"FOR GREATER POWER AND MORE EFFICIENCY"

January, 1949 Vol. 22, No. 1

THIS MONTH MUSIC OF THE MESSAGE ...... _...... _...... _...... Enlarging the Music Teacher©s Sphere THE MINISTER©S WIFE ...-...... _._...... _...... __...._...... :_....-. Ten Commandments for Ministers* Wives An Hour for the Ministers© Wives BETTER SPEECH AND DICTION ...... "The Form of Sound Words" THE REALM OF RESEARCH ...... How Long Is "Three Days"? No. 1 THE MINISTER IN THE MAKING ...... Reaching the Hearts of Youth . 11 WITH YOUR ASSOCIATION SECRETARIES ...... With Your Headquarters© Staff . 13 LITERATURE EVANGELISM ...... :...... Bookmobile as A Spiritual Factor 14

BIBLE INSTRUCTOR COUNCIL ...... 15 IV. Origin of the Bible Work (Bible Readings by Land and Sea) The Seventh Day RELIGIOUS WORLD TRENDS 20 The World Council of Churches No. 1 Saved by Grace, in Poem and Text EDITORIAL KEYNOTES ...... 23 Advance! The Marching Orders From Denver THE BOOK SHELF ...... 26 Out of the Labyrinth_-_^-----.. The...- **.»t.»^t*r»American v-nwic/ies,Churches, an interpretation—Interpretation—JereJere- miah for Today 100 Great Texts and Their Treatment—Notes on the Psalms HEALTH EVANGELISM ...... 28 Alcohol, -Presenting Health Message in Inter-America PASTORAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES ...... 32 Pastor©s Part in Field School

CHALLENGE OF A WORLD TASK ...... 33 A New Evangelism in China 1

THE PULPIT AND THE STUDY ...... 35 IV. Office and Work of the Holy Spirit (Gifts and Fruit of the Spirit) the gospel, as well as the contrasting heart of the great apostasy, is most illuminating and re Notes and Notices freshing. These writings are performing a Information and Sundry Items great service in opening the eyes of many Catholics to the real issues at stake. It is hoped that many will aid this worthy enterprise through giving financial help to the Agora Three New Ministry Features Publishing Co. (120 Liberty St., City), for the wide distribution of such spear C, THREE new sections will henceforth appear head literature. L. E. F. periodically in THE MINISTRY, and begin in this issue. First is "The Minister©s Wife." As Back Numbers and Bound Volumes is commonly conceded, the attitude and rela tionship of the minister©s wife can make or IN RECENT YEARS we have made frequent calls break the success of her companion; hence its through these columns, asking our readers to importance. Second, "Better Speech and Dic send in certain scarce numbers of THE MINIS tion." Slovenly speech and faulty diction mar TRY. It has been some time since we have made and discount the worker©s message, and misrep such a call. In fact, so many kind readers have resent his appeal to men. This should be responded that we have had sufficient numbers watched. And, third, "With Your Association to meet almost every need. However, every few Secretaries." There is a growing desire to weeks we receive an urgent request for certain know just what your secretaries at the home back numbers in order to round out some work base and in overseas divisions are doing. Your er©s incomplete file, and this has exhausted some editors believe you will find these new depart issues entirely. ments highly practical, profitable, and interest If you have any duplicates of THE MINISTRY, ing. While we have had occasional articles in or are not keeping a file of your own, or know these fields, the time has come for them to be of some back copies in a deceased minister©s come regular features. The growing conviction library, won©t you come to our aid once more of your editors is strongly supported by the and either send these back numbers to us or responses to the questionnaire appearing in write and tell us which numbers are available. THE MINISTRY for September. It affords us At present we are in need of the following num real pleasure to present these features. bers: 1928 All. C. SOME actually exhibit the censorious spirit 1929 All (especially April). of the "accuser of the brethren" while defend 1930 All. ing an alleged orthodoxy of belief, perhaps on 1932 Dec. some minor doctrinal point or date or proph 1933 All. ecy. Others, holding a slightly different view, 1934 All. manifest the kind and gentle spirit of Christ in 1938 July. their portrayals, and relationships to others. 1940 July. Which, think you, is acceptable in the sight of 1941 All. God, who is love incarnate? The orthodox 1942 April, Oct., Nov. form, without the Christ spirit, is a clanging 1943 April, July, Sept. gong and a mocking cymbal. The presentation 1944—March, April, Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec. and defense of truth should ever comport with X945 Jan., May, June, Sept., Oct. the spirit of truth. !947 Jan., Feb., June, July, Aug.

Aid This Worthy Enterprise The numbers we are most urgently in need of are printed in italics. If you have only one C. THERE is an increasingly insistent call, in or two back numbers to send, a large stamped such lands as- the Philippines, India, the Neth envelope (bought from the post office) is a erlands, and , for books and pamphlets suitable container, if slit open at the sides. dealing soundly and adequately with the Roman Larger quantities should be more securely Catholic question. The Agora Publishing Com wrapped. pany, of New York City, is so flooded with BOUND VOLUMES. A few bound volumes of such appeals that it is earnestly asking for con THE MINISTRY are available for each of the tributions from Christian friends to supply such following years: 1938, ©39, ©40, ©41, ©42, ©43, ©44, literature for those millions who are spiritually ©45, and ©47. The price for each volume is $2.75. hungry for factual information on this vital We can supply some other years on request. subject. The most important items are written Write us of your needs. by Dr. Leo H. Lehmann, scholarly editor of We can usually supply single copies at The Converted Catholic Magazine and author twenty cents a copy, or less in quantities. Order of Out of the Labyrinth, who was formerly a through the Review and Herald, or Editorial Roman Catholic priest, but who is now a sound Office, THE MINISTRY, Takoma Park 12, D.C. evangelical minister. His grasp of the heart of Make remittance payable to THE MINISTRY. Page 2 The Ministry, January, 1949 Official Organ of the Ministerial Association of Seventh-day Adventists Editor: LEROY EDWIN FROOM Associate Editors: J. LAMAK McEmANY, R. ALLAN ANDERSON, LOUISE C. KLEUSER Office Editor and Circulation Secretary: MABLE HINKHOUSE TOWERY

Enlarging the Music Teacher©s Sphere By HAROLD A. MILLER, Professor of Music, Southern Missionary College

L summers are not alike it depends upon keeps us a people; it will brighten and enlighten how they are spent. For years it has been our vision of the real usefulness of music. Athe custom of our colleges to make use of The field is waiting for us to awaken, and school musicians in teaching through the sum those in charge will be eager to give us our mer session. This plan locked the musical talent opportunity to show a better reason for teach within the four studio walls, and drew out what ing music than we as yet have been able to little coloring was left in already pale cheeks. offer. Music was intended to serve a holy pur The teaching went not only round the clock pose. Let us allow the aesthetic to rest for one but round the yearly cycle too. All this labor summer, get down to practical things, and view and talent was concentrated in one small spot firsthand the actual working of this peculiar not without its benefits but meager compared power God has given us. to the broad possibilities in another field of use But let us not slip back into the same old fulness. "artistic" rut the next summer. See that each This past summer shines in my experience summer finds us connected with an effort some like a diamond in a lump of coal. Blessing it where. Many of us may need to start in a small was that came in the invitation to connect with effort but let it be service small or great the field school of evangelism in Asheville, until we become enthusiastic about it. And if North Carolina, to care for the musical phase. our hearts are right, it will not take long for us What a difference there is in singing a gospel to catch the spirit of a beautiful, forceful, truth- message to souls hungry for truth, and per filled message. forming for well-fed people who are weighing God needs musicians outside the studio as carefully all the artistic points or the absence much as He needs them in the classroom. Let us of them! If you have never looked into the up give a fine, sensible balance to both, but we turned, honest faces of those who have come should not forget our responsibility to the cause for a clearer understanding of the hope held we have espoused. Our work is but half done out to sincere seekers for truth, and watched when we have taught our music students. countenances change as the music and its mes sage struck deep into the pool of their emotions, OURS is a broader ideal than that then you have yet to experience something of worldly musicians. If we stop with a reason which far exceeds in personal satisfaction any able attainment of his standards, either for our thing you have known. selves or "for our students, we have reached only We musicians would do well if we would em the first station on our artistic trip. It is time we phasize the importance of music in the message, seriously examined our premises, and sounded as well as the message in the music. Yes, we the depths of our measure of service. Who is would enlarge our contribution to the spread of the musician who is too great to sing gospel the third angel©s message if we would acquire songs, or sit at an upright piano to play for a the habit of thinking of our music ideals and song service? Where is the man who considers goals in terms of evangelism, then leave the himself too "high-class" to indulge in an evan studio behind, step into the shoes of a singing gelistic effort? These may seem like biting evangelist, and feel the heartbeat of warm, re words. But I think our music situation needs sponsive evangelistic joy. It will color the studio plain talk, for truly we are not meeting our activity of the year to follow; it will tie us to duty or measuring up to our responsibilities. the throbbing missionary work that made and God open our eyes to our present opportunities. The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 3 THE MINISTER©S WIFE Her Vital Partnership in Service

Ten Commandments for Ministers© Wives

By R. "R. BIETZ, President of the Southern New Conference During a recent evangelistic institute for the work est contribution you can make is not by occupy ers of the Southern New England Conference special attention was given to the needs of ministers' wives by ing church offices but by giving strong moral arranging for daily meetings under the able leadership support to everyone who holds these offices. of Mrs. R. R. Bietz, who_ was assisted by Mrs. T. G. Bunch. These women wisely steered the discussions II. Thou shalt not make unto thee any church into practical channels. Sensible and positive ap "clique" or anything resembling it. proaches were sought in the solving of all the problems ttnder discussion. An exchange of ideas stimulates re The minister is considered the spiritual freshed thinking, lifts the vision, and adds new zeal leader of the flock. As such, he will shepherd and fervor for the work. Let us continue to develop the entire flock. Every flock has a variety of the usefulness of the ministers' wives while planning to help our ministers increase their efficiency. sheep, some of them lame, others sick; some L. c. K. old. others young; some fat, others lean; some "Houses and riches a man inherits from his father, diseased, and others healthy; but all belong to but a sensible wife comes from the Eternal." Prov. 19:14, Moffatt. the shepherd. He gives attention to each one. He shows no difference to any particular group. HE wise man has told us that the sensible So it must be with the minister©s wife. One of wife comes from the Lord. The wife of the the quickest ways of ruining your husband©s T minister must be a sensible woman, for she influence is to gather a few ladies whom you occupies a most important place in the cause of like about you. to the exclusion of all others. God. When conference committees call work Church "cliques" have an uncanny way of ers, they consider not only the husband, but the keeping a minister on the move if he or his wife as well. Invariably she receives her share wife in any way belongs to them. of discussion before a definite call is placed. III. Thou shalt not take the name of thy Because you are playing such an essential husband in vain. part in the life of the minister, I would like to Unconsciously, I suppose, many times our place before you the burden on my heart in the good wives want to build up our good reputa form of ten commandments. tion by telling others what wonderful men we I. Thou shalt have no other interests more really are, but to do this is almost fatal. If important to thee than thy husband's. your husband preaches a good sermon, don©t tell I realize you have your home duties, and this the people about it. They are well aware of all commandment does not mean that you should the good and not-so-good sermons. In fact, they make your husband©s work your own to the ex can judge better than the wives, for they are tent that you neglect your home duties. You not prejudiced in favor of the minister. To tell must always be a good homemaker. As the others that your husband is intelligent and wife of a minister you cannot expect to have a handsome is out of place; neither should you career of your own and also to be a successful frequently mention the fact that your husband minister©s wife. In other words you should not is a man of prayer and very godly. be a career woman. Your husband©s career is People are well aware of all your husband©s your career, his profession is your pfofession, qualities. If they want to tell you about it, that his success is your success, and his failure is is quite all right, but do not enlarge upon their your failure. Therefore, you should take a keen statements. If you want to talk about your hus interest in his work. For instance when he band, go to him and tell him. He is always glad preaches to a large congregation in an evange to hear sincere statements about his work. The listic program, it is not befitting that you should greatest contribution you can make to his suc sit in the back row and do your knitting, sew cess is to go to him directly and tell him what ing, and darning of socks. you think. You, as a minister©s wife, can take a keen in IV. Remember thy family problems, to keep terest in church work without being unethical. them holy. You do not have to hold a church office to be a I have been surprised of late to find that leader and a morale builder. Your leadership is many family problems have been made the talk an indirect but effective leadership. The great- of the community. Ministers© wives have spread Paee 4 The Ministry, January, 1949 their family affairs around to the members of VI. Thou shalt not gossip. the church. To me it seems like taking the fur It is said that two people can keep a secret if niture out of the most holy place, the home, and one is dead. If members of the church come to throwing it out into the camp to become public you with secrets, and if you have to listen, I property. A minister©s influence may be ruined trust that you can do it in such a way that they completely because there has been much non will recognize that you do not enjoy it, and yet sensical talk about family affairs which should will feel that you are their friend. In other be kept within the circle of the home. I read in words be a good listener, but listen in such a Ministry of Healing: "Around every family way that the party with secrets will not come there is a sacred circle that should be kept un back the second time. broken. Within this circle no other person has Do not stoop to the low level of carrying a right to come. Let not the husband or the tales. Sooner or later gossip always must go to wife permit another to share the confidences the judgment bar, and to call a minister©s wife that belong solely to themselves." Page 361. as a witness is an almost unforgivable sin in V. Honor thy husband by keeping thy place, ethics. Conferences have had to spend hundreds that his years of ministry in the cause may be of dollars to move ministers from one field to another because the wife was always busy about There is an old adage: "As unto the bow the other people©s business. The wise man says, cord is, so unto the man is woman. Though speaking of the wife, "She openeth her mouth she bends© him, she obeys him." To be© sure, the with wisdom; and in her tongue is the law of wife should always be a strong influence in her kindness." Prov. 31126. The warp and woof of husband©s success. However, no wife should all our speech should be kindness and love. dominate her husband, either in private or in Gossip is never kind. Good questions to ask be public. I have seen ministers blush when wives fore repeating anything are these: Is it true ? unthinkingly corrected their speech or facts as Is it kind? Is it necessary? they spoke in public. Please turn to page 6 There are some husbands whose wives dom inate them so completely in private life that they are at a loss to make decisions away from An Hour for the Ministers© Wives home. It is quite a -well-known fact that some workers can never give an answer, even in TOURING the workers© institute of the South- small matters, unless they first get counsel from ^"^ ern New England Conference, June 6-n, "the power behind the throne." If you are a the ministers© wives had an hour each day for better executive or administrator than your talks and discussions. This is the third time I husband, and that is possible, use your ability have attended workers© meetings where this to train him, not to dominate him. Do all your plan was followed, and each time it has proved tutoring at home behind closed doors. In this successful. As far as the workers© wives of the way you can make a real contribution not only Southern New England Conference are con to him but to the cause of God. cerned, the plan is considered a definite success, Someone has said: and we have the assurance from the conference "Men recognize few spectacles as more pathetic administration that it will be part of the work than that of a non-resisting husband who permits him ers© meetings hereafter. self to be tyrannized by a dynamic wife. The last ves Each evening at seven-fifteen we met for one tige of all sound happiness must be sacrificed in those hour. The first thirty minutes were used for the homes where shrewish women have not been tamed. The man who lives in perpetual apprehension of the presentation of some topic and the remainder disapproval which his wife may hurl upon an innocent of the time in round-table discussion. Some of pastime, the servile husband who answers the shrill the topics discussed were: "The Relation of the and imperious summons of his wife with a docile ©Yes, my dear,© is an abject caricature of what all people by Worker©s Wife to the Church," "Dress Ethics," common consent expect to find in a virile husband, and "Guarding the Minister©s Study Hour," "Menus offers the strongest extra-Scriptural argument for the and Meals," "Home Responsibilities," "Church husband©s leadership in the family." For Better Not Responsibilities," "The Minister©s Wife as a •for Worse, p. 404. Leader," "The Minister©s Wife in the Com There is, of course, much to be said about munity," and so forth. the husband dominating the wife, but since I To ask our leaders to give us an hour each day am talking to the ladies, I will not mention that during workers© institute for a women©s forum part, only to say that the husband should be may be a "departure from the faith," but we perpetually impelled to cherish his wife with an believe it is time well spent. Even though we intense affection, to acknowledge her accom seldom appear on the platform we do have prob plishments and virtues, to minimize her frail lems which need careful study. To build Chris ties and inconsistencies, and to perform the tian homes is our task, and many and varied! many services of love which are at his disposal are the problems in accomplishing it. At the by working for her, living for her, and, if nec time of the workers© meeting we who have essary, dying for her, even as Christ gave Him problems in common can get together and help self for the church. each other. MRS. R. R. BIETZ. The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 5 VII. Thou shalt not be a burden to others. ter©s influence can go down the scale rather Almost all our people have plenty of burdens quickly if his wife does not maintain denomi of their own, and they find no great satisfaction national standards of dress. There are those in having the minister or his wife come around who believe that much make-up will make them making extra work or burdens for them. If you more charming. However, our people do not g-o along© with your husband in visiting the share that conviction. They rather think that homes of our people, be sure to make yourself those "who are all Vogue on the outside, are useful in the home. Common sense will dictate all vague on the inside." Someone has given when this is necessary. I have had some people the following definition of charm: "A sort of tell me that they do not like to have the min bloom on a woman, if you have it you don©t ister©s wife come around, because she stays for need to have anything else, and if you don©t days but never turns a finger to give any help. have it, it doesn©t matter much what else you By and large, I believe our people like to get have." BLACKWOOD, Pastoral Work, p. 57. acquainted with the minister©s wife if she is Our dress, our actions, our words, should al willing to fit into the whole situation, such as ways be such as will demand respect and ap it is. Nine times out of ten, not only is she wel preciation for our calling. come, but her presence is desired. X. Thou shalt not covet thy lay sister's or VIII. Thou shalt not cultivate tastes beyond fellow minister's wife's house, furniture, car, dress, or whatever thy sister may have. thy husband's income. A. minister©s wife must be on guard that she A minister©s wife must always remember that does not become envious of others who have her husband©s salary is not in the upper brack more of this world©s goods than she. I would ets. If you must have the best of everything, like to caution the wives of the younger minis then you have missed your calling. Your hus ters especially. Quite often they see the better band will probably not be able to buy the best furniture the older ministers have, and the feel of furniture when he starts out in the ministry, ing is that theirs should be in the same class. and it will be necessary for you to be satisfied However, you must always remember that with the things he can buy and can afford. The those who have been in the ministry for a good old saying goes, "If you cannot have what you many years did not start out with the best of want, want what you have." In other words, if everything in furniture and household equip he cannot afford a vacuum sweeper, be happy ment. It has taken years for many of our work that he does have money to buy a broom. We ers to gather up sufficient money to buy good are told that a century ago the average family furniture. I suppose most ministers started out in America had seventy-two wants. Sixteen of buying second-hand furniture. They have used these were classified as necessities. Today there packing boxes for cupboards. are 484 wants, and ninety-four of these are Neither should you compare yourself with a classified as necessities. It shows that our lay sister whose husband©s financial income far standard of living has gone up the scale con exceeds that of your husband. My suggestion siderably. However, in spite of this, the min would be, if you are tempted to covet along ister©s wife must still be careful not to cultivate these lines, that you visit in the homes of a tastes beyond her husband©s income. good many of our people who are not so com Some few years ago a study was made of one fortably situated as you are. This will help to thousand families in the city of Boston. Those dispel all further thought of envy. making the study wanted to know why friction In closing, let me read just one paragraph developed within these one thousand homes. which I believe should be a source of encour They found that it was the thoughtless attitude agement to you. of the husband or the wife toward money which "The husband, in the open missionary field, may re was the main cause of dissatisfaction and dis ceive the honor of men, while the home toiler may re ceive no earthly credit for her labor; but if she works contentment arising in the home. I believe that for the best interests of her family, seeking to fashion with cooperative planning the average minister their characters after the divine Model, the recording can support his family and have a comfortable angel writes her name as one of the greatest mission living. aries in the world." Gospel Workers, p. 203. The ideal wife will put forth a real effort to I.. Thou shalt not appear untidy. create an ideal home. She knows that if she ac Some time ago I read the following in a complishes this, her work is considered even fashion magazine entitled Good Dressing: more important than that of a king upon his "What we must not forget is that there is a distinct throne. point of morals in this question of how a woman dresses. A woman is never better than she dresses. "THEY talk about a woman©s sphere, In other words, a woman©s dress reveals with unfail As thoxigh it had a limit, ing accuracy exactly what she is. There is in fact no There©s not a place in earth or heaven, mirror that so clearly reveals the character as a There©s not a task to mankind given, woman©s dress. It is unerring and absolutely self-re There©s not a joy, there©s not a woe. vealing." There©s not a whispered ©Yes© or ©No,© There©s not a death, there©s not a birth, I am not an authority on .this topic, but I There©s "not a featherweight of worth, would like to emphasize the fact that a minis- Without a woman in it." Page 6 The Ministry, January, 1949 BETTER SPEECH AND DICTION Constructive Hints and Helpful Cautions

"The Form of Sound Words" By CHARLES E. WENIGER, Dean, and Professor of Speech, S.D.A. Theological Seminary

OLD fast the form of sound words." fond. If he were living in America today he 2 Tim 1:13. Paul the preacher, the mas might observe that the American vocabulary H ter-craftsman in the use of the exact consists chiefly of nice, fine, awful, and swell, word, was giving Timothy, his "dearly beloved with the possible addition of yeah and O.K. Of son," a bit of advice on an important aspect of the more than 600,000 words available in the the art of preaching. Apparently, in Paul©s day, English language, fifty little words constitute there were plenty of speakers who were using 50 per cent of our conversation. Seven hundred unsound words, and the apostle wanted to cau words comprise the bulk of our conversation tion the young preacher not to fall into the and business letters. Only five thousand words, habit. "Hold fast," I can hear him say, "the it is said, make up the vocabulary of the edu form of healthy words." (The root meaning of cated public speaker. Too many of us English- the word translated sound is healthy.) "Don©t speaking people are like rich men who suffer get into the habit of using unhealthy, sickly, because, as they say, "We have never learned meaningless words, but be sure to choose words to spend." that are strong, vital, meaningful." In similar vein, Counsels to Teachers advises Exactness Should Be Our Goal "the workman for God": "Common, cheap ex The disease is malignant. Its symptoms are pressions should be replaced by sound, pure gross. Is there a remedy? Most certainly the words." Page 238. Fellow preacher, have you remedy does not lie in merely adding words to taken this advice ? How is your working vocab our vocabulary, for their own sake. There is ulary ? no virtue in "ornamenting" our diction with ob Man is or should be a thinking creature. scure, high-sounding, polysyllabic words. The Words are© his chief means of expressing bootblack who advertised, "Pedal integuments thought. "Language is the Rubicon that divides© brilliantly illuminated and exquisitely deco man from the beast." For a man to express him rated for the infinitesimally small sum of five self freely and accurately in his native tongue cents" achieved nothing in clarity or precision is perhaps the surest proof of his, culture. More he was merely ridiculous. Such diction is over, extent and accuracy of vocabulary to worse than useless it only obscures meaning. gether constitute one of the most frequent Our task is to use the right word in the right accompaniments of outstanding professional place to express the intended meaning. Exact success. Long ago the Human Engineering ness should be our goal. How can we accom Laboratories found that "an extensive knowl plish this task? edge of the exact meanings of English words Our vocabularies may be said to include four accompanies outstanding success in this coun classes: (i) words that are at our tongue©s end try [U.S.A.] more often than any other single words that we really know; (2) words that characteristic which . . . [they] have been able we use only when we want to put our best foot to isolate and measure." forward; (3) words that we use in writing and Despite the truth of these generalizations and not in speaking; and (4) words that we recog experimental findings, the usable vocabulary of nize at hearing or in reading, but do not use. many of us is shockingly meager. We are like Our task is to raise each classification to the the schoolboy whose vocabulary consisted of a level- above it. That is, we should be continually few dozen verbs, several nouns, three or four raising the words that we use only when we adjectives, several interjections, and enough want to appear at our best, into the classifica prepositions and conjunctions to stick the mass tion of words that come to mind instantly in (or mess!) together. Disraeli, in one of his the needs of everyday life. We should con especially ironical moments, is said to have re stantly endeavor to raise words that we use marked that the range of English vocabulary only in writing into the classification of words is decidedly limited, consisting, as far as he that we use when we wish to put our best foot could observe, of four words, nice, jolly, charm forward. And we should be vigorous in our at ing, and bore, with the possible addition of tempt to raise all the words that we recognize, The, Ministry, January, 1949 Page 7 but do not use, into the classification of our thought-provoking locution; and study the new written vocabulary. Such a process means con words with a view to adding them to your word tinual enrichment of vocabulary, provided, of list. course, that we are constantly adding to our 6. Employ a conscious system for vocabulary vocabulary of recognition. development. There are many available. John G. Seven Workable Suggestions Gilmartin©s Building Your Vocabulary (Pren How can this be accomplished? How can we tice-Hall), S. Stephenson Smith©s How to Dou increase our vocabularies? Here are a few ble Your Vocabulary (Crowell), and Edward workable suggestions: J. Kilduff and J. Harold Janis, Vocabulary Builder Packet (Crofts) are typical and alike 1. Take an inventory of your own vocabu usable. lary assets by means of one of the standard vo cabulary tests. Any progressive English teacher 7. Finally, follow such a simple habit as in academy or high school, college or univer this: When you meet a new word worthy of sity, can recommend such a test. The results acquisition, study it thoroughly in the diction will give you a basis for building your vocabu ary. Write several sentences in which it is lary. Diagnosis is the first step in treating any used correctly. Speak aloud (to yourself alone) disease. several sentences including it. Then consciously frame a sentence employing the word, and speak 2. Make lists of words that you abuse by the sentence in a normal speaking situation, as vague or meaningless use, and explore books of at the table, in the office, in a sermon, to your synonyms for more exact means of expressing wife, to the family circle, et cetera. Do not tell your ideas. For instance, don©t always say the auditor that you are practicing on him. At walk, when you mean plod, trudge, stride, stalk, this stage you will probably feel something of tramp, march, pace, toddle, waddle, shuffle, the glow of personal contentment that is one of mince, stroll, meander, limp, saunter, tread, life©s greatest satisfactions. Repeat this con ramble, promenade, prowl, hobble, or perambu scious use of the word several times under late. Find more exact words to replace such a varying circumstances, and you will probably worn-out word as good; e.g., a good day may be almost startled to discover that suddenly the be enjoyable in general; or profitable, if I have new word will rush to your need: you will find business to transact; or successful, if I have a yourself, almost unconsciously, using it in the series of examinations; or sunshiny, if I wish normal speaking situation. to go on a picnic; or snowy, if I wish to go "A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in skiing; or rainy, if my crops are drying. pictures of silver." Prov. 25:11. Are you, fel Books of synonyms by Roget, Fernald, Smith, low preacher, learning to "hold fast the form of Soule, et al, are available for such study. I es sound words"? May it be said of Seventh-day pecially recommend Hartrampfs Vocabularies Adventist ministers and laymen, as. of the dis (Grosset and Dunlap). In my opinion a copy of ciples at Pentecost: "From this time forth the Hartrampf should be on every minister©s desk, language of the disciples was pure, simple, and and should be employed daily in sermon prep accurate whether they spoke in their native aration and general study. tongue or in a foreign language." ELLEN G. 3. Make lists of trite phrases and find more WHITE, The Acts of the Apostles, p. 40. (Ital exact ways of couching your ideas. Kill such ics mine.) threadbare expressions as are included in these * * * sentences: "Last but not least, we have in our midst one who will favor us with a special se KEEPS IN TOUCH. "You keep us in touch with the lection." "A goodly number of the fair sex, field in a very fine manner. I know in our conference seeing that the psychological moment had come, the young men as well as the older men look forward with a great anticipation from month to month to the began talking along these lines." Of course, arrival of THE MINISTRY." CARL SUNDIN, Presi vital thinking will deliver one from the demon dent, Missouri Conference. of triteness, for vital thinking requires vital BEST OUT. "THE MINISTRY magazine is the best language; vital thinking abhors moss-covered that is out today." WILLIAM D. SUMMERS, Colpor diction. Triteness is open evidence of foggy teur, Belleville, Illinois. thinking or downright mental laziness. UNIFYING FACTORS. "THE MINISTRY is doing 4. Listen discriminatingly to the best preach wonders in unifying our evangelism. It is excellent ers and public lecturers that you can find in that we as ministers have a place where we can ex change ideas and methods, rather than each for his the pulpit, on the platform, and over the air own. It is building a more effectual ministry." ROB and record words used with special care or un ERT L. OSMUNSON, Teacher, Union College Academy. familiar significance, unknown words, challeng RECEIVED WITH JOY. "Every copy of THE MIN ing words. Then daily study these words in a ISTRY is received with joy by my wife and me. Its standard unabridged dictionary. high standard is inspiring, and I find it a great help in my lay-preaching work for . I endeavor to 5. Read the best writers classic and con make its high principles the background of my ser temporary and, as above, note their choice of mons and talks." E. G. WOOD, Lay Preacher, New- the exact word, the pungent phrase, the castle-on-Tyne, England. - Page 8 The Ministry, January, 1949 THE REALM Of RESEARCH Historical, Archaeological, and Scientific Findings

How Long Is 'Three Days"?—No. 1

By JULIA NEUFFER, Research Assistant, Review and Herald P^^blishing Association

QUESTION of arithmetic arose in the SUPPOSED CONTRADICTIONS EXPLAINED. classroom when a student thought he de Readers of THE MINISTRY may recall the 1941 A tected a mistake in the charts which were article of Edwin R. Thiele x explaining three being given out. Why did the diagram of supposed "contradictions" in the Bible. the fifty days between Passover and Pentecost (1) Daniel©s capture by "King" Nebuchad place the wave sheaf on the first day and Pente nezzar in the third year of Jehoiakim, although cost on the fiftieth, with an interval of only the first year of Nebuchadnezzar was the fourth forty-nine days between? Should it not be fifty f year of Jehoiakim. (Dan. I :i; Jer. 25:1.) The teacher©s reply was that the time was (2) Daniel©s three years' training after his reckoned inclusively, embracing both the first capture and his being numbered already among and the last day of the series, according to the the wise men in the second year of Nebuchad Biblical custom. He further remarked on the nezzar. (Dan. i :i-6, 18, 19; 2:1, 12,. 13.) fact that this mode of reckoning furnishes the (3) The fall of Samaria "at the end of three best answer to the fallacy of the Wednesday years" counted from "the fourth year of King crucifixion theory, or any other attempt to put Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Ho- three full days, according- to our modern idea, shea," to "the sixth year of Hezekiah, that is between the crucifixion and the resurrection. the ninth year of Hoshea." 2 Kings 18 :g, 10. It might therefore be interesting to investigate The solution of these apparent contradictions, some curious Biblical and historical examples as readers of that article may remember, in which might seem to us arithmetical errors. volved the use of inclusive reckoning that is, counting both the first and the last of the series. THE WRITER©S MEANING. When an ancient Let us postpone for the present the two Daniel writer uses a term, his meaning obviously de problems, and note that the three-year siege of pends not on what the word denotes to the pres Samaria is explained thus by Dr. Thiele: ent reader but on what the writer himself meant by it; and that is determined by the meaning Hezekiah©s year 4 Hezekiah©s year 5 Hezekiah©s year 6 in common usage at that time and place. To il (Hoshea©s year 7) (Hoshea©s year 8) < Hoshea©s year 9) lustrate : One must not read into the expression "Lord©s day" (Rev. I :io) the later meaning of i year 2 years 3 years "," which had not yet arisen in John©s Although the Biblical reckoning is three time. It is clear that what meant by "after years (for the siege extended over at least por three days" was not what those words now tions of three regnal years), the modern com mean in common usage. For if the record did putation would be only two years, subtracting not clearly state that Jesus died on the prepara seven from nine or four from six. tion day, the present-day reader would follow It is interesting to note here that the Hoshea- the simple and seemingly obvious procedure of Hezekiah-Shalmaneser synchronism seems to subtracting three days from Sunday, and thus have led, in Moffatt©s translation of the Bible, arrive at the wrong day for the crucifixion. to an attempted correction which became a con We must count, then, by the writer©s usage, tradiction. The time of the siege is rendered not our own. We are too much inclined to take "three years" in 2 Kings 17:5, but changed to it for granted that ours is the only correct "two years" in 2 Kings 18:10, evidently be method. It is true that we expect words and ex cause the intervals in chapter 18 made three pressions to differ in various languages, but we years look erroneous to the modern reader. are likely to assume that numbers need no translation that "three years" means the same OTHER EXAMPLES. The inclusive count is time interval in any language. This is not al used elsewhere in the Bible, for example, the ways true. "Three days" or "three years" in the circumcision of a child when he is "eight days" Bible may not be reckoned as the modern West old, or "on the eighth day" (Gen. 17:12; Lev. ern reader would count them. Even today "five 12:3; Luke 1:59; 2:21); Joseph©s putting his years old" does not mean the same in China as brothers into prison "three days" and releasing in America, as will be seen in part 3. them on "the third day" (Gen. 42:17-20) ; also The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 9 the passages referring to the crucifixion and Clarke©s Commentary and Home©s Introduction the resurrection showing that "after three offer examples of the Biblical method of count days," "in three days," and "on the third day" ing an incomplete or current day or year for may mean the same, as will be seen later. Ob the whole, citing Jewish rabbinical usage." viously "after three days" is equivalent to "on Modern authorities also recognize the Bibli the third day" only if the three days are taken cal use of this inclusive method. A. well-known inclusively; otherwise "after three days" would Bible dictionary says: "It must be also noted be on the fourth day. In Bible times the method that reckoning in old times was inclusive. Thus of reckoning both ends of a series seems to ©three years after© (Gal. I :i8) means ©in the have been generally taken for granted in com third year after© (cf. Ac[ts] 19:8, 10, with 20: mon computation; it was also employed in 31) ; ©three days and three nights© M[at]t. 12 -.40 other countries of the ancient world, and, for means ©from today to the day after tomorrow© that matter, is found in some quarters today. (M[at]t. 17:23). Cf. also G[e]n. 42:17 f-" 6 MODERN REMNANTS. When the early Chris NOAH©S AGE. Another interesting usage in tian chronicler Africanus, as cited by Eusebius, the Bible is the manner of counting age as if reckoned the seventy weeks as 490 years in the last incomplete year had been already com clusively, he was evidently following a com pleted. Just as a king whose reign ended in his mon custom of his time.7 But when Sir Isaac eleventh year could be said to have reigned Newton did likewise, ending that prophetic pe eleven years,2 and just as a child was reckoned riod in the 4goth year, six months before the eight days old on the eighth day, so Noah was end of it, it must be supposed that he was con considered six hundred years old (literally sciously employing an ancient method in deal "son of six hundred years"), when the Flood ing with Biblical material,8 for he himself knew came, yet a later verse speaks of the second that an interval of exactly 490 years could not month of his six hundredth year. (Gen. 7:6, end before the completion of the 4goth year. n.) Thus the Bible counts Noah six hundred Yet traces of inclusive usage still remain. years old in his sixth hundredth year rather Some are derived from Biblical sources, for ex than after the completion of it. ample : The "fifty days" from the waving of the This is unlike our modern Western way. We sheaf (on the i6th of Nisan) to Pentecost sur consider that a child is not one year old until vive in the seven weeks, or forty-nine days the end of his first year, but that as soon as his from Easter Sunday to Whitsunday. The "oc first birthday is past he is then in his second taves" of Catholic festivals always occur one year. (See diagram.) week after the festival. In secular usage also, the musical octaves, as well as the intervals of | 1946 | 1947 1948 1949 | a third, fifth, and the like, are inclusive. Web ster©s unabridged dictionary furnishes these ex amples and others such as "penteteric" (Greek, "of five years"), coming at intervals of four Day of First Second Third Birth Birthday Birthday - Birthday years, and "tertian fever" (Latin tertius "third") as involving chills occurring "every INCLUSIVE RECKONING RECOGNIZED. other day." Through the centuries the inclusive method of This inclusive method of counting, so well counting, although not always known by that attested in Old and New Testament usage, will name, has been taken into account repeatedly be found to be a key, as Dr. Thiele has pointed by theological writers to explain the Biblical out, to the problems of Daniel I and 2. usage. In 1659 Bishop Pearson published an ex To be continued in February position of the Apostles© Creed which has been 1 "Solving the Problems of Daniel i," The Ministry, reprinted in numerous editions since. In the August, 1941, pp. 7, 8, 47; September, 1941, p. 18. (See also 2 Kings 18:9, 10; Dan. 1:1-6,18-20; 2:1, section on the fifth article of the creed he ex 13 : Jer. 25 :i.) plains the "three days and three nights" as 2 2 Kings 24:18; 25:2-7. Regnal reckoning will be merely another way of saying "three days," discussed in parts 2 and 3. citing the Hebrew "evening and morning" and 3 John Pearson, An Exposition of the Creed (sth ed.; , 1683), pp. 260-263. the Greek nuchthemeron (night and day) for * A New Analysis of Chronology (2d ed.; London, "day." He cites circumcision on-the eighth day, 1830), Vol. I, pp. 20-22. Pentecost as the fiftieth day, and other texts, to 5 Adam Clarke, The Holy Bible . . . With a Com mentary, comment on Matt. 12:40; Thomas Hartwell show that the three days are reckoned by count Home, An Introduction to . . . the Holy Scriptures ing the first and third. For this usage he ad 5th ed.; London, 1825), vol. 3, pp. 174-176. duces the Hebrew and Greek languages and 6 A. J. Maclean, "Chronology of the New Testa cites Jerome, Augustine, and others.8 ment," Hastings© Dictionary of the Bible (New York; 1924), p. 133. William Hales (1809), citing Noah©s age 7 Eusebius Pamphili, The Proof of the Gospel, trans and other examples, distinguishes between the lated by W. J. Ferrar (London, 1920), vol. 2, p. 125. modern and ancient reckonings as counting by s Isaac Newton, Observations Upon the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John (London, "complete" and "current" years, respectively,* !733), PP. 130-132. (Similarly, for other prophetic pe and this terminology is used also by others. riods, pp. 305, 307.) Page 10 The Ministry, January, 1949 THE MINISTER IN THE MAKING Practical Training Plans and Methods for Theological Students

Twelve Modern Avenues of Evangelism

TT IS a tragic experience for a young man to looking forward to some type of missionary -1- dedicate his life to public evangelism and activity be enabled to choose -intelligently the then, for any one of several reasons, be unable vocation best suited to his or her natural abili to enter this noble profession. But there are at ties and opportunity for training. In order to least a dozen related avenues of labor which he avoid disappointments both to the individual might well consider, and still be serving the and to the employing organization, certain cau Master in an acceptable manner. In answer to tions are uttered. We offer these articles with a deeply felt need for practical guidance on the a prayer that this guidance will present a ring part of prospective ministerial students and ing challenge which will incite enthusiasm and workers, both in our colleges and in the field, bring out the best in the young people who the Ministerial Association . is presenting read. We believe that our young men and through THE MINISTRY a survey of twelve women in training will be eager to receive and fields of denominational, semidenominational, thoughtfully weigh this counsel. and lay missionary activity. Specialists in vari Elder Skinner leads the procession with his ous fields of soul-winning endeavor share with article on youth evangelism. Other avenues to our readers intensely practical discussions on be covered in forthcoming numbers are pas their specialized fields of interest, outlining the toral evangelism, radio evangelism, medical opportunities and the requirements involved. evangelism, singing evangelism, literature Twelve phases, or kinds, of evangelism will evangelism, missions evangelism, press evange be covered by twelve different writers. Thus lism, lay evangelism, and personal evangelism will the young man or young woman who is (Bible work). G. E. VANDEMAN.

Reaching the Hearts of Youth By LAWRENCE A. SKINNER, Associate Secretary of the M.V. Department

A LECTURER was speaking before an au- Yes, how much like tall, unused candles are jTy^dience of parents and children, and placed the youth in our churches. Their life expect various-sized candles on the table before ancy makes them so very valuable. They are him. Some were short, some long, some partly making decisions which determine destiny. burned down, some had never been used. They are candidates to follow the leader who "These candles represent the various members offers the most attractive and permanent future. of the family," said the speaker, "from the tiny Their courageous, daring spirit is undaunted newborn child to the oldest grandfather. Can before obstacles or opposition. When conse any of you guess who is represented by this crated to God their exclusively youthful quali very short candle?" ties produce sturdy soldiers for Christ. What a "I know," volunteered a girl near the front, privilege it is to enlist and train these potential "that is the baby of the family." warriors for God. "No," replied the lecturer, "try again." After Jesus gave many evidences of His love for, some another voice was heard. "That©s and confidence in, young people and children my grandmother. She©s ninety-one years old." when He sojourned upon earth. Speaking of the "What makes you think this short candle rich young ruler, the record says, "He loved represents your grandmother?" him." He chose several in early life to be "Because she©s almost all burned out." among His disciples. Paul chose Timothy, when "Right!" beamed the lecturer. "Now who can he was a mere youth, to be a teacher. be represented by this tall candle which is ab solutely new?" "The Lord has appointed the youth to be His help ing hand." Testimonies, vol. 7, p. 64. "That must be my new baby brother Tim. "He [Satan] well knows that there is no other class He was born last Sunday. He hasn©t begun to that can do as much good as young men and young shine yet." women who are consecrated to God. The youth, if The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 11 right, could sway a mighty influence."—Messages to should culminate in decisions for Christ and Young People, p. 204. into the church. Recognizing the high estimate Heaven places There is another area in which to direct on youth, we should realize how imperative it evangelism, and that is the thousands of youth is that faith in Christ be made practical and at who live in our cities and villages apart from tractive to them. A church which fails to hold the Seventh-day Adventist church. Some at its youth should be deeply concerned. Although tend the regular evangelistic meetings; some thousands of our sons and daughters are ac come in through radio and Bible correspon cepting Christ and adding their strength to the dence schools; but rich fruitage would surely church, too many are unresponsive to the spir result through public meetings promoted and itual appeal. According to surveys in various advertised for the avowed purpose of attracting areas in , from four to six out young people. Surely God has His thousands of every ten young people whose parent or par of earnest youth who will hear the message ents are church members, either never accept and dedicate their talents to the Advent Move Christ, or withdraw during these destiny-deter ment. The flourishing "Share Your Faith" cru mining days. sade is developing a legion of experienced per The elder of a church of 289 members was sonal workers to unite with a man of God asked how many young people he had. He re whose heart is stirred to evangelize the great plied, "Not enough to conduct a Missionary masses of youth. Volunteer Society." When an actual survey was 2. COUNSELING OF YOUTH. To maintain the made 229 youths, ages six to twenty-five, were ideals and principles set forth in the Bible, and discovered. The churches officers were amazed befriend youth leads to counseling. Too often at the findings and an intense program was ini young people are misjudged by the attitudes tiated. Statistics prove that two young people they assume when at heart they are seriously are connected with the families of the church facing sober issues and are desirous of guid for every three church members. ance. Those who have ministered in our acade Every minister, no matter what his responsi mies and colleges know of the demand there is bilities, would be a stronger minister if he for counsel. Men and women should prepare were prepared to work successfully with and for this field specifically. It combines very well for youth. Pastors, administrators, treasurers, with public work. There should be a happy teachers, chaplains, medical workers, depart medium between the confessional of the Catho ment leaders, and evangelists either attract lic Church and the ultramodern psychoanalysis youth and inspire them in Christian service, or technique. Youth have some snarls to untangle, are shunned by youth and thus are crippled in some puzzles to solve; and it is often the un their ministry. prejudiced, consecrated counselor who brings What are the qualities possessed by men who light out of darkness. are dealing successfully with youth? First, a 3. PASTORING OF YOUTH. During the last God-given love for young people and children. few years some of our larger Adventist com Second, a sincere and fervent fellowship with munities have secured the services of an assist Christ, including personal victory over sin. ant pastor. Usually this is a young man, and Third, a strong, buoyant, cheerful, inspiring his duties have included the fostering of the personality. Fourth, a patient and sympathetic young people©s work. There are great possibil understanding of youth and their struggles. ities in this field. Thus the Missionary Volun Fifth, freedom from extremes. Sixth, physical teer Society has the sponsorship of a young fitness, mental alertness, a knowledge of a va minister whose expert skill can keep the craft riety of skills. Seventh, a natural and developed afloat through many a rough sea. This youth friendliness and sociability. Eighth, carefulness pastor can guide and contribute to the success in dress and speech. Ninth, a habitual unselfish of the social and recreational activities of the ness. Tenth, a style in personal conversation youth in the area. Furthermore, there are won and public ministry which appeals to young derful opportunities for carrying on evangelism people. There are five distinct fields of youth in surrounding communities, training and di endeavor to which the eyes of prospective recting the young people as assistants. This op workers may be turned. portunity as pastor of youth becomes a most i. EVANGELISM FOR YOUTH. The Mission favorable background for broader fields of ary Volunteer secretary is, or should be, essen youth leadership in the future. tially a youth evangelist. His objective is to win 4. JUNIOR YOUTH LEADERSHIP. Here is a and train all the sons and daughters of the specialized field of endeavor that is assuming church in the service for Christ. The late Elder larger proportions. Early adolescence is not Montgomery said, "There is no more fruitful only the time of restless activity but also the field than the young people in Seventh-day Ad- golden hour of decision for Christ. Statistics ventist homes. The most fruitful field I know reveal that among Seventh-day Adventists of in all the wide, wide world is among our more baptisms occur at the age of twelve than own young people in our churches." Special at any other point in the development of youth. devotional weeks in our schools and churches The successful worker for this age must know Page 12 The Ministry, January, 1949 how to lead boys and girls to Christ, and at the their witness to the truth, which will be borne in sim plicity, yet with spirit and power." Counsels to same time have an exhaustless supply of proj Teachers, p. 166. ects and plans. These must be presented with "Many a lad of today, growing up as did Daniel in enthusiasm- and changed briskly when neces his Judean home, studying God©s word and His works, sary so as to keep active minds tied to his lead and learning the lessons of faithful service, will yet stand in legislative assemblies, in halls of justice, or in ership. royal courts, as a witness for the King of Icings." The Master Comrade training contributes Education, p. 262. much to the preparation for child evangelism. What a privilege to be instrumental under Camp meeting is a challenge to junior youth God in preparing young lives to bear, their leadership. Men and women who are alert and final witness in the great controversy. aggressive find this a fruitful season among junior youth. The summer training camp pro gram of Missionary Volunteers is now twenty- two years old, and gratifying results are being obtained. Camping is here to stay, but we have With Your Association Secretaries not sounded the extent of its possibilities for Headquarters Staff and Overseas Divisions good. Leaders are needed who will push back the horizons thus far accepted, and discover new frontiers of achievement in these summer With Your Headquarters Staff camping periods. Now another area is opening to the junior C. Miss LOUISE C. KLEUSER has recently con youth leader. It is the year-round activity pro cluded a four-day Bible instructors field school, gram for junior boys and girls. Other organi or institute, in Loma Linda, California, for all zations have fostered these weekly meetings for the Bible instructors of the Southern and years. Civilization in its progress seems to pro Southeastern California conferences. Visitors vide the children with more leisure time. Paren brought the attendance to fifty. A similar school tal control and guidance seem to be waning. followed at Berkeley, California, for the Bible Into this breach comes a church-centered activ instructors of the Northern and Central Cali ity program for junior youth. This plan supple fornia conferences. Visits at La Sierra and Pa ments the J.M.V. Society of the church school cific Union colleges were also made in the by affording opportunity for hikes, swims, interest of Bible instructor training. A fuller overnight camping, special events, excursions, report, with the schedule and scope of these crafts, hobbies and M.V. classes in a setting of schools, will appear shortly. uniform voluntary enlistment, ceremony, and ritual. Leadership for this new enterprise must C. GEORGE E. VANDEMAN is in the midst of a be creative and enterprising. When this project metropolitan evangelistic effort combined with is underway and properly staffed in hundreds an-evangelistic field school for fourteen associ of our church communities, another cord will ated workers in the Carnegie Music Hall at be woven, binding the youth to the church. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ben Glanzer has been loaned by the Voice of Prophecy as min 5. LEADERSHIP OF LAYMEN. Standing nobly ister of music. In spite of adverse weather, in leadership responsibility are many laymen. there has been a fine attendance and deepening These are men and women with talent and interest. The growing week-night crowds have training who carry on their daily work and de been especially gratifying. This too will be duly vote many hours a month to the interests of the reported. A college Week of Prayer was youth organization. Many of these gallant lead squeezed in simultaneously during the opening ers regret that they did not secure additional week of his effort. training while in the academy or college so they could increase their contribution to the C. MELVIN K. -ECKENROTH taught evangelism church. in the fall quarter at the Seminary. As prac We as ministers may well suggest to Chris tical field-work extension he conducted Sunday tian businessmen, housewives, craftsmen, night meetings at the Seventh-day Adventist tradesmen, salesmen, and teachers that they church at Frederick, Maryland (forty-five miles dedicate some time each week to youth leader from Washington). Members of his seminary ship. To those now in preparation may we sug class were participants, and the homiletics class gest that while you are following the training from Washington Missionary College also vis in your specialty, you take time and thought to ited certain Sunday night meetings. There was prepare for youth leadership, either iunior or a radio broadcast each Sunday afternoon. This senior. There is a premium on good leaders. will likewise be written up shortly. A college The demand far exceeds the supply. Divine pre Week of Prayer was another responsibility for dictions point to an important role on the part Brother Eckenroth. A field trip to Inter-Amer of youth in the final scenes of the drama of the ica for ministerial institutes is planned for De ages. Note these statements: cember. "In the closing scenes of this earth©s history, many C. THE senior members of the association of these children and youth will astonish people by team, R. A. Anderson and L. E. Froom, re- The Ministry, January, 1949 Page jf? turned to the office from the Denver Autumn their homes. Since conference executives co Council, and are combining intensive book operate in suggesting the itinerary, a letter writing and teaching in a busy schedule. Both from the president to the local district leader are giving their special courses at the Seminary tends to stabilize the program with all con this winter. Brief field trips will also be taken cerned. by each. To make the most profitable contacts for the time spent in this work, our bookmobile opera C. PLANNING a strong line-up for THE MIN tors make appointments with each member or ISTRY magazine for 1949, and the recent launch family head for a convenient time of meeting. ing of the 1949 Ministerial Reading Course On arriving at the home, the operator invites have added to the autumnal responsibilities. the potential customer to the salesroom in the The Reading Course, incidentally, is off to an bookmobile. auspicious start. (Most of the divisions do not It is the privilege of the folks who operate launch their distribution for the 1949 course this unit to bring our literature to the attention until June of this year, so as to give time for of our members from a spiritual angle. This the books to reach the overseas fields.) THE method of sales work is highly desirable. For MINISTRY has the finest lot of articles for 1949 instance, take into consideration this past month in its stockpile in its history. The college theo in the Ohio Conference. During the month our logical student clubs now coming in surpass all operator in Ohio called on many homes not previous years© records. Mrs. Mable Towery, previously contacted by a worker for some time. office editor, will have a word on that and on He cond©ucted fourteen meetings in several the recent questionnaire in a forthcoming num churches. He prayed with and talked to mem ber. bers in their homes. Classes were held in vari ous churches, and home missionary projects were launched. While in any given locality, he has the opportunity to conduct Bible study Literature Evangelism training classes, health classes, and cooking "The Right Arm of Our Strength" demonstrations. This is all in addition to the eventual good to come as a result of placing our literature in Seventh-day Adventist homes. Thus this work not only eliminates objection Bookmobile as a Spiritual Factor able sales on the but also brings in these coordinating features at the same time. By CHARLES H. BOYTS, Book and In the quiet of this little display room, with Bible House Manager, Ohio the blessing of God, our people are being con tacted each day. This well-organized plan to "C VERY promoter of our message-filled litera- bring our literature to the very doorsteps, of our ©-© ture is anxious to find a way to protect our constituents, combined with the favorable at churches from desecrating the Sabbath through mosphere and surroundings, is most satisfying. commercialized ventures and actual sales on Surely it is a pleasing and profitable manner that day. One of the best means of reaching our to distribute our literature to our own people. membership with our literature is through a well-organized traveling bookmobile. The bookmobile is really a display center and living quarters for a brother and his wife who call on our membership, going from home to

IV. Origin of the Bible Work Bible Readings by Land and Sea

HE year 1883 was of great significance in the years, related how they would place our the history of our Bible work. This tracts and periodicals in well-corked bottles, T "heaven-born idea" was rapidly demon and then commit them to the sea with an ear strating its divine origin. In the Signs of July nest prayer that the right person would find the 17, 1883, we read of another development in container with its precious message. And what our work the opening of ship and city mis else might be expected from such faith but some sions. very thrilling accounts? Often an indifferent or SAN FRANCISCO. This project was launched lonely seaman would pick up one of these bot in San Francisco with the objective of reach tles on some distant shore. Some hoped that the ing the seafaring. Ship and city missions flask might contain spirituous liquor, to be sal sprang up and developed about the same time, vaged from the cargo of a ship-wrecked vessel. and their interests were tied together. Con Instead they discovered the stimulating third nected with our San Francisco mission was a angel©s message, which was saving men from Sunday school, and here, the giving of B.ible becoming spiritual shipwrecks. readings to non-Adventists ©became the chief These ship missionaries, at the turn of the order of the day. Preaching services and prayer century, were not too far remote from the era meetings too were featured in these ship©mis of the whaling days of New England. These sions. . brethren could also tell their missionary tales BOSTON. Within a few months .from the with the salty gusto of the New Bedford opening of the San Francisco mission a young whaler. Our Greater New York believers never worker reported missionary work in Boston tired of listening to their "harbor mission" re Harbor. He had given a three-hour Bible read ports, arid many a layman was enlisted to help. ing to an interested Norwegian then in port. They were truly Bible instructors, and the This young worker enthusiastically recom Bible reading method was their specialty. mended the plan. Connected with the Boston HAMBURG AND BERLIN. J. Christianson, mission in 1885 were A. T. Robinson and J. R. who was formerly connected with the opening Israel, with C. W. Priest as the "ship mission of our work on the island of Pitcairn, was ary." The records reveal that our workers were called in 1899 as head of the Hamburg Ship kept busy with the interest developed at the Mission. From this great European port in mission. The mission had a reading room, with Germany our work on the began to an adjoining lecture room. Provision was made spread and make wonderful progress. It was the for literature distribution, and there was room colporteur Bible work plan that speedily made for storage purposes. its influence felt in thousands of homes in many NEW YORK CITY. Before leaving this inter parts of Europe. Brother Christianson was then esting ship-missionary development in Amer assisted by Brother von Fintel, an experienced ica, which so definitely embraced the Bible seaman. The Christiansons later retired in Frie- reading idea, I desire to pay tribute to a line densau, where the tent equipment of the local of rugged missionary workers whose services conference was stored. In more recent years in New York City laid a good foundation for Brother Christianson became better known as the fast-developing Adventism of later decades. the "mender of tents," and made many a new I became well acquainted with the results of the tent for evangelistic use. work of Captain J. J. Johnson and J. F. Han- It was through the activities of the colporteur son. If the little missionary boat that plied New Bible instructor that the third angel©s message York©s harbor for many years during the early entered the royal palace in Berlin. One of our decades of the present century could tell its faithful sisters, a member of the Berlin church, nautical tales, and reveal information regarding directed the work of the maids in the royal the hundreds of contacts it made with sailors palace. This Sister Dieben, who later became and seamen from all parts of the world, the Mrs. Christianson, nobly witnessed for the mes glamor of our ship missions would not soon sage in the Kaiser©s palace. She frequently men fade from our memory. tioned our work to the late Kaiser, and found These brethren, with hair, then whitened with a most interested student of prophecy in Crown The Ministry, January, 1949 Prince Frederick. The crown prince at times Elder Haskell was asked to open up the work in Lon don. He selected three Bible workers to go with him: met one of our colporteurs in the royal garden Hetty Hurd, of California, Helen McKinnon, of for the chief purpose of discussing fulfilling Michigan, and Jennie Owen, of Chicago, Illinois. In prophecy. And of course this occasion would the spring of 1887 we began our work in London. The become a Bible reading! Lord blessed the work and a number of companies were raised up in London and its suburbs. OTHER OVERSEAS MISSIONS. We would fail "A Mrs. Roskrug accepted the message and joined our Bible reading class. The next year she returned in completing this report on ship missions if to her home in the West Indies and did a good self- we did not mention the courageous pioneer supporting work, and soon organized a . work of F. A. Stahl and his noble associates in Thus the Bible work started on its way around the world. The tiny seed has grown to a mighty tree. Its the Amazon region. A number of the present spreading branches are producing fruit in many centers of our work in South America were lands." originally ship missions, and the history of our work on other witnesses to this same NEW ENGLAND. In connection with the city method. Our Australasian work is largely one missions in Boston, Worcester, and New Bed of ship missions, and in our postwar planning ford, Massachusetts; and other New England even more extensive plans are laid for the fu cities, one of our most outstanding Bible in ture. Giving Bible readings is not only a ship- structors of the eighties, Mrs. Loretta Viola mission method but a pronounced feature of all Robinson, of the Farnsworth stock in Washing our pioneer missionary endeavor. ton, , wife of Asa T. Robinson, made her womanly contribution to our earlier Early City Missions city Bible work. Others, too, might be men We cannot here enter into a detailed discus tioned in this connection, but Mrs. Robinson, sion of our city missions. The noble work of without doubt, was one who set the distinctive such men as Dr. David Paulson became the out pattern of the future Bible instructor. standing feature of this era of our work in Chi Loretta Farnsworth Robinson was a woman cago. Our Scandinavian brethren made their of principle. She is mentioned on page 181 of special contribution. In these important days we Life Sketches as pne of the thirteen children tried to reach all classes, and would certainly who rose in consecration at the meeting held not overlook the downcast! But wisely the Spirit by James White and J. N. Andrews in Wash of prophecy kept guiding us toward the higher ington, New Hampshire. She was then ten classes, and so city missions within another years of age. Loretta Farnsworth was married decade or two began to grow into better or to Asa T. Robinson in 1876. She became the ganized and more dignified evangelistic centers mother of three children, Erban, Dores, and in which our Bible instructors made a distinc Gladys. tive contribution. It pays for us to look back occasionally, to CHICAGO. Because our Chicago City Mis see what our earlier workers passed through in sion work was so instrumental in developing their determination to spread this truth every Bible instructors for other fields of the world, where. Bible work in those days was not so as well as America, we will let Jennie Owen well organized as it is today, and neither were McClelland relate some experiences in connec workers© salaries stabilized. tion with this mission from memory. Mrs. Mc Dores Robinson recently related an experi Clelland featured the early Bible work in a ence of the family in Westerly, . series of Youth's Instructor articles, March 25 A. T. Robinson, who was working for a lumber to June 10, 1947. A recent article which she man in Westerly, and considering entering the sent to the General Conference throws more colporteur work, was ill for some time, and the light on the Chicago City Mission. family faced their last morsel of food. Right in this crisis the landlady, knowing that Mrs. "In 1884 Elder G. B. Starr opened the Chicago City Mission. This was a new venture, and Brother and Robinson was a good seamstress, and desirous Sister Starr did not know just how it should be con of having an urgent piece of sewing attended ducted. They began by distributing tracts. to immediately, provided enough work to tide "One day Elder Starr learned that Sister White them over their want. She suggested that since was to pass through the city, and would have to wait an hour between trains. He decided to go to the sta they had already kept their Sunday on Satur tion and ask her if she had any light as to how the day, Mrs. Robinson might not mind doing this work should be conducted in Chicago. She said, ©Yes, emergency work on the first day of the week. take the Bible and go to the homes of the people.© "They turned to the Bible Reading Gazette, but This experience greatly strengthened Mrs. found die readings far too long, so they prepared a Robinson©s faith and laid a firm foundation for small book called Helps to Bible Study, for the use of later tests which had to be met in their city- the workers. mission experiences. "I entered the Chicago Mission in the summer of 1885. As I remember it, there were five workers be The Robinsons pioneered city mission work side Elder and Mrs. Starr. The next summer Elder in Worcester, Boston, New Bedford, and Starr attended a number of camp meetings, and sev Brooklyn. Ill-health did not swerve Loretta eral conferences sent young ladies to learn to give Bible readings, so they.could help start city missions Robinson from duty as a Bible instructor. Up like the one in Chicago. to the time of her death in 1933 she taught the LONDON. "At the General Conference of 1886 Bible. It was as natural for her to do this as to Page 16 The Ministry, January, 1949 live, and those who knew her well declare her unbroken succession in the matter of church to have been one of the denomination©s ablest organization before the Reformation. At that Bible instructors. time a number forsook Sunday observance and accepted the seventh day as the Sabbath. NEW YORK CITY. New York City was one Among early advocates of the seventh day of the first in the development of our city mis were John Trask, Theophilus Brabourne, Philip sions, and a location on Broadway was selected Tandy, and James Ockford. No regular as the center of our work in that metropolis. churches were organized until about 1650 be In the Review of August 5, 1884, we read that cause of oppression. Within fifty years of that this center had its reading room with adjoining date there were eleven Sabbatarian churches in lecture room. Everything about the place England, besides many scattered Sabbathkeep- showed neatness and promised results. Here ers. Eight of these churches are now extinct. many Bible-reading contacts were made, and From an early period it was the practice of the plan was soon functioning well in a city the Sabbatarian preachers and pastors to accept that even in those days suggested many handi pastoral care of churches observing the first caps for evangelists. The same Review tells of day, as well as the Seventh Day Baptist our Saint Louis reading room, with similar © churches. This might be the cause of the de plans, and how it was meeting with equal suc cline of the early Seventh Day Baptist churches cess. So the city-mission idea was in its as in England. cendancy. Their most important churches in England Those were the days when Bible readings are the Mill Yard and Pinner©s Hall, both of were considered our most successful missionary London. The Mill Yard probably had its origin method, and the plan was growing in the minds in 1617, and is said to have been founded by of ministers and laymen. During this period our John Trask and his wife (schoolteachers), im work developed among overseas peoples who prisoned for their views on the Sabbath. The had come to the shores of America, and had Pinner©s Hall church was organized March 5, then scattered through the cities of our lands 1676, by Francis Bampfield. and into some sections of . There was urgent need to train more workers to labor for BEGINNINGS IN AMERICA. Seventh Day these language groups. Here and there a prom Baptist churches in America are the immediate ising lay brother or sister, often a very youth outgrowth of similar societies existing in Eng ful worker, had to be drafted for the Bible land during the last half of the seventeenth cen work. Many of the workers of this era were tury. In 1664 Stephen Mumford, a Sabbath- developed in a practical way. Their fellow keeper, emigrated from London to Newport, workers who had already become skillful in the Rhode Island, escaping from the persecution art of giving Bible readings taught them how which was being inflicted upon leading observ to work for their own language group in these ers of the Bible Sabbath in Great Britain. cities. While our English-speaking work was Mr. Mumford held "that the Ten Command developing, many a thriving church of over ments, as they were delivered from Mount seas folk simultaneously came into existence. Sinai, were moral and immutable," and that the One feature was prominent all these workers seventh day of the week is the only Sabbath of were Bible instructors in every sense of the the Lord. He believed it was an antichristian name. L. c. K. power which changed the day of observance. * " Shortly after his arrival he convinced several * members of the First Baptist Church of New port that his opinions were supported by the teachings of the Word of God. On December The Seventh Day Baptists 23, 1671, the first Seventh Day Baptist church was organized at Newport, composed of seven By HELEN M. WESTON, Bible Instructor, members. Worcester, Massachusetts For more than thirty years after its organiza tion the Newport church included nearly all the . The Seventh Day Baptists were persons observing the seventh day in the States, first known as Sabbatarians, but the term of Rhode Island and Connecticut. The Seventh Seventh Day Baptists was adopted by them in Day Baptists in Rhode Island were co-laborers England soon after the Reformation. At what with Roger Williams and Dr. John Clark in precise time the seventh-day observers took de establishing the colony on the principles of civil nominational form is not too definite. Accord and religious liberty. Seventh Day Baptists also ing to Ross©s Picture of All Religions (quoted joined with the Baptists in founding and sup in Manual of the Seventh Day Baptists) , they porting Brown University. appeared in Germany and England early in the About 1684 Abel Noble, a Sabbatarian minis sixteenth century. In the early days these Sab- ter, came from London to America and settled bathkeepers endured great persecution, often a few miles from , teaching the losing their lives. seventh-day Sabbath. As a result of his work a The Seventh Day Baptists do not claim an church was organized near Philadelphia around The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 17 1700. Mr. Noble also labored as a missionary in and other activities through the boards of so New Jersey, preaching the seventh-day Sab- cieties. hath, after which he introduced his views among the German Seventh Day Baptists at MISSIONS. In 1818 a board of trustees and Ephrata, Pennsylvania. director of missions was appointed. In 1842 the In 1705 Edmund Dunham, a licensed minis first permanent missionary society was formed ter, led in organizing a church of seventeen to have charge of missionary work at home and members in Piscataway, New Jersey. "From abroad. In 1847 two families were sent out to these three centers Newport, Philadelphia, establish a mission station in Shanghai, China. and Piscataway the truth of the Sabbath, fol The work steadily grew until it is now in four lowing the tides of emigration westward, continents and the isles of the sea. moved forward in three distinct lines." Sev PUBLICATIONS. Early tracts and publishing enth Day Baptists in Europe and America, vol. interests included "some queries sent to the i, p. 125. Seventh Day Baptist churches have Reverend George Whitfield, in the year 1740, been organized in many parts of the United which remain yet unanswered," and a tract on States, in China, India, Java, Germany, the the Sabbath question written by Jonathan , Africa, South America, , Davis, which was published in 1740. Jonathan and British West Indies. The membership of Dunham, pastor of the Piscataway church, pub the Seventh Day Baptist Church has grown lished in 1761 a pamphlet on the subject "A through colonization more than by any other Brief Instruction in the Principles of the means. Christian Religion," which was somewhat Not long after the Newport church was or largely circulated in New Jersey. It contained ganized, some of the Sabbatarians settled in one hundred and sixteen questions and answers. Westerly, Rhode Island, and New London, In i8n Henry Clarke wrote and published A Connecticut, establishing churches, one of the History of the Sabbatarians or Seventh Day largest being the First Hopkinton, Rhode Is Baptists of America. (Ibid., vol. 2, p. 1339.) land, church. At the annual meeting of this On April 14, 1830, The Protestant Sentinel, church in 1802 the General Conference was a weekly denominational paper, began publica first formed. These annual meetings for the tion. This was the first weekly Seventh Day spiritual edification of the Seventh Day Bap Baptist periodical in America. It was succeeded tists had been in effect since 1696, the first being by the Seventh Day Baptist Register, first is held at the Newport church. sued from DeRuyter, New York, on March 10, 1840. On June 14, 1844, The Sabbath Recorder ORGANIZATION. Only eight churches com made its appearance from New York City and bined at first to establish the General Confer continued its publication there and in Westerly, ence. Full organization was not completed until Rhode Island, until 1872, when it was removed 1806. Control of church government was given to Alfred Center, New York. It was printed the individual churches, the General Conference there until 1895 and since 1895 at Plainfield, holding only advisory powers. In 1818 by vote New Jersey. In connection with The Sabbath of the conference the term Sabbatarian was Recorder before the transfer The Sabbath- changed to Seventh Day Baptist. In 1835 the School Visitor was issued. conference recommended that the church form In 1843 the American Sabbath Tract Society themselves into three associations because of was organized for the purpose of promoting the the distance between churches. {Ibid., p. 180.) work through the printed page. The American As a result the Eastern, Middle, and Western Sabbath Tract Society now has charge of the associations were established, and yearly ses Recorder and The Sabbath Visitor. These are sions were held. the denominational papers published weekly at Organized Sabbath school work was begun Plainfield, New Jersey. The British publication in 1836, and much attention was given to the is The Sabbath Observer, printed in London. young people©s work. The first Christian En deavor society was formed in 1881 at Portland, EDUCATION. In 1834 education societies Maine. Prior to this the society was called were formed by the women in a few churches. Excel Bands. The three leading societies of the Alfred University, Alfred, New York, was be church are the Missionary Society, American gun as a select school in December of 1836. It Sabbath Tract Society, and the Education So became an incorporated academy in 1843, and ciety. assumed powers of a university in 1857. Its The churches in the are now studies are classified under the departments of organized into seven associations. These deter theology, philosophy, liberal arts, industrial me mine the qualifications of churches making ap chanics, fine arts, normal and preparatory, and plication for membership. In recent years it has music. been the practice of the General Conference to In 1855 the Seventh Day Baptist Education reorganize the request of the church for ap Society was formed. It was designed princi proval in the matter of the ordination of minis pally to aid Alfred University. Other institu ters. The churches carry on their missionary tions came under its supervision in 1866. One Page 18 The Ministry, January, 1949 of the most efficient organizations of the Sev be done by the living te_acher, and that the missionaries sent out by our societies should consider that a part enth Day Baptists in the Women©s Executive of their evangelical work." Board, organized in 1884, and giving excellent service in fields of industrial, missionary, edu Seventh Day Baptists maintain that the state cational, and Sabbath promotion activities. should not interfere with the religious convic BELIEFS. Sabbath reform work was carried tions and practice of its citizens. They also on by the Seventh Day Baptists with great zeal. place themselves against the existence of secret A statement taken from one of the committees societies, and highly support the temperance so on Sabbath reform, published in the first Na ciety. tional Seventh Day Baptist Council at Chicago These Sabbathkeepers are evangelical in in 1890, reads thus: faith. They accept the divinity of Christ, the personality of the Holy Spirit, the immaterial "We do not believe this change from the first to the nature and the immortality of the human soul, seventh day will ever be accomplished by the Sunday- keeping Christians. Their arguments in the past have salvation through atonement by repentance, by been destructive of the foundation upon which their resurrection of the dead, the eternal judgment, practice was built, and it is only by convincing them of sufficiency of the Scriptures, obedience in bap their own error and a necessity for a change that we can hope for any Sabbath observance in this country tism and harmony in obedience to the Saviour©s a few years hence. We have a great work to do and commands regarding the Sabbath. They differ this work will not be done unless it be done by Sab from other Baptists in regard to the seventh- bath-observers. These are the facts which confront us, and the facts which we as a people must be prepared day Sabbath. Their doctrinal views were last to meet. The time for the prosecution of this great set forth in an expose adopted by the conference work is limited. A few years of unfruitful effort for in 1880. the enforcement of Sunday laws will prove to those One of their chief reasons for keeping the now engaged in this effort that there is no hope of suc cess in this direction. Sabbath is that it was observed and held sacred "This effort to revive Sunday observance by civil by Christ and the apostolic church. They be legislation will help to agitate the question of rightful lieve Christ to be the final sanction for the authority for the Sabbath, and offer a thousand oppor Sabbath, and have held firmly to their doctrine tunities for us to work as we never have worked be fore. The conflict between the Lord©s Sabbath and no regarding this for three hundred years. They Sabbath must soon be met by the people, and we Sab believe that Christ would have them to be bath-keepers are instruments in God©s hands for help friendly with other churches and cooperate with ing to decide the question in favor of the former and against the latter with all its evil consequences. The them in every good work. In recent years they work we must do is a great one; one requiring great belong to the National Bible Schools organiza consecration, great self-sacrifice, great energies and tions, the Foreign Missions Conference, the large means." Proceedings of the Seventh Day Bap Layman©s Missionary Movement, the Federal tist Council, pp.© 60-62, Council of Churches, the Faith and Order The means of accomplishing the work of pro Movement, and other kindred efforts looking moting the Sabbath and launching a stronger toward united work on the part of Christ©s fol program among their own members are stated lowers. in Proceedings of the Seventh Day Baptist Council as follows: MEMBERSHIP. Statistics of 1944 list sixty- four Seventh , Day Baptist churches in the r. "A full consecration of ourselves and our means United States, with an inclusive membership of to God in the work of saving our country from the evils of no-Sabbathism," 6,581. (Yearbook of American Churches, 1945.) 2. "A better observance of the Sabbath by the Sev The Seventh-day Adventist denomination re enth Day Baptists themselves. We must remember that ceived its Sabbath light in 1844, when Rachel Sabbath observance is a sign o_f loyalty to God, and if we love Him, we will keep His Commandments." D. Preston, a member of the First Verona 3. "Our children should be taught in our families, Seventh Day Baptist church, New York, intro both by precept and example, the reasons for, and the duced the doctrine of the true Sabbath among importance of, true Sabbath observance and the sin of violating the Sabbath law." the Adventists at Washington, New Hamp 4. "Our children need to have more frequent lessons shire. From the Sabbathkeeping church then in the Sabbath school on the subject of the Sabbath, formed has sprung the Seventh-day Adventist and much more instruction from the pulpit on the ways of meeting the arguments of our opponents." denomination in this country and others, 5. "Our Sabbath publications books, tracts and pe riodicals should be kept in every family and be much BIBLIOGRAPHY more thoroughly studied." George G. Utter. Manual of the Seventh Day Bap 6. "The Sabbath Recorder should teach more fully tists, 1858. the sin of Sabbath desecration by our own people." Proceedings of the Seventh Day Baptist Council, 7. "We recommend the continuance of the Outlook Chicago, 1890. and Sabbath Quarterly according to its present general W. C. Whitford. Historical Sketch of the Seventh purpose." Day Baptist Churches in America. 8. "We believe that a paper devoted to general Sab Religious Bodies (1936), vol. 2, part i, U.S. Depart bath reform work and the discussion of Sunday legis ment of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, pp. 163-166. lation is demanded and recommend the publication of Seventh Day Baptists in Europe and America (A such a paper whenever the Tract Board deem it prac series of historical papers written in commemoration ticable." of the looth anniversary of the organization of the 9. "We recommend a much more general distribu Seventh Day Baptist General Conference celebrated at tion of Sabbath tracts." Ashaway, Rhode Island, 1902). (Printed by American 10. "We believe more Sabbath reform work should Sabbath Tract Society, Plainfield, New Jersey, 1910.) The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 19 RELIGIOUS WORLD TRENDS Import of Leading Press Declarations

A resume of the development and an analysis of the significance of The World Council of Churches—No. 1 By FRANK H. YOST, Associate Secretary, Religious Liberty Department

Sometime, and that erelong, a likeness to medieval a meeting in Utrecht, Netherlands, where plans papal power will be formed in some sort of Protestant were crystallized for the formation of a World combine to compel the conscience of men to crush dis sent, and to perform the acts prophesied in Revelation Council of Churches and the committee of four 13:11-18. Sometime and somehow there will be a rap teen became functional as provisional commit prochement between and Catholocism, tee of the council. and Protestantism will be the aggressor in extending Then came World War II. Progress was the hand of reconciliation and union. No area of reli gious trends and developments needs to be watched again blocked. But in April, 1948, the provi more meticulously than this. We have therefore se sional committee met at Buck Hill Falls, Penn cured from Dr. Yost, trained historian and present- sylvania. From this meeting there went forth a day observer, an over-all picture of the background, development, and significance of the World Council of call for the assembly of the World Council at Churches. We bespeak a most careful study of his two , August 22 to September 5, 1948. articles, as we need to be informed and judicious. This In the ten-year interim the provisional com material is for background acquaintance rather than mittee had provided a foretaste of the sort of for public presentation.—EDITOR. thing a World Council of Churches might be HIS sentence from Christ©s prayer to the able to do. In some places it had built chapels, Father is a logical text with which to rebuilt churches, hospitals, and orphanages, and T begin a discussion of the World Council provided food and clothing for the needy in of Churches: "That they all may be one." The large quantities. thought of this text was in the minds of the When the World Council met in Amsterdam delegates as they gathered at Amsterdam, Hol this August, it did so under an organization land, on August 22 for the meeting which made which the provisional committee had created. the World Council of Churches a fact. The purpose of the Amsterdam council was to The Amsterdam meeting was the outgrowth forward the organization of the world-wide of a series of preparatory meetings. The Fed body, and to make the council functional eral Council of Churches of Christ in America through definition in the following areas: and the British Council of Churches had been 1. The nature of the church. formed in the years preceding the second world 2. The world evangelistic task. war. But these were merely national associa 3. "The church©s message in relation to economic life in a technological age." tions. 4. The church and international affairs. It was a victory for those urging a union of total Christendom when a meeting of Christian This program of discussion would have been leaders from many parts of the world gathered no small one, carried on among a diverse group in Edinburgh in 1910. Before anything further of clergymen from many nations, in well-or could be done the first world war made impos dered times. In such times as ours it was an sible further sessions. It was not until 1925 that ambitious program indeed, and the meeting and another meeting was held in Stockholm, Swe its purposes were viewed with grave concern den, where study was given to the uniting of by©some. Christian churches under the general heading Charles P. Taft, president of the Federal "Life and Work." This was followed two years Council of Churches of Christ in America, later by a meeting in Lausanne, Switzerland, pointed out that this meeting would be in con "where plans were laid for Christian union in trast with the great ecumenical councils of his respect to "Faith and Order." Ten years later tory, which usually spent most of their time in meetings at Oxford, England, for "Life and reading minorities out of meeting. "The Am Work" ; and in Edinburgh, Scotland, for "Faith sterdam assembly," said Taft, "will not seek and Order" put the Protestant world where it a basis of union, ruling out those who do not began to see the problems it must face in seek agree, but a basis of cooperation and mutual ing church unification. A committee of fourteen understanding, within which all may retain was created to take steps toward organization. their own theological and ritualistic concerns." The next year definite progress was made at He declared that the objective of the council Page 20 The Ministry, January, 1949 was (i) "to try to make visible to all the world 4. It might ignore dissident churches, with the dan ger that the council might be leading us to Rome it the church©s will and determination toward self, "or to a Romanized Protestantism." unity," and (2) "to try to find some solid core of Christian understanding in which the There were other meetings which furnished a churches may find it possible to operate to background, favorable or unfavorable, to the gether while making their own decisions in the World Council meeting. From July 8 to 18 the light of such practical choices as are open to leaders of the Moscow patriarchate of the Rus them." sian Orthodox Church met in Moscow; and But all were not so optimistic. One commen although little is, of course, known of what oc tator pointed out how little understanding there curred, it would appear that one decision ar now is between different religious sects, even rived at was that the Russian church should in America, where the sects are so numerous not be represented at Amsterdam. Just as the and have such complete freedom to rub shoul Moscow meeting was closing, representatives ders with one another. This man was alarmed of all churches of presbyteriai polity, the Re because of the lack of historical perspective formed and the Presbyterian churches, met in manifested by the churches, and remarked, "For Geneva, with 160 delegates representing 30 some seminaries church history stops at the nations. Delegates from this meeting came di Reformation; in others it starts with the Mas rectly to the Amsterdam session. In the latter sachusetts Bay Colony." There was much con part of July the bishops of the entire Anglican cern lest the council be involved in machinery communion the world over met in England for rather than the things of the Spirit. These the Lambeth Conference. From this rallying of agreed with the observation of the late Arch the forces of Anglicanism and Episcopalianism bishop William Temple of Canterbury, that "it came the delegates of a self-conscious and confi is not by contrivance and adjustments that we dent Anglican Church to the church council at can unite the Church of God. It is only by com Amsterdam. ing closer to Him that we come nearer to one another." WHEN the council opened, there The International Council of Churches, the were 352 official delegates out of the 450 ex fundamentalist group which met also in Am pected, representing 135 member churches out sterdam just a couple of days before the con of a membership of 151. Fourteen "minority" vening of the World Council, was much more churches, mostly of the "newer," or mission, frank. Its plan of organization required that all churches, which were not recognized as its members be investigated for "doctrinal omous, also had delegates in attendance. There standards and spiritual condition." Its avowed were about 100 youth delegates from 45 coun purpose was "to seek to awaken Christians tries. There were also present about 150 repre everywhere to the insidious dangers of mod sentatives of the press and radio, and a sound ernism; to call them to a unity of mind and film was made of the proceedings. Probably 80 effort against all unbelief and any compromise per cent of all Protestant and Orthodox Chris with modernism; and against Roman Catholi tendom was represented in one way or another cism." It declared that it will "not seek the at the council. There were probably no less than organic union of member bodies, nor will it 500 church leaders, and the attendance at some trespass in any way upon their autonomy." It of the earlier sessions ran as high as an esti affirmed that the only unions worthy of support mated 3,000. It was stated, probably truthfully, were those "based upon the word of God," and that never before has there been such a gather it registered a "solemn protest against the at ing of religious leaders. tempt which will be made at Amsterdam under To show how completely certain communions the auspices of the World Council of Churches were represented, note the delegation of the to unite Christians without regard for revealed Lutheran communion. Twenty-two Lutheran truth." bodies were represented at Amsterdam,©five of The World Evangelical Alliance, just one them in the United States and Canada. The hundred years old this year, expressed definite other 17 delegates were from 14 other countries. alarm concerning the World Council. It antici The Lutherans had in all 65 delegates, or about pated that it would be no better than a World one-sixth of the total representation. It should Federal Churches of Christ, and specified four be noted that the American Missouri Synod, points of weakness and danger in the World which might be called the apocalyptic body of Council: the American Lutheran Church, was not repre 1. That it was not strictly evangelical, because some sented. There was a deputation from the patri were already challenging as "not the best" the concept that the World Council is "a fellowship of churches archate of Constantinople, from the church of which accepts our Lord Jesus Christ as God and Sav Greece, and from the churches of Finland. iour." From behind the iron curtain there were dele 2. That it will not be strictly Protestant, because it gations from the non-Catholic, non-Orthodox was admitting the Orthodox churches of the East, in fected with Catholic doctrines. churches of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 3. It would become a superchurch, with a purpose Rumania, and Yugoslavia. to create "one church for one .world." Some bodies were not represented at all. The The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 21 Southern Baptists had declined to send a dele to forge ahead of God but to find God©s design gation, but a group of Southern Baptist preach and line up with it, walking in God©s way. The ers sent an "unofficial observer." As might be ideal of the council must "be God©s kingdom, supposed from what was said by the Interna and not a kingdom of any sort of ideas and tional Council of Churches and the World©s principles we approve." G. Bromley Oxnam, Evangelical Alliance, fundamentalist bodies had American Bishop in the Methodist Church, in no representation at Amsterdam. sisted that the need for unity is urgent. "Our There were ten Roman Catholic "observers" disunity is a denial of our Lord. . . . We can on hand. Judging by correspondence received not win the world for Christ with the tactics of by those interested in the council, many more guerrilla warfare. . . . This calls for general members of the Catholic communion would staff, grand strategy, and army. And this means have been there, had they been permitted. An union." official pronouncement from Rome, under date Pessimistic notes were sounded from the of June 5, forbade participation by any Roman council. There were lamentations concerning Catholic in any ecumenical movement without the indifference of laymen of the church in the the approval of the Pope. That the timing of face of present-day conditions. It was pointed this papal declaration was planned cannot be out that the influence of the church upon so doubted, and it is significant that it reasserted ciety is disproportionately small compared with the standard Catholic position, that all genuine the church©s numerical strength. One speaker church unions must lead back to the Roman declared that Christendom is as confused as the Catholic Church. world. A Chinese delegate wanted to know The council opened with the bold clangor of whether Christianity was really rooted deeply church bells. On the opening day, August 22, in such countries as China. Dr. Niebuhr, of Amsterdam church bells rang out at 9 :oo A.M., Union Theological Seminary in New York hourly thereafter until 6:00 P.M. From two City, declared that he had the "uneasy feeling" forty-five until three in the afternoon, when the that we "cannot find the island of order from council convened, the bells rang continuously. which to proceed against disorder." Across the American Continent too, as the hour of three o©clock came, church bells rang * * * out their message to the American people that a great international church union was being Saved by Grace, in Poem and Text made a reality. The opening of the session was signalized by a procession, displaying an array Arranged by M. H. WHITTAKER of ecclesiastical robes, perhaps less striking be "Under the law with its tenfold lash, cause of the absence of Russian Orthodox and Learning, alas, how true, That the more I tried, the sooner I died, Roman Catholic ecclesiastics. While the law cried, 'You! You! Yon!'" The devotions with which the session opened Titus 3:5-7; Rom. 3:19, 20, 28; 4:15; Gal. 2:16, were participated in by representatives of a 21 ; 3 :io, II. number of different communions, presenting a "Hopelessly still did the battle rage. variety in prayer and ritual. Prominent ecclesi 'O wretched man!' my cry, astics made introductory addresses. Dr. J. A. And deliverance 1 sought by some penance bought, Mackay, president of Princeton Theological While my soul cried, 'I ! I ! I !' " Seminary, made an earnest appeal that the Luke 18:1-12. Five "I©s" in the Pharisee©s prayer council maintain a missionary vision, and that none in the Lord©s prayer. Romans 7:1-25: the "I," "My," "Mine," "Me," it be conscious of its task of finishing the work chapter. Fifty times mentioned. "Law" and "command of the gospel in all the world. John Foster ment" over twenty times. Dulles, well-known international lawyer and a Job 31 :i-40. Job©s "I," "My," "Me," "Mine," chap ter, about eighty times mentioned in his long self-vin lay representative at the World Council of the dication, and he concludes with the words, "Lo, here Federal Council of Churches of Christ in is my signature ; let the Almightv answer me." Verse America, frankly faced the threat of Commu 35, R.V. nism in his address. He insisted that whereas "Then came a day when my struggling ceased, every effort should be made to arrive at a And trembling in every limb, peaceful way of life in the world, it must be re At the foot of the tree where One died for me, membered that Communism is incompatible I sobbed out, 'Him ! Him ! Him !' " with peaceful change, and that the Soviets are Rom. 7:24, 25; 8:1-39."Chr" "I" hardly mentioned. "God," "Holy Spirit," "Christ," stated approximately not following a regime of peace. He admonished fifty times. Chapter 8 begins with, "No condemna the nations not to abandon their position^ which tion" ; moves on to, "We are more than conquerors," clash with the Communists© creed, but on the and ends with, no separation. other hand not to seek to crush Communism. "Nothing to pay, no, not a whit; Nothing to do, no, not a bit. Secretary Visser ©t Hooft insisted that the All that was needed to do or pay, door of membership should be kept open to the Jesus has done in His own blessed way!" churches of Russia as well as to the other Or Rev.J.VtV, 22:2i.^4, .11. "TheJ. iiVi graceK, i of our Lord Jesus Christ thodox churches not in attendance. Carl Barth, bef withllrlfll youirnll all.^11 Amen.©Am*in " noted Swiss theologian, urged the council not Sydney, Australia. Page 22 The Ministry, January, 1949 Advance!—The Marching Orders From Denver

O AUTUMN COUNCIL of our church ing the grip of the world on the affections of leadership within my memory has been men, and driving them to God. The world©s N more characteristically Adventist in sorrow, unrest, and breakdown is turning vast spirit, emphasis, and scope, than the Denver numbers of men©s hearts Godward. Our greater Biennial Council, held October 18-28, 1948. advances come under the greater difficulties. It was pre-eminently a world council, attended We should pray, not for the return of normalcy, by representatives of all divisions save one but for adequacy to meet the emergency. We and neighboring divisions told of heartening should seek, not for a long-time program of ad advances even there. It was wholesomely and vance, but for a short, quick work in the earth. militantly evangelistic in tone. It called for defi We are soon to leave this old world. Our every nite readjustment of emphasis lest institution- plan and investment should reflect that central alism overshadow direct field evangelism and fact. There should be no needless extravagance overthrow the divine balance. It was mission in material things that will soon be swept away. centered in emphasis. The devotional periods There should be no pandering to pride and ap were all conducted by overseas leaders, blend pearance. Our material structures should be ing spiritual lessons with the most gripping re representative, but should not belie our message hearsals of mission advances ever given in our of the imminent Advent of Christ. history. A world vision and outlook should charac God is undeniably leading us forward as terize every worker©s attitude in every home never before. The Spirit of God is opening such base. We are all going home together. Our an array of doors that bid us enter, as to be al united task will be finished in mission and home most bewildering. The clear call and the accom land together. We must curb certain selfish and panying challenge is so utterly beyond our ap extravagant trends. We must keep the home parent financial resources and man power as to bases strong so as to furnish the sinews of war drive us all to our knees in supplication for for world advance. We must economize for means to flow into the treasury for the answer God. We, as workers, must lead in sacrifice and ing of these heaven-born calls. We have mani consecration to a world task. We must be will-© festly reached the crucial hour in the course of ing to go, to give, to lead, or to follow, to in the remnant movement. spire and to marshal the resources of this Never have there been such advances on movement for the finishing of its commissioned. every hand. Never have there been such heart- task. It is a glorious but sobering hour, in which, gripping recitals of the triumphs of the cross. to live. It is a call to prayer to renewal of con Never have there been such urgent needs as secration, to redoubling of effort, to laying hold now confront us. Age-old barriers are giving of the resources of omnipotence to arise and way. Walls that have for ages been adamant finish the work of God. That is the meaning are crumbling. Groups that seemed impervious and the spirit of the 1948 Autumn Council. are beckoning earnestly for light. Lands that L. E. F. for centuries have been hostile to Christianity are now asking insistently for the evangel. And WIDE RANGE. "Through the years I have gained if we do not move in, in response, others will. much from the wide range of material presented month We must not fail our God; we will not fail by month. Besides the general material I have also ap Him. This people will rise to His call. All the preciated the book reviews, for these have been the means of my becoming the possessor of a number of resources of Omnipotence are on our, side. The worth-while books." A. E. MAGNUSSON, Teacher, truth of God is in our hands. The commission Australasian Missionary College, Cooranbong. of God is behind us. The divine urge of the THOUGHT-PROVOCATIVE. "I enjoy THE MINISTRY Spirit is the witness to the leadership of God very much, and look forward to its arrival each month. in our midst. It is certainly the most thought provocating of our periodicals, and provides us with information and in We must move forward. We dare not retreat; spiration that is not available in any of our other that would be to be recreant to our trust. We papers." DONALD H. ABBOTT, M.D., Medical Super dare not mark tirrie; that would mean to ignore intendent, Kendu Hospital, Africa. the clear signals to advance. We cannot await NOBLE WORK. "You are doing a needed and noble work through your magazine:"© O. B. GEEHART, Field better times; they will evidently never come. Representative, Bible Correspondence Schools, Ontar The world unrest is in our favor. It is loosen- io-Quebec. > ,: . . - - The Ministry, January, 1949 fage 23 COUNSELING OF OUR FATHERS By John Sutherfand Bonnell By LeRoy Edwin Froom

Spiritual Counseling True pastoral counseling carries no taint of The foundation volume in Prophetic Faith of the Catholic confessional, nor any resemblance the set of four on the history Fathers, vol. I ... to the psychoanalyst©s techniques. Rather is it of prophetic interpretation. The Bible Instructs ministerial service for individual souls raised to The doors are thrown open The Witness of Sci a high level of personalized ministry, and aided upon a whole new world of by well-defined principles that govern the mind. evidence and understanding; TOTAL __...... Adventists, above all others, may rightly have a the full intent of the proph SPECIAL keen interest in this field of the mind in relation etic scheme unfolded; the CLUB PRICE to religion. Our view of man calls for an inte amazing significance of the gration of mind and spirit and body to consti symbolism employed; the tute one living entity. That interaction involves tie-in established with early both physical and mental health, as well as the Jewish and Christian inter health of the spirit. That is why we should take pretation; the amazing witness of the pre- an active interest in the area of ministerial Constantinian church exposition; the revolu activity known as pastoral counseling. This tionary reversal of interpretation as an accom phrase is used to describe a rather well-defined plished fact; the master stroke made against the endeavor based upon sound principles of the millennium; the unrecognized emergence of the mind, that is, sound psychology, in helping Little Horn; the identity of Antichrist; the ini people to grapple rightly with various problems tial application of the year-day principle to the of mind and spirit. We as Adventist ministers 1260-, 1290-, 1335-, and 2300-day periods; will find something of vital interest and practical epochal advances in application by Joachim, value for us in the book Spiritual Counseling. Eberhart, Olivi, and Arnold de Villanova and The author is pastor of a large Presbyterian Cusa. All this is climaxed with four moving ^church in New York City. This edition of his chapters on the Waldenses, and their defiance new book is printed especially for Seventh-day of Rome based on the prophecies. These and a Adventist ministers and other workers for the hundred other features are all in Volume I, denomination. of this significant set. INSTRUCTOR OF SCIENCE By Louise Caroline Kleuser By George Knapp Abbott

$Z50 We have long awaited the Medical science is continually advancing and Our __ 5.00 appearance of a handbook scientists themselves do not always agree as to .__ 3.75 for personal work. Not only the exact cause and nature of diseases. But where ence — 4.00 the qualifications of the a complete and total picture of what is found in Bible instructor, man or the Spirit of prophecy is compared with what .....$15.25 woman, but also the distinc is available in science, we find the statements tive opportunities of this made by Mrs. White borne out again and again. 12.95 profession need to be known. The author, Dr. G. K. Abbott, former medical The author, a trained Bible superintendent of St. Helena Sanitarium in instructor herself, here culls California, and of the Washington Sanitarium from her own experiences, and Hospital in Maryland, and veteran pro as well as those of many moter of health principles, has here produced a others, the best that inspiration, method, and very readable, accurate, comprehensive review of example might produce. The book is replete the scientific statements of the Spirit of proph with practical technique and successful ideas. ecy. He has brought to us the related reports Although the larger Bible work is featured in from current medical and research publications, city evangelism, tie author has well considered with full documentation. This permits the in the needs of smaller areas. Bible work is not por vestigator to pursue further any feature which trayed simply as a woman©s work it is a part may appeal to him as of special interest. This nership of gospel service with the evangelist and scientific work is an excellent contribution to pastor. The book is introduced by a section on our denominational literature. It is recom general methods. Important chapters on the mended to both our ministerial and our medi worker©s personal problems are followed with cal brethren as an aid to a better understanding illuminating ideas and suggestions. The last and appreciation of this highly important phase section of the book provides more than one hun of the writings of the Spirit of prophecy. We dred patterns of well-organized, up-to-date Bible believe it will be equally appreciated by mem readings. bers of the laity. can Churches, Dr. Sweet clearly emphasizes those factors and forces that have developed a The Book Shelf distinctly American type of religion. Without Boofes, Reviews, and Discussions entering into too much detail he brings out those historic influences which have made our American churches. The book begins with a helpful discussion of Out of the Labyrinth,* L. H. Lehmann, Agora the two types of Protestantism which emerged Publishing Company, New York, 1947, 252 pages, from the Reformation. Then their resulting in $3. fluences in American development is revealed. This book is a must for all those working to The author follows through with the winning rescue Roman Catholics, and will prove a great of the West, revivalism with its various contri help to all preachers of the gospel of Christ in butions to American ideals, and the multiplicity the threefold final message. Dr. Lehman empha of denominations. sizes the main themes of the gospel of salvation There is a definite place for the Negro©s re through the vehicle of the story of his own ligion. The author handles this phase with emancipation from Roman Catholicism. It sets sympathetic skill. His keen outlook for the fu in contrast the gospel of Jesus Christ with the ture of our democracy makes the chapter on propaganda of the Papacy, a contrast which Roman Catholicism in the United States most must constantly be made. valuable to the student of prophecy. The book is an appeal to Roman Catholic The contrast between European quietism and priests to set themselves free from the sacerdo our distinctly American activism presents a talism, sacramentalisrn, and authoritarianism of study that will challenge any minister©s think the papal church, and to find spiritual freedom ing. One might readily conclude that a proper through direct access to the Lord Jesus Christ. blending of these two forces might greatly He presents regeneration versus sacramental- speed the proclamation of the last-hour gospel ism, certainty of salvation versus purgatory, message. On this very point the author stimu personal freedom to find and serve God versus lates profound thinking. Any reader will find sacerdotalism, the sanctity and purity of the in The American Churches basic information to home versus celibacy and the sacrament of mar interpret why there are so many churches in riage, the validity of a continuing reformation America today. L. c. K. versus papal authoritarianism, the Second Ad vent of Christ versus papal fascism in short, Jeremiah for Today,* Harry F. Baughman, Muh- Christ versus the Pope. lenberg Press, Philadelphia, Pa., 1947, 221 pages, There is an occasional typographical error. $2.75. One might wish here and there for a little bet ter transition between chapters. The author This is a book which is worth reading and makes a too sketchy reference to free will, with rereading. Every minister and Bible teacher out much discussion; but, of course, this is a will enjoy Baughman©s presentation of one of huge subject in itself. I would wish the Scrip the greatest characters of Holy Writ. tural state of the dead to have been more care Jeremiah was a fearless yet timid, a bold yet fully considered. humble, man of his own day, and withal a pow But the book is a readable and useful nay, erful man in the year 1948. He was a man such valuable presentation of the beauty and free as is needed today to lead God©s people through dom of the gospel by one who has truly found their worst crisis in all history. There are so his Lord. As one would expect with the editor many parallels between Jeremiah©s age and our of the excellent magazine Converted Catholic, own drawn by Baughman that one uncon there is no muckraking. One lays down Dr. sciously cries out, "O God! Give us another Lehmann©s latest book with a "Thank God for Jeremiah for today, a man who because of his the certainty of personal salvation in Christ close communion with heaven and earth is as Jesus our Lord, without the need of any inter well prepared to do for spiritual Israel here vening human priest." what Jeremiah did for ancient Israel back FRANK H. YOST. [Associate Secretary, there." Religious Liberty Department.] The book is full of sermon material. It serves as a key to unlock the fifty-two chapters of one The American Churches,* an Interpretation, Wil of the greatest books in the Bible, and brings liam Warren Sweet, Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, from them some of the richest spiritual lessons New York, 1948, 149 pages, $1.50. contained in all the Scriptures. The author, professor of the history of Amer Here is a book which should be placed by ican Christianity in the University of Chicago every minister on his "must" list. since 1927, is considered one of the best-known D. E. REBOK. [President, writers in the field of American history. S.D.A. Theological Seminary.] This is a. most enlightening interpretation of American religion. In this work, The Ameri- : 1949 Ministerial Reading Course Elective. Page 26 The Ministry, January, 1949 100 Great Texts and Their Treatment, compiled face of the pilot. . . . All is well," is an illustra by Frederick Barton, Harpers, New York, 1942, tion alone worth the price of the book. (Page 520 pages, $1.95. 223.) Another pertinent thought on "How to Many of the one hundred texts considered in Enjoy Religion" appears on page 364. A this compilation are among the great texts of preacher, approaching his new appointment, the Bible. The author has some very choice il asked a boy, "Do people at Millbrook enjoy re lustrations and many helpful thoughts and sug ligion ?" "Them that has it does," was the reply. gestions in his stimulating and enjoyable book. The recital of answered prayer and "Power Each of the one hundred chapters is intro Through Prayer" on page 476 is also worth the duced with the text, then a section called "Il investment in this library of practical working luminative Comment," followed by a second material for the public exponent of truth. grouping entitled "Illustrative Thoughts and In fact, there is so much of value and inter Incidents." Each illustration is numbered, and est in this "must" book that you should imme the total is 750. On page iv appears the "Classi diately order your personal copy. fication of Sermons." FENTON E. FROOM. [Pastor- The texts and their treatment fall under the Evangelist, Orlando, Florida.] following categories: Baccalaureate, Children©s Day, Christmas, Comfort, Decision Day, Notes on the Psalms,* G. Campbell Morgan, Revell, Easter, Edification, Evangelistic, Fraternal Or New York, 1947, 287 pages, $2. ders, Funerals, In Times of Public Calamity, Men©s Meetings, Missions, Mother©s Day, New One of the greatest Bible expositors of our Year, Pentecost, Sermons on Giving, and time still speaks in this posthumous volume. Thanksgiving Day. Everything Dr. Morgan wrote, and he was a This wide range of illustrations is a most voluminous writer, is worth reading. This is a practical adjunct to the working library of the valuable addition to his numerous volumes. The sincere, successful saver of sinners. An "Index devotional center of the Bible is found in the to Illustrations" appears in the back of the psalms. Dr. Morgan has grouped them for book, which is helpful in seeking specific exam analysis into five books, each of which has a ples for a particular need. central theme. The complete text of each psalm Hundreds of new illustrations appear in this from the American Standard Version is printed volume. Page 197 records an interesting story preceding its own analysis. Dr. Morgan©s exe- on "How He Met the Devil" and conquered getical ability is displayed throughout, and he him. The thrilling story of the terror-stricken brings the devotional beauty and comfort and passenger who saw the face of the pilot on the solace from these old songs with impressive ef fect. This book deserves a worthy place along bridge in the storm, and cried, "I have seen the side his other works. * Elective, 1949 Ministerial Reading Coarse. CARLYLE B. HAYNES.

MINISTERIAL READING COURSE ENROLLMENT

Kindly ENROLL me for the new denominational workers© UNITED STUDY PLAN for 1949. This includes the following REQUIRED volumes for the new year Spiritual Counseling, by Bonnell; The Witness of Science, by Abbott; The Bible Instructor, by Kleuser; and Volume I of Prophetic Faith, by Froom together with certain ELECTTVES to be chosen by me in harmony with the plan outlined in the November MINISTRY.

Name

Address

Conference -_____-__-__-______- Division (Mail to Division Association Secretary in North America. Address Secretary, Ministerial Association, S.D.A., Takoma Park 12, D.C.)

The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 27 HEALTH EVANGELISM Our Health Message a Part of Our World Mission

Alcohol—The Great Destroyer Satan's Program of International Genocide

By W. A. SCHARFFENBERG, Secretary, American Temperance Society

Back of the sentimental, scientific, and statistical source materials would fail, however, to take us sides of the drink problem are the basic principles at stake. These are the aspects of supreme concern to the back far enough into the past to the moment •worker in this cause. True temperance is an integral when the idea of converting the fruit of the part of our message to men. It should be part of every vine and the grains of the field into intoxicating evangelistic series and inwrought into every series of beverages first entered Satan©s mind. To dis Bible studies in the homes of the people. This article is the first of a number of important discussions by cover the origin of this diabolical scheme, the William A. Scharffenberg on the issues involved in the purpose of which was to enslave the human drink question.—EDITOR. race, turn to an article that appeared in the Re EVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS have, view and Herald of April 16, 1901. This article from the very beginning of their history, takes us back into the distant past, long before S taken their stand for total abstinence. They man ever thought of concocting and manufac believe that total abstinence is the only platform turing the stuff that makes men mad. "Satan gathered the fallen angels together to devise on which Christians can conscientiously stand, some way of doing the most possible evil to the human and that so-called moderate drinking is the family. One proposition after another was made, till school in which men are educated for the finally Satan himself thought of a plan. He would take the fruit of the vine, also wheat, and other things drunkard©s career. given by God as food, and would convert them into It will be the purpose of this article, and poisons, which would ruin man©s physical, mental, and others to follow, to point out the reasons (a) moral powers, and so overcome the senses that Satan why we as a denomination believe that total ab should have full control. Under the influence of liquor, men would be led to commit crimes of all kinds. stinence is the only platform upon which God©s Through perverted appetite the world would be made people can conscientiously stand; and (&) why corrupt. By leading men to drink alcohol, Satan would as workers and lay members we must exert our cause them to descend lower and lower in the scale." influence by precept and example, by voice, by Review and Herald, April 16, 1901. pen, and by vote, in favor of prohibition and. Shortly after Satan and the fallen angels total abstinence. were cast out of heaven, he called a great meet If the curtain were pulled aside and our ing a committee meeting to which all the workers could catch a glimpse of the part that fallen angels were invited. The main purpose alcohol is playing, especially in these closing of the meeting was "to devise" ways and means days, in the great controversy between Christ "of doing the most possible evil to the human and Satan, we are confident that they would family." That appeared to be the only item on launch a mighty revival of the temperance issue the agenda. Satan apparently gave the fallen an among us as a people everywhere. gels an opportunity to suggest ways and means As we near the end of time, Satan will do all of enslaving and destroying mankind. in his power to befuddle and stupefy men©s Their suggestions, however, did not appear minds, and thus secure full control of the human to meet with approval, for we are informed race. The idea of utilizing alcoholic beverages that "finally Satan himself thought of a plan." as a means to attaining this great objective The proposal was that they "take the fruit of the enslavement of the entire human family the vine, also wheat, and other things given by originated with Satan himself. God as food, and convert them into poisons." If we were interested in studying the history As men would take these poisonous products of the manufacture, distribution, sale, and con into their systems, they would ruin their "phys sumption of alcoholic beverages, we would se ical, mental, and moral powers." Satan well cure every available text and source book on knew that if he succeeded in overcoming their the subject. We would endeavor to trace the senses, he would have no difficulty in securing origin of alcohol. Such a study would finally control of their minds, for under the influence direct us to the man who first discovered the of liquor he could readily lead them to commit science of fermentation. The study of all such all manner of crimes, and thus he would suc- Page 28 The Ministry, January, 1949 ceed in causing them "to descend lower and Satan is not content with merely weakening lower in the scale." the physical powers; he is striking at all three. The destruction of Christ and the enslave His purpose is to ruin the physical, the mental, ment of the human race was Satan©s goal. He and the moral powers, not of one individual or -planned to secure control of the entire universe. group of individuals, but of the entire human He lost his battle with Christ and is now con race. centrating his entire efforts on the human race. Satan©s proposal to convert the fruit of the The stakes in this conflict between Christ and vine, wheat, and other grains that God has Satan are terrific. Since man was created by given to man for food, into poisons, was a dia God, and since fallen man was redeemed by bolical scheme to ruin man©s physical, mental, Christ, Satan is determined that not one soul and moral powers. He knew that if man would will ever be saved in the kingdom of God. His take these poisons in the form of alcoholic bev plan calls for nothing less than the complete de erages, his physical powers would be weakened, struction of the race. Such an act today is called his mental powers would be impaired, and his genocide. moral powers would be ruined. He knew that Genocide is an act of destruction not of ma under the influence of intoxicating beverages terial possessions, property, or the like, but of men, women, and children could readily be led a group of human beings. The implication is to commit all manner of crimes. Satan glories that the group to be destroyed is of no further in crime, and the more crimes he can lead men benefit to humanity, and hence should be wiped to commit, the sooner his goal will be reached. out, massacred on a wholesale scale. The massa As we near the end of time Satan will do his cre may be inspired by racial, religious, cul utmost to enlist his agents, not only in manufac tural, or political fanaticisms. The means of turing, distributing, and selling alcoholic bever massacre may vary. Any plan to liquidate a ages of all kinds, but in promoting their con particular group of men, women, or children on sumption on a large scale. His objective seems a wholesale scale may be called genocide. to be to make this world liquor conscious a Efforts to destroy entire groups is no new world of drinking men, drinking women, drink thing. It has been attempted again and again. ing boys, and drinking girls. As the manufac The massacre that preceded the destruction of ture, distribution, sale, and consumption of al Carthage, the efforts to destroy the Waldenses, coholic beverages increase, crimes will increase, the Christians under the Ottoman Empire, the and men will sink lower and lower. Armenians, and more recently the Jews in Eu Surely the time has come when, as a people, rope all these are examples of genocide, the we must make our influence felt in a more de wholesale massacre of racial, religious, cultural, cided and positive manner in favor of prohibi or political groups. tion and total abstinence, and do all in our Genocide is the most heinous of crimes. It is power to hold back the forces of evil that are the crime of crimes; and according to recent attempting to tear men down. "How important it is that God©s messengers shall actions of the general assembly of the United call the attention of statesmen, o_f editors, of thinking Nations, and of the Niirnberg Tribunal, is a men everywhere, to the deep significance of the drunk crime punishable under international law. The enness and the violence now filling the land with deso lation and death! As faithful co-laborers with God, massacre of the Carthaginians, of the Wal we must bear a clear, decided testimony on the tem denses, and more recently of the Jews was lim perance question." Review and Herald, Oct. 25, 1906. ited to a particular group of people. Satan©s plan calls for the destruction of the entire human race. He is cunning, clever, ruthless, and Presenting Health Message unmerciful. He has but one desire, and that is to enslave and destroy all mankind. Satan is the in Inter-America greatest criminal in all history. By WESLEY AMUNDSEN, Departmental There are three basic phases in the develop Secretary, Inter-American Division ment of the individual the physical, the men tal, and the moral. Any person, any organiza DECENTLY I made a trip through several tion, or any government that deliberately plots of the local mission fields in Inter-Amer to weaken the physical powers of any group of ica for the purpose of developing the work people may be charged with attempted "physi of lay evangelism. We have for our training cal genocide." Any one who deliberately plots program an arrangement of ten-day schools to weaken the mental powers, to prevent the of lay evangelism, in which we teach not only normal development of these powers, or to keep methods of soul winning but also principles of certain facts and information from a particular health and how to give simple treatments. group can be charged with attempted "cultural In El Salvador we had opportunity to make genocide." Those who deliberately plot to cur a definite approach to the public through a tail, restrict, or prevent the development of the newspaper article on the evil effects of alcohol spiritual or moral powers of any particular upon the human body. We met the editor, who group of people can be charged with attempted personally prepared a write-up more than a "spiritual or moral genocide." column in length, introducing us to the reading The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 29 public as representatives of the International trinal evangelistic sermon; but I stated that if " Temperance Association. The manager of the they would permit me, I would like to present paper made appointments at two boys© schools the principles of health on those nights as well for me to demonstrate the evil effects of tobacco as on the others. Why should not Sunday nights upon the system. He now wants to know more be used in health-evangelism preaching? Peo about our methods and principles of teaching. ple are profoundly interested in health. They We talked to more than eight hundred boys and spend millions of dollars every year on medi young men, and found them, as well as their cines of various sorts. The hospitals are filled teachers, profoundly impressed. to overflowing with the sick. God has commit At our schools of lay evangelism we taught ted to us the greatest message on healthful liv principles of hygiene, sanitation, healthful liv ing that has ever been given to the world since ing, and simple facts about nutrition, and dem the days of Moses. We do well to pass it on to onstrated simple methods of giving treatments. others. Our hearers were much interested in these Those Sunday nights stand out in my mind principles and desired to know more. as mileposts along the pathway in the presenta Through the years there has been a tendency tion of health principles. Not only were our own on the part of some to abstain from teaching people present, but many nonmembers crowded health principles, especially those phases which into the building, and some stood on the outside. deal with foods, thinking that our people in At the close of the presentation I asked how lands outside the United States are not able to many had enjoyed the lecture and demonstra adapt themselves to these teachings. However, tion, and practically every hand was raised. the contrary is true. Our people are more than In Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, we again had the anxious to know how to live without the use of opportunity of presenting lectures on the evil harmful foods. effects of the use of tobacco before student I recall one of our ministers in Mexico, a bodies. In one school we talked to five hundred man who travels in the most difficult places. A young men, and in connection with the same few years ago he told me that he had found school we gave the lecture to six hundred young material of inestimable value for his health in women. The newspapers played up the affair; the writings of the Spirit of prophecy. He said, and, as in El Salvador, photographers took pic "Pastor Amundsen, for many years I have suf tures which were printed in the dailies. (The fered from stomach trouble. My trips away newspaper in El Salvador gave us two thirds from home were usually by muleback into the of a page showing a picture of me and my cig interior of the country. Food of the right kind arette-smoking apparatus demonstration. This was difficult to obtain, so I ate much flesh. But appeared on the front page.) every time I returned home I was ill. Then I Our time did not admit of carrying on a more read what Sister White had written regarding extensive program, for we had so much other the nonuse of flesh foods, and I said to my wife training work to do for our laymen. Neverthe that I was going to cease eating flesh. That was less, we have demonstrated to our entire satis a year ago. During this whole year I have faction, and to the satisfaction of many of our traveled just as much as ever, but have not suf ministers and administrators, that it is possible fered one day of stomach illness, and I have not to bring our message on health and temperance eaten any flesh foods." out into the open and give it to the public. This On my trip we also visited Bluefields, Nica is the time to move forward in a stronger way. ragua, and there I was invited by the head of Percy Manuel, who accompanied me on the the Moravian school to. speak to the student trips in the Caribbean Union, has also taken body. She asked me whether I expected to be hold of this program and used the cigarette there the following Sunday, saying that if so, demonstrator in connection with our ten-day she would be pleased to have me speak to the school of lay evangelism in the French West whole Sunday school of youth and adults on Indies, at Martinique. Others of our ministers the principles of temperance and health. expressed themselves as being much interested My trip then carried me over to the Carib in the presentation of health principles. bean Union, where I conducted a ten-day school Medical missionary work does not mean that of lay evangelism at Georgetown, British Gui we must have trained doctors and nurses to do ana. The brethren requested that I conduct the all the work. It means that ministers should studies on health principles at night in order also enter this field, and prepare themselves as that more of the church members might have best possible for the business of presenting the the opportunity of hearing the lectures. We had principles of health to the people. good attendance night after night. The ques "Let our ministers, who have gained an experience in preaching the word, learn how to give simple treat tion box was well patronized. I was careful not ments, and then labor intelligently as medical mission to enter into discussion of points .of health ary evangelists." Testimonies, vol. 9, p. 172. which necessitated the attention of a physician. "Every gospel worker should feel that the giving of It was of interest to me to see the large at instruction in the principles of healthful living, is a part of his appointed work. Of this work there is great tendance on the two Sunday nights. Some of need, and the world is open for it." Ministry of Heal the ministers thought we ought to preach a doc- ing, p. 147. Page 30 The Ministry, January, 1949 "We have come to a time when every member of foods for health. Nutrition and simple diet. the church should take hold of medical missionary Building strong, healthy bodies. work." Testimonies, vol. 7, p. 62. VI. WHY PEOPLE BECOME ILL. How are the members to be taught unless we all unite in this work doctors, nurses, and Major causes of illness. Sanitation and Hy ministers? The work is not to be left to our giene. Control of communicable diseases. Why hospitals and sanitariums and clinics. It is to disease ? be done by every church and every church VII. How TO KEEP WELL. member. -Too long have we neglected this im Eight essentials for good health: sunlight, portant phase of evangelistic service, and I, fresh air, proper food, pure water, proper exer personally, who am an ordained minister, a sec cise, physical rest, peace of mind, obedience to retary of various departments, with a multitude natural law. Natural remedies, etc. of things to do, nevertheless, believe that we VIII. OBEDIENCE TO LAWS OF HEALTH. should now take hold of the counsel Jhat the Man©s diet influences his well-being. Foods Lord has sent us regarding this work, and do it. to avoid. Dangers of pork eating. Natural reme Why, oh, why are we so slow to follow the dies better than drugs. counsel of the true Witness ? What is it that IX. DESTROYING THE TEMPLE (first part). holds us in a state of lethargy and carelessness, when we are told that "there is a message re Harmfulness of alcohol upon human system. garding health reform to be borne in every X. DESTROYING THE TEMPLE (second part). church"? Will not God hold us responsible for Harmfulness of tobacco upon human system. failing to pass on this light to those who sit in XI. HEALTH WITHOUT FLESH FOODS. darkness the darkness of error regarding First direct approach, in negative way, to physical, mental, and moral health? The world question of nonflesh diet. Endeavor to present awaits our coming with the message of true positive angle before this lesson closes. temperance and the teaching of health princi XII. FAITH ACCEPTS THE BEST. ples. Let us not keep the people waiting longer. Mental attitudes affect our eating and diges Health Education Series Lessons tion of foods. "Courage, hope, faith, sympathy, The following is a list of the subjects which love, promote health and prolong life." I have arranged, for the purpose of teaching Effects of proper relationship between mind health principles in our schools of lay evange and body. Encouraging each one to discipline lism, as well as in our churches. In the intro the mind at mealtime in order to obtain full duction I quote a number of ©statements in re benefit from eating. gard to the World Health Organization, the charter of which was signed by representatives * * * of sixty-one nations. That signing was said to be one of the most "historic events in the his Tributes to The Ministry tory of public health." The objective of the or READS EVERY LINE. "I would like to say how ganization, says Article I, "shall be the attain much I appreciate THE MINISTRY. I read every line of ment by all peoples of the highest possible level every issue." M. H. WHITTAKER, Minister, Sydney, of health." Attstralia. APPRECIATES HEALTH DEPARTMENT. "The health T. THE MAKING OF A MAN. department had some encouraging articles, and so help Dealing with the creation of man; his physi ful. I believe it is the finest paper we have today." cal constitution being made up of the elements Ds. L. A. MARTIN, Maiden, Massachusetts. of the earth which God made in beginning. VERY HELPFUL. "I find THE MINISTRY very help Consideration given to laws of nature which ful in bringing me up to date on the latest and best tactics of giving Bible studies and soul winning in gen govern healthful functioning of body. eral." JUNIS LUSK, Lay Preacher, Oakland, Cali II. How THE BODY Is SUSTAINED. fornia. Consideration given to provisions made for WELCOMED VISITOR. "THE MINISTRY is a wel sustaining the body, indicating that "if man and comed and helpful visitor in my home. I read each issue from beginning to end. I receive two copies of beast are to live and thrive, they must take unto THE MINISTRY each month. One I save and the other themselves the same substances as those of I clip and file." LAWRENCE F. KAGELS, Pastor, Cad which they are composed." DR. ARNOLD. illac, Michigan. III. How THE BODY WORKS. MOLDS THE MINISTRY. "Please keep THE MINIS TRY coming. Its function of keeping before the laborers Physiology of digestion, including right atti of the Advent Movement plans and actions undoubt tudes at eating time. Food from mouth to assim edly molds to a great extent the thinking of the Ad- ilation, and/or elimination. ventist ministry. It is good to keep in step the world around." HAL RUTHERFORD, Singing Evangelist, IV. BUILDING SOUND BODIES. Flint, Michigan. Classification of foods: carbohydrates, pro HIGHLY APPRECIATED. "As a zealous preacher of teins, fats, minerals, vitamins, etc. the three angels© messages I highly appreciate the kindly admonition and encouraging counsel THE MIN V. You ARE WHAT You EAT. ISTRY brings." H. G. STEARMAN, Lay Preacher, Nor How much should we eat? How to choose folk, England. The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 31 INTERN©S APPRECIATION. "In my opinion THE because of the admirable manner in which it combines MINISTRY is one of the most valuable periodicals that spiritual counsel with the essentially practical, and by a young worker could obtain. In it there is a wealth of reason of the fact that it upholds and endeavors to information concerning all phases of the work, solving keep constantly before the worker the principles upon many problems for the beginner." WILLIAM H. SOL- which our denomination has been built." LETITIA ONIUK, Intern, Oliver, British Columbia, Canada. ASHLEY, Nigeria, West Africa. WANTS EVERY ISSUE. "I trust that I may get every HELPFUL A_ND TIMELY. "Although no longer en issue of this fine magazine." C. E. SMITH, Pastor, gaged in public ministry, I find THE MINISTRY maga Boulder, Colorado. zine very helpful. I thought the articles on ©Modernism in Sheep©s Clothing," by Dr. Duffie, particularly BETTER SERVICE. "We are very grateful for the timely." H F. DE©ATH, Retired Minister, Watford, fine material supplied to us in that wonderful little England. paper, and I wish you much of God©s blessing as you endeavor to help the workers of God in all lands to do GREATLY APPRECIATED. "We greatly appreciate the a better service for Him from day to day. THE MIN fine things that are constantly coming through in THE ISTRY magazine certainly helps to bring that about." MINISTRY, and the efforts being made to promote N. B. NIELSES, Superintendent, Ethiopian Union Mis evangelism." W. C. MOFFETT, President, West Penn sion. sylvania Conference. COMBINES SPIRITUAL AND PRACTICAL "It has been APPRECIATED IN BURMA. "Those of us in this far my intention for some time to write and express my corner of the Lord©s vineyard appreciate very much gratitude for receipt of THE MINISTRY. The more I the monthly visits of THE MINISTRY magazine." read it, the greater my appreciation of it becomes, be FRANCIS R. SCOTT, Missionary, Burma. cause of its general tone of uplift and advancement, Please turn to page 58

PASTORAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES A Discussion of Opportunities, Problems, and Responsibilities

Pastor's Part in Field School the meetings later. In the workers© meetings I kept informed with the progress of the personal By HERBERT R. THURBER, Pastor, work. A record of interests was kept, and re Ashevttle, North Carolina ports were given, making it possible for thor ASHEVILLE, North Carolina, was the first ough follow-up work. ^ place the Southern Missionary College The evangelist and I kept in close touch with Field School of Evangelism was conducted. At each other week by week. We each tried to keep tending these classes in evangelism, and assist the other informed of needs and plans for the ing in the evangelistic work were eight married work. Indeed, Evangelist Banks was so co couples and five single men from the college. operative that when I think of it now, attempt Toward the end of the field school Dr. Wayne ing to analyze where his work and mine were McFarland taught and applied health evange separate, I cannot find a dividing line. Surpris lism. To teach the group, coordinating them ing as it may seem, he even asked me to baptize into a strong working force, was no small task. the new converts. When I did not refuse I Although there are always new lessons to learn found that was actually what he wanted me when stepping into new fields of endeavor, no to do! one could say that the work was not well done. The work for the summer was not easy. Since there are numerous details in connec Each day©s program was intense. Only a brief tion with public and personal work of this kind, time for the evangelistic company to stay in the I felt, from the very beginning of the work, that field, an early move from the high school audi the best help I could give as the local pastor torium to the church, and the closing of all would be to fit in wherever needed, after view public gatherings for two weeks because of a ing the over-all plan of the campaign. A man polio epidemic, present a picture that will im who has the leadership of such an undertaking press experienced workers with some of the deserves to feel that hre can call on the pastor ..summer©s problems. Nevertheless, God con for the help he needs. Some evangelists might verted twenty-one people to this message. More use a pastor©s willingness to help as a tool to are to follow. build his own house. This did not happen in After the group of workers from the college Asheville©s "Crusade for Christ." We crusaded returned to school, we carried on the meetings for Christ together. An evangelistic team doing in the church. One of our ministerial interns is otherwise is crusading for Satan. assisting us. Mrs. W. H. Anderson is working Upon request I acted as financial manager of as Bible instructor. We look forward in faith, the company. This was done through a local and back with pleasant memories, to the first checking account. With but few exceptions I field school of evangelism of Southern Mission attended all the night meetings and Monday ary College. We believe greater happiness in morning workers© meetings. In the night meet soul winning is achieved when we come to the ings I was able to follow the evangelistic trend. place where we are not concerned over which This helped me to know better how to carry on man receives the credit. Page 32 The Ministry, January, 1949 tended efforts with "a regular evangelistic com pany. The people were gathered into the meet Challenge of a World Task ing, not from the curious crowds on the streets, Mission Problems and Methods but through well-chosen advertising and an nouncements taken from door to door. We.soon found that we could fill our halls with people who came to listen, and stayed through the A New Evangelism in China—1 service to the end. Calls to consecration and the acceptance of truths were made. Names were By FREDERICK LEE, Associate handed in. The workers were organized to do Editor of the "Review and Herald" personal work. \X7"HEN our missionaries went to China Such meetings as this were conducted in vv forty-five years ago they followed prac most of the large cities of China in the Chi tices in gospel evangelism that had been car nese language. During some of these meetings ried on by other mission bodies for many institutes were held with special workers who years. The general plan was to secure some had been invited to participate in the meetings. store front on a main street of a town, and These men then were encouraged to go on and open a "chapel." Then a Chinese Christian hold a series of meetings in the same manner. who had some ability in speaking to groups of people was employed and set to work. Daily the JL HIS type of work was getting shutters were taken down, and half the chapel a good start when the wars that have afflicted front was opened to the crowds who passed by China for twelve years broke out. Now this during the day. Songs would be sung to attract new evangelism is being revived and greatly the people, and sometimes a bell would be rung extended in China. All our able workers are and people invited into the place as they hesi being encouraged to participate in it. At the be tated a moment at the sounds they were hear ginning of 1948 a large evangelistic institute ing. was held in Shanghai, and a goodly number of The meetings were a sort of continuous per evangelistic workers were able to attend this formance. They went on just as long as the meeting. Every aspect of a well-ordered evan evangelist felt at all able to speak, and it was gelistic effort was discussed. Plans were then astonishing what ability some of these men laid to begin at least fifty efforts of this type in manifested. Furthermore, they were not at all all parts of China. Each effort was to be con affected by the number in the audience. They ducted with a systematic course of subjects for seemed just as willing to preach to one as a not less than three months. dozen. And apparently it mattered not whether In connection with this widespread campaign the people stayed to listen for any extended I was invited to come to China and conduct an period or not. The audience was constantly effort with my son Milton, in the city of changing. This went on day in and day out for Peiping (Peking). This effort was typical of months and years. The message preached was the new evangelism that is reaping such excel just what the man was impressed to speak about lent -results all over China. at the moment. There was no list of subjects, The first matter of consequence was a suitable no time to begin or close. place of meeting. What was wanted was not Besides this type of work one more can be some place on a crowded thoroughfare where added temple preaching. The evangelist would only the passers-by might fill the place for a enlist some members, and they would go to the little time each evening. We looked for a central temple courts on special occasions when they location, and a place of good repute whether could expect large crowds. Then they would or not it was near the crowds. We wanted a stop at some point and begin singing. As the place where the meetings could be held in an people gathered round, someone would address orderly manner and under strict control. This them. After this tracts would be handed out. we settled by securing a large national audi Of course, the listeners were invited to the torium in a memorial park of the Forbidden chapel. But no attempt was made to secure City. It was one of the most popular places of names of interested people, either at the chapel assemblage in the city, but it had never before or on these expeditions, and little personal work been used as a place for Christian services. The was done. name of the place would help attract the best This is the kind of evangelistic work that was people. carried on for many years in the large and The auditorium was a long way from the small towns throughout China. But later some main thoroughfare, and inside a park, entrance of us launched out on a new program of evan to which was gained only by ticket. The big gelism, based quite largely on methods used in question was, Could we fill the hall and have a other countries where regular evangelistic cam good regular attendance for three months ? This paigns have been conducted with such success objective was met in a number of ways. in a suitable hall or in a well-ordered tent. One month before the effort church members Gradually we launched out into more ex- were divided up into groups and assigned to The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 33 language and present Bible truths that everyone should know. It stated that entrance would be by ticket only, and that tickets could be secured at such-and-such places. A large banner was put up be fore the park entrance. Announce ments were handed out from door to door by members and workers. Several modest, well-placed adver tisements were put in three leading newspapers. With this special em phasis at the beginning, and with the use of the ticket method, we were able to keep up a most excel lent attendance. At the first meet ing i,600 were in attendance. The hall was more than crowded. For the first month or two we had au diences from 800 to 1,000, and at times 1,200. Later the attendance went lower, after some of the test ing truths were presented. We found that one third to one half of our audience at first was made up of Christian people. They reacted the same as such people do in other countries when they first hear about the Sabbath. Opposition then began in all the churches, and the members were warned not to at tend the meetings. However, we es timated that our average attend ance for the whole effort was 500 Reproduction of Poster Advertising Pastor Lee's a night. Evangelistic Meetings in Peking So far as the meetings were con cerned we had little to attract the certain sections of the city. The members then people except the Bible truths we were present went out with invitations soliciting students for ing. A half-hour song service was conducted. the Bible correspondence school. About . one My son and I alternated in conducting this thousand names were secured before the meet service. The night I gave the lecture he led the ings began. Letters were sent to these names, song service. The night he spoke I conducted announcing the meetings and asking them to the service. Now and then we would have some send in for tickets for themselves and their special music. friends. Our best response came from this We used the projector mostly for .showing group. Before the meetings were half through the words of songs, the texts, and a few illus we had 2,500 enrolled in this Bible school, and trations. That which appealed to the people was these people were our best source in keeping the way we presented our subjects in a consec up a regular attendance at our meetings. We utive series and used the exact Bible texts to had two rallies during the series, especially for give authority to the truths we were present them, more than 1,200 attending each meeting. ing. The reading of the text on the screen by At the close of the series we had a graduating the audience while it was being read by the exercise, when 155 diplomas were handed out speaker tended to keep up the interest during to those who had completed the Bible lessons. the lecture. Many of these people were among those bap The ticket feature definitely helped to keep up tized. a regular attendance and increased the interest Another drawing factor was a large and of many who finally accepted the truth. On the striking poster. This was put up all over the border of the ticket numbers I to 60 were city. You could not go more than a block or printed, representing the number of subjects on two on the main streets of the city without tak which we were going to speak. These tickets ing note of this poster. It gave the first subject, were handed out on the third night of the meet which was "The Atom Bomb and the End of ing to those who requested them.©As the holders the World." It announced that two Americans, of these-tickets came to the door each evening, father and son, would speak in the Chinese Please turn to page 46 Page 34 The Ministry, January, 1949 THE PULPIT AND THE STUDY Biblical Exposition and Homiletic Helps

IV. Office and Work of the Holy Spirit Gifts and Fruit of the Spirit By TAYLOR G. BUNCH, Pastor, South Lancaster, Massachusetts

HEN Jesus ascended to heaven He talents or gifts. If every member made full use took with Him "a multitude of captives of these gifts the church would function nor W and gave gifts unto men." (Eph. 4:8, mally and would soon complete the appointed margin.) These were the prisoners of the grave task. This was the secret of apostolic success who were resurrected at the time of Christ©s during the Pentecostal showers of the early death. (Matt. 27:5:-S3.) They were the first rain, and this experience will be repeated dur fruits of His victory over death and the grave, ing the latter rain. Note these statements: and were taken to heaven to assist Him in the "All men do not receive the same gifts, but to every heavenly sanctuary service, since only redeemed servant of the Master some gift of the Spirit is prom ised. . . . The gifts are already ours in Christ, but their beings "taken from among men" could serve as actual possession depends upon our reception of the priests. It was Christ©s earthly experience that Spirit of God. The promise of the Spirit is not appre qualified Him to be our High Priest. (Heb. 2: ciated as it should be. Its fulfillment is not realized as 16-18; 4:14, 15.) it might be. It is the absence of the Spirit that makes the gospel ministry so powerless. Learning, talents, elo The gifts referred to are enumerated and quence, every natural and acquired endowment, may their purpose is set forth in Ephesians 4:11-15 be possessed; but without the presence of the Spirit of and i Corinthians 12. It is very evident that God, no heart will be touched, no sinner be won to Christ. . . . None need lament that they have not re their mission in the church has not yet been ac ceived larger gifts; for He who has apportioned to complished, and that the gifts will be needed every man, is equally honored by the improvement of until the gospel work is finished. These gifts each trust, whether it be great or small." Christ's Object Lessons, pp. 327, 328. will remain in the church until "all of us arrive "The Spirit of God, received into the soul, will at oneness in faith and in the knowledge of the quicken all its faculties. Under the guidance of the Son of God, and at mature manhood and the Holy Spirit, the mind that is devoted unreservedly to stature of full-grown men in Christ." Eph. 4:13, God, develops harmoniously, and is strengthened to comprehend and fulfill the requirements of God. The Weymouth. That they will play an important weak, vacillating character becomes changed to one part in preparing the remnant for translation is of strength and steadfastness." The Desire of Ages, evident from I Corinthians 115-8 and Revela p. 251. "Christ has promised the gift of©the Holy Spirit to tion 12:17; 19:10. The gift of prophecy will be His church, and the promise belongs to us as much as the chief cause of the final wrath of Satan. to the first disciples. But like every other promise, it These gifts of Christ to the church, are called is given on conditions. . . . We cannot use the Holy "spiritual gifts," or "the gifts of the Spirit," Spirit. The Spirit is to use us, . . . Only to those who wait humbly upon God, who watch for His guidance because they are bestowed and ministered by and gra.ce, is the Spirit given. The power of God the Holy Spirit, who, as Christ©s representa awaits their demand and reception. This promised tive, is head of the church in His stead and has blessing, claimed by faith, brings all other blessings in its train." Ibid., p. 672. been "sent down to direct the battle on earth." "The apostles and their associates were unlettered The Spirit distributes these gifts "to every man men, yet through the outpouring of the Spirit on the severally as He will." day of Pentecost, their speech, whether in their own It takes all these spiritual gifts to make a per or a foreign language, became pure, simple, and accu rate, both in word and in accent. . . . The humblest fect spiritual body, or church, and even those worker, moved by the Holy Spirit, will touch invisible "which seem to be more feeble, are necessary" chords, whose vibrations will ring to the ends of the in order "that there should be no schism in the earth, and make melody through eternal ages." Ibid., pp 821-823. body." i Cor. 12 :22, 25. Because of the necessity "The outpouring of the Spirit in apostolic days was of these various gifts in the successful operation the ©former ra_in,© and glorious was the result. But the of the church in its divinely appointed mission ©latter rain© will be more abundant. All who consecrate soul, body, and spirit to God, will be constantly re of world evangelism, Christians are counseled ceiving a new endowment of physical and mental to "covet earnestly the best gifts" so that they power. The inexhaustible supplies of heaven are at can serve the more effectually. their command. Christ gives them the breath of His "God hath given to every man his work" and own spirit, the life of .His o_wn life. The Holy Spirit puts forth its highest energies to work in heart and in order to fulfill His divine commission the mind. The grace of God enlarges and multiplies their Holy Spirit gives to every member one or more faculties, and every perfection of the divine nature The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 35 Jesus made it clear that the only safety against false prophets who come "in sheep©s ©clothing," while in character they are "raven ing wolves," is to judge them by their fruits, or works. ©©Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them." (See Matt. 7:15-20.) In this respect judging is not only permitted but absolutely necessary. We have a right to draw conclusions, from what we see in the lives of others as reve lations of their characters. Profession, position, or missionary activity are not sufficient in themselves as bases for judging. The Pharisees excelled in these re spects, as do the Moslems and many of the heathen in their religious devotions. It is some times difficult to identify flowers, shrubs, and trees until the fruit appears. "Be sure your sin will find you out," is a Scriptural expression which might be translated, "Be sure your fruit will find you out," or tell on you. It required millenniums for the fruit to reveal fully the character of Lucifer to the angels and unfallen beings so that they saw what God had known from the beginning. The selling of his Lord for the price of a slave was the ripened fruit of covetousness in the character of Judas which finally opened the eyes of the other disciples. The Scriptures describe two great character harvests called "the works of the flesh" and "the fruit of the Spirit." (See Gal. 5:16-25.) At the present time it is often difficult to distinguish between genuine and professed Christians. It is for this reason that the state ment is made regarding the wheat and the tares: "Let both grow together until the har vest." Then the separation can easily be made, because the fruit reveals the character of both. "The line of demarcation between worldlings and many professed Christians is almost indis tinguishable." Testimonies, vol. 8, p. 118. But when the fruit is fully ripe, it will be different. Largest stock in America. Over half a million books. (See Mal. 3:18.) Books classified by subject. Out-of-print books searched for. New book orders promptly filled. Cat These two harvests are described in Revela alog free. Correspondence and "Want List" invited. tion 14:14-19. The sickles are not applied until When writing please mention "The Ministry." both harvests are "fully ripe." In one class CHOOSE YOUR ELECTIVES from (he religious character is fully developed in righteousness, so classics of the past. OVER A QUARTER tha©t they "reflect the image of Jesus fully"; and MILLION VOLUMES to choose from. in the other iniquity and rebellion have fully 80 and 82 4th Ave. matured after the similitude of Satan. There SCHULTE©S BOOK STORE NEW YORK CITY can, therefore, be no question regarding the re wards received. comes to their assistance in the work of saving souls. The fleshly fruits constitute a terrible harvest Through co-operation with Christ they are complete which is the result of a former seed sowing. in Him, and in their human weakness they are enabled (See Gal. 6:7-9.) This harvest is visible every to do the deeds of Omnipotence." Ibid., p. 827. where in the world today, and is fast maturing In the light of these quotations it is evident for the sickles of the angel reapers. It is the lat that the gifts of the Spirit will never be able to ter rain that fully ripens both harvests, just as function perfectly and thus fulfill their mission the natural rain causes both wheat and tares until the church prays for and receives the Holy to grow and ripen together. The rejection of Spirit "in the fulness of divine power." Then God©s final offer of mercy under the convicting every gift will work harmoniously for the ac power of the Holy Spirit is the last act in re complishment of the divine purpose, and "every bellion that ripens iniquity to full maturity pre truly honest soul will come to the light of paratory to destruction. truth." The Great Controversy, p. 522. On the other hand, the fruit of the Spirit Page 36 The Ministry, January, 1949 For Ministers, Pastors, Evangelists

You will be glad to know that the numbered series Now in Two Colors of GOOD NEWS tracts Best of all, they are now in two has been rewritten, re colors. A list of the subjects fol vised, and re-illustrated. lows: 1. Are You Rich and Don©t Know It? 15. The Wages of Sin (The Bible) 16. The Second Death 2. A New World Order Is Coming 17. Angels (Daniel 2) 1 8. Spiritism 3. Tomorrow©s Climactic Event 19. The Seal of God and the Mark of () Apostasy 4. Signs of Christ©s Early Return 20. Righteousness by Faith 5. The Devil Chained 1,000 Years 21. The Holy Spirit and Its Gifts 6. God©s Homeland of Promise 22. The Ordinances of the Church (The New Earth) 23. Health and Religion 7. A Panorama of World Empires 24. Obedience the Mark of a True Christian (Daniel 71 25. Is Essential? 8. The Way to Happiness 26. Are You Two Beings In One? 9. The Two Sanctuaries (The Human Soul) 10. The Judgment When and Where? 27. Law and Grace 11. Love©s Timeless Code 28. The True Church Identified (The Law) 29. A Century of Destiny 1 2. Remember the Sabbath Day 30. Origin of Satan and Sin 1 3. The Lord©s Day in the New Testament 31. The Unpardonable Sin 14. How Sunday Keeping Started 32. The Messages of the Three Angels ECONOMICAL MISSIONARY LITERATURE These attractive missionary messengers in two colors may now be had for only $7.50 a thousand. Plan to use them in your missionary work this winter. We have a good supply ready for you. Sample set will be sent on request. The lettered series, A to I, is still in one color. Price, $4.75 a thousand. The titles follow: A. Is There a Remedy for Earth©s Troubles? F. Has God a Message for the World B. Can Man Bridge the River of Death? Today? C. Help for Every Time of Need G. What Can the Bible Do for Me? D. Can We Be Sure What to Believe? H. The Book of the Hour E. Hidden Gold at Your House I, Hidden Treasure

SEND ALL ORDERS TO YOUR BOOK AMD BIBLE HOUSE ———SOUTHERN PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION, NASHVIILE 2, TENNESSEE——— drawing nourishment from Christ, you bear fruit after the similitude of Christ." The Desire of Ages, p. 677. The Voice Governor "God does not ask them to make an effort to shine. He approves of no self-satisfied attempt to display su 160 pages, doth bound, $3.00 perior goodness. He desires that their souls shall be By Ralph M. Harper imbued with the principles of heaven, and then, as they come in contact with the world, they will reveal For Health and Voice Alike the light that is in them. Their honesty, uprightness, and steadfast fidelity in every act of life will be a "I think so much of your work, the Voice means of illumination." Testimonies, vol. 7, p. 143. Governor, that I put it on my required reading list for the voice class of the Yale Drama This harvest of the Spirit is also called "the School. Actors and public speakers are becom fruits of righteousness" in Philippines 1 : 1 1 . ing more and more aware of the fact that the "And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace best way to develop a good speaking voice is by developing a good singing voice, and that of them that make peace." James 3:18. Right neither of these goals can be achieved without eousness is first of all right being, which leads adequate breath control. Your writing on this to right doing. point is scientific and clear and cannot help but be useful to any student or teacher who "You must be good before you can do good. You will take the trouble to study it." MARSHALL can not exert an influence that will transform others BARTHOLOMEW, Associate Professor of Singing until your own heart has been humbled and refined and and Director of Undergraduate Musical Activ made tender by the grace of Christ. When this change ities, Yale University. has been wrought in you, it will be as natural for you "You will like this from the start. It is a to live to bless others as it is for the rose-bush to yield practical approach to the problem of tone sup its fragrant bloom, or the vine its purple clusters.© " port and control, in full harmony with Spirit Mount of Blessing, p. 183. of prophecy counsel concerning voice produc Webster defines righteousness as "purity of tion." GEORGE E. VANDEMAN, Associate Sec retary, Ministerial Association, S.D.A. heart and rectitude of life ; conformity of heart Order this elective in the 1949 M.R.C. from and life to divine law." It is a condition of heart and character which is manifested in good E. C. Schirtner Music Co. deeds, "the fruits of righteousness." 221 Columbus Avenue, Boston, 16, Massachusetts "Righteousness is holiness, likeness to God ; and ©God is love.© It is conformity to the law of God. . . . The righteousness of God is embodied in Christ. We receive righteousness by receiving Him. Not by pain is a beautiful harvest. (See Eph. 5:9.) God©s ful struggles or wearisome toil, not by gift or sacrifice, is righteousness obtained ; but it is freely given to people are called "trees of righteousness" in every soul who hungers and thirsts to receive it." Isaiah 61:3. In Psalms 1:1-3 His saints are Ibid., p. 34. said to be "like a tree planted by the rivers of The fruit of the Spirit is also the result of water," which "bringeth forth his fruit in his seed sowing. In 2 Corinthians 9:10 the counsel season." Every Christian is a tree of life bear is given: "Multiply your seed sown, and in ing twelve manner of fruit. He is therefore like crease the fruits of your righteousness." Reap Christ, the spiritual tree of life. ing what is sown is the unchanging law of pro "Christ is seeking to reproduce Himself in the duction in both the natural and the spiritual hearts of men; and He does this through those who be lieve in Him. The object of the Christian life is fruit- realms, not only in quality but also in quantity. bearing the reproduction of Christ©s character in the The harvest may not come till "after many believer, that it may be reproduced in others. ... As days," but it is certain in the end. you receive the Spirit of Christ, the spirit of unself ish love and labor for others, you will grow and bring Through the transforming power of the Holy forth fruit. The graces of the Spirit will ripen in your Spirit, the fruits of the flesh can be decreased character. Your faith will increase, your convictions to eventual elimination and the character fruits deepen, your love be made perfect. More and more you of righteousness increased to a full harvest. The will reflect the likeness of Christ in all that is pure, noble, and lovely. . . . Christ is waiting with longing maturity of this beautiful harvest, the first fruit desire for the manifestation of Himself in His church. of which is love will come as a result of the When the character of Christ shall be perfectly repro latter rain, and for this time of refreshing every duced in His people, then He will come to claim them leader in this movement should most diligently as His own." Christ's Object Lessons, pp. 67-69. pray. "The works of the flesh" indicate something done by man for which he is responsible. They are a human product. But "the fruit of the Spirit" indicates that the beautiful harvest is Tributes to The Ministry not the result of our own works, for which there is no room for boasting. This harvest is (Continued from page 32) the natural result of the indwelling of Christ LIVELY AND CHALLENGING. "I have always felt through His Spirit, which imparts to man the that THE MINISTRY was the liveliest and most chal lenging special magazine in this denomination. I feel "divine nature." Just as fruit is the natural that it brings something worth while to our premedical product of the tree, so the "fruit of the Spirit" students." H. F. HALENZ, Head of Science Depart comes without human effort. ment, E.M.C., Berrien Springs, Michigan. "The Saviour does not bid the disciples labor to bear CONNECTING LINK. "The magazine is a very es fruit. He tells them to abide in Him. . . . The life of sential help in our work out in these far-off places, as Christ in you produces the same fruits as in Him. Liv well as a connecting link with our brethren back ing in Christ, adhering to Christ, supported by Christ, home." L. J. NORRIS, Missionary, Cyprus. Page 38 The Ministry, January, 1949 A completely different series of tracts that will add power to the "right arm of the mes sage." This attractive and easily read conversa tional-style series, offers a wealth of possibili ties for missionary work. Such features as the lesson sheet; separate quiz paper; charts of food sources, values, and daily health require ments; suggestive menus; and the many reci pes, offer various avenues of usefulness. Here are a few suggestions. You will think of others.

Dorcas society cooking demonstrations Health education correspondence course Master Comrade classes Tract distribution campaign Diet and cooking classes Auxiliary course for your Bible correspondence school Start laying your plans now! Price, sample set, 35 cents. Quantity rates: package of 100, all one number (including quiz sheets), $1.30; 1,000 or more in unbroken packages of 100 (including quiz sheets), $J2 per 1,000. Quiz papers will not be sold separately.

The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 39 READS EVERY ARTICLE. "I read every article in help it contains."- -LEWIS PEDERSEN, East Stanwood, THE MINISTRY just as soon as it comes each month, Washington. and I treasure each one, especially those in the Bible instructor section." GERTRUDE BATTLE, Bible In GREATLY ENJOYED. "I enjoy the paper so much I structor, Mobile, Alabama. should not like to be without it." W. G. NICHOLSON, Evangelist, Dublin, Ireland. A GREAT HELP. "In my work among the Africans I find THE MINISTRY to be a great help, and I appre FOOD FOR THOUGHT. "It contains choice gems and ciate the many helpful articles and suggestions put out food for thought. I think a minister is definitely handi by you and your staff. I look forward to receiving my capped without it." PAUL W. KEMPER, Departmental monthly copy." K. G. WEBSTER, Director, Nyanchwa Secretary, Panama Conference. Mission, Kenya Colony, East Africa. SOURCE OF INSPIRATION. "Let me take this oppor INSPIRATION AND HELP. "I didn©t think I could af tunity to tell you again that THE MINISTRY has been ford THE MINISTRY. But I have decided that as a lay a source of inspiration and help to me for the sixteen preacher and church elder I need the inspiration and years of my ministry." JOHN W. OSEORN, Pastor- Evangelist, Seattle, Washington. ENJOYS GREATLY. "I do enjoy THE MINISTRY very much, and get much help from it. I look forward to it each time it comes, and have ever since I became acquainted with it in my college days." H. E. REIMCHE, Intern, Alberta, Canada. GUIDE AND COUNSELOR. "Now I am very desirous of completing my file of this indispensable guide and counselor. I prize each issue very highly and look forward to its coming from month to month." JOHN All Leather Zipper Case. M. HAYNAL, Minister, Aurora, Illinois. Will hold Preacher's HELPFUL AND ENLIGHTENING. "I really can©t af ford to be without it. THE MINISTRY is truly a very Bible and thin Hymnal. helpful and enlightening magazine. I read it from Price, $5.00, Tax Paid. cover to cover, and feel the inspiration of its messages. May it continue to raise the standard, and point the way to a more effectual ministry." ANNA E. GAY- Delivery anywhere in the United States, 25 LORD, Bible Instructor, Glendale, California. cents. Money refunded if not entirely satisfied. "JEHOVAH©S WITNESSES" ARTICLE. "I subscribed to THE MINISTRY on account of the articles on church O. J. FORMAN COMPANY denominations. Had a question answered in the first Monmouth, Illinois paper I received in the article on Jehovah©s Wit nesses." MRS. LILLIAN ARDISS, Portland, Oregon.

Yes, plan now for the maintenance of your liberty. "Eternal Vigilance Is the Price of Liberty." Send gift subscriptions through your conference to the leaders of your community, State, and nation. No effort has been spared to make the LIBERTY maga zine attractive in appearance, interesting in content, and helpful in discussing the principles and problems of religious liberty.

STEPS TO BE TAKEN NOW FIRST: LIBERTY should go to every Adventist home. SECOND: Give a liberal offering that LIBERTY may be sent to men and wo©men of importance all over the nation. $5 will pay for 12 subscriptions. $2.50 furnishes 5 subscrip tions. Two for $1. (Add 5 cents for each subscription to countries requiring extra postage.) Can we afford to do less? All the reli gious liberty offering is used for circulating the magazine LIBERTY.

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Page 40 The Ministry, January, 1949 oft Jl&sting Value Hilltop Verses and Prayers THE AMERICAN CHURCHES by Ralph Spaulding Cushman by William Warren Sweet One hundred and five simply phrased, deeply meaningful poems, arranged with prayers and " ©The purpose of this book is to Scripture references. A richly suggestive little identify the principal factors which book for private devotions and group worship. have made organized religion in "There is something about Bishop Cush- America what it is today.© And there man©s poetry that puts a song in is no one better fitted to interpret the heart." Church Management. $1.00 American religion than this expert. We believe he is the first to em phasize the role of ©left-wing Prot estantism© in the achievement of The Pastor's Legal Adviser American freedom." by Norton F. Brand and Verner M. Ingram The Churchman. $1.50 Here are concise summaries, in nontechnical terms, of 295 points of law with which the minister and the church are most often con PROTESTANT cerned. Contains a timely section on religious liberty and precise details on such matters as CHURCH BUILDING marriages, wills, tax exemptions, by William H. Leach Sunday laws, and church property. $2.00 "Using photographs, plans, and drawings, as well as lucid text, one Pathfinders of the World minister tells other ministers what American Protestantism is doing by Missionary Crusade way of building, or rebuilding, or by Sherwood Eddy improving church edifices. It is the minister rather than the technician "Inspiring life stories of men and women who ©talking common sense and good served the cause of Christ in foreign lands or who sought to interpret that cause and its building.© . . . The book is alto gether readable, and understand claims here at home." Missions. able, and serviceable to minister "Interesting and useful for almost everybody. and building commit- . . . Invaluable for leaders in missionary tee." 'Pastor's Journal. $3.00 education." International Jour nal of Religious Education. $2.75 Successful Letters WORLD CHRISTIANITY for Churches Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow by Stewart Harral by Henry P. Van Dusen "This volume is designed to serve the busy pastor; it specializes on personalized letters, " ©To an age destined to survive, if at and makes accessible helps never before all, as one world, we bring a World available to church leaders. It is more than Church.' This sentence summarizes a manual on letter writing; it conceives of the purpose and position of the the letter as a representative of the church, author. Dr. Van Dusen is deeply seri an intimate ambassador of good will, and ous in his espousal of ecumenicism, therefore worthy of the best the writer can but he shows, along with all the put into it. The author discusses the vari favorable facts, an admirable re ous objectives in letter writing, and shows straint." Review and Ex- how to get results." Broad- positor. $2.50 man Book Talk. $2.00

ABINGDON - COKESBURY—at Your Bookstore The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 41 program also includes training of colporteurs, improv ing translations and methods for translators at work in tribal languages, introducing the Scriptures _ to new The Religious Press literates, supplying raw materials to countries with Valuable Current Excerpts critical shortages, conducting gospel _ campaigns and buying new motor vans for use in Bible distribution. Christian Century, Oct. 20, 1948. MATERIALISM RAMPANT. There is ample ev ATOMIC FUTURE. It is an increasing tragedy idence to indicate that America no longer values its that the world©s introduction to atomic power has been birthright. A d_eclining church membership, the dearth by means of military destruction. This great discovery, of revivalism in evangelical circles, the rise of secu which could be employed to increase the comforts of larism in our schools, the flooding of our homes with mankind and add inestimably to the benefits they might popular literature definitely antagonistic to religious enjoy, is now s_o feared as to be hated. Jus_t now, faith all testify to the relinquishing of the grip upon atomic energy is the possession of the militarists. the birthright. Instead we see the hand of our America There is world-wide dread creeping into the hearts of reaching out eagerly for that savory meal so tempting men in many lands. The story of Nagasaki and Hiro to each new generation. Material wealth seems the shima has gone around the world. In comparison, little most desirable thing in the world right now. In the has been said as to the benefits which the great inven scuffle for a larger share of material rewards (in tion can bring to us. Some day, atomic energy will be which too often the Christian is found adding his bit come a means of commercial power. When that time as well), the spiritual heritage becomes increasingly conies, our whole economy will be metamorphosed. But expendable. Christian Digest, November, 1948. as things are now, we are looking upon atomic energy as a means of war. Watchman-Examiner, Oct. 28, ROMANIA CANCELS CONCORDAT. The Ro 1948. manian government has cancelled its official recogni tion of the Catholic Church by annulling a law of .AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY. The American June 12, 1929, which approved a concordat with the Bible Society seeks to increase its normal distribution Vatican. of Scriptures by 1,750,000 Bibles, 2,750,000 Testa A cabinet communique said the action had been ments and 5,500,000 Gospels annually for the next five taken "to insure full freedom of religion guaranteed years, Eric M. North, executive secretary, announced by the Constitution of the Popular Republic." here this week. The step-up in circulation will be the Commenting upon the,action, Universal, official pub society©s share in the five-year expansion program of lication, declared: overs_eas mission work being sponsored by the Foreign "The concordat gave Catholics a privileged posi Missions Cpnference through its 108 Christian foreign tion. It not only placed the Orthodox Church in an in mission boards of the U.S. and Canada. Approximately ferior position but constituted a grave blow to state four times the current annual expenditure of the so sovereignty, giving Catholics unlimited power to or ciety will be needed to finance the program. Principal ganize and administer their schools and other institu areas to receive the increased supply of Scriptures are tions." Latin America, China, the Philippines and Japan. The "Withdrawing these privileges which placed Catho-

FORGOTTEN OUT OF THE WOMEN LABYRINTH IN CONVENTS By L. H. LEHMANN By HELEN CONROY "A must for all those working to rescue Ro- (Sister Mary Ethel) man Catholics." A firsthand account of F. H. Yost in The convent life. Ministry. (Elective, 1949 Ministerial Read Price, $1.25 ing Course.)

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Page 42 The Ministry, January, 1949 seventeen Harper Books Recommended in the Annual Ministerial Reading Course

THE CHRISTIAN WAY IN RACE RELATIONS Edited by William Stuart Nelson—$2.50 HAVE THIS MIND Gerald Kennedy—$2.00 A MAN IN CHRIST James Stewart—$2.50 THE MODERN MESSAGE OF THE MINOR PROPHETS Raymond Calkins—$3.00 MALABAR FARM Louis Bromfreld—$3.75 PLEASANT VALLEY Louis Bromfceld—$3.00 100 GREAT TEXTS AND THEIR TREATMENT Frederick Barton—$1.95 THE PRACTICAL USE CYCLOPEDIA OF SERMON SUGGESTIONS G. B. P. HMock—$1.95 2500 BEST MODERN ILLUSTRATIONS G. B. F. Hallock—$1.95

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The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 43 lies under control of Rome, a foreign power," the article concluded, "is elementary in respecting equal Dan Hite's Clerical Shop ity of cults and assuring full sovereignty to our state." BUCHAREST [RNS] Beginning with the current Correct Clothes for the Clergy school year, religion will be no longer taught in Ro All-Wool Black Suits (Summer and Winter) manian schools. At the same time, the new cults law Sizes 34 to 50 prohibits the use of icons or other religious symbols in schools. Manhattan White Shirts An exception will probably be made for the two re Mallory Hats maining Orthodox and other seminaries. The Church Ottt-of-Toum Customer man, Nov. i, 1948. Trade Solicited UNITED CHURCH. Providence, R.I. Dr. E. Stanley Jones, evangelist, said here he met such an en DAN KITE couraging response on his second crusade for a United 801 No. Capitol Church of America during September that a national Street convention to promote the federal church union plan Wash. 2, D.C. will be held next fall. He said next year©s convention would be preliminary to calling a constitutional convention to effect an or ganization. Zions Herald, Oct. 21, 1948. CATHOLIC CHURCH MUSIC. Our readers will STEREOPTICON SLIDES remember the rumpus in our correspondence depart on the Third Angel©s Message ment when Dr. Richard T. Gore, of the College of Wooster, suggested that much of the music in Protes WHERE YOUR CREDIT IS GOOD tant services borders on the blasphemous. (June n, Not Made by Students. Write for terms to 1947, et passim.) It may comfort the purists in Prot estant ranks to be told that their Roman Catholic ALBERT F. PRIEGER brethren have as much trouble over the same questions, 312 W. Louisiana Ave., Tampa, Florida, U.S.A. and debate them with equal heat. Thus the National Catholic Music Educators Association, which held its convention in Rensselaer, Indiana, early this month, came out boldly for the elimination of all operatic music from wedding services good-bye Lohengrin GOSPEL TENTS and the Midsummer Night©s Dream march, to the re lief of others besides Catholics! and voted to "banish STEEL CLAD TABERNACLES forever" the Bach-Gounod, Schubert and_ Rosewig "Ave "E-Z" METAL SEAT ENDS Marias." "Only approved liturgical music" will be tol erated hereafter, and no women in the choir! Chris SMITH MANUFACTURING CO., DALTON, GA, tian Century, Sept. 22, 1948. Over SO Years in Business RIGHT TO KEEP SABBATH. An Orthodox Jewish woman who refused a job because it would have required her to work on , the Jewish Sabbath, has posed a thorny problem to the State Su PEWS-PULPIT SETS perior Court of Pennsylvania. She has challenged the decision of the State Unemployment Compensation Manufacturers of Everything for the Board of Review denying her unemployment compen sation. Her case has been placed before the high court Church and School by the American Jewish Congress. HUNTINGTON SEATING CO., In its apjpeal, the congress said that the ruling vio Dept. M, 480 Lexington Avenue New York 17, N.Y. lated constitutional guarantees of freedom of worship, and we are inclined to agree. The congress further contended that, in denying the woman©s claim, the Includ board of review violated the Constitution©s guarantee AUTOMATIC ing of equal protection of the law and no "deprivation of Federal liberty or property without due process of law." The DUPLICATORS• 39.75 Tax congress" also alleged that the board©s ruling had Includes equipment such as 6 stencils, ink, brush, etc. "grave implications" for religious persons of other NEW POSTCARD AUTOMATIC ...... $9.75 faiths. ... What the court will decide does not appear at this DUPLICATOR SUPPLIES writing, but we are convinced that no person should STENCILS—Postpaid be urged or required to violate the dictates of his con New "B," plain, quire ... , ...... $1.98 science by working on a day that he holds sacred. TOP-PRINTED ...... 2.15 Christian Advocate, Oct. 14, 1948. "BEST," plain, quire ...... 2.50 "BEST," TOP-PRINTED, auire ...... 2.75 PROTESTANT WEAKNESS. -Present-day Prot INK—Postpaid estant Christianity, the Christianity that ought to repre BLACK ECHO, % lb-, 50e; 1 Ib...... $ .80 sent our best American leadership, is weak in the face BLACK "BEST," % lb., 70c; 1 lb...... 1.20 of a spiritually sick world and the aggressive program Four COLORS, % lb. each color ...... 70 of Romanism and Communism. It is weak, not for POLIOS—Postpaid want of piety, or elaborate organizations, or growing "BEST," No. 56 200 designs for all church sea sons ...... $2.10 liturgical feeling. Nor yet because it lacks beautiful Miscellaneous designs for all purposes ...... 1.00 buildings and bulging budgets. It has all these. But it PAPER needs to know "All this, and Heaven too"! The Lu We have a nice assortment of paper. Send for samples. theran, Oct. 13, 1948. Varicolor Duplicator Co. TESTAMENTS FOR INDUCTEES. The Gid Dept. Min. Send for Catalog Shawnee, Okla. eons have purchased 500,000 New Testaments espe cially designed for the new peace-time army. These are being supplied to inductees who are inducted under the new draft law. They are being supplied by the local Say you saw it in THE MINISTRY Gideon Camps around the country. Christian Digest, November, 1948. Page 44 The Ministry, January, 1949 °

Tfte Ministry, January, 1949 Page 45 COMMITTEE FOR C.O.©s. Philadelphia. A Cen tral Committee for Conscientious Objectors with head quarters at 2006 Chestnut St. here, has been formed to assist those who violate the draft law by refusing to register and those who in World War II would have FOR BAPTISMS been classified as c.o.©s but are not so classified under the narrowed definition of the 1948 law. The commit FOR CHOIR tee plans to set up a lawyers© panel, to develop means for providing bail, to publish information, to fight for GRADUATION the release of any c.o. inducted into the army, and to cooperate with local agencies. Christian Century, {CAPS COWHS ... HOODS Oct. 6, 1948. JESUITS BARRED. Switzerland still bars Jesu oOEBESBSB its from that country. Dr. Enrice Celio, President of 7 WEST 36 ST» N6W YORK 18. N-Y- Switzerland and a Roman Catholic, recently deplored this ban which is a part of the© Swiss constitution of 1874. He stated: "One big shadow overhanging our constitution is the provision that the Jesuit Order and RARE GIFTS its affiliated societies may not be admitted in any part Pastors—Teachers—Children's Workers. A mil* lion boys and girls Inspired to "Youngsters for of Switzerland." Sweden is the only other country Christ" meetings by lovely rare gifts. Ages 8 to 13. that bars the Jesuits. As a result, both Sweden and 65,000 accepted Christ. First-time decisions. We Switzerland have been without wars or internal up can supply 52 different gifts. Very small cost. heavals for over a hundred years. Converted Catho Watch your class and S.S. grow. Give a Gift. lic, November, 1948. Thirty-five gifts for $1. Price list free. EVARETT MILLS, CHILDREN©S FRIEND COLLEGE CHAPLAINS ORGANIZE. More than 1301 West 58th Place, ISO college religious leaders from all parts of the Los Angeles 44, Calif. country recently organized the National Association of College and University Chaplains and Directors of Religious Life. The association will seek to promote the cause of religion on college and university cam puses. Staff members from all institutions of higher learning in the United States and Canada are eligible to join the new organization. Understanding, Sep . . . The LAST WORD in substan tember, 1948. tial, convenient folding organs. Marvelous volume, resonance, and purity of tone. Tropically treated. Famous over the world for 35 years. Write for free catalog. A New Evangelism in China A. L. WHITE MFG. CO., 1902 W. Grand Ave., Chicago 22 (Continued from page 34) an usher punched a hole in the number that represented the number of the subject to be given that evening. The people were thus en CLASSIFIED ADS couraged not to miss a meeting. Every so often Advertisements appropriate to The Ministry, appearing under this heading, four cents a word we would ask the people how many nights they for each insertion, including initials and address. had attended. We promised those who did not Minimum charge, one dollar for each insertion. Cash required with order. Address, The Ministry* miss more than ten nights of the sixty a special Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.C., U.S.A. remembrance. From the very first week calls were made for signatures and addresses of people interested in PROJECTOR FOR SALE securing literature on some subject, and oppor tunity was given to those who were willing to FOR SALE, SPENCER 1000-WATT SLIDE PROJECTOR take some step in accepting truths that had for small or large slides. Used only a few times. Retails for $285, will sell for $200. F. G. Roper, Route 1, Box 111 C, been presented to them. Thus a large list of Centralia, Washington. names was gathered in, and soon we had sev eral hundred addresses. These were divided CHALK TALK SUPPLIES among the workers assisting in the efforts, and YOU CAN ENTERTAIN FOR ALL OCCASIONS WITH each one was visited. If someone revealed a our Chalk Talk Material. Send 10 cents for our Illus special interest, this was indicated on a certain trated Catalog. Balda Art Service, Dept. 88, Oshkosh, Wis. list, and one of the evangelists visited that per son. Bible readings were given to clarify cer BEAUTIFUL COLORED SLIDES tain truths that had been presented. MAKE THE FACTS ABOUT ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO Thus as the weeks rolled by, we began to see interesting and convincing by beautiful colored slides at a goodly group being separated, as it were, 50c, 60c, or 95c. Health and Character Education Institute, Saluda, North Carolina. from the crowds who attended the services. The ushers noted their presence each evening, and before the service began, some worker would ___ NEW AND USED BOOKS ____ converse with them. It was an inspiration to USED RELIGIOUS BOOK CATALOG READY. WRITE note the large number who attended regularly. today. Baker Book House, Grand Rapids 6, Michigan. To be concluded in February Page 46 The Ministry, January, 1949 Special TUttce

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The Ministry, January, 1949 Page 47 JtxiTU ALISM ! Why do some seem course, there may be family duties and children to feel that the closer we can come to the de to care for. When the wife takes a job outside, corum and formality of the nominal churches, and works, possibly to get things she might not the more ideal will be our own service? The otherwise have, does she realize just how this Wesleyan movement broke away from the pomp reacts on the local church and community, and and ceremonialism of the Anglican Church on the conference committee? You would be which has an abundance. Go with me to the surprised if you knew the concern and disap famous Westminster Abbey, London, with its pointment that it brings. Better seek the coun morning matins, its "Choral Celebration of the sel of some faithful friends who will be frank Holy Communion," and its evening service. with you. Better go without some things rather Listen to its Tc Deums, its chants, its ancient than to jeopardize your husband©s future or re anthems translated from the Latin Catholic tard his progress, and prevent the church from originals, its processionals, and its recessionals. having its share of your talents and interest Consider its lighted candles, its stations, its al and service. Please think it through. Take the tar, and its sanctuary. Ponder its hymns from long-range view. Singleness of service includes John Keble, High churchman who, with John ministers© wives as well as the ministers.) Henry Newman and others, led the way back to Romanism through the Oxford Movement, which paralleled and countered the great Sec VULTURES AND BUZZARDS! ond Advent awakening, which was stirring all What a strange and revolting life a carnivo Britain and parts of the Continent in the early rous critic must live existing to find some decades of the nineteenth century. What sepa thing wrong, something contradictory, some ration principles are in conflict? What trends thing suspicious, something gossipy, something are palpably in evidence? Whither does it all smelly, something to pick over and chew on lead? Where is Protestantism going? Do we however small or inconsequential it may actu want its ritualistic trends? Ought we to imitate ally be. Often these morsels are half-truths, or even draw upon them? Is there any kinship fabrications, or whole lies. What a vocation for therein with our message, our worship, our a man made in God©s image, made to uplift his simplicity? Is this our ideal of worship wor fellow men! Such remind one of the vultures ship performed by clergy and choir in behalf soaring high in the blue dome above, with eagle of the people, with the people as mere specta eye and inordinately acute nostrils, ever on tors and passive recipients? There are those the alert for something dead, something pu who would go far in that direction. Let us trid, some fetid carrion on which they can feed. think this through. What has it done for the Vultures never sing. They perform little useful nominal churches? Is their worship our ideal? service in the economy of nature. They bring Is it a pattern for worship acceptable to God? no joy to anyone. They are not pleasant to look Let us keep this movement intact, distinctive, upon. They never fraternize with noble birds. ideal meeting the mind and revealed expecta They are scavengers, and are themselves tion of God. smelly. They are ostracized by the rest of the family of birds. They wifl often hover around C/ONFIDENTIAL ! This IS just to a sick or dying animal, waiting for it to expire. young preachers© wives; others need not read When very hungry they will kill a feeble lamb "beyond this point. (Now, just confidentially: or a wounded hare. Such is their valor and You are sincerely interested in your husband©s sense of sportsmanship. There are many varie success and future. You want him to grow in ties of these unsavory creatures vultures and value to the cause and in its service. You want buzzards, as well as falcons and diversified Ihim to grow in the confidence and esteem of types of hawks. The latter often attack their the brethren, and in responsibility. But are you prey stealthily, and commonly live on smaller helping him to succeed to the full, or are you defenseless mammals and lesser birds. Some unwittingly impeding his prospects? Under all have great wingspreads and are armed with normal circumstances the wife should be at the .curved beaks, powerful legs for striking, and husband©s side, helping him in his work, assist wicked claws for- seizing and rending their ing in the visiting, giving Bible studies, aiding prey. They rise to great heights, outsoaring with the music, keeping the books and records other birds, only to swoop down upon their of the meetings, or helping with the radio Bible defenseless prey. What a life a religious vulture correspondence school but ever at his side. Of must live! L. E. F. Page 48 The Ministry, January, 1949