Proactive and Adaptive Energy-Aware Programming with Mixed Typechecking
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Gnu Smalltalk Library Reference Version 3.2.5 24 November 2017
gnu Smalltalk Library Reference Version 3.2.5 24 November 2017 by Paolo Bonzini Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License". 1 3 1 Base classes 1.1 Tree Classes documented in this manual are boldfaced. Autoload Object Behavior ClassDescription Class Metaclass BlockClosure Boolean False True CObject CAggregate CArray CPtr CString CCallable CCallbackDescriptor CFunctionDescriptor CCompound CStruct CUnion CScalar CChar CDouble CFloat CInt CLong CLongDouble CLongLong CShort CSmalltalk CUChar CByte CBoolean CUInt CULong CULongLong CUShort ContextPart 4 GNU Smalltalk Library Reference BlockContext MethodContext Continuation CType CPtrCType CArrayCType CScalarCType CStringCType Delay Directory DLD DumperProxy AlternativeObjectProxy NullProxy VersionableObjectProxy PluggableProxy SingletonProxy DynamicVariable Exception Error ArithmeticError ZeroDivide MessageNotUnderstood SystemExceptions.InvalidValue SystemExceptions.EmptyCollection SystemExceptions.InvalidArgument SystemExceptions.AlreadyDefined SystemExceptions.ArgumentOutOfRange SystemExceptions.IndexOutOfRange SystemExceptions.InvalidSize SystemExceptions.NotFound SystemExceptions.PackageNotAvailable SystemExceptions.InvalidProcessState SystemExceptions.InvalidState -
Secure the Clones - Static Enforcement of Policies for Secure Object Copying Thomas Jensen, Florent Kirchner, David Pichardie
Secure the Clones - Static Enforcement of Policies for Secure Object Copying Thomas Jensen, Florent Kirchner, David Pichardie To cite this version: Thomas Jensen, Florent Kirchner, David Pichardie. Secure the Clones - Static Enforcement of Policies for Secure Object Copying. ESOP 2011, 2011, Saarbrucken, Germany. hal-01110817 HAL Id: hal-01110817 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01110817 Submitted on 28 Jan 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Secure the Clones * Static Enforcement of Policies for Secure Object Copying Thomas Jensen, Florent Kirchner, and David Pichardie INRIA Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, France [email protected] Abstract. Exchanging mutable data objects with untrusted code is a delicate matter because of the risk of creating a data space that is accessible by an attacker. Consequently, secure programming guidelines for Java stress the importance of using defensive copying before accepting or handing out references to an inter- nal mutable object. However, implementation of a copy method (like clone()) is entirely left to the programmer. It may not provide a sufficiently deep copy of an object and is subject to overriding by a malicious sub-class. Currently no language-based mechanism supports secure object cloning. -
New Youtube Downloader Android Youtube Video Downloader
new youtube downloader android Youtube Video Downloader. Youtube Video Downloader is an Android app to download YouTube videos in different qualities in a matter of seconds so you can enjoy them as often as you want without having to use up your data or be connected to a WiFi network. The way Youtube Video Downloader works couldn't be simpler. Open the app to access the mobile version of YouTube. You'll have the option to interact with the video site as you usually would – browsing through the videos, doing searches, and enjoying your favorite content. When you find a video you like and want to download, you can do it by tapping a single button and in seconds you'll have it on your smartphone. The good thing about Youtube Video Downloader is that you can download the content – both the video (with and without audio) and the audio alone – in different formats. You can also pick from a certain quality range so you have the video or audio exactly how you want it. If despite the ease of use you don't fancy having to open Youtube Video Downloader every time you want to download something, you can always take advantage of a feature that lets you share the videos you're viewing on YouTube with the app. When you do you can pick the format you like best and download it without it interrupting your normal YouTube use. New Youtube video downloader. New YouTube video downloader is a tool that lets you watch and download all the videos you want. -
Lazy Object Copy As a Platform for Population-Based Probabilistic Programming
Lazy object copy as a platform for population-based probabilistic programming Lawrence M. Murray Uber AI Abstract This work considers dynamic memory management for population-based probabilistic programs, such as those using particle methods for inference. Such programs exhibit a pattern of allocating, copying, potentially mutating, and deallocating collections of similar objects through successive generations. These objects may assemble data structures such as stacks, queues, lists, ragged arrays, and trees, which may be of random, and possibly unbounded, size. For the simple case of N particles, T generations, D objects, and resampling at each generation, dense representation requires O(DNT ) memory, while sparse representation requires only O(DT + DN log DN) memory, based on existing theoretical results. This work describes an object copy-on-write platform to automate this saving for the programmer. The core idea is formalized using labeled directed multigraphs, where vertices represent objects, edges the pointers between them, and labels the necessary bookkeeping. A specific labeling scheme is proposed for high performance under the motivating pattern. The platform is implemented for the Birch probabilistic programming language, using smart pointers, hash tables, and reference-counting garbage collection. It is tested empirically on a number of realistic probabilistic programs, and shown to significantly reduce memory use and execution time in a manner consistent with theoretical expectations. This enables copy-on-write for the imperative programmer, lazy deep copies for the object-oriented programmer, and in-place write optimizations for the functional programmer. 1 Introduction Probabilistic programming aims at better accommodating the workflow of probabilistic modeling and inference in general-purpose programming languages. -
Arxiv:1902.02610V2 [Cs.SE] 14 Feb 2019
Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) To the Attention of Mobile Software Developers: Guess What, Test your App! Luis Cruz · Rui Abreu · David Lo the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later Abstract Software testing is an important phase in the software development life- cycle because it helps in identifying bugs in a software system before it is shipped into the hand of its end users. There are numerous studies on how developers test general-purpose software applications. The idiosyncrasies of mobile software applications, however, set mobile apps apart from general-purpose systems (e.g., desktop, stand-alone applications, web services). This paper investigates working habits and challenges of mobile software developers with respect to testing. A key finding of our exhaustive study, using 1000 Android apps, demonstrates that mo- bile apps are still tested in a very ad hoc way, if tested at all. However, we show that, as in other types of software, testing increases the quality of apps (demon- strated in user ratings and number of code issues). Furthermore, we find evidence that tests are essential when it comes to engaging the community to contribute to mobile open source software. We discuss reasons and potential directions to address our findings. Yet another relevant finding of our study is that Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines are rare in the mobile apps world (only 26% of the apps are developed in projects employing CI/CD) { we argue that one of the main reasons is due to the lack of exhaustive and automatic testing. -
Concurrent Copying Garbage Collection with Hardware Transactional Memory
Concurrent Copying Garbage Collection with Hardware Transactional Memory Zixian Cai 蔡子弦 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy (Honours) at The Australian National University November 2020 © Zixian Cai 2020 Typeset in TeX Gyre Pagella, URW Classico, and DejaVu Sans Mono by XƎTEX and XƎLATEX. Except where otherwise indicated, this thesis is my own original work. Zixian Cai 12 November 2020 To 2020, what does not kill you makes you stronger. Acknowledgments First and foremost, I thank my shifu1, Steve Blackburn. When I asked you how to learn to do research, you said that it often takes the form of an apprenticeship. Indeed, you taught me the craft of research by example, demonstrating how to be a good teacher, a good researcher, and a good community leader. Apart from the vast technical ex- pertise, you have also been a constant source of advice, support, and encouragement throughout my undergraduate career. I could not ask for a better mentor. I thank Mike Bond from The Ohio State University, who co-supervises me. Meet- ings with you and Steve are always enjoyable for me. I am sorry for the meetings that went over time, often around the dinner time for you, lowering your glucose level. You help me turn complicated ideas into implementation with your experiences in hard- ware transactional memory. I am thankful for your patient guidance and inspiration. Many people have helped me with this thesis. I thank Adrian Herrera, Kunal Sa- reen, and Brenda Wang for subjecting themselves to the draft of this document, and providing valuable feedback. -
Obstacl: a Language with Objects, Subtyping, and Classes
OBSTACL: A LANGUAGE WITH OBJECTS, SUBTYPING, AND CLASSES A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Amit Jayant Patel December 2001 c Copyright 2002 by Amit Jayant Patel All Rights Reserved ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opin- ion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. John Mitchell (Principal Adviser) I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opin- ion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Kathleen Fisher I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opin- ion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. David Dill Approved for the University Committee on Graduate Studies: iii Abstract Widely used object-oriented programming languages such as C++ and Java support soft- ware engineering practices but do not have a clean theoretical foundation. On the other hand, most research languages with well-developed foundations are not designed to support software engineering practices. This thesis bridges the gap by presenting OBSTACL, an object-oriented extension of ML with a sound theoretical basis and features that lend themselves to efficient implementation. OBSTACL supports modular programming techniques with objects, classes, structural subtyping, and a modular object construction system. OBSTACL's parameterized inheritance mechanism can be used to express both single inheritance and most common uses of multiple inheritance. -
API Compatibility Issues in Android: Causes and Effectiveness of Data
Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) API Compatibility Issues in Android: Causes and Effectiveness of Data-driven Detection Techniques Simone Scalabrino · Gabriele Bavota · Mario Linares-Vásquez · Valentina Piantadosi · Michele Lanza · Rocco Oliveto the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later Abstract Android fragmentation is a well-known issue referring to the adop- tion of different versions in the multitude of devices supporting such an operat- ing system. Each Android version features a set of APIs provided to developers. These APIs are subject to changes and may cause compatibility issues. To sup- port app developers, approaches have been proposed to automatically identify API compatibility issues. CiD, the state-of-the-art approach, is a data-driven solution learning how to detect those issues by analyzing the change history of Android APIs (“API side” learning). In this paper (extension of our MSR 2019 paper), we present an alternative data-driven approach, named ACRyL. ACRyL learns from changes implemented in apps in response to API changes (“client side” learning). When comparing these two solutions on 668 apps, for a total of 11,863 snapshots, we found that there is no clear winner, since the two techniques are highly complementary, and none of them provides a Scalabrino and Oliveto gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Italian Ministry of Education and Research for the PON-ARS01 00860 project on “Ambient-intelligent Tele-monitoring and Telemetry for Incepting and Catering over hUman Sustainability - ATTICUS”. Bavota gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Swiss National Science Foundation for the CCQR project (SNF Project No. -
Lecture 8 EECS 498 Winter 2000
C++ Object Model Classes are abstract types. Objects are instances of that type. Three distinctive aspects of an OO System • Encapsulation Classes group related data and methods • Inheritance Derived classes extend and refine existing abstractions ... the design of consistent, intuitive, and useful class hierarchies is a complex and difficult art. • Dynamic Binding (polymorphism) Delay selection of appropriate abstraction implementation until program execution. ... OO programming is abstract data types with polymorphism C++ Object Model 1 of 19 Lecture 8 EECS 498 Winter 2000 Aspects to Examine • Distinctive Types of Programming • Semantics of Constructors • Semantics of Data • Semantics of Functions • Semantics of Construction, Destruction & Copy C++ Object Model 2 of 19 Lecture 8 EECS 498 Winter 2000 Distinctive Types of Programming • Procedural char *target, *source = “Hello World!”; target = malloc( strlen( source )); strcpy( target, source ); • Abstract Data Type String target, source = “Hello World!”; target = source; if (source == target) ... • Object Oriented class B { virtual int F(int) {return 1;} /* pure? /; } class D : B { virtual void F(int) { return 2;} } class E : B { virtual void F(int) { return 3;} } ... B *b = new B, B *d = new D, E *e = new D; cout << b->F() << d->F() << e->F() << endl; Object oriented model requires reference to operating object. Referred to as this (self, current, etc.) Often first parameter to function C++ Object Model 3 of 19 Lecture 8 EECS 498 Winter 2000 Storage Layout Procedural • Storage sizes are known at compile time Pointers have fixed size on target platform Data namespace encapsulated in type structure Function namespace global Abstract Data Types • Namespace for functions bound to data structure Signature of function is name, result type, parameter types Object Oriented • Virtual functions invocation structure Virtual base classes A virtual base class occurs exactly once in a derived class regardless of the number of times encountered in the class inheritance heirarchy. -
SECURE the CLONES 1. Introduction Exchanging Data Objects with Untrusted Code Is a Delicate Matter Because of the Risk of Creati
Logical Methods in Computer Science Vol. 8 (2:05) 2012, pp. 1–30 Submitted Sep. 17, 2011 www.lmcs-online.org Published May. 31, 2012 SECURE THE CLONES THOMAS JENSEN, FLORENT KIRCHNER, AND DAVID PICHARDIE INRIA Rennes { Bretagne Atlantique, France e-mail address: fi[email protected] Abstract. Exchanging mutable data objects with untrusted code is a delicate matter be- cause of the risk of creating a data space that is accessible by an attacker. Consequently, secure programming guidelines for Java stress the importance of using defensive copying before accepting or handing out references to an internal mutable object. However, im- plementation of a copy method (like clone()) is entirely left to the programmer. It may not provide a sufficiently deep copy of an object and is subject to overriding by a mali- cious sub-class. Currently no language-based mechanism supports secure object cloning. This paper proposes a type-based annotation system for defining modular copy policies for class-based object-oriented programs. A copy policy specifies the maximally allowed sharing between an object and its clone. We present a static enforcement mechanism that will guarantee that all classes fulfil their copy policy, even in the presence of overriding of copy methods, and establish the semantic correctness of the overall approach in Coq. The mechanism has been implemented and experimentally evaluated on clone methods from several Java libraries. 1. Introduction Exchanging data objects with untrusted code is a delicate matter because of the risk of creating a data space that is accessible by an attacker. Consequently, secure programming guidelines for Java such as those proposed by Sun [17] and CERT [6] stress the importance of using defensive copying or cloning before accepting or handing out references to an internal mutable object. -
Best Android App Download Youtube 10 Best Youtube Video Downloader Apps for Android in 2021
best android app download youtube 10 Best YouTube video downloader apps for Android in 2021. YouTube is a well-known video-sharing website that allows users to stream, like, comment on, and post content. Streaming and downloading music videos is the most common online practice, especially among Millennials, who can interact with the digital video type for a better listening experience. For this convenience, some best YouTube video downloader apps now can make it simple to save videos in the format of your choice. These are simple to use applications that allow you to choose between high and low quality resolutions to fit your needs. Users can not import videos until YouTube has included a download button or connection on a specific service, according to YouTube’s Terms of Service. Disclaimer: D ownloading or making copies of copyrighted material is prohibited. If you are spotted doing it, you may face a hearing or a fine. Since YouTube has never taken action against a person who uses a YouTube video downloader app to download copyrighted content, the practice is still illegal. Is downloading YouTube videos legal? Some of you are well aware that downloading YouTube videos for the purposes of copying, reproducing, sale, or other commercial purposes is illegal, although no one is certain if downloading YouTube videos for personal use is indeed illegal. And the perplexing question “Is downloading YouTube videos legal?”. If you violate the Terms of Service, YouTube has a number of compliance remedies at its disposal. Anything from a suspension to a federal case might theoretically be on the agenda. -
Memory Management for Multi-Language Multi-Runtime Systems on Multi-Core Architectures
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Memory Management for Multi-Language Multi-Runtime Systems on Multi-Core Architectures A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science by Michal Wegiel Committee in Charge: Professor Chandra Krintz, Chair Professor Amr El Abbadi Professor Ben Zhao March 2011 The Dissertation of Michal Wegiel is approved: Professor Amr El Abbadi Professor Ben Zhao Professor Chandra Krintz, Committee Chairperson January 2011 Memory Management for Multi-Language Multi-Runtime Systems on Multi-Core Architectures Copyright © 2011 by Michal Wegiel iii Dedication and Gratitude I dedicate this dissertation to my family: my parents, Maria and Krzysztof, and my sister, Barbara, for their unconditional support and encouragement throughout all stages of my education. I am deeply grateful to Chandra Krintz for all the support, guidance, mentorship, and help that she has provided during the entire process. I would like to thank Ben Zhao, Amr El Abbadi, and Rich Wolski for serving on my Ph.D. committee. I am grateful to Grzegorz Czajkowski and Laurent Daynes for being my mentors and collaborators during my internship at Sun Labs. Finally, I would like to thank the staff, faculty, and fellow graduate students at the Com- puter Science department at UC Santa Barbara for their support and the opportunity to pursue this work. iv Acknowledgements The text of Chapters 3–7 is in part a reprint of the material as it appears in the conference proceedings listed below. The dissertation author was the primary researcher while the co-author listed on each publication directed and supervised the research which forms the basis for these chapters.