Introduction to Wibro (Mobile Wimax)

Introduction to WiBro (Mobile WiMAX)

Sep. 29. 2005

Han-Seok Kim Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Contents

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Why Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX services WiBro in Korea WiBro overview WiBro project milestone Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX Samsung contributions in 802.16e Samsung Mobile WiMAX solution Network architecture Product roadmap Research Issues

83 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX What is Mobile WiMAX?

Mobile WiMAX is a Wireless Broadband access technology based on IEEE 802.16e standard.

WiBro is the Korean Wireless Broadband access service compliant with IEEE 802.16e standard.

84 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Korean Telecom Market Trend

Broadband Market Mobile Data Market

(Unit: Million) 17,447 79% (Unit: US $M) 77% 15,861 73% 14,941 64% 13,813

12.2 11.2 11.8 9.9 7.8 TT 26% TT 3,326 2,217 2% 1,204 534 0.3 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2001 2002 2003 2004June, 2005 Cellular revenue Total broadband subscriber Mobile data revenue Broadband household penetration

Source: MIC Source: KISDI

■ Broadband market is saturated Extend to new biz. Segment (Wireless) Provide new service for mobile data users ■ Mobile data market is rapidly growing ( More bandwidth per user and inexpensive service charge) ©2005 Samsung Electronics 5

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Challenges in Telecom. Biz

Wireline Broadband WiFi Hot Spot

Enough Speed Unlicensed Spectrum Portability Good Quality Advanced Lack of Coverage Wi-Fi Subscriber Saturation Limited Public No Mobility Network Service ? 3G Challenges& 3G Success Enhancement Enhanced Good Coverage Enhanced Data Rate 3G Int’l Roaming Enhanced Services Camera/Polyphonic (BCMCS, PTT, VoIP, etc) Good Voice Quality

Limited Spectrum Limited Spectrum Limited Data Speed Cost Issue

85 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Why Mobile WiMAX

Analysis of Customer Needs

WLAN Wireless Internet (1x+EVDO) Limited Mobility Low Data Speed Limited Coverage Expensive Price

Needs of Enhanced Mobility, Coverage, Speed & Price advantage

Mobile WiMAX

Wireless Internet Wired B.B. Internet * WLAN * Mobile WiMAX ** (EVDO)* 1. Home (90 %) 1. School/Work (72 %) 1. Home (41 %) 1.Enterprise Place 2. Company (30 %) 2. Home (26 %) 2. School/Work (31 %) 2.Home residential consumer 3. PC Cafe (22 %) 3. Airport ( 1 %) 3. In Movement (26 %) 3.Lap top users, Multimedia 1. Information Search Similar with Broadband 1. Ring-tone/Melody 1. Commerce / Government Service 2. Game Internet Service 2. Game 2. Media / Public Safety 3. e-mail 3. Music 3. VOIP / LBS/ Gaming Mobility - None Mobility - Low Mobility - High Mobility - High Price -low Price - Low Price - High Price - Low Comparison Security – Good Security - Low Security - Fair Security - Good Data Speed - High Data Speed - High Data Speed - Low Data Speed - Fair

* Source: NIDA (’04.10) ** Anticipated

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Positioning of Mobile WiMAX

User Drivers - Always on Best Connected (ABC), Anywhere and Anytime - Inexpensive services and applications Operator Drivers - Mobile broadband solution, not Fixed - Fixed Mobile Converged services/applications

High Throughput DSL/ Cable WLAN 4G Mobile Communication

Mobile WiMAX

3G Mobile Communication

Fixed Mobility

86 Mobile WiMAX Services Mobile WiMAX Services Positioning

f Low cost, mobile broadband networking

Mobility Mobile WiMAX services position enabler

High 3G 1. Mobility - Service in 120km/hr - Fixed Æ Mobile internet access Broadband 802.16e - Dual mode service synergy Internet (802.16e + cellular)

2G 2. Broadband Guaranteed - UL 512, DL 128kbps guaranteed service Mobility - Cellular base Æ Internet base WLAN - Rich contents multimedia service xDSL 3. Low cost - Low tariff to subscribe Wide Bandwidth - Low investment risk

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Towards 4G Services

Mobility 1995 2000 2005 2010

4G4G High NGNG MobileMobile WCDMA ServiceService OFDMAOFDMA 3G 2G/2.5G Medium EvDo Mobile Cellular/PCS Core Access Technology Mobile WiMAX MIMOMIMO (802.16e)

Pedestrian 802.16d SmartSmart Ant.Ant.

Stationary 2.4GHz 5GHz Fixed WLAN WLAN Wireless Access Data Rate Voice Date Image/ Video High Quality Streaming/ Graphic Multimedia • OFDMA : Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access ©2005 Samsung Electronics 10 • MIMO : Multi Input Multi Output

87 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX 802.16e Business Segment

Mobile Nomadic

. Wireline incumbents VoIP - KT, BT, FT : Expanding its business to . Bundle service mobile market -KT/KTF . Greenfield operator : Cellular + WLAN - New player : Service convergence

. Wireline operators . Mobile operator - Telefonica, UPC, Telkom - Sprint, KDDI, SKT - mmO2, M1 - SingTel : Wireless DSL : High speed data network : Wireless Backhaul: Orange

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX 802.16e Business Model

Mobile Nomadic

“Alternative mobile”

Data . Wireline based network convergence + (Supported by Single 802.16e terminal) “WLAN + Cellular bundle” VoIP - IMS Core network useful

. Potential threat to mobile operator

“Hotzone” “Mobile Broadband” . Wireless DSL/Backhaul Data . Wireless based network convergence - Competition with FWA(802.16d) (DBDM terminal necessary) - WLAN complementary - GSM, CDMA complementary . Wider and seamless Internet access - Mobile roaming market considered . Biz solution for private hotzone owner (shopping mall, Amusement Park)

88 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX Services

z MMS + IM z Telematics z VoIP - Traffic Info. - Location search z PTA here here - PTT (Push to talk- 1:N telephony) z LoBlog - PTD (Push to Data - Send data during PTT) - LBS + Blog - PTV (Push to Video - 1:N Video telephony)

Messaging & LBS Communication “Anytime, Anywhere and Any device” Personalized Multimedia Public Safety z Emergency z AOD/ MOD z Surveillance z VOD zSecurity z Streaming Broadcasting zDatabase Lookup z Interactive Gaming

Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX Global Status

▪ Mobile WiMAX is so faster than expected . ’05.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Profile to be ratified . ’06.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Certification

▪ A Great momentum for Mobile WiMAX booming-up . ’07.1Q: Intel plans to roll out Mobile WiMAX chip to be embedded in Laptop

▪ Mobile WiMAX Show Case in Korea . ’06.4 @Korea: World 1’st commercial launch of Mobile WiMAX

▪ Superior performance to the other BWA technologies . vs. WiFi and Fixed WiMAX’06.4

▪ The major telecom vendors are participating in Mobile WiMAX, not “Monitoring” . Lucent, Alcatel, Motorola, ZTE, Huawei

89 WiBro in Korea

WiBro in Korea WiBro overview

WiBro is the “Wireless Broadband” service in Korea

WiBro is based on Mobile WiMAX technology and Mobile WiMAX is fully compliant with IEEE 802.16e TDD OFDMA Standards

The World 1st Telco-grade commercial service by April 2006 in Korea

90 WiBro in Korea WiBro Regulation

Specification Policy ▪ WiBro is compliant with IEEE 802.16e standards

Key Requirements ▪ Min. Transfer rate : DL=512 Kbps, UL=128Kbps ▪ Channel bandwidth : ≥ 9MHz ▪ Inter-Vendor Roaming ▪ Frequency Reuse Factor is '1' ▪ Duplex = TDD & Tx/Rx Time Slot Synchronization over operators

WiBro in Korea WiBro positioning on WiMAX Forum

WiMAX forum profiles

Fixed WiMAX Mobile WiMAX (802.16d) (802.16e)

Freq: 2.3G, 2.5G, 3.5G, … Freq: 3.5G, 5.8G, … Ch. BW: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 1.75, 3.5, 7, 14, 28, Ch. BW: 4.375, 8.75, 17.5 MHz 3.5(FDD), 7/10(TDD), … MHz WiBro Freq: 2.3G Ch. BW: 8.75MHz

91 WiBro in Korea WiBro Concept

Trend

Mobility Multimedia Convergence Ubiquitous

Concept of WiBro

Cellular 3G WiBro

Anywhere High Low price Mobile Anytime Throughput ; Internet ; ~ 60km/h ; Always on ; 1Mbps/user flat fee Seamless

: WiBro is the stepping stone for 4G

WiBro in Korea Korean WiBro Project Milestone

Aug.Aug. 20042004 : : DeliberationDeliberation CommitteeCommittee ofof PolicyPolicy

Sep.Sep. 20042004 : : DeterminationDetermination ofof thethe SelectionSelection PolicyPolicy forfor WiBroWiBro ServiceService ProvidersProviders Oct.Oct. 20042004 : : AnnouncementAnnouncement ofof thethe 2.32.3 GHzGHz BandwidthBandwidth AllocationAllocation

Dec.Dec. 20042004 : : RequestRequest foforr thethe BusinessBusiness ProposalProposal

Feb.Feb. 20052005 : : SelectionSelection ofof thethe WiBroWiBro ServiceService ProvidersProviders (KT,(KT, SKT)SKT)

Apr.Apr. 20062006 : : WiBroWiBro ServiceService OpenOpen (Commercially)(Commercially)

92 WiBro in Korea WiBro/ IEEE 802.16e Standardization Status

WiBro Standardization Roadmap (by TTA)

Select the IEEE 802.16e for the baseline of WiBro standardization (’04.July)

Phase I Phase I Rev. Phase II

June 2004 Oct. 2004 4Q ‘04 ~ 4Q ‘05

• 802.16 d/e • 802.16 d/e • IOT Profile - Profile Statement(’05.1Q) WiBro WiBro - Spec Work (’05.2Q) - Spec completion (’05.3Q)

IEEE 802.16e Standardization Roadmap (by IEEE)

Issue Issue Issue Standard 802.16e/D5 802.16e/D6 802.16e/D7 Ratification

Sep. 2004 Feb. 2005 April. 2005 Oct. 2005

WiBro in Korea WiBro Business Status in Korea

OperatorsOperators yy KT,KT, SKTSKT CommercialCommercial ServiceService :: KT(AprilKT(April '06) '06) SpectrumSpectrum yy 2300MHz2300MHz ~~ 2327MHz2327MHz yy 2331.5MHz2331.5MHz ~~ 2358.5MHz2358.5MHz yy 2363MHz2363MHz ~~ 2390MHz2390MHz

93 WiBro in Korea Specification - Physical Layer

Frequency Band : 2.3 GHz Channel Bandwidth : 9MHz Multiple Access : TDD/OFDMA Modulation : QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM(DL Only) Channel Coding : CTC(Convolutional Turbo Code), CC Key Features : AMC, H-ARQ, etc Frame Length : 5msec Maximum Data Rate : DL-19.97 Mbps, UL-5.53 Mbps RAS Synchronization : GPS Cell Coverage : urban ~ 1Km

WiBro in Korea Specification - MAC Layer (1/3)

Flexible Bandwidth Allocation by MAP –Frame by Frame Supports flexible QoS offering – BE, rtPS, nrtPS, UGS, ertPS Efficient MAC PDU construction –Variable size MAC PDU – Fragmentation, Packing, Concatenation Connection-oriented Supports header suppression ARQ Awake mode / Sleep mode / Idle mode QCS (Quick Connection Setup) Handover – MBB(Make-Before-Break), BBM(Break-Before-Make) – FBSS(Fast BS Switching)

94 WiBro in Korea Specification-Network Layer

IP version –IPv4 –IPv6 IP QoS –Diffserv – Packet classification and mapping to MAC transport connection Mobility – L2 mobility for seamless handover –Mobile IP Authentication/Security – EAP / PKI – RADIUS / DIAMETER Network Management –SNMP – Self-configuration capability

Standardization

95 Standardization 802.16 Standards Genealogy

802.16 (2001) Fixed wireless broadband for LOS systems MAC & PHY: 10 – 66 GHz 802.16c (2002)

802.16a Amendment for N-LOS Systems Amendment (2003) Fixed wireless broadband for System Profiles PHY: 2 - 11 GHz 10 - 66 GHz Path Evaluation Evaluation Revision PAR for 802.16, 802.16a 802.16-Revd Fixed wireless broadband (July 2004) 802.16f (MIBs) System Profiles, Errata and 802.16g Now Approved as 802.16-2004! (NETMAN) planned 802.16e Amendment for Combined Fixed and Mobile (2Q 2005) wireless broadband at vehicular speeds in Licensed bands below 6 GHz

Standardization 802.16 Technologies

802.16 802.16a / REV d 802.16e

802.16a: Jan 2003 Estimate: 2Q Completed Dec. 2001 802.16 REV d: Q3 2004 of 2005

Spectrum 10 to 66 GHz < 11 GHz < 6 GHz

Channel Line-of-sight only Non line-of-sight (NLOS) Non line-of-sight Conditions

QPSK, 16 QAM 256 OFDM, 2K OFDMA Same as REV d Modulation and 64 QAM 64 QAM, 16 QAM, BPSK 1K/512/128 OFDMA

Mobility, Regional Mobility Fixed Fixed and Portable Roaming

Selectable channel bandwidth Channel between 1.25 and 28 MHz, 20, 25 & 28 MHz Same as REV d Bandwidths with up to 16 logical sub- channels

3 to 5 miles; Maximum range 30 Typical Cell miles based on tower height, 1 to 3 miles 1 to 3 miles Radius antenna, gain and transmit power (among other parameters)

96 Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX

WiMAX Status • WiMAX currently focused on fixed applications i.e. 802.16d and has growing membership (170+) • Major telco(3G) vendors are rushing in WiMAX • Nokia rejoined WiMAX and Samsung is the latest heavy hitter

Created Mobile Working Group focused on 802.16e under WiMAX • Define mobility charter and structure with major stakeholders • Activate mobility technical WG and certified WG • Profile 802.16e standards (current D5 spec.) to WiMAX specification • Time to market delivery of mobile wireless broadband • Harmonize major 3G vendors with full ecosystem vendors

Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX (For Fixed Applications)

Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX Notes

Access Technology OFDMA / TDD OFDM / TDD TDMA Technology Standard 802.16d + 802.16e 802.16d IEEE802.16-2004 = 16d General FFT Size 2048, 1024, 512, 128 256 Scalable OFDMA in 16e

Mobility support Full mobility, Fixed Fixed Handover in 16e

Delay spread Coverage Full coverage Limited coverage Low rate coding

Cell Low Rate Coding QPSK 1/12 BPSK 1/2 Deployment Frequency Reuse No freq. planning for 1 or n ( n≥3) n (n≥3) pattern (FRP) FRP=1

Robust FEC, Fast link Mobile WiMax is > 3dB deeper than WiMax Building Penetration adaptation, Band-AMC, (estimated) Hybrid-ARQ in 16e

Peak Throughput DL: 19.97Mbps DL: 18.32Mbps DL : UL = 2 : 1 Throughput (SISO) UL: 5.53Mbps UL: 6.11Mbps Performance (8.75MHz) Average Throughput Mobile WiMax is > 30% higher than WiMax (Fixed application) (estimated)

97 Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX

Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX Notes

Header compression VoIP Efficient Bad (ECRTP, ROHC), ErtPS in 16e

Provided Handover Not provided (FBSS, Hard)

Broadcasting Service Provided Not provided MBS in 16e

Awake mode Power saving Always Awake Hand-held device in 16e Idle & Sleep mode

Standardization Advantages over Fixed WiMAX

Mobile WiMAX encompasses fixed application ▪ More scalable bandwidth ▪ Comparable or superior to Fixed WiMAX

Mobility support ▪ Up to 120km/h

Enhanced Service Features ▪ MBS (Multicast Broadcast Service) support ▪ VoIP facilities ▪ Security

98 Standardization Samsung contributions to 802.16d/e

Samsung is a major contributor in 802.16d/e ¾ Subchannelization, H-ARQ, MIMO/AAS, Fast BS Switching (FBSS) , QCS (Quick Connection Setup), Idle mode

IEEE 802.16 d/e Number of Comments Number of Contributions Meeting Total Samsung Total Samsung

Session #31 (May ’04) 270 52 53 26

Session #32 (July ’04) N/A N/A 120 42

Session #33 (Sep. ’04) 457 75 132 35

Session #34 (Nov. ’04) 1973 96 142 30

Session #35 (Jan. ’05) 377 54 106 25

Play a role as an arbitrator

¾ Harmonize and Socialize with other participants

9 3G vendors (e.g., Nortel, Motorola), Intel, Runcom, etc.,

9 LDPC (TI, Nextel, LGE, ZTE, Nortel, Motorola, Intel, Runcom) ¾ Make special interest group as Ad hoc : Handoff, Security

Standardization WiMAX Forum Organization

New Groups WiMAX Forum President: Ron Resnick Application WG Intel Tom Tofigh AT&T

Network WG Prakash Lyer Intel

Mobility TG Marketing WG Service Provider WG Regulatory WG Certification WG Technical WG Won-il Roh Mo Shakouri Dean Chang Margaret LaBrecque Aditya Agrawal Gordon Antonello Samsung Alvarion Aperto Intel Beceem OFDM-Forum

99 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution

Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution 802.16e Network Architecture

RAS(Radio Access Station) ACR(Access Control Router) WSM(WiMAX System Manager) AAA(Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) HA (Home Agent)

WSM

100 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution 802.16e Network Architecture with IMS core

• IMS : IP Multimedia Subsystem CCF HSS EMS Parlay GW • MG / MGW : Media Gateway DNS/ENUM • PTT : Push-to-Talk PTT AS • AS : Application Server DHCP Core Core • IM : Instance Messaging Router Router Presence AS • CCF : Charging Collection Function AAA • HSS : Home Subscriber Server • EMS : Element Management System IMS Server IM AS IMS Core Network Edge MR Router System WSM Core Router Core Router MG Controller

ACR ACR IMS - MGW

Backhaul Backhaul PSTN RAS RAS RAS

MSS • MSS : Mobile Subscriber Station PDA MSS Mobile MSS • RAS : Radio Access Station • ACR : Access Control Router Subnet - 0 Subnet - 1 • WSM : WiBro System Manager

Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Network Elements: WSM

Network Management Center WSM Server CORBA,SNMP,CMIP NMS Interface (customizable) OSS Mgmt. Function-FCAPS GUI Network SNMP Interface Interface Printer ACR

IP Network SNMP

HTTP , TCP/IP RAS SNMP

WSM GUI Client (Java/Web App. on RAS Printer any platform ) Printer

Items Interface Protocol note Server ÅÆ Client 100 Base-T HTTP, RMI EMS : SNMP Server ÅÆ ACR, RAS FE/ GE SNMP, FTP Performance Data: FTP Server ÅÆ NMS Customizable

101 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Network Elements: RAS, ACR

RAS ACR

PHY Processing, Air Packet Classification & Resource Scheduling Header Suppression MAC Management Service Flow Message Processing Management MAC PDU Processing 802.16e Traffic Switching/ CID Management Access Integration Point Encryption /Decryption Handover Management ACR Interface Network Session Management Inter-sector HO RAS Interface Processing Core Networks Interface

Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Mobile WiMAX Product Roadmap The first Mobile WiMAX System/Terminal available 1Q ‘06

’06.1Q ’06.2Q Domestic Product Overseas Product ‘07 2.3GHz 2.3/2.5/3.5GHz

Std RAS 3FA/3S, 20W Universal RAS Campus RAS RAS multi-FA/multi- sector, 20W Mini RAS RAN 3FA/Omni, 20W Home RAS

Hybrid ACR ACR Std. ACR

CPE PCMCIA Card External Modem

Terminal Phone Type Type MITS Phone

102 Research Issues

Research Issues

ARQ Impact of ARQ parameters such ARQ block size, max number of retransmissions IP-aware MAC such as ARQ operation based on not only ARQ block but also IP packet vs. H-ARQ Scheduler Less complex, more efficient, better QoS Handover Less overhead, shorter break time Etc

103 ThankThank You!You!

104