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U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5010, 102 P

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U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5010, 102 P Prepared in cooperation with the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Analysis of Environmental Setting, Surface-Water and Groundwater Data, and Data Gaps for the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area, Oklahoma, Through 2011 Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5010 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Left, Water tower located in the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area, Shawnee, Oklahoma (photograph by Michael Dotson, Citizen Potawatomi Nation). Right, Pond at the Grand Casino, Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area, Shawnee, Oklahoma (photograph by Richard Kunze, Director of Public Works, Citizen Potawatomi Nation). Analysis of Environmental Setting, Surface- Water and Groundwater Data, and Data Gaps for the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area, Oklahoma, Through 2011 By William J. Andrews, Christopher R. Harich, S. Jerrod Smith, Jason M. Lewis, Molly J. Shivers, Christian H. Seger, and Carol J. Becker Prepared in cooperation with the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5010 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2013 This and other USGS information products are available at http://store.usgs.gov/ U.S. Geological Survey Box 25286, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 To learn about the USGS and its information products visit http://www.usgs.gov/ 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Andrews, W.J., Harich, C.R., Smith, S.J., Lewis, J.M., Shivers, M.J., Seger, C.H., and Becker, C.J., 2013, Analysis of environmental setting, surface-water and groundwater data, and data gaps for the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area, Oklahoma, through 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5010, 102 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5010/. Acknowledgments The authors thank staff of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation for providing data and support for this report. The authors also thank staff of the U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma Water Resources Board, Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality, Oklahoma Conservation Commission, the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, the Association of Central Oklahoma Governments, the Oklahoma State Health Department, and the U.S. Department of Energy for data derived from sampling of water resources in and near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation Tribal Jurisdictional Area. v Contents Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................iii Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ......................................................................................................................................2 Location of the Study Area ..........................................................................................................................2 Methods of Analysis .....................................................................................................................................2 Selection of Climatic and Geographic Data ....................................................................................2 Selection of Streamflow Data ............................................................................................................2 Selection of Groundwater Data .........................................................................................................2 Selection of Water-Quality Data ........................................................................................................4 Estimation of Water Use .....................................................................................................................4 Analysis of Climatic and Geographic Data ......................................................................................5 Analysis of Hydrologic Data ...............................................................................................................5 Surface Water .............................................................................................................................5 Groundwater ................................................................................................................................6 Analysis of Water-Quality Data .........................................................................................................6 Surface Water .............................................................................................................................6 Groundwater ................................................................................................................................6 Quality Assurance .......................................................................................................................7 Evaluation of Water Use ..............................................................................................................................7 Summary of Climatic and Geographic Data .............................................................................................9 Climate ...................................................................................................................................................9 Physiography ........................................................................................................................................9 Soils ........................................................................................................................................................9 Geology ................................................................................................................................................10 Land Cover ..........................................................................................................................................13 Evaluation of Hydrologic Data ..................................................................................................................13 Surface Water ....................................................................................................................................13 Seasonality of Streamflow ......................................................................................................13 Magnitudes and Frequencies of Floods ................................................................................15 Low-Flow Characteristics .......................................................................................................16 Long-Term Trends .....................................................................................................................21 Groundwater .......................................................................................................................................23 Evaluation of Water-Quality Data .............................................................................................................25 Surface-Water Quality ......................................................................................................................25 Water Properties .......................................................................................................................25 Major Ions ..................................................................................................................................34 Nutrients .....................................................................................................................................34 Metals .........................................................................................................................................39 Fecal-Indicator Bacteria .........................................................................................................39 Quality Assurance .....................................................................................................................42 Groundwater Quality .........................................................................................................................42 Water Properties .......................................................................................................................42 vi Major Ions ..................................................................................................................................44 Nutrients .....................................................................................................................................49 Metals .........................................................................................................................................49 Quality Assurance .....................................................................................................................52
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