‘We need more awareness of the10 January 2020 | £2.00 Friend trauma in Quaker n a r r a t i v e s .’ ‘Radical dietician’ Lucy Aphramor 10 Jan 6/1/20 16:29 Page 4

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News 4 Veganuary, bookings policies, and more Rebecca Hardy

Letters 6

Conversation piece 8 Getting people talking Daniel Clarke Flynn

Thought for the week 9 Truth ache John Lampen

Fat, fitness and faith 10 Lucy Aphramor interviewed Rebecca Hardy

A tough year in Lebanon 13 Quaker International Educational Trust David Gray

Colour coordinated 14 Greening our Meetings Zee-Zee Heine

A power of good 15 Zero-carbon Britain Anthony Woolhouse

Review 16 The Education of an Idealist Reg Naulty

Friends & Meetings 17

All our senses are given to us to enjoy, and to praise God. The smell of the sea, of the blossom borne on the wind, of the soft flesh of a little baby; the taste of a ripe plum or bread fresh from the oven, the feel of warm cat’s fur, or the body of a lover – these are all forms of thanksgiving prayer. I am sure that it is as wrong to fail to delight in our bodies as it is to misuse them through excess. Not to be a glutton does not mean that we may not delight in good food: not to be ruled by lust does not mean that we must not enjoy the exquisite pleasures of sex: not to be slothful does not mean that we must never lie in the sun, not doing, just being.

Bella Bown, c.1980

Quaker faith & practice 21.24 take part this month, it will on 15 and 17 January will News save 160 tonnes of PO43- also focus on ‘planning eq (eutrophication) from for an uncertain future [email protected] waterways. The organisers in the current political claim that this would climate’ and ‘working with have ‘the same impact as our local communities’. preventing 650 tonnes of She said: ‘We are pleased sewage from entering our that Paul Parker, Britain waterways, and 2.5 million Yearly Meeting’s [BYM’s] litres of water – enough recording clerk, will be water to fill an Olympic- with us as a keynote sized swimming pool’. speaker, and Jocelyn Bell The new statistics Burnell will be helping us compiled by the “scan the horizon” for the environmental researcher f utu re .’ Joseph Poore have been The topic of ‘dealing used to push a campaign with difficult bookings’ which has already will seem particularly Photo: Anna Pelzer / Unsplash. Anna Pelzer Photo: been endorsed by Paul timely after several ‘Veganuary’ could save suffering of billions of McCartney, Joaquin controversies over carbon equivalent of animals; consumes vast Phoenix, Chris Packham bookings last year. 450,000 flights amounts of land, water, and and Evanna Lynch. These included an Members of Quaker energy; and is responsible Toni Vernelli, impasse between Central Concern for Animals for equally large amounts Veganuary’s head of Manchester Meeting (QCA) are urging others of waste, pollution and communications, said: and Young Friends in to join ‘Veganuary 2020’, greenhouse gas emissions. ‘Veganuary 2020 is shaping Manchester over a group which campaigners claim Initiatives like this are a up to be the biggest year using the Meeting house will save the carbon sign that both individually yet with one person signing accused of transphobia. equivalent of 450,000 and collectively we can up every fifteen seconds!’ There was also a dispute flights and more than one all make positive food The organisation ended when Brighton Meeting million animals. choices that promote 2019 with controversy cancelled a talk by Martin Layton, from justice, benefit humans and after transport giant Arriva former Labour MP Chris QCA, told the Friend that nonhuman welfare, and decided to remove ads by Williamson amid threats QCA was ‘encouraged’ lessen our impact on the the charity on its buses in of violence. Penny Cloutte, by the number of Friends environment.’ Shropshire after members from Brighton Meeting, taking on the Veganuary According to figures of the public complained. told the Friend at the challenge. ‘It seems that released by the global However, Toni Vernelli time: ‘We found that we more and more of us organisation Veganuary, said the decision was had landed in the midst are waking up to the which encourages people to ‘outrageous’ and claimed of a bitter fight between impact of industrial try going vegan in January they had been ‘censored the left and right of the animal agriculture, which and beyond, if the expected when the messages are Labour Party and the is responsible for the 350,000 people worldwide indisputable facts’. She said: differing, highly charged ‘Nearly every day scientists perspectives on the conflict issue new warnings about in the Middle East.’ WORDS animal agriculture’s heavy Friends House in environmental toll and London was also criticised urge us to eat less meat.’ in May for hosting an ‘Let’s resolve to event which featured Quaker centres discuss Conservative MP Jacob reconnect. Pick one ‘controversial bookings’ Rees-Mogg, the ticket for ‘Dealing with controversial which included a copy of person. Pick up the bookings’ is to be one his book The Victorians: of the main topics at the Twelve Titans who Forged phone… Let’s begin annual gathering of Quaker Britain. Paul Parker, BYM centre delegates, held recording clerk, said at the next week at Edinburgh time that BYM trustees cementing our unity one Meeting house. According were ‘already planning to to Sue Proudlove, from review the lettings policy’. brick at a time.’ Edinburgh Meeting, the The event includes Justin Welby’s New Year Message. Quaker Centres Gathering staff, trustees and board

4 the Friend 10 January 2019 members from centres a post-election vigil and NUMBERS ranging from Friends meal following the charged House, Woodbrooke result. and Swarthmoor Hall to medium-sized Meeting Headteacher removes houses. ‘Lord’ in nativity hymn There was controversy last 350,000 BYM challenges month when a headteacher The number of people expected to take part in ‘Veganuary.’ government on ‘key chose to remove the word priorities’ ‘Lord’ from the lyrics of the of Christian Concern, CND highlights fifty- hymn ‘Away in a Manger’ A just transition to a net- echoed this view saying: seven per cent who zero carbon economy in a nativity service for ‘Removing the Lordship of primary school children. don’t embrace nuclear and creating a culture Christ at Christmas guts weapons of welcome are just two The decision by the Christian message of headteacher Zakia Khatun The Campaign for of the key priorities that its truth around which Nuclear Disarmament Britain Yearly Meeting of Whitehall Primary the whole of western School in Chingford, (CND) has said that the (BYM) has challenged the civilisation once based its general election result government to committing London, sparked uproar c u ltu re .’ among some Christian shouldn’t necessarily be to, in the wake of the However, the Diocese interpreted as reflecting general election result. parents who claimed that of Chelmsford said: ‘The changing ‘little Lord Jesus’ ‘a growing enthusiasm’ The other priorities service maintains the for nuclear weapons. The include: promoting peace to ‘baby boy Jesus’ was traditional Christian taking the divinity out of organisation pointed to a and transforming justice message of the joy of poll commissioned by The – particularly focusing the nativity story. Christmas in a way that At a meeting with Times during the election on the Conservative can be celebrated by period which showed that Party’s manifesto pledges parents, Zakia Khatun everyone, including those defended her decision, only a minority of people around prevention and of other faiths and none.’ said the prime minister rehabilitation, rather saying that the hymn was amended to be inclusive so should be willing to than those around longer QSA reaches target authorise the use of nuclear sentencing. all children in the school Quaker Social Action could participate. Last weapons – with fifty- Justin Welby, the (QSA) was celebrating last seven per cent saying they year, according to the head Archbishop of Canterbury, month when it reached shouldn’t or didn’t know. teacher, sixty children did also responded to the its £10,000 target for It also highlighted the fact not attend the carol service result in his New Year the Big Give Christmas that Liberal Democrat and nativity at St Peter Message urging people Challenge. The money leader Jo Swinson was and St Paul Church in to reconnect with will go to its Down to ‘heavily criticised for her Chingford because of their aquaintances who may Earth programme, which glib “yes” response to religious beliefs. hold different opinions to provides practical support whether she would press However, some parents them. for people struggling with the nuclear button’ and she denounced the decision, He said: ‘Let’s go funeral costs. ‘went on to lose her seat to for a heroic new year’s arguing that it was akin According to QSA: a candidate from the anti- resolution. Let’s resolve to to removing ‘Christ from ‘Funeral poverty is a Trident Scottish National reconnect. To reach out to Christmas’. One mother major problem in the UK: P a r t y ’. just one person we don’t said: ‘I believe my children according to 2019 research However, the know, or from whom we have been discriminated by Royal London, twelve organisation also have drifted apart. Pick against and they have been per cent of people in the acknowledged that ‘the one person. Pick up the denied the freedom to fully UK faced with a funeral Conservative majority in phone. Send them a text. express their faith.’ struggle to pay for it, and Westminster will leave Meet them for a cup of tea. Bishop Michael Nazir- people in this group take many feeling pessimistic’ Make that connection. Let’s Ali called for the original on an average debt of and urged pacifists to come begin cementing our unity form of the carol and the £1,990.’ together to ‘give voice one brick at a time.’ intention with which it was The organisation said it to the growing millions Across the UK, Quaker written to be respected: does receive ‘important’ who oppose nuclear Meetings considered ‘The words the “the Lord grant funding from weapons’. It added: ‘We how they could best Jesus” occur three times several charitable trusts, must strengthen our links respond to the outcome in the carol and point to but estimates that ‘over and solidarity with other of the general election the central message of the year we need to raise campaigning organisations and the divisions caused Christmas which is: God is an additional £500 per and movements who strive by Brexit. In Yorkshire, with us in Jesus.’ working day to cover to build a better, just, more Huddersfield Friends held Andrea Williams, running costs’. peaceful world.’

the Friend 10 January 2019 5 Ben has also been involved,

theFriend Letters since 2017, with the Learning 173 Euston Road Together initiative, and was London, NW1 2BJ present at Fishmongers’ Hall. 020 7663 1010 Those affected, including Jack www.thefriend.org and Saskia, were his friends and The Friend welcomes your views, colleagues. The tragedy will to [email protected]. Please Subscriptions inevitably have ramifications keep letters short. We particularly UK £92 per year by all payment for this work. But it has already welcome contributions from types including annual direct been shaped by his involvement children, written or illustrated. debit; monthly payment by with Learning Together, and direct debit £7.75; online only Please include your full postal by friendships he has formed £74 per year. Contact Penny address, even when sending through it. Saskia and Jack’s Dunn: 020 7663 1178 emails, along with your Meeting memory lives on through such [email protected] name or other Quaker affiliation. relationships. For more information please see In essentials unity, Advertising Ben’s blog https://changinginside. in non-essentials liberty, Contact George Penaluna: co.uk and his page on the Prisons in all things charity. 01535 630230 Research Centre website www.prc. [email protected] crim.cam.ac.uk/directory/jarman. The work continues Ann Pfeiffer Editorial I would like to reassure Howard Grants programme officer, Britain Yearly Meeting Articles, images, correspondence Grace (20 & 27 December 2019) should be emailed to that the work of Saskia Jones Finding Friends [email protected] and Jack Merritt (both killed at or sent to the address above. The letter from Michael Wright Fishmongers’ Hall in London (20 & 27 December 2019) on 29 November) is indeed resonated with me. When I was Editor continuing – with direct input Joseph Jones seeking a spiritual home in 2002, from Quakers. I came across a copy of Quaker Journalist Britain Yearly Meeting part- Faith & practice in my local Rebecca Hardy funds research by Ben Jarman, library in Barnet, Hertfordshire. Production and office manager a Friend from Westminster Much to the astonishment of Elinor Smallman Meeting and a PhD student Friends I subsequently met, I read Sub-editor at the Cambridge Institute of it from cover to cover! It made so George Osgerby Criminology, focusing on men much sense to me. Arts correspondent serving life sentences for murder. A short time later, I read an Rowena Loverance The severity of these sentences – article in our local newspaper measured by the ‘minimum term’ about the new five pound note, Environment correspondent of imprisonment before release Laurie Michaelis featuring Elizabeth Fry, written by can even be considered – has a Friend at New Barnet Meeting. Clerk of trustees almost doubled since 2003. Paul Jeorrett This was the nudge I needed and Ben’s research explores what I started attending the following rehabilitation might mean in the ISSN: 0016-1268 week. I became a member a few context of a life altered by two or years later. I doubt whether I three decades of imprisonment. would have found Friends, if it The Friend Publications Limited Most ‘lifers’ are eventually is a registered charity, hadn’t been for the library book. released, and few reoffend, so Teresa Holland number 211649 the research aims to discover Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire how lifers change inside (in both Area Meeting Printed by senses): how they think about Warners their lives before and since their Rock and roll Midlands Plc, conviction; and the kinds of Quakers are not known for The Maltings, ethical and personal progress they humility – but even so, the Manor Lane, make in prison (or don’t). This headline ‘Quaker activism rocks Bourne, understanding could be the basis the country’ (3 January 2020) Lincolnshire for designing different approaches is possibly the most hubristic PE10 9PH in the future. statement ever to have appeared

6 the Friend 10 January 2019 in the Friend. unconscious studied by Freud. charitable giving and welcoming As long as we operate mainly This is the junkyard where all the accommodation. We became within our little bubble, we will past problems of life get dumped; known by our unselfish work. of course think that we are far some of which cause problems in Many live by that tradition still. more important than we are. later life if not attended to. So, assuming we still have a But if a contestant on Celebrity Then there is the deep rich pool of volunteers, should we Mastermind has never heard of unconscious which Jung aim to end paid employment and Greta Thunberg, what makes discovered. This contains the return to the ‘do it ourselves’ of us think that ‘the country’ has instincts, spiritual awareness and not so long ago? The changeover taken notice of Quakers? Nor is a great deal more. I suggest that can be painless and gradual ‘rocking the country’ necessarily it is psychology at this level that as contracts end and current an admirable goal; the country is Tony D’Souza (6 December 2019) is employees retire. unstable enough already. referring to. I hear: ‘You can’t put the clock ‘Rocking the boat’ – not ‘the For a gentle introduction back’ and ‘People today need jobs country’ – is done through patient, to Jung’s work I suggest his and money’. It is because of that painstaking work as shown by autobiography Memories, Dreams, and how we distribute current Friends up and down the Yearly Reflections. For getting an idea resources that I believe we need Meeting, often in cooperation with of what he had to go through to a fundamental rethink. Young other faith groups. We need to stop understand the deep unconscious people’s involvement would be thinking that we’re the be-all and you need to dip into his ‘red book’. energising. end-all. To begin exploring your own Tommy Gee Barbara Forbes deep unconscious the best book Diss Meeting, Norfolk Central England Area Meeting is probably PW Martin’s book Experiment in Depth. Change and challenge Cicely Saunders Barrie Rowson On the subject of climate change, Shortly after reading the article South Manchester Meeting, how can we feed the world about assisted dying (29 November Lancashire sustainably while protecting 2019) I read a light interview with nature? Exploring the challenges Maureen Lipman in a newspaper. Voluntary work that will define our future, The She was asked which people she Fundraising and fund-sourcing Royal Society is organising five would like to invite to dinner; one have become sensitive issues. events across the UK – all of which of the people she mentioned was Should those who do it for us are free to attend. The next one is Cicely Saunders. I expect most be Quakers? Has fundraising on 23 January in Gateshead. people know that Cicely Saunders become a profession? If so, does I suggest that Friends go to is generally known as the founder it have a code of ethics? Thinking these – no risk of being arrested of the modern hospice movement; further, should we have any paid by the police, compared with the she had a strong Christian faith. employees at all? ‘activism’ of Ian Bray (20 & 27 Cicely Saunders wrote books Originally, charities relied almost December 2019). and, of course, one can read about entirely on volunteers. That should Bernard R Bligh her on the internet. She herself still be possible. Better-off Friends Kingston Meeting, London died in a hospice in 2005. It would with a spare room might be willing be interesting to hear the views of to support younger volunteers with A value around freedom this good woman on assisted dying lodging so they could live closer I was interested to check the in 2020. to Friends House. They may need voting record of Tania Mathias (13 Colin Cann modest expenses, but do they need December 2019) during her period Ealing Meeting, London pay? They do need experience as an MP (https://tinyurl.com/ beyond school and university, and ExMpQuaker). Divine psychotherapy what better climate than working I am curious as to how the value What Neil Morgan (20 & 27 with and for us? We manage well of freedom supports her votes for December 2019) says about without bishops and priests. Do we Trident, for mass surveillance, Sigmund Freud, psychology and need paid employees? against the right for people to religion is quite correct. However, There are still many activities organise in a union, for cuts to there is much more to the subject. in subsistence economies, which welfare, against preventing climate One of Freud’s earliest students have little or no access to money change, for a stricter asylum was Carl Jung, who had to break and ‘expenses’. They rely on system. Freedom for whom? with his mentor when he realised enthusiastic volunteers. Freedom from what? that there were two levels to the The unselfish work of our Alan Fricker unconscious. There is the personal founders was unpaid, supported by Epping Meeting, Essex

the Friend 10 January 2019 7 I have been interviewing people for more than Conversation piece: fifty years. It is amazing what we can learn from others when we ask respectful open- ended questions and simply listen and record. Daniel Clarke Flynn gets At a Belgium and Luxembourg Yearly Meeting last summer, in Meeting for Worship for people talking Business someone asked if our newsletter could publish interviews of members, so we could get to know one another better. What a good idea, many thought. As editor, I posed five questions: ‘I see differently than • How would you describe yourself at this point in your Ilife? longer-time Quakers. And • When were you first attracted to Quakers and when did you become a member? what I see is a need to • What does being a member mean to you today? • Where do you find most inspiration today inside and outside the Quaker world? get to know one another • How do you put your faith into action today inside better.’ and outside the Quaker world? How would you respond to these questions? I invited the two longest-serving members to be the first interviewees. Just like that, members and attenders learned more about people they thought they already knew well. I then opened the invitation for all members and attenders. That immediately produced three more responses: one in French, one in English, and one in Dutch – languages used in ministry in our Meeting. The results were fascinating. At the end of the day, however, what is important for all involved – the interviewee, the community, and the interviewer – is that the process aids spiritual growth. Community is important to me. I have come to believe that we all crave certainty in life and acceptance in a community. We hate being shunned. Since my university days in the 1950s, I have been a student of sociology, the science of human behaviour in groups. I have also come to believe that getting to know one another and witnessing the divine in each other does build community. I am witnessing the reluctance of some, however, to become vulnerable by speaking about themselves. We build walls to avoid getting close – to avoid emotional hurt based on self-centered fear. As I have witnessed and learned in other aspects of life, satisfaction of the need for intimacy requires willingness to become vulnerable, to ‘take it on the chin’ from time to time. For me, it is only through practice of spiritual habits – connecting with Power Greater than myself, which brought me into existence eighty years ago and keeps me alive – that I can pursue getting close to others, starting with the woman I have called my partner for the past thirty years. I am in the fifth score of my life and a recent Quaker. I see differently than longer-time Quakers. And what I see is a need to get to know one another better. As Advices & queries suggests: ‘Our diversity invites us both to speak what we know to be true in our lives and to learn from others’. If you like the five questions, you are very welcome to use them. I would be keen to know what you learn. n

Photo: Bewakoof.com Official / Unsplash. Official Photo: Bewakoof.com Daniel is from Belgium and Luxembourg Yearly Meeting.

8 the Friend 10 January 2019 e have no current Thought for the week: Yearly Meeting programme focused on the Quaker testimony John Lampen has truth to Truth. Yet we live in an era of ‘post- ache truth’, ‘fake news’ and promises which won’t be kept. Advertising, either vacuous or misleading, stimulates the greed that ‘Now, if ever, is a time is destroying our home planet. Financial misreporting appears to be common. Social media provide platforms for Wrampant bigotry with vicious and hurtful personal attacks for us to witness to our on school children, people in various ethnic and gender groupings, and those in public and political life. ancient testimony.’ Now, if ever, is a time for us to witness to our ancient testimony. Jessica Metheringham wrote recently in the Friend (13 December 2019) that Friends are ‘not the kind of people who look at someone running for office on shameless misinformation and soul-deep falsehood and think, yes, that’s what we need.’ But now the voting is over, what can we do? It seems to me that we are not ready as a Yearly Meeting, or individually, to say. I know that I cannot. I believe our lack of a focused programme reflects a failure of discernment. So we need to consider together what our options are; and I think we should start at the personal level. John Woolman counselled us to weed out the seeds of war from our lives, but what about the seeds of deceit? A corporate Quaker ‘But now the programme is more likely to emerge if thousands voting is over, of British Friends are what can we do?’ consciously witnessing to Truth in their daily lives. Many probably do so, but how can we pool the resulting experience and insights? There is some helpful material already in the Quaker Quest booklet Twelve Quakers and Truth. This also raises the issue whether there is one Truth or many truths – or is that the wrong question to ask? I can imagine Meeting for Sufferings setting up a working party to explore how British Quakers can live our Truth testimony. The result might be a leaflet for enquirers, together with a booklet that expands its ideas and gives inspiring examples. I hope it would include clear thinking on how a Local Meeting can witness corporately to the Truth. There might also be some suggestions for action at a national Quaker level. Why would I like the working group to be set up by one of our central bodies? Firstly, this would mark the outcome as the corporate position of the Yearly Meeting. Secondly, they are best placed to see that the group is broadly based and knowledgeable. And, lastly, they can draw on the skills of the Britain Yearly Meeting communications department to publish and disseminate the results. To adapt John Woolman, we don’t want to come so close to the culture of falsehood that the distinction [of Friends] would be little more than the name of a truthful people. n

John is from Stourbridge Meeting. Photo: Joël de Vriend / Unsplash. de Photo: Joël

the Friend 10 January 2019 9 ‘Radical dietician’ Lucy Aphramor’s performances earned five-star reviews at the Edinburgh Fringe. They talk fat, fitness and faith with Rebecca Hardy ‘Health resides in the relationships that we build on a day-to-day basis.’

nother New Year, another slew general population,’ they explain, ‘so you can imagine of ‘New Year, New You’ dieting what we talked about – ghee, smoking, et cetera. I articles. Belts tighten and, all started to ask myself what, apart from the weather, over the UK, thousands of people had changed for a person who’d moved from Mumbai write up their 2020 resolutions to Coventry? Surely racism,’ they say. ‘But there was and pledge to shed more pounds no mention of it; no way of bringing that into the and go easy on the calories. To conversation. So I went to a clinical database and Quaker Lucy Aphramor, who Googled “racism and heart disease”, and that got me uses the pronouns them/they/ some hits, and that completely changed the trajectory of their, it’s a scenario they have seen often over decades of my work.’ working as a dietician – and to limited effect. From that point on, Lucy decided that they were no ‘I started off working as a community dietician in longer going to try to ‘correct people’s weight’ but instead ACoventry,’ they tell me, as they sip their latte in the embarked on a way of working that would allow for the Friends House cafe in London. ‘Most of the people who complex and often hidden histories and stories of their came to see me were white working-class women who clients to enter into their practice. Their programme had been told to lose weight by the doctor, and what I ‘Well Now’ took years to evolve, with its philosophy of realised pretty soon on was that what I was doing – what ‘connected eating’, but neatly dovetails with their Quaker I had been taught to do – wasn’t helpful. Often, it just values – which is all the more strange considering that didn’t work: people weren’t losing weight and no one was they weren’t even a Friend when they first began. any happier. It just didn’t make sense for me. Also, the ‘I knew that I wanted to do my practice differently,’ they amount of fat-shaming that people were [experiencing] say, ‘but I didn’t know what that would look or feel like.’ – there were a few times when people burst into tears With the help of their brother, who is a business coach, by the end of the consultation because I hadn’t been they set about dreaming up a business plan and mission horrible to them, and they were telling me stories of statement, until, after days of fruitless, uninspiring what it had been like, all the weighing and so on.’ form-filling, the dietician-cum-poet had another Lucy’s light-bulb moment came however after eureka moment. ‘I rang up my brother and said: “I’ve a meeting in which their colleagues discussed the sorted it. My plan is ‘keep the faith’ and my mission: ‘do high rates of heart disease in local South Asian men. love’s work’.” The fact that it was a completely spiritual ‘Typically, across the UK, South Asian people have got vocabulary completely passed me by.’ much higher rates of heart disease compared to the Nowadays, the spiritual dimension is firmly embedded

10 the Friend 10 January 2019 Courtesy of Lucy Aphramor. Courtesy of Lucy in their work, nourished and supported by their Quakers – I think we need more awareness of trauma Quakerism, which started with an involvement in in Quaker narratives. I think that we need to recognise the LGBTQ community. As a spoken-word poet and that what we call nutrition-sensitive diseases – things dietician, they try to unpick the complex strands of like diabetes, heart disease, strokes – they are nutrition- power and privilege that influence health outcomes, sensitive, but calling them that keeps the framing in which chimes well with Yearly Meeting’s recent focus “personal responsibility”. Anything that is nutritionally on unconscious bias and sensitive like that is also power-related.’ privilege. Instead, their ‘connected eating’ approach starts with ‘I think we need ‘My point of entry is food the idea that ‘if somebody is really struggling with more awareness and body stories to doing eating and there’s a lot of distress, the first thing is to love’s work,’ they say. ‘“Well help people know “you are worthy of love and respect, of trauma Now” envisions a world whatever you eat or don’t eat, whether you come and see in Quaker where no one is starved of me again”. Because so much of the struggle and suffering food, company, dignity and comes from shame, somewhere along the line they narratives.’ s e c u r it y.’ have linked the performance of health to “if I eat this Crucial to their way of food, I am a good person”, which is often very strongly working is to recognise and transmute the traumas that related to morality around body size (to be thin is to be may lie behind ‘our food and body stories’, which they disciplined, et cetera).’ believe the current conventional ‘reductive’ system of The second aspect to ‘connected eating’ they say is healthcare completely misses. ‘helping people make sense of body signals and use them ‘You could have a brilliant, brilliant healthcare service as data’. This differs from mindful, intuitive eating they and that would be fantastic, but it would still not make insist as the latter believes ‘body signals are inherently a a difference to health inequalities. Health resides in the wholesome guide for action, which, actually, completely relationships that we build on a day-to-day basis, which miss trauma. The strongest body signal you might have then of course influence healthcare provision… It’s is to self harm,’ they elaborate, ‘and also if you have delusional, totally delusional, to think that if the whole grown up not knowing where your next meal is coming of England would eat just according to government from, your body signal will be to eat everything in front guidelines that we’d get rid of health inequalities, or then of you. I’m not dismissing body signals, but we are we’d see significant reduction in heart disease. We need always in relationship, and body signals develop from to tackle trauma, and that’s one thing I’ve noticed in relationship.’ 4

the Friend 10 January 2019 11 most notably at the Edinburgh Fringe where they performed for two weeks in a row. ‘I’ve been so alone in my work,’ they say. ‘It was in a Quaker Meeting that for the first time ever, I felt held professionally.’ They like the fact that Quakers value ‘intellectual rigor’, saying: ‘There’s an expectation that there will be people in the Society who know what I am trying to say. Also, I like the openness, the lineage, the belongingness.’ Lucy Aphramor first joined Quakers after attending Yearly Meeting, which they were invited to by the Quaker Gender and Sexual Diversity Community. ‘I just knew that this is where I wanted to be,’ they say. ‘There was an energy to it, and I spent a lot of time in the cafe just chatting to people. It was just the right thing to do, despite the fact that I still didn’t consider myself religious. But I decided that I wasn’t going to let identity get in the way of growth, and how I have since understood it is, my idea of religion was orthodoxy and obedience. I assumed that every organised religion had an orthodoxy, and yet Quakers don’t have a creed…’ How did they feel about the recent revelation made by Maud Grainger at Yearly Meeting in May 2019 that she had only ever been fat-shamed by Quakers? ‘Shocked, but not surprised,’ is their answer, adding, ‘if people are shocked by it and you don’t know that fat-shaming is happening all around us, including within the ‘Saying that Society of Friends, that is diet culture (or thin privilege. I hope we are shocked in a way that we do diet logic) is something about it. I think There are other ways that the self-described ‘radical oppressive isn’t because fatness has been dietician’ breaks with conventional healthcare systems. the same as located in a health arena, it’s As well as being vocally critical of the ‘Obesity causes as if the narratives of fatness cancer’ campaign (which they brand ‘misleading’), they judging people are beyond scrutiny and have strong words on what they dub the ‘Thatcherite’ for finding solace people can say what they focus on the importance of Body Mass Index (BMI) in like, because the bottom assessing health: ‘You put me on the scales, you measure or meaning line is “I’m worried about me, and you know my BMI. You don’t know if I’ve been or belonging your health”.’ abused; you don’t know if I’ve crossed the ocean and So what would they seen my children die; you don’t know if I can afford to through dieting.’ say to someone who was feed my children or not; so it completely closes down embarking on a diet, in this the imagination and becomes a narrative of shame new start to a new decade, given much of their writing and blame, and also one of superiority for those of us blasts diets for their over-blown binaries (right-wrong, who are born into more advantageous circumstances good-bad) and the fact they separate the body and and who haven’t come from a whole intergenerational mind? history of struggle. Of course we’ve got different health ‘Saying that diet culture (or diet logic) is oppressive outcomes. It’s not rocket science.’ isn’t the same as judging people for finding solace Besides, they say, the idea that ‘if everyone ate the or meaning or belonging, et cetera, through dieting,’ same and was given the same opportunity to do the they say. ‘What I would say is, whether you decide to same amount of exercise, our BMI would fall within go on a diet or not, your human worth is innate and that which is recommended… is simply not bourne out doesn’t alter. That is the starting point: you are worthy by the empirical evidence. People come in all different of respect… and [if someone has dieted before and it shapes and sizes’. hasn’t worked] I also want to say to them: your story It’s heady, insightful stuff and after spending a short matters. So take yourself, your emotions and your time with Lucy, I start to get a sense of why Quakerism experience seriously. We’re all eaters and we’ve all got must have helped keep them grounded and clear since bodies. If you change the food conversation to one of they joined. ‘It’s helped me massively,’ they agree, not compassion and curiosity, you change everything.’ n least in connecting to other Friends, both here and overseas, some of whom have helped host performances, Rebecca is a journalist at the Friend.

12 the Friend 10 January 2019 have been the principal of the Quaker high Last month, Quaker school in Brummana for a year. Recent months – of mass protests, relatively peaceful conflict, International Educational the disintegration of the economy, general strikes, and bank and school closures – have Trust heard from David Gray proved challenging, but the school survives. Children continue to learn and extra days’ about a tough year in Lebanon teaching, on Saturdays and at other times, have been welcomed. One recent episode demonstrated the influence ‘One recent episode that Quaker values can have. In Lebanon there was a public call, broadcast through social media, for school demonstrated the influence Istudents across the country to hold demonstrations. These would be in sympathy with the mass protests that Quaker values can have.’ against the government and the establishment in general within schools. I called an assembly of students aged between twelve and eighteen. I talked to them of the many divisions in the world at domestic, community, state and international levels, referring particularly to the many sectarian rifts which have flourished over many generations. I compared these with the values brought by the Quakers, who preached tolerance and understanding of each other. I explained that I could not allow any form of political demonstration on the school campus – partly because Quakers do not take a political stance on matters, and partly because such a demonstration would divide us as a community that recognises our togetherness as members of Brummana High School, ‘It is to the old and young, recently arrived and long established. students’ It is to the students’ credit credit that they that they decided not to demonstrate, although decided not to some exercised their demonstrate, democratic rights by doing so in Beirut. They said that although some whatever their personal exercised their feelings they would not democratic offend or embarrass the school and recognised that, rights by doing while the school was a place so in Beirut.’ of free speech which they relish and enjoy, it was not a place of partisanship, but rather one of learning, designed to suit the needs of all in preparing young people for responsibilities and leadership which their country would need in the future. Brummana High School, the only Quaker school in Lebanon, welcomes students of all faiths and opinions, from all backgrounds. Fifty per cent of its students receive financial aid in a country where the state provides education for only twenty per cent of the student population. It has often stood as a beacon for progress and change and has produced prime ministers and presidents. In spite of all today’s uncertainties it needs to continue to do so and to lead Lebanon to a more secure, stable and certain future. n

David is the principal of Brummana High School. Courtesy of Brummana High School. Courtesy of Brummana

the Friend 10 January 2019 13 hat would achieving Colour coordinated: Zee- ‘zero carbon’ in our Area Meeting look like? Recently, about Zee Heine prepares for twenty-five Friends in Sheffield and Balby greening our Meetings Area Meeting gathered to explore this. The day was a great success and people went away with ideas, enthusiasm and energy. ‘Many of us, even The inspiration for the event came from the ‘Visioning a world without weapons’ workshops that were common Wwhen I was a Young Friend. But responding to climate committed “greens”, are change is more technical and requires more personal change (in the 1980s no one had ballistic missiles in their not doing as much as we back garden, whereas we are all involved in producing climate change). Making lifestyle changes throws us many would like.’ challenges. Many of us, even committed ‘greens’, are not doing as much as we would like. To overcome this, we started with an exercise looking at overcoming blocks. The group ranged from people not sure exactly what ‘zero carbon’ means, or what it has to do with climate change, to others who were real experts in one area or another. To bring everyone up to speed (and to keep the focus of the day on what we can do rather than what the government and others could be doing), we used the Ethical Property Company as a case study and then spent the rest of the morning sharing ideas. In the afternoon we considered what it would look like to achieve zero carbon, then to follow up participants’ particular interests we divided into four groups. One group was on travel; a second on food, looking at whether our Quaker Meetings should go vegan and how you would achieve that; a third group was looking at Sheffield Central Meeting specifically; and the last group did some ‘back-casting’ – that is, considering the last step before achieving the vision, the second to last, and so on. Another theme that ran throughout the day was how we can get better at telling people (such as other building users) about what we are already doing. We ended the day with some worship sharing. Participants said: ‘This was a day which provided inspiration, and most importantly (in the current climate) hope’; ‘I found our time together timely and helpful, especially our group visioning activity: what could our Meeting house be like in twenty years’ time and how could we make this “if” a reality?’; ‘I left feeling hopeful that at our next Meeting for Church Affairs we will discern together a positive, proactive way forward in response to the climate emergency’; ‘Being fairly well-versed in climate change I confess I came along wondering if I would learn anything new. As it turned out, it’s been one of the most enjoyable and productive days I’ve spent on these topics. I have come away, above all, more positive and hopeful – and this is exactly what I needed.’ n

Zee-Zee is from Bamford Quaker Community. If you would like her to facilitate a similar day for your Meeting, you can

Photo: Isravel Raj / Unsplash. Raj Photo: Isravel contact her via the Friend.

14 the Friend 10 January 2019 n early December the Centre for Alternative A power of good: Technology (Canolfan y Dechnoleg Amgen) (CAT) ran a course on a possible route to producing 100 per cent of the UK’s energy Anthony Woolhouse on a needs from renewable energy. The work is called Zero Carbon Britain (ZCB). plan for a zero carbon UK CAT is a good example of an organisation that Quakers need to work with. For example, we learnt that over fifty per cent of local authorities have declared a climate emergency, but that few ‘The ZCB model is one of have produced a plan of action. On the CAT website you will find a list of the actions a local authority can take. IThe ZCB approach demonstrates that we already have the most detailed studies all the technologies we need to achieve net zero. It involves powering down: by using energy more efficiently we can to date.’ reduce power needs by sixty per cent. Energy for heating can be reduced by half. Reducing how much and changing our modes of travel could cut energy demand for transport by seventy-eight per cent. It would then be possible to supply all of this ‘powered down’ energy demand with renewable and carbon-neutral energy. In the ZCB scenario, wind provides about half of the energy (most of the energy in this scenario is produced in the form of electricity; carbon-neutral synthetic fuels play an important role where this is not possible). The ZCB model is one of the most detailed studies to date on balancing demand and supply in a renewable way. It uses hourly weather data from a ten-year period to identify whether we can produce enough energy at all times – when the wind isn’t blowing, the sun isn’t shining and our energy demand is high. The hourly modelling shows a surplus of energy seventy-four per cent of the time. It ensures there is enough energy at other times by: • shifting energy demand using smart appliances, and batteries, heat storage and hydrogen in the short-term • using synthetic gas for long-term storage. Carbon-neutral synthetic fuels have the same chemical make up as fossil fuel oil and gas, but can be created by combining hydrogen (produced by electrolysis using surplus renewable electricity) with carbon from sustainable UK-grown biomass, making them carbon neutral. About ten per cent of greenhouse emissions come from food production, land use changes and land management practices. Our land management practice must include restoring essential biodiversity. Through dietary change, food waste reduction and improved agricultural practices we could provide a healthy, sustainable diet for the whole of the UK. We could become more self-reliant in food, reducing imports from forty-two per cent to seventeen per cent; our health would be improved by eating a more balanced diet; seventy-five per cent of the land used for grazing livestock could be repurposed, which could also offer new income streams to farmers. Forest area is doubled. These forests, and the restoration of peatlands results in a huge amount of CO2 capture. I was impressed by the report and encourage all Friends to take a look. n

Anthony is from Bournemouth Coastal Area Meeting. The

Photo: Master Wen / Unsplash. Wen Photo: Master ZCB report is available, free, at www.cat.org.uk/zcb.

the Friend 10 January 2019 15 n Australia, the word ‘idealist’ has connotations The Education of an of inevitable failure. In the US, people are more accommodating. ‘It is perfectly reasonable to build castles in the air,’ they assure us, ‘you just Idealist, by Samantha have to put foundations under them.’ Although born in Ireland, Samantha Power’s family moved Power to the USA when she was fourteen; she was educated and worked there. Hers has been the life of an effective idealist. This is her fifth book. After graduating from Yale, Power went as a war Review by Reg Naulty correspondent to Bosnia. In 1994 and 1995 she worked in Sarajevo. After the break-up of communist Yugoslavia Iin 1991, the Serbs, who had been the dominant ethnicity, attempted to take over Bosnia, which had the greatest range of ethnicities – one of which was Muslim, centred in Sarajevo. The Serbs besieged it for several years. There, dodging shrapnel, was Samantha Power. The war in Bosnia shocked the world with its ‘ethnic cleansing’ – a euphemism for genocide. Power wrote a book about it: A Problem from Hell: America and the age of genocide. Almost no one gets their first book published, but she received the Pulitzer Prize. It established her securely in US public life. Barack Obama, then a senator, was becoming prominent, and looked like running for president. Power sent him a copy of her book. Five months later, in 2005, he invited her to dinner. He strongly believed in human rights. She became part of his election team, and worked closely with him throughout his presidency. He made her part of his National Security Council, where she never had things all her own way, other members of the Council not giving priority to human rights. Nevertheless, the Obama government brought attention to human rights violations in places like Iran, Syria, Sudan, Russian-occupied Crimea and North Korea, which had a gulag system. It also brought UN pressure to bear on Sri Lankan president Mahinda Rajapaksa, for his atrocities against Tamil civilians. Power spent the last three years of the Obama presidency as US ambassador to the UN. These years are memorable for Russia’s support of repressive regimes and its deceit about the war in the Ukraine. Memorable too, was Barack Obama’s frustration about his inability to do anything about Syrian president Bashar al-Assad’s alleged war crimes, because of the US’s reluctance to become involved. Power rates the UN response to the terrifying Ebola epidemic in West Africa as one of the highlights of her career. The UN rallied against the epidemic and, with notable help from Britain, stopped the epidemic with surprising speed. Power is a religious person, her main religious practice being private prayer. She does not appear to be a member of any church. Although only forty-nine, she has just resigned from a couple of professorships at Harvard. She is unlikely to go quietly. There are many idealistic Friends who work in humble obscurity. They will find this book an inspiring and pleasant read. n

Reg is from Canberra Meeting, Australia.

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Friends&Meetings A QUAKER BASE IN CENTRAL LONDON Join Friends World Committee for Consultation’s Central, quiet location, Online Sustainability Conference convenient for Friends House, Explore with Friends worldwide how God is calling us British Museum and transport. Comfortable rooms tastefully to act for a more sustainable future. furnished, many en-suite. Full English breakfast. Free online event: Saturday 22 February Discount for Sufferings and Club members. Book by: Thursday 13 February 21 Bedford Place London WC1B 5JJ For more information about the conference and Tel. 020 7636 4718 to book online go to the FWCC website at: [email protected] fwcc.world/sustainability/conference2020 The Penn Club www.pennclub.co.uk

Noel WARR 12 December in Deaths St Mary’s Hospital, Westminster Diary after a long illness. Formerly of Walter Kurt HAYMAN 1 January. Friend’s House staff, QHS. Aged 75. SUNRISE AT MIDNIGHT Father of Daphne (Wassermann), Funeral 2pm, Thursday 16 January Contemplative reflections led by Carolyn and Sheila, grandfather and at St. Mary and St. John The Divine, Martin Laird OSA. Saturday 8 great-grandfather. Member of Balham. Enquiries: February, 10.30am – 4.00pm. The Uxbridge Meeting, formerly [email protected] Meditatio Centre, Islington EC1R Painswick, Whitby and Wandsworth 1XX. £30 (concessions £20). Details Meetings. Aged 93. Funeral 11.30am Richard WOOD 28 December at and booking: 020 7278 2070 or Monday 20 January, Jordans Quaker home. Husband of Janet Perry, email [email protected] Centre, HP9 2SN. Followed by father of John, Judy, Helen and Pete. lunch. All welcome. Donations to Stepfather and grandfather. Member Bail for Immigration Detainees Hosting an event? of Leicester Meeting. Aged 85. Put it in the Diary! www.biduk.org. Further details: Memorial Meeting at Leicester [email protected] QMH 2.30pm, Saturday 18 January. Enquiries: [email protected] Friends & Meetings Ralph HEBDITCH 17 December. Member of Tunbridge Wells Personal entries (births, marriages, Rosemary (Del) YALE 17 December. Meeting. Aged 89. Funeral and deaths, anniversaries, changes of Member of Porthmadog Meeting, address, Meeting up, etc.) charged Memorial Meeting for Worship at formerly Westminster. Aged 90. at £40 incl. vat for up to 35 words Tunbridge Wells Crematorium, Celebration of her life at Capel y and includes a copy of the maga- 2.30pm Friday 10 January. Porth, Porthmadog at 2.30pm zine. Meeting and charity notices, Enquiries please to: (Changes of clerk, new wardens, Thursday 9 January, followed by [email protected] new Members, changes to meet- light refreshments. Enquiries: ing, etc.) £33.33 zero rated for [email protected] or vat. Max. 35 words. Three entries Joan MILLER 7 December. [email protected] £80 (£66.66 if zero rated); six Companion of Jo Farrow. Aged 99. entries £120 (£100 zero rated). Funeral 10am Monday 13 January at DIARY NOTICES: £36 incl vat for Worthing Crematorium. Memorial Memorial meetings up to 35 words, £30 zero-rated. meeting and interment of ashes Three entries £72 incl vat, £60 10.30am Sunday 26 January at zero-rated. 6 entries £108 incl. vat Dorothy BIRTLES A Memorial £90 zero-rated. Littlehampton Quaker Meeting. Meeting to celebrate Dorothy's life Enquiries: [email protected] will be held at Oxford Meeting Deadline usually 12 noon Monday. Entries accepted at the editor’s House, 43 St Giles, at 10.45am discretion in a standard house Joyce MINNIS 24 December, Tuesday 28 January. RSVP and style. A gentle discipline will be peacefully. Widow of Eddie, moth- enquiries please to: exerted to maintain a simplicity of er/grandmother of Helen, Natalie, [email protected] style and wording that excludes Stephen, Ellie and Sam. Member of terms of endearment and words Glasgow Meeting. Aged 88. Funeral of tribute. Guidelines on request. at Glasgow Crematorium 11.15am, Keep in touch... The Friend Ad Dept, 54a Main St, 10 January. Donations Mary's Meals: Cononley, Keighley BD20 8LL. www.justgiving.com/fundraising/ ...be sure to put your family Telephone: 01535 630230 joyceminnis notices in the Friend! Email: [email protected]

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