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SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil

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SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Bachelor Degree Project in Production Engineering G2E, 30 credits Spring term 2020 Authors: Fernando Martínez Gil Mario Martínez Gil Supervisor Jernbro: Carolin Ryberg Persson Supervisors University of Skövde: Martin Birtic Kaveh Amouzgar Examiner: Amos Ng i SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil Abstract Simulation is becoming more important nowadays, where there is a need for developing or improving projects more efficiently without taking any economic risk. Jernbro Industrial Services AB in Skövde is specialized in Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) production, and so far, they have been calculating the optimal number of AGVs of a system by using Excel. However, they want to go a step further and include simulation in their projects to obtain this data more accurately and efficiently and update their working procedures. In this thesis, former articles and researches have been studied to acquire knowledge in previous works related to the calculation of the optimal number of AGVs. A market survey has been conducted to find the best software simulation tool in the market for AGVs, by analysing the main features of each software. Although many software satisfies the requirements, FlexSim is the tool that has been chosen, as it provides good results in a user-friendly way. Therefore, in order to validate whether simulation provides accurate and interesting data for the company, an already existing model has been simulated to compare the new results with the former ones calculated with Excel. After discussing the results and the issues that have been confronted during the project, it has been found that the optimal number of AGVs in the system is 3 but, in view of security and the unpredictable behaviour of AGVs systems, 4 is the number considered as the best solution for the model. Moreover, all the benefits of simulation are presented as a solution for future projects the company develops. ii SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil Certification This thesis has been submitted by Mario Martínez Gil and Fernando Martínez Gil to the University of Skövde as a requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Production Engineering. The undersigned certifies that all the material in this thesis that is not my own has been properly acknowledged using accepted referencing practices and, further, that the thesis includes no material for which I have previously received academic credit. Fernando Martínez Gil Mario Martínez Gil Skövde 2020-05-18 Institutionen för Ingenjörsvetenskap/School of Engineering Science iii SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil Acknowledgements In this section, we would like to thank all the people that helped us develop this project, both academic and personal field. First of all, we would like to thank all the Jernbro team for giving us the opportunity to take part in this company and for making us feel very comfortable during our stay. Thank you to our supervisors Carolin Ryberg and Martin Bratt for all the interesting meetings, answering our questions and giving us the chance to develop this project. We have enjoyed this experience. Thank you to Peter, Pär and Johan as well for all the support regarding technical aspects and the interesting conversations. We would like to thank the University of Skövde for the academic experience. Especially, our supervisor Martin Birtic for guiding us throughout the project, supporting us and having a good time talking. Thanks to FlexSim team for providing us with the full license of the software and helping us with every question we had regarding the functioning of the software. We do not want to forget to thank our Erasmus friends we met this year for their support and the countless hours we spent doing our projects together. Finally, we would like to thank our family for their daily support from the distance, and especially to our parents. Without them, we could not have lived this incredible experience in Sweden. iv SIMULATION-BASED AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE SYSTEM CAPACITY CALCULATION Fernando Martínez Gil University of Skövde – School of Engineering Science Mario Martínez Gil Table of contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................. ii Certification ...................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... iv Table of contents ............................................................................................................... v List of Figures ................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables .................................................................................................................... viii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Jernbro Industrial Services AB .......................................................................................... 1 Problem description ......................................................................................................... 1 Aim and objectives ........................................................................................................... 2 Delimitations .................................................................................................................... 2 Sustainability ................................................................................................................... 3 2. Theoretical Frame of Reference ................................................................................... 4 Industrial Systems ............................................................................................................ 4 The problem of material handling .................................................................................... 5 AGVs ................................................................................................................................ 6 Industry 4.0 ...................................................................................................................... 7 Simulation ........................................................................................................................ 8 2.5.1 System ............................................................................................................................................... 8 2.5.2 Advantages and disadvantages ......................................................................................................... 8 2.5.3 Steps to achieve a good simulation ................................................................................................. 9 2.5.4 Discrete Event Simulation .............................................................................................................. 10 3. Literature Review ...................................................................................................... 12 AGVs optimal number .................................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 AGVs optimal number in Flexible Manufacturing Systems ............................................................. 12 3.1.2 AGVs optimal number in Port Container Terminals .................................................................... 13 3.1.3 AGVs optimal number with a queuing system ............................................................................. 14 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 14 4. Method ..................................................................................................................... 15 Problem understanding .................................................................................................. 16 Software research .......................................................................................................... 16 Simulation process and results ....................................................................................... 16 5. Problem formulation ................................................................................................. 18 6. Software survey ........................................................................................................ 20 Why is a survey needed? ................................................................................................ 20 Jernbro’s requirements .................................................................................................. 20 Software comparison ..................................................................................................... 21 Selection of the final
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