Lista Accampamenti E Rifugi Antartide
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Concentrations, Particle-Size Distributions, and Dry Deposition fluxes of Aerosol Trace Elements Over the Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Summer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2105–2124, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2105-2021 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Concentrations, particle-size distributions, and dry deposition fluxes of aerosol trace elements over the Antarctic Peninsula in austral summer Songyun Fan1, Yuan Gao1, Robert M. Sherrell2, Shun Yu1, and Kaixuan Bu2 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA 2Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Correspondence: Yuan Gao ([email protected]) Received: 1 July 2020 – Discussion started: 26 August 2020 Revised: 3 December 2020 – Accepted: 8 December 2020 – Published: 12 February 2021 Abstract. Size-segregated particulate air samples were col- sition processes may play a minor role in determining trace lected during the austral summer of 2016–2017 at Palmer element concentrations in surface seawater over the conti- Station on Anvers Island, western Antarctic Peninsula, to nental shelf of the western Antarctic Peninsula. characterize trace elements in aerosols. Trace elements in aerosol samples – including Al, P, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ce, and Pb – were determined by total digestion and a 1 Introduction sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS). The crustal enrichment factors (EFcrust) and Aerosols affect the climate through direct and indirect ra- k-means clustering results of particle-size distributions show diative forcing (Kaufman et al., 2002). The extent of such that these elements are derived primarily from three sources: forcing depends on both physical and chemical properties (1) regional crustal emissions, including possible resuspen- of aerosols, including particle size and chemical composi- sion of soils containing biogenic P, (2) long-range transport, tion (Pilinis et al., 1995). -
Office of Polar Programs
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION DRAFT (15 January 2004) FINAL (30 August 2004) National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia 22230 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA FINAL COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) Process .......................................................1-1 1.3 Document Organization .............................................................................................................1-2 2.0 BACKGROUND OF SURFACE TRAVERSES IN ANTARCTICA..................................2-1 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Re-supply Traverses...................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Scientific Traverses and Surface-Based Surveys .......................................................................2-5 3.0 ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................................3-1 -
Antarctic Peninsula
Hucke-Gaete, R, Torres, D. & Vallejos, V. 1997c. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, by marine debris at Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets, Livingston Island, Antarctica: 1998-1997. Serie Científica Instituto Antártico Chileno 47: 123-135. Hucke-Gaete, R., Osman, L.P., Moreno, C.A. & Torres, D. 2004. Examining natural population growth from near extinction: the case of the Antarctic fur seal at the South Shetlands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 27 (5): 304–311 Huckstadt, L., Costa, D. P., McDonald, B. I., Tremblay, Y., Crocker, D. E., Goebel, M. E. & Fedak, M. E. 2006. Habitat Selection and Foraging Behavior of Southern Elephant Seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS33A-1684. INACH (Instituto Antártico Chileno) 2010. Chilean Antarctic Program of Scientific Research 2009-2010. Chilean Antarctic Institute Research Projects Department. Santiago, Chile. Kawaguchi, S., Nicol, S., Taki, K. & Naganobu, M. 2006. Fishing ground selection in the Antarctic krill fishery: Trends in patterns across years, seasons and nations. CCAMLR Science, 13: 117–141. Krause, D. J., Goebel, M. E., Marshall, G. J., & Abernathy, K. (2015). Novel foraging strategies observed in a growing leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) population at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Animal Biotelemetry, 3:24. Krause, D.J., Goebel, M.E., Marshall. G.J. & Abernathy, K. In Press. Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Mammal Science.Leppe, M., Fernandoy, F., Palma-Heldt, S. & Moisan, P 2004. Flora mesozoica en los depósitos morrénicos de cabo Shirreff, isla Livingston, Shetland del Sur, Península Antártica, in Actas del 10º Congreso Geológico Chileno. -
Ice Dynamics and Stability Analysis of the Ice Shelf-Glacial System on the East Antarctic Peninsula Over the Past Half Century: Multi-Sensor
Ice dynamics and stability analysis of the ice shelf-glacial system on the east Antarctic Peninsula over the past half century: multi-sensor observations and numerical modeling A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science of the College of Arts and Sciences by Shujie Wang B.S., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2010 M.A., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2012 Committee Chair: Hongxing Liu, Ph.D. March 2018 ABSTRACT The flow dynamics and mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet are intricately linked with the global climate change and sea level rise. The dynamics of the ice shelf – glacial systems are particularly important for dominating the mass balance state of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The flow velocity fields of outlet glaciers and ice streams dictate the ice discharge rate from the interior ice sheet into the ocean system. One of the vital controls that affect the flow dynamics of the outlet glaciers is the stability of the peripheral ice shelves. It is essential to quantitatively analyze the interconnections between ice shelves and outlet glaciers and the destabilization process of ice shelves in the context of climate warming. This research aims to examine the evolving dynamics and the instability development of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system in the east Antarctic Peninsula, which is a dramatically changing area under the influence of rapid regional warming in recent decades. Previous studies regarding the flow dynamics of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system are limited to some specific sites over a few time periods. -
2006-2007 Science Planning Summaries
Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the available indexes. Project Web Sites Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by viewing project web sites. More Information Additional information pertaining to the 2006-2007 Field Season. Home Page Station Schedules Air Operations Staffed Field Camps Event Numbering System 2006-2007 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the USAP Program Indexes available indexes. Aeronomy and Astrophysics Dr. Bernard Lettau, Program Director (acting) Project Web Sites Biology and Medicine Dr. Roberta Marinelli, Program Director Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by Geology and Geophysics viewing project web sites. Dr. Thomas Wagner, Program Director Glaciology Dr. Julie Palais, Program Director More Information Ocean and Climate Systems Additional information pertaining Dr. Bernhard Lettau, Program Director to the 2006-2007 Field Season. Artists and Writers Home Page Ms. Kim Silverman, Program Director Station Schedules USAP Station and Vessel Indexes Air Operations Staffed Field Camps Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Event Numbering System McMurdo Station Palmer Station RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer ARSV Laurence M. Gould Special Projects Principal Investigator Index Deploying Team Members Index Institution Index Event Number Index Technical Event Index Project Web Sites 2006-2007 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the Project Web Sites available indexes. Principal Investigator/Link Event No. Project Title Aghion, Anne W-218-M Works and days: An antarctic Project Web Sites chronicle Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by Ainley, David B-031-M Adélie penguin response to viewing project web sites. -
Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole. -
Antarctic Primer
Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state. -
TAM Abstract Adams B
Interdisciplinary Antarctic Earth Sciences Meeting and Shackleton Camp Planning Workshop Loveland, Colorado September 19-22, 2015 Agenda and Abstracts Agenda Saturday, Sept. 19 Time Activity place 3-7 pm Badge pickup, guest arrival, poster Heritage Lodge set up Dining tent 5:30 pm Shuttles to Sylvan Dale Hotels à Sylvan Dale 6 – 7:30 pm Dinner, cash bar Dining tent 7:30 – 9:30pm Cash bar, campfire Dining tent 8:30 & 9 pm Shuttles back to hotels Sylvan DaleàHotels Sunday, Sept. 20 Time Activity place 7 – 8:30 am Breakfast for overnight guests only 7:15 am Shuttles depart hotels Hotels à Sylvan Dale 7:30 – 8:30 Badge pickup & poster set up Heritage Lodge & tent 8:30 – 10:00 Session I Heritage Lodge 8:30 – 8:45 Opening Remarks 8:45 – 9:15 NSF remarks - Borg 9:15 – 9:45 Antar. Support Contr – Leslie, Jen, et al. 9:45 – 10:00 Polar Geospatial Center - Roth 10:00 – 10:30 Coffee/Snack Break 10:30 – 10:45 Polar Rock Repository - Grunow 10:45 – 12:00 John Calderazzo – Sci. Communication 12:00 – 1:30 pm Lunch Dining Tent 1:30 – 3:00 Session II Heritage Lodge Geological and Landscape Evolution 1:30 - 1:50 Thomson (invited) 1:50 - 2:10 Collinson (invited) 2:10 – 2:25 Flaig 2:25 – 2:40 Isbell 2:40 – 2:55 Graly 3:00 – 3:45 Coffee/Snack break 3:45 – 4:00 Putokonen 4:00 – 4:15 Sletten 4:15 – 4:35 Poster Introductions 4:35 – 6:00 Posters Dining tent 6:00 Dinner, cash bar Dining tent 8:30 & 9:00 Shuttles back to hotels Sylvan DaleàHotels 1 Monday, Sept. -
The Antarctic Treaty
The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-ninth Consultative Meeting held at Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty November 2017 Cm 9542 © Crown copyright 2017 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH ISBN 978-1-5286-0126-9 CCS1117441642 11/17 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majestyʼs Stationery Office MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-NINTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-ninth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents. -
Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 78 / Tuesday, April 23, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 16791 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., nor does it require Agricultural commodities, Pesticides SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The any special considerations under and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as Executive Order 12898, entitled requirements. amended (‘‘ACA’’) (16 U.S.C. 2401, et ‘‘Federal Actions to Address Dated: April 12, 2019. seq.) implements the Protocol on Environmental Justice in Minority Environmental Protection to the Richard P. Keigwin, Jr., Populations and Low-Income Antarctic Treaty (‘‘the Protocol’’). Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs. Annex V contains provisions for the 1994). Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is protection of specially designated areas Since tolerances and exemptions that amended as follows: specially managed areas and historic are established on the basis of a petition sites and monuments. Section 2405 of under FFDCA section 408(d), such as PART 180—[AMENDED] title 16 of the ACA directs the Director the tolerance exemption in this action, of the National Science Foundation to ■ do not require the issuance of a 1. The authority citation for part 180 issue such regulations as are necessary proposed rule, the requirements of the continues to read as follows: and appropriate to implement Annex V Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371. to the Protocol. et seq.) do not apply. ■ 2. Add § 180.1365 to subpart D to read The Antarctic Treaty Parties, which This action directly regulates growers, as follows: includes the United States, periodically food processors, food handlers, and food adopt measures to establish, consolidate retailers, not States or tribes. -
An Overview of Snow Photochemistry: Evidence, Mechanisms and Impacts
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4329–4373, 2007 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/4329/2007/ Atmospheric © Author(s) 2007. This work is licensed Chemistry under a Creative Commons License. and Physics An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts A. M. Grannas1, A. E. Jones2, J. Dibb3, M. Ammann4, C. Anastasio5, H. J. Beine6, M. Bergin7, J. Bottenheim8, C. S. Boxe9, G. Carver10, G. Chen11, J. H. Crawford11, F. Domine´12, M. M. Frey12,13, M. I. Guzman´ 9,14, D. E. Heard15, D. Helmig16, M. R. Hoffmann9, R. E. Honrath17, L. G. Huey18, M. Hutterli2, H. W. Jacobi19, P. Klan´ 20, B. Lefer29, J. McConnell21, J. Plane15, R. Sander22, J. Savarino12, P. B. Shepson23, W. R. Simpson24, J. R. Sodeau25, R. von Glasow26, 27, R. Weller19, E. W. Wolff2, and T. Zhu28 1Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA 2British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK 3Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA 4Laboratory for Radio- and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland 5Department of Land, Air & Water Resources, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA 6Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto Inquinamento Atmosferico (C.N.R. – I.I.A); Via Salaria Km 29,3; 00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Roma, Italy 7School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA 8Air Quality Research Branch, -
U.S. Advance Exchange of Operational Information, 2005-2006
Advance Exchange of Operational Information on Antarctic Activities for the 2005–2006 season United States Antarctic Program Office of Polar Programs National Science Foundation Advance Exchange of Operational Information on Antarctic Activities for 2005/2006 Season Country: UNITED STATES Date Submitted: October 2005 SECTION 1 SHIP OPERATIONS Commercial charter KRASIN Nov. 21, 2005 Depart Vladivostok, Russia Dec. 12-14, 2005 Port Call Lyttleton N.Z. Dec. 17 Arrive 60S Break channel and escort TERN and Tanker Feb. 5, 2006 Depart 60S in route to Vladivostok U.S. Coast Guard Breaker POLAR STAR The POLAR STAR will be in back-up support for icebreaking services if needed. M/V AMERICAN TERN Jan. 15-17, 2006 Port Call Lyttleton, NZ Jan. 24, 2006 Arrive Ice edge, McMurdo Sound Jan 25-Feb 1, 2006 At ice pier, McMurdo Sound Feb 2, 2006 Depart McMurdo Feb 13-15, 2006 Port Call Lyttleton, NZ T-5 Tanker, (One of five possible vessels. Specific name of vessel to be determined) Jan. 14, 2006 Arrive Ice Edge, McMurdo Sound Jan. 15-19, 2006 At Ice Pier, McMurdo. Re-fuel Station Jan. 19, 2006 Depart McMurdo R/V LAURENCE M. GOULD For detailed and updated schedule, log on to: http://www.polar.org/science/marine/sched_history/lmg/lmgsched.pdf R/V NATHANIEL B. PALMER For detailed and updated schedule, log on to: http://www.polar.org/science/marine/sched_history/nbp/nbpsched.pdf SECTION 2 AIR OPERATIONS Information on planned air operations (see attached sheets) SECTION 3 STATIONS a) New stations or refuges not previously notified: NONE b) Stations closed or refuges abandoned and not previously notified: NONE SECTION 4 LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES AFFECTING OTHER NATIONS a) McMurdo airstrip will be used by Italian and New Zealand C-130s and Italian Twin Otters b) McMurdo Heliport will be used by New Zealand and Italian helicopters c) Extensive air, sea and land logistic cooperative support with New Zealand d) Twin Otters to pass through Rothera (UK) upon arrival and departure from Antarctica e) Italian Twin Otter will likely pass through South Pole and McMurdo.