Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10(2): 271-274 (1997)

NOTES

A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS WESE TH TN COASI INTERIOD TAN SABAF RO H

Julius Kulip

Forestry Research Centre, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 , ,

usee traditionaf Th so l medicinal plant relievinn si g symptom diseasf so curind ean g various infections date back many centuries. In recent years, considerable interest has developed in Asian countrie collectioe th n si extended n an indigenouf o e dus introduced san d plants for medicinal purposes (Guntavid 1992, Kulip 1996). Knowledg medicinaf eo l plants sha been the key for the survival of the ethnic groups who live in the interior. Peoples who live far from towns and in forests still rely on traditional cures handed down to them through the generations. They use these plants in one form or another to cure or alleviate a variety illsf r exampleo fo , , toothache, stomach-ach malariad ean . This report describes a number of plants still being used for medicinal purposes in various district Sabahf so , especially wher people eth e cannot avail themselve hospitao st l facilities. It was prepared to meet the growing need to learn about local medicinal plants in Sabah, and also to provide an ethnobotanical basis for chemical and pharmaco- logical studies gatheo T . r information botanisa , t interacted directly wit e villagerhth s experienced in the preparation and administration of various plant remedies. The survey was conducted in various districts in the west coast and interior parts of Sabah, namely , Pitas, , , Papar, , , , , Soo d Pinangahkan . Thirteen village eighn i s t district d threan s e sub-districts were involved. Specimen f plantso s , know r theinfo r cure f specifiso c illnesses, were collected an d recorded by their local names. Voucher herbarium specimens were identified and lodged at the State Forestry Herbarium in Sandakan.

Tabl . Ethnobotanicae1 l application Sabaf so h medicinal plants

Medical use Botanical name Tribal name Part used

Antidote Aralia montana (Araliaceae) Golungang (Kd) Young leaves bambusa vulgaris (Bambusaideae) Tamahang (Kd) Outer bark powder Barringtonia sp. (Lecytidaceae) Tampalang (Kd) Inner bark

Antihelminthic Coix lachryma-jibi (Gramineae) Tigiu (Kd) Root Paedaria verticellata (Rubiaceae) Taud (Kd) Any part

Antimalarial Menispermaceae Baba) (L s Sap Alstonia angustiloba (Apocynaceae) Tombirong (Kd) Latex Brucea javanica(Simaroubaceae ) Monomopuru (Kd) Ripe fruit Panacium palmifolium(Gramineae) Tandaki (Kd) Young leaves

Alopecia Euphorbiaceae Taagon) g(L Leaves

Asthma Costus sp. Silok (L) Sap Costaceae , Tongkur-ongkur (Kd) Young shoot Drynaria sparisona (Polypodiaceae) Tapako (Kd) Rhizome

continued 271 272 Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10(2) -271 27 : 4 (1997)

Tabl (continuede1 )

Cassia . (Leguminosaesp ) Wollu (Kd) Stem Murremia gracilis (Convovulaceae) Malagatas (Kd) Sap

Beri-beri Ampelocissus imperiales (Vitaceae) Tabai (Kd) Young leaves Cassia alata (Leguminosae) Kayabau (K) Root Cinnamomum sp. (Lauraceae) Makalabau (Kd) Young leaves Etlingera punicea (Zingiberaceae) Tuhau (Kd) Young shoot

Burnt skin Lycopoilium sp. (Lycopodiaceae) Pogou (Kd) Stem, twi leaveg& s

Chest complaint Dillenia excelsa (Dilleniaceae) Doingin (Kd) Sap Fagrea racemosa (Loganiaceae) Todopon puok (Kd) Root

Colic Fissistigma latifolium (Annonaceae) Sumbun (Kd) Sap Flacourlia rukam (Flacourtiaceae) Peripot (Kd) Root

Cough Ellipanthus tomentosus (Compositae) Bidon (Kd) Root Ficus sp. (Moraceae) Tongkungkop (Kd) Sap from the root . sp (Violaceae a Rinore ) Posiou (Kd) Fruit leaves Centellaasiatica (Umbiliferae) Salapid (Kd) Smok inhale b o et e Coix lachryma-jobi (Gramineae) Dalai (Kd) Young stem Justicia gendarussa (Acanthaceae) Tolonsi (Kd) Young leaves

Diabetes Plantago major (Plantaginaceae) Bung) a(L Whole plant

Eczema Menispermaceae Babas (L) Leaves

Febrifuge Cucurbita sp. (Cucurbitaceae) Timun belanda (L) Fruit

Gastritis Compositae Udu amek (L) Root

Germicide Mallolus macrostachys (Euphorbiaceae) Dahu (Kd) Root

Headache Justicia gendarussa (Acanthaceae) Sikapapar (Kd) Leaves Flacourtia sp. (Flacourtiaceae) Peropot (Kd) Leaves

Hemophilic Hanguana sp. (Hanguanaceae) Tambaka (Kd) Whole plant Intsia palembanica (Leguminosae) Tupin (Kd) Leaves

Influenza Amydrium medium (Araceae) Kulimpiau (Kd) Entire plant Brucea javanica (Simaraoubaceae) Kuinin (Kd) Fruit Coix lachryma-jobi (Gramineae) Dalai (Kd) Root or young leaves . (Costaceaesp s Costu ) Sidbu-sidbu (Kd) Young shoot

Insect repellent Acorus calamus (Araceae) Guo sanit (R ) Rhizome Komburongoh (Kd)

Intensive Plantago major (Plantaginaceae) Bunga (L) Whole plant cleanser/Wound Liliaceae Bawang sia (L) Seed

Jaundice Fibraurea tinctoria (Menispermaceae) Tonsisilou or Takop (Kd) Stem

Measles Alocasia sp. (Araceae) Tanom (Kd) Stem Croton sp. (Euphorbiaceae) Kalayon (Kd) Root

Myorelaxant Hanguana malayana (Hanguanaceae) Nalu kapar (Kd) Leaves

continued Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10(2): 271 -274 (1997) 273

Tabl (continuede1 )

Pancreatitis Alphitonia incana (Rhamnaceae) Pukudit) a(Kd Leaves Blumea balsamifera(Compositae) Tawaw) o(Kd Leaves Merremia gracilis (Convovulaceae) Gatas-gatas (Kd) Sap Tetrastigma . (Vitaceaesp ) Lipoi (Kd) Sap Humutanthus . (Euphorbiaceaesp ) Tombubuto (Kd) Stem Hoya coronaria (Asclepidaceae) Wida (Kd) Young leaves

Rheumatism Homalanthu populneus Dolimato (Kd) Young leaves (Euphorbiaceae) Uvaria sp. (Annonaceae) Langad-langad (Kd) Whole plant

Ring worm Cassia alata (Leguminosae) Manggarut (Kd) Leaves

Shivering Ficus elliptica (Moraceae) Hintotob) u(Kd Root

Skin cancer Liliaceae Bawang sia (L ) Leaves

Sprain Abutilon indicum (Malvaceae) Tindokot or Root and leaves Tondorupang (Kd)

Stomach-ache Barringtonia . (Lecythidaceaesp ) Tampalan) g(Kd Bark Brucea javanica (Simaroubaceae) Magapar so Ripe fruit Tinimug di ikus(Kd) Eurycoma longifolia (Simaroubaceae) Tombuid or Root or leaves Monompur) u(Kd Sida acuta (Malvaceae) Bulitoto) k(Kd Whole plant Costus speciosus (Costaceae) Linsab) u(MT Young stem . (Euphorbiaceaesp Mallolus ) Dahu (Kd) Bark Fibraria chloroleuca (Menispermaceae) Tapa buawang (Kd) Stem

Styptic . (Dilleniaceaesp Dillenia ) Rungin ( R) Root Dinochloa sp. (Gramineae) Wada) n(Kd Young shoot Gomphostemma sp. (Labiate) Bunga susun (M) Leaves . (Euphorbiaceaesp Mallatus ) Dah) R u( Bark Paederia . (Rubiaceaesp ) Ubat dama) (M t Leaves

Swelling body Dillenia excelsa (Dilleniaceae) Pampan (R) Young leaves Haya ammaria (Asclepidaceae) Leaves Phyllanthus sp. (Euphorbiaceae) Mongkolongkoi (R ) Twi leaved gan s Stenochlaena palustris (Blechnaceae) Lomiding (Kd) Leaves and frond

Tonic Agelaea macrophylla (Connaraceae) Kalam-mala) m(M Root Averrhoa bilimbi (Oxalidacaceae) Tulod-ulo) d(Kd Root Croton sp. (Euphorbiaceae) Rolok taragan) (R g Bark Cymbopogon citratus (Gramineae) Capai-pimping (M) Root Dalbergia parvifolia (Leguminosae) Tampan kalaba) u(Kd Bark Dichapetalum . (Dichapetalaceaesp ) Akar ura) (M t Leaves Dioscorea sp. (Dioscoreaceae) Kolonto) n(Kd aise odu Rhizome Fissistigma manubriatum (Annonaceae) Gagon(Kd) Root Gardenia sp. (Rubiaceae) Marabingo (Kd) Root Albizia sp. (Leguminosae) (Kd) Roo ster o t m Gnetummacrostachyum (Gnetaceae) Kokos (Kd) Stem sumatranana s Octomele (Datiscaceae ) Tiniwaun) g(Kd Bark Uvaria sursogonensis (Annonaceae) Sogombon) g(Kd Root Matroxylon sago (Palmae) Rumbio (Kd) Young shoot Loranthaceae Surni soho) d(Kd Root

continued 274 Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10(2): 271 - 274 (1997)

Table 1 (continued)

Womb cleanser Desmodium heterocarpus (Leguminosae) Mampan sokot (Kd) Whole plant Ficus septica (Moraceae) Hintotobow (Kd) Root

Kadazandusun LundayehKimarangang= = = d L K K ; ;; M = Malay; MT= Murut Timugan; R = Rungus.

Tabl givee1 s some informatio plan5 9 n tno specie s use treao dt ailments 4 3 t . Plant e usespecieb variou y y db ma s s triberanga r medicinaf fo seo l purposes r exampleFo . , Costus speciosus is used to treat fever by the Kadazandusun tribe but the Murut Timugan stomach-acher fo t tribi e eus chiee Th . f sourc medicinaf eo l plant Saban si bees hha n plants growing wild in the primary or secondary forest districts. Some commonly used plants are planted around houses. Treatments vary fro msingla e plan usually, tto , mixtureo t p u f so n specieste . This study reveals that ther more ear e thaspecie0 n10 s use medicinas da l e plantareath sn i svisited e applicatioTh . endemif no c flor traditionaa s a l medicinal cure plays an important role in the primary health care of village people in Sabah today. It also highlights the fact that forest plants have several uses other than just for timber.

Acknowledgements

I would lik o especiallet yvillage thanth l eal k people involved without whose help this documentation woul t havdno e been produced alsm a o I . gratefu o Millet l r Munang, the former Director of the Forestry Department Sabah, for his permission and encourage- ment, and my colleagues at the Forest Research Centre Herbarium in Sandakan, especially George Majawat r theifo , r assistanc field-worke th n ei Leopold an , d Madanplane th r t fo i identification.

Reference

GUNTAVID, J.P. 1992. Traditional medicinal plants. Thei Tangalre useth y sb aDusune Muruth d an t/ Kadazari of Tambunan. Paper presented at the Borneo Research Council Second Biennial International Conference. 13-17july 1992, , Sabah, Malaysia. KULIP.J. 1996 surve.A indigenouf yo s plants use foo r medicind dfo dan Kadazandusuy eb n ethnin ci Tambunan, Sabah, East Malaysia. Paper presente e Fourtth t da h Biennial Conference th f eo Borneo Research Council. 10-15 June 1996, University Brunei Darussalam, Brunei.