c. c.

MARCH

Address of , Pius XI Broadcast to the World, February 12, 1931 SAVE THE SMALL RURAL By Rev. W. Howard Bishop THE FIRST YEAR OF THE HOUR By Charles A. McMahon CATHOLIC PUPILS EXCEL IN SCHOOL CONTESTS By James E. Cummings IMMIGRATION FOLLOW-UP IN CLEVELAND By Mary O'Callaghan

ADDITIONAL FEATURES U. S. Catholics Thrilled by Holy Father's Address- Protests Registered at Con­ gressional Hearing Against Birth Control BiH- Study Club Program in the Great Falls, Mont., Diocese- 2,800 Gold Star Pilgrims to Visit Overseas Cemeteries in 1931- N. C. W. C. Social Action Department Joins in Unemployment Confer.ence­ Plans for the Observance of "Catholic Peace Day"- The 1931 Religious Vacation School Manual- The Rural Parish Credit Union- Catholic Women's Contribution to Unemployment Relief- N. C. C. W. Announces Membership of Seven Permanent National Committees- 1931 Convention of N. C. C. W. to be Held in Washington- Regular REVIEW Departments

Speakers' Outline on tiThe Christian Way to Peace"

Subscription Price VOL. XIII, No.3 Domestic-$l.OO per year March, 1931 Foreign-$l.25 per year 2 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE 'NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE

N. C. W. C. Administrative f( This organization (the N. C. Purpose of the N. C. W. C. Committee W. C.) is not only useful, but IN THE WORDS OF OUR HOLY FATHER: MOST REV. EDWARD J. HANNA, D.D. necessary. .. We praise all "Since you (the Bishops) reside in of San Francisco cities far apart and there are matters who in any way cooperate in this of a higher import demanding YOU1' Chairman great work."-POPE PIUS XI. joint deliberation. . . . it is im­ perative that by taking counsel together I RT. REV. THOMAS F. LILLIS, D.D. you all agree on one common aim and Bishop of Kansas City FACTS ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION with one united will strive for its attain­ Vice-Chairman ment by employing, as you now do, the HE National Catholic Welfare Conference was means which are adequate and adapted Chairman, Department of Social Action T organized in September, 1919. to present-day conditions." The N. C. W. C. is a common agency acting un­ -Pope Pius XI to the Bishops of the United RT. REV. PHILIP R. McDEVITT, D.D. der the authority of the Bishops to promote the States, August, 1927. Bishop of Harrisburg welfare of the Catho' 3 of the country. IN THE WORDS OF OUR BISHOPS: Secretary It has for its incor orated purposes "unifying, coordinating and orgamzing the Catholic people of "We have grouped 'together, under the United States in works of education, social wel­ the National Catholic Welfare Confer­ MOST REV. JOHN T. McNICHOLAS, fare, immigrant aid and other activities." ence, the various agencies by which O.P., S.T.M. It comprises six departments-EXECUTIVE, EDU­ the cause of religion is furthered. Archbishop of Cincinnati CATION, PRESS, SOCIAL ACTION, LEGAL and LAY Each of these, continuing its own Chairman, Department of Education ORGANIZATIONS, including the National Councils of special work in its chosen field., will Catholic Men and Catholic Women. now derive additional support through general cooperation. RT. REV. , D.D. The Conference is conducted by an Administra­ "The task assigned to each depart­ Bishop of Cleveland tive Committee composed of seven ment is so laborious and yet so promis­ and Bishops. ing of results, that we may surely ex­ Chairman, Department of Lay Each department of the N. C. W. C. is adminis­ O~ganizations - pect, with the Divine assistance and tered by an Episcopal Chairman. the loyal support of our clergy and Through the General Secretary, chief executive people, to promote more effectually RT. REV. HUGH C. BOYLE, D.D. officer of the Conference, the reports of the Depart­ the glory of God, the interests of His Bishop of Pittsburgh ments and information on the general work of the Church, and the welfare of our Chairman, Press Department headquarter's staff are sent regularly to the mem­ Country." bers of the Administrative Committee. -From the 1919 Pastoral Letter of the The Administrative Bishops of the Conference re­ Archbishops and Bishops of the U. S. RT. REV. JOHN O. MURRAY, S.T.D. port annually upon their work to the . Bishop of Portland Annually at the general meeting of the Bishops, Chairman, Legal Department detailed reports are submitted by the Administra­ tive Bishops of the Conference and authorization Departments and Bureaus secured for the work of the coming year. No official action is taken by any N. C. W. C. EXECUTIVE-Bureaus maintained: I m­ Assistant Bishops department without authorization of its Episcopal migration, Publicity and Information, Chairman. Historical Records, Publications, Bus­ Administrative Committee No official action is taken in the name of the iness and Auditing. whole Conference without authorization and ap­ MOST REV. SAMUEL A. STRITCH, D.D. proval of the Administrative Committee. . EDUCATION-Divisions: Statistics and Archbishop of Milwaukee It is not the policy of the N. C. W. C. to create I nformation, Teachers' Registration, Library. RT. REV. EDWARD F. HOBAN, D.D. new organizations. Bishop of Rockford . It helps, unifies, and leaves to their own fields PREss-Serves the Catholic Press in those that already exist. the United States and abroad with RT. REV. JOHN F. NOLL, D.D. It aims to defend and to advance the welfare both Bishop of Fort Wayne f regular news, feature, editorial and of the and of our beloved Country. pictorial services. RT. REV. EMMET M. WALSH, D.D. It seeks to inform the life of America of right fun­ Bishop of Charleston damental principles of religion and morality. SOCIAL ACTION-Covers the fields of I t is a central clearing house of information re­ Industrial Relations, Citizenship, So­ RT. REV. JOSEPH F. RUMMEL. D.D. garding activities of Catholic men and women. cial Work and Rural Welfare. Bishop of Omaha All that are helped may play their part in pro­ RT. REV. JOHN F. O'HERN, D.D. moting the good work and in maintaining the com­ LEGAL-Serves as a clearing house of Bishop of Rochester Irion agency, the National Catholic Welfare Con­ information on federal, state and ference. local legislation. RT. REV. EDWIN V. O'HARA, D.D. The N. C. W. C. REVIEW records monthly Bishop of Great Falls the work of the Conference and its affiliated organi- LA Y ORGANIZATIONs-Maintains a per- zations. It presents our common needs and oppor- manent representation in the inter- tunities. Its special articles are helpful to every ests of the . Functions .. d . d"d I through local units of some 3500 REV. JOHN J. BURKE, C.S.P., S.T.D. C ath 0 lic orgamzation an 10 IV! ua. societies affiliated with the N. C. General Secretary , C.M.andN.C.C.W. ~------~-~I CHARL~A.McMAHo~E~fur --~------~I PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE Publication Office NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE Editorial and Executive Office Industrial Building Entered 8.8 second-class matter at the post-office at Baltimore, Md., under the Act of 1312 Massachusetts Ave., N. W. March 3, 1879. All changes of address, renewals and subscriptions should be sent Baltimore, Md. direct to N. C. W. C. REVIEW, Industrial Building, Baltimore, Md., or 1312 Massa- Washington, D. C. chusetts Ave., N.W., WashingtOn, D. C.

The contents of the N. C. W. C. REVI EW are listed in the CATHOLIC PERIODICAL INDEX. March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 3

AROUND THE CONFERENCE TABLE "Come now, that we may take counsel together."-2 Esdras, Chapter VI: 7.

MEMBERS OF THE of St. est and activity on matters of Catholic con­ Francis in every part of the United VATICAN POLYGLOT PRESS EDITION cern in as many different fields of action. States are preparing for the nation-wide con­ OF MARRIAGE The National Council of Catholic Men has vention of the Order which also appointed six permanent national com­ . Third Order is to be held at San Fran­ THE N. C. W. C. has published a new mittees whose work is expected to bring of St. Francis cisco, August 9 to 12. pamphlet edition of the Encyclical Letter about an increase of Ub.t,holic Action among Convention The forthcoming conven- of His Holiness, Pope Pius XI, on "Christian the Catholic laymen of the country. tion will be the third meet­ Marriage." The new edition is a reprint ing of the kind to be held in the United States. from the text issued by the Vatican Polyglot + + + I t is the desire of the directors of the Third Press and differs somewhat from the previ­ WASHINGTON HAS joined the grow­ Order Secular, who are chosen from the ranks ously cabled text in punctuation and capitals ing number of cities throughout the of the Order of Minor, the Order of and to a small degree in the choice and order country which provide a preferred rate of Minor Conventuals and the Order of Minor of words. This edition includes also all the fare for school children on Capuchins, that these conventions shall be footnotes of the official text of the Encyclical. Reduced Fares street cars and busses. held about every five years and that they be This definitive edition has already sur­ for School In Washington, the na- made to coincide so far as possible with im­ passed in circulation the earlier edition, which Children .tion's capital, this ques- portant Franciscan anniversaries. The con­ had run into five separate printings when the tion has been agitated for vention next August will serve to commemo­ Vatican Polyglot Press edition was substi­ a number of years. The demand for a lower rate the seventh centennial of the death of tuted. fare for school children has been ardently St. Anthony of . Everywhere throughout the various arch­ supported by parent-teacher associations and Established 710 years ago by St. Francis and dioceses, the clergy and laity by the local civic bodies whose demands were himself, the Third Order Secular ranks as are being urged by the ecclesiastical authori­ represented by William McK. Clayton, one of the most important lay organizations ties to study and help circulate this import­ chairman of the Public Interests Committee of the Church. There are more than 100,000 ant pronouncement. In many dioceses bish­ of the Federation of Civic Clubs. But the members of the organization in the United ops have asked that the Lenten sermons be pioneer and perhaps the most persistent ad­ States and Canada. based upon its text. vocate of lower fares for school children was The N. C. W. C. REVIEW again calls at­ John J. Noonan, who has persevered from tention to the analysis of the Encyclical the beginning of the movement for this relief. IT IS ENCOURAGING to note in . the re- printed in last month's issue . and to the ac­ The first favorable action, taken by t~e ports of Catholic lay activity that come companying study outline. Reference to this House of Representatives sometime ago, pro­ regularly to N. G. W. C. headquarters evi­ material will aid the laity especially in a vided that reduced street car and bus fares dences of a constantly proper appreciation of the important points should be given to children attending public Encouraging growing body of alert, of the Encyclical. schools. When this bill came before the Sen­ Evidences of well-informed and active The price of the N. C. W. C. Polyglot Press ate Committee of the District of Columbia men and women capable edition of the Encyclical is ten cents per sin­ and the District Public Utilities Commis­ of presenting the Cath­ gle copy, post paid; $4.50 per hundred copies, sion, Charles F. Dolle, executive secretary olic viewpoint with regard to matters of gen­ carriage paid. of the National Council of Catholic Men eral public interest. Particularly is this appeared as the representative of Most noticeable in the field of legislation where our Reverend Michael J. Curley, Archbishop of Catholic men and women are appearing at Baltimore.. He joined others who advocated legislative hearings, national and local, in a gives further promise, as it has already its application to all the schools of the Dis­ manner most creditable to themselves and yielded fruit. trict and presented statiStical evidence of their Church. Through their national conventions, the attendance at the parochial schools and Yet this more loyal response, this wider, through frequent diocesan, deanery and local schools of secondary education in the Cath­ more frequent need should bestir us to bring meetings, through study clubs, and through olic school system of the District, including into Catholic action the well-informed, the the supply of informative literature constantly academies and colleges and argued for its experienced, the specially qualified Catholic clearing to Catholic organizations of men and universal application. As a result of these men and women throughout the country. women throughout the country from the Lay united efforts, the Congress has now enacted The recent hearing in Washington on a Organizations Department of the N. C. W. C., a law authorizing the Public Utilities Com­ birth control bill offered testimony to the our Catholic people are being helped to in­ mission to fix a special rate of fare, not ex­ 7.eal and the capabilities of our Catholic or­ form themselves on a great variety of ques­ ceeding three cents, applicable to all youth ganizations and their representatives. The tions and to reflect the Catholic viewpoint under eighteen years of age, good for trans­ defence and the exposition of our own princi­ in their respective communities whenever portation to and from all schools, public, ples demand in many cases experts who can occasion requires. private and parochial, on days when school answer specific objections. Zeal to meet the The recent action of the Executive Board is in session. opportunity should not blind us to the prepa­ of the National Council of Catholic Women The courts have upheld this type of legis­ ration necessary to meet it well. This means in organizing seven permanent national com­ lation as a proper exercise of legislative pow­ time and labor. And the work already done mittees is a forward step in promoting inter- ers in the interest of education. '1' 4 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931

Address of His Holiness, Pope Pius XI Broadcast to the World February 12, 1931, from Station HVJ, Vati~an City

The following is the official translation of the address delivered by His Holiness, I , and broadcast to the world on the occasion of the official opening of the V atican City radio station (HVJ ) on February 12, 1931. This translation was made by the Rt. Rev. Msgr. Francis J. Spellman, American prelate attached to the Papal Secretariat of State, and was transmitted to the N. C. W. C. N EWS SERVI CE by its corres pondent.

o ALL CREATION: Having in Archbishops, Bishops, prelates and priests, God's mysterious designs become chief objects of Our daily solicitude as T the successor of the Prince of the well as faithful sharers and helpers in Apostles- of those Apostles whose doc­ Our labors. trine and preaching were by Divine com­ mand destined for all nations and for We earnestly exhort each one to per­ every creature- being the first Pope to severe in his vocation, that you walk make use of this truly wonderful Mar­ worthily in the vocation in which you conian invention, We in the first place are called, feeding the flock of God turn to all things and to all men, and We which is among you, being made, in your say to them : souls, an example of the flock, so that "Hear, 0 ye heavens, the things I when the Prince of Shepherds shall ap­ speak. Let the earth give ear to the pear, you may receive a never-fading Whose radio message broadcast from words of my mouth. Hear these thi~gs . capital of Christen­ crown of glory. dom. on the occasion of t.he formal all ye nations; give ear, all ye inhabitants opening of the Vatican Ci ty radio station, is printed herewith. of the world, both rich and poor together. Meanwhile, may the God of Peace Give ear, ye islands, and hearken ye peopl~ from afar." Who brought again from the dead the Great Shep­ herd of the Sheep, Our Lord Jesus Christ, in the blood of His everlasting Testament, adorn you with TO God : And let Our first words be : " Glory to God . in the highest and on earth peace to men of good all goodness that you may do His will, doing in will." you that which is well pleasing in His sight through Jesus Christ. Glory to God Who in our days hath given such power to men that their words should reach in very truth to the ends of the earth. And peace on earth, where Weare ambassador of that Divine Redeemer TO Religious: We now speak to you sons and daugh- Jesus, Who, coming, preached peace- peace to them ters of Our predilection, who, zealous for the bet­ that were afar off and peace to them that were nigh, ter gifts, are not content to obey the Commandments bringing peace in the blood of His Cross, both as to merely, but by the pledge of your holy vows and the the things on earth and the things that are in heaven. religious disciplining of your entire lives faithfully fulfill the desires and counsels of the Divine King and Spouse. Thus is God' s Church filled with the fra­ TO Catholics: Turning now to men, We bear in grance of your chastity, made glorious by your con­ mind the words of the Apostle- "Work good to templations, supported by your prayers, enriched with all men, but expecially to those who are of the house­ your learning and knowledge, beautified and per­ hold of the Faith." fected from day to day by the ministry of your words Weare pleased, therefore, to speak in the first place and your apostolic works. to those who have been received into and are living in the Master's family and in the Master's fold of Yours, therefore, is a truly celestial and angelic vo­ the Catholic Church and call Us by the loving name of cation, and the more precious the treasure you possess, Father- to all, that is, fathers and sons, sheep and the greater must be your diligence in guarding it so lambs whom Christ the Universal Pastor and King that not only you may make safe your vocation and has entrusted to Us to nourish and to guide. election, but in addition, as specially faithful and de­ voted servants, offer to the heart of your King and TO the Hierarchy: We address you, Our fellow Spouse some consolation and reparation for the num­ laborers in the various orders of the Hierarchy, berless offenses and negligences with which men re­ Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Patriarchs, quire His ineffable love. March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 5

To Missionaries: N ow Our words go out to you, TO Subjects: To those who are subjects We say Our most dear sons and daughters in Christ who, be obedient not as to men, but as to God, knowing in the mission fields of the world, are laboring in prayer that he that resisteth the power resisteth the ordinance to propagate the Holy Faith of Christ and to spread of God, and they that resist purchase to themselves His Kingdom. As the first Apostles of the Church, damnation. so you too, in-dangers, in trials of patience, in tribula- - tions, in necessities, are made a spectacle. As they, so also are you the glory of Christ, you who in labors, TO the Rich: To the rich, and also to the poor, We often likewise in chains, and in your blood, are fight­ speak. We remind the rich to consider themselves ing even unto death the great and good fight of faith as ministers of God's providence, as trustees and and of suffering, and by your brave example are win­ stewards of His gifts. To them Christ Jesus Himself ning souls and sowing the seed of future Christians. has confided the poor. From them the Divine Judge We salute you, gallant soldiers of Christ! will demand more because they have received more. Let them never forget the words of Christ, "Woe to And, too, we salute those native priests and faithful you that are rich." catechists who are at once the principal fruits and the loyal sharers of your labors. TO the Poor: We earnestly exhort the poor to think of the poverty of Jesus Christ Our Lord and Saviour. We ask them to be mindful of His example and prom­ All the Faithful: Our heart is open to you all- TO ises. We ask them not to neglect what is easier for to the faithful of Our episcopal city and to the faith­ them, the acquisition of spiritual wealth. And whilst ful of all the world, and most particularly to you of the they are endeavoring to better their condition, as law­ laity who are sharing with Us, with Our Venerable fully they may, let them with a good and upright Brethren the Bishops and with Our priests, the labors heart commend themselves to God and not stretch of the apostolate. Like the first believers, men and forth their hands to iniquity. women whom the Apostle for that reason praises, you are God's people and the sheep of His fold. You are -a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a , Laborers and Employers : We earnestly en- a purckased people. Let your , then, be known TO treat laborers and employers to put aside hostile to all men, and whatsoever things are true, what­ rivalry and strife and unite in friendly and brotherly soever modest, whatsoever just, whatsoever holy, accord, the employers supplyjng means and direction, '" whatsoever lovely, whatsoever of good fame, if there the laborers industry and toil. Let both seek what is be any virtue, if any praise of discipline, think on just and both give what is just. Let both at one and these things. These do ye that God may be honored the same time work out the good of each and the good in you. of all in the tranquility of order.

TO Unbelievers and Those Outside the Fold: To To the Affiicted: Our last word is reserved for you, you who are still separated from the Faith and Unity last in time but first in Our thought and in the affec­ of Christ, Our thoughts and Our prayers are turned. tion of Our heart-for you who are weak and suffering, Daily, indeed, do We offer prayers and sacrifices for affiicted and distressed, especially if these affiictions you to the God and Lord of all, earnestly beseeching and distresses are at the hands of the enemies of God Him to illumine you with the lamp of Faith and to lead and of society. Offering you Our prayers and, as far and unite you to those sheep who hear His voice, as possible, Our help, and recommending you to the "that there may be one fold and one shepherd." charity of all, as representative of Christ We say to you, "Come to Me, all you that labor, and are bur­ dened, and I will refresh you." TO Leaders of Peoples: Since we are debtors to all, in the first place, We pray leaders to govern in justice and in charity unto edification, and not unto IT remains for Us to impart to the city and to the destruction, and to be ever mindful that there is no world, and to all who dwell therein, Our Apostolic power but from .God and that they must render unto Blessing. This We do in the name of the Father and God a strict account. of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. -

N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 U. S. Catholics Thrilled by Holy Father's Radio Address Supreme Pontiff's Vital Message to World Praised in All Quarters

ATHOLICS IN EVERY SECTION of the United The Washington Star declared that "If the messages of States, in union with their coreligionists throughout justice, charity and peace which the Vatican City radio sta­ C the world, thrilled at the sound of the voice of His tion flashed throughout the ether of both hemispheres yes­ Holiness, Pope Pius XI, and to the inspiring message which terday are symbolical of the future broadcasts from that ex­ he deliv@red February 12, 1931, on the. occasion of the official alted quarter, the world can only hope that Pius XI will be opening of the Vatican City radio station. The inspiring 'on the air' often." utterance of the Holy Father was received with the greatest Hundreds of Amerjcan newspapers lauded the Holy joy and gratitude by millions of the faithful in the United Father's broadcast in similar vein and hailed his words as a States who never expected to be accorded so great a privilege. vital message to all Christians. In the streets of many American cities men, women and In Washington, capital city of the nation, the Holy children knelt to receive the apostolic benediction and to Father's American representative, His Excellency, Most Rev. utter prayers of thanks that the Holy Father had been ietro Fumasoni-Biondi, together with noted prelates, diplo­ pleased to "let ~is voice be heard all over the world." rr.ats and representatives of the laity, received the voice of In circles outside the Catholic Church, Pope Pius Xl's the Holy Father in the Crypt of the National Shrine of the message was listened to with deep interest and reverence by 1m naculate Conception on the campus of the Catholic Uni­ millions of non-Catholics. The network of radio stations versity of America, where a Solemn commemorating throughout, the United States brought the clear, distinct the ninth anniversary of the Holy Father's coronation was voice of the Supreme Pontjff into millions of homes and pub­ celebrated. When the voice of His Holiness was heard, the lic places of assembly. The Holy Father's plea, voiced great Crypt was entirely silent. This silence was not broken from the seat of the Mother Church of Christendom, for until the Holy Father had completed his address and the peace and amity throughout the world and his words of Very Rev. Msgr. Paul Marella, auditor of the Apostolic good will to all mankind, evoked expressions of commenda­ Delegation, began the Mass. . tion everywhere. Editors of secular newspapers, while lauding tl;l.e progressiveness of the Supreme Pontiff in tak­ A S the words of His Holiness came to t.he congregation ing advantage of the utility of the radio, praised his message everyone listened with the most marked attention. as a powerful influence in counteracting the effect of Soviet Prelates, prie: ts, , diplomats, high officials, teachers, propaganda and as an equally powerful stimulus to world­ students, and humble workers sat motionless listening to wide concord and Christian brotherhood. every syllable pronounced by the Holy Father. Many were movrd by the thought and beauty of the message. It was T HE New Yor" Times stated editorially: "The whole was clear that all were impressed by the olemnity and import­ a sort of unconscious fulfilment of the sublime oracle of ance of the occasion. At the conclu ion of the Mass the t he Psalmist: 'In Apostolic Dele­ omnem terram exi­ gate imparted the vit sonus eorum, apostolic bles ing et in fines orbis to the congrega­ terrae verba eor­ tion. The Very um.'. . But Rev. John F. Fen­ all must have felt lon, S.S., provin­ a similar exalta­ cial of the SuI pi­ tion and splendor cians in the in the voice which United States and was transmitted of St. to the universal Mary's Seminary, ear on Thursday . Baltimore, Md., conveying the was the preacher blessing and the of the occasion. solemn injunc­ Immediately tions of the one following the whom millions broadcast congra­ 'reverence as the HIS EXCELLENCY, ARCHBISHOP FUMASONI-BIONDI, APOSTOLIC DELEGATE TO THE UNITED tulatory messages STATES, LISTENING TO THE HOLY FATHER'S RADIO MESSAGE TO THE WORLD chief . expounder The Holy Father's voice was heard by his American representative and a distinguished congregation of ecclesiastics were sent to the and lay persons at the National Shrine of the , Washington, D. C., the transmission being arranged of revealed the- by the National Broadcasting Company. The picture shows His Excellency, the Apostolic Delegate, seated with Very Holy Father by Rev. Msgr. Patrick J. McCormick, professor of Education, Catholic University'of America GeIt), and Rt. Rev. Msgr. ology." Bernard A. McKenna, director of the Shrine (right). . the Administra- March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 7 tive Committee, N. C. W. C., in accordance with plans pre­ from the headquarters of the N a­ N. c. w. C. BISHOPS AND PRESIDENTS OF MEN'S viously made, in a two-way con­ tional Catholic Welfare Confer­ AND WOMEN'S COUNCILS CONGRATULATE versation with National Broad­ ence, 1312 Massachusetts Ave., HOLY FATHER ON BROADCAST casting officials gave explana­ N. W., Washington, D. C., and A FTER the broadcast of the Holy Father's message tions of the proceedings for the by the presidents of the National to the world, the Administrative Committee of specific benefit of American lis­ Councils of Catholic Men and Bishops of the N. C. W. C., together with the presidents teners. Women. These messages are of the National Councils of Catholic Men and Women, In the course of the conversa­ cabled messages of gratitude and congratulation to the printed herewith as an insert. Holy Father as follows: tion, the Rt. Rev. John J. Dunn, From the Administrative Committee: "Administrative Auxiliary Bishop of New York THE two great broadcasting Committee of Bishops, National Catholic Welfare Con­ and representative of His Emi­ chains of the United States ference, send respectful congratulations Your Holiness' nence, Patrick Cardinal Hayes, -the National Broadcasting address today. Wonderful, you, Vicar of Christ, had at the broadcasting ceremonies, Company and the Columbia­ whole world for audience. Voice excellent. Message in­ spiring, universal. Will bring whole world nearer Christ. spoke with Vaticall City, and carried the Pope's message from Our people most grateful. We beg Your Holiness' Monsignor Spellman spoke with coast to coast. Meantime the benediction.' , Monsignor Donahue, Cardinal great European stations, the From the National Council of Catholic Women: teN a­ Hayes' secretary. South American and Oriental tional Council of Catholic Women, representing two thous­ stations, were picking . up the and Catholic women's organizations, sends His Holiness . filial gratitude for radio address just heard here. All are IN the afternoon, a dual circuit short waves from Vatican City profoundly impressed and all beg His Holiness' bene­ was established between the and broadcasting them to mil­ diction." Vatican and. National Broad­ lions of listeners. From the National Council of Catholic Men: "National casting Company, and listeners At the New York studios of Council of Catholic Men of the United States respectfully heard a two-way conversation the National Broadcasting Com­ sends to His Holiness heartiest congratulations address just heard here. We beg the Apostolic benediction." of Mr. Aylesworth, president of pany a distinguished group of The message of the Administrative Committee was N. B. C., and others, with Sena­ ecclesiastics and other invited signed by its seven members and by the seven assistant tor Marconi and Gaston guests listened to the Holy members of the Committee; that of the N. C. C. W., Mathieu, his technical assistant Father's broadcast and to the by Miss Mary G. Hawks, national president; and of the in Rome. N. C. C. M., by Walter Johnson, national president. English transl,a,tion of the mes­ Mutual felicitations were ex­ sage read immediately following changed. Mr. Aylesworth ex­ by the Rt. Rev. Msgr. Francis pressed to the Vatican engineer J. Spellman, American prelate atta9hed to the Papal Secre­ his company's sincere appreciation' for the opportunity of tariat of State. In the studio were the Rt. Rev. John J. cooperating in the epochal event by re-transmitting it in Dunn, Auxiliary Bishop of New York; Msgr. Michael J. America, and C. W. Horn, general engineer, congratulated Lavelle; Msgr. Stephen J. Donahue, secretary to Cardinal Mathieu on the excellent strength and quality of the signals. Hayes; the Rev. Charles L. O'Donnell, C.S.C., president of Two of America's foremost broadcasting authorities paid Notre Dame University; the Rev. Karl J. Alter, director of s~eeping tribute to Senator Marconi's brilliant feat in over­ speakers of the Catholic Hour conducted by the National coming formidable radio problems so that the voice of the Council of Catholic Men; the Rev. R. A. McGowan, assist­ Pope might be heard almost at will over the face of the globe ant director of the Social Action Department, National through the new Vatican City station, HVJ. Catholic Welfare Conference; Charles F. Dolle, executive ~ecretary of the National Council of Catholic Men; M. H. STATEMENTS issued by Q. W. Horn, general engineer Aylesworth, president of the National Broadcasting Com­ of N. B. C., and Dr. Alfred N. Goldsmith, Radio Corpor­ pany, and John W. Elwood, vice-president of the company. ation of America's chief broadcasting engineer, lauded the This group, gathered together in a small studio in the large accomplishments and explained some of the difficulties that broadcasting station, heard the voice of the Pope for the were overcome. first time. Sound pictures were made by motion picture John E. Elwood, vice-president of the National Broad­ cameramen during the broadcast. casting Company, conversed with Senator Marconi, and in­ troduced Senator Marconi and Charles F. Dolle, executive LATER from the Pontifical Academy of Science, addresses secretary of the National Council of Catholic Men. Mr. were broadcast by the Rev. P. G. Gianfranceschi, presi­ Dolle, speaking with Senator Marconi, expressed the deep dent of the Academy, by Senator Marconi, and again by appreciation of the Catholic laity of the country for the His Holiness. These addresses were in Italian. Then came Holy Father's address, and felicitated Senator Marconi upon an interval of instrumental music, also originating in the his induction into the Pontifical Academy of Science. Vatican station. Mr. Dolle also took occasion to acquaint Senator Marconi Following the conclusion of the formal part of the pro­ with the cooperation received by the National Council of gram, officials of the station came to the microphone, and Catholic Men from the National Broadcasting Company in -

8 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931

N . C . w. C. AND N. B . C . OFFICIALS CONVERSING WITH THE VATICAN CITY RADIO STATION (HVJ) Following the worldwide broadcast of Pope Pius Xl's message on February 12 , 1931, executives of the National Catholic Welfare Conference and officials of the National Broad­ casting Company can-ied on a two-way conversation with Senator Marconi and officials of t hE' Vatican City station (see below). From left to right, those seated at the table are: Rev. R. A . McGowan, assistant director, N . C . W. C . Social Action Department, Rev. Karl J. Alter, direotor of the Speakers' Program of the Catholic Hour. John W. Elwood, vice-president, . B . C., Charles W. Horn, general engineer of N. B . C., and Charles F . Dolle, executive secretary, N. C . C . I'll.

the broadcast of the Catholic Hour, now nearing the end of Immediately after the broadcast, sound pictures were its first year. made of Bishop Dunn, Monsignor Donahue and others Senator Marconi expressed great pleasure in receiving present. these messages, and asked Mr. Dolle to speak with Mon­ Through arrangements made by the National Council of signor Spellman. Monsignor Spellman himself expressed Catholic MC'n with the National Broadcasting Company, much pleasure in the reports of the success of the broadcast. the radio stations of St. Louis University, St. Louis, Mo.; The following members of the clergy sat in a private studio Loyola University, New Orleans, La.; Marquette, Mil­ in the National Broadcasting Company building; the Rev. waukee, Wis.; St. Norbert College, West de Pere, Wis.; the James Daly, St. Monica's Church, New York; the Rev. Joseph Paulist Station, New York City; and the station operated Krug, St. Gregory the Great, Harrison, N. Y.; the Rev. John by the Rev. E. P. Graham at St. John's Catholic Church, Casey, St. Ann's; the Rev. John Maguire, St. Patrick's Old Canton, Ohio, were added as guest stations and the National Cathedral, and the Rev. Edward Waterson, of Catholic Col­ Broadcasting Company at its own expense arranged for the lege, New York. Rev. Francis X. Talbot, associate editor of wire connections with these stations which made the broad­ A merica, also attended and reported the proceedings. cast of the message possible.

AN INTERESTING MESSAGE FROM PEB,U CATHOLIC ACTION PROGRAM OF COLLEGE THE value of a contact on the part of Catholic women in the United A DEPARTMENT of Catholic Action called the Students' Aposto­ States with our sisters in South America is evidenced in the extract late has been organized at Trinity College, ioux City, Iowa, by from a letter recently received by Miss Marguerite Boylan, whose arti­ William F. Ferree, S.M. cle on the Catholic women of Peru appeared in the January N. C. W. C. The purposes of this organization are: to make the students ac­ REVIEW. The writer, a prominent Catholic woman of Lima, speaks quainted with the major problems of today, and to show them the with enthusiasm of the recent growth and development of their pro­ Catholic solution; to prepare the students for future leadership in mod­ gram of Catholic action. ern Catholic action; to provide the students with opportunities to en­ "Due to this wholesome fact," she writes, "our Catholic action is gage in actual leadership now. going on much more easily now, each one being so eager to help and to There are seven departments of activity in the Students' Apostolate, show herself as a real Catholic. Last month we had our second assem­ as follows: Organization, Catholic Press, Catholic Literature, Apolo­ bly of the parish committees of the archdiocese. Of the thirty-two getics, Catholic Action, Social Action and Missions. parishes that we have in Lima, thirty sent their full membership, and The members of the Students' Apostolate are recruited from among all of them came with such enthusiasm and good-will that it was really the students of Trinity College, and only those join who are willing to a great success. The Archbishop presided. Of course, I did not forget give part of their time to modern Catholic Action and to the study of . to give them your message, and all expressed their desire of most prac­ the problems which that implies. tical association and correspondence with the Catholic women in the It is encouraging to note this increased interest in Catholic Action United States." programs among Catholic students throughout the United States. Jfarch, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 9 The First Year of the Catholic Hour By Charles A. McMahon

HE FEBRUARY 22, 1931, program marked the which certainly will listen in interestedly, and even sym­ close of the first year of the Catholic Hour. This pathetically, I am sure, to the voice of the ancient Church T presentation sponsored by the National Council of with its historic background of all the centuries of the Chris­ tian era.... Catholic Men is regarded by lnany as one of the best offer­ "The purpose of the national Catholic Hour is not to tri­ ings on the air. umph or to boast: not to attack or to blame: but to serve. The Catholic Hour is a step in the development of the and in the ~easure that it serves, and only in that measure, program laid upon the National Council of Catholic Men by will it succeed. With us and by us, it is intended to convey its "eighth annual convention in Cincinnati in 1928. That the revealed teachings of Our Lord, Jesus Christ, the one Saviour for ali mankind. . . . ' convention directed the National Council of Catholic Men ((Thus to voice before a vast public the Catholic Church is to use all its resources to cause the Church, its doctrines no light task. Our prayers will be with those who have that and its teachings to be better known to America in order task in hand. We feel certain that it will have both the good that she may be better understood in places where there is will and the good wishes of the great majority of our country­ misunderstanding or prejudice. men. Surely, there is no true lover of our Country who does not eagerly hope for a less "worldly, a less material, and a Through the courtesy of the National Broadcasting Com­ more spiritual standard among our people. pany and its associated stations there was begun on March "With good will, with kindness and with Christlike sym­ 2, 1930, a broadcast of Catholic religious programs of nation­ pathy for ali, this work is inaugurated. So may it continue. wide scope. These programs have continued every Sunday So may it be fulfilled. This word of dedication voices, there­ evening since that date. fore, the hope that this radio hour may serve to make known, to explain with the charity of. Christ, our faith, which we love Before undertaking the work, representatives of the N a­ even as we love Christ Himself. May it serve to make better tional Council of Catholic Men discussed with represen­ understood that faith as it really is-a light revealing the path­ tatives of the broadcasting company arrangements under way to heaven; a strength, and a power divine through Christ: which the broadcast would be conducted. The Company pardoning our sins, elevating, consecrating our common every­ from the beginning and always, showed itself courteous and day duties and joys, bringing not only justice but gladness and peace to our searching and questioning hearts." generous. The National Council of Catholic Men, through its presi­ THOSE in charge of the production of the programs have dent, Walter Johnson, and its Board of Directors, gratefully adhered to this policy and will continue to do so. accepted this offer of the N ation~l Broadcasting Company of the free use of its wires for a Catholic broadcast for one Acknowledgment of deep obligation is freely made to hour on every Sunday. the National Broadcasting Company and its associated sta­ tions {or the splendid cooperation received in the prepara­ SINCE the work is a Catholic work and the National tions for this enterprise and in carrying it out. Council of Catholic :lVIen is an integral part of the The Catholic broadcast is known as the "Catholic Hour." National Catholic Welfare Conference, the Administrative It was inaugurated on March 2, 1930, over a network of 24 Committee of the Conference, and later the general meet­ stations. It met instant popular favor and the favor, also, ing of the Bishops, approved the work. For its right con­ of practically all of the stations associated on the Red duct as to speaking program, the Administrative Commit­ Network System of the Company: tee assigned and authorized definite individuals and a The number of stations broadcasting the Hour quickly definite process of procedure. The one great aim of the multiplied. On April 27, with the change to daylight saving broadcast has been that it time, the Catholic Hour was worthily represent, accurately broadcast over 47 stations cover­ and fully present, the teaching ing practically the entire "country. of the Catholic Church. EXPRESSION OF THANKS With the return to standard time Inaugurating the Catholic on September 27, nearly all of THE National Council of Catholic Men gives public Hour, one year ago, His Emi­ thanks to the National Broadcasting Company and these were able to adjust their nence, Patrick Cardinal Hayes, its associated stations for the free use of their broadcasting schedules to retain the Catholic said in part: facilities and for their cooperation in presenting the Hour. Today, it is broadcast CATHOLIC HOUR: to the radio audience for the ex­ over 45 stations and those in "This radio hour is for all pressions of interest and approval we have received and to the people of the United generous men and women and organizations whose finan­ charge of the Hour know from States. To our fellow-citizens, cial contributions make it possible for the National Council correspondence and from per­ in this word of dedication, we of Catholic Men to meet the heavy expense required to sonal assurance received from wish to express a cordial greet­ produce the programs and conduct the work incident to the owners and managers of the ing and, indeed, congratula­ the CATHOLIC HOUR. tions. For this radio hour is stations, that there is an equal one of service to America, appreciation on the part of the 10 N. C. W. C. REVIEvV Nlarch, 1931 stations for the excellence of tina and the Union of South the programs of the Cath­ Mrican States. It has been olic Hour as there is on heard also in Costa Rica, the the part of the National Island of Trinidad, Labora­ Council of Catholic Men dor, and Ireland. The Gen­ for the wholehearted coop­ eral Electric Company has eration it is receiving from been broadcasting the pro­ the stations. grams on short wave length and it is felt that they TO special groups of Cath- have been receiNed by peo­ olics the programs being ple in all parts of the world. broadcast each Sunday are Information coming from proving not merely interest­ priests and laity is that the ing, but particularly helpful exposition of Catholic teach­ REV. JOHN K. CARTWRIGHT, PH.D. REV. HUBERT L. MOTRY, D .D. in a spiritual way. These Speakers on The Catholic Hour R.Qginning March 1,1931 ing broadcast through 40 groups are, in the order of Dr. Cartwright, who is assistant pastor of St. trick's Church, Washington, D. C ., odd stations in every quar­ and professor of Church History in the Sulpichia .~ Seminary at the Catholic University their number, Catholics liv­ of America, will deliver four addresses on "The J our Marks of the Church"-Unity. ter of the country has been Sanctity, Catholicity and Apostolicity. Dr. Motry, who is a member of the faculty of ing in towns and in rural sec­ the School of Canon Law at the Catholic University of America, will be in charge of the disarming prejudice against Question Box beginning Sunday, March 1, and "oncluding Sunday, April 19. tions of the United States; the Church and creating an Catholic young men and young women in boarding schools entirely new impression in the non-Catholic mind with re­ from academy to university; and men and women living in gard to what Catholics really hold as their religious beliefs. institutions like hospitals and homes for the aged. THE expense of producing the programs and conducting Many letters come from various sections of the coun­ the work incident to these broadcasts amounts now in try testifying to the instruction, comfort, and consolation round figures to $800.00 per week. The enterprise is financed the writers derive from the Catholic Hour especially as they wholly by voluntary subscriptions. These come in the most are so remote from clergy and churches that they seldom or part from about. seventy-five men who have donated sums never have the privilege of attending Holy Mass and hear­ ranging from $100 to $1,000. Approximately two hundred ing sermons,. to say nothing of church music. This is im­ and fifty individuals have given in smaller sums which to­ portant because even in states which are populous and in gether aggregak about $3,000. The Supreme Council of which Catholics are numerous there are nevertheless rural the Knights of Columbus subscribed $5,000 for the year areas where there are few Catholic churches and schools. just ended. Subscriptions for the year 1930 amounted to In such places the Hour is most welcome. The address about $32,000, sufficient for the fu'st year. each Sunday substitutes for a sermon and the questions All of the money given for this Catholic Hour is kept and answers serve as catechetical instruction of a very prac­ separate from other income of the National Council of tical character. The speakers have been men of the finest Catholic Men. It is banked separately and its expenditures qualifications. The musical portions of the programs also are supervised by a finance committee composed of Major are of the highest type. Very few churches anywhere in the General Frank 1\tlcIntyre, U.S.A., retired, former Chief of United States can have choirs of the number and excellence the United States Bureau of Insular Affairs; Dr. Charles P. of those which take part in the Catholic Hour programs. Neill, former Comnlis. ioner of Labor under President Roosevelt, and Orie R. Kelly, president of the County FROM the authorities of various colleges for young men Trust Company, New York City. and women, and even of high schools, it is learned that The Catholic Hour is operated on a budget prepared by the Catholic Hour is regarded as not merely entertainment the National Council of Catholic Men and supervised by but part of the religious life of these institutions. Many of this finance committee. The Hour is under the direction of them require the students to assemble to hear the programs the Executive Radio Committee composed of Reverend Karl each Sunday. Thus for these young men and women the J. Alter, director of speakers; Grattan Kerans, director of addresses constitute a very definite and salutary course of programs; Reverend William J. Finn, C.S.P., director of instruction in religion. music; Reverend R. A. McGowan, representative of the Catholic patients in public institutions-municipal, county, General Secretary of the National Catholic Welfare Con­ state-are among the chief beneficiaries and principal ad­ ference, and Charles F. Dolle, executive secretary of the mirers of the Catholic Hour. In some instances these shut-ins National Council of Catholic Men. by reason of being bedridden or crippled are unable to at­ tend Mass even in the institution. Scores of letters from COLLABORATING with Dr. Alter is the Speakers' Ad- such sufferers and invalids have told of the spiritual assist­ visory Committee composed of six priests, professors or ance the programR have given them. instructors at the Catholic University of America, George­ The benefits of the Catholic Hour are not confined to the town University, the Sulpician Seminary and the Apostolic United States. It has been heard as far distant as Argen- 1\1i . ion House, and three experienced laymen. This commit- March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 11

tee selects the speakers, assigns the subjects and supervises published in pamphlet form They will be of inestimable the speaking portion of the program. The personnel of this value to' all who have followed with interest and profit the board at present is: Rev. Dr. John A. Ryan and Rev. Dr. programs of the Catholic Hour during the past year and de­ George Johnson of the National Catholic Welfare Conference; sire to promote its lasting good. Very Rev. Edward G. Fitzgerald, O.P., of the Dominican The musical portions of the programs are provided by House of Studies; Rev. Joseph 1. Malloy, C.S.P., of the the Paulist Choristers. This organization under the di­ Paulist Apostolic Mission House; Rev. Peter V. Masterson, rectipn of Reverend William J. Finn, C.S.P., is one of S.J., of Georgetown University; Rev. Dr. John K. Cart­ the best organiz~tions of its kind in the country. It is wright, of St. Patrick's Church; Dr. Constantine E. McGuire, supplemented by a group of vocal artists assembled by economist and writer; Dr. H. J. Crosson, a physician; Dr. Father Finn for this purpose alone. All members of this Hugh J. Fagan, dean of Georgetown Law School, and Grat­ group, which is known as the "Medaevalists," ;:-ank high in tan Kerans, director of programs, Catholic Hour, all of the profession and their ensemble and solo recitals are all of Washington, D. C. high artistic merit. The vocal parts of the programs are augmented by a string ensemble of equally high artistic THE speakers on the Catholic Hour have been His Emi- merit. nence, Patrick Cardinal Hayes, Archbishop of New The interest developed in the Catholic Hour throughout York; Right Reverend Joseph Schrembs, Bishop of Cleve­ the country and the support which it is receiving from lay­ land and episcopal chairman of the National Council of men and clergy alike make it certain that the mon~y neces­ Catholic Men, and M. H. Aylesworth, president of the sary to finance this radio hour permanently and to maintain National Broadcasting Company, on the inaugural program; it at the high standard which it has established can always Rev. Fulton J. Sheen, Ph.D., D.D., LL.D., professor of be obtained. Philosophy of Religion, Catholic University of America, who ----+,----- gave seven addresses during the period March 9th to April INCREASED INTEREST IN CATHOLIC APOLOGETICS IN 20th; Reverend George Johnson, Ph.D., associate professor ARCHDIOCESE OF ST. PAUL AND DIOCESE OF ALBANY of Education, Catholic University of America, who gave six addresses during the period April 27th to June 1st; FROM the Archdiocese of St. Paul and the Diocese of Albany comes news of the formation of diocesanwide organizations for the spread Reverend . Thomas F. Burke, C.S.P., pastor of Old St. of Catholic truth. Mary's Church, San Francisco, California, who gave three The recently formed Catholic Laymen's Association of the Arch­ addresses during the period of June 8th to June 22nd, 1930; diocese of St. Paul has for its purposes the dissemination of authoritative Reverend Dr. Francis L. Keenan, professor of Sacred Scrip­ information concerning the Catholic Church, 'its doctrines and princi­ ture, St. John's Ecclesiastical Seminary, Brighton, Mass., ples, and the promotion of goodwill among all classes of citizens. The Association proposes to contradict with leaflets and pamphlets propa­ who gave five addresses during the period of June 29th to ganda spread by bigots, to correct misstatements about the Church July 27th, 1930; Reverend Dr. Francis J. Connell, C.SS.R., appearing from time to time in the secular press, to develop a speakers' who gave one address on August 3, 1930; Reverend Benedict bureau, and to establish a headquarters which will serve as a general Bradley, O.S.B., who delivered one address on August 10, Catholic information bureau and clearing house for inquiries about the 1930; Reverend Thomas M. Schwertner, O.P., who gave one Church. It is intended, as the work of the Association develops, to seek active cooperation in the other dioceses of Minnesota, so that the address on August 17, 1930; Reverend Sigmund Cratz, organizat.ion eventually will become state wide. O.M.Cap., one address on August 24, 1930; Reverend M. The purposes of the Albany Diocesan Guild for Catholic Truth are J. Ahern, S.J., who gave one address on August 31, 1930; stated by the Rt. Rev. Edmund F. Gibbons, Bishop of Albany, to be Reverend Dr. Charles L. O'Donnell, C.S.C., president of (1) To propagate Catholic doctrine: (a) by' arranging ~nd conduct­ the University of Notre Dame, who delivered three addresses ing public lectures on subjects of Catholic interest; (b) by answering public attacks made on the Church; (c) by supplying the public Press during the period of September 7th to September 21st; Rev­ with information on Catholic matters; Cd) by supplying information erend John A. McClorey, S.J., of the University of Detroit, to individuals who request authentic information; (e) by fostering the who delivered' six addresses during the period September erection of Catholic study clubs and inquiry classes; (2) To cooperate 28th to November 2nd; Reverend James M. Gillis, 'with Catholic organizations in assisting Catholic education institutions C.S.P., editor, The Catholic World, who delivered eight ad­ in our diocese; and (3) To combat objectionable literature. It is encouraging to note that Catholic efforts in the field of apolo­ dresses during the period November 9th to December 28th; getics are on the increase in many sections 'of the country. The Cath­ Rt. Reverend Joseph M. Corrigan, D.D., rector, St. Charles olic Hour and other radio broadcasts under Catholic auspices are un­ Borromeo Seminary, Overbrook, Pa., who gave eight ad­ doubtedly aiding much to further interest in this particular field. dresses from January 4 to February 22, 1931. The attention of OU1' readers is called to the fact that the a1,ticles ap­ BEGINNING January 4th, the tas~ of answeri~g questions pearing in the N. C. W. C. REVIEW are regularly indexed in the CATH­ of a general religious nature receIved from lIsteners was OLIC PERIODICAL INDEX, published quarterly by the Library Section of the entrusted to Reverend Dr. John E. Wickham, pastor of St. National Catholic Educational Association, 331 Wyoming Avenue, Scran­ ton, Pa. The first yearly cumulation of indexed 1naterial is scheduled to Brendan's Church, New York City. appear shortly. The use of the INDEX is earnestly recommended to Ollr All of the addresses delivered on the Catholic Hour are readers. ------+------12 N. C. W. C. REVIE'V .J1 QTch, 1931 Protests Registered Against Birth Control Bill Catholic and Non-Catholic Organizations Defend Present Law and Oppose Change

HERE WAS HELD ON February 13 and 14 before "In fact," he said, "the only thing that this bill might do a Senate sub-committee a public hearing on a birth would be the possibility of permitting evil-minded members T control bill introduced by Senator Gillett of Massa­ of the medical profession to perform criminal abortions and chusetts. The object of this bill is to amend the Tariff Act to escape the penalty of the law in their so doing. I, and the Criminal Code to permit publication by any govern­ Producing a trade advertisement for contraceptives, Dr. ment agency here or abroad, or by any medical society, Cattell, with his knowledge and skill as a pathologist noted medical school or medical journal, of information relating the inefficiency ·of those instruments, the use of which the to contraception. This bill further proposes to allow trans­ bill proposed to legalize, and pointed out the inevitable con­ mission through the ' mails of contraceptive information, sequences of their distribution and sale. articles and drugs, to and from doctors, hospitals or clinics, and to dealers in medical supplies. Also it would permit THAT the responsible medical organizations of the coun- the reprinting by any organization or individual of informa­ try had no part bringing forward this measure was tion on these matters published in a medical journal. made clear in a letter forwarded to the chairman of the Sen­ The bill was introduced into the United States Senate at ate Judiciary Committee by Dr. William Woodward, a di­ the request of the National Committee for Federal Legisla­ rector of the American Medical Association, in which was tion on Birth Control, by which body it was drafted. Un­ stated "propaganda in support of this bill refers to it as der the aegis of this committee, there appeared in favor of 'Our Doctor's Bill.' To prevent any misunderstanding, you the bill a prominent gynecologist, a social scientist, a fol­ are informed that the American l\1edical Association has lower of a new humanistic religion, and a Jewish rabbi, in taken no part in the preparation of this bill or in procuring addition to the originator of present birth control agitation, its introduction. The Association has expressed no opin­ IVlargaret Sanger. ion with respect to the principles and purposes of this bill." Against the bill there came forward two physicians of The attention of the committee also was called to a unani­ international repute, neither of, them Catholics, an economist, mous resolution passed in 1926 by the American Gyneco­ and representatives of twenty-five organizations, Catholic, logical Society forwarded to members of both Senate and Protestant, and non-sectarian, some of these, like the N. C. House Judiciary Committees and which said: "The Ameri­ C. M. and N. C. C. W., representing hundreds of local can Gynecological Society is not ~ponsoring nor does it en­ groups. dorse the efforts of any lay organization to amend the penal code to remove any restrictions that exist that hamper medi­ DR. Howard A. Kelly, emeritus professor of gynecology, cal practice." Johns Hopkins University, addressing the Senate sub­ The economic argument and the assertion of overpopula­ committee as a physician and gynecologist of long experi­ tion on which advocates of birth control rely to gain popular ence, declared, "the proper standard is self-control. It is as well as scientific sympathy were successfully refuted by often alleged that that is impossible. That allegation is an Dr. George E. Derry, president of Marygrove College, insult to the voluntary celibacy of all the priesthood. It is Detroit. an insult to our naval men who go abroad for long periods "An exaggerated concern for the welfare of the individual," of time. . . ." Answering the plea made by Dr. Whij­ he said, "often leads the so-called social reformer into the ridge Williams appearing for the proponents that the law sponsorship of ill-advised programs. The trend of popula­ be amended to allow a physician to write to another physi­ tion growth in the Western World at this time is clearly cian on matters pertaining to contraception, Dr. Kelly told destined to have serious consequences. This country fur­ the committee: "In my long experience I never had an oc­ nishes no exception." casion to write such a letter in any single instance." "A nation is great," he concluded, "according, not to its GIVING figures to show the precipitious decline in birth opportunities for self-indulgence, but for exercise of re­ rate in the United States, he stated the reason was "to straint. . . . l\1y first and last appeal is to that instinctive be sought in the widespread use that has been made of the moral sense which marks a truly Christian community." devices for which legislation is sought in this bill." The other outstanding physician opposing the bill was "It is utterly futile," said Dr. Derry, "to discuss the pres­ Dr. Henry Ware Cattell, pathologist of international repu­ sure of population upon space, food, fuel and the like, when tation, editor of the quarterly-International Clinics-in there is no indication that any prospect whatever exists for which he is associated with foremost medical specialists in overcrowding with the trend what it has been for some many countries. Attacking the claim that the measure being years in Europe and America." considered was a "doctor's bill," Dr. Cattel1, told the com­ One of the direct results of a continuation of the present mittee: "To my best information organized medicine is trend he pointed out, will be that of dependency. Ten years neit.her sponsoring nor asking for the passage of this ago those over 50 years of age were about 16 per cent of our bill. . . ." population. At the end of the present decade this number March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 13

will probably have increased to 25 per cent. Old age pen­ zations throughout the land, the great national, as well as sions and relief bills were introduced in present legislation local and diocesan, bodies. in twenty states. As the proportion of aged persons in the William F. Montavon, director of the Legal Department, population increases, taxation is likely to increase. N. C. W. C., analyzing the bill, told the Senate Committee The trend represents national loss both in consuming and that the penal law passed in 1873 was a reflection of legisla­ productive power. "There seems to be no other conclu­ tion already existing in the states and "its purpose was to sion," stated Dr. Derry, "than that a decline in building support the state by having the United States mails, the in­ operations and the gradual slowing down of the industrial terstate commerce laws, and other federal agencies lend their system consequent upon a decline in population, will lead mighty power to what the state had decreed to be for the to lower levels of profits, interest, rents and wages." public welfare." "The federal law," he said, "in a matter of this nature, THE following non-religious organizations appeared m should reflect the best standards of the nation. . . . Gov­ protest against the bill: The American Federation of ernment has the solemn obligation to regulate, control, and Labor, Foresters of America, National Patriotic League, where necessary, remove, whatever weakens or hinders or ' New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, Clean Books tends to destroy public morals and above all the morals of League, Watch and Ward' Society of New England, Inde­ the young." pendent Order of Odd Fellows. Mrs. Mary T. Norton, Representative in Congress from The non-Catholic bodies which appeared in opposition New Jersey, reminded the committee that the "paid lobby­ were the Southern Baptist Convention, Religious Liberty ists of the Birth Control League should not be confounded Association, Lord's Day Alliance of the United States, with the fine womanhood of America." She said she had Board of Temperance, Prohibition, and Public Morals of personally discussed the matter with doctors of her state, the Methodist Episcopal Church, United Lutheran Church and found that 33 out of 35 were absolutely opposed to the in America, Evangelical Lutheran Augustana Synod, United dissemination of birth control literature, "believing that such Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Inter­ literature would fall into the hands of adolescents and cause national Reform Federation and World Purity Federation. The Catholic organizations represented at the hearing much human misery." and whose spokesmen entered their protest were the National Mrs. Rita McGoldrick made protest in the name of the Catholic Welfare Conference, the National Council of Cath­ International Federation of Catholic Alumnae, and Red- . olic Men and the National Council of Catholic Women, the mond F. Kernan, Jr., opposed the bill in behalf of the Na­ International Federation of Catholic Alumnae, National tional Catholic Alumni Federation. Catholic Alumni Federation, Daughters of Isabella, Cath­ olic Daughters of America, Sodality Union of Washington, OTHER Catholics entering their strong opposition against D. C., and the Catholic Club of New York. this measure were Judge Alfred J. Talley of New Y o"rk, Charles F. Dolle, executive secreta_ry of the National and Representatives John W. McCormack and John J. Council of Catholic Men, and Miss Agnes Regan, execu­ Douglass of Massachusetts. The presentation of those op­ tive secretary of the National Council of Catholic Women, posing the Gillett bill was in the hands of Ralph Burton of protested in the name of many hundreds of Catholic organi- the National Patriotic ~eague. 'I' Study Club Plan Extends Throughout an Entire Diocese

THE RT. REV. EDWIN V. O'HARA, D.D., Bishop of Great manual suitable for individual and club study, dealing with the practi­ Falls, in a pastoral letter issued on the Feast of the Holy Family cal problems which parents face in the exercise of their function as, edu­ and read in all the churches of the Diocese, directs the attention of cators of their own children." parents to their duties as the religious and moral educators of their "In order, however, that the reading of this important manual may children, and outlines a practical program "for deepening the sense of not be merely desultory or left to chance," Bishop O'Hara says, "I de­ parental responsibility for the character training of children." sire to enlist the cooperation of the organized groups of women in the The Bishop asks the women of his Diocese to organize study clubs, Diocese of Great Falls. To this end may I request that each woman's using the Parent Educator pamphlet (available at ~. C. C. W. head­ society in the Diocese, whether its purpose be parochial, educational, quarters) as the basis for their work. Certainly no time would seem charitable or fraternal, establish among its members one or more study more opportune for the development of such a plan. The issuance of clubs which will engage in the systematic discussion of this manual our Holy Father's recent Encyclical on "Christian Marriage" chal­ during the coming season of Lent. lenges the thought and interest not only of Catholics but of all thinking "The reverend pastors are requested to encourage and foster the people throughout the world. In initiating the work in his Diocese, formation of these study clubs in every parish and mission of the Dio­ Bishop O'Hara recognizes the importance of- the Christian family as cese according to the plan of organization submitted. the basis of society. "1 am happy to be able to announce that the National Council of In order to assist parents in preparing themselves for their responsi­ Catholic Women will send a field representative about the first of March bilities as educators, the Bishop'S letter states: "There has been formed to spend several months in this Diocese with a view of helping the vari­ a Parent-Educator Committee which propo es to edit each year a ous women's societies to develop their program." 14 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 Catholic Pupils Excel in School Contests By James E. Cummings CHOLASTIC AND PATRIOTIC contests conducted prizes in the elementary section. The title of the essay was by national and local organizations occupy a conspicu­ "Own Your Own Home." On May 14 of the same year, S ous place in American education. These contests Miss Mary Doran, a former student at Villa Maria Academy, which are usually held for the purpose of stimulating thought Philadelphia, won an $1,800 traveling scholarship awarded and study on various subjects have considerable educational by the School of Journalism of Columbia University. St. value. An important phase of competitions that carry Mary's Industrial School Band won the award in class B s,cholarship awards is the encouragement they give to those of the national high school band contest, conducted in Joliet, ambitious for a college training and the influence for more Ill., on June 4, 1928. education that is exercised upon young people at a decisive period of their lives. A NOTABLE contest was won on July 9 of the same year Among the important prize competitions are: The annual by Edward M. Schoenborn, a graduate of Aquinas Col~ essay contest, sponsored by the Highway Education Board, lege, Columbus, Ihio. Mr. Schoenborn won first prize in ,¥ashington, D. C.; the annual nation-wide flag contest of an essay contest on "The Nature of Matter." In this con­ the United States Flag Association; the international ora­ test, which was conducted by the College of Engineering of torical contest; the national spelling bee; the American Ohio State Universl y, over seven hundred essays were ex­ Legion essay contest, and the American Chemical Society amined before the winning essay was selected. essay contest. In addition to the national contests there Three Catholic high school students won the first three are many state and local competitions sponsored by col­ pla,ces in the International Oratorical Contest, Washington, leges, newspapers, boards of education, fraternal organiza­ D. C., on August 15, 1928. These students were Rene tions, community centers, and art associations. Ponthieu, of , Jose de Tomaso of Argentina, and Wil­ The prizes that are given to the successful contestant are liaIn Fox, Jr., of Canada, a student of the De La Salle scholarships, European tours, trips to Washington, cash Christian Brothers Academy in London. Of the eight con­ awards, books and other articles of value. The awarding of testants 'six were Catholic students attending Catholic prizes is usually accompanied by considerable newspaper schools. publicity. In essay contests magazines of national circula­ Of the one hundred and fifty-three prizes offered in the tion and hundreds of daily newspapers print the winning city of Brooklyn in an essay ('ontest on "Fire Prevention," essay. eighty-six were won by pupils. The awards were announced August 22, 1928. R ECEN~L Y the Department of Education of ~he National A fourteen year old girl, Veronica Otter, a student of St. Catholic Welfare Conference prepared a hst of Cath- - John's Catholic High School, Beloit, Kansas, attained high­ olic pupils who have won prizes in scholastic and patriotic est rank in the "Every Pupil Scholarship Contest," conducted contests during the past five years. This list, which was by Dr. E. R. Wood, head of the Bureau of Educational compiled from newspaper releases of the N. C. W. C. News Measurements of the Kansas State Teachers' College. More Service, demonstrates that Catholic school pupils make a than 213,000 students, representing 840 high schools, par­ creditable showing in all competitions in which they choose ticipated. This contest was conducted February 18, 1929. to enter. In many contests, moreover, the exceptional achievement of pupils of Catholic schools has won great VIRGINIA Hogan, a pupil of St. John's Parochial School, honor both for the pupils and the schools. The following Omaha, Nebr., won the national spelling bee and the items have been selected from the N. C. W. C. Department national award of $1,000 over twenty other contestants from of Education data to show the wide variety of subjects in various parts of the country. This contest was conducted which Catholic school pupils have gained awards of merit. on May 27, 1929. In Santa Barbara, Calif., for example, Kathleen Naegle, The following month, Robert L. Sullivan, a pupil of of Dolores Parochial School, won first prize in a state-wide Cathedral Catholic High School, Syracuse, N. Y., won the safety essay contest. This contest was conducted by the championship in the boys' division of the first annual nation­ National Automobile Chamber of Commerce and the award wide flag contest of the United States Flag Association, spon­ was announced on January 7, 1928. Two days later, in the sored by the Hearst newspapers. Young Sullivan was taken city of Detroit, announcement was made that first and sec­ on a trip around the world with the three other victors in ond prizes in a short story contest conducted by the Tuber­ the contest. culosis Society of Detroit and Wayne County for eighth In a state-wide essay contest, conducted by the Vermont grade pupils of the county were won by Josephine Brennan Historical Society, the first prize was won by Maurice and Evelyn Churgay, respectively, pupils of St. Gabriel's Mahoney, a graduate of Cathedral High School, Burlington, Parochial School, Detroit. Vt. This contest, which was conducted in September, 1930, In a city-wide essay contest conducted in Los Angeles on was open to all four-year and two-year high schools in the April 17, 1928, All Soul's Parochial School won all three state. The first prize was $100. The subject of the essay 1\1 arch, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 15

was "Colonel J\t{atthew Lyon, the Hampden of the Ameri­ to Roberto Ortiz Gris, 18 years old, of Oaxaco, , a can Congress." Catholic. Another state-wide contest which attracted considerable The names of eight Catholic schools, in seven states, attention was the scholarship contest conducted in Kansas which have been , awarded certificates of merit in the ninth in 1930. Topeka Catholic High School won first place in annual street and highway safety campaign, have just been this contest over all the schools of the state. This was the made public through the offices of the Highway Education fifth consecutive year that the Topeka Catholic High School Board, Washington, D. C. The Certificate of Merit and the had won this high honor. Merit Room Pennant, the Highway Education Board an­ nounces, are marks of distinction "offered for exceptional JOSEPH Dennis Murphy, an alumnus of Rockhurst Col- achievement in street and highway safety projects and, be­ lege, Kansas City, won the prize offered by the Beaux cause of the stringent rules governing their award, represent Arts Institute of Design of Paris, for the best design by an an honor of which few schools can boast." American. The award carried a splendid cash prize and the opportunity of three years' study in Europe. Mr. Murphy's THE Catholic schools to which Certificates of lVlerit have monument may be given reality at the Chicago World's been awarded are: Wallace Grammar School, Lewiston, Fair, as ]\IIr. Murphy has been invited to share in the de­ J\1e.; St. Gerard's School, Buffalo, N. Y.; St. Wendelin School, signing of the W orId's Fair buildings. Fostoria, 0.; St. Mary's Institute, Elk City, Okla.; St. On November 4, 1930, Catholic boys were plaGed first Bonifacius' School, Philadelphia, Pa.; St. Joseph's School, and third in the fourth annual internati'onal oratorical con­ Duquesne, Pa.; St. Mary's School, Winner, S. Dak.; and test held in Washington, D. C. Twenty-one nations were Holy Trinity School, Milwaukee, Wis. represented in this contest. The winner was Roch Pinard, These few examples, taken from the complet.e list, are an 19 year old French Canadian Catholic, and third place went impressive record of Catholic school achievement.

----- ~ ----- 2,800 Gold Star Pilgrims to Visit Overseas Cemeteries in' 1931 OLD STAR PILGRIMS, the mothers and widows of American a medical staff in attendance at all times dW'ing the jow·ney. Their war dead buried in the cemeteries overseas, will continue to satisfaction with the care and the dignity of the cemeteries oversea s G visit these graves in 1931. Sixteen pilgrimages during the sum­ was high tribute to the regard the nation has extended its particularly mer have been arranged by the Quartermaster General, Major General sacred posessions in Ew·ope . .John L. De Witt. It is estimated that approximately 2,800 Gold Star The eight American cemeteries overseas have graves of 30,825 war mothers and widows will accept the invitation of the Government for dead. There are 1,641 graves of unknowns in this totaL Other bodies this journey during the course of the 1931 schedule. "Still Unlocated" reach a total of 1,279. There are a few "Undisturbed The first 1931 pilgrimages will leave New York, May 6, 1931 on the Graves" and special cases. The cemeterial lists carry mention of 73 S.S, Washington. The last 1931 sailing- date arranged is August 26, graves of American women of the war personnel buried in Europe. also on the S.S. Washington. Two pilgrimages will for the most part carry mothers and widows of American soldiers and sailors whose THE National Council of Catholic Women, at its Denver conven- bodies remain unlocated or are listed as lost at sea. These pilgrimages tion, 1930, adopted a resolution of appreciation to the Quarter­ "rill visit the area in which their military dead were lost and the ceme­ master General, who has the management of these pilgrimages in hand, tery in that vicinity in which many are undoubtedly bmied as unkno, 'n. eulogizing the "efficiency, courtesy and understanding sympathy" ex­ The twenty pilgrimages tended Gold Star guests of the dming 1930 carried nearly Government dming the pil­ 3,700 to the various cemeter­ grimages of 1930. An ac­ ies. Through the aid of the knowledgment, addressed to N. C. W. C. World War Rec­ the N. C. C.' W., by Major ords, 650 of the visited graves General De Witt, expresses were those of Catholic service pleasure in receiving the reso- men whose final resting places 1ution and adds: have been recorded and blessed. "The Quartermaster Corps is proud of the honor bestowed M ANY Catholic mothers upon it by being charged with and widows called at the conduct of these pilgrim­ the headquarters of the N. C. ages and has eXpended every W. C. after their retmn from effort that those making the the cemeteries. The oppor­ journey might have tL com­ tunity afforded them by the fortable and pleasing trip. I Government to visit the graves feel, however, that the task hus been materially lightened by of their war dead was gra te­ A CATHOLIC GOLD STAR MOTHER EN ROUTE TO THE GRAVE OF HER HERO SON fully acknowledged. Mention the wonderful spirit of cooper­ An incident of the 1930 pilgrimages was the visit of Mrs., Catherine Fitzsimons to the grave of was made frequently of the her son, Lieut. William T. Fitzsimons, first American officer to be killed in the World War, now ation and oonsideration shown b\iried in the Somme American Cemetery at Bony, France. Lieut. Fitzsimons and three en­ solicitude as to the physical listed men were killed by bombs during an enemy air raid, September 4, 1917, The picture by the mothers and widows . wellbeing of the pilgrims hy shows Col. Richard T. Ellis, chief of the American Graves Registration Service in Europe, Mrs taking advantage of the offer Catherine Fitzsimons, her daughter, Mrs. Julia West, and Lt. Col. Bartlett, at the Gare des the very adequate provision of Invalides, Paris, July 17, 1930, of the Government." ------+------16 K . . C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 I N. C. W. C. Activities in the Field of Immigration If!

Striving for Permanent Closed Immigration culties because of the irregular application of fusing visas to many persons entitled to them, Policy administrative control. referred to in the last paragraph, a new and When the much-referred-to regulation call­ HAS BEEN CHARGED by many that unexpected menace has arisen to confront IT ing upon the consuls to refuse visas to aliens the present effort to have Congress either alien residents of the United States who have coming to the United States to look for work forbid completely or reduce to a minimum all crossed into Mexico for a temporary visit. was put into effect on October 1, it was gen­ general immigration for the next two years is During the last month or so an astonishing erally stated and believed that those in the based on the desire of the ultra-restrictionists number of these, upon attempting to return, relative and professional non-quota classes to take advantage of the present unemploy­ often after being only a few hours out of the would receive the same consideration as for­ ment crisis to establish a permanent policy of country, have found themselves held up by merly. In other words it was taken for dosed immigration, just as prohibition was the U. S. Public Health Service and certified granted that wives and minor children of "put over" during the excitement following as suffering from "adenitis." American citizens would be subject to no ad­ the World War. It so happens that this Bureau dealing with ditional restrictions and that provided they The report on the Jenkins Bill (H.J.Res. 500), immigrants for the last ten years, had were in good health and the husband and which proposes to cut all quotas 90%, sub­ never reviously in the course of its existence, father .had a job and a little money saved, mitted on February 17 by Congressman Albert encou~ ered an alien afflicted or said to be they would be permitted to come forward. Johnson on behalf of the House Immigration afflicted with this disease. Wny it should, It was also assumed that priests and profes­ Committee, certainly does nothing to remove over night, as it were, have cropped up in sors destined to definite posts could scarcely this impression. It is somewhat surprising epidemic proportions at just one Mexican run counter to the new regulations. to read in this report the following statement Border port, seemed to be and still is, some­ The ultimate decision in the granting of as a reason why favorable action should be thing of a mystery. any American visa rests with the individual taken on the bill: "Adenitis" is described as a disease of the consul to whom application is made and "While it is true that immigration from lymphatic glands. However, each case record some of them unfortunately do not at present Canada, Mexico, and Cuba was greatly re­ that came forward to Washington bore the seem to be exercising particularly good judg­ duced during the last fiscal year (and still additional testimony of the doctor concerned, ment. Wives and children of American citi­ further reduced during the past few months), that a social disease was indicated or actually zens for whom non-quota visas have been it is apparent that the present economic existed. As a consequence, enraged husbands authorized now appear to be having almost, situation assists B"nited States consuls in ap- demanded a change of diagnosis for their if not altogether, as much difficulty in ob­ . plying the 'likely to become a public charge' wives, mothers wept at the reflections on taining their visas from some consulates as do clause of the 1917 Act, and when conditions their daughters' reputations, young men the wives and children of aliens. change it will be increasingly difficult to use sought assurances as to their clean living This is particularly true on the Mexican that clduse as a barrier." (Italics are ours). from former employers and friends, and gen­ Border where one consul at least has appar­ It is difficult to see why the gentlemen of eral pandemonium ensued. ently arrived at the weird notion that he the House Immigration Committee consider must, willy-nilly, keep down the number of The N. C. W. C. Bureau, remembering the it desirable that the clause mentioned should visas he issues to ten or fifteen a month, re­ somewhat similar epidemic of Irish heart dis­ continue to be used as a barrier after economic gardless of the admissibility of the applicant. ease certificates at Ellis Island back in 1924, conditions in this country improve, in the As a result, instances have lately occurred, has been frankly sceptical and has been in­ way it is now being used by the consuls as not only of refusals to wives of citizens, but clined to credit the apparent prevalence of an emergency measure during the unemploy­ likewise of visas to priests destined to definite adenitis to a special interest in that disease ment situation. The statement quoted would parishes at the invitation of the respective on the part of one examining physician. Its seem to make the real intention of the House bishops, as well as to members of religious Mexican Border representative has insisted Immigration Committee entirely evident. sisterhoods exempt from the quota because upon additional tests, which in the particular Mexican born, and coming to convents of cases disputed have all proven to be negative; their own order here. the Department of Labor has sustained the Arbitrary Action Taken by Individual It would require some stretch of the imagi­ appeals and granted admission; and it is now Consuls nation to picture the priests and nuns in felt that "adenitis" may soon resume its proper place amongst the diseases which W HILE THE STATE Department is question as "likely to become public charges," avowedly antagonistic to any proposal no matter how strictly interpreted that clause afflict mankind, including aliens, and lose the . to suspend general immigration through legis­ of the Act of 1917 might be. Such action, of stellar role it has been enjoying during re­ lative action on the ground that the consuls course, merely exposes the bad judgment and cent weeks. are already accomplishing the end aimed at reflects the misunderstanding of the consuls through administrative control, it seems concerned and demonstrates their inability to realize that they themselves are breaking likely that certain over-zealous consuls are Deportation of Illegal Entrants in a fair way to create an impression that the law by such arbitrary action. legislative rather than administrative con­ In the most flagrant cases that have come NOTHER DRIVE IS ON. While it is trol is the more desirable. to its attention, the N. C. W. C. Bureau has A natural that we should have at this All of the legislative proposals now under protested vigorously to the State Department. particular time one of our periodic agitations ~onsideration provide at least for the ready in favor of deporting aliens who are illegally admission of the non-quota classes author­ in the country, nevertheless, it is interesting ized by the Act of 1924 (section 4 (c), which "Adenitis" Makes Its Bow as Alien to note that the estimate of the number of applies to immigrants from the Western Ailment illegal entrants now in the United States given Hemisphere, excepted), whereas at present a HERE ARE INDEED strenuous days to the Senate by Secretary of Labor Doak in good many aliens in the non-quota classes T on the Mexican Border. In addition to response to Senate Resolution 355 is astound­ seem to be encountering unlooked-for diffi- the arbitrary action of certain consuls in re- ingly less than the rash guesses which used March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 17

to be hazarded so freely and which, as late as Bureau's Mexican Border Office Assists "He was greeted at the Union Station by last December, ran as high as two million. School Children his parents . . . and an official of the N a­ The estimate most accepted and not so long ONE OF THE NUMEROUS forms of as- tional Catholic Community House. ago given was "more than a million." sistance rendered by the Bureau's Mexi­ "The boy had not seen his father in seven Mr. Doak's statement that a. fair estimate can Border office is in connection with obtain­ years. For the mother it was a double cele­ or conjecture would be about 400,000 comes ing alien identification cards for the many bration. Her son had arrived safely, com­ as something of a contrast and sounds less Mexican children who cross daily from Juarez pleting the family circle in this country and as though it were based on hysteria. That to attend various schools in EI Paso, Texas. it was to the day the first anniversary of her estimate will no doubt lend itself to flU·ther These now total 773, a drop of 125, however, own departure for America. . . . downward revision as time exerts its mellow­ from the number crossing last year, which "Josef, Jr., made the trip from the land of ing influence upon the public utterances of the Border Representative states is due to his birth by boat and train, under the pro­ our Government officials. the economic depression. The children can tection of the National Catholic Welfare Con­ In spite of the fact that many have left avail themselves of these cards from seven ference." the country voluntarily, fearing the conse­ o'clock in the morning until dark, although The worker in charge of the follow-up quences of deportation under the Act of those attending night classes are allowed ad­ agency in question, enthusiastic at the solu­ March 4, 1929 and that others have gone as ditional privileges. The children are like­ tion of this and several other of her immigra­ a result of unemployment, there is still a wise permitted to cross over to El Paso on tion problems, writes the Bureau as follows: huge discrepancy between the estimates Saturday and Sundays when accompanied "Our stock on the East Side is rapidly ris­ above referred to and those now offered by by their parents. ing with all this 'big business.' The Novak the present Secretary (apparently as a result family, the Kovacs and the Pavlovics all of more careful calculation), which would not live within two squares of St. Stanislaus' be appreciably lessened by the 37,170 offi­ Church . . . so you can imagine the ex­ cially given as the number who have been de­ citement with Josef Novak in last week and ported since July 1, 1924 on the ground of Josef Kovacs this morning. In addition, all illegal entry. are vitally interested in the expected return Congress now has under consideration a of Jan Pavlovic. When I drove over with bill introduced jointly in the Senate and the N ovaks this morning, we just had to House, which is designed to speed up deporta­ stop and let the neighbors shake hands, until tion proceedings through extending authority the event rivaled a wedding or a funeral." to issue warrants to any official of the De­ partment of Labor designated by the Secre­ tary. This bill further facilitates deporta­ Chinese Student's Admission Expedited tion proceedings by providing that it shall be an added offense to remain in the country THE BUREAU RECENTLY had the illegally as supplemental to the original interesting task of assisting in simplifying offense of illegal entry. This would make it an immigration problem involving a Chinese possible for an alien to be prosecuted wherever WAITING TO CROSS THE BORDER student nurse who had at the last moment N. C. W. C. Mexica~ Border, Worker intet:viewing chil­ joined a group of three others destined to a he is located instead of, as at present, only dren at the InternatIOnal Bndge, Juarez 10 connection in the district where the illegal entry occurred. with their application for identification ~rds permitting Catholic Hospital in Illinois for training. their attendance at schools in El Paso, Texas. President Hoover's recommendation to ap­ Special permission had been obtained from propriate an additional $500,000 for the the Department of Labor for the admission of Labor Department, to be used in deportation ten Chinese student nurses, but due to the work, is of course in keeping with the pro­ Joys of Family Reunion Shared by war conditions in China only four were able posed legislation. Immigrant Aid Workers to come and at almost the moment of sailing a new girl, whose name had not been con­ The recent raiding of dance halls, meeting WORKING FOR AND with immigrants sidered by the Department, was substituted places of nationality groups, etc., by immi­ brings its own rewards, among which for one whose student status had already gration inspectors in the New York district loom conspicuous the satisfaction of realiz­ been approved. with the object of discovering illegal entrants ing that one has helped to reunite a family The N. C. W. C. therefore requested the among those present is another illustration which oceans and immigration laws had sepa­ Department of Labor to grant special auth­ of the freshly aroused determination to de­ rated. The thrill of witnessing the joy of the orization for the substitute who was already . port all those having no right to be here re­ reunion is another compensation. on board the boat, and to wire this author­ gardless even of the humiliation and incon­ One of the Bureau's cooperating agencies ization, charges guaranteed, to the immigra­ venience incidentally forced on a much larger which has become more and more interested tion authorities in San Francisco. The Rev­ number who are legal residents. and enthusiastic as the possibilities of the erend Sister who had journeyed all the way Secretary Doak believes that of the 400,000 work have been demonstrated, recently had from Illinois to California to meet the young thought to be here illegally about 25% or the satisfaction of seeing several cases which women was thus spared all difficulty' and 100,000 are at present deportable. As it had originated among its clientele and which wrote gratefully: "I had no trouble whatever would further seem from the Secretary's re­ had involved cooperation on the part of the -no questions asked, which was a surprise port that even with the increased appropria­ N. C. W. C. and the latter's foreign corre­ and I can assure you, a happy one . .'. I tion recommended by President Hoover, ar­ spondents, brought to a happy conclusion. know how much delay and trouble I would rangements can be made to deport a maxi­ The home-town paper describing the ar­ have had, had the permission not arrived mum of only 20,000 a year (an increase of rival of one sturdy urchin, wrote, "Gay scarf before the boat came in. The students are all about 3,400 over last year), the deportation at his throat, huge willow-woven suitcase in well and were happy to arrive at their home of illegal entrants cannot be considered as hand and traveling alone, Josef Kovacs, 10, in America. They will certainly be able to important in alleviating the unemployment of Czechoslovakia, arrived safe and happy do a great deal of good for the Catholic mis­ situation as is generally believed. Wednesday noon. sion cause when they return." ------+------18 N. C. W. C. REVIE'V Ma'rch, 1931 Save the' Small Rural Parish By Rev. W. Howard Bishop

N THESE DAYS of vast mers of the future will have to changes that are gravely af­ be better organized in order to I fecting the lives of the na­ A TTENTION is called in the accompanying article control surpluses and find the to a problem of especial interest to Catholics that tion for better or worse, it is grows in seriousness as the farm population of the country best market for their products. natural that those who are in­ dwindles. As all city populations gain their vitality ulti­ It has shown that they must be terested in the welfare of our mately from the rural population, so the future of the better educated in order to be country places and particularly Catholic Church in America is bound up with the future able to do these things to the of the rural churches, schools of the Catholic Church in the rural sections of the country. best advantage, and mo t par­ Father Bishop, who is president of the Catholic Rural and parishes, should be wonder­ Life Conference and pastor of a rural parish at Clarks­ ticularly it has shown that the ing what the future holds in ville, Maryland, tells what is being done to conserve the farmer must conduct his plant store for these institutions, We faith of the rising generation of rural Catholics and makes on a strictly business basis if he have seen the little red school some practical suggestions for advancing the social and would run it, with the great in­ house pass from the picture, the economic status of those who live in rural reas. vestment of capital that is neces­ old neighborhood mill is no' cary, at a profit rather than at longer anything but a landmark, a decided loss. the country store is trembling on uncertain legs, and when the school boy of today de­ A LL of which means that the young men of the future claims: "Under the spreading chestnut tree the village will consider carefully before going into farming as an smithy stands," he is speaking of a past of which he ha nq avocation and not merely drift into it as their fathers did. recollection. Is it not natural that with these many cher­ It means that the farmers who hold on will be the farmers ished landmarks of the countryside passing from view we who have managed well, studied their proposition as the should at times entertain some anxiety as to just what will engineer or the doctor or the successful business man studie become of the little country church? his and who have had persistence and initiative and vision But it is not the country church as a part of the rural sufficient to make a business proposition pay. In other landscape in which ·we are interested. It is that human words, there will be fewer farmers in the future and these group that lives around the church-the rural parish. We will be of the more progressive and successful type. are certainly safe in saying that there will not come a time The important question to us, I repeat, is what reaction when rural parishes will not exist, for the parish, with the will such a state of affairs have upon the small rural parishes church as its center, is inevitably associated with the home to which the loss of even a single family is deeply felt? There life of our people and howsoever the term may be abused can be no question that unless other forces are brought to in the future, men must continue to have some kind of homes. bear to counteract these losses, many of these little outposts But there is doubtless reason for real anxiety as to the con­ of the faith will perish. Not that their entire population tinuation in future generations of many of the smaller will disappear but that the number of persons sustaining country parishes of from one hundred to three hundred them will become too few for services to be continued. souls when even the largest parishes in rural places are be­ At this point, some will say: "~T ell, why worry about ginning to feel the drain of a constantly dwindling rural that? We cannot stem the tide of changing times." There population. is, nevertheless, ample cause for unea iness over such a prospect. There is cause for uneasiness where any group of T HE real situation can be made a little clearer by the Catholics, no matter how few they have become, cease to consideration of the economic changes now have the cOlmort of religion in their midst, e - going on in the country. The increased use of pecially when these small groups are multiplied machinery on the farm has vastly increased the in every section of America so that the aggre­ production of farm crops, so much so, that to­ gate number of people they contain is large. day great surplu es of the things that are neces­ Not only that, but the Catholic church in a sary to sustain life have so depressed the prices community is more than a house of worship for received by the farmers for their products that the Catholic group. It is a center of Catholic these men whose business it is to produce food influence for all the people of the countryside. for the world are for the most part hardly able Let us bear in mind that the fewer Catholics to make a living for themselves. The result is in any community and the farther removed they the steady decrease in the numbers of farmers are from Catholic churches, the wider is the and people living in rural sections to which we chasm of misunderstanding, su picion and in­ REV. have already referred. W. HOWARD BISHOP tolerance between the community at large and President, Catholic Rural Life This situation has made it evident that far- Conference. all things Catholic. Let u not forget that com- March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 19

munities where Catholics are few and the Church practi­ In addition to this work of a purely religious nature it is cally unknown have been and will continue to be the strong­ highly advisable that rural parishes either singly or in groups hold of bitter anti-Catholic and anti-Christian movements. become interested in some form of program to help the It is worth while therefore that our little country churches farmBr-type of young people to give themselves the best should be kept up and the parishes around them should not possible equipment for their life's work on the farm. Whether dwindle to such helpless insignificance that their thought the farmers of the future are few or numerous there will al­ and life contribute nothing to the life around them. The ways have to be farmers and it is expedient that if rural Church was established for all mankind. How is it to in­ parishes are to be kept up as many as possible of our farmers crease in rural places if not from such centers as these? should be Catholics. Let our rural pastors keep in touch Moreover, our cities and towns are constantly receiving in­ with the extension service of the U. S. Department of Agri­ crease from such places. N ow that immigration has been culture and the state universities, whose well equipped ex­ limited and Catholic immigration reduced to the minimum, perts are always glad to cooperate with a rural leader of are we anxious to .see almost the entire increase of our city any faith in keeping the highest practical ideals of farm life population come from sources uninfluenced by the religion before his young people. Let them interest themselves in of Jesus Christ with all that it means to the life of the people? the boys' and girls' agriculture clubs which are equipping the young men and women whose minds are turning farm­ THESE little parishes are the Church's only foothold in ward to give the best possible account of themselves on the the places where they exist. They have been established farms and in farm communities. If Catholicity is not to in the midst of indifferent and sometimes hostile surround­ pass from the rural scene altogether we must provide rural ings at the cost of untold sacrifices., Their existence has leaders for the future generation and not let all of our boys given the small groups which comprise them heart and and girls who want to live in the country grow up to be courage to practise their faith. It has tempered the hos­ farm-hands and tenants and trailers in the race for legitimate tility and in many cases won the esteem of outsiders. Occa­ material success. ' sional converts have been won to the Fold and the number of converts will increase when Catholic Action takes hold in FINALLY, there is great need for thoughtful men of ini- these places. It is sad to contemplate the prospect of these tiative who are interested in the welfare of the rural little parishes passing from the rural picture. church to try to find some means of bringing a greater The next question is, what can we do about it? The first variety of occupations into country life. The agri.cultural thing that we must do is to take care of the faith of the occupation, as we have observed, calls for fewer men today rising generation in all country places. If parish schools than it has called for in the past and it is most likely that cannot be sustained, we now have, thanks to the zeal of it will call for still fewer in the future. On the other hanq, such leaders a,s Bishop O'Hara, Monsignor Day and others, it is highly important that greater numbers of our people an excellent substitute in the rural vacation school of re­ should live in the country as it is the most wholesome and ligion. Catholic sisters and Catholic young men stUdying natural form of living, more conducive to the growth of for the priesthood can be forind in sufficient numbers to large families, to vigorous, robust health and to genuine take care of such schools, and it has never yet occurred that Christian home life, where it has the backing of religious when a rural pastor has been thoroughly in earnest about institutions. wanting such a school, the small funds necessary to sustain I t ought to be possible for many of the young men and the work could not somehow be got together. These vaca­ women who are not adapted to agricultural pursuits to find tion schools are working marvels in schoolless country profitable employment in rural places. There are possi­ parishes. bilities in the line of home crafts and industries, when these are' studied from' the point of view of revenue and their IN places whe:e ~he pa~ish is too scatt~r~d even fo~ a vaca- adaptability to the rural home. There is a whole community tion school, It IS possIble to teach rehglOn by mall. Very in Virginia that is engaged in the manufacture of gifts., efficient correspondence courses in religion have reached a Community laundries have been conducted with consider­ high state of development already and yet the possibilities able success. If such activities could be sufficiently de­ in this field are still hardly realized. If such expedients are velopeq, in rural places, larger numbers of our energetic and used in the dwindling small parishes of the country the resourceful young people would find it wSocial Justice Commis­ "The much advertised increase in the federal outlay for public sion of the Central Conference of American Rabbis, and the Social works in 1930 amounted to only $4,000]000," Father Ryan continued. Service Commission of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ "The national administration has taken great satisfaction in declaring in America. Many leading economists, public officials] representatives that the amount available for federal construction work during this of employers and labor, and church leaders participated in the con­ year will be $450]000,000 more than was spent in 1928. This additional ference. The conference was held, by agreement] without conclusions appropriation is, however, utterly insufficient to provide jobs either or findings. directly or indirectly for our 5,000,000 unemployed. Catholics on the General Sponsoring Committee were Linna E. Bresette] field secretary, Social Action Department, National Catholic "A FEW weeks ago some 80 economists signed a statement expressing Welfare Conference, Washington, D. C.; Dr. James E. Hagerty, Ohio the view that the federal government should appropriate $1,000,- State University, Columbus, Ohio; the Rev. Joseph Husslein, S.J., 000,000 for public works. Even tbis amount would be inadequate. dean of the School of Social Service] St. Louis University, St. Louis, Five b; "on dollars would not be excessive." Mo.; Frank P. Walsh, New York City; Edward Keating, editor, Labor, Such a $5]000,000,000 program of public works should be financed Washington, D. C.; Frederick P. Kenkel, K.S.G., director, Central through a bond issue, Father Ryan declared. Money is so plentiful Bureau of the Central Verein, St. Louis, Mo.; Dr. Elizabeth Morrissy, now, he said, that five billions of federal bonds, paying not more than professor of Economics, College of Notre Dame, Baltimore, Md.; 3 per cent Lnterest, could be marketed within 30 days. At this rate of David A. McCabe, Department of Economics, Princeton University, interest the annual interest charge would be $150,000]000, "which is Princeton, N. J.; and the Rev. John O'Grady, executive secretary, $10,000,000 less than the foolish reduction made in personal income National Conference of , Washington, D. C. Rev. taxes last year," the conference was told. The interest charge could R. A. McGowan, assistant director of the National Catholic Welfare be met by an increase in surtaxes, Dr. Ryan suggested. Conference Social Action Department, served on the executive com­ "A compulsory universal system of unemployment insurance was mittee of three, representing the organizations sponsoring the con­ advocated by the speaker, although he said none of the European state ference. systems is desirable for the United States. He recommended a plan embodying the essential features of the workmen's compensation laws. D R. John A. Ryan, director of the National Catholic Welfare Con- As a remedy for under-consumption, which has been given as one of ference Social Action Department, spoke at the closing banquet. the causes of depression, Dr. Ryan proposed higher wages and shorter "The obligation of the state to the unemployed has two phases," hours. Industrial leaders should strive to achieve these goals for the Father Ryan stated, "material relief and the provision of jobs. When working man, he stated. private resources are inadequate, it is clearly the duty of the public Father Ryan was one of the three speakers at a dinner which climaxed authorities to provide the means of food, clothing] shelter and the other the two-day conference. The other speakers were the Rev. Dr. Harry necessities of life. In any given condition, therefore, the question of F. Ward, professor of social ethics, Union Theological Seminary, New the state's obligation becomes the question whether the existing dis­ York, who discussed "The Profit Motive," and Rabbi Edward L. tress can be relieved through voluntary effort.... In this grave Israel, chairman of the Social Justice Commission, Central Conference emergency, this disgraceful condition of dire want in the midst of plenty, of American Rabbis, whose topic was "Unemployment and the Social the quality of mercy is not, or at least should not be, strained. Conscience." Dr. Cloyd Heck Marvin, president of George Washing­ "It is infinitely better to sin on the side of abundant and even of ton University, presided. wasteful relief than to permit men, women and children to starve in the interest of a shallow and doctrinaire theory about the impropriety HIGH lights of the conference were a visit to the White House on of public relief." the opening day by representatives of the three church organiza­ Taking as his topic tions sponsoring the "The Demands of meeting, and the af­ Justice," Father ternoon session of Ryan described the the second day of moral obligations of the conference, the the employer and proceedings of which the state to look were broadcast over after the welfare of a nationwide net­ the laboring man. work of the National An employer is not Broadcasting Com­ obliged in justice to pany. The radioed furnish employment program included ad­ to anyone at a defi­ dresses on "Public nite loss to himself, Works and Construc­ he explained, but it tion Programs" by "would seem clear]" enator Robert F. he said, "that he is Wagner of New morally obliged to York, author of sev­ retain present em­ eral unemployment ployes on his payroll, DISCUSS UNEMPLOYMENT WITH THE PRESIDENT bills; Darwin J . even though he ob­ Representatives of the N. C. W. C. Social Action Department, the Social Ser~ice Coll?mission of the F«:deral Council Meserole, president of Churches and the Central Conference of American Rabbis photographed WIth PreSIdent Hoover durmg the recent tains no interest." Washington Conference on Permanent Preventives of Unemployment. (Continued on p. 22) ,N[arch, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 21 Plans for the Observance of "Catholic Peace Day" Nation-wide Response to be Given to Holy Father's Plea for Peace NATION WIDE RESPONSE Program B is being given to the appeal PRAYER FOR PEACE OF HIS HOLINESS, 1. Have Holy Father's Ap­ A of Pope Pius XI for peace in THE LATE POPE BENEDICT XV peal for Peace read. (See his Christmas, 1930, allocution to the February, 1931, N. C. Sacred College in which he said: "To DISMAYED by the strife and jealousy which are b1'ing- W. C. REVIEW, p. 29). Catholics of all the world and particu­ ing ruin to peoples and nations, we turn, 0 Jesus, to 2. Have outside speaker ad­ larly those who study, labor and pray Thy most loving Heart as OU?' only hope. 0 God of mercy, dress group on some sub­ in Catholic Action, We turn today with tears we invoke Thee to end wars and the horror of war. ject pertaining to with this warm invitation and plea." o King of Pe(J,ce, we humbly implore the peace for which "Peace," "Church and The Holy Father observes that the we long. Peace," "International "glory and the duty of this apostolate From Thy Thou didst shed forth over the Problems,'" etc., ~tc. of peace belong principally to Us, and world divine charity, so that discord might end and love 3. Conclude meeting with se­ to all called to be ministers of the God alone might reign among men. During Thy life on earth, lected prayer for peace of peace" and adds: "But here is a Thy hem't beat with tender compassion for the sorrows of by late Pope Benedict vast and glorious field for all the Cath­ men. In this day, .when hate often dominates, may Thy XV. (See March, 1931, olic laity, too, whom We unceasingly divine Heart be once more moved to pity. N. C. W. C. REVIEW). call upon and ask to share in the hier­ Inspire rulers and peoples with counsels of meekness. archical apostolate." Heal the discords that tear nations asunder. Thou Who Program C To assist in the spread of this apos­ didst shed Thy precious blood that they might live as brothers, 1. Have Holy Father's Ap­ tolate of peace, the Catholic laity in bring men together once mm'e in loving harmony. To the pealfor Peace read. (See the United States, through the Social cry of the Apostle Peter: "Save us, Lord, we perish," ThOll February, 19'31, N. C. Action Department of the National didst answer words of mercy and didst still the raging waves. W. C. REVIEW, p. 29). Catholic Welfare Conference, the Na­ Deign now to hear our trustful prayers and give back to the 2. Read brief selected ex­ tional Council of Catholic Women, the world order and peace. cerpts in the following, National Council of Catholic Men, and And do thou, 0 most Holy , as in other times oj dis­ order: The Christian the Catholic Association for Inter­ l1'ess, be our help, our protection, and our safeguard. Amen. TV ay to Peace, (Sections national Peace, have been invited to II and III); and Peace participate in the celebration of a State?nents of Recent "Catholic Peace Day" by preparing . (Sections II, IV, a program for one day in the week from March 15 to :March 21, shortly and V), International Ethics, (Section VI); Latin before Easter-the great feast of peace. The Social Action Depart­ A merica and the United States, (Appendix A); and Causes ment is assisting 169 Newman clubs; the Catholic Association for Inter­ of War, (Section A). Discussion. national Peace is planning the work for the observance in 162 Catholic 3. Close meeting with selected prayer for pe~ce by late Pope colleges; the National Council of Catholic Women ,has sent out material Benedict XV. (See March, 1931, N. C. W. C. REVIEW). to its 1,735 affiliated women's clubs; and the National Council of Cath­ olic Men, to its 2,500 affiliated organizations. L ETTERS with sugge tions for the "Catholic Peace Day" program ",·ere sent out to all Catholic colleges and Newman clubs in the These organizations have been supplied with one hundred copies of country, urging their participation in the great apostolate of peace The Holy Father's Appeal for Peace, suggestions for the celebration, which is to spread the "Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ." and offers of suitable literature prepared by the N. C. W. C. Joint Com­ The following are the suggestions offered: To have the appeal of mittee on Peace and the Catholic Association for International Peace. Pope Pius XI for peace read and discussed during the program; to in­ The former group has issued two pamphlets-The Christian Way to vite speakers to address the students on some subject pertaining to Peace and Peace Statements of Recent Popes. The C. A. I. P., through world peace, international relations, the Church and peace, etc.; to its various committees, has published International Ethics, Latin have the students prepare debates on topics based on nationalism and A merica and the United States, Causes of War, Security, Old and New; internationalism, the United States and the World Court, the League ritoria, Founder of International Law, The League of Nations, and of Nations and the United States; the United States and Latin America, American Agriculture and International Relations. disarmament, etc.; to have specified students give summaries, of the various reports prepared by the Catholic Association for International IN cooperating in the pla?,s presented. by the two. organizations men­ Peace; to ask the students to prepare papers on such subjects as the tioned above, the NatIOnal Council of CatholIc Women and the Church and peace efforts, the letter of Pope Benedict XV to the belliger­ ~ ational Council of Catholic Men have sent out to their various ent nations, the Christian way to peace, the Catholic Association for affiliated groups a choice of the three following programs to be used in International Peace, the program of Catholic peace groups in various eeking to carry out the wishes of the Holy Father: countries, how the college can assist the Catholic peace movement, Catholic lay action and peace, etc. Program A I t is also suggested that the students may report on such a topic as the "Catholic Press and International News" by a review of the Catholic 1. Have Holy Father's Appeal for Peace read. (See February, newspapers, magazines, etc.; that an open meeting might be arranged, 1931, N. C. W. C. REVIEW, p. 29). preferably for the evening, and the talks broadcast; that a full account 2. Have three ten-minute talks based on Speakers' Outline of the program could be given to the local press; that it be arranged to on The Christian Way to Peace. (Outline appears in have a sermon on some subject pertaining to the Church and peace March, 1931, N. C. W. C. REVIEW). Discussion. given on the Sunday preceding or following the week of March 15-21; 3. Close meeting with selected prayer for peace by late Pope that the president, dean, or professor of history, of social or political Benedict XV. (See March, 1931, N. C. W. C. RE­ sciences, of international relations in the various colleges form a per­ VIEW). manent contact with the Catholic Association for International Peace. 22 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 Speakers' Outline on "The Christian Way to Peace" NOTE-This outline calls for a discussion in lhr-ee ten-minute addresses III by three dtifferent speakers of thTee divisions of the general topic as set forth below, viz.: (1) The causes and cure of war; (f) Just war and nationalism; MEANS OF PEACE AND CATHOLIC LAY ACTION (3) Pacific means and Catholic lay action. (Sections VI and VII of Text. References-"Intemational The outline is based upon the pamphlet "THE CHRISTIAN WAY TO Ethics," Section VI, "Peace Statements of Recent Popes," and PEACE." Subordinate references are "INTERNATIONAL ETHICS," "CAUSES "The Holy Father's Appeal for Peace" ). OF WAR," "LATIN AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES" and "THE 1. General M eans­ HOLY FATHER'S APPEAL FOR PEACE," all of which are available at N. C. W. C. headquaTters. Treaties. The lecturer, or other officer or committee of the local society in charge Arbitration. of programs, should look to the details of selecting the persons to speak, A world court. fumishing them with the mater-ial, ordering pamphlets for the speakers, Disarmament. and procuring such additional supplies of literature as aTe desired for Moral right versus arms. distribution at the meeting or subsequently. 2. Catholic Lay Action­ The thTee speakers should prepare in advance, through a careful study Organization of peace programs. of this outline and the recommended literatuTe, to discuss the particulaT Study and application of principles of and Christian division of the topic assigned. charity to international problems of the day. It is suggested that the persons in charge of the progmm arrange in Examination of works which bear upon international goodwill. advance for three or four persons to lead in a general discussion following Encouraging formation of conferences, lectures and study circles the three addresses. dealing with peace. Study of reports on questions of international importance. I Cooperation with Catholic Association for International Peace. 114 CAUSES AND CURE FOR WAR Joint Unemployment Conference-(Cont. from p. 20) (Introduction, Sections I and II of Text: References­ "Causes of War," "International Et!l-ics," "The Holy FatheT's of the National Unemployment League, and Edwnrd E. Hunt, secre­ Appeal for Peace," and "Latin America and the United States," tary of the President's Emergency Committee on Unemployment. (Sections II, IV, and Appendix B). Prof. David A. McCabe, of Princeton University, presided over the opening session of the Conference, when "Stabilization" was 1. International Relations­ being considered. At this session Edwin S. Smith, personal assistant Necessity .of moral order. to A. Lincoln Filene, of Boston, Mass., outlined "?tTbat Employers Can False ideas of nationalism. Do;" Fred Hoehler, di.rector of public welfare of Cincinnati, 0., told "What A Municipal Government Can Do;" Leifur Magnusson, director 2. Major Causes of War­ of the Washington Branch of the International Labor Office, detailed Imperialism. "International Aspects of the Problem" and William T. Foster, of the National pride. Pollak Foundation for Economic Research, Newton, Mass., discussed Greed. "The Road to Plenty." Economic differences. Mr. Smith declared business men have awakened to the fact that Armament. unemployment is wasteful, and they are endeavoring to find a remedy. 3. Cure of War- An extensive system of inter-industry control of business operations appears necessary if business is to prevent cyclical unemployment. Acceptance of Kingdom of Christ in international life. Mr. Hoehler explained in detail the permanent measures to combat Practice of love of God and mankind in international relations. unemployment taken by the City of Cincinnati, the success of which Knowledge of international facts for application of moral laws. has attained nationwide note. An employment census was taken as early as 1929, and a permanent committee on unemployment was formed. II Mr. Magnusson revealed international ramifications of the unem­ ployment situation. He estimated that from ten to fifteen million work­ CONDITIONS OF A J U ~ T WAR AND NATIONALISM ers in the world today are unemployed. Mr. Foster blamed the Federal Reserve System, indirectly, for a (Sections III-V of Text. References-lCInternational certain degree of unemployment. He said the Federal Reserve re­ Ethics," Sections V and YI, and "Causes of War" ). duced bank credit by several millions of dollars in 1929) causing a 1. Conditions of a Just War- slump in business and in employment. The lost business and lost jobs Certainty of inj ustice. will not come back until the money comes back, he declared. Failure of peaceful settlement. John P. Frey, secretary-treasurer of the metal trades department, American Federation of Labor, addressed the conference on "Wages 2. Obligations to work for Peace- and Hours." The greatly increased per capita productivity of labor Necessity of study of underlying causes of war. has thrown men out of work, he said. Two million wage earners have Promotion of peaceful means of settlement. been eliminated from the production and transportation industries in Act of love of God and man. recent years, due to improved machinery and methods. A forum on public unemployment insurance was held with Prof. 3. N ationalism- Broadus Mitchell of Johns Hopkins University, presiding. Dr. John 'Nationalities and universal brotherhood. R. Commons, professor of economics at the U niYersity of Wisconsin, Nationalism and patriotism. argued in favor of the unemployment reserves, while John E. Edgerton, Evils of nationalism. president of the National Association of Manufacturers, opposed the Decline of nationalism. scheme. ------+------March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 23 1931 Edition of the Manual of Religious Vacation Schools Contains Full Course of Study and Valuable Information for Pupils and Teachers J At the annual meeting of the Catholic Rural Life Conference held in The Manual sets up definite standards for a religious vacation school, Springfield, Ill., last fall, Reverend Leon A. McNe'ill was made chairman describing a standard school as "an organized school of religion, con­ ()f a committee to revise the Manual of Religious Vacation Schools. Father ducted during the forenoon, five days a week, for four weeks, during McNeill, who is superintendent of Diocesan Schools in Wichita, Kansas, the period of the public school vacation." It is emphasized that only and who has had a great deal of experience in the providing and managing competent teachers should be placed in charge of a school, that they of vacation schools has spent a great deal of time and effort in the prepara­ should be fittingly lodged, provided with a definite course of study and tion of the new :M anual and with the aid of other members of the committee a set of regulations for conduct of the school, and given such supplies he has just now completed the w07·k and sent the Manual to the printer. and reference books as are required for effective teaching. The need The following is a brief description of the new edition of the Manual. of a central agency to direct the program in each diocese is pointed out, but the local parish or mission, except in the very poore~t places, is HE MANUAL OF RELIGIOUS VACATION SCHOOLS, expected to bear the financial burden of the vacation school. 1931 Edition, is now in the press and will be ready for distribu­ The course of study contained in the Manual has been prepared for T tion about the middle of March. This year's Manual is dedi­ the guidance of teachers, who are asked to modify the outlines in ac­ cated to Rt . .Rev. Edwin V. O'Hara, D.D., Bishop of Great Falls, cord with the needs of their pupils. The first tentative sections of the Montana, an outstanding leader in Catholic rural life work. The Man­ course, which appeared in the 1930 Manual, are reprinted together ual carries a foreword by Bishop O'Hara. with new sections which have been added. The course of study is to The 1931 Edition of the Manual of Religious Vacation Schools is the be further developed so that the remaining outlines can be published result of some months of labor on the part of a committee of four in next year's edition of the Manual. priests charged with its preparation. The Manual contains a brief and pointed explanation of the character, purpose, organization, and man­ PRIESTS, sisters, and laity who are in any way concerned with the agement of a religious vacation school, outlines of study for primary, administration of religious vacation schools should find the Manual intermediate, and junior high school grades; suggestions for senior high a helpful source of suggestions. Teachers especially will be ,able to school; and brief sections on handwork, visual education, health study, profit by the course of study and by the many choice references which and recreation. In the chapter on follow-up work, recommendations have been listed. The 1930 edition of the Manual proved to be most are made as to effective means of providing religious education for pub­ lic school children during the winter months, with special emphasis on serviceable in widespread parts of the country, and it is the hope of the The of Christian Doctrine, and religious correspondence Catholic Rural Life Conference that this new 1931 edition will be courses. In the latter part of the booklet are hymns suggested in the equally serviceable. The Manual will be distributed by the N. C. course of study and ajist of books which are recommended for teachers W. C. Rural Life Bureau, 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W., Wash­ and pupils in relia-iolls vacation schools. ington, D. C.

------~------The Rural Parish Credit Union ROBABLY THE FIRST strictly rural parish credit union in the credit for the small farmers of Germany and they have been confined United States is the St. Louis Credit Union of St. Louis Parish, almost entirely to the rural population. They have found their best P Clarksville, Md., which was organized by the pastor, Reverend W. support in the rural parishes. Between four and five thousand of these Howard Bishop, who is also president of the Catholic Rural Life Con­ cooperative credit societies are to be found today in the Catholic and ference. Other credit unions were organized in parishes at an earlier Lutheran parishes of Germany. date, notably certain of the credit societies organized in French-Cana­ On the other hand, the Schulze societies have been in the main urban dian parishes in New England and societies formed in the middle west although a few of them are found in rural communities. In a bulletin under the inspiration of the Catholic Rural Life Conference and the issued by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics we find the following Central Verein. But these societies were mainly or entirely composed contrast between the ideals of the two founders: of dwellers in towns and cities. The Clarksville parish is truly rural. "Schulze was materialistic and commercial, kept the financial aim The Clarksville credit union recently completed the first year of its ever in view, avoided all connection with religion and charity, and existence and made its annual report. It is still small and in a year of carried the doctrine of self-help to its limit, refusing outside aid of agricultural depression following other similar years it has not heaped any kind, whether state or local. Raiffeisen was humanitarian and up the assets that one finds in the city credit unions. But it has made ethical, idealistic, intensely religious, pre~ched educational and moral a good beginning. It has 67 members and was able to pay dividends reform, accepted outside aid wherever proffered, tried to organize of five per cent on its paid up shares in addition to four per cent on its his societies in connection with churches, enlisted the aid of parish deposits. The pastor feels that it has made a good start and that with priests, and though a Lutheran, was supported by the clergy of all proper perseverance there is notable success ahead. denominations." In the nature of things parish credit unions ought to be successful in rural communities as well as in towns and cities. The credit unions SOMEWHERE about thirty credit unions have been established in of the United States trace their ancestry back to Europe through the Catholic parishes within the last year but they are only making a people's banks of Canada. Alphonse Desjardins, who organized the beginning in the rural parishes. European experience as well as Cana­ first of the more than a hundred people's banks to be found at present in the parishes of the Province of Quebec, went to the popular banks dian would indicate that their field of usefulness is in the country as of Italy and to the Schulze and Raiffeisen banks of Germany for his well as in the city. It is to be hoped that more rural pastors will soon inspiration. And not the least important part of that inspiration came give them an opportunity to demonstrate their serviceableness. The from the Raiffeisen banks. N. C. W. C. Rural Life Bureau will furnish information to pastors who The Raiffeisen credit societies were originally formed to secure are interested in studying them.

------~------24 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 Catholic Women's Contribution to Unemployment Relief Told in Radio Address over Station WRC, Washington, D. C., by Miss Agnes G. Regan N A RADIO ADDRESS on "Catholic Women and Wel­ of Mrs. Lillian M. Gilbreth of the President's Emergency fare," delivered from Station WRC, Washington, D. C., Committee for Employment caIne to headquarters. We I Tuesday afternoon, February 17, 1931, Miss Agnes G. were happy to write Mrs. Gilbreth assuring her of the full Regan, executive secretary of the National Council of Cath­ cooperation of all our affiliated organizations and of Cath­ olic Women, described the far-reaching and effective aid olic women in general. which Catholic women's organizations are rendering through­ "The first step was the sending out to the sixteen national, out the country in the present unemployment crisis. Miss ten state and seventeen hundred local organizations, of Regan spoke under the auspices of the Woman's Division of Archbishop Hanna's statement and the appeal from the the President's Emergency Committee for Employment. President's Committee. Women in Catholic groups, Miss Regan said, have con­ tributed thousands of dollars to aid unemployed men and "IT has not been our custom to gather statistical reports women, they have employed men and women to do work in c .cerning such work as this. I t means the expenditure the homes and to do construction jobs at their charitable of time and money at a time when these are so needed to institutions. They have maintained free employment bu­ carryon the work at hand. However, a very limited survey reaus, found jobless men and women to do needed work, in order loO make possible the broadcast for the Committee, prepared and distributed food to the needy, collected cloth­ reveals splendid accomplishment. Local groups of the Cath­ ing, given free hospitalization to the sick, fed the hungry, olic Daughters of America, the Daughters of Isabella, Inter­ assumed the insurance responsibilities of many unemployed national Federation of Catholic Alumnae, Catholic Women's men and women, and sponsored many other helpful projects, Union, various fraternal organizations and numerous she said. parish societies, women's clubs, etc., all responded imme­ In beginning her address, Miss Regan explained the place diately. of the National Council of Catholic Women in the organiza­ "Outstanding in the reports are .the financial contributions tion of the National Catholic Welfare Conference and the made to local agencies in order to help with the providing purpose of theN. C. C. W. as "a medimn through which of funds to aid unemployed men and women. These con­ the Catholic women of the country may speak and act as a tributions aggregate thousands of dollars. unit when the welfare of the Church or of the Country de­ "Practical services rendered include report of rental by ,mands such expression." a women's organization of ten sewing machines, purchase of material, and employment of ten women by the day to "THE World War taught us the need of coordination and make clothing for needy families. The same organization cooperation," said Miss Regan. "In a great emergency recorded the employment of a number of men to make the soul of America awoke. 'rhe situation which confronts necessary additions and repairs, as suggested by the Emer­ us today is certainly as serious-perhaps more so, even, gency Committee. than the World War.... More serious than material "An organization maintaining a convalescent home for needs is the effect on the mental and moral attitude of the children cooperated with the Junior League of the same great army of unemployed." city. The latter had funds which could be devoted to the IVliss Regan then explained the action of the Administra­ employment of a number of men for a limited period. They tive Committee of the National Catholic Welfare Conference sought an organization which needed work in construction and in asking all its departments as well as organizations affiliated would be willjng to supply material. Through the coopera­ with the National Councils of Catholic Men and Women to tion of these two groups a number of men were employed for take an active and immediate interest in seeking to relieve, several weeks; as a result a worthy institutio'n had added a and improve the condition of the unemployed and to co­ sun-porch which will contribute much to the health of the operate with the Hoover Emergency Committee for Em­ little inmates of the convalescent home. ployment as well as with local official bodies working for a betterment of the situation. She quoted from the statement "AN alumnae group in each of two Catholic schools pre­ of Archbishop Hanna, as authorized by the Cardinals, sented the situation to the student body. Each class Archbishops and Bishops at their November, 1930, meeting, assumed the responsibility for the care of one family. calling upon Catholics "to do more than give alms and more, "Several organizations report the maintenance of free em­ even, than take measures. to provide work and reduce the ployment bureaus. One in the Far Northwest reports the present army of the unemployed." And further, "to look findi,ng of jobs during December for 36 men and in January also to the long-time, deeper-seated and harder task of for 39. A League of Catholic Women in the Middle West allowing the likeness of the Saviour of the world to shine reports the placement, in cooperation with the Y. W. C. A. through our country's economic institutions." and the J ewish Welfare Board of 465 women-also provision "In the meantime," continued Miss Regan, "the appeal (Continued on page 31) March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 25 Immigration Follow-Up in the Cleveland Diocese By Mary O'Callaghan THE splendidly organized program of ficance of the work, and the need for faithful effort rather immigration follow-up carried on by than spaRmodic attempts. He explained the seriousness of the Cleveland Diocesan Council of Catholic the obligation assumed in starting the work, and pointed out Women thmugh its executive secretary and active groups of volunteer workers will be that when once started, its neglect would be a matter of of great interest to other Catholic women's conscience. groups throughout ihe country engaged in similar work. At the request of N. C. o T~ER speakers were: Mrs. Mabel Mattingly on "Im- C. W. headquarters, Miss O'Callaghan mIgrant Backgrounds," Miss Florence Mason on "Com­ wrote this interesting account of immi­ gration activities in the Cleveland Dio­ munity Resources," and Miss Helen Phelan o~ "Community MISS O'CALLAGHAN cese.-THE EDITOR. Centers and Settlement Houses." All of this with a view to providing the workers with as much information as possible N UNDERTAKING THE PROGRAM of the follow-up regarding resources of all kinds available for newcomers. I work for the Immigration Bureau, N. C. W. C., it was They were also provided with lists showing the names and evident that effective work could not be done without the l?cations of all nationality churches in the city, and also assistance of a group of volunteers who would be willing to lIsts of af.ternoon and evening schools where adult classes give some time to preparation for the work and would agree were available. to carryon for a definite period. At regular intervals, we invite as speakers priests repre­ When the work was initiated we had the valuable assist­ senting the national groups, each one giving a short but ance of the N. C. W. C. Bureau of Immigration. Several comprehensive interpretation of the background of his par­ days were spent at national headquarters in company with ticular group. This has been a great help in more ways Miss Mary Carey, Ellis Island representative of the Bureau, than one. So far it has been a valuable source of knowledge studying the work of the Bureau and methods of coopera­ regarding the nationality traits which makes for a more tion with the N. C. C. W. Afterwards Miss Carey came to sympathetic and understanding contact. In turn, it has Cleveland and collaborated in the study of conditions and been the means of bringing to the priests a knowledge of inauguration of the mcal program. the work of our .Diocesan Council, showing that we are Our general plan provides for a diocesan chairman to as­ doing a definite work which touches most intimately their sist the executive secretary in carrying out the general pro­ own parishes. This understanding has led to an opportunity gram throughout the diocese. A chairman in each deanery for contact on the part of some other committee with the directs the work of the- volunteers within that deanery. pastor and the people. A third benefit is the better under­ An advisory board, composed of capable women, assists in standing on the part of our American women of the foreign­ formulating policies, studying those which have been in born peoples, their problems and ambitions. use, and deciding whether or not results would suggest change. The entire plan has been formulated with the coun­ OUR volunteers are secured by appeal, sometimes through sel of the Rev. C. Hubert LeBlond, diocesan director of a pastor, sometimes through a president of a parish Catholic Charities, and with the approval of the executive organization, and through personal acquaintances. In this board of the Cleveland Diocesan Council. way we have built up a corps of twenty-six workers in Cleveland-six of whom act as interpreters of the different languages when we need them, the others doing home visit­ RESULTS give evidence of the value of slow but persist­ ing work. One of them has given considerable assistance in ent efforts on the part of many earnest women and are the secretarial work, which is necessarily very heavy. a comforting assurance that volunteers can do very effective work. In securing volunteers, we have tried to find them in the different districts so that each one will not have so large a Of course it has been possible to secure the greatest num­ territory to cover. The work is under the direction of the ber of workers in the City of Cleveland, and naturally the executive secretary who covers the few. sections where there Cleveland follow-up cards show the result of training. This is no worker as yet and fills in when a regular worker is is due to the fact that we have had frequent meetings for temporarily unable to make calls. these volunteers, on an average of once a month, sometimes twice a month. At these meetings, instructions have been Cleveland has been used as an example, not because it is given regarding various points of follow-up technique, and the only place where good work has been done, but because questions answered on points which may be bothering any it has afforded an opportunity for closer study and super­ vision, and the building up of a definite training for volun­ worker present. In beginning our work, Father LeBlond, director of the teers. The other deaneries have done excellent work , with Bureau of Charities and spiritual director of the Diocesan their limited number of volunteers, and the intelligent de- Council of Catholic Women, presented the f: i itual signi- (Continued on page 31) 26 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 N.C.C.W. Announces Membership of Seven Permanent National Committees HE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOlVIEN, in fulfilling its function of clearing house for affiliated organizations, plans, through national committees, to keep in touch with the work of Catholic women's organiza­ T tions throughout the country and in turn to be of service wherever possible. The committees thus far organized are as follows: Girls' Welfare, Immigration, Industrial Problems, National Catholic School of Social Service, Parent-Teacher Associations, Religious Education, Advancement of Study Clubs. At the head of each of these national committees is a CHAIRMAN, who is a member of the Board of Directors, N. C. C. W. Each committee has a CONSULTANT, who is associated with one of the Departments of the National Catholic Welfare Conference and whose training and experience fit her to advise concerning the work along the various lines. The presidents of diocesan councils have been requested to appoint for each of these committees a member who is in turn the chairman of the corresponding diocesan committef'. The following is a list of the officers of the various com­ mittees a~d of their diocesan membership to date:

COMMITTEE ON GIRLS "WELFARE COMMITTEE ON THE Chairman, Mrs. C. B. Mendel, Diocese of Galveston; Consultant, TIO AL CATHOLIC SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE (To be named). Chairman, Mrs. A. S. Musante, Archdiocese of San Francisco; Con­ Diocesan Membe1's: Miss Katherine T. Ryan, Diocese of Des Moines; sultant, Miss Agnes G. Regan. Miss Anna Murphy, Archdiocese of Portland; Miss Electa Byrne, Diocesan M embers: Miss Jane Doyle, Archdiocese of Portland; Diocese of Duluth; Mrs. A. P. McBrady, Diocese of Galveston; Mrs. Mrs. John McMahon ,Diocese of Duluth; 1VIrs. Majorie Garrett, Dio­ Harvey Smith, Diocese of Denver; Mrs. George Bordenkircher, Diocese cese of Galveston; Mrs. Hugo Orlopp, Diocese of Leavenworth; Mrs. of Leavenworth; Mrs. Joseph McElroy, Diocese of Hartfordj Mrs. F. Herbert F. Fisher, Diocese of Hartford; Mrs. J. Monforten, Diocese of C. Gormley, Diocese of Helena; Miss Mary T. Haire, Diocese of Kan­ Helena; Mrs. Katherine D. Gebhardt, AJ'chdiocese of Cincinnati; sas City; Mrs. G. M. Phelan, Archdiocese of Milwaukee; Miss Helen Mrs. A. J. Guthrie, Diocese of Cleveland; Mrs. Henry J. Keyser, Arch­ M. Hierholzer, Diocese of Pittsburgh; Mrs. Charles E. Van Hecke, diocese of Milwaukee; Mrs. John M. Cleary, Diocese of Kansas City; Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. Walter Vetter, Diocese of EI Paso; Mrs. Mrs. R. A. Kennedy, Diocese of Pittsburgh; Mrs. Gustave Kellar, A. H. Stuckey, Diocese of Los Angeles; Mrs. Joseph L. Whelan, Diocese Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. T. W. Keating, Diocese of El Paso; Miss of Harrisburg; Mrs. John A. Wulftange, Archdiocese of Cincinnati; Anna E. McCaughey, Diocese of Los Angeles; Mi s Alice Barry Reilly, Mrs. Charles R. Castlen, Diocese of Seattle; Miss Catherine V. Mylett, Diocese of Harrisburg; Mrs. Clyde Walton, Diocese of Seattle; Mrs. Diocese of Cleveland;" Miss Catherine Moriarity, Archdiocese of San Thomas Catton, Archdiocese of San Francisco. Francisco. COMMITTEE ON P ARENT-TEACHER AsSOCIATIONS COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION Chairman, Mrs. William J. Hotz, Diocese of Omaha; Consultant, Chairman, Mrs. M. J. O'Fallon, Diocese of Denver; Consultant, Miss Margaret T. Lynch. Miss Sarah Weadick. Diocesan Members: Mrs. Allen W. Snook, Diocese of Des Moines; Diocesan Members: Miss Gretta Starrett, Diocese of Des Moines; Mrs. O. C. Tingley, Archdiocese of Portland; Mrs. J. F. Fleming, Mrs. J. E. Fraights, Archdiocese of Portland; Mrs. J. H. Herbert, Dio­ Diocese of Duluth; 1VIrs. Frank A. Welch, Diocese of Salt Lake; Mrs. cese of Duluth; Mrs. J. W. Thompson, Diocese of Salt Lake; Mrs. ~. J. P. Gillan, Diocese of Galveston; l\1rs. G. A. Graveline, Diocese of W. Reed, Diocese of Galveston; Mrs. M. B. Klattenhoff, Diocese of Denver; Mrs. J. Ellsworth, Diocese of Leavenworth; Mrs. M. J. Mor­ Denver; Mrs. H. P. Boyle, Diocese of Leavenworth; Mrs. Harold H. rissey, Diocese of Hartford; Mrs. Helene Curtis, Diocese of Helena; Gae, Diocese of Helena; Mrs. Henry Stewart, Diocese of Kansas City; Mrs. Arthur Donessen, Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. Arlo C. Greena­ Mrs. William F. McClosky, Djocese of Green Bay; Mrs. Frank J. walt, Diocese of El Paso; Mrs. Joseph B. Brady, Archdiocese of Mil­ Lyons, Diocese of EI Paso; Mrs. Alice Lyons, Diocese of Los Angeles; waukee; Mrs. Theresa Ward, Diocese of Los Angeles; NIrs. Henry G. Mrs. George P. Vanier, Diocese of Harrisburg; Mrs.- Alice Costolo, Renwer, Diocese of Harrisburg; l\1rs. Byran harkey, Archdiocese of Archdiocese of Cincinnati; Mrs. Judson Benton, Diocese of Seattle; Cincinnati; Mrs. Matthew McBride, Diocese of eattle; Mrs. H. H. Miss Mary O'Callaghan, Diocese of Cleveland; Miss Eleanor Tierney, Beebe, Diocese of Cleveland; Mrs. . J. Donohue, Archdiocese of San Archdiocese of San Francisco; Miss Laura Arnolds, Archdiocese of Francisco. Milwaukee. COMMITTEE ON RELIGIOUS EnucATIO COMMITTEE ON INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS Chairman, Mrs. Henry J. Keyer, Archdiocese of Milwaukee; Con­ Chairman, Mrs. George V. McIntyre, Archdiocese of Chicago; Con­ sultant, Miss Margaret T. Lynch. sultant, Miss Linna E. Bresette. Diocesan Members: Miss Sara E. McBride, Diocese of Des Moines; Diocesan Members: Miss Katherine T. Ryan, Diocese of Des Moines; Miss Lillian White, Archdiocese of Portland; Mrs. J. M. Shields, Dio­ Miss Helen Crowe, Archdiocese of Portland; Mrs. W. V. Kane, Diocese cese of Duluth; Mrs. B. C. Lozana, Diocese of Galveston; Mrs. P. J. of Duluth; Mrs. R. G. Brady, Diocese of Galveston; Miss Agnes Hanni­ Sullivan, Diocese of Denver; Miss Eulalia Erbacher, Diocese of Leaven­ gan, Diocese of Leavenworth; Miss Marguerite T. Boylan, Diocese of worth; Mrs. Matt Seillers, Diocese of Helena; Miss Anne Sarachon Hartford; Mrs. A. J. Grant, Diocese of Helena; Miss Elizabeth Mc­ Hooley, Diocese of Kansas City; ' Mrs. Mary McGinniss, Diocese of Gowan, Diocese of Kansas City; Miss Catherine A. O'Donnell, Diocese Pittsburgh; Miss Edmire Quinlan, Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. C. E. of Pittsb,?"gh; Miss Angeline Knitter, Archdiocese of Milwaukee; Mrs. Kelly, Diocese of El Paso; Mrs. George H. Nicholson, Diocese of Los Clara Egan, Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. T. W. Keating, Diocese of Angeles; Miss Hannah T. Cassidy, Diocese of Harrisburg; Miss Cecilia El Paso; Mrs. Walter J. Lumbleau, Diocese of Los Angeles; Miss Anna Hellmuth, Archdiocese of Cincinnati; Miss Sadie N. Foye, Diocese of Dill Gamble, Diocese of Harrisburg; Mrs. John Westendorf, Archdio­ Seattle; Miss Nettie Rice, Diocese of Cleveland; Miss Mary Duraind, cese of Cincinnati; Mrs. Reba McArdle, Diocese of Seattle; Miss Mar­ Archdiocese of San Francisco; Miss Mary A. Brady, Archdiocese of garet M. Carroll, Diocese of Cleveland; Miss Florentine chage, Arch­ Milwaukee. diocese of San Francisco. (Continued on page 31) March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 27

Brief Reports of N.C.C.W. Activities inVarious Dioceses +------~ Cleveland Council Promises 100 Per Cent Membership annual contribution for the Catholic Charities Bureau.

THE CLEVELAND Diocesan Council of the National Council of Msgr. Selinger Aids N. C. C. W. Program in Jefferson City, Missouri Catholic Women, assured their spiritual leader, the Rt. Rev. Joseph Schrembs, D.D., Bishop of Cleveland, that the Cleveland Diocesan Since the organization of the National Council of Catholic Women Council will be more than 100 per cent in national membership by the Monsignor Selinger of Jefferson City has been one of its most ardent time of the 1931 convention in Washington. Letters sent out to 'all supporters. Under his guidance the women of Jefferson City have board members and signed by Mrs. J. J. Bernet, organization chairman, carried out a constructive program which includes many phases of requested each board member to pledge her effort to have at least one social and civic betterment. new organization or a renewal. This assurance was given to Bishop A letter from the secretary of St. Catherine's Study Club give an Schrembs as an anniversary gift on February 22, the occasion of his interesting report of what they have accompli!3hed during the past 20th anniversary ,of consecration as Bishop. year. The program was devoted to the study of the sacraments. The outline for the subjects for discussion gives evidence that the work was Fine Cooperation of Youngstown Deanery Council of a very thorough character.

The Youngstown Deanery Council made it possible for three dis­ Las Vegas Council Active in Study Club Work tinct groups to hear Miss Agnes G. Regan of Washington, D. C., national executive secretary of the N. C. C. W., tell of the work of the Very encouraging reports of activities in Santa Fe give evidence of National Catholic Welfare Conference, and the work of the National continued interest in the work of the Diocesan Council in the Southwest. Council of Catholic Women, at meetings held February 7 in Youngs­ One of the great joys of the Denver Convention was the meeting with town. The first meeting, a luncheon, interested 200 Catholic women the women of Santa Fe, Albuquerque, Las Vegas, and elsewhere. of the three counties which make up the Youngstown deanery, the In a recent letter from the Secretary of the Las Vegas Council we second largest deanery in size in the Cleveland Diocese. The Very learn that the Study Club has been having ari interesting time with' Rev. William A. Kane, LL.D., dean of the deanery, and 12 other the outline of the Mass program. The regular monthly meeting of the priests, attended the luncheon. That afternoon, Miss Regan visited Council was held January 13. Among the members were some who had the Ursuline convent and talked to the si ters, pointing out how traveled a distance of thirty-five miles. admirable it would be to give our children, even in their chool age, Rev. Father Ferhen, chaplain of La Salle Preparatory College of some instruction on the necessity of common Catholic action and Las Vegas, gave a very comprehensive talk on the Equal Rights Blanket the federation of Catholic organizations themselves. That even­ Amendment. This is one of the measures which the N. C. C. W. in­ ing Miss Regan addressed the Catholic Laymen's League, the local cl uded in the discussion at Denver and which was again presented in branch of the Catholic Charities Corporation of the Cleveland Diocese, Congress. attended by a representative group of 50 men. This group assists in It is encouraging to note that our Catholic women are studying these sponsoring the Anna Marie Home social agency for orphaned and de­ problems so that they may be able in an informed way to approve or pendent children and other charity work in the diocese. Two former stu­ oppose legislation. dents of the N. C. S. , . S .. Miss Mary Hynes and Miss Agnes O'Connor, are members of this staff of workers. Miss Regan warned against the Of particular interest in connection with this special group is the dangers of an organized minority forcing legislation through state and fact that many Spanish-speaking women are included, which necessi­ national legislatures, explained in detail efforts made by such groups tates the translation of certain parts of the program into Spanish. and efforts made by the N. C. W. C. in opposing some of the pernicious There can be no better way than this for bringing about a common legislation which is being fostered, such as birth control, sterilization. understanding between our Latin-American neighbors and ourselves. Miss Regan also pointed out the wisdom of having trained social Joint membership in such societies will break down all national barriers. workers, stating that it was as necessary as it was to have a trained nurse, a trained teacher, trained physician or training in any other Albuquerque Council Works on High School Building Program profession. The necessity, too, of paying salaries commensurate with From Dr. L. Emelyn Clark, of Albuquerque-another section of their years of training and education was also stressed. She stated the Archdiocese of Santa Fe-we learn that the Council is participating that the National Catholic School of Social Service aims to attract in the effort to erect a new high school building equipped with up-to­ girls of college training or its equivalent and in order to do so salaries date laboratories, and including an auditorium to be used for meetings must be in keeping with their education and t.raining. of a social order. This group has undertaken the responsibility of visit­ Mrs. W. C. Benham, national first-vice-president, and Mrs. John ing the Welfare Home for Girls, a state institution located just outside S. Gorman, Cleveland diocesan president, were special guests. of Albuquerque. . A committee of the local council has provided health examination Cleveland Deanery Entertains Mrs. Kathleen Norris for the children in the parochial school and furnished milk to under­ Under the chairmanship of Mrs. C. M. Ballou, the Cleveland Dean­ nourished children. Very wisely this is not on a purely free basis. ery of the Cleveland Diocesan Council of Catholic Women was hostess Children pay three cents for a ticket which, when presented to the at­ at' a charmingly arranged tea in the club rooms of the Chamber of Com­ tendant, secures for the child one-half pint of milk. Provision is made merce on January 31 in honor of Mrs. Kathleen Norris, the noted by the Council to provide with free tickets children who are not able writer. Mrs. W. J. Bushea is president of this very active deanery to meet the cost of milk. The sisters are much pleased with the work Council. that has been done and give full cooperation to the movement. The Cleveland Deanery Council recently sponsored a course of six Dr. Clark, an active member of the Council, has established a clinic lectures in psychology by Dr. Henry C. Schumacher. More than 250 for Spanish-speaking patients, which the Council plans to take over enrolled. and conduct under Catholic supervision as soon as it can be handled financially. Due to the great poverty in this section of the country, Student and Charity Aid Promoted by Buffalo Council Catholics are greatly handicapped in such work and are deserving of The Diocesan Council of Buffalo has undertaken two local projects: assistance from those who may feel the importance of a great social one, the provision of a scholarship in Canisills College; the other, an program in what is largely a Spanish-speaking community. ' 28 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931

Kansas City Sacred Heart Alumnae Provide N. C. S. S. S. Scholarship when every prospective reader ... has been interviewed and thor­ oughly acquainted with the content and aims of The Catholic Bulletin. The Sacred Heart Alumnae of Kansas City Missouri have voted to Mrs. Thomas P. Ryan of Minneapolis is president of the organization. provide an annual scholarship in the National Catholic School of Social The Minnesota Council is the first to inform headquarters of the Service, to be available to a Sacred Heart graduate from any part of the United States. appontment of delegates to the 1931 convention of the National Coun­ cil of Catholic Women in Washington, D. C. Mrs. Ryan and Mrs. New Study Club Launched in St. Mark's Parish, St. Paul Edward 1. Knaub of St. Paul have been named official representatives.

Mrs. J. H. Russell, of St. Paul, reports the organization of St. Mark's Miss Regan Speaks at Meeting of Washington Sodality Union Study Club by a group of women in St. Mark's parish, St. Paul. With its paramount interest in the field of Catholic literature, history and The national executive secretary of the National Council of current events, the club also plans a study of parliamentary law and its Catholic Women, Miss Agnes G. Regan, addressed a recent meeting of usage, and it will interest itself in state and national legislation. the Sodality Union of Washington, D. C., on the proposed Equal Rights Blanket Amendment. Miss Regan explained the reasons for With due regard for the name it has chosen, the club will begin its opposing this amendment and urged the sodalists to study this and work ~th the study of the according to St. Mark, using the N. C. C. W. study club outline. other important legislation at present before Congress. Miss Mary The officers are: Mrs. Russell, president; Mrs. E. H. Slater, vice­ Mattingly, president of the organization, pre ided. president; Mrs. John James Ryan, secretary; and Mrs. T. J. Flynn, Mrs. Mullen Addresses Omaha Council on Legislation treasurer. The Omaha .Deanery of the Omaha Diocesan Council of Catholic Mrs. Elizabeth Mehan Elected President of Milwaukee School Board Women held a meeting recently at which matters pertaining to legisla­ Mrs. Elizabeth Mehan of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, editor of the official tion were discussed. Mrs. Arthur Mullen, former president of the Na­ organ of the Women's Catholic Order of Foresters, has been a member tional Council and pre 'ident of Diocesan Council, spoke on the Equal of the Board of Education of the City of Milwaukee and has now been Rights Blanket Amendment and stated that a protest against the pas­ sage of this bill had been sent in the name of the Omaha Council. Mrs. made president of that body. W. J. Hotz, member of the Board of Directors of the National Council Miss Anne Brown, President of Albany District Council, N. C. C. W. of Catholic Women, gave a resume of national activities. The deanery president, Mrs. C. T. Duffy, presided. In reporting the organization meeting in the Alb~ny Dil)cese, the name of Miss Anne Austin Brown, president of the Albany District, was Mrs. Anna K. Sullivan Teaches Catechism to 100 Children Each Week erroneously omitted. Miss Brown was chairman of the committee The San Diego County Council of Catholic Women held its second which formulated the constitution and has been an untiring worker in quarterly meeting on January 19. Annual reports were made by repre­ the organization of the L'iocesan Council. sentatives of many of the parochial and non-parochial organizations Mrs. Mary S. 'Mulqueen has been elected president of the Saratoga and practically every phase of charitable and welfare work were touched. District, in lieu of Mrs. Thomas Fennell who was unable t ·) serve. The reports were highly interesting and ideas of the ways in which means Plans are under way for the first convention of the I'i ')cesan Council were secured and expe lded by the various organizations during the year which is scheduled for April. Great enthusiasm is being evidenced were exchanged. from all quarters and it is expected that in the next few weeks, the out­ A feature of the morning session was a paper based on personal ex­ line and personnel of complete units in every district will be established. perience in teaching children Christian doctrine, by Mrs. Anna K. At a recent meeting of the .\lbany District Miss fown, president Sullivan, of Lakeside. Mrs. Sullivan has labored among the children of that unit, stated th9t special effort would be mn ·e to enrol every of EI Cajon and Lakeside for years, and every week teaches more than organization in the Dif)cesan (;ouncil. 100 children. Her paper was greatly appreciated by the large gathering. Catholic Women's Club of York, Pa., Issues Unique Year Book Mrs. Rose Roy, president of the Los Angeles Diocesan Council, made the principal address; her subject was "Woman's Remedy." She The Catholic Woman's Cl'lb of York, Pennsylv ' i .•1 st be com­ explained the program of the National Council of Catholic Women and plimented for its originality. Its new Year Book serv"s '~rI n ' pmposes. pleaded for adequate support of that organization that it may continue In addition to relating the history of the organiz"ti' l' n 1 giving a to carryon its important work. The Very Rev. Dean John M. Hegarty very splendid outlin~ for the study of the "Christian r,. i'···." it serves and Attorney Edward Whalen spoke at the luncheon which followed as a cook book. the business session. Mrs. A. H. I tuckey, county president, presided. Under the leadership of Miss Anna Dill Gamble, t' i" , h'l.s done excellent work in the past. The following study t ')' i f' ~ 1 f 'f)m this Mrs. John Gorman Speaks on "The " to Year Book may be suggestive to other study clubs' " 1" 'J) ily the Two Cleveland Audiences Unit of Society;" "The Christian Family in the 13t} 0" J l"v:" "The Mrs. John R. Gorman, president of the Cleveland Di cesan Council, and its Effect on Marriage;" "The Eff(\(·t f ~ T ern In­ addressed the Women's City Club of Cleveland and also spoke before a dustry on the Family;" "The Modern Philosophy rf ~e'f-I t1 tlgence;" group (f more than three hundred gathered at the Public Library, on "The Christian Family and Its Economic Problems"- (r< fTHpnt in­ the Lfl t o l'3n Trenty. Her address was based on material furnished by come, properly administered, Pennsylvania Laws, Pem'i-'n f .,. J 10thers, N. C. C. W. he:tdquarters and she has expressed her very grateful ap­ Equal Rights Amendment); "Family Limitation-Cath ic ilosophy; preci ti·)n hI' tHs assistance. Non-Catholic Philosophy." The N. C. W. C. study club outline and the .Holy Fathe:'s Encycli­ Connecticut Council Conducts Book Shop During Holiday Season cal on Christian Marriage are used in connection with tl'is study. An e i c.ltion[Jl progTam has won favor with many of the local coun­ cils of the Connectic1lt Council of Catholic Women. Book shops were Minnesota Council of Catholic Women Aids "Catholic Bulletin" estab:ished during the holiday season by the New Haven and New A very worthwhile project has been undertaken by the Minnesota London Councils, and special attention was given to books which could Council of Catholic Women which is sponsoring a campaign to bring profitably be used by study clubs. The Calvert Club, which is com­ The Catholic Bulletin, the diocesan organ into every Catholic home in posed of membets of the Norwalk Council, has used the N. C. W. C. the "Twin Cities," The publicity for the campaign states: "There is study club's out'ines. A well-planned lectme program has been carried no question of the success of the campaign-the real question is what out by the Meriden Council. Other projects are catechism centers, measure of success shall satisfy us. And the answer t +1 is is that we sllch as the one carried on in Bridgeport for several years, and the re­ must not rest \\-ith any set number or fixed P:O fll. nly halt cent and successful religious vacation school at Broadbrook. March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 29

Fine Publicity Given Toledo Deanery Council of America in behalf of tubercular children and orphans received com­ mendation. The Toledo Deanery Council of Catholic Women is to be compli­ The Legislative Chairman, Mrs. john Mueller, reported prompt ac­ mented on the splendid publicity it received in the February 8th edition tion in protesting objectionable state and federal legislation. of the Toledo Sunday Times-a complete page in the photographic sec­ "Bolivar, the Liberator" was the subject of the luncheon talk given tion containing the pictures of officers and chairmen of special com­ by Rev. Gerald Walsh, S.J., principal of Regis High School. mittees. The afternoon speakers were Rev. John R. Mulroy, who reported The staff of the Community House at 624 Cherry St., Toledo, was his attendance at the White House Conference on Child Health and host to the members of the Toledo Council, February 6. Following a Protection held in Washington, D. in November, 1930; Thomas business meeting the clubs and classes entertained the guests. The c., P. Mahoney of Longmont, who spoke on legislation; Dr. A. D. Kaplan, program included a wand and dumbbell drill by the St. Francis de professor of economics at Denver University School of Commerce, Sales' Cathedral gymnasium class, dances by a group of children in the whose subject was "Soci~l Control of Unemploymenti" Rev. J. P. beginning natural dancing class, a song by girls of St. Hedwig's sewing Trudel of Fort Collins, and Miss Helen Burke. class, a pantomine by the dramatic class and other features by the St. An invitation to hold the next quarterly meeting in Puebl in April Adalbert's sewing class, the Holy Rosary sewing class, the Junior Dra­ was accepted. matic Club, advanced natural and tap dancing class and members of Girl Scout Troop No. 37. Miss Minnie Byrne is director of the House. EI Paso Council Discusses Religious Vacation Schools at Quarterly Meeting Bishop Tihen Takes Farewell of Denver Diocesan Council The quarterly meeting of the EI Paso Diocesan Council of Catholic Mrs. T. A. Cosgriff, the newly elected president of the Denver Dio­ Women was held at the Community Center, El Paso, Monday, January cesan Council, presided at the quarterly meeting of that body held 26. Mrs. Isabella Fineau, president, presided. At this meeting Mrs. January 28. Fineau urged the members to subscribe to the N. C. W. C. REVIEW The Right Reverend J. Henry Tihen, D.D., Bishop of Denver, com­ and the Western American. mended the Council on its accomplishments in the past and pleaded for Mrs. Ellen Moore, president of the Marfa (Texas) District, gave a a continuance of united effort. He said: "God's work must go on. It most illuminating talk on the work of the religious vacation schools in would be treason to the welfare of humanity to desert the cause. Work her district. Mrs. Moor had four nuns ~ith her for a month, 4uring in the present to insure perpetuation of the ideals of the organization which time she cared for them entirely and took them to the various in the futUl'e. God will pronounce the final blessing." points where the schools were held. The work was most successful, The words were a valedictory, for Bishop Tihen-loyal friend and but there is a need for much more work. Due to the fact that there is supporter of the Diocesan Council since its inception-was addressing no priest in that area oftener than once jn six weeks, and during the it for the last time. Because of ill health, His Lordship tendered his thirty years Mrs. Moore has lived there, there has not been a single resignation some months ago. Both the Diocesan and the National Christmas or Easter service, the people are hungry for religious training. Councils feel keenly his_ withdrawal. Most of the children had never before seen a . In addressing the Council for the first time as its president, Mrs. Mrs. Roundtree of Las Cruces, New Mexicao, told of the experi­ Cosgriff expressed the hope that she might, with the cooperation of her ences of "The Lay Teacher in Vacation chools." She told of the work fellow officers, carryon the work so successfully initiated by her pre­ being done in Las Cruces, how it is divided first into the English decessors. She announced the vacation school ' and Mexican welfare speaking and Spanish speaking classes. In the English speaking as the major activities of the Council. The former project is under the classes it is divided into three parts: First, preparation for First direction of Rev. F. Gregory Smith. Holy Communioni second, the study of the Mass, the sacraments and The Rev. Thomas Wolohan, spiritual director of Pueblo deanery, the singing of the Mass; and third, the High School class which has to and Rev. Louis J. Grohman, of St. Rose of Lima's parish, urged organi­ have, of course, a varied program. She also told how hungry the chil­ zation in small communities declaring that every altar and rosary dren were for this work, that there was no difficulty in getting the chil­ society in rural districts should affiliate with the Diocesan Council. dren to come. For the lay teacher, teaching experience is a great help. Reports were presented by Mrs. George McDevitt, financial secre­ The method used in Las Cruces is both story telling and by using text tary; Mrs. Thomas Kerrigan, treasurer; Mrs. Thomas Garrison, presi­ book and study course, the latter proving more satisfactory. They dent of the Denver deanery; Mrs. George Shearer, president of the have a definite program arranged for next year and plan to have a larger Pueblo deanery, who reported on the benefit shop from which funds school than before. They also carryon the work all through the school are obtained for the welfare program of the deanery; and chairmen of year, and while the classes are not as large as in the summer, they are standing committees. very happy with the results. Mrs. M. J. Dunlea, chairman of the Mexican Welfare Work, sug­ Mother Dulce N ombre told of the house to house campaign in Holy gested that a survey of the conditions among Mexicans in outlying dis­ Family Parish of El Paso to get the children to come to religious vaca­ tricts of Pueblo be made. Under the direction of the Diocesan Council tion school. The result was that there were 120 children attending very splendid work has been carried on among Mexicans employed in this school. In the process of interrogating the children, it was found coal camps and beet fields sUl'rounding Fort Collins by Miss Loyola that one boy had not been baptized, and upon investigation of his family, Fernandez, a social worker. there were discovered others in it who had not been baptized. After A total of 39 study clubs was reported by Mrs. Georgie Zeiger, the school was completed the nuns worked with this family in the even­ chairman. ings, the eldest of the children was 27 and the youngest 7, and when Mrs. G. A. Graveline, diocesan chairman of parent-teacher activi­ the work was completed four of them had been baptized. ties, reported a very interesting meeting, held January 26, for the pur­ Mrs. Kelly gave a resume of a recent article in the N. C. W. C. pose of establishing contact between the Diocesan Council and the vari­ REVIE W on "Teaching of Religion by Correspondence." The reason ous Catholic school parent-teacher associations. Rev. John J. Don­ for this work is that it is the only way of reaching many rural homes nelly and Rev. Joseph P. O'Heron endorsed the work of the P. T. A. and it is an excellent "follow-up" system for the religious vacation in their respective parishes and pointed to the practical assistance given schools. to the schools in several departments. Rev. Gerald Walsh, S.J., gave Mrs. T. W. Keating gave a very illuminating address on the "Mean­ an illuminating address on legislation. Mrs. Graveline stated that ing of a Diocesan Council." She explained the organization of the Na­ those present were enthusiastic about the meeting and were in favor of tional Catholic Welfare Conference and the relationship of the National similar gatherings in the futUl'e. Council of Catholic Women to it. She urged close cooperation with The report of the charitable work of the Junior Catholic Daughters the national organization. 30 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 Mobile and Natchez Dioceses Being Organized 1931 Convention of N. C. C. W. to be Held in in N. C. C. W. by Dr. Nicholson Washington, D. C., October 4-7

FOLLOWING THE successful organization meetings in the Dioceses THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE of the National Board met in of Charleston and St. Augustine, Dr. Nicholson, on her way to Washington January 26-27. There were present, in addition to Natchez, stopped over at Mobile for a conference with Bishop To len. Mi s Hawks, Ml' . Wallace C. Denham, Mrs. Henry Keyser, Miss Anne It was certainly a source of great encouragement and joy to learn that Sarachon Rooley, and Mrs. George V. McIntyre. Much business of Bishop Toolen approved so thoroughly of the work of the Council that interest to the Council as a whole was transacted. even though Dr. Nicholson's time was limited he suggested that the Of particular interest, however, is the fact that the time and place work of organization be initiated immediately, Dr. Nicholson to return of the eleventh annual convention were decided upon. The convention later for further assistance. will be held in Washington in accordance with the usual custom of the Two meetings were held in Birmingham on February 4 and 8. Council. It had been suggested that the Council meet in another city Other meetings were held as follows: February 10, in lVlontgomery; in 1931 and in Washington in 1932, because of the celebration of the February 12, in Mobile; February 15, in Pensacola. The organization Bicentennial of the birth of George Washington. However, since the meeting will be reported in the April issue. Commission having charge of the bicentennial celebration emphasizes Immediately following this meeting, Dr. Nicholson will proceed to a nation-wide, rather than a centralized spectacular celebration in the the Diocese of Natchez. Arrangements have already been made for 'n' )nal capital, it was decided to make no change. meetings, beginning FebruaFY 26 and through March 15, in Biloxi, Bay The dates of the conventio"n are set from October 4-7, with the pre­ St. Louis, Natchez, Jackson, Hattiesburg, Meridian, Columbus, Green­ liminary meeting of the presidents of diocesan councils and national ville, Vicksburg, and an organization meeting in Jackson. organizations scheduled for Saturday, October 3. This program seems rather overwhelming for one woman to carry The formation of six new councils along the Atlantic seaboard, in out, but our intrepid Dr. Nicholson does not seem to be discouraged addition to the growing interest throughout the country, gives promise either by lack of time or length of distance. She goes right on in spite of a very great increase in attendance at this convention. It is our of difficulties. The launching of the N. C. C. W. in four diocese!! since hope that there will not only be individual representation, but large January 1, is certainly a record. delegations from many affiliated organizations.

need and value of a national organization representative of all organi­ NOTES ON CURRENT LEGISLATION zations of Catholic women. Of Interest to N. C. C. W. Members This particular work, however, constitutes a very small part of the program of a national organization such as the N. C. C. W. In the face of such an emergency, other work must be set aside for the time being. A TTENTION IS CALLED in a special way to the special article Undoubtedly, were there no National Council of Catholic Women there on the birth control hearing which appears in this issue of the would have been no organized opposition on the part of women at the N. C. W. C. REVIEW (See page 12). We would suggest that this hearing described in the article mentioned, Because the National article and previously published statements on legislative matters be Council of Catholic Women has its headquarters h~re in the national read and carefully studied by individual members and discussed in capital it is its responsibility to keep affiliated organizations in touch organization meetings. with these movements. But what is more important is that all of our That interest has been stimulated in certain phases of legislation is local groups recognize the importance of study of legislation on their evident because of the respons~ to the suggestion that the pamphlet on part. Intelligent action is dependent on an understanding of the Equal Rights issued by the Social Action Department be secmed and measures proposed and of the fundamental principles underlying them. used as a basis for study. The pamphlet includes the resolution as pre­ Our members must not only be alert as to federal legislation but even sented to Congress and an address given by Rev. John A. Ryan, D.D., more alert with regard to legislation proposed in their own states. on the Equal Rights Amendment in relation to the problems of women Sterilization bills are being proposed in Pennsylvania, Ohio, California, in industry and the protest presented by the National Council of Cath­ and Vermont. No greater opportunity offers for educating the legisla­ olic Women at the hearings in 1924 and 1929. ttesponse to this sug­ tors in the various states than to provide for the sending to individual gestion has been most encouraging. Over 1,200 copies of the pamphlet members of the legislatures copies of the literature setting forth the have been purchased to date. Many orders were for single copies, Catholic position with regard to eugenic legislation. while other groups ordered in quantity. The Proctor Club of Indian­ California has gone even farther in that it is proposing a measure apolis secured 250 copies for distribution among its members. which authorizes married couples to apply to hospitals for treatment It is much to be regretted that time did not permit the preparation which will prevent the birth of children in case they feel that their and distribution of material explaining the House Resolution 12995, offspring may be mentally or physically unfit, or they do not feel able known as the Jones-Cooper Bill. This measure was introduced very to meet the economic need incident to the rearing of a family. unexpectedly, and it included, in addition to the Maternity Act, pro­ It would seem hardly possible that such a measure could be presented vision for a federal board of three to administer the act. in any legislative body in the United States, but this means just the The same difficulty arose with regard to the Birth Control measure, beginning of similar attempts in other states. The battle between and yet we are happy to report that immediat~ly on receipt of the news pagan theories and Christian principles of morality is on. How well of the hearing, the National Council of Catholic Women, cooperating organized the effort on the part of opposing forces is, will determine with other departments of the National Catholic Welfare Conference, the result. sent out between Saturday, February 7, and :Monday, February 9, The National Catholic Welfare Conference has called on the Catholic thr,ee thousand letters, including a printed release explaining the Gillett men and women of the United States to consolidate their forces in Bill with the proposed amendments to the Tariff Act and the Penal the two Councils which make up the Department of Lay Organiza­ Code. tions. There still would seem to be a very great lack of knowledge as We wish to express appreciation for contributions received from eight to the program of the National Catholic Welfare Conference and still members who sent personal checks to help defray expenses incident to greater lack of understanding of Catholic responsibility in safeguarding sending out this release. Situations such as these bear evidence of the the nation. "To flout God means the destruction of any nation."

------~------March, 1931 N. C. W. C. REVIEW 31 Miss Regan's Address on Unemployment Relief N. C. C. W. Permanent National Committees (Continued form page ~6) (Continued from page ~4) of hospital care. One in the Southwest records the placement during COMMITTEE FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF STUDY CLUBS the past year of 727 women and 9 men. Another organization in the Chairman, Mrs. Harry A. LaBerge, Diocese of Seattle; Consultant, Far Northwest reports the placement of 555 women. Miss Margaret T. Lynch. "The representative of another organization became the volunteer Diocesan Members: Mrs. John Connolly, r., Diocese of Des Moines; investigator and liaison officer in working out plans for cooperation on Mrs. Joseph A. Murphy, Archdiocese of Portland; Mrs. Josephine Cor­ the part of Catholic institutions in supplying work for men who were coran, Diocese of Duluth; Miss Dorothy Lynch, Diocese of Salt Lake; to be paid by local agencies. Mrs. L. H. Abell, Diocese of Galveston; Mrs. Georgie Zeiger, Diocese "Many groups report definite cooperation with the Red Cross and of Denver; Miss Christine Seitz, Diocese of Leavenworth; Miss Mary other local relief agencies in their work. Of particular interest is the P. O'Flaherty, Diocese of Hartford; Mrs. J. L. Murphy, Diocese of tremendous number of women reported by certain groups who volun­ Helena; Mrs. P. J. McBride, Archdiocese of Milwaukee; Miss Eva J. teered t~eir service to do the hard labor entailed in the preparation Sullivan, Diocese of Kansas City; Mrs. Regina Byrne, Diocese of Pitts­ and distribution of food to the needy. In one center 65 such volun­ burgh; Mrs. Francis Grogan, Diocese of Green Bay; Mrs. Hugo Briesh, teers have carried this work on steadily for the past month. Diocese of EI Paso; Miss Anna Dill Gamble, Diocese of Harrisburg; ((One organization reports 15 workers who are doing clerical service Miss Mary Gore, Archdiocese of Cincinnati; Mrs. J. T. Urquhart in the free employment bureaus, and relief agencies. Great numbers Diocese of Seattle; Miss Helen Ginther; Diocese of. Cleveland; Miss have volunteered services in the use of cars for the collection and dis­ Emma Kane, Archdiocese of San Francisco. tribution of foodstuffs and clothing. This in order to safe-guard the -----~I----- self-respect of families who have never before asked aid. "Members of religious communities in the Catholic schools and Cleveland's Immigration Program hospitals have lent their aid through the collection and repair of cloth­ (Continued from page ~5) ing, and in the hospitals through the free care of the sick and the dis­ tribution of food. One hospital reports an average of 1080 persons a votion of the various deanery chairmen to the cause of immigrant aid day supplied with meals. Of course, this could be multiplied many gives promise of continued improvement in results. In one deanery times. only-Akron-is this work carried on by other than volunteer workers. Here it is covered by trained workers of the Catholic Service League. "In each of the more than 200 Catholic boarding homes for girls, One of the interesting developments showing the value of regular provision has been made for caring for girls who are temporarily out instruction and discussion on the part not only of the advisory board of employment and for providing shelter for transients who have not but of the workers themselves is the improvement in the records we been able to meet the cost of room and board in former residences. have received. Some are still inadequate, but there is a growing under­ "Fraternal organizations report a valuable service in the keeping standing of the value of a more complete record. up of payments on insurance in cases of unemployment where insurance would otherwise have lapsed. A number of these organizations report ------~------also the payment of rent for families who would otherwise have been Miss Hawks to Attend Meeting in , June 2 homeless. Notice has been received from Madame .Steenbergh-Engeringhe, "A plea came from the Assistant Director of the Pan-American president of the International Union of Catholic Women's Leagues Union, Mr. Gil Borges, for aid in raising the morale of the large number that the next reunion of the Bureau, which is the governing. of Latin-Americans who are affected in an unusual way by the present body of the organization, will be held at Warsaw about June 2, 1931, depression. It brought a response from a number of groups of women Miss Hawks, president of the National Council of Catholic Women, is who are working particularly with the Mexicans in the West and South­ a member of the Bureau and will attend the meeting. west, stating that in addition to providing for their material needs, they The International Union of Catholic Women's Leagues, through its are making every effort to keep up the morale of these groups who feel representative, Miss Lavielle, will shortly present to a special commis­ themselves strangers in a strange land. sion of the League of Nations a report on the. participation of Catholic "As one reads these records, one realizes that many of those who are women's organizations in meeting special problems concerning women doing this splendid work are themselves persons who have never en­ and children. N. C. C. W. Headquarters has forwarded a report cover­ joyed large salaries, and who may at present be working under reduced ing the following questions: General Activity of the N. C. C. W.; the incomes. They are indeed in truth their brother's keeper. struggle against immorality and the protection of women and children; "There is no question but that in the present emergency the slogan action taken in connection with suppression of obscene literature; em­ 'Give Till It Hurts,' is effective throughout the length and breadth of ployment of police women in the United States; and a study of the the land. The tragedy of it all is that, with this great giving, there methods of training and the results of their work. are still so many who suffer need. "We take this opportunity of thanking the organizations who have Seek Relatives of WUllam Collins responded to the appeal through the National Council of Catholic W. C. Cox & Company, International Probate Service, Federal Reserve Women, but we know that response is due, not to the appeal from any Bank Building, Chicago, U. S. A., has written to the N. C. W. C. RE­ human agency, but because in the person of the hungry, the thirsty, VIEW asking its aid in a search for relatives of one William Collins as and the naked, appears Christ, Who said: 'Inasmuch as ye do it unto heirs to his estate. the least of these, ye do it unto Me'." According to statements made by him in his lifetime, he was born in Maryland about 185~. A residue of several thousand dollars remains in his estate subject to claim by his next of kin. Evidently he went West a George Washington Bicentennial long time ago and lost all contact with his relatives. Affiliated organizations and individual women who subscribe to the Mr. Collins was a Catholic and it may be that some of our readers N. C. W. C. REVIEW will shortly receive some very interesting litera­ can give information concerning him or his relatives. Any such informa­ ture sent out by the United States Commission for the Celebration of tion should be sent either to this office or directly to the company at the the Two Hundredth Anniyersary of the Birth of George Washington. address given above. .

-----~----- 32 N. C. W. C. REVIEW March, 1931 N. C. W. C. PUBLICATION LIST All Pamphlets, Single Copies, IOc.

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