Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Florida Coordinating Council on Mosquito Control Subcommittee on Imperiled Species

Charge: Develop recommendations to the Council regarding conduct of mosquito control that will: 1) allow for management and recovery of imperiled species by state and federal agencies and 2) allow the Mosquito Control Districts to continue to provide mosquito control as required by State Law under Chapter 388 of the Florida Statues.

Members:

Steve Dwinell (chair) – Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Dana Bryan – Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jaret Daniels – University of Florida Bob Frakes – US Fish & Wildlife Service Patricia Harden – Florida Defenders of the Environment Larry Hribar – Florida Keys MCD Jeff Stivers – Collier MCD Ricardo Zambrano – Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission

Priorities/Tasks:

 Generate a list of imperiled species that are potentially impacted by mosquito control practices in Florida which will be prioritized by the Subcommittee and presented to the Council for further consideration.

 Develop research priorities addressing potential for and magnitude of impacts of mosquito control practices on imperiled species in Florida.

 Provide recommendations to the Council in resolving conflicts between Mosquito Control Districts and other state and federal agencies involving the management of imperiled species in Florida.

1 Priority Ranking of Imperiled Species Identified as Potentially Impacted by Mosquito Control Pesticides in Florida Federal Rank Common Name Scientific Name County State Status Comments3 Status1 Priority2 Cyclargus thomasi Highest Subcommittee previously voted to give highest Miami blue butterfly Monroe Endangered Candidate (3) bethunebakeri priority priority to these four imperiled butterflies. Bartram’s hairstreak Highest Subcommittee previously voted to give highest Strymon acis bartrami Miami-Dade, Monroe Not Listed Candidate (3) butterfly priority priority to these four imperiled butterflies. Florida leafwing Anaea troglodyta Highest Subcommittee previously voted to give highest Miami-Dade, Monroe Not Listed Candidate (3) butterfly floridalis priority priority to these four imperiled butterflies. Schaus swallowtail Heraclides aristodemus Highest Subcommittee previously voted to give highest Miami-Dade, Monroe Endangered Endangered butterfly ponceanus priority priority to these four imperiled butterflies. No vote here. I cannot vote for an unknown entity. This is Other imperiled Fill in spot for other imperiled butterflies (identified by the Imperiled Butterflies equivalent to going to an election and voting for a candidate Workgroup) that may be impacted by mosquito control. 4.5 butterflies to be named later. Deisler (1987) makes no mention of mosquito control as Stock Island tree threat to this species. Forys et al (2001) mention fire ants as Orthalicus reses Miami-Dade, Monroe Endangered Threatened snail 2.9 the likely agent of extinction of this species; they consume all life stages of snails. Baker, Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Threatened I assume the mention of loss of prey items refers to the fact Flatwoods Gulf, Holmes, Ambystoma cingulatum Species of (frosted) and that lab colonies have been maintained on mosquito larvae salamander (Frosted Jackson, Jefferson, and Ambystoma bishopi 2.9 (amphibiaweb.org), among other prey. What is the natural Liberty, Okaloosa, concern Endangered and Reticulated) prey of this species? Santa Rosa, Wakulla, (reticulated) Walton, Washington Some Chamaesyce are self-pollinated, other require insects. It might be interested to study the biology of the south Garber’s Spurge Chamaesyce garberi Miami-Dade, Monroe Endangered Threatened 2.7 Florida species. Fire may be the limiting factor (Carlson et al. 1993). Broward, Miami- Couldn't access full article - can't tell what insects pollinate Beach Jaquemontia Jacquemontia reclinata Endangered Endangered Dade, Palm Beach 2.7 and when they are active. Are mycorrhizae important? What are the pollinators? Norman (2003) writes that this Deeringothamus Charlotte, Lee, species is self-compatible and that very few insects visited Beautiful pawpaw Endangered Endangered pulchellus Orange 2.7 the flowers; few of those had pollen on their bodies. Kral (1960) speculates fire is important to this species biology. Kral (1960) did not observe many insects visiting the Four-petal pawpaw Asimina tetramera Martin, Palm Beach Endangered Endangered 2.7 flowers of Asiminia spp. Panama City Species of Procambarus ecofinae Bay Not Listed May be worthy of investigation. crayfish Concern 2.4 Hennessey and Habeck (1994) found fruit set, seed set, and Key tree cactus Pilosocereus robinii Monroe Endangered Endangered 2.4 seed germination not affected by mosquito control operations. Endangered Fragrant prickly- Cereus eriophorus Rae & Ebert (2002) - anecdotal at best. Current Special Use St. Lucie (Harrisia Endangered apple fragrans 2.4 Permit should alleviate concerns. eriophora) Has anyone evaluated mycorrhizal fungi at the sites in Crenulate lead-plant Amorpha crenulata Miami-Dade Endangered Endangered 2.4 question? (Fisher &Jayachandran 2002) 2 Federal Rank Common Name Scientific Name County State Status Comments3 Status1 Priority2 Some Chamaesyce are self-pollinated, others require Chamaesyce deltoidea insects. It might be interested to study the biology of the Wedge Spurge Monroe Endangered Candidate (9) serpyllum 2.4 south Florida species. Fire may be the limiting factor (Carlson et al. 1993) Broward, Collier, Species of I am assuming similar risk [as Stock Is tree snail], i.e., fire Florida tree snail Liguus fascinatus Not Listed Miami-Dade, Monroe Concern 2.3 ant predation. Why was mosquito control mentioned as a threat if Highlands tiger operations are minimal in this species habitat? Suggest Cicindela highlandensis Highlands, Polk Not listed Candidate (5) beetle 2.3 gathering better data regarding operations before going further. Beware extrapolation of agricultural uses to mosquito Endangered control uses - we are talking about vastly different Charlotte, Collier, Florida bonnet bat Eumops floridanus (E. glaucinus Candidate (2) application rates. This species apparently consumes mostly Lee, Miami-Dade 2.3 floridanus) beetles (Belwood 1981, Best et al. 1997). A study of diet, identifying prey items to species, might be illuminating. This fish may be associated with giant land crabs (Taylor et Brevard, Broward, Species of al. 1995). Maybe the decline of crabs impacted the number Mangrove rivulus Rivulus marmoratus Collier, Indian River, Not Listed 2.1 of fish? Does this fish feed exclusively on mosquito larvae Miami-Dade, Monroe concern or are they part of a wider variety of prey items? Is the fish present in Monroe County really M. conchorum or is it M. peninsulae? Yamahira & Conover (2003) and Keys silverside Menidia conchorum Monroe Threatened Not Listed 2.1 Duggins et al. (1986) say it is peninsulae, and that the two are not reliably distinguishable morphologically or biochemically. Atlantic saltmarsh Brevard, Indian Nerodia clarkii taeniata Threatened Threatened Has marsh restoration been helpful to this species? snake River, Volusia 2.1 Big Pine partridge Chamaecrista lineata Current operations (Special Use Permit) should not impact Monroe Endangered Candidate (9) pea var. keyensis 2.1 pollinators as per Liu and Koptur (2003). Aren't flax plants self-pollinated? Kearns & Inouye (1994) Sand Flax Linum arenicola Miami-Dade, Monroe Endangered Candidate (2) 2.1 mention bees and flies as pollinators of L. lewisii. Liu et al. (2004) - consumption of fruits by box turtles may Long Key locust- induce dormancy of seeds. Ornamental planting around Byrsonima lucida Miami-Dade, Monroe Threatened Not listed berry 2.1 houses may help maintain pollinators (Koptur & Geiger 2000). Beware extrapolation of agricultural uses to mosquito Lower Keys marsh Sylvilagus palustris Monroe Endangered Endangered control uses - we are talking about vastly different hefneri 1.7 rabbit application rates. Key Largo cotton Peromyscus gossypinus Monroe Endangered Endangered I really don't see the connection here. mouse allapaticola 1.6 Neotoma floridana Key Largo woodrat Monroe Endangered Endangered I really don't see the connection here. smalli 1.6 Lower Keys Rice Oryzomys palustris Monroe Endangered Endangered I really don't see the connection here. Rat natator 1.6 1 Candidate listing priority numbers range from 1 to 12; a species with a listing priority of 1 would have the highest priority for listing. 2 This is the average score based on a Rank Priority from 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest priority) with seven out of the eight members voting. 3 All comments submitted by the members of the Subcommittee on Imperiled Species. 3