Introduction to WiBro (Mobile WiMAX)
Sep. 29. 2005
Han-Seok Kim Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
©2005 Samsung Electronics 1
Contents
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Why Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX services WiBro in Korea WiBro overview WiBro project milestone Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX Samsung contributions in 802.16e Samsung Mobile WiMAX solution Network architecture Product roadmap Research Issues
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83 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX What is Mobile WiMAX?
Mobile WiMAX is a Wireless Broadband access technology based on IEEE 802.16e standard.
WiBro is the Korean Wireless Broadband access service compliant with IEEE 802.16e standard.
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84 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Korean Telecom Market Trend
Broadband Market Mobile Data Market
(Unit: Million) 17,447 79% (Unit: US $M) 77% 15,861 73% 14,941 64% 13,813
12.2 11.2 11.8 9.9 7.8 TT 26% TT 3,326 2,217 2% 1,204 534 0.3 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2001 2002 2003 2004June, 2005 Cellular revenue Total broadband subscriber Mobile data revenue Broadband household penetration
Source: MIC Source: KISDI
■ Broadband market is saturated Extend to new biz. Segment (Wireless) Provide new service for mobile data users ■ Mobile data market is rapidly growing ( More bandwidth per user and inexpensive service charge) ©2005 Samsung Electronics 5
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Challenges in Telecom. Biz
Wireline Broadband WiFi Hot Spot
Enough Speed Unlicensed Spectrum Portability Good Quality Advanced Lack of Coverage Wi-Fi Subscriber Saturation Limited Public No Mobility Network Service ? 3G Challenges& 3G Success Enhancement Enhanced Good Coverage Enhanced Data Rate 3G Int’l Roaming Enhanced Services Camera/Polyphonic (BCMCS, PTT, VoIP, etc) Good Voice Quality
Limited Spectrum Limited Spectrum Limited Data Speed Cost Issue
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85 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Why Mobile WiMAX
Analysis of Customer Needs
WLAN Wireless Internet (1x+EVDO) Limited Mobility Low Data Speed Limited Coverage Expensive Price
Needs of Enhanced Mobility, Coverage, Speed & Price advantage
Mobile WiMAX
Wireless Internet Wired B.B. Internet * WLAN * Mobile WiMAX ** (EVDO)* 1. Home (90 %) 1. School/Work (72 %) 1. Home (41 %) 1.Enterprise Place 2. Company (30 %) 2. Home (26 %) 2. School/Work (31 %) 2.Home residential consumer 3. PC Cafe (22 %) 3. Airport ( 1 %) 3. In Movement (26 %) 3.Lap top users, Multimedia 1. Information Search Similar with Broadband 1. Ring-tone/Melody 1. Commerce / Government Service 2. Game Internet Service 2. Game 2. Media / Public Safety 3. e-mail 3. Music 3. VOIP / LBS/ Gaming Mobility - None Mobility - Low Mobility - High Mobility - High Price -low Price - Low Price - High Price - Low Comparison Security – Good Security - Low Security - Fair Security - Good Data Speed - High Data Speed - High Data Speed - Low Data Speed - Fair
* Source: NIDA (’04.10) ** Anticipated
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Positioning of Mobile WiMAX
User Drivers - Always on Best Connected (ABC), Anywhere and Anytime - Inexpensive services and applications Operator Drivers - Mobile broadband solution, not Fixed - Fixed Mobile Converged services/applications
High Throughput DSL/ Cable WLAN 4G Mobile Communication
Mobile WiMAX
3G Mobile Communication
Fixed Mobility
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86 Mobile WiMAX Services Mobile WiMAX Services Positioning
f Low cost, mobile broadband networking
Mobility Mobile WiMAX services position enabler
High 3G 1. Mobility - Service in 120km/hr - Fixed Æ Mobile internet access Broadband 802.16e - Dual mode service synergy Internet (802.16e + cellular)
2G 2. Broadband Guaranteed - UL 512, DL 128kbps guaranteed service Mobility - Cellular base Æ Internet base WLAN - Rich contents multimedia service xDSL 3. Low cost - Low tariff to subscribe Wide Bandwidth - Low investment risk
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Towards 4G Services
Mobility 1995 2000 2005 2010
4G4G High NGNG MobileMobile WCDMA ServiceService OFDMAOFDMA 3G 2G/2.5G Medium EvDo Mobile Cellular/PCS Core Access Technology Mobile WiMAX MIMOMIMO (802.16e)
Pedestrian 802.16d SmartSmart Ant.Ant.
Stationary 2.4GHz 5GHz Fixed WLAN WLAN Wireless Access Data Rate Voice Date Image/ Video High Quality Streaming/ Graphic Multimedia • OFDMA : Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access ©2005 Samsung Electronics 10 • MIMO : Multi Input Multi Output
87 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX 802.16e Business Segment
Mobile Nomadic
. Wireline incumbents VoIP - KT, BT, FT : Expanding its business to . Bundle service mobile market -KT/KTF . Greenfield operator : Cellular + WLAN - New player : Service convergence
. Wireline operators . Mobile operator - Telefonica, UPC, Telkom - Sprint, KDDI, SKT - mmO2, M1 - SingTel : Wireless DSL : High speed data network : Wireless Backhaul: Orange
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX 802.16e Business Model
Mobile Nomadic
“Alternative mobile”
Data . Wireline based network convergence + (Supported by Single 802.16e terminal) “WLAN + Cellular bundle” VoIP - IMS Core network useful
. Potential threat to mobile operator
“Hotzone” “Mobile Broadband” . Wireless DSL/Backhaul Data . Wireless based network convergence - Competition with FWA(802.16d) (DBDM terminal necessary) - WLAN complementary - GSM, CDMA complementary . Wider and seamless Internet access - Mobile roaming market considered . Biz solution for private hotzone owner (shopping mall, Amusement Park)
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88 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX Services
z MMS + IM z Telematics z VoIP - Traffic Info. - Location search z PTA here here - PTT (Push to talk- 1:N telephony) z LoBlog - PTD (Push to Data - Send data during PTT) - LBS + Blog - PTV (Push to Video - 1:N Video telephony)
Messaging & LBS Communication “Anytime, Anywhere and Any device” Personalized Multimedia Public Safety z Emergency z AOD/ MOD z Surveillance z VOD zSecurity z Streaming Broadcasting zDatabase Lookup z Interactive Gaming
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Mobile WiMAX Global Status
▪ Mobile WiMAX is so faster than expected . ’05.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Profile to be ratified . ’06.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Certification
▪ A Great momentum for Mobile WiMAX booming-up . ’07.1Q: Intel plans to roll out Mobile WiMAX chip to be embedded in Laptop
▪ Mobile WiMAX Show Case in Korea . ’06.4 @Korea: World 1’st commercial launch of Mobile WiMAX
▪ Superior performance to the other BWA technologies . vs. WiFi and Fixed WiMAX’06.4
▪ The major telecom vendors are participating in Mobile WiMAX, not “Monitoring” . Lucent, Alcatel, Motorola, ZTE, Huawei
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89 WiBro in Korea
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WiBro in Korea WiBro overview
WiBro is the “Wireless Broadband” service in Korea
WiBro is based on Mobile WiMAX technology and Mobile WiMAX is fully compliant with IEEE 802.16e TDD OFDMA Standards
The World 1st Telco-grade commercial service by April 2006 in Korea
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90 WiBro in Korea WiBro Regulation
Specification Policy ▪ WiBro is compliant with IEEE 802.16e standards
Key Requirements ▪ Min. Transfer rate : DL=512 Kbps, UL=128Kbps ▪ Channel bandwidth : ≥ 9MHz ▪ Inter-Vendor Roaming ▪ Frequency Reuse Factor is '1' ▪ Duplex = TDD & Tx/Rx Time Slot Synchronization over operators
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WiBro in Korea WiBro positioning on WiMAX Forum
WiMAX forum profiles
Fixed WiMAX Mobile WiMAX (802.16d) (802.16e)
Freq: 2.3G, 2.5G, 3.5G, … Freq: 3.5G, 5.8G, … Ch. BW: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 1.75, 3.5, 7, 14, 28, Ch. BW: 4.375, 8.75, 17.5 MHz 3.5(FDD), 7/10(TDD), … MHz WiBro Freq: 2.3G Ch. BW: 8.75MHz
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91 WiBro in Korea WiBro Concept
Trend
Mobility Multimedia Convergence Ubiquitous
Concept of WiBro
Cellular 3G WiBro
Anywhere High Low price Mobile Anytime Throughput ; Internet ; ~ 60km/h ; Always on ; 1Mbps/user flat fee Seamless
: WiBro is the stepping stone for 4G
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WiBro in Korea Korean WiBro Project Milestone
Aug.Aug. 20042004 : : DeliberationDeliberation CommitteeCommittee ofof PolicyPolicy
Sep.Sep. 20042004 : : DeterminationDetermination ofof thethe SelectionSelection PolicyPolicy forfor WiBroWiBro ServiceService ProvidersProviders Oct.Oct. 20042004 : : AnnouncementAnnouncement ofof thethe 2.32.3 GHzGHz BandwidthBandwidth AllocationAllocation
Dec.Dec. 20042004 : : RequestRequest foforr thethe BusinessBusiness ProposalProposal
Feb.Feb. 20052005 : : SelectionSelection ofof thethe WiBroWiBro ServiceService ProvidersProviders (KT,(KT, SKT)SKT)
Apr.Apr. 20062006 : : WiBroWiBro ServiceService OpenOpen (Commercially)(Commercially)
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92 WiBro in Korea WiBro/ IEEE 802.16e Standardization Status
WiBro Standardization Roadmap (by TTA)
Select the IEEE 802.16e for the baseline of WiBro standardization (’04.July)
Phase I Phase I Rev. Phase II
June 2004 Oct. 2004 4Q ‘04 ~ 4Q ‘05
• 802.16 d/e • 802.16 d/e • IOT Profile - Profile Statement(’05.1Q) WiBro WiBro - Spec Work (’05.2Q) - Spec completion (’05.3Q)
IEEE 802.16e Standardization Roadmap (by IEEE)
Issue Issue Issue Standard 802.16e/D5 802.16e/D6 802.16e/D7 Ratification
Sep. 2004 Feb. 2005 April. 2005 Oct. 2005
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WiBro in Korea WiBro Business Status in Korea
OperatorsOperators yy KT,KT, SKTSKT CommercialCommercial ServiceService :: KT(AprilKT(April '06) '06) SpectrumSpectrum yy 2300MHz2300MHz ~~ 2327MHz2327MHz yy 2331.5MHz2331.5MHz ~~ 2358.5MHz2358.5MHz yy 2363MHz2363MHz ~~ 2390MHz2390MHz
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93 WiBro in Korea Specification - Physical Layer
Frequency Band : 2.3 GHz Channel Bandwidth : 9MHz Multiple Access : TDD/OFDMA Modulation : QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM(DL Only) Channel Coding : CTC(Convolutional Turbo Code), CC Key Features : AMC, H-ARQ, etc Frame Length : 5msec Maximum Data Rate : DL-19.97 Mbps, UL-5.53 Mbps RAS Synchronization : GPS Cell Coverage : urban ~ 1Km
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WiBro in Korea Specification - MAC Layer (1/3)
Flexible Bandwidth Allocation by MAP –Frame by Frame Supports flexible QoS offering – BE, rtPS, nrtPS, UGS, ertPS Efficient MAC PDU construction –Variable size MAC PDU – Fragmentation, Packing, Concatenation Connection-oriented Supports header suppression ARQ Awake mode / Sleep mode / Idle mode QCS (Quick Connection Setup) Handover – MBB(Make-Before-Break), BBM(Break-Before-Make) – FBSS(Fast BS Switching)
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94 WiBro in Korea Specification-Network Layer
IP version –IPv4 –IPv6 IP QoS –Diffserv – Packet classification and mapping to MAC transport connection Mobility – L2 mobility for seamless handover –Mobile IP Authentication/Security – EAP / PKI – RADIUS / DIAMETER Network Management –SNMP – Self-configuration capability
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Standardization
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95 Standardization 802.16 Standards Genealogy
802.16 (2001) Fixed wireless broadband for LOS systems MAC & PHY: 10 – 66 GHz 802.16c (2002)
802.16a Amendment for N-LOS Systems Amendment (2003) Fixed wireless broadband for System Profiles PHY: 2 - 11 GHz 10 - 66 GHz Path Evaluation Evaluation Revision PAR for 802.16, 802.16a 802.16-Revd Fixed wireless broadband (July 2004) 802.16f (MIBs) System Profiles, Errata and 802.16g Now Approved as 802.16-2004! (NETMAN) planned 802.16e Amendment for Combined Fixed and Mobile (2Q 2005) wireless broadband at vehicular speeds in Licensed bands below 6 GHz
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Standardization 802.16 Technologies
802.16 802.16a / REV d 802.16e
802.16a: Jan 2003 Estimate: 2Q Completed Dec. 2001 802.16 REV d: Q3 2004 of 2005
Spectrum 10 to 66 GHz < 11 GHz < 6 GHz
Channel Line-of-sight only Non line-of-sight (NLOS) Non line-of-sight Conditions
QPSK, 16 QAM 256 OFDM, 2K OFDMA Same as REV d Modulation and 64 QAM 64 QAM, 16 QAM, BPSK 1K/512/128 OFDMA
Mobility, Regional Mobility Fixed Fixed and Portable Roaming
Selectable channel bandwidth Channel between 1.25 and 28 MHz, 20, 25 & 28 MHz Same as REV d Bandwidths with up to 16 logical sub- channels
3 to 5 miles; Maximum range 30 Typical Cell miles based on tower height, 1 to 3 miles 1 to 3 miles Radius antenna, gain and transmit power (among other parameters)
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96 Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX
WiMAX Status • WiMAX currently focused on fixed applications i.e. 802.16d and has growing membership (170+) • Major telco(3G) vendors are rushing in WiMAX • Nokia rejoined WiMAX and Samsung is the latest heavy hitter
Created Mobile Working Group focused on 802.16e under WiMAX • Define mobility charter and structure with major stakeholders • Activate mobility technical WG and certified WG • Profile 802.16e standards (current D5 spec.) to WiMAX specification • Time to market delivery of mobile wireless broadband • Harmonize major 3G vendors with full ecosystem vendors
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Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX (For Fixed Applications)
Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX Notes
Access Technology OFDMA / TDD OFDM / TDD TDMA Technology Standard 802.16d + 802.16e 802.16d IEEE802.16-2004 = 16d General FFT Size 2048, 1024, 512, 128 256 Scalable OFDMA in 16e
Mobility support Full mobility, Fixed Fixed Handover in 16e
Delay spread Coverage Full coverage Limited coverage Low rate coding
Cell Low Rate Coding QPSK 1/12 BPSK 1/2 Deployment Frequency Reuse No freq. planning for 1 or n ( n≥3) n (n≥3) pattern (FRP) FRP=1
Robust FEC, Fast link Mobile WiMax is > 3dB deeper than WiMax Building Penetration adaptation, Band-AMC, (estimated) Hybrid-ARQ in 16e
Peak Throughput DL: 19.97Mbps DL: 18.32Mbps DL : UL = 2 : 1 Throughput (SISO) UL: 5.53Mbps UL: 6.11Mbps Performance (8.75MHz) Average Throughput Mobile WiMax is > 30% higher than WiMax (Fixed application) (estimated)
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97 Standardization Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX Notes
Header compression VoIP Efficient Bad (ECRTP, ROHC), ErtPS in 16e
Provided Handover Not provided (FBSS, Hard)
Broadcasting Service Provided Not provided MBS in 16e
Awake mode Power saving Always Awake Hand-held device in 16e Idle & Sleep mode
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Standardization Advantages over Fixed WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX encompasses fixed application ▪ More scalable bandwidth ▪ Comparable or superior to Fixed WiMAX
Mobility support ▪ Up to 120km/h
Enhanced Service Features ▪ MBS (Multicast Broadcast Service) support ▪ VoIP facilities ▪ Security
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98 Standardization Samsung contributions to 802.16d/e
Samsung is a major contributor in 802.16d/e ¾ Subchannelization, H-ARQ, MIMO/AAS, Fast BS Switching (FBSS) , QCS (Quick Connection Setup), Idle mode
IEEE 802.16 d/e Number of Comments Number of Contributions Meeting Total Samsung Total Samsung
Session #31 (May ’04) 270 52 53 26
Session #32 (July ’04) N/A N/A 120 42
Session #33 (Sep. ’04) 457 75 132 35
Session #34 (Nov. ’04) 1973 96 142 30
Session #35 (Jan. ’05) 377 54 106 25
Play a role as an arbitrator
¾ Harmonize and Socialize with other participants
9 3G vendors (e.g., Nortel, Motorola), Intel, Runcom, etc.,
9 LDPC (TI, Nextel, LGE, ZTE, Nortel, Motorola, Intel, Runcom) ¾ Make special interest group as Ad hoc : Handoff, Security
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Standardization WiMAX Forum Organization
New Groups WiMAX Forum President: Ron Resnick Application WG Intel Tom Tofigh AT&T
Network WG Prakash Lyer Intel
Mobility TG Marketing WG Service Provider WG Regulatory WG Certification WG Technical WG Won-il Roh Mo Shakouri Dean Chang Margaret LaBrecque Aditya Agrawal Gordon Antonello Samsung Alvarion Aperto Intel Beceem OFDM-Forum
• WiMAX Forum is preparing Mobility Deployment • Samsung is a Board Member of WiMAX Forum • Samsung chairs the Mobility TG and is vice-chair of Network WG ©2005 Samsung Electronics 34
99 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution 802.16e Network Architecture
RAS(Radio Access Station) ACR(Access Control Router) WSM(WiMAX System Manager) AAA(Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) HA (Home Agent)
WSM
WSM
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100 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution 802.16e Network Architecture with IMS core
• IMS : IP Multimedia Subsystem CCF HSS EMS Parlay GW • MG / MGW : Media Gateway DNS/ENUM • PTT : Push-to-Talk PTT AS • AS : Application Server DHCP Core Core • IM : Instance Messaging Router Router Presence AS • CCF : Charging Collection Function AAA • HSS : Home Subscriber Server • EMS : Element Management System IMS Server IM AS IMS Core Network Edge MR Router System WSM Core Router Core Router MG Controller
ACR ACR IMS - MGW
Backhaul Backhaul PSTN RAS RAS RAS
MSS • MSS : Mobile Subscriber Station PDA MSS Mobile MSS • RAS : Radio Access Station • ACR : Access Control Router Subnet - 0 Subnet - 1 • WSM : WiBro System Manager
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Network Elements: WSM
Network Management Center WSM Server CORBA,SNMP,CMIP NMS Interface (customizable) OSS Mgmt. Function-FCAPS GUI Network SNMP Interface Interface Printer ACR
IP Network SNMP
HTTP , TCP/IP RAS SNMP
WSM GUI Client (Java/Web App. on RAS Printer any platform ) Printer
Items Interface Protocol note Server ÅÆ Client 100 Base-T HTTP, RMI EMS : SNMP Server ÅÆ ACR, RAS FE/ GE SNMP, FTP Performance Data: FTP Server ÅÆ NMS Customizable
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101 Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Network Elements: RAS, ACR
RAS ACR
PHY Processing, Air Packet Classification & Resource Scheduling Header Suppression MAC Management Service Flow Message Processing Management MAC PDU Processing 802.16e Traffic Switching/ CID Management Access Integration Point Encryption /Decryption Handover Management ACR Interface Network Session Management Inter-sector HO RAS Interface Processing Core Networks Interface
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution Mobile WiMAX Product Roadmap The first Mobile WiMAX System/Terminal available 1Q ‘06
’06.1Q ’06.2Q Domestic Product Overseas Product ‘07 2.3GHz 2.3/2.5/3.5GHz
Std RAS 3FA/3S, 20W Universal RAS Campus RAS RAS multi-FA/multi- sector, 20W Mini RAS RAN 3FA/Omni, 20W Home RAS
Hybrid ACR ACR Std. ACR
CPE PCMCIA Card External Modem
Terminal Phone Type Type MITS Phone
All products, dates, plans and features are preliminary and subject to change without notice. ©2005 Samsung Electronics 40
102 Research Issues
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Research Issues
ARQ Impact of ARQ parameters such ARQ block size, max number of retransmissions IP-aware MAC such as ARQ operation based on not only ARQ block but also IP packet vs. H-ARQ Scheduler Less complex, more efficient, better QoS Handover Less overhead, shorter break time Etc
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103 ThankThank You!You!
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