Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2342 Edited by G. Goos, J. Hartmanis, and J. van Leeuwen 3 Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Hong Kong London Milan Paris Tokyo Ian Horrocks James Hendler (Eds.)
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2002
First International Semantic Web Conference Sardinia, Italy, June 9-12, 2002 Proceedings
13 Series Editors
Gerhard Goos, Karlsruhe University, Germany Juris Hartmanis, Cornell University, NY, USA Jan van Leeuwen, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Volume Editors
Ian Horrocks University of Manchester, Department of Computer Science Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK E-mail: [email protected] James Hendler University of Maryland, Computer Science Department College Park, MD 20742, USA E-mail: [email protected]
Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme The semantic web : proceedings / ISWC 2002, First International Semantic Web Conference, Sardinia, Italy, June 9 - 12, 2002. Ian Horrocks ; James Hendler (ed.). - Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Barcelona ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Paris ; Tokyo : Springer, 2002 (Lecture notes in computer science ; Vol. 2342) ISBN 3-540-43760-6
CR Subject Classification (1998): C.2, I.2, H.4, H.5, H.3, K.4, F.3
ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-43760-6 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH http://www.springer.de © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Steingr¨aber Satztechnik GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 10869943 06/3142 543210 Preface
This volume contains the papers presented at the First International Seman- tic Web Conference (ISWC 2002) held in Sardinia, Italy, 9–12th June, 2002. The conference followed on from the highly successful Semantic Web Working Symposium held at Stanford University, USA in 2001. A total of 133 papers were submitted to ISWC 2002, comprising 95 research papers, 22 position papers, and 16 system description papers. Each submission was evaluated by at least two referees, mainly members of the Program Commit- tee. This resulted in the selection of 40 papers for presentation at the conference and publication in this volume. Of these, 27 are research papers, 6 are position papers, and 7 are system description papers. We would like to thank the many people who made ISWC 2002 possible. In particular, we are grateful to the following groups and individuals: Jeff Pan for help with the conference management software and proceedings; the pro- gram committee for their reviewing efforts and advice on organizational details; Michele Missikoff and Nicoletta Dess´ı for conference organization and local coor- dination; J´erˆome Euzenat for financial organization and the conference web site; Asunci´on G´omez-P´erez for organizing the tutorials; Raphael Malyankar for or- ganizing the poster session; Steffen Staab, Siegfried Handschuh, and Marc Ehrig for organizing semantic markup; Deborah McGuinness and Ying Ding for ar- ranging sponsorship; and the sponsors themselves for their moral and financial support.
April 2002 Ian Horrocks James Hendler Conference Organization
General Chair
James Hendler (University of Maryland, USA)
Program Chair
Ian Horrocks (University of Manchester, UK)
Organization Chair
Michele Missikoff (Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica — CNR, Italy)
Program Committee
Michel Biezunski, Coolheads Consulting, USA Harold Boley, DFKI, Kaiserslautern, Germany Tiziana Catarci, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Italy Peter Crowther, Network Inference, UK Vassilis Christophides, ICS-FORTH and University of Crete, Greece Isabel Cruz, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Stefan Decker, Stanford University, USA Steven A. Demurjian, University of Connecticut, USA Ying Ding, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Max J. Egenhofer, University of Maine, USA Peter Eklund, University of Queensland, Australia J´erˆome Euzenat, INRIA Rhˆone-Alpes, France Dieter Fensel, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Richard Fikes, Stanford University, USA Tim Finin, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, USA Jeremy Frumkin, University of Arizona, USA Asunci´on G´omez-P´erez, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain Nicola Guarino, LADSEB-CNR, Padova, Italy Lynda Hardman, CWI, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Frank van Harmelen, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Pat Hayes, University of West Florida, USA Jeff Heflin, Lehigh University, USA Masahiro Hori, IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory, Japan Nick Jennings, Southampton University, UK Jana Koehler, IBM Research Laboratory, Rueschlikon, Switzerland Organization VII
Ora Lassila, Nokia Research Center, USA Raphael Malyankar, Arizona State University, USA Massimo Marchiori, W3C, USA, and University of Venice, Italy Brian McBride, Hewlett Packard, UK Sheila McIlraith, Stanford University, USA Riichiro Mizoguchi, Mizogushi Lab., Osaka, Japan Enrico Motta, The Open University, UK Amedeo Napoli, LORIA, France Steve Newcomb, Coolheads consulting, USA Natasha F. Noy, Stanford University, USA Peter Patel-Schneider, Lucent Technologies, USA David Pearce, European Commission, Belgium Dimitris Plexousakis, ICS-FORTH and University of Crete, Greece Maarten de Rijke, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Uli Sattler, RWTH Aachen, Germany Guus Scheiber, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amit Sheth, University of Georgia and Taalee Inc, USA Steffen Staab, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Lynn Andrea Stein, Olin College of Engineering, Needham, USA Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Rudi Studer, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Bhavani Thuraisingham, NSF, USA Mike Uschold, The Boeing Company, USA
Additional Referees
Kemafor Anyanwu Andreas Hotho Monica Scannapieco David Avant Hideaki Kanai Mario Schlosser Sean Bechhofer Michel Klein Ronny Siebes Sebastian Brandt Carsten Lutz Michael Sintek Jeen Broekstra Philippe Martin Robert Stevens Rodrigo Caballero Maarten Marx Ljiljana Stojanovic Andrea Cal`ı Frank Nack Gerd Stumme Henry Chinaski Borys Omelayenko Ingo Timm Jeffrey Ellis Jacco van Ossenbruggen Maria Vargas-Vera Christiaan Fluit Margie Price Holger Wache Carole Goble Alan Rector Feng Zhang Siegfried Handschuh Arnaud Sahuguet VIII Organization
ISWC 2002 Officials
Tutorial Chair: Asunci´on G´omez-P´erez (Universidad Politecnica de Madrid) Local Coordination: Nicoletta Dess´ı (Universit`a di Cagliari) Sponsor Chairs: Deborah McGuinness (Stanford University) Ying Ding (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) Finances and Web: J´erˆome Euzenat (INRIA Rhˆone-Alpes) Poster Chair: Raphael Malyankar (Arizona State University) Metadata Chair: Steffen Staab (University of Karlsruhe)
Conferences Preceding ISWC 2002
Semantic Web Working Symposium (SWWS), Stanford University, USA, 2001 IX ISWC 2002 Patrons and Sponsors
Patrons
Platinum Sponsors
Gold Sponsors
Silver Sponsors ISWC 2002 Poster Session
The following posters were presented at the ISWC 2002 Poster Session. Learning Organizational Memory Marie-H´el`ene Abel, Dominique Lenne, Omar Ciss´e Approximate Ontology Translation and its Application to Regional Information Services Jun-ichi Akahani, Kaoru Hiramatsu, Kiyoshi Kogure Adding Semantics to Scientific Collaboration Documents Muthukkaruppan Annamalai, Lito Cruz, Leon Sterling, Glenn Moloney Semantic Web + Cooperative Web = Web Semantics Daniel Gayo Avello, Dario Alvarez´ Guti`errez A Graph Visualization/Transformation Framework Daniel Ayers An Ontology-Based Aproach to model virtual learning environments Francesco Maria Aymerich, Nicoletta Dessi Active Document Enrichment using Adaptive Information Extraction from Text Fabio Ciravegna, Alexiei Dingli and Daniela Petrelli Six Challenges for the Semantic Web V. Richard Benjamins, Asunci´on G´omez-P´erez, Oscar Corcho, Jes´us Contreras QuizRDF: Search Technology for the Semantic Web John Davies, Richard Weeks, Uwe Krohn An Ontology for Intellectual Property Rights Jaime Delgado, Isabel Gallego, Roberto Garc´ia, Rosa Gil SemTalk: Authoring the Semantic Web with MS Visio Christian Fillies, Gay Wood-Albrecht, Frauke Weichhardt Building an Integrated Formal Ontology for Semantic Interoperability in the Fishery Domain Aldo Gangemi, Frehiwot Fisseha, Ian Pettman, Johannes Keizer Challenging DAML+OIL by a Commercial Technology — What can the Semantic Web learn from it? (Preliminary Results) Rolf Gr¨utter, Joachim Peer, Beat F. Schmid Information System Concepts based on semiotics: The FRISCO Approach Wolfgang Hesse Poster Session XI
S-CREAM — Semi-automatic CREAtion of Metadata Siegfried Handschuh, Steffen Staab, Fabio Ciravegna ELENA — Creating a Smart Space for Learning Barbara Kieslinger, Bernd Simon, Gorazd Vrabic, Gustaf Neumann, Juan Quemada, Nicola Henze, Sigrun Gunnersdottir, Stefan Brantner, Tilman Kuechler, Wolf Siberski, Wolfgang Nejdl Editing Learning Object Metadata: Schema Driven Input of RDF Metadata T. Kunze, J. Brase, W. Nejdl Lowering the entry level: Lessons from the Web and the Semantic Web for the World-Wide-Mind Ciaran O‘Leary, Mark Humphrys A Scalable Web based GIS Cluster System with Spatial Workload-Aware Request Distribution Strategy Chungho Lee, Jae-dong Lee, Hae-young Bae Content-based Retrieval of Analytic Reports Vaclav Lin, Jan Rauch, Vojtech Svatek Ontology-based Communication Forum Marian Mach, Peter Macej, Jan Hreno Using Shared Ontologies for Communication and Personalization Claude Moulin, Sylvain Giroux, Raffaella Sanna, Alessandro Soro, Gavino Paddeu Symbolic Analytic Systemization of RDF Model Theory Stirling S Newberry Ontology Harmonisation towards the Semantic Web Manjula Patel MyCampus: A Semantic Web Environment for Context-Aware Mobile Services Norman Sadeh,Enoch Chan, Rahul Culas, Wilson Lau, Yoshinori Shimazaki, Linh Van Publishing Technology in Spoken Languages from XML Database Yohei Seki Approximate Terminological reasoning for the Semantic Web Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Frank van Harmelen, Perry Groot Towards the Discovery of Implicit Metadata in Commercial Web Pages Vojtech Svatek, Martin Kavalec, Jiri Klemperer Towards Implementing Differential Structuring of Ontologies Raphael Tr¨oncy and Isaac Antoine KAON-Server – A Semantic Web Management System Raphael Volz, Alexander Maedche Table of Contents
Invited Papers
Semantic Web Enabled Web Services ...... 1 Dieter Fensel, Christoph Bussler, Alexander Maedche
The Grid, Grid Services and the Semantic Web: Technologies and Opportunities ...... 3 Carl Kesselman
Research Papers
Matching RDFGraphs ...... 5 Jeremy J. Carroll
Layering the Semantic Web: Problems and Directions ...... 16 Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Dieter Fensel
Notions of Indistinguishability for Semantic Web Languages ...... 30 Jaap Kamps, Maarten Marx
The Usable Ontology: An Environment for Building and Assessing a Domain Ontology ...... 39 Michele Missikoff, Roberto Navigli, Paola Velardi
Sesame: A Generic Architecture for Storing and Querying RDFand RDFSchema ...... 54 Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman, Frank van Harmelen
A Formal Model for Topic Maps ...... 69 Pascal Auillans, Patrice Ossona de Mendez, Pierre Rosenstiehl, Bernard Vatant
Towards High-Precision Service Retrieval ...... 84 Abraham Bernstein, Mark Klein
Automatic Generation of Java/SQL Based Inference Engines from RDFSchema and RuleML ...... 102 Andreas Eberhart
Ontology-Based Integration of XML Web Resources ...... 117 Bernd Amann, Catriel Beeri, Irini Fundulaki, Michel Scholl XIV Table of Contents
Benchmarking RDFSchemas for the Semantic Web ...... 132 Aimilia Magkanaraki, Sofia Alexaki, Vassilis Christophides, Dimitris Plexousakis
Building the Semantic Web on XML ...... 147 Peter F. Patel-Schneider, J´erˆome Sim´eon
Trusting Information Sources One Citizen at a Time ...... 162 Yolanda Gil, Varun Ratnakar
Querying the Semantic Web: A Formal Approach ...... 177 Ian Horrocks, Sergio Tessaris
Semantic Configuration Web Services in the CAWICOMS Project ...... 192 Alexander Felfernig, Gerhard Friedrich, Dietmar Jannach, Markus Zanker
Integrating Vocabularies: Discovering and Representing Vocabulary Maps ...... 206 Borys Omelayenko
OntoEdit: Collaborative Ontology Development for the Semantic Web ....221 York Sure, Michael Erdmann, Juergen Angele, Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer, Dirk Wenke
Towards a Modification Exchange Language for Distributed RDFRepositories ...... 236 Wolfgang Nejdl, Wolf Siberski, Bernd Simon, Julien Tane
Representing Disjunction and Quantifiers in RDF ...... 250 Drew McDermott, Dejing Dou
Towards Semantic Web Mining ...... 264 Bettina Berendt, Andreas Hotho, Gerd Stumme
Bringing Together Semantic Web and Web Services ...... 279 Joachim Peer
Global vs. Community Metadata Standards: Empowering Users for Knowledge Exchange ...... 292 Marek Hatala, GriffRichards
Taking the RDFModel Theory Out for a Spin ...... 307 Ora Lassila
Concurrent Execution Semantics of DAML-S with Subtypes ...... 318 Anupriya Ankolekar, Frank Huch, Katia Sycara
Semantic Matching of Web Services Capabilities ...... 333 Massimo Paolucci, Takahiro Kawamura, Terry R. Payne, Katia Sycara Table of Contents XV
DAML-S: Web Service Description for the Semantic Web ...... 348 DAML-S Coalition: Anupriya Ankolekar, Mark Burstein, Jerry R. Hobbs, Ora Lassila, David Martin, Drew McDermott, Sheila A. McIlraith, Srini Narayanan, Massimo Paolucci, Terry Payne, Katia Sycara
TRIPLE—A Query, Inference, and Transformation Language for the Semantic Web ...... 364 Michael Sintek, Stefan Decker
A Data Integration Framework for e-Commerce Product Classification ....379 Sonia Bergamaschi, Francesco Guerra, Maurizio Vincini Position Papers
Nonmonotonic Rule Systems on Top of Ontology Layers ...... 394 Grigoris Antoniou
An RDFNetAPI ...... 399 Andy Seaborne
A Mini-experiment in Semantic Annotation ...... 404 Guus Schreiber, Inger I. Blok, Daan Carlier, Wouter P.C. van Gent, Jair Hokstam, Uri Roos
SWAD-Europe: Semantic Web Advanced Development in Europe ...... 409 D. Brickley, S. Buswell, B.M. Matthews, L. Miller, D. Reynolds, M.D. Wilson
Preemptive Reification ...... 414 Steven R. Newcomb
Four Steps Towards the Widespread Adoption of a Semantic Web ...... 419 Brian McBride System Descriptions
Three Implementations of SquishQL, a Simple RDFQuery Language .....423 Libby Miller, Andy Seaborne, Alberto Reggiori
ClaiMaker: Weaving a Semantic Web of Research Papers ...... 436 Gangmin Li, Victoria Uren, Enrico Motta, Simon Buckingham Shum, John Domingue
Business and Enterprise Ontology Management with SymOntoX ...... 442 Michele Missikoff, Francesco Taglino
Is Participation in the Semantic Web Too Difficult? ...... 448 Stefan Haustein, J¨org Pleumann XVI Table of Contents
Consistency Checking of Semantic Web Ontologies ...... 454 Kenneth Baclawski, Mieczyslaw M. Kokar, Richard Waldinger, Paul A. Kogut
WebThemeTM: Understanding Web Information through Visual Analytics . 460 Mark A. Whiting, Nick Cramer
Browsing Schedules - An Agent-Based Approach to Navigating the Semantic Web ...... 469 Terry R. Payne, Rahul Singh and Katia Sycara
Author Index ...... 475