Theywere evidentlyextendedby the restoffarman toTheBrickmaker’sArms(Numbers15-31 e downtotheformerfordcrossing.Church ge. Theseinclude thesemi-detached pairs1 MarytheVirgin andtheentrancedriveto L-shapedrangeof6cottagesthatranfrom that runtowardstheriver,principalone Apartfromtheimportant east-westroute only three housessurvive. Five cottages important strategicroutewasthatalong ing, whichstill retainthe localvernacular s has been largelyoverlainbyalterations an itwas,asthisareahasseenthe main (circa 1910) thatshare aneclectic mixof outbuildinsg of GrangeandTrentFarms outbuildinsg View along Repton Road between the Roadbetween View alongRepton lt whichaddanother“Artsand provided housingforpeople d thecurrentmodern LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement

th century. The century. th expressed as expressed as chamfered stone with cills lintels and blue-painted timber farm By contrast the at buildings opposite were Grange Farm a rebuilt almost hundred years later, 19 in the late century date. They buildings comprise with similar functions to those at Trent Farm but they look slightly different. The roadside barn on the also incorporates ventilation holes, lls to the road are finished with red brick finished with lls to the road are -end punctuated with slots or flight holes-end punctuated aditional hay barn, with multiple levels of multiple levels hay barn, with aditional nishedcoped gable”, fi “raised with a brick ilators at the top of the roadside wall. The roadside wall. the top of the ilators at rporates some decorative details, but these these but details, rporates some decorative at multiple layers of dentilled brick corbelled The brickwork is a mellow red brick, hand- a mellow is The brickwork orate ventilation into many more agriculturalorate ventilation into many more 18 complex, built probably in the late 18 in the built probably complex, century detail). century century building detail. The long low range is a cowhouse. The a cowhouse. low range is long detail. The building century at Trent Farm th th behind the main Flight holes for dovecote (left) and ventilation holes in barn (right) historic frontage and, as the road has not at the junction with Main been widened of the on the character impact Street, its conservation area is limited. large barn running alongside the road is a tr the road running alongside large barn vent unusual “cross” and a band of ventilation in a the roofline are raised above gable-ends 18 This is a typical coping. to incorp was common louvres. By this time it original purpose. was probably its this as animal sheds, and buildings, such on pink, but it is a more regular pale red colour, verging The brickwork is a softer The brickwork also inco machine-made brick. as the are incorporated mainly for effect, such the verges. Blacksmith’s Lane on the north side of road, which a small access Main Street was originally led to two farmhouses, but which now leads to a large modern housing estate. One of the farmhouses, “Waterside”, still the modern houses. The survives among the conservation area. It housing is outside is, however, discreet farmyard also a small a similar date to the barn, including includes a number of buildings of a dovecote above, the gable stable building with Trent Farm, to the north, is the earlier earlier the north, is the to Trent Farm, and brick ledges, for the birds to stand upon. and brick ledges, The brick boundary wa patina. lovely made with a to mid 19 copings (an early NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement cottages to bebuilt(1850Tithemap), andin Of this “squatter” housing,Green Bank Co opportunistic developmentissometi and gardensalongBretbyLanewerebuilt junction withMainStreet is still evident on th with encroachment,houses havereduced thewid the ridgeto theriver.Thiswas originally The sunkencharacterofthelanesuggestsan Bretby Lane isdefinedbyitsboundarytreatments, until theconstructionof theschoolin1860 The openpaddocksbetweenTrentLaneandChurch Lanewerecompletely undeveloped steps. high levelupasteepflightofstone footpath tothechurchcontinuesat road, Blacksmith’sLane. Here the obvious oppositethe modernestate surrounding paddocksand landismost level between TrentLaneandthe Willington. Theextreme changein to open viewsacrossthefloodplain the Rivers DoveandTrent,with long immediately oppositetheconfluenceof area oflandatthewater’sedge, This leadsdownto anopenunfenced embanked verges,coveredwith trees. river, plunging changes afterthejunction withBlacksmith’s La gardens, unifiedbylargelywhite-paintedbric boundary walls,withsome later brickwalling, rural track.Theeastern sideofthesouthernsectionislinedbylowrubblesandstone and airyincharacter,although The characterofTrentLanefallsintotwodist Trent Lane and aretheonlyotherexampleof Like theHiggotAlmshouses,theyincorporate la fromapairofaward-winning was borrowed Ratcliff in1873.Thearchitects distinctive semi-detached pairofhouses,werebuiltonone oftheseplotsforRobert century. Nos. 1 and2 and Hillbankwerebuilt the tworivers, justoutside the conservation areaboundary. (Sale Particulars–DRO D2293/1/1)clearlyshows Trent River,providinglaunch pointsandford Bretby LaneandTrent Laneformedthemain important openspacewithinthevillage,im behind this frontagetheintimate characterofthepaddocks remains andthese arean Almshouses in1876.Thegapthenorthfrontage ofMainStreethasbeendeveloped,but between steep wereMessrs.Thompson andYoungofDerbythe design welldeveloped,andthenorthe this techniquewithinthevillage. mes called “squatter”encroachment. portant tothesetting ofthe church. wider andmoreimportantthanatpresent,but 19 followed byTrentCott theircurrentform,da circa1855.Nos.1and 2BretbyCottages, a k andrender.ThecharacterofTrentLane early north-south route,comingdownfrom and cottagesaresetbackbehindsmallfront e firsteditionOSmap) crossing.TheHoskin inct areas. The southend ofthelaneislight ttage andHillsideCo bourers’ cottages atSudbury (Derbyshire). thoroughfare fromthe ridgedown to the onto the“Waste”land.Thissortof polychromatic (multi-coloured) brickwork polychromatic (multi-coloured)brickwork ne, asitdrops downdramaticallytothe th ofthe lane(awider entranceatthe this fordcrossing its highhedgerowsandretainingwalls. rn section is adark,sunken age circa1870andthe te from theearly 19 s estatemapof 1836 ttage were the first . Allofthecottages at theconfluenceof th

LullingtonNewton Conservation Solney Conservation Area Character Area Character Statement Statement Below - Rock House nts should develop over time in over time in develop nts should Above - St Marys Church blocks, or timber panel fencing. Modern timber panel blocks, or left unfenced or have been replaced in left unfenced or railings survive, there are a number of number are a railings survive, there e designation of the conservation area in ed by the Civic Amenities Act 1967, as an Amenities Act 1967, ed by the Civic e “cherished local scene” in the face of in the face local scene” e “cherished ea we can also identify instances where the where ea we can also identify instances l character. At Newton Solney, some of the World War. It was not intended that World War. It was not intended maging alterations and to avoid making the ther individually or cumulatively have diluted 20 Lane, in a sympathetic style. in a sympathetic Lane, by the need for planning permission. century gates and century gates and th evented, but rather that settleme but rather evented, nry walls. It is unusual nry walls. It is unusual d by the use of estate estate of use d by the where the earliest part where the century “estate-type” fencing and gates. fencing and gates. “estate-type” century th railings have been used at 4 Trent 4 Trent at railings have been used unsympathetic materials – breezeblock, concrete concrete – breezeblock, materials unsympathetic Boundary treatments where original are many instances Whilst there places where front boundaries have simply been Loss and Damage Loss and Damage was introduc of conservation areas The concept th conserve to acknowledgement of the need Second the change following accelerated fences in such a concentrated area. The church area. The church a concentrated such fences in a row of of the end at point, focal is the which provide the main pollarded limes, open area. this in structural element a commanding Although Rock House has this aspect is position overlooking the Trent, view of the only evident to the public in a long River from Bladon Hill, be seen can of Rock House, the tower, It is edge. at the water’s trees through the mature tree hidden from Church Lane by planting. development should be pr their specia a way that reflects and strengthens predate th below undesirable changes described 1978. The designation was put in place as a safeguard against further harmful development, so far as this could be achieved of the conservation ar In defining the character village has suffered alterations or losses that ei fencing rather than maso fencing rather than This is a distinctive open area of the village area of distinctive open a This is character and is with a quiet, undeveloped footpath, which provides a crossed with a enable variety of views, 19 original to find so many and the designers householders, these will help that identifying hoped this character. It is of the da some planning authority to reverse same mistakes in the future. Church Lane Lane Church and Lane, of Church on both sides The land is and Trent Lane, Church Lane between some and retains in use as paddocks, currently 19 NewtonLullington Solney ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement council houseaboveonTheEnd. overshadowed bythe extension tothe Cottage onBretby Laneis totally properties. Forexample,GreenBank traditional scaleandcharacter ofthe estate small cottages,withtheriskoflosing extensions havestarted todominate the There havebeenafew caseswhere large the old. relationship between thenewbuildings and details, inthebrickwork,thereislittle there aresome referencestolocalbuilding size ofeachhouseandplotisover-sizedco Main Streetappearsto havebeen deliberatelykeptlow(single-storey),but theresulting However, individual“infill”plotshavebeen century, this hashad limited im Although there hasbeen widespread develo New development survive (seeappendixfordetails). cottages hadsmall-panedcasement windowsorsa few modern bowwindowsinserted into hi although whenbuiltasaterracetheywouldhavebeenunified byonepattern. There area cottages, for example,nolongerhaveanid rhythm ofterracesandparticular materials, suchasstainedhardwoodandUp The villagehassufferedfromthelossofwindowjoineryandreplacementinmodern Loss ofbuildingdetails pact onthe character and setting ly the“estate”characterof 21 storic buildings.Mostofthe late19 vc. Thishasaffectedth less successful.Thescal mpared withthe traditionalhousing.Although entifiable original window or door pattern, entifiable originalwindowordoorpattern, pment within NewtonSolneyin the20 sh windows,butonlyafewexamplesstill the village. The brickmakers’ Thebrickmakers’ village. the of the conservationarea. e uniform character and e uniformcharacterand e ofnewhousesalong th century th

OAD

N N N N N N N

BRETBY LANE

REPTON R REPTON R The Grange Newton HillNewton

(former brickworks) (former 2

R FORD

TO FORMER FORD TO Designated : 12th October 1978 Designated Newton SolneyNewton Conservation Area Church Rock

House H 1 Park Newton

600 RIVER TRENT RIVER

NEWTON ROAD metres Hill Bladon Castle Bladon 0 300 Conservation boundary Area boundaryCharacter Area Open spaces views Principal points landmarks and focal Architectural buildings Listed Other buildings which contribute or the special architectural to positively characterhistoric potential of high archaeological Areas

Character Areas

1

Council. LA 100019461.2010 LA Council. District Derbyshire South proceedings. civil or prosecution to lead may and copyright Crown infringes reproduction Unauthorised

Majesty's Stationery Office Crown copyright. Crown Office Stationery Majesty's Her of Controller the of behalf on Survey Ordnance of permission the with material Survey Ordnance from reproduced is map This Appendix

Distinctive Architectural Details

NEWTON SOLNEY Checklist of details

The details in this appendix illustrate those building elements that help to define Newton Solney’s particular character. These may be common everyday vernacular details found repeatedly throughout the conservation area or may be more exceptional, consciously designed features.

This appendix may prove useful in providing inspiration for new development, whether traditional or contemporary, if used with care. Paradoxically, the outstanding architectural details of a conservation area may not be the ones that are most typical of the area. They often belong to the important key buildings of a village and may look out of place on smaller buildings in subordinate locations. The majority of buildings in the conservation areas of South Derbyshire are plainly and simply detailed.

Boundary treatments  Coursed sandstone rubble boundary walls  Red brick boundary walls with triangular red clay, half-round red brick and triangular blue clay copings  Decorative metal (cast and wrought iron) railings and fences  Estate-type iron railings

Chimney stacks and pots  Decorative pots with heavily corbelled brick stacks  Simple brick stacks with a few plain oversailing courses in blue brick

Doors  Panelled doors

Lintels and cills  Chamfered stone lintels and cills  Segmental brick arched windows

Paving and steps  Gritstone pavings with dished stone gulleys  Stone steps  Brick steps

Roof types and details  Pitched roofs with decorative and plain bargeboards  Hipped roofs  Raised coped brick gables

Street furniture  Cast iron fingerpost sign

Walls  Flemish bond brickwork  Blue bricks used as low boundary walls, cills, damp-proof-courses, bands in chimney stacks, and in combination with other coloured bricks  Polychromatic brickwork  Painted brickwork  Lined-out smooth render and stucco  Decorative corbelled verges  Dentilled bands of brickwork  Courses of “tumbled” brickwork  Dentilled and sawtooth eaves brickwork Checklist of details (continued)

Windows  Multi-paned casement windows  Cottage orné casement windows

BOUNDARY TREATMENTS - Walls and copings Brickwork is used for boundary walls from the 18th century to the late 19th century, English bond being quite common during the Gothic Revival (bottom left and right). The brick walls (left) at Farm Lane were added to the Newton Park estate when the model farm was built.

Within Newton Solney there are a large variety of brick boundary walls in a small area. Most brick walls are finished with specially-manufactured blue or red clay copings; chamfered (below left), triangular (below right and bottom left and right), and rounded (above right). Many of the walls around the Newton Park estate were built in an evenly coursed pinkish sandstone (as at Farm Lane - above).

Early boundary walls were constructed from rubble sandstone, as in the example at Trent Lane (above).

The coursed sandstone walls outside Grange Farm (right) may have been erected by the highway authority in association with road widening, during the 20th century. They are very different in character and probably came from a quarry in central Derbyshire. BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Gates and railings

Newton Solney has many frontages embellished with a fine set of railings. A large proportion are early 19th century and are constructed from the new, fashionable material cast iron, but still incorporate the old design characteristics of wrought iron, such as square-section bars. The railings at 5 Main Street (above) are a very unusual survival.

The examples at Newton Park Hotel (below) combine diamond-set railings with cast iron spear-headed finials and urns.

Wrought iron railings of the late 19th century (above - 22 Main Street). The introduction of cast-iron enabled railings to be produced more cheaply and the amount of ornamentation increased. The gate entrance to Newton Park (above) uses some Gothick motifs but still adopts the earlier square section balusters. By 1850 cast-iron had largely replaced wrought-iron because it lent itself to mass production. At the almshouses (below) cast iron balusters had round bars, with cast-iron finials and cast horizontal rails.

Late 19th century slender steel railings, with hooped tops (entrance to Grange Farm - below). By the late 19th century, steel railings could be fabricated in thinner sections with similar properties to wrought iron. Estate-type fencing and gates. These examples on Church Lane (right) were probably erected by the Every estate. They were simple to fabricate, and could be produced by a local blacksmith, although the cast-iron gateposts would have been ordered from a catalogue of stock items.

The railings found at The Grange (bottom) at the other end of the village were erected by a private individual but also lend the village an estate character. CHIMNEY STACKS AND POTS

Chimneys are on the whole quite plain - red brick with a few oversailing courses in red brick. In the second half of the 19th century blue bricks were occasionally used as an oversailing course, where a stronger and more durable brick was required (pictured left and above left).

Above left - red brick stack with multiple oversailing courses in blue brick and red clay pots. Moulded bricks were used to add relief by accentuating the different flues, in a Gothic Revival style.

Above right - red brick stack with moulded red clay copings and highly decorative clay pots (now painted). DOORS AND DOORCASES

Panelled doors - Top left - 6-panel door with bead mouldings and traditional doorcase with triangular pediment, pilasters and fanlight

Top centre - 6-panel door with double-chamfered panels

Top right - late 19th century 6-panel door with bead mouldings

Above centre - Edwardian panelled door with stained glass window

Above right - 4-panel door with bead mouldings

Doorcase (left) - traditional timber doorcase with console brackets, pilasters and cornice. The doorcase is a later alteration to the public house, The Brickmakers Arms. These were sometimes added to emphasise the entrance.

Boarded door (right) - a rare surviving example of an early 19th century frameless, boarded plank door serving a back alley to terraced cottages on Main Street. LINTELS AND CILLS

Lintels The earliest surviving buildings in Newton Solney had brick segmental arches (right - top). By the first half of the 19th century, the use of stone was much more widespread, and wedge-shaped stone lintels were introduced (above). By the late 19th century, there was a renewed interest in the craft of the bricklayer and polychromatic and moulded bricks can be found (right).

Cills Many of the smaller cottages had no cill (left). Elsewhere some of the cottages had a cill added at a later date in the 19th century, usually in blue brick (bottom left). The larger, grander buildings and those built in the later 19th century had stone cills (below - stone cill with chamfered weathering and moulded drip). PAVING AND STEPS

Paving - Large, flat, squared gritstone pavings with dished stone gulleys form the main path serving the church (left)

Steps - Above left - stone steps with rounded corners to a door threshold on Main Street

Above centre - stone steps between the pavement and the footpath leading to the front door, Main Street

Above right - brick steps (painted) to door threshold, Main Street ROOF TYPES AND DETAILS

Pitched roofs - verges emphasised with shaped timber bargeboards and finials (above).

Hipped roofs - Above - hipped red clay tiled roof with lead flashings

Right (from top) - graduated, Westmoreland slate, hipped roof with lead flashings

Half-hip in Staffordshire blue clay tiles with clay angle ridges

Hipped roof in red clay tiles with bonnet hip tiles

Welsh slate hipped roof with lead flashings Raised coped brick gable (left) and decorative clay tiles (below) incorporating bands of plain and beaver tail tiles

Pitched roof with plain verge (left) STREET FURNITURE

Right - Cast iron fingerpost sign with three fingers:  B5008 Repton 11/2  Burton 3 B5008  Bretby 3 (with original timber pointing finger)

Location: At junction of Main Street with Bretby Lane and Repton Road WALLS - Decorative brickwork details

An influx of late 19th century, picturesque, estate-type buildings within the village has left a legacy of intricate brickwork details. During the last decades of the 19th century, there was a new interest in the craft of the bricklayer. By the 1880s moulded bricks had become fashionable and were incorporated within dentilled bands (far left). Decoration was achieved with moulded and rubbed bricks, “tumbled” brickwork (left) and polychromy (the use of different colours of brick - below).

Ventilation slots (above and left) incorporated into agricultural buildings in the 18th (above) and 19th century (left).

Herringbone brickwork was introduced in early 20th century Arts & Crafts inspired buildings (above). Flemish bond brickwork (left and far left) is was used for its decorative effect by incorporating coloured “headers” picked out in subtle contrasting shades. WALLS - Render

Render The use of render became highly fashionable during the Regency period, when it was known as “stucco”. It was used to create a refined appearance as an alternative to stone. It often covered up rubblestone or brickwork of poor quality. During this period, render was often “lined-out” (incised) to imitate dressed ashlar walls as at The Lodge (above and below).

Render fell out of favour during the High Victorian period, as it was regarded as dishonest but it regained a fashionable foothold throughout the country at the end of the 19th century, largely influenced by the architecture of Charles Voysey. After about 1910, roughcast render became fashionable throughout the country (above) and is found on a number of houses in the village. ROOFWALLS TYPES - & DETAILS - PitchedVerge and roofs eaves details

Brick verge details Pitched roofs with decorative brick verges (above). A raised brick band on the gable end of brick houses follows the verge, to provide a drip moulding -  a double band of red and blue bricks forms a distinctive corbelled verge (centre)  a stepped verge (centre - top)  a corbelled and stepped verge (top left)  double rows of stepped brickwork, painted white (top right)  corbelled bands of brick painted white (above right)  a half-hipped roof with corbelled and dentilled rows of bricks (above left)

Brick eaves details - dentilled and corbelled eaves (below left) sawtooth and corbelled eaves (below right). WINDOWS - Joinery

Casement windows (above) Top - cottage orné style Y-shaped casement window with pointed arched casements and diamond leaded-lights Casement windows (above) Top - transomed and mullioned window with Above - timber flush multi-paned casement recessed casements window with single 6-paned opening light

Above left - cottage orné style casement window; ogee arch with diamond lattice cast iron casements

Above right - timber flush casement with two horizontal glazing bars

Sash window (right) Most of the large houses in Georgian England had large sash windows subdivided into small panes. The 8-over-8 sash window (right) emulates the style of sash window of the first half of the 19th century, but is in fact a replacement incorporating “horns”, which were added later in the 19th century when glass panes increased in size, to increase the strength and rigidity of the sash frame.