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Notes on Crepidium (Orchidaceae): Two New Combinations, a Putative Natural Hybrid, and Four Species Newly Recorded for Thailand

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Notes on Crepidium (Orchidaceae): Two New Combinations, a Putative Natural Hybrid, and Four Species Newly Recorded for Thailand THAI FOREST BULL., BOT. 44(1): 35–44. 2016. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2016.44.1.08 Notes on Crepidium (Orchidaceae): two new combinations, a putative natural hybrid, and four species newly recorded for Thailand ANCHALEE NUAMMEE1, TOSAK SEELANAN1,*, SOMRAN SUDDEE2 & HENRIK Æ. PEDERSEN3,* ABSTRACT In this paper we report various findings from our ongoing studies of Crepidium (Orchidaceae), mainly conducted in preparation of the Flora of Thailand account on the genus: (1) the new combinations C. chamaeorchis (Schltr.) Nuammee, Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen and C. szemaoense (Tang & F.T.Wang) Nuammee, Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen are made and substantiated; (2) a putative natural hybrid between C. acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach. and C. polyodon (Hook.f.) Szlach. is discussed and highlighted as being the firstconvincing case of natural hybridization reported for Crepidium; (3) C. bahanense (Hand.-Mazz.) S.C. Chen & J.J. Wood, C. josephianum (Rchb.f.) Marg., C. maximowiczianum (King & Pantl.) Szlach. and C. micranthum (Hook.f.) Szlach. are reported as new national records for Thailand; (4) the name C. josephianum (Rchb.f.) Marg. is lectotypified. All taxa treated in this paper are documented by photos of live plants from their natural habitat in Thailand, and for each newly recorded species we provide a morphological description based on Thai material. KEYWORDS: Crepidium acuminatum × polyodon, Crepidium bahanense, Crepidium chamaeorchis, Crepidium josephianum, Crepidium maximowiczianum, Crepidium micranthum, Crepidium szemaoense. Published online: 28 September 2016 INTRODUCTION inventories have revealed the occurrence in Thailand of four species not previously recorded for this Seidenfaden (1978) recognized 22 species of country, as well as a putative natural hybrid. Malaxis Sol. ex Sw. (Orchidaceae) as occurring in Thailand. Largely adopting the revised generic This paper is mainly based on examination of classification of the Malaxideae proposed by herbarium specimens (collections from Thailand as Szlachetko (1995), he later assigned the same pool well as type specimens deposited in foreign herbaria) of species to Crepidium Blume (19 species), Dienia combined with consultation of the literature and of Lindl. (1), Glossochilopsis Szlach. (1) and Oberonioides digital images of type specimens accessed online. Szlach. (1) (Seidenfaden, 1997). These genera are all Based entirely on Thai material, we have prepared accepted in Genera Orchidacearum (Pridgeon et al., a comprehensive morphological description of each 2005) – except Glossochilopsis which is considered of the four newly recorded species; and all taxa congeneric with the earlier described Crepidium. treated in this paper are documented by photos of In Flora of Thailand, Crepidium is going to be live plants from their natural habitat in Thailand. All delimited according to Pridgeon et al. (2005), and in examined material is cited explicitly in the individual connection with our ongoing revision of this genus accounts below. for the Flora, we have realized that two new combina- tions need to be published. Furthermore, recent field 1 Plants of Thailand Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. 2 The Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. 3 Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2C, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. * Corresponding authors: Tosak Seelanan ([email protected]), Henrik Æ. Pedersen ([email protected]) © 2016 The Forest Herbarium 36 THAI FOREST BULLETIN (BOTANY) VOL. 44 NO. 1 NEW COMBINATIONS and of the descriptions in Smith (1928), Tang & Wang (1951) and Chen & Wood (2009), we are convinced that we are dealing with two distinct species that Crepidium chamaeorchis (Schltr.) Nuammee, mainly differ in vegetative characters. Thus,Microstylis Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen, comb. nov.— Microstylis chamaeorchis Schltr., Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. ovalisepala is characterized by a creeping rhizome Syst. 104: 11. 1911.— Malaxis chamaeorchis (Schltr.) and an elongated ascending stem bearing ca 10 foliage Seidenf., Bot. Tidsskr. 65: 316. 1970.— Glossochilopsis leaves, whereas Malaxis szemaoensis has a short chamaeorchis (Schltr.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. pseudobulbous stem bearing 2–4 leaves. These differ- Geobot., Suppl. 3: 123. 1995. Type: Indonesia, West ences mean that Microstylis ovalisepala probably Sumatra, Gunung Marapi, 24 Jan. 1907, Schlechter shows the same annual stem/rhizome dynamics as described for Crepidium micranthum below (under 15942 (holotype B, probably destroyed; isotypes “Ecology”), whereas Malaxis szemaoensis matches AMES, C!, K!, L!, NSW, P). Fig. 1A–B. the majority of Crepidium species in producing a new Note.— Glossochilopsis chamaeorchis (Schltr.) replacement pseudobulb annually through sympodial Szlach. (basionym: Microstylis chamaeorchis growth (cf. the descriptions of C. bahanense, C. Schltr.) is the type species of Glossochilopsis Szlach. josephianum and C. maximowiczianum below). Against However, the only feature that consistently separates this background, we here provide the new combination G. chamaeorchis (and Seidenfia Szlach.) from all Crepidium szemaoense. species of Crepidium Blume s.s. is the lip not being provided with auricles (Fig. 1); and it remains to be From Thailand we have studied the two collec- demonstrated that G. chamaeorchis and Seidenfia are tions that Seidenfaden (1978) assigned to Malaxis not nested in Crepidium s.s. Against this background, ovalisepala as well as more recently collected material we have decided to follow Pridgeon et al. (2005) in belonging to the complex [NORTHERN: Chiang Mai treating Glossochilopsis and Seidenfia as synonyms province, Doi Chiang Dao, June 1958, Seidenfaden & of Crepidium, and we here provide the necessary Smitinand GT 2643 (C!); 15 July 1958, Smitinand combination under Crepidium. An account on the 4693 (BKF!, C!), 20 June 2014, Nuammee 404 occurrence of this species in Thailand can be found (BCU!, BKF!), Nuammee 408 (BCU!, BKF!); Nan in Seidenfaden (1978: 48–49). province, Tham Sakoen National Park, 28 July 2011, La-ongsri et al. 1878 (QBG!)]. All the Thai material clearly matches Crepidium szemaoensis (Fig. Crepidium szemaoense (Tang & F.T.Wang) Nuammee, 1C–D). Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen, comb. nov.— Malaxis szemaoensis Tang & F.T.Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 75. 1951. Type: China, Yunnan, Szemao, PUTATIVE NATURAL HYBRID “NW Mts”, ca 1525 m, 1901, Henry 13128 (holotype K!). Fig. 1C–D. Crepidium acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach. × polyodon (Hook.f.) Szlach. Notes.— In Flora of China, Chen & Wood (2009) placed Malaxis szemaoensis in the synonymy Crepidium acuminatum (Szlachetko, 1995), of Crepidium ovalisepalum (J.J.Sm.) Szlach. – a based on Malaxis acuminata D.Don, and C. polyodon species originally described as Microstylis ovalisepala (Szlachetko, 1995), based on Microstylis polyodon J.J.Sm. from Sumatra (Smith 1928). Only the type Hook.f., differ in a number of floral characters. Thus, collection of the latter is known from Sumatra [West C. acuminatum has larger flowers, fewer teeth in the Sumatra, Gunung Kuriman, 1000 m, 24 June 1918, distal part of the lip and narrower and differently Bünnemeijer 3315 (holotype L!)]; but when publishing shaped lip auricles – see Table 1 and Figure 2 (A, C). the new combination Malaxis ovalisepala (J.J.Sm.) They both flower in the rainy season, but their pollina- Seidenf., Seidenfaden (1978) also referred two col- tion biology is unknown. lections from N Thailand, Chiang Mai province, Doi In a mixed colony of the two species at Huai Chiang Dao to this species. Yang Waterfall National Park in Prachuap Khiri Based on comparison of the type specimens Khan province (SW Thailand), the first author came of Microstylis ovalisepala and Malaxis szemaoensis, across a plant (voucher: 8 May 2015, Nuammee 439 NOTES ON CREPIDIUM (ORCHIDACEAE): TWO NEW COMBINATIONS, A PUTATIVE NATURAL HYBRID, AND FOUR SPECIES NEWLY RECORDED FOR THAILAND (A. NUAMMEE, T. SEELANAN, S. SUDDEE & H.Æ. PEDERSEN) 37 Figure 1. A–B: Crepidium chamaeorchis (Schltr.) Nuammee, Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Khao Yai, 11 July 2015 (A: flower in front view, B: flower in side view); C–D: Crepidium szemaoense (Tang & F.T.Wang) Nuammee, Seelanan, Suddee & H.A.Pedersen (C: habit, D: flowers). Photos: A. Nuammee. BCU) that appeared largely intermediary (Table 1; to test our hypothesis (cf. Rieseberg & Carney, Fig. 2B). Thus, it had intermediate auricle shape and 1998). an intermediate number of teeth in the distal part of Although we cannot definitely confirm the the lip, whereas flower diameter and auricle width hybrid nature of Nuammee 439, we consider it relevant were within the lower part of the range recorded for to draw attention to this putative case of natural C. acuminatum. Referring to the general trend of hybridization in Crepidium in Thailand. Firstly, we orchid hybrids to be morphologically intermediary believe that there are no previous reports of natural between their parental taxa (e.g. Nilsson, 1985; interspecific hybrids inCrepidium from Thailand or Aagaard et al., 2005; Hedrén et al., 2012), we hy- elsewhere. Secondly, there is a surprising lack of pothesize that the plant vouchered as Nuammee 439 records of plant hybrids from Thailand in general, for is a natural hybrid between C. acuminatum and C. which reason a more systematic search was recently polyodon. At the same
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