F. Two Steps Forward… An ultra-romantic composer who spat it all out to cleanse his palate. A modernist composer who turned to romanticism to recover his national roots.  Schoenberg: Verklärte Nacht (1899), ending — Quatuor Ebène; poem by Richard Dehmel  Schoenberg: Pierrot Lunaire (1912), "Theft" — Hila Baggio; Israeli Chamber Project  Copland: Poet's Song (1927) — Meriel and Peter Dickinson  Copland: Appalachian Spring (1943), variations — Martha Graham Company; Aaron Sherber (c)

Names & Dates:

George Balanchine (1904–83), Charles Baudelaire (1821–67), Hans Bethge (1876–1946), Aaron Copland (1900–90), Gustave Class 12 December 8, 2020 Courbet (1819–77), Thomas Couture (1815–79), e. e. cummings (1894–1962), Jacques-Louis David (1748–1825), Claude Debussy (1862–1918), Richard Dehmel (1863–1920), Eugène Delacroix (1798–1863), Martha Graham (1894–1991), Arthur Hughes (1832–1915), Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), (1828–1909), John EverettMillais (1829–96), Gustave Moreau (1826–98), Maurice Ravel (1875–1937), Odilon Redon (1840– 1916), Ary Scheffer(1795 –1858), Arnold Schoenberg (1874– 1951), Richard Strauss (1864–1949), Henry Wallis (1830–1916), Walt Whitman (1819–92), Oscar Wilde (1854–1900), Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872–1958).

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Thank you all, for keeping me company on this epic exploration. It is just a pity that our Romance could not be face-to face! The Death of Romance The Death of Romance Courbet: Charles Baudelaire (1847, Montpellier) Baudelaire: The Setting of the Romantic Sun (1866) Because Romanticism involves so many aspects, and because it peaked at different times in different media in C. A Surfeit of Sensation different countries, it becomes difficult to determine the The French Symbolist movement in the last third of the 19th century, time, place, and cause of its death—if it ever did die. This and something of its international influence. Is it a late flowering of class is a partial attempt to examine the problem. Romanticism, or something else entirely?  Baudelaire: Harmonie du soir, read by Denis Lavant A. The Coroner’s Confusion  Debussy: Harmonie du soir, sung by Susan Graham Moreau: Salome Before Herod (1876, Hammer Museum LA) We start by looking at a single painting as a test case: The Death of Wilde: Salomé (1893) Chatterton (1856) by Henry Wallis. One Romantic artist honoring the Wilde: The Holy Courtesan (1894) death of another, almost a century earlier. Or is it as simple as that?  Strauss: Salome (1905). Salome and Jokanaan Wallis: The Death of Chatterton (1856, London Tate) — Nadja Michael, Michael Volle; Royal Opera House, London Millais: (1856, Manchester) Hughes: (1856, London Tate ) D. Into the Unknown Meredith: Modern Love, Sonnet 1 (1862) In the second hour, we hear a recital of 20th-century music, to show the perplexing afterlife of Romanticism in a mainly non-romantic age. B. Enemies of Daring First, voyaging out and looking back. We take a tour through French painting of the nineteenth century to Whitman: Passage to India (1870) look at how Romantic characteristics of imagination and daring were  Vaughan Williams: Sea Symphony (1909), ending threatened by other forces, including Academe, Sentiment, and (though — Sally Matthews, Roderick Williams; Osamu Sakari (c) with more complications) Realism.  Mahler: Das Lied von der Erde (1909), ending Couture: Romans in the Age of Decadence (1847, Paris Orsay) — Carolyn Watkinson; Kurt Sanderling (c) Couture: The Realist Painter (1865) Couture: Daydreams (1859, Walters Art Museum) E. Dancing on the Edge of the Volcano Millais: A Child’s World / Bubbles (1886, Port Sunlight) Ravel’s La valse as the obituary for a lost age, already dying from the Courbet: The Stonebreakers (1845, destroyed) rise of Modernism when the First World War struck the fatal blow. We Courbet: A Burial at Ornans (1850, Paris Orsay) shall watch the last five minutes of the Balanchine staging, in which Courbet: Woman with a Parrot (1866, NY Met) one woman amid the giddy crowd embarks on a dance with Death. Courbet: Woman with White Stockings (1864, Barnes Foundation)  Ravel: La valse, poème choréographique (1920), ending Courbet: The Painter’s Studio (1855, Paris Orsay) — George Balanchine, New Yok City Ballet