ADB Annual Report 2010 Comprises Two Separate Volumes: Volume 1 Is the Main Report and Volume 2 Contains the Financial Statements and Statistical Annexes

2010

VOLUME 1 BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual VOLUME 1 VOLUME 2010 CONTENTS

THE RECORD 5 5 SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS 30 1 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT 6 6 FINANCING OPERATIONS 36

2 BOARD OF DIRECTORS 8 7 CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 44

3 POLICY AND STRATEGY 8 EAST ASIA 54 OVERVIEW 14 9 PACIFIC 62 4 DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 18 10 SOUTH ASIA 72 15 APPENDIXES 108

11 SOUTHEAST ASIA 78 ADB CONTACT ADDRESSES 135 12 NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS 92 GLOSSARY 137

13 GENERATING AND ABBREVIATIONS 137 SHARING KNOWLEDGE 98

14 FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION 102

The ADB Annual Report 2010 comprises two separate volumes: Volume 1 is the main report and Volume 2 contains the financial statements and statistical annexes. 4 Asian Development Bank THE RECORD 5

4 –

243 175 118 982 105

51,822 32,651

i i j l 110 31,973 42,063 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 104 i i 91 80

760 1,119 (37) 614 151 151 151 151 adjustment on swapped borrowings. e Fund (APDRF). e Fund = $0.6 million; technical assistance = $0.2 million).

nces under Nonnegotiable, Noninterest-bearing Demand Obligations on Account of Contribution. arrangements with ADB. excludes supplementary loans. Grants and technical assistance with multiple fund source are counted once.

k m 53 41 43 43 53 51 – 41 41 51 40 – – 40 40 15 – – – – 678 130 130 135 102 988 90 84 64 151 736 30 – 13 15 166 133 141 149 166 974 956 974 974 974 587 617 626 587 587 151 145 137 142 144 145 160 30 54 – 75 981 63 177 347 358 163 24 27 33 1,620 84 109 133 152 4,066 251 – 325 982 1,760 1,361 1,403 1,716 1,760 3,837 461 540 449 598 1,937 80 103 220 3,147 161 189 203 2,328 2,679 80 6,503 81 203 92 246 106 260 243 1,000 – – 850 4,359 549 707 924 14,728 19,766 534 1,275 3,418 3,669 32,651 31,950 33,479 86,345 5,234 6,472 7,898 5,945 82,348 4,743 5,878 7,449 5,272 30,888 30,873 1,618 1,618 2,043 2,043 2,201 2,201 1,571 1,571 181,626 10,557 10,898 15,738 13,845 117,233 6,852 8,515 10,099 7,516 108,655 8,854 9,372 10,359 14,940 167,116 9,516 9,899 13,216 11,462 1966–2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 g ) (a + b) 40,749 1,893 1,764 2,210 2,213 a, b ) amount (1 + 2) g ) number ( d amount a, b ) 1,142 2,208 2,064 1,472 1,142 ( (amount)

h a, f (amount)

c (1 + 2) (for the period) a, f h ) ) (A + B) ) 1,938 123 101 190 157 (1 + 2) after Appropriation of Guarantee Fees after Appropriation of Guarantee Fees ) (a + b) 16,840 321 1,090 3,164 3,360

) (a + b + c) 126,367 7,623 8,135 11,006 9,250 for the period (1 + 2) (amount)

(loss) (gross) (for the period) number amount ( ( amount amount amount (amount) (amount) h (amount)

Disbursements Disbursements (as of period end) Disbursements Disbursements Disbursements (A + B + C + D + E + F) (A + B + C + D

Disbursements a. Official 14,042 121 665 2,768 2,850 b. Commercial 2,798 200 425 396 510

a. Sovereign b. Nonsovereign Public 15 40,735 1,893 – 1,764 – 2,210 – 2,213 – Disbursements Disbursements to Special Reserve Asian Development Fund (ADF) Loans ( Asian Development Fund Disbursements ) OCR ( a. Sovereign 120,369 6,972 6,839 10,568 8,197

b. Nonsovereign Public 294 10 75 134 –

c. Nonsovereign Private 5,703 640 1,222 304 1,053

1. Sovereign 2,987 – – 325 432

2. Nonsovereign 1,079 251 – – 550 1. ADF 3,624 519 707 911 967

2. Other Special Funds Authorized Capital 163,843 55,978 54,890 166,179 163,843 2. Nonsovereign Public 5 Resources Total Assistance Special Fund Technical 1 1 2 – Ordinary Reserve 10,030 9,245 9,532 9,790 10,030 1. Official Loans, Grants, and Technical Assistance 1. Official Loans, Grants, and Technical 2. Commercial Loans and Syndications 50 1 2 4 Number of Loans (1 + 2 + 3) 1. Loans ( Subscribed Capital 143,950 55,978 54,890 60,751 143,950 Number of Projects 1. Technical Assistance Special Funds (TASF) (TASF) Assistance Special Funds 1. Technical 1,912 110 119 137 147 Asian Development Fund Total Resources Total Asian Development Fund Special Reserve 230 203 210 219 230 3. Nonsovereign Private 144 16 10 4 13 1. Sovereign 2,530 Resources Total Japan Special Fund Contributions Regular and Supplementary 74 ADB Institute Special Fund Total Resources Total ADB Institute Special Fund Borrowings 2. Other Special Funds 2. Other Special Funds 1,235 51 70 66 28 1. Asian Tsunami Fund Total Resources Total Fund Asian Tsunami Gross Revenue ( Crisis Support Facility Asian Currency 2. Grants ( Outstanding Debt 51,822 31,569 35,672

Pakistan Earthquake Fund Total Resources Total Earthquake Fund Pakistan Net Income Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund Total Resources Total Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund Climate Change Fund Total Resources Total Climate Change Fund Asia Pacific Disaster Response Fund Total Resources Total Disaster Response Fund Asia Pacific 2.

Ordinary Capital Resources A. Project A. Loans E. Equity F. Assistance Grants F. Technical C. Guarantees Special Funds Resources Special Funds C. GuaranteesC. E. Equity Investments Assistance Grants F. Technical 169 33 5 3 6 – 5 1 8 5 TOTAL (I + II)TOTAL 201,392 11,090 12,173 19,156 17,513 D. Trade Finance Program Trade D. A. Loans Disbursements B. Grants D. Trade Finance ProgramTrade D. 1 – – 1 – B. Technical Assistance Grants B. Technical B. Grants amount ORDINARY CAPITAL RESOURCES (OCR) AND SPECIAL FUNDS RESOURCES (OCR) AND SPECIAL FUNDS RESOURCES ORDINARY CAPITAL ( Includes the $150 million approved in 2003 (OCR loan of $45 million and partial credit guarantee of $105 million). Finance Program transactions were conducted subject to the 2009 Board approval. 2010 Trade Starting 2006, cofinancing statistics indicate direct value-added cofinancing: cofinancing with administrative or collaborative Projects with multiple loans, or with combination of public and private lending are counted once. Cumulative number of projects Includes count for an earlier approved loan with supplementary financing in the current year. Includes cumulative effect of ASC 820/825 adoption amounting to $227.5 million, as an adjustment to the 1 January reserves. Bala Includes reclassification relating to Due from Contributors of $2,185.6 million as of 31 December 2009 from Assets to Fund Adjustments and terminations prior to signing are reflected (for 2010: loan = $239.3 million; guarantee = $71.7 million; grant Includes loans/grants/guarantees arising from multitranche financing facilities. Disaster Respons (CCF), and Asia Pacific (PEF), Climate Change Fund Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes Asian Tsunami RESOURCES THE RECORD RECORD million) THE ($ ACTIVITIESOPERATIONAL I. 201,392 11,090 12,173 19,156 17,513 II. COFINANCING I. OCR AND SPECIAL FUNDS RESOURCES II. COFINANCING d e f g respectively. for Brunei Darussalam amounting to $0.6 million and $0.8 million in 2008 and 2010, Includes reimbursable TA h i j 2009 onwards, amount includes unamortized discounts/premiums, transition adjustment, translation adjustment, and ASC 815 From k l a b c m Reduction in 2002. for Poverty Net of $90.0 million, which was transferred to Japan Fund – = nil. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals CHAPTER 1 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

If Asia’s vast potential is to be fulﬁ lled, it must rebalance growth to reduce reliance on external markets, which will strengthen resilience against future crises. Developing Asia must also promote public–private partnerships to meet infrastructure needs and to ensure that development is both inclusive and environmentally sustainable. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT 7 Infrastructure Infrastructure Annual Report 2010 Report Annual &" # " " Of course, much remains to be done to reduce to reduce Of course, much remains to be done Given the several years of high growth Asia has Asia has Given the several years of high growth The historic Millennium Declaration of 2000 promised $3.7 billion from cofinancing partners. In addition, addition, partners. In from cofinancing $3.7 billion supported Finance Program Trade ongoing ADB’s trade. Business processes were $2.8 billion in projects can be prioritized and so that well-performing that focus on operations ADB’s expanded—reflecting In addition, a midterm review deliver the best results. concluded that solid Asian Development Fund of the made on implementing its strategic progress had been assistance for countries in This included stronger agenda. \ to reap the support for regional cooperation and integration developing disparities within and among the region’s be necessary in economies. Massive investments will We both the social sector and—crucially—infrastructure. to support estimate that $8 trillion will be needed coming decade, infrastructure development during the ADB–ADBI publication, according to the Asia for a Seamless ' across the region. mobilization from development partners *\ But Asia. to many are saying that the 21st century belongs Asia’s If I always stress that success is never preordained. will strengthen reduce reliance on external markets, which Asia must also resilience against future crises. Developing promote public–private partnerships to meet infrastructure needs and to ensure that development is both inclusive and environmentally sustainable. + ADB remains committed to working tirelessly with efforts. its developing member countries and development partners to ensure greater progress in the years ahead. Haruhiko Kuroda President and Chairman Board of Directors

eveloping Asia moved beyond the economic moved beyond Asia eveloping of global growth as a new engine crisis to emerge show that the region’s in 2010. Our estimates

As the region moves beyond economic recovery recovery As the region moves beyond economic While the speed and strength of its economic recovery While the speed and Asia also needs to focus on environmentally sustain- In ADB is committed to supporting these efforts. absolute poor. Widening income and non-income disparities Widening absolute poor. the contrast among and within countries further accentuated as has emerged Asia—one that between the two faces of While left behind. a beacon of hope and one that is being the Millennium the region as a whole is likely to achieve extreme poverty Development Goal (MDG) of halving on the non-income by 2015, several countries are lagging MDG targets. that the evolving to sustained growth, it must ensure gross domestic product increased by 9.0% in 2010, more increased by 9.0% in 2010, more gross domestic product growth rate during the same period than double the global 5.9% rate recorded in the region a year and well above the earlier. challenges. the region still faces daunting surprised many, ADB study, According to an many people as possible. Asian economies saw their Gini 14 out of 20 developing Ensuring growth years as economic growth accelerated. expanded social and health, particularly for the poor; sector and rural protection, including in the informal to connect households; and developing rural infrastructure the poor to markets and enable them to participate in the growth process. it is critical to ensure that we leave a sustainable environment and development legacy to future generations. Climate change and climatic volatility are serious threats development. Rising sea levels and higher to the region’s forcing large temperatures can have dramatic effects, numbers of mostly poor to migrate. Sustainability cannot be achieved unless the region moves onto a low-carbon, climate-resilient development path that embraces both mitigation and adaptation. plans to guide operations in climate ADB prepared 2010, ADB’s change, sustainable transport, and education. operations totaled $17.5 billion, including D CHAPTER 2 BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Asian Development Bank (ADB) approvals, including coﬁnancing, totaled $17.51 billion in 2010. The Board of Directors continued to seek new ways for ADB to assist its developing member countries in addressing challenges and making progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. The Board undertook wide-ranging strategic initiatives, including the appointment of a vice-president for private sector and coﬁnancing operations. The Board also endorsed a comprehensive new human resources policy, assessed a proposal to streamline additional funding to successful projects, and endorsed country partnership strategies for Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, and Tajikistan. BOARD OF DIRECTORS

9 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual To improve ADB’s institutional effectiveness and and effectiveness institutional ADB’s improve To The Board discussed the comprehensive review of The Board discussed loans,In 2010, total approvals by the Board, including borrowing budget and ADB’s The Board deliberated on net and the allocation of 2009 It approved loan charges partnership In addition, the Board endorsed country measure, consolidate, and evaluate market and credit risk market and credit consolidate, and evaluate measure, sector expands private ADB key area as exposures—a operations. continued to focus on internal the Board accountability, discussed and endorsed OurThe executive directors reforms. plan to recruit, retain, and a comprehensive People Strategy, out its mission of reducingADB needs to carry develop the staff poverty. This followed an ADB-wide consultation processADB-wide followed an This poverty. Resources Committee of the Board. guided by the Human also guided the appraisal in 5 years. Executive directors Public Communications Policy (2005); ADB’s review of and is expected the review was launched in February 2010 to be completed by mid-2011. - Board also approvedThe nancing, exceeded $17.51 billion. =>?@@ Program and Budget Work the rolling program for 2011; rolling and the 3-year Framework (WPBF), 2011–2013; Asian Development budget of the work program and 2011 Bank Institute (ADBI). its work to improve sequencing income, and reorganized work program and budget cycle. ADB’s of key elements of Tajikistan. strategies for Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, and ADB The country partnership strategy maps out ways for assist its developing member coun- to most effectively challenges and priorities. It also tries, given each country’s ADB to evaluate their development performance enables over the strategy period. Members of the Board made three visits around the region /6* partners, private sector leaders, and other stakeholders. BOARD GROUP VISITS AND OTHER MEETINGS

additional Development Development

2009 , the third annual assessment of , the third annual assessment of

he Board of Directors is responsible for the overall he Board of Directors ADB operations, including the approval direction of assistance, grants, and of policies, loans, technical

utive directors also discussed and provided feedback In 2010, the Board of Directors addressed the chal- In 2010, the Board of Directors addressed objective of expanding private support the strategic To Board–Management working group was set up to A The Board discussed the The Board reviewed a proposal to streamline The Board approved the capital expenditure for a guarantees. The Board also approves the annual budget The Board guarantees. the Board As their representative, and borrowing program. is guidance ADB shareholders’ seeing plays a vital role in implemented. 2020, while and support the implementation of Strategy that emerged overseeing execution of the reform agenda - The Board took Fund. Asian Development ishment of the effec- ADB to improve its development steps to position Strategy 2020, and tiveness, especially in the core areas of to strengthen institutional governance. the appointment of sector operations, the Board approved vice- to the newly created post of Venkatachalam Lakshmi was estab- Accountability Mechanism, which review the ADB-assisted by lished in 2003 to give people affected review The projects a forum to seek solutions to problems. is expected to be completed in 2011. Effectiveness Review corporate performance. Executive directors also ADB’s /6R< make it a to which is at the core of the annual review, better management tool in guiding the implementation of ADB’s The Board continued to monitor Strategy 2020. performance through its oversight of the Independent (IED). Department Evaluation

* development effectiveness. ADB’s mented in order to boost - Exec policy-based lending program. ADB’s on the review of < T OVERVIEW THE BOARD’S OF IN 2010 ACTIVITIES BOARD OF DIRECTORS 10 imperative for ADB torefocusonkeylong-termchallenges tions topreparethe WPBF, 2011–2013, andnotedthe The committeediscussedthe President’s planningdirec- Budget ReviewCommittee tion technologyaudits. The committeealsodiscussed the and attestationprocess.Itsharpeneditsfocusoninforma- of theoutsideauditorandOAG. #< on theprinciplesforselectionofanoutsideauditor, a <XY<Z < X Auditor General(OAG)andtheestablishmentof X /6R of internalauditandinvestigationfunctions. ed roleinriskmanagementandtostrengthenitsoversight R\&- and integrityefforts. In2010,theBoardapprovedrevisions audits, riskmanagement,and ADB-related anticorruption cial reportingandaudits,includinginternalcontrols #6- Audit Committee BOARD COMMITTEES water crisisandpublic–privatepartnerships. in a1-dayretreatcoveringtwoimportanttopics: Asia’s ment partnersandgeneratedvaluablefeedback. These visitsstrengthened ADB’s relationshipwithdevelop- Azerbaijan, andGeorgia from 22Septemberto6 Leste from5to15June. A thirdgroupwentto Armenia, and theMaldives. Another groupvisitedNauru and Timor- The committeemet14times. #/6R The committeemaderecommendationstotheBoard The committeecloselymonitoredtheseparationof In September, theBoardandManagementpartici pated From 27Januaryto10February, agroupvisitedIndia Asian DevelopmentBank October. plans andappropriateforconsiderationbytheBoard. for ADB, IED,and ADBI areconsistentwiththework #>[== budget documentandnotedthat ADB hasstronglypursued opment Goals. The committeediscussedthe2011 draft discussion onissuesconcerningtheMillenniumDevel- draft WPBF, 2011–2013, andappreciatedmorein-depth sector, whereneeded. tives, andsuggestedmoreattentionbepaidtothehealth recommended supportformainstreaminggenderinitia- for 50%ofannualoperationsby2020. The committeealso sector developmentandprivateoperationsaccount ADB focus moreonachievingthetarget ofhavingprivate increase inresourcesforeducation.Itrecommendedthat funds forclimatechangemitigationandadaptation acknowledged theneedforfurtherworkand additional highlights ofthedraft WPBF, 2011–2013. The committee the progressof2010programsoperations. poverty andsocialaspects. The committeealsodiscussed tally sustainablegrowth,andregionalintegration—while - the ComplianceReviewPanel andanotherwith external 2009 annualreport,andit convenedameetingwith Transport DevelopmentProjectinSriLanka. in PakistanandthefourthsuchreportforSouthern the ChashmaRightBankIrrigationProject(StageIII) actions approvedbytheBoard.During2010, commit reports monitoringtheimplementationofanyremedial review authorizedbytheBoard,aswellpanel’s draft proposed termsofreferenceandthescheduleforeach responsible forclearingtheComplianceReviewPanel’s borrow ing countries,andtwononregionalmembers.Itis regional members,atleastthreeofwhomarefrom The committeeconsistsofsixBoardmembers:four Compliance ReviewCommittee The committeemet11 times. # The committeemetwiththevice-presidentson The committeeconsideredthe contentofits2008– tee

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

11 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 6 / and made The committee extensively monitored The committee met seven times. The committee met twice. In its second year of operation, the committee successfully In its second year of operation, the committee Management in established its role and relationship with ADB are managed ensuring that the human resources of welfare. staff goals and according to the organization’s /6 The committee improving human resources management. Strategy and monitored the implementation of Our People Strategic noted timely updates to the Human Resources Action Plan. Function and resources activi- recommendations on two major human ties completed in 2010: the comprehensive review of the the committee Further, engagement survey. 2010 staff continued to monitor major developments in various human resources functions. Ethics Committee the committee, in compliance The Board established adopted in September 2006, to with the Code of Conduct pro- The code’s address matters of ethics under the code. alternate directors, temporary visions apply to directors, The committee is and the President. alternate directors, \ also considers allega- The committee aspects of conduct. relating to the performance of directions of misconduct to the Board of Directors. Committee Human Resources

tee noted IED’s tee noted IED’s The committee remained focused and supportive of The committee remained focused and and policies and procedures, ADB’s ensure that To The committee met nine times. The committee met three times. The committee met The committee continued to support the Board of to support the Board of The committee continued Development Effectiveness Committee Development Effectiveness / /6R by discussing selected major country and sector operations At the country level, evaluation reports produced by IED. recommendations on the committee deliberated on IED’s Democratic assistance to Bhutan and the Lao People’s assessment, it also Republic. For a more comprehensive evaluations discussed related sector assistance program These discussions aimed to and transport. for energy the next country provide inputs for the preparation of partnership strategies. IED evaluation the priorities of Strategy 2020, discussing and development, of crosscutting issues related to gender special evaluations and climate change. It also discussed \" with the view that on water policy and related operations, and strategies ADB should continue to improve its policies in these areas. * \ annual evaluation activities, the committee noted IED’s supplement this, To report on 2009 portfolio performance. sustainability evaluation of the the committee discussed IED’s projects after completion. In monitoring how IED ADB’s of recommendations are implemented, the commit annual report and its 2009 2010 annual evaluation review, concerning actions taken on its advice. experts assisting the ongoing review of the Account- review of the the ongoing experts assisting The chair of Chapter 4). (see also ability Mechanism joint Board–Management committee also leads the the that review. working group conducting BOARD OF DIRECTORS

PRESIDENT AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Phil Bowen Howard BrownRichard Edwards Marwanto Ashok K. Lahiri Harjowiryono

ALTERNATE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Haruhiko Kuroda

Dereck Jacob A. Eduard C.J. (Stan) Bounleua Rooken-Smith Rooimans Westreicher Vandersyp Sinxayvolavong Michele Robert M. Orr Masakazu Siraj S. Jaejung Song Chaiyuth Yingming Yang Miari Fulcis Sakaguchi Shamsuddin Sudthitanakorn

Jose Maureen Grewe Yasuto Gaudencio S. Wilson Kamit Govinda Xiuzhen Guan Miguel Cortes Watanabe Hernandez, Jr. Bahadur Thapa

MANAGEMENT

C. Lawrence Ursula Bindu N. Lohani Xiaoyu Zhao Lakshmi Rajat M. Nag Robert L. T. Greenwood, Jr. Schaefer-Preuss Venkatachalam Dawson

CHAPTER 3 POLICY AND STRATEGY OVERVIEW

ADB’s timely response to the global economic crisis and progress in driving internal reforms were among topics discussed at the midterm review of the 10th cycle of the Asian Development Fund (ADF) in November. To guide the implementation of Strategy 2020, ADB approved operational plans for climate change mitigation, sustainable transport, and education. ADB is continuing efforts to upgrade and widen its menu of ﬁnancing instruments, including support to help develop local-currency bond markets as an alternative source of funding to bank loans. POLICY AND STRATEGY OVERVIEW

15 assess In-country and 1 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual The Accountability Mechanism review seeks to Accountability The Goals (MDGs). Therefore, demand for ADF resources will ADF resources for Therefore, demand Goals (MDGs). X and beyond. ADF end of be strong to the continue to helping an important role in continue to play ADB must their medium- and longer-term ADF countries address development needs. regional consultations were conducted between Septemberregional consultations were conducted Indonesia, Japan, the and November 2010 in Germany, workshop A States. Philippines, Sri Lanka, and the United videoconference.was held with Canadian participants via #&R/>[=[ revised policy paper is A ADB website. and posted on the approval in 2011. scheduled to be presented to the Board for into account Accountability Mechanism, taking of the experience since 2003 and those of similar mecha- ADB’s # review covers a wide range of issues, such as the approach mechanism, to site visits, the level of independence of the will recommend the review countries. Ultimately, ments in the policies, functions, and operations improve Accountability Mechanism. of the PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS POLICY # >[[{ Accordingly, date. conducted 5 years after its effective ADB launched a review in February 2010 to assess its ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM ACCOUNTABILITY Board of Governors ofAnnual Meeting of the At the 43rd ADB President announced the in May, Tashkent ADB in Accountability of its ADB would undertake a review that of joint Board A 4, page 21.) Mechanism. (See Chapter Group was formed to Working Directors and Management with two international experts engaged undertake the review, public wide-ranging A advice. provide independent to face-to-faceconsultation process took place, including of commentsdiscussions with stakeholders and gathering from the public through a dedicated website. accessibility of the mechanism by affected people, accessibility of the mechanism by affected public outreach, cost implications for bringing projects into Z member developing ADB, and people, to project-affected

he midterm review of the 10th cycle of the Asian he cycle of the of the 10th midterm review Fund (ADF X) was held in Manila,Development November 2010. Representa- Philippines, on 18–19

Participants expressed satisfaction with the perfor- Participants expressed ADB has also made good progress in implementing ADB has also made good progress in to improve its ADB has implemented many initiatives / proposal ADB’s Overall, there was broad support for tives from ADF donors, and recipient countries, ADB countries, ADF donors, and recipient tives from Board of ADB’s and observers from ment and staff, Manage international development institutionsDirectors and other ADF X. made in implementing met to review the progress /]^># economic to the global proactive and timely response ADB’s had been They acknowledged that resources disbursements. alloca- through the performance-based allocated effectively and performance. tion system, which balances country needs simultaneously ADB has been able to Under the system,

allocate a greater share of resources to the poorest coun- allocate a greater share of resources to tries and the stronger performers. in promoting ADF X strategic agenda, particularly the to combat efforts inclusive economic growth, prioritizing and inte- climate change, supporting regional cooperation \" countries. ADF donors—such as on all internal reforms agreed with - < human resources. as Afghanistan for 2011–2012 the additional allocation to proposal ADB’s They supported from internal resources. "\ "\ and the proposal to postpone the Timor-Leste phaseout in # ADF XI replenishment. be revisited during the to further study how the institution could respond even its recent experience with better to crises, learning from economic crises and natural disasters. Participants recog- ` /] According to recent data, as many global economic crisis. ADF countries could fail to achieve at least as 26 of the 28 one-fourth of the non-income Millennium Development T ADF X MIDTERM REVIEW ADF X 1 See http://www.adb.org/AM-Review/ 1 See POLICY AND STRATEGY OVERVIEW 16 external stakeholders to provide feedback and suggestions external stakeholders toprovidefeedbackand suggestions also engagedinterested individuals,organizations, andother with thepolicy andhowitcouldbeimproved. The review committee chairedbytheManaging DirectorGeneral. it. The 2010reviewofthepolicywasguidedbyasteering Comparing InfrastructurebetweenAsiaandtheRestofWorld, 2005 increase schoolattendanceandaccesstohealthservices. outcomes, andbettertransportationall-weatherroads electricity allowsmorestudytimeandimproveseducation stantially reduceinfantandchildmortalityrates,accessto MDG outcomes.Accesstowaterandsanitationcansub- the directconnectionbetweenbasicinfrastructureand mation andcommunicationtechnology. infrastructure exceptforwaterandsanitation,infor- MDG frameworkhasnospecificgoalsortargetsforbasic telecom supply, sanitation,electricity, informationtechnology, er basicinfrastructure,particularlyroadtransport, of peopleinfectedwithtuberculosis. the world’sundernourishedchildren,andmorethan60% world’s peoplewhohavenobasicsanitation,two-thirdsof without cleanwater. Italsohas70%ofthedeveloping water, whichismorethanhalfoftheworld’spopulation poverty. Itcontains470millionpeoplewhohavenoclean more thantwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationinextreme ADBIandADB.2009. d G7includesCanada,France, Germany, Italy, Japan,theUnited Kingdom,andtheUnitedStates. c ADBIandADB.2009. b ADB,JBIC,andWorld Bank.2005. a – =nil,kmkilometers,OECDOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment. T in AsiaandthePaciﬁc Millennium DevelopmentGoalsandInfrastructure Development structure gaps will require about $8 trillion over the period structure gapswillrequireabout$8trillionovertheperiod relatively poorinAsiaandthePacific. Bridgingtheinfra- fia – 09 2.0 5.8 3.3 14 .0 62.72 0.003 25.35 1.42 0.150 30.83 – 6.11 58.38 0.003 28.50 32.97 78.26 91.37 0.366 0.95 2.31 92.70 – 95.31 5.96 2.46 88.66 UrbanSlum 64.97 14.32 Internet – 88.11 Telephone Africa 99.34 Improved Latin America 2.55 Improved Electrification 0.49 16.48 Railways Paved Roads 13.72 Central Asia Northeast Asia Country Grouping ED 216 52 9.0 96 99 38 .0 – – 1.608 – 0.043 40.10 13.87 34.15 1.553 0.77 99.94 0.010 0.031 13.76 99.63 48.74 1.20 3.53 99.85 46.19 99.80 Broadband 99.58 32.83 67.50 Mobileand – 5.21 Accessto 88.06 – 86.39 Accessto 211.68 Household 61.03 71.69 – – 0.51 0.27 3.69 12.78 207.10 10.51 OECD Industrialized countries Pacific Islands Southeast Asia South Asia Asia-Pacific 12.83 0.53 77.71 87.72 52.05 3.47 0.154 35.73 ADB solicitedviewsfromits staff ontheir experiences However, anumber ofempiricalstudieshavevalidated Overcoming suchhugechallengeswillrequirestrong- Yet theavailability ofbasicinfrastructureremains Asian DevelopmentBank is home to more than 900 million poor comprising is hometomorethan900millionpoorcomprising Dev he scaleofthetaskachievingMillennium munications, and urban low-income housing. The munications, andurbanlow-incomehousing.The elopment Goals (MDGs) is daunting. The region elopment Goals(MDGs)isdaunting.Theregion Infrastructure foraSeamlessAsia. Infrastructure foraSeamlessAsia. (km/10,000 people) Connecting EastAsia:ANewFrameworkforInfrastructure.

10,000 people) (route km/ Tokyo: ADBI. Tokyo: ADBI. Rt,20 WtrSucs aiain usrbr Sbcies Population Subscribers Subscribers Sanitation Water Sources Rate,2008

% ( fttl ( fttl (e 0 epe (e 0 epe (%) (per100people) (per100people) (%oftotal) (%oftotal) (%) water water a periodandbeyond. Asia’s netincomeof$13trillionoverthe2010–2020 and telecommunicationscanbringaboutanincreasein estimated thatregionalconnectivityinenergy, transport, in infrastructure,includingbasicinfrastructure.Ithasbeen supply energy, andabout30%wouldbeforroads. 2010–2020. Morethanhalfofthiswouldberequiredto through trade. help expandtheireconomiesandbringmutualbenefits countries, cooperationinbuildingbasicinfrastructurecan demand management. of cleanenergytechnologies,conservation,and be environmentally-friendly technologyandoptionsmust built towithstandmorefrequentfloods.Inaddition, change inmind.Roadsandbridgesmayhavetobe must bedesignedwiththeenvironmentandclimate mental impactsandclimatechange.Basicinfrastructure G7 countries Asia andPacific regiontobe2pointsormorebehindthe Forum businesssurvey(withscoresof1–7)foundthe standards forinfrastructure.ArecentWorld Economic MDGs isessential,threeissuesneedspecialattention: ` ` a broadrange of stakeholders. These included government < in-country consultationworkshops in12membercountries released inJuneandNovember 2010, ADB held20 on thecurrentPCP andtwoconsultationdrafts thatwere for enhancements.Inaddition toseekingwritten promoted and Finally, potentialbenefitsexistforregional Second, infrastructuredesignmustconsiderenviron- First, the region must raise quality and maintenance First, theregionmustraisequalityandmaintenance While scalingupinfrastructurespendingtoachievethe Manila:ADB. c ininfrastructurequality. d For poverty-stricken areasinadjacent encouraged, includingpropagation cooperation b comments comments

POLICY AND STRATEGY OVERVIEW

17 business lending, project development, Annual Report 2010 Report Annual For those reasons, the Association of Southeast Asian Association of Southeast For those reasons, the To address these issues, ADB worked with ASEAN+3 ADB worked with address these issues, To The new policy was approved by the Board in by the Board policy was approved The new update and/or develop is also ongoing to Work #= to then- local currency bond markets as an alternative inadequate hedging, banks With dominant bank loans. and much were vulnerable to foreign exchange vagaries, investments. short-term borrowing was done for long-term regional bond market would help to ensure availability A to prevent of long-term domestic currency funding, to better channel maturity and currency mismatches, and savings into regional investment. the region’s Republic of China, Nations (ASEAN) and the People’s REGIONAL COOPERATION CREDIT GUARANTEE INITIATIVE: AND INVESTMENT FACILITY ASEAN+3—launched Japan, and Republic of Korea—or Asian Bond Markets Initiative (ABMI) in 2002 to the ABMI Though the foster local-currency bond markets. has achieved much—local currency denominated bonds in trillion in 2010 from Asia grew to nearly $5 East emerging less than $1 trillion in 2001—much more needs to be done to give corporations better access to bond markets and to R in 2010 to establish a credit guarantee and investment ADB to guarantee bonds facility (CGIF) as a trust fund of Access to local bond markets will make in the region. corporations less dependent on short-term foreign loans and less vulnerable to foreign exchange risks. CGIF also promotes harmonization of standards and practices for ASEAN+3, paving the way for bond issuance within < of scope. It in February 2011. and will become effective December countries, to developing member should improve services ` /6R shift ADB’s partners, and contribute to development operations. toward results-focused instruments on policy-based (for regional cooperation andcross-border investment lending.ment), and results-based invest

2 Manila. Manila. Manila. (See Chapter 13 for @ and education. 3 Sustainable Transport Initiative Operational Plan. Sustainable Transport Education by 2010 – A Sector Operations Plan. Addressing Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific: Priorities for Action. Second, a differentiation was made between cost Second, a differentiation The review concluded that the policy is fundamentally The review concluded raised during revised policy addressing key issues A ADB. 2010. ADB. 3 ADB. 2010. 3 ADB. 4 more details.) ADB also started developing new operational ADB also started developing new more details.) which will environment and public–private partnerships, be completed in 2011. 2 ADB. 2010. 2 ADB. ENHANCING ADB’S FINANCING ENHANCING ADB’S FINANCING INSTRUMENTS borrowing clients ADB’s continuing to offer are Efforts >[=[ /6 of its operations. improve the development effectiveness #OP O P to reduce the processing time and incremental costs of The potential to scale up repetitive processes for projects. well-performing projects was enhanced by the introduction of simple business processes and the easing of restrictions * overruns resulting from external reasons and those due problems and between pro- design and implementation to Third, jects that are performing well and those that are not. < /6 OPERATIONAL PLANS OPERATIONAL ADB of Strategy 2020, facilitate the implementation To ADB to guide is gradually introducing operational plans >[=[ for climate change, ADB approved three operational plans academia, media, international organizations, and project- organizations, media, international academia, participated in the than 500 people people. More affected <#< of its stakeholders in 2006 and 2009two global surveys performance and ADB’s of to gauge their perceptions communications. While its thrust well implemented. sound and has been ADB at the fore- are needed to keep changes to the policy front of best practices. Board of Directors ADB’s the review will be considered by in mid-2011. sustainable transport, CHAPTER 4 DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION

ADB continued to sharpen its focus on results in all aspects of its performance in 2010. ADB’s corporate results framework is used as a management tool to monitor its performance and promote continuous institutional improvements to expand its development effectiveness. While continuing to ensure accountability and compliance throughout its operations, ADB has introduced streamlined business processes for country partnership strategies and loan delivery, tightened its integrity and anticorruption protocols, and improved the dissemination of high-quality knowledge. DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 19 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual New Guinea, Samoa, and Tajikistan. were produced to describe ADB’s contributions to contributions ADB’s were produced to describe 1 ADB upgraded its MfDR learning and development ADB upgraded its closely with sev- ADB worked Throughout the year, The joint country analytical work ADB undertook The joint country analytical work countries’ development outcomes. development countries’ a new communications plan to program and implemented messages on MfDR. systematically disseminate member countries—Bangladesh, eral of its developing Democratic Republic, the Lao People’s Bhutan, Cambodia, their capacities in MfDR. It Nam—to strengthen Viet and M Z/Y< ADB monitors the progress of its commitments in the ADB monitors the progress of its commitments through regular Aid Effectiveness Paris Declaration on ADB conducted its fourth annual surveys. In January, survey incorporating 2009 data from 25 developing annual ADB continued that The results showed member countries. with national priorities, These were (i) aligning aid in 2009. (iii) using country (ii) coordinating technical assistance, units, and number of parallel project implementation (v) coordinating missions. by the 2010 grew in 2009 and is on track to meet the target years, ADB As in previous has stepped up support for of knowledge, its promotion such as incorporating knowledge components in new partnership agreements PROGRESS ON AID EFFECTIVENESS AGENDA of developing member countries and to improve the ways and to improve member countries of developing development effectiveness monitored. Eleven results are briefs /6 )

governance and good better aid delivery, resources, ADB in 2010. special focus for have been areas of

/6 During the year, ADB completed its third Develop- ADB completed its third During the year, In-depth assessment of strategies, policies, and opera- In-depth assessment ADB has stepped up support As in previous years, See box on page 20. 1 Republic, Mongolia, Nepal, Papua Democratic These cover Afghanistan, Armenia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Georgia, the Lao People’s framework in early 2011 to increase its value as a manage- framework in early 2011 ment tool, and cascaded the Strategy 2020 goals to work priorities at all levels of the organization. results frameworks to better align these with the objectives

MANAGING FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGING FOR DEVELOPMENT RESULTS results (MfDR) Guided by its managing for development ADB sharpened its focus on action plan for 2009–2011, results in managing its entire business. It continued to use its Strategy 2020 results framework regularly to monitor its performance, identify issues, and take action. Review to report its performance, and ment Effectiveness < ( S OVERVIEW ADB’s corporate results framework continues to shape its corporate results framework ADB’s promote improvement in its activities. performance and to Evaluation Department (IED) tions by the Independent Accountability ADB’s while year, continued during the to provide an independent forum for Mechanism continued from parties seeking to resolve problems arising affected working group joint Board–Management A ADB projects. Accountability Mechanism initiated a review of the 2003 will be completed in 2011. which Policy, as incorporating for its promotion of knowledge, such agreements. In knowledge components in new partnership transparency, 2010, demonstrating a commitment to greater Policy, ADB began a review of its Public Communications addition In seeking new ways to improve its effectiveness. ADB boosted its risk- to streamlining business processes, and anticorruption protocols. management, integrity, DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 20 * ADFisapooloffunds availableforfinancingADBoperationsatconcessional terms. ADB =AsianDevelopment Bank,ADF=AsianDevelopmentFund. 2009 DevelopmentEffectivenessReviewSummaryofPerformance with Strategy2020priorities. services toitsclientsefficiently, andaligningitsoperations taining thequalityofitsoperations,deliveringfundsand progress towarditstargetsinmanyareas,includingsus- which ADBresultsareontrackornot.madegood Summary ofPerformance below). be metin2015(see2009DevelopmentEffectivenessReview the non-incomeMillenniumDevelopmentGoaltargetswill income povertyindicators.Thissuggestsitisunlikelythat improvementintheperformanceofmostnon- was notedinreducingincomepoverty, therewastoo analyzetheimpactofcrisisin2009.Whilesome there wasinsufficientcurrentdataonpovertytoproperly outcomesprecedingthe2008globaleconomiccrisis,as Annual MeetinginMay. April 2010andpresentedtoADB’sBoardofGovernorsinthe work. ThereportwasdiscussedbytheBoardofDirectorsin progress madein2009onthecorporateresultsframe- ADB’s thirdDevelopmentEffectivenessReviewmonitored 2009 DevelopmentEffectiveness Review

te ucm niaos G G A G Other OutcomeIndicators Poverty andHumanDevelopmentOutcomes Asia andthePacific Development Outcomes (Level 1)

prtoa ult n otoi efrac G G G Operational QualityandPortfolio Performance Operational Effectiveness (Level 3) Performance Indicators taei ou nOeain G G Strategic Focus inOperations Finance Mobilization Contribution toDevelopmentOutcomes Core SectorOutputs Core Outputsand Sector Their Contribution edrMisraig R R Gender Mainstreaming ua eore A A R A A R A Business ProcessesandPractices Budget Adequacy Human Resources Organizational Effectiveness (Level 4) Partnerships Knowledge Management to Development Outcomes (Level 2) The corporateperformancereportnotedareasin At Level1,thereviewassessedonlydevelopment previous reviewperiods.) Red: “Progressstalledorregressed” (Morethanhalfoftheindicatorsingroupstagnatingorregressing overtwoormore or regress.) Amber: “Progressbeginningtostall orregress”(Resultsaremixed:equalnumberofindicatorsimproving orbeginningtostagna periods.) Green: “Madeprogress”(Morethan halfoftheindicatorsingrouphaveshownimprovementsoverbaselines orprevious Asian DevelopmentBank G G

G G

progress progress little little

in 2010tostrengthenorganizationalcapacity. balance. ADBalsosignificantlyincreaseditsstaffand resources andintensifyingeffortstoimproveADB’sgender education, andgendermainstreaming;increasingstaff linking budgetallocationstoperformanceincofinancing, performance ofprojects;introducingapilotresultsscheme steps, notablyexpeditingimprovedreportingsystemsonthe completed projects. New did cofinancingofAsianDevelopmentFund operations. Knowledge managementprogresscontinuedtolag,as are stillbelowthelevelofthosebaselineyear. results achievedoverthepast3years,though ADB’s expansioninoperations.Gendermainstream resource andbudgetconstraintsremainedaconcern, indication ofthechallengesinvolvedineachcase. However, afewareasfailedtoimprovesignificantly, an to maximizebenefitsitsdevelopingmembercountries. ADB’s action plan commits to a number of remedial ADB’s actionplancommitstoanumberofremedial ADB workedcloselywithotherdevelopmentpartners concerns emergedwithregardtotheoutcomesof Operations Countries Countries ADB ADF ADB

Operations ADF improving, *

Human budget budget given ing te

DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 21 strategy, strategy, technical # 3 outreach, an Mechanism, both Mechanism, both together to dissemi- to the Board that it was to the Board that it was 2 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual RP Final Report. Manila. 7572). ADB initiated a review of the Accountability ADB initiated a review of the # X * ] countries in early 2011. Mechanism Policy in 2010. (See Chapter 3, page 15.) IED’s 2010 work program was driven by four main 2010 work IED’s priorities strategic ADB’s considerations: (i) aligning with and providing input for the formulation of future policies, strategies, and programs; (ii) providing real-time INDEPENDENT EVALUATION FOR INDEPENDENT EVALUATION DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS internally in ADB and externally. As part of that As ADB and externally. internally in /6Z- regional nism outreach in the form of a small-scale outreach on a regional basis. pilot assistance to unable to complete the compliance review and make any unable to complete the compliance review accountability for the Fuzhou ADB’s determination as to in the People’s Environmental Improvement Project lack of consent due to the government’s Republic of China to visit the project site. to the CRP XY` Accountability Mechanism formal strategy for Accountabil- of the annual program to promote awareness ity Mechanism, and continued to work Accountability nate information about the Project in Pakistan) and conducted the fourth annual moni- Project in Pakistan) and conducted the fourth Development Project Transport toring for the Southern reported The CRP in Sri Lanka. The ADB Accountability Accountability The ADB an provides Mechanism forum for people independent by ADB- affected adversely voice to assisted projects and seek complaints of problems resolution The mechanism has two phases: consultation and #X*] #Y{"- While the level of ADB assistance disbursed through While the level of 2 Environmental Improvement Project – ADB Loan 2176-PRC: C Request No. 2009/1 for the Fuzhou CRP/R1-10. Compliance Review Panel 3 Assistance for Good Governance and Development Effectiveness through the Accountability Mechanism (RETA ADB. 2010. Technical The ADB Accountability Mechanism provides an inde- ADB The ADB- by affected pendent forum for people adversely seek resolution of assisted projects to voice complaints and This takes place through consultation and facili- problems. ADB with its opera- into allegations of noncompliance by The mechanism is designed tional policies and procedures. and help development effectiveness ADB’s to contribute to * problem-solving conducted by the Special Project Facili- by the independent and compliance review led tator, Compliance Review Panel (CRP). seven new complaints in 2010, of which two met its eligi- The bility criteria. Four previous complaints were closed. X Y>[=[" mandate and dered to be outside the scope of the CRP’s had been referred to the concerned operations department. toring program (for the Chashma Right Bank Irrigation ENSURING ACCOUNTABILITY ENSURING ACCOUNTABILITY AND COMPLIANCE deadline. However, ADB must improve its performance in its performance ADB must improve However, deadline. systems, in program-based country procurement the use of aid predictability to meet the Paris approaches, and in in these areas. Declaration targets in 2009, was below target program-based approaches projects employing such approaches the number of new The decline in the aid predictability increased over 2008. attributable to approvals for major indicator was mostly which are by nature unpredict- crisis response operations, the use of country procurement systems, improve To able. sharing, ADB is facilitating policy dialogue, knowledge of national and capacity development, and strengthening - ment Partnership Initiative. DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION for Bhutanand theLaoPeople’s DemocraticRepublicto timely feedbackonwhatworked andwhatdidnot,why. contribute totheformulationof countrystrategiesandprovide to evaluatecountrypartnership strategies. These evaluations ations ofsectorassistanceprogramsandindividualprojects achieving plannedoutcomes.IEDreliesonanumberofevalu- whether ADB isallocatingandusingresourcesproperly and learning. To promoteaccountability, evaluationsassess capacity development. planned programofevaluations,knowledgeproducts,and buting toknowledgesolutions.In2010,IEDdeliveredthe evaluation of ADB projectsandprograms;(iv)contri- evaluate develop (iii) building capacityof developingmembercountriesto feedback duringloanprocessingandimplementation; 22 Complaint-handling trainingforIndonesianvillagefacilitators In 2010, IED evaluated the country partnership strategies In 2010,IEDevaluatedthecountry partnershipstrategies IED evaluationsaimtopromoteaccountabilityforresults Asian DevelopmentBank ment projectsandtrain ADB staff onself- formulate developmentstrategiesandplans,thoughitcould ment reviewmeetings. 462 operationaldocumentsand participatedin65manage- their preparationduringtheyear. Itcommentedonabout detailed commentsonproject designattheearlystagesof programs, andcountrypartnership strategies,IED provided have donebettertostrengthenpublicsector a market-basedeconomyandassistedthegovernmentto its objectives. ADB helpedthecountryinitstransitionto ADB countrystrategywasrated develop ment of basicinfrastructureintwomajorcenters. * successful assess theirperformance. The strategyforBhutanwas 6 * /6 # In theLaoPeople’s DemocraticRepublic,too,the . The evaluationfound,forexample,that ADB successful inachieving management rated rated DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION

23 assess assistance carbon footprint carbon management. water conservation. Annual Report 2010 Report Annual assistance contributed contributed assistance Using rigorous methods, IED assessed development Using rigorous methods, knowledgeIn addition, IED published an evaluation ADB technical assistance to India, The evaluation of After carrying out a special evaluation study to ADB ADB development to water policy including in Asia in areas reforms, governance, tariff conservation and water /6"* and the sustain- in Bhutan on quality of life in rural areas, * O 6+P>@ projects transport brief on reducing carbon emissions from carbon footprint ofand suggested measures to reduce the developed The study transport sector assistance. ADB’s footprint oftools to monitor and evaluate the carbon The study estimated gross transport sector projects. ADB’s from the construction and opera- carbon dioxide emissions approved duringADB-funded transport projects tions of average ofThat would be an 2000–2009 at 792 million tons. Transport 20-year lifetime. 39.6 million tons/year in a project’s sector investments and strategies that reduce Hence, investmentsalso help reduce local air pollution. carbon reduce both in railways and public transport could Thedioxide emissions and air pollution over the long term. as aADB adopt carbon emissions study recommended that and appraisal. consideration for project design, review, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka for building the environment has found that contin- city to manage capa assistance is required for strengthening country ADB ued environment safeguard systems, with particular attention Policy and related Water 2001 ADB’s the implementation of ADB’s operations, IED found the policy to be relevant to corporate strategy and developing member countries’ ADB that national priorities. It found, moreover, Asia in areas contributed to water policy development in reforms, and including governance, tariff the study found that more remains to be done, However, particularly in integrated water resources

projects IED collaborates with other evaluation agencies mainly with other evaluation IED collaborates The regulatory and managerial environment should be IED also evaluated the sustainability of ADB IED also evaluated the sustainability of through the Evaluation Cooperation Group to improve its Group to improve Evaluation Cooperation through the led the subgroup on good In 2010, IED own effectiveness. evaluation of policy-based lendingpractice standards for practice standards for evaluation ofand contributed to good sector operations. It also participatedsovereign and private of the evaluation network activitiesand/or remained abreast of the Organisa- Assistance Committee of the Development and Development.tion for Economic Co-operation IED produced higher-level evaluations and knowledge IED produced higher-level important areas toproducts in a number of strategically a diverse set ofThe products relate to promote learning. The implementation. and programs after completion of their are projects ADB-funded study found that about 65% of producing project A rated likely sustainable at completion. projects Making not guarantee its long-term sustainability. is a complex sustainable during their entire lifetime It takes collective process and depends on many factors. different at ADB and governments of stakeholders in efforts stages of the project cycle to ensure project sustainability. * operation are essential. conducive to support rational output pricing and adequate operations and maintenance. Dependence on government for operations and maintenance and a weak political will for cost recovery generally make projects unsustainable. LEARNING FROM INDEPENDENT LEARNING FROM INDEPENDENT EVALUATION issues, including special evaluation studies of ADB support to of issues, including special evaluation studies \" partnership facilities, and gender and development. of operations and maintenance is an imperative affordability " attention ADB needs to pay particular for their sustainability. * It should to ensure post-completion project sustainability. assess the risks to project outputs and outcomes and mitigate them during project preparation and implementation, and monitor them during operation working closely with the client governments. DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 24 project completionreports and relatedself-evaluation. training andlearningevents for ADB staff onpreparing for Development Evaluation Training. IEDalsoorganized and Southeast Asia attheShanghaiInternationalProgram of IED.In2010,thedepartmentsupportedtraining member countriesandin ADB isanimportantmandate T on BhutanHouseholds Electriﬁcation StudyShedsNewLight poultry productioninthesouth. fined toweavingincentralandwesternBhutan The useofelectricityforgeneratingincomesiscon- tricity islimitedtolighting,cooking,andwaterboiling. are modestbecausehouseholdconsumptionofelec- most economic,social,andenvironmentaloutcomes enjoy abetterqualityoflifeandearnmore.However, benefitsisslowlyemerging,electrifiedhouseholds 4 years. electrified householdshadreceivedelectricityfor householdsinthe10studydistricts.Onaverage, than 2,000households,representingabout18%of were carefullyselected.Thesampleincludedmore from 10of15districts( and diversecommunitiestobeassessed,106villages pared inthestudy. To allowconditionsindisparate villages whereelectrificationisplannedwerecom- tifiable, visible,andpositiveresults. quality oflife,foundthatelectrificationhashadquan- environ which assessedtheprojects’impacton improves thelivesofruralpeople kingdom provides insightsintohowelectricity Evaluation Departmentofhouseholdsinthe An investigationbyADB’s Independent Evaluation capacitydevelopmentindeveloping The assessmentfoundthatwhiletheflowof Households electrifiedunderthetwoprojectsand Asian DevelopmentBank has carriedoutinBhutansince1996.Thestudy, two ofthefiveruralelectrificationprojectsADB he IndependentEvaluationDepartmentexamined mental, andsocialaspectsofruralpeople’s dzonkhags ) intheprojectarea economic,

Ganesh Rauniyar Empowered: newlyinstalledequipmentinaBhutanruralbusiness streamlined anditsknowledge contentimproved. manner. IED’s website (www.adb.org/evaluation) was electricity useforactivitiesthatraiseincomes. on thesuccessachievedsofarandstrivetoenhance food security. ItconcludedthatBhutanshould build impact ofelectrificationonfertility, migration,and ized inthelongrun,studysawamodestpositive on theseissuesthantheirmalecounterparts. household membersandtendtobebetterinformed decisions schooling.Women playmoresignificantrolesin households completecomparativelymoreyearsof solid fuels.Children,particularlygirls,in problems—and fewersickdays—thanthose and enjoysubstantiallyfewersmoke-inducedhealth time tocollectingfirewood,spendlessonfossilfuel, to commu < nities ofpractice, andpublicationsinatimely results toimproveitsproductsandservicesinthefuture. users’ perceptionsofIEDworkwiththegoalusing In addition,asurveytobecompletedin2011 willprobe Although electrificationbenefitsaremostlyreal- Members ofelectrifiedhouseholdsdevoteless IED willcontinuetoproactivelydisseminate regarding theeducationandhealthof electrified burning

DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION

25 departmental Annual Report 2010 Report Annual and food security To empower CoPs, ADB added staff positions and ADB added staff empower CoPs, To New collaboration mechanisms for cross- ADB began to incorpo- foster stronger partnerships, To In 2010, ADB hosted 13 communities communities ADB hosted 13 In 2010, of practice: Agriculture, rural development, Education Energy Environment Financial sector development Gender equity and poverty Social development and governance Public management Health and integration Regional cooperation Transport Urban Water like-mindedCommunities of practice are groups of sector andindividuals who keep know-how in sharingthematic domains alive by continuously building on that, and adapting what they know, knowledge to specific applications. increased tenfold the budgets allotted for their activities. courses This helped them design and deliver customized for their members, conduct self-assessments of their participate in global conferences and other effectiveness, forums, and collaborate with fellow CoPs and external research undertakings and knowledge partners in joint sharing. and multi-disciplinary knowledge generation and sharing ADB’s web pages in were set up, among them the CoP intranet and links to sector and thematic resources, such as portals. urban and energy rate knowledge components in new partnership agreements, Knowledge management and Knowledge Solutions series. Prominent among ADB’s efforts was the establishment efforts ADB’s Prominent among ADB’s on knowledge in sharpen the focus To To empower CoPs, ADB To positions and added staff tenfold the budgets increased allotted for their activities Knowledge underpins development effectiveness. In 2004, development effectiveness. Knowledge underpins ADB’s Framework signaled the Knowledge Management The a learning organization. to become concerted efforts two mutually supportive outcomes: framework pursues ADB of of and dissemination by (i) increased assimilation " < and (ii) enhanced learning countries and other stakeholders, within ADB. units in IED or strengthening of knowledge management 2020 boosted this and regional departments. Strategy a bigger ADB should play commitment by indicating that solutions to work role in putting the potential of knowledge Z >[[M>[== operations, ADB’s a sharpened knowledge focus in strengthened empowered communities of practice (CoPs), enhanced staff external knowledge partnerships, and ADB stepped up learning and skills development. In 2010, supportive actions. tions, new sector peer review procedures were opera country business processes for ADB’s into incorporated gies and lending products, including ship strate partner ADB strengthened Asian Development Fund grants. rence of its knowledge the terms of refe TRANSFORMING ADB’S TRANSFORMING AGENDA KNOWLEDGE champions and conducted an assessment of the demand for knowledge products through resident and regional and theme-related to transform sector- missions. Efforts ADB’s information into knowledge were boosted, and drive to broaden understanding of tools, methods, and for knowledge management and learning approaches continued through the Showcases DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 26 The policybroughtaboutamajor culturalchangewithin multilateral developmentbanks. Sincethen, ADB has progressive andattheforefront ofbestpracticesamong 2005, thePublicCommunicationsPolicywasconsidered Experience with2005policy. TRANSPARENCY DISCLOSURE AND indi vidual andorganizational learningandsharing. orative knowledgesharingenvironment,andpromoting knowledge-based projectsandservices,creatingacollab- ADB’s improvementsindevelopinganddeliveringclient attracted agreaternumberofrespondentsandhighlighted of knowledgemanagement. The 2010MAKEsurvey 6 years,whichrevealsfast-improvingstaff perceptions Enterprises (MAKE)survey, conductedannuallythepast survey complementedtheMost Admired Knowledge (organization, people, knowledge,andtechnology). This to collect staff feedbackonfourdriversoflearning June 2010,itintroducedthe standing ofknowledgemanagementandlearning.In developed anddelivered10trainingcourses. technical capacity. The Water CoP, togetherwithBPMSD, vided CoPswiththeopportunitytodeveloptheir members’ to theneedsofCoP andregionaldepartments. This pro- program forstaff learninganddevelopmenttobettercater Systems Department(BPMSD)reviewedand enhanced its planned for2011. The Budget,Personnel,andManage ment Learning forChangePrimers,withe-learningapplications the KnowledgeManagementandLearningSeries knowledge generationandsharingweredeliveredunder GuidelinesforKnowledgePartnerships partnerships wasdevelopedfordeliveryin2011, and monitoring ofpartnerships. A newcourseonlearningin designing aplatformtoenable ADB-wide managementand of strategicpartnershipsforuseacross ADB andisnow the UnitedNationsChildren’s Fund.Italsobuilt adatabase the Australian Agency forInternationalDevelopment,and such asthosewith Agence FrançaisedeDéveloppement, As inpreviousyears, ADB promotedfurther under- Courses topromoteawarenessof,andactionon, Asian DevelopmentBank Learning forChange Survey When adoptedin April wereformulated.

and

in future. well, ADB iscommitted toevengreatertransparency the policyisgoodandithasserved ADB anditsmembers reviews havegenerallyfoundthattheaimanddirectionof disclosure goodpractices. While internalandexternal multilateral developmentbanksintermsofinformation relevant andthat ADB compareswellagainstother overall ADB’s PublicCommunicationsPolicyremains disclosure. provided in95%ofthecases.Overall,staff recognizethe for informationreceivedsince2005,thewas X{[[[& 125% since2005. Accessibility toinformationontheweb- of documentspostedonthe ADB websitehasincreasedby posted onthe ADB websiteisnowavailable: thenumber staff atmajorinternationalforumsandconferences. ties andpublicspeakingengagementsbyManagement "- </6 /6R tions strategy, whichsupportsthepolicy, hasledtomore 100% ontransparencygoodpractice. ADB’s externalrela- published byOne World Trust, ADB receivedascoreof ally improved.Inthe2007Global Accountability Report &- disclosure. ADB hassuccessfullyadoptedapresumptioninfavorof operating procedureforall ADB projects.In general, ADB suchthatdisclosureisnowconsideredstandard supportive workenvironment. rized bythewords:goodpeople, capablemanagers,anda Three keygoalswerehighlighted inthispaper, summa- value proposition(orwhat ADB offers ofvaluetoitsstaff). Our PeopleStrategy, whichsetsout ADB’s employee A milestonein2010wastheapprovalJanuaryof MANAGEMENT IMPROVING HUMANRESOURCE The reviewofthe2005policyin2010hasshownthat Disclosure compliance,includingtimelinessof

DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 27 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual rts/cps-responding-to-the-new-aid-architecture.pdf ing organization, staff skills, and incentives; and staff ing organization, In 2010, ADB’s Board of Directors approved a special ADB’s In 2010, Z/6 In response to the 2009 Development Effectiveness 2009 Development Effectiveness In response to the STRENGTHENING RISK STRENGTHENING RISK MANAGEMENT a greater In line with Strategy 2020, which envisages /6 its risk to strengthen ADB has made a concentrated effort This is essential to allow management capabilities further. with additional ADB to manage the higher risks associated private sector lending operations. a comprehensive capital expenditure budget for developing risk management system that will provide an information technology platform to monitor and manage risk more and 2012. ongoing during 2011 X Y<steps to develop an operational risk management frame- Z < 2010 included the introduction of a pricing tool that provides a reference point for the pricing of nonsovereign transactions. It upgraded its information technology system, especially system, its information technology It upgraded strategies partnership for preparing country the one used ADB This means management. and projects and portfolio monitor project information can now more effectively throughout project cycles. Y* rates of completed investment and indicators (the success established operations), Management technical assistance working group with a in June a project implementation key issues and regional department mandate to identify or applied more good practices that could be replicated The working group made recommendations under widely. project readiness; three headings: (i) achieving total (ii) enhanc project implementation. (iii) ensuring effective

and loan 4 reforms included (i) enhanced (November 2009) at http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/better-and-faster-loan-delivery.pdf

on 1 January 2010. 5 Better and Faster Loan Delivery The paper was followed by the preparation of its the preparation of was followed by The paper # Under the new business processes, ADB introduced Under the new business processes, For loan delivery, ADB Along with business process improvements, 5 See implementation plan—the Human Resource Function Human Resource plan—the implementation April. in Action Plan, completed and Strategic Framework serve as the medium-term road map These two documents ADB. resource management in for improving human Committee of the Board, which met Human Resources practical and timely guidance seven times and provided At the end of policies and programs. on human resource +Y inclusive- key theme was diversity and A annual report. and staff ness, with gender balance in international resident mission increased value placed on the role of remaining important goals. staff To improve service delivery and increase internal improve service To /6 processes for country partnership strategies STREAMLINING BUSINESS STREAMLINING BUSINESS PROCESSES 4 Aid Architecture (November 2009) at http://www.adb.org/Documents/Repo Strategy: Responding to the New See Country Partnership several important changes in the way it conducts its busi- several important changes in the way it documen- ness, including more concise and streamlined strategies processes. In 2010, three country partnership ` Tajikistan. for Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, and <"*` peer of operations, (ii) more strategic and sector-focused reviews, (iii) greater focus on implementation and project ADB expects the average introduction of these reforms, has been strengthening the use of information technology. delivery DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION 28 ofﬁces missions, andrepresentative departments, resident in selectedheadquarters portfolios were conducted and technicalassistance Audits ofloan,grant, (Deloitte & Touche) toensureeffective planningand cations, andisestablishingaqualityassuranceprogram. improve itsprocesses,reportingformats,andcommuni- tors’ InternationalProfessionalPracticesFramework. The be broadlycompliantwiththeInstituteofInternal Audi- automate internalauditprocesses. software hassimilarlybeenimplementedinOAGto and Technology StrategyIIprogram. Audit management data center, andprojectsundertheInformationSystems Information systemreviewscoveredthemainframe, selected consultantcontractsandcommissaryoperations. Financial andadministrativeauditsincludedof included borrowingsandassociatedhedgeswaps, # selected headquartersdepartments,residentmissions,and grant, andtechnicalassistanceportfolioswereconductedin ance with ADB policies,procedures,andregulations; utilization, andgovernanceprocesses;ensurecompli- strengthen internalcontrol,riskmanagement,resource The auditsarebasedonriskassessmentsandgearedto and administrativeprocesses;informationsystems. '< pendent auditsof ADB’s loan,grant,andtechnicalassis- #XX- AUDIT OAG coordinateditsworkwith ADB’s outside auditors Based onaninternalassessment,OAGwasfoundto OAG completed22auditsin2010. Audits of loan, Asian DevelopmentBank emphasis onhigh-riskitems. mendations, andthosemadebytheoutsideauditor, withan outside auditorwereapprovedbytheBoard. of consultantclaims. The principlesfortheselectionof contracts wereauditedbyOAGtoensuretheauthenticity XX cal assistancetrust/grantfundsundertakenattherequestof and Price waterhouseCoopers ontheauditsof32techni- offerings. OAGalsocollaboratedwithDeloitte& Touche process, andagreedproceduresonthree ADB bond >[=[ /6R # / implementation ofauditactivities.OAGprovided support any earliersanction imposedby ADB, whohavebeen individuals whohavebeensanctioned forhavingbreached "@=[ agreement cameintoforce. ADB hassubmittedrequestsfor and twoindividualssanctionedbythe World Banksincethe /6& debarment actionswithrespecttocorruption,fraud, Group). The agreementenforceseachother’s prospective Inter-American DevelopmentBank,andthe World Bank Bank, EuropeanBankforReconstructionand multilateral developmentbanks(African (the Cross-Debarment Agreement) withpartici Agreement forMutualEnforcementofDebarmentDecisions awareness of Anticorruption Policyrequirements. X< preventing anddetectingintegrityviolations. Working policies, guidelines,andloanagreements,withafocuson /6"*/6R conducts projectprocurement-relatedreviewsofongoing /6"# est, misconduct,andabuse(collectivelyknownasinteg- \- receives andinvestigatesallegationsoffraud,corruption, X X /6 # ANTICORRUPTION ACTIVITIES INTEGRITY AND OAG monitorstheprogressofitsoutstandingrecom- /6 During theyear, OAIfacilitated ADB’s signingofthe Development, Development, Development Development pating pating DELIVERING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION

29 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual related reviews were carried out on projects in Bangladesh, Bangladesh, on projects in were carried out related reviews Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Republic of China, the People’s anticorruption training sessions in and Nepal. OAI held under two regional Cambodia, Nepal, and Uzbekistan * # >/6=- and corruption awareness workshops nars, and 9 fraud to ensure that all continuing endeavors ADB’s as part of the highest standards of members observe ADB staff integrity and ethics. ADB received 188 new allegations related to ADB- new allegations related to ADB received 188 sanctioned for second or subsequent integrity violations, integrity violations, for second or subsequent sanctioned of sanction after reasonable could not notify whom OAI under the ADB by and who are cross-debarred efforts, "/# " to authorized users website, restricted ADB’s published on need to know. with a demonstrated */6 @ ] * " CHAPTER 5 SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS

Fresh initiatives in education, health, clean energy, governance and anticorruption, and sustainable transport helped maintain the momentum of ADB’s Strategy 2020. This long-term agenda focuses on priority sectors and thematic areas that align with the commitment to eradicate poverty through inclusive, environmentally sustainable economic growth and regional integration. ADB also worked to raise awareness of the region’s progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS 31 A Sector A : Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Education by 2020 Loans were provided to expand the The plan addresses challenges in human The plan addresses /6 ` "* HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Education. nearly doubled to 25 staff and staff consultants. More consultants. and staff to 25 staff nearly doubled gender-responsive were trained in members than 200 staff project design and implementation. Operations Plan. them, including response in meeting ADB’s and presents development and increased support for workforce skills stresses the importance of The plan higher education. "M ADB also prepared knowledge products partnerships. million) ($611.7 in these areas. Eight loans and grants response to the demand ADB’s included, among others, the Lao People’s for workforce skills development in The Higher Education Nam. Viet Democratic Republic and Asia Project focused on improving knowledge in Dynamic to plan and and capacity for developing member countries implement critical higher education reforms. Health. ADB produced studies and supported in eight countries. for human health held policy dialogue on the implications and water the agriculture of climate change as it affects impacts reduction, and on the health sectors and disaster-risk "#/ at ADB supported efforts disseminated best practices, and controlling communicable diseases, including HIV/AIDS New in the Greater Mekong Subregion. and dengue fever, information was provided to back investment in maternal, ' Observatory was initiated. + and the environ- inclusive growth, Social protection, ments of the poor. conditional cash transfer program in the Philippines services ($400 million) and to sustain expenditure on social ($100 million). Grants and social protection in Georgia ($3 million) were made to alleviate the impact of the global assistance was provided to devise an Technical countries. With the United Nations the United With , was launched by President

Paths to 2015

nder its overarching goal of poverty reduction, nder its overarching to ensure operations focus Strategy 2020 aims long-term ADB’s best with on sectors that align

The Gender and Development Plan of Action 2008– The Gender and Development Plan of

GENDER EQUITY Guidelines for the Gender Mainstreaming Categories of in gender The increase ADB Projects were also updated. analyses mainstreaming—the inclusion of gender-related in the design of programs and projects—continued for the for gen- ADB reached its 2012 numerical targets third year. ADB public sector and der mainstreaming of 40% of all Fund projects. Asian Development 50% of 2010 ended with progress in core areas, including infra- further improve To structure, environment, and education. the plan will be continued through performance, ADB’s specialists Meanwhile, the number of gender 2011–2012. U POVERTY REDUCTION AND MDGs Kuroda at the UN World Summit on the Millenium Devel- World Kuroda at the UN discussion ADB also engaged in strategic opment Goals. in the context with development partners and governments by 2015. of projects to fast-track MDG achievements agenda for inclusive growth, environmental sustainability, growth, environmental sustainability, agenda for inclusive ADB continued and integration. and regional cooperation of strategies for each sector, to oversee the implementation and knowledge management, and to promote learning ADB practices in to encourage the uptake of innovative operations. Selected work is reported. Millennium Development Goals. ADB Programme, and the United Nations Development policy advo- worked to disseminate knowledge, promote build capacity for statistics programs. Several and cacy, on improving vital events were held, including a forum ministerial- statistics and civil registration and regional tripartite partnership produced a number of publications, # one of which, SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS 32 2010 reached$1.76 billion,whichisexpected toresultin to $2billionfrom2013.Clean energy investmentsin clean-energy-investment target of$1billion(2008–2012) into theCleanEnergy Programtodoubleanannual Energy. SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Policies andOperationswasinitiated. of ADB’s GovernanceandPublic SectorManagement corruption agency. In2010,aStocktakeandStrategicReview in threedevelopingmembercountriesandwithananti- ments wereimplementedwithprocurementagencies staff identifygovernancerisks.Detailedcapacityassess- notes (educationandroadtransport)werepreparedtohelp in 20countriesandacrosssevensectors. Two sector ments andriskmanagementplanshavebeenimplemented corruption Action Plan(GACAP II)in2006,riskassess- Since theapprovalofSecondGovernanceand Anti- DEVELOPMENT GOVERNANCE ANDCAPACITY and approvalisexpectedin2011. plan forFinanceSectorDevelopmentwasbeingprepared backed efforts bydevelopingmembercountriestopromote policy reformsandbuildingcapacity, whiletheremainder preparing lending programs/projects, andimplementing regional guarantees.Mosttechnicalassistancewasfor reforms. Nonsovereigninvestmentreached$1,035 million, "` <" Sovereign FINANCE SECTORDEVELOPMENT Change andtheGreen Economy The Environments ofthePoorinContextClimate ADB alsopreparedseveralknowledgeproducts,including action planfor ADB’s involvementinsocialprotection. Asian DevelopmentBank /6 lending of$893.4 million supportedgeneral . guidance guidance

existing strategicpartners. and foundations(e.g.,GlobalEnvironmentFacility), zations, externalinternationaldevelopmentorganizations - /6 / infrastructure investments,whichmaycomefromgov- are leadingtoanestimated$4.4billioninadditionalurban ing and$1.6millionincounterpartycontributions. These These interventionsused$7.7millionofinitiativefund- 13 countries—withatarget of50citiesbytheend2012. for Asia (CDIA)approvedapplicationsfrom23citiesin the facilityoperational. The CitiesDevelopmentInitiative ]>[[`< mentation guidelinesfortheUrbanFinancingPartnership tional Plan,forwhichapprovalisexpectedin2011. Imple- stimulated discussiononcoreareasoftheUrbanOpera- Urban development. for supportinurbantransport. Transport Project wasapproved,servingasashowcase social sustainability. The KathmanduSustainableUrban border transportandlogistics,roadsafety, and urban transport,mainstreamingclimatechange,cross- ADB Transport Forum2010discussedissuesrelatedto sustain able transportindevelopingmembercountries. The Initiative OperationalPlanplaced ADB atthe forefront of Transport. households connectedduring2003–2009. fuels for1.5millionhouseholds,addingto1.27 investment will provide accesstoelectricityandmodern exceeded $950million,from$418millionin2009. The &""* greenhouse gasemissionreductionof13milliontonscarbon capacity, 3,246GWhelectricitysavingsperyear, andannual additional 1,871MW renewable energy generation renewable energygeneration that goalfrom 2013willboost a targetof$1billion. Doubling reached $1.76 billion,against Clean energyinvestments Approval oftheSustainable Transport Urban Day2010,heldinManila, SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS 33 The PPP Practice Practice The PPP address environmental Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Under the Safeguard Policy Statement that that Under the Safeguard Policy Statement ADB allocated $1.76 billion to clean energy investments. billion to clean energy ADB allocated $1.76 to climate-proof projects, ADB expanded efforts were attended by 680 staff, 19 new staff were recruited, 19 new staff were attended by 680 staff, =["- million were implemented to tance projects totaling $11.3 ADB– strengthen country safeguard systems, and several Bank country safeguard reviews were conducted. World CROSSCUTTING INITIATIVES CROSSCUTTING INITIATIVES Public–private partnership (PPP). Group, which functions as the community of practice ADB, for all PPP-related matters within and outside Fund Board in June of 2010 as one of the Multilateral as one of the Multilateral in June of 2010 Fund Board Fund. Entities for the Implementing technology innovation, transfer, New initiatives to promote Tech- Asia Clean the were advanced, including and diffusion and Clean EnergyAsia Climate Change nology Exchange, the Partner- Initiative, the Climate Public–Private Capital Venture and Quantum Initiative, Energy Asia Solar ship Fund, the Program continued Market Its Carbon Power. Wind Leap in investments through the Kyototechnology for low-carbon Clean Development Mechanism. Protocol’s in Cambodia, including those for road improvements Nam; for water Viet and Timor-Leste, Solomon Islands, facilities in the projects in Bangladesh; and for port research, knowledge, Cook Islands. It stepped up policy, resilience, as and capacity building, to build climate & + Z\ # ADB, a founding member Network was launched in 2010. network, is collaborating with partners to enhance of the on climate knowledge generation and dissemination Safeguards. projects ADB screened all in January 2010, came into effect involuntaryfor potential impacts related to the environment, resettlement, and indigenous peoples, and assisted borrowers and clients to adopt safeguards to ensure sound implementation of the To and social risks. Safeguard Policy Statement, an operations manual section Workshops processes was issued. business aligned with new

projects. delivered An institution-wide plan was approved to Fifty-one projects with environmental Fifty-one projects with environmental The Water Financing Program 2006–2010 Financing Program Water The ing the $10.0 billion target. Approvals for water Approvals for target. ing the $10.0 billion ADB strengthened collaboration with development Environment. Environment. ENVIRONMENT, CLIMATE CLIMATE ENVIRONMENT, CHANGE, AND SAFEGUARDS as a theme and totaling about $5 billion sustainability increase over 2009 were approved—representing a 55% 1995. Environ- in terms of projects, and the highest since the proportion of mental lending in 2010 pushed up supporting environmental sustainability to 37% projects for a 3-year target ADB’s from 2008 to 2010, exceeding More than 63 tech- rolling average of 25% in 2010–2012. $79 million, and nical assistance projects totaling about 19 grants totaling nearly $188 million, were approved with environmental sustainability as a theme. Climate change. help developing member countries address climate change. &' ment; encouraging sustainable transport and urban develop ' promoting climate-resilient development; and strengthening related policies, governance, and capacity. partners in mobilizing additional resources for climate actions, such as through the Climate Investment Funds and million $10 A Financing Partnership Facility. Clean Energy own Climate Change Fund was ADB’s replenishment of Adaptation ADB was formally accredited by the approved. Water. $11.44 billion in investments as of the end of 2010, of the end of 2010, in investments as billion $11.44 exceed Financing Water The $2.32 billion. loans in 2010 totaled the which was established to support Partnership Facility, continued to Financing Program implementation, Water Financing Water The the year. provide resources during beyond 2010, guided by priorities Program will continue 2011–2020, Operational Framework Water set out in the support Increased is expected in 2011. for which approval wastewater management remained a for sanitation and Republic of China, with loans to the People’s priority, others. Support for Indonesia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka, among was boosted with climate change adaptation in the sector the approval of two regional technical assistance SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS 34 ]] were approved,againsta$2billiontarget. The Investment cal assistanceprojectsforfoodsecurityof$2.2billion Agriculture andfoodsecurity. learning productsforPPP practitioners. Bank, and World BankInstitute,continuedtodevelop joint initiativeof ADB, Inter-American Development Capacity Development(MP3IC)Programpartners,a Multilateral Public–PrivatePartnershipforInfrastructure prepared forwhichapprovalisexpectedin2011. The was established,andaPPP OperationalPlanwasbeing aua eore 435 . 639 5.4 613.9 3.4 443.5 NaturalResources Agriculture and ilo % ilo % $million % $million 11.7 114.8 14.5 133.9 Finance – Energy 87.2 Education 136.3 NaturalResources Agriculture and 2009 Grants – 9.4 14.8 % $ million 70.00.6 % 85.00.6 $million 2010 23.0 17.1 211.2 Education 2.3 2009 Loans 1.7 21.5 ($ million) Table 1a 2010 nutyadTae – – – 47.5 466.5 2.2 21.6 – 34.3 3.0 Note: Totals maynotadd upbecauseofrounding. 316.8 29.0 – =nil,ICTInformationandcommunication technology. 11.1 – 102.6 4.0 Total 924.0 6.0 39.0 55.0 Multisector 72.3 InfrastructureandServices 2.2 Water SupplyandOtherMunicipal 20.0 Transport andICT Public SectorManagement Industry andTrade Health andSocialProtection 7.8 100.0 59.5 981.7 21.4 2,454.0 16.0 2,120.9 6.1 100.0 Energy Finance 510.0 3.9 1,263.4 11.0 elhadSca rtcin 31 . 170 1.5 177.0 0.7 93.1 Health andSocialProtection nutyadTae 0. 08 – – 0.8 101.0 Industry andTrade ulcSco aaeet ,0. 4. 845 7.8 894.5 40.2 5,306.4 Public SectorManagement rnpr n C 2385 77 ,3. 33.4 3,831.1 17.7 2,338.5 Transport andICT nrsrcueadSrie 885 . 670 5.3 607.0 Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. 6.1 – =nil,ICTInformationandcommunicationtechnology. 808.5 Multisector 1,409.0 InfrastructureandServices Water SupplyandOtherMunicipal 10.7 1,551.4 13.5 Total 13,215.9 100.0 11,462.3 100.0 Asian DevelopmentBank Sovereign andNonsovereignOperationsbySector, 2009–2010 Investmentsandtechni- Note: Totals maynotadd upbecauseofrounding. assistance. – =nil,ICTInformationandcommunication technology, TA = Total 203.0 100.0 175.5 100.0 nrsrcueadSrie 87 . 88 5.0 8.8 4.3 8.7 Multisector 37.3 InfrastructureandServices Water SupplyandOtherMunicipal 18.4 42.6 24.3 rnpr n C 2. 1. 1. 10.5 18.4 14.2 28.7 Transport andICT nutyadTae . 19 . 2.6 4.6 24.5 1.9 43.0 2.0 3.9 3.4 21.8 44.2 3.2 6.5 Public SectorManagement Industry andTrade Health andSocialProtection Finance 21.7 10.7 Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. – =nil,ICTInformationandcommunicationtechnology. Total 220.0 11.7 100.0 6.7 243.0 100.0 An integrated disaster risk management framework was An integrateddisasterriskmanagementframeworkwas Emergency assistanceanddisaster riskmanagement. volatility intheglobalfoodmarket. in technicaldiscussionsonactionstoaddressincreasing with othermultilateraldevelopmentbanks, ADB engaged Asia throughitssupportfor ASEAN+3. Incoordination rice tradingandestablishanemergency ricereservein of theUnitedNations. ADB ledtheinitiativetoexpand Development, andtheFood Agriculture Organization among ADB, theInternationalFundfor Agricultural in regionalandcountrypartnershipstowardfood Energy 26.5 Education 4.8 – – – 12.3 – 2009 – 30.0 – TA Grants – – – – – 13.1 2.4 – – – – % – $million – Multisector – % InfrastructureandServices $million – 2010 Water SupplyandOtherMunicipal Transport andICT Public SectorManagement 3.6 17.5 Industry andTrade Health andSocialProtection Finance 140.0 – Energy 80.0 2009 9.9 Equity Investments – 63.6 36.4 2.0 – 2010 165.0 48.0 67.9 19.8 ilo % ilo % $million % 12.5 $million 21.9 10.2 20.7 NaturalResources Agriculture and – – – – Education – NaturalResources Agriculture and – – – technical security SECTOR AND THEMATIC HIGHLIGHTS

35 technical Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Agriculture and Natural Resources 12.2 19.0 23.7 $ million 15.7 % $ million % Education 1.1 1.7 51.7 34.2 13.5 4.6 20.4 51.7 7.0 12.2 2010 13.2 1.7 4.9 18.4 Cofinancing TA 2009 1.1 Education 8.5 Energy 23.3 3.1 Finance Health and Social Protection Industry and Trade Public Sector Management and ICT Transport 0.1 Supply and Other Municipal Water Infrastructure and Services 0.2 Multisector 14.9 8.6 13.5 0.3 1.1 0.2 9.7 1.7 6.3 15.2 4.6 4.2 3.2 12.7 7.2 2.1 8.4 7.3 4.8 Information and communication technology (ICT). /6{==* applications for building infrastructure and integrating ICT into projects to improve public services and government administration, and introduce disaster warning systems for /6 connections and telecommunications infrastructure to increase rural access. Total 64.0 100.0 151.0 100.0 151.0 100.0 64.0 Total = TA – = nil, ICT = Information and communication technology, assistance. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals Agriculture and Natural Resources 28.7 0.9 50.0 $ million % 1.5 $ million % Education – – – – 30.4 – 1,021.6 – – 2010 – 13.3 – Loan Cofinancing 2009 Education – Energy 421.2 Finance – Health and Social Protection Industry and Trade Public Sector Management 30.0 Supply and Other Municipal Water 0.9 Infrastructure and Services 316.0 10.0 – 100.0 32.7 – – = nil, ICT = Information and communication technology. 3.0 – may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals 1.0 – 157.0 4.7 – – Total 3,164.2 100.0 3,360.3 100.0 – 3,360.3 – 100.0 0.5 and ICT Transport Multisector 15.0 3,164.2 Total 2,320.6 73.3 2,031.8 60.5

million), Sovereign and Nonsovereign Operations by Sector, 2009–2010 Operations by Sector, and Nonsovereign Sovereign Agriculture and Natural Resources 40.7 21.5 25.7 $ million 16.3 % $ million % Education 37.4 19.7 3.0 1.9 3.0 2010 19.7 Grant Cofinancing 2009 37.4 Education Table 1b Table ($ million) Energy 8.1 4.3 5.0 3.2 5.4 5.0 8.5 4.3 1.8 8.1 Energy 3.5 Finance Health and Social Protection 15.0 7.9 3.0 1.9 Multisector 39.1 20.6 27.2 17.3 27.2 20.6 Industry and Trade Public Sector Management and ICT Transport Multisector 39.1 2.0 1.1 1.6 0.8 34.4 8.8 18.2 5.6 3.0 73.2 1.9 46.5 Total 189.5 100.0 157.3 100.0 157.3 100.0 189.5 Total – = nil, ICT = Information and communication technology. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals Water Supply and Other Municipal Water Infrastructure and Services 7.8 4.1 – – Education – – – – – – Agriculture and Natural Resources Education – – – – – Finance – – 500.0 50.9 49.1 482.3 500.0 – 2010 100.0 – – Guarantees 2009 Energy 325.0 – Finance – Health and Social Protection Industry and Trade Public Sector Management and ICT Transport Supply and Other Municipal Water – $ million Infrastructure and Services % Multisector – – $ million – % – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Total 325.0 100.0 982.3 100.0 982.3 100.0 325.0 Total – = nil, ICT = Information and communication technology. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals devised to protect development gains, particularly for poor regional inventory of A and vulnerable urban communities. hosted risk data and a disaster risk reduction projects portal, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center and the UN by the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, was developed. /- ter Response Fund was provided to Indonesia ($3 Mongolia ($2.5 million), and Pakistan ($3 million). CHAPTER 6 FINANCING OPERATIONS

In 2010, ADB raised $14.9 billion in medium- and long-term funds, with public bond offerings and private placements amounting to $10.7 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively. ADB also issued thematic bonds for the first time. Financing operations totaled $17.51 billion, of which $13.84 billion was financed by ADB and Special Funds and $3.67 billion came from cofinancing partners. There was an overall net transfer of $3.7 billion from ADB to its developing member countries. FINANCING OPERATIONS

37 c

a Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Approvals by Financing Source, 2009–2010 by Financing Source, Approvals 13 15 b Eighty-eight percent of total OCR operations are in the Eighty-eight percent of total OCR operations # Technical Assistance Special Fund (TASF) (TASF) Special Fund Assistance Technical 137 147 – = nil. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals a 2010 TFP transactions were conducted subject to the 2009 Board approval. b grants. Includes both investment and policy-based c Includes the reimbursable technical assistance for Brunei Darussalam. Grants Assistance Grants Technical 64 151 Grants Grants Funds Other Special 911 79 967 43 Guarantees Guarantees Equity Investments Finance Program (TFP) Trade 850 325 220 – 982 243 Loans and Grants 3,354 3,518 Loans Loans 2,210 2,213 Ordinary Capital Resources Ordinary Capital Resources Loans 12,401 10,475 11,006 9,250 Subtotal Subtotal Cofinancing 15,738 3,418 13,845 3,669 (ADF) Asian Development Fund 3,122 3,180 Assistance Grants Technical 66 28 TOTAL TOTAL 19,156 17,513 Table 2 Table ($ million) Resources Special Funds 3,337 3,370 Facility (CSF) of $2.5 billion to alleviate the impact of theFacility (CSF) of $2.5 billion to alleviate /Z accounted for form of loans. Loans and grants combined and the Special Funds ADB’s 95% of total assistance from ADB operations. accounted for 21% of total # # @ billion), Republic of China ($1.95 billion), the People’s ($2.40 6 ?> Nam ($1.25 billion), and Pakistan ($1.09 billion). Viet & except for the ranking that changes as follows: the same Republic of China India ($2.38 billion), the People’s Nam Viet Bangladesh ($1.25 billion), ($1.61 billion), ($1.10 billion), and Pakistan ($904 million). 2009 2010 In 2010, ADB also issued thematic bonds for the ﬁrst time

uthorized and subscribed capital stock amounted stock amounted and subscribed capital uthorized billion, respectively. billion and $143.9 to $163.8 ordinary capital resources Other resources in

Resources in the form contributions of and revenue assistance. The difference in 2010 operations compared to The difference assistance. 2009 is partly due to the 2009 Countercyclical Support In 2010, ADB’s operations totaled $17.51 billion, of ADB’s In 2010, ?=@ /6] ? billion in The $13.84 billion consists of (i) $11.46 == ?>@[million in 40 grant projects, (iv) $982.3 million (iii) $981.7 in 5 guarantees, and (v) $175.5 million in 243 technical OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS

BORROWINGS long-term funds ADB raised $14.9 billion in medium- and placements. Public through public bond issues and private billion amounted to $10.7 billion, of which $5.5 offerings benchmarks. was raised through two US dollar global ADB Private placements totaled $4.2 billion. In 2010, Bonds and $244 million through Water million in $638 ADB bond, Bonds. For its local currency Energy Clean bond launched its inaugural CNY1.2 billion Global CNY in Hong Kong, China. A (OCR) in the form of revenue and net realized gains of revenue and net realized gains (OCR) in the form billion, $0.7 billion of which was amounted to $1.2 loan portfolio, $401.3 million from generated from the and $140.4the investment portfolio, sources. investment and other Special Funds totaled in ADB’s during about 2010 billion. These$0.6 included the Fund Asian Development billion, Assistance $0.5 Technical of (ADF) Special Fund million, $43.5 Japan million, Specialof $0.4 Fund of million,ADB Asian Institute Special$17.5 Fund of #]?[=<<] million, Regional Cooperation $1.4 andof Integration Fund million, million, Climate Change Fund $10.2 $10.1 of of /Y]?[= FINANCING OPERATIONS 38 C AF ADBSpecialFunds ADF OCR Guarantees Loans Equity IncludesreimbursabletechnicalassistanceforBruneiDarussalam. a Other DMCs itNm 1. – 500 83 – 4. 28 1,246.5 2.8 145.4 – – 8.3 – 0.7100.0 6.1 708.0 580.0 – 1.2 – – – – 265.0 – – 2.4 600.0 – –300.0 – – – 957.4 510.0 Regional – 390.0 – Georgia 338.0 Kazakhstan 606.0 Philippines Indonesia 785.0 Uzbekistan Pakistan 378.8 250.0 – – Viet Nam – – – – 225.0 250.0 – 85.0 – – – – – – 270.0 0.7 – 1.0 1.7 – – 64.3 – 3.0 – 2.2 68.0 – 2.6 – 3.0 – 54.8 21.2 170.0 – 674.7 55.3 3.0 1.7 190.0 901.6 596.4 48.1 – 1,094.0 611.6 hn,Pol’ eulco 1575 1. – 1. 60 322 . 1,947.9 2.9 332.2 – 6.0 19.3 – – 10.0 – 1,577.5 China, People’s Republicof India 2,119.6 Bangladesh 800.0 – 250.0 – – 449.0 – – – 5.4 – 10.6 – – 1,710.9 – 2.2 6.0 2,967.5 9.1 2,395.2 Total 9,249.7 982.3 243.0 Loans OCR 2,212.6 ($ Table 3 ADF million) Guarantees 967.2 Other Special Equity Investments 147.1 14.5 Loans Funds 28.4 Grants 3,517.6 Cofinancing TASF 151.0 Grants 17,513.4 TA Grants Project TA Total IncludesreimbursabletechnicalassistanceforBruneiDarussalam. a – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, DMC=developingmembercountry, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources,TA =technicalassist ($ million) Table 4 ni 2196 5. – – 06 – 2,380.1 – – 10.6 – – – 250.0 2,119.6 India oa ,4. 923 4. 2226 6. 171 45 84 13,844.8 28.4 14.5 147.1 967.2 2,212.6 243.0 982.3 9,249.7 Total hn,Pol’ eulco ,7. – 00 – 93 . – 1,612.8 – 6.0 19.3 – – 10.0 – 1,577.5 China, People’s Republicof agaeh 800 – 4. – . – 1,254.4 – – 5.4 – 449.0 – – 800.0 Bangladesh itNm 500 – 8. – . – 1,098.3 – – 8.3 – 580.0 – – 510.0 Viet Nam aitn 388 5. – 7. – . 30 904.0 – 3.0 2.2 – 270.0 – 250.0 378.8 Pakistan noei 8. – – 10 . 26 791.6 2.6 3.0 1.0 – – – – 785.0 Indonesia zeitn 300 – 6. – . – 657.4 – – 2.4 – 265.0 – – 390.0 Uzbekistan aahtn 660 – – . – 606.7 – – 0.7 – – – – 606.0 Kazakhstan hlpie 0. – – 12 07 601.9 0.7 – 1.2 – – – – 600.0 Philippines hiad 543 – – . – 506.6 – – 2.3 – – – – 504.3 Thailand einl 200 2. – 6. – 12 560.5 21.2 – 64.3 – – 225.0 250.0 – Regional Other DMCs – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, DMC=developingmembercountry, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources,TA =technicalassist Asian DevelopmentBank Top RecipientsbyApprovalIncludingCofinancing,2010 Top RecipientsbyApprovalExcludingCofinancing,2010 a a 1,144.8 232.3 8.0 563.6 967.2 30.3 2.5 3.9 437.4 22.9 3,412.9 985 3. 80 4. 972 97 . 39 2,870.7 3.9 2.5 29.7 967.2 648.6 8.0 232.3 978.5 Ivsmns on Gat AF rn T Total TA Grant TASF Grants Loans Investments ADB SpecialFunds

ance, TASF =Technical AssistanceSpecialFund. ance, TASF =Technical AssistanceSpecialFund. FINANCING OPERATIONS 39 a b 64 151 2009 2010 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Sovereign and Nonsovereign Approvals, Sovereign and Nonsovereign Approvals, Loans and Grants Assistance Technical Grants 2,957 3,006 SyndicationsLoans and Grants 120 276 192 320 LoansGrantsGuarantees AssistanceTechnical Cofinancing 12,778 203Loans 325 924Equity Investments Finance Program (TFP)Trade 10,410 175 432 982 850 220 438 – 243 1,053 GuaranteesCofinancing – 550 Sovereign 17,251 15,156 Total 19,156 17,513 Nonsovereign 1,904 2,358 – = nil. a technical assistance for Brunei Darussalam. Includes reimbursable b were conducted subject to the 2009 Board approval. 2010 TFP transactions Table 5 Table 2009–2010 ($ million) SOVEREIGN AND NONSOVEREIGN APPROVALS Sovereign approvals amounted to $15.16 billion in 2010, a decrease of $2.10 billion (12%) from 2009. On the other hand, nonsovereign approvals rose by $454 million (24%) to a more than doubling in lending to the private due largely sector and an increase in guarantee approvals. This Cambodia Power Transmission Lines (CPTL) Project benefited from a $7 million private sector loan Lines (CPTL) Project benefited from a $7 million private Transmission This Cambodia Power FINANCING OPERATIONS 40 $1.6 billion(76%). ?>==/6 went toguaranteesforthenonsovereignpublicsector. Of and commercialloans. The remaining$250million (11%) $2.11 billion(89%)wenttotheprivatesectorinform Of the$2.36billionnonsovereignapprovalsin2010, NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS for technicalassistance. was forpolicy-basedsupport,and$327million(2%) (89%) wasforinvestmentsupport,$1.68billion(10%) Of the$17.51billionapprovedin2010,$15.50 INCLUDING COFINANCING APPROVALS BYMODALITY for investment support $15.50 billion(89%) was approved in2010, Of the$17.51billion Referstoprograms. b Referstootherspecialfundsandcofinancingforloansgrants. a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources. ($ million) Table 6 AF2172,611 9,462 2,127 7,297 15,504 12,444 Other ADF 2010 OCR Investment Support 2009 D – 17,513 – 19,156 – 2,500 327 – 267 Total Technical andAdvisorySupport 2,500 ADF OCR (Countercyclical SupportFacility) Other BudgetSupport Policy-Based Support AF95568 1,013 995 2,604 ADF OCR Other Asian DevelopmentBank a a Approvals byModality, 2009–2010 b ,4 1,683 3,945 ,2 3,430 3,020 4 103 346

te Ms 2 0.5 62 Total 12,799 Other DMCs 100.0 au e una 5 0.2 25 2.2 2.2 280 0.8 280 100 Regional 2,350 Papua NewGuinea Armenia 40 Nepal 59 Azerbaijan 93 Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic Georgia 113 Afghanistan 206 Bangladesh 242 Viet Nam Sri Lanka 18.4 Kazakhstan 375 Thailand 525 0.3 Philippines 768 Pakistan 908 0.7 0.5 Indonesia 1,219 1.6 0.9 1.9 2.9 4.1 6.0 9.5 7.1 India 2,379 18.6 Netoffacilitiescanceledinfullbeforesigning. b Regionaloperationsdepartmentsstartednonsovereignin2007. a IncludesnonsovereignprojectsprocessedbythePrivateSectorOperations DMC =developingmembercountry. 21.7 2,775 China, People’s Republicof $ by Top Countries,1983–2010 Table 8 million % ($ million) a – =nil. ($ million) Table 7 oa ,0 2,358 1,904 Total rvt ,1 2,108 1,714 Private 20 2010 Public 2009 Department andvariousregionaloperationsdepartmentsofADB. 50% oftheircapitalheldpublicly). that aremajorityownedbypublicparties(definedasentitieswithmorethan Refers tononsovereignloans,syndications,andguaranteesorforenterprises urnes–300 – Guarantees on n rns10192 320 120 220 – 243 LoansandGrants 220 850 Syndications Cofinancing Trade FinanceProgram Equity Investments urnes–250 – Guarantees on 0 1,053 304 Loans on 3 – – 134 56 Cofinancing (Syndications) Loans a Cumulative NonsovereignOperations Nonsovereign Approvals,2009–2010 9 250 191 a, b

FINANCING OPERATIONS 41 and 1

b c 112 – 2,850.30 – to existing trust funds. to existing trust funds. 2

Annual Report 2010 Report Annual – 190.00 190.00 – 320.00 320.00 –3 3 –1 1 million for the Future Carbon Fund from partners from Carbon Fund million for the Future e Facilitation Fund under the Regional Cooperation and Fund e Facilitation Sweden for the Cooperation Fund for Fighting HIV/AIDS Sweden for the Cooperation Fund World Bank as trustee for the Climate Investment Fund. Bank as trustee for the Climate Investment Fund. World und; $2.0 million from Luxembourg for the Financial Sector .8 million from Japan for the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction, for Poverty .8 million from Japan for the Japan Fund

*" 2009–2010 2009–2010

a a , , $106.9 million in replenishments resources in the form of grant contributions from external contributions from in the form of grant resources totaled $147.4 million in 2010, partners to trust funds contributions ing $40.5 million in new compris Trust funds are key instruments to mobilize and channel are key instruments to mobilize and funds Trust resources own ADB’s to complement investment projects & 86 112 – 189.50 155.35 2.00 157.35 – 2,768.00 2,850.30 – 2009 2010 2009 2010

– 120.00 120.00 –3 3 –1 1 Sovereign Nonsovereign Total Sovereign Nonsovereign Total Sovereign Nonsovereign Total Sovereign Nonsovereign Total

) b Direct Value-Added Cofinancing Arrangements Direct Value-Added Direct Value-Added Cofinancing Arrangements Direct Value-Added Commercial – 396.20 396.20 – 510.00 510.00 Technical Assistance CofinancingTechnical 64.00 – 64.00 150.25 – 150.25 Grants Syndications Loans 189.51 276.20 276.20 Loans2,768.00 Official Loans Syndications 47 10 – – 47 10 38 19 1 – 39 19 Loans Official 2,957.48 – 2,957.48 3,005.65 2.00 3,007.65 Technical Assistance CofinancingTechnical 86 Total DVA Cofinancing DVA Total 133 4 137 150 5 155 Total DVA Cofinancing DVA Total 3,021.48 396.20 3,417.68 3,306.14 512.00 3,667.89 Project Cofinancing Grants Commercial 47 4 39 – 51 – 4 39 4 38 5 22 – 43 1 4 23 4 Project Cofinancing 2,957.48 396.20 3,353.68 3,155.89 512.00 3,517.65 (number of projects ($ million) – = nil, DVA = direct value-added. – = nil, DVA may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals a Cofinancing under administrative or collaborative arrangements with ADB. b more than one source of cofinancing is counted once. A project with c technical assistance for Brunei Darussalam. Excludes reimbursable Table 9b Table – = nil, DVA = direct value-added. – = nil, DVA may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals a Cofinancing under administrative or collaborative arrangements with ADB. b Excludes reimbursable technical assistance for Brunei Darussalam. Table 9a Table the private sector, namely, POSCO (Republic of Korea) and Eneco Energy Trade B.V. (The Netherlands); and $4.7 million from the B.V. and Eneco Energy Trade POSCO (Republic of Korea) namely, the private sector, Japan Scholarship Program, Asian Clean Energy Fund under the Clean Energy Financing Partnership Facility, and Investment Climat Facility, under the Clean Energy Financing Partnership Japan Scholarship Program, Asian Clean Energy Fund F for the e-Asia and Knowledge Partnership $6.37 million from the Republic of Korea Facility; Integration Financing Partnership Assistance; and $5.12 million from for Technical $0.7 million from Spain for its Cooperation Fund Fund; Development Partnership in Asia and the Pacific. $35.0 Development Cooperation Fund; New contributions amounting to $0.8 million were provided by Australia to the Gender and $84 Facility; Region Infrastructure by the following: $8.0 million from Australia for the Pacific Replenishments were provided 1 2 # " / - assistance projects amounted to ment and technical An addi- 9a and 9b). billion for 155 projects (Tables $3.67 ?"/ ADB-assisted form of parallel loans for 11 realized in the */6* Annexes 7 and 27. in Statistical COFINANCING OPERATIONS OPERATIONS COFINANCING FINANCING OPERATIONS 42 3 ments standardized, project-specificcofinancingagreement /6R operations pipeline offuture coﬁnancing aims toeffectively create a its coﬁnancingpartners,ADB framework agreements with Through theestablishmentof such aprogrammaticapproachgives predictability /6- stages. Through theestablishment offrameworkagree- upstream initsoperations,includingearlyandregular in Afghanistan. Infrastructure Trust Fundtosupportinfrastructureprojects development. In2010, ADB establishedthe Afghanistan gender anddevelopment,goodgovernance,cleanenergy, nical assistance on Strengthening Capacity of DMCs for nical assistanceonStrengtheningCapacityofDMCsfor efforts in2010undertheregionalcapacitybuildingtech- ing products, ADB continueditsknowledgemanagement nomic GrowthandEnvironmentPreservation(GREEN). new initiative:theGlobal Action forReconcilingEco- Z>[=[6R Japan BankforInternationalCooperation(JBIC)was memorandum ofunderstandingbetween ADB andthe based activities.Inadditiontoframeworkagreements,a private sector, alongwith newresearchandknowledge- < to provideassistancefordevelopmentprojectsthrough ]< Développement (AFD)PartnershipFramework Agreement 3 years.InMarch2010,the ADB–Agence Françaisede for sovereignandnonsovereignoperationswithinthenext AcceleratedCofinancingScheme withADBunderJapanInternationalCooperation Agency, Japan; AgenceFrançaise deDéveloppement Import BankofKorea; IslamicDevelopmentBank; Korea DevelopmentBank;and theRepublicofKorea’s Ministry ofStrategyandFi - < # /6 /R- /6R # 3 signedwith ADB foraprogramofupto$9.6billion Asian DevelopmentBank RESOURCE TRANSFERS $3.7 billionfrom ADB toitsdevelopingmember countries, During theyear, there wasanoverallnettransferof on the underlying transaction risk and risk pricing. on theunderlyingtransactionriskandpricing. credit riskassessmentsandtogainacommonunderstanding aimed athelpingthe AEBs totakeaharmonized approachto Forum trainingprogramonriskmanagement. This was In addition, ADB facilitatedthe Asian EXIMBanks(AEB) cies, export–importbanks,andprivateinsurancecompanies. other multilateraldevelopmentbanks,exportcreditagen- and availabilityofcreditenhancementproductsfrom ADB, cials. These workshopsintroduced theparticipantstouse @[[- have beenconductedineightdevelopingmembercountries, Managing CreditEnhancementProducts.Nineworkshops net resourcetransfersof$2.9billion($4.9 billion in2009) X Sboa 42 460 482 Total 6,471 Subtotal 3,736 D rn ibreet 37 358 347 ADBOtherSpecialFunds Grants ADFGrantDisbursements 2010 2009 5,944 7,898 Principal Loan Repayments OCR Disbursements Loan andEquityInvestments ($ Member Countries Table 10 million) ADBOtherSpecialFunds grants includesgrantsprovidedfromtheAsian c Grants includebothinvestmentsandpolicy-based grants. b Includesprepaymentsof$33.5million($6.7in2009). a Nt ,9 379 3,276 1,095 5,989 (286) (261) Grants Subtotal (766) Payments ofInterest/Charges Net (1,126) Payments ofInterest/Charges Nt ,9 2,897 4,894 63 13 1,571 2,201 Principal Loan Repayments ADF Disbursements NetEquityInvestment Net Development Fund, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources. ( )=resourceinflowfromdevelopingmembercountries,ADFAsian excludes grantsprovidedfromthetrustfunds. Fund, ClimateChangeFund, andAsiaPacific DisasterResponse Fund, but Tsunami Fund, Pakistan EarthquakeFund, Regional CooperationandIntegration b Resource Transfers toDeveloping a a (845) (906) (1,891) (2,344) nance. , France; Export–ImportBankofChina;Export– c 135 102

FINANCING OPERATIONS 43 billion) billion) Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Grant disbursements totaled $0.5 billion, of which Grant disbursements MULTITRANCHE FINANCING MULTITRANCHE (MFF) AND TRANCHE FACILITY APPROVALS billion and 28 tranches total- MFFs totaling $4.44 Twelve compared with ing $4.05 billion were approved in 2010, billion) ($3.57 12 MFFs ($6.19 billion) and 23 tranches This represents a decrease of 28% ($1.75 in 2009. ($478 million) for MFFs and an increase of 13% for tranches. disbursements were $5.9 billion (79%) and ADF loan ADF loan (79%) and were $5.9 billion disbursements Loan $1.6 billion (21%). amounted to disbursements $4.3 billion in 2010, compared service payments totaled 2009. with $4.1 billion in ADF and $0.1 billion was from the $0.4 billion (78%) Other Special Funds. ADB’s (22%) was from People’s People’s countries, Loan disbursements totaled $7.5 billion, compared Loan disbursements Republic of China, Viet Nam, and Pakistan. Viet Republic of China, in 2009. Of that total, OCR loan with $10.1 billion went to OCR borrowers and/or investors, $0.4 billion investors, $0.4 borrowers and/or went to OCR and borrowers, ADF to in 2009) went ($1.1 billion bil- billion in 2009) and $0.1 billion ($0.1 billion ($0.4 $0.4 grants and other ADF provided from lion in 2009) were with The four countries respectively. ADB Special Funds, were India, the net resource transfers the largest During the year, there was there year, During the ofan overall net transfer ADB to its $3.7 billion from developing member including loans, equity investments, and grants CHAPTER 7

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, CENTRAL AND Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan, WEST ASIA Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Improved connectivity through investments in transport and logistics, energy security and efﬁciency, upgraded urban services, and public sector reforms are at the heart of the ADB strategy in the subregion. More than $1.2 billion has been directed at energy supply and transmission, with the same amount for transport infrastructure. The Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Program reached major milestones in 2010. CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA

45 Uzbekistan. approved subre- tation bodies were Annual Report 2010 Report Annual and transmission, including $442 million underand transmission, including for energy efficiency inmultitranche financing $350 million for the Talimarjan and Pakistan, Project in Uzbekistan Power for transportAbout $1.3 billion provided under multitrancheinfrastructure, mostly a $340 million regional roadfinancing, including and $456 million forproject in Afghanistan, and $115 millionCAREC corridors in Kazakhstan in Uzbekistan stocktaking of CARECPresentation of a 10-year Program achievements to the Ninth CAREC asMinisterial Conference, which will serve the basis for refining the program’s strategic directions for the next 10 years loans, 4 grants, and 32 technical assistance billion,projects closed; contract awards were $1.6 while disbursements reached $1.5 billion HIGHLIGHTS supply invested in energy More than $1.2 billion with 26 sovereign Improved portfolio quality, Knowledge management activities informed and supported Analytical work on and operations. strategies ADB’s strengthening of competitiveness and on structural transformation that began in Pakistan was extended to regional technical assistance A Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. construction of was approved to bring innovation to the " < KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ADB and its partners—including the European Bank forADB and its partners—including the the IslamicReconstruction and Development (EBRD), Development Bank, and the World Bank— World Development Bank, and the These projects worth $2 billion. gional transport and energy Oblast Section) incovered the CAREC Corridor (Zhambyl Project in Power Talimarjan Kazakhstan and the Republic Kyrgyz Under an agreement signed by the facilitate the cross-border in December to Tajikistan and of goods and people, trade facili transport established, including the CAREC Federation of Carrier At their ninth conference held Association. and Forwarder ministers CAREC in Cebu, Philippines, in November, discussed possible strategic directions for subregional Turkmenistan cooperation in the next decade. Pakistan and joined CAREC, bringing membership to 10 countries.

ocus and selectivity characterize ADB’s strategy ADB’s selectivity characterize ocus and investments targets This Asia. West in Central and security and logistics, energy in transport and

tives, and the opening up of access to credit for people tives, and the opening # grants to the public sector new lending and Total REGIONAL COOPERATION Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) The Central >[=[ #/6 to effectiveto improve, mainly due to renewed commitment * O<P for transactions in need of restructuring or at risk. Project & advance actions on procurement and safeguards also help. ities, ADB continues to use programmatic funding modal 6up-front analytical work and a sharper focus on project sectors. different partnerships across and longer-term PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT F OVERVIEW - sector ADB is also active in private ment and reforms. including reforms, public–private development work, initia for building infrastructure. and businesses and project on planning, technical assistance, to train client staff ADB has a strong management, monitoring, and reporting. and integration,operational emphasis on regional cooperation and climate change mitigation. environmental sustainability, ?>>[=[\ compared from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and the Caucasus, approvals in 2009. with $2.6 billion of lending and grant and disburse- Contract awards reached $1.6 billion ?={ million, from zero in 2009. $350 CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 46 *< #]` the ADB-managedAfghanistan approved system. ADB /6R 2013 countrypartnershipstrategy focuses onsolvingoneof covers mainlytransport,energy, andirrigation. The 2009– order tocontinuesupportingtheassistanceprogram,which Fund countryallocationto Afghanistan in2011 and2012in planned phaseoutoftheexceptional Asian Development The BoardofDirectorsagreedtotemporarilysuspendthe ingly implement themthroughthecountry’s ownsystems. behind Afghanistan-led priorityprograms,andtoincreas- / conferences in2010London(January)andKabul the Afghanistan-owned developmentagendaendorsedat Partnership priorities. Afghanistan COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS economic cooperationintheCARECregion. continued toserveasaknowledgeandinformationhubon and skillsforpromotingregionalcooperation.Itswebsite ity buildingandresearchprogramstoenhanceknowledge frameworks foranalyzingeconomiesintheregion. performance assessments,andagreeonsystematic share lessonsonkeyknowledgeproductssuchascountry to debateimportantregionaleconomicdevelopments, Almaty, Kazakhstan,broughttogetherCWRDeconomists < operationalized toprojectkeyeconomicvariablesand in aleadrole. A macroeconomicmodelforPakistanwas on theregion’s economiescontinuedwithresidentmissions effectiveness briefs.Regular monitoringofandreporting those onclimatechangeandthecountrydevelopment to investinarangeofknowledgeproducts,including Central and West Asia Department(CWRD)continued country partnershipstrategywasalsoapproved. The prepare backgroundanalyticalassessmentsforanew new welfareimprovementstrategyinUzbekistanand infrastructure sectors. Technical assistancetosupporta #Y- Asian DevelopmentBank R< ADB is strongly committed to ADB isstronglycommittedto will createsecurity and,ultimately, jobsand OP# Central Asia, South Asia, andtheMiddleEast. Afghanistan meantime, CARECispromoting regionaltradebetween connectivity. The samegoesforenergy security. Inthe Program continuestounderpininvestmentin It willbecomeoperationalinearly2011. The CAREC Afghanistan borderwithUzbekistantoMazar-e-Sharif. \ 75-kilometer (km)railwaylinefromHairatanonthe /6 / ereign loanandgrantprojectsforatotal$2.01 partner ininfrastructure.Itsportfolioconsistsof19sov- Impact ofoperations. commercial banklendinginruralareas. Helmand, andtechnicalassistanceisplannedtoincrease Kabul. ADB alsoadvancedthepreparationofprojectsin line from Tajikistan andextendingdistributioninaround and Jalalabad.Inenergy, ADB iscompletingatransmission advanced thepreparationofaroadprojectbetweenKabul is alsocompletingworkonanorth–southcorridorandhas >[==/6 Y Y /6" Environment. and West Asia Progress oftheMDGsinCentral which isimportantforgender-sensitive planning. data collectionofnationalstatisticsoffices, technical assistanceimprovedsex-disaggregated in developmentanddecisionmaking.ADB’s jobs forwomenandimprovetheirparticipation mainstreaming genderinprojectstocreate countries movetowardgenderequalityby Gender. ecosystem protectionandmanagement. management componentsthatwillimprove internationally recognizednaturalresource Aktau–Beyneu RoadProject(Kazakhstan)include Sanitation Project(Kyrgyz Republic)andthe Road ProjectandIssykKul Water Supplyand will improvewaterquality. TheBishkek–Torugart (Pakistan) advancedrecyclingandwastedisposal reduce carbonemissions.TheSindhCitiesProject (Azerbaijan) willimproveenergyefficiencyand (Uzbekistan), andtheJanubPower Project efficiency (Pakistan), theTalimarjan Power Project multitranche financingfacilityforenergy ADB helped its developing member ADB helpeditsdevelopingmember The first tranche under the The firsttrancheunderthe ADB isthelargest development development. transport billion.

CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 47 Grants at Risk Loans at Risk a a, b Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB prepared an $80 million ADB prepared an $80 million ic Disaster Response Fund (APDRF). ic Disaster Response Fund ADB focused on transport, energy, ADB focused on transport, energy, Disbursements Disbursements a a, b Partnership priorities. master plan was drawn up to improve A and urban services. <tranche under a $600 million facility for a water supply and # sanitation project was implemented. Azerbaijan Impact of operations. crisis recovery loan in 2009 to help the government maintain its core public expenditure program, particularly its social safety-net needs. 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2010 2009 2009 2010 Ongoing Loans Ongoing Grants (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) ADB focuses on transport, infra- 2009–2010 a Central and West Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Grants from ADF and Special Funds from ADF and Special Funds Indicators for Grants Performance Asia: Portfolio Central and West Central and West Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Sovereign Lending, 2009–2010 for Sovereign Lending, Indicators Performance Portfolio Asia: West Central and Total 33 74.5 271.7 225.0 126.4 15.2 9.7 50.0 – 15.2 – 16.7 – 126.4 15.9 44.2 – 22.3 225.0 12.2 4.4 46.2 271.7 – Afghanistan 0.6 Armenia 17.2 Azerbaijan Georgia 74.5 – Kazakhstan Republic Kyrgyz 2 Pakistan 6 Tajikistan Uzbekistan – 14 33 Total – – – – 194.4 29.1 11 – – – – 170.1 45.1 – – – – 28.6 15.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – 27.7 – – – – 26.7 20.4 21.2 – – Country

No. of Commitments of No. – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals (CCF), and Asia Pacif Fund (PEF), Climate Change a Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami Contract Awards/ Commitments of Contract 11b Table Resources, No. b Includes closed grants that had contract awards or disbursements during the year. – = nil. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals during the year. a Includes closed loans that had contract awards or disbursements Contract Awards/ Contract 11a Table

Country Azerbaijan 8 169.4 149.0 47.0 58.5 – – – 58.5 47.0 149.0 169.4 Afghanistan 8 Azerbaijan Georgia 10 5 18.1 37.1 65.9 74.3 18.2 20.0 185.6 111.1 138.3 111.4 – – Armenia Kazakhstan Republic Kyrgyz Pakistan 5 5 6 31 22.7 117.0 122.5 700.9 119.1 22.3 90.3 542.5 – – 833.3 1,178.9 25.0 – – 14.1 799.1 1,093.3 19.4 21.4 7.8 24.0 – – Uzbekistan 20 149.0 137.8 81.8 125.9 5.0 – 5.0 125.9 81.8 137.8 149.0 Tajikistan 20 Uzbekistan 7 2.8 40.5 67.1 37.8 14.3 – Total Total 97 1,528.5 2,486.3 1,290.2 2,216.1 10.3 9.9 Armenia Partnership priorities. scope The partnership’s structure, and urban services. ?{[[ program The 7-year to support a regional transport corridor. will build 550 km of high-speed road from south to north, reaching highway, connecting the country to Georgia’s continued on an urban transport Work Black Sea ports. to the rest of the This will be expanded Yerevan. network in #< with high potential for development impact are also being considered. CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 48 aiajnPwr 4. 1. 300 650.0 300.0 10.0 340.0 140.0 – 140.0 – Total Water SupplyandSanitationServicesInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 Talimarjan Power eodSaladMcoiac eeomn 5. – 50.0 115.0 – – 115.0 – – 50.0 SecondSmallandMicrofinanceDevelopment RoadInvestmentProgram–Tranche 1 CentralAsiaRegionalEconomicCooperationCorridor2 LOANS einlPwrTasiso – 2. – 122.0 – 122.0 – Uzbekistan RegionalPower Transmission GRANT eeal nryDvlpetSco netetPorm–Tace2 0. – 200.0 – – 200.0 Tajikistan RenewableEnergyDevelopmentSectorInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 GUARANTEE LOANS ainlFodEegnyRsos – 30 3.0 3.0 – 120.0 – 150.0 242.0 – – – 120.0 150.0 – – – 242.0 NationalFloodEmergencyResponse GRANT SindhGrowthandRuralRevitalizationProgram(Subprogram2) PunjabMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsProgram(Subprogram2) Power DistributionEnhancementInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 Pakistan oe etrIpoeet 2. – 28.1 – 28.1 – Power SectorImprovement mrec sitnefrRcvr n eosrcin 5. – 51.5 – 51.5 – EmergencyAssistanceforRecoveryandReconstruction GRANTS oe etrIpoeet 1. – 16.7 – 16.7 – Power SectorImprovement mrec sitnefrRcvr n eosrcin 4. – 48.5 – 48.5 – EmergencyAssistanceforRecoveryandReconstruction Kazakhstan AE einlRa ordrIpoeet(upeetr) 2. – 23.0 – 150.0 100.0 283.0 – – 23.0 241.0 – 150.0 85.0 – 68.0 – – – – – – 150.0 100.0 283.0 – 85.0 CARECRegionalRoadCorridorImprovement(Supplementary) 173.0 LOANS Kyrgyz Republic 150.0 – SmallandMediumEnterpriseInvestmentProgram–Tranche 1 (MangystauOblastSections)InvestmentProgram–Project1 CentralAsiaRegionalEconomicCooperationCorridor2 InternationalTransit Corridor]InvestmentProgram–Tranche 3 [Western Europe–Western People’s Republic ofChina CARECTransport CorridorI(ZhambylOblastSection) LOANS SustainableUrbanTransport InvestmentProgram–Tranche 1 SocialServicesDeliveryProgram RoadCorridorInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 LOANS au a-ie oe ln 223 187 411.0 178.7 – 232.3 Georgia JanubGas-FiredPower Plant GUARANTEE ot–ot odCrio netetPorm–Tace2 7. – 170.0 – – 170.0 North–SouthRoadCorridorInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 LOAN Azerbaijan odNtokDvlpetIvsmn rga rnh – 4. – 340.0 – 340.0 – Armenia RoadNetworkDevelopmentInvestmentProgram–Tranche 2 einlPwrTasiso necneto – 20 12.0 – 12.0 – RegionalPower Transmission Interconnection GRANTS Country Table 12a a Excludescofinancingforprojectsapproved in previousyears,technicalassistancegrants,andmultitranchefinancingfacili – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, CAREC=CentralAsiaRegionalEconomic Cooperation,OCR=ordinarycapitalresources. Afghanistan ($ million) Asian DevelopmentBank

Central andWest Asia:SovereignApprovals byCountry, ,9. ,6. 597 3,901.8 549.7 2,090.3 1,261.8 9. 6. 300 955.0 300.0 390.0 265.0 4. 7. 30 715.0 3.0 442.0 270.0 0. – 80 674.0 68.0 – 606.0 5. 50 335.0 – 250.0 85.0 232.3 – 178.7 411.0 7. – 170.0 – 170.0 OR D OhrSucs Total OtherSources ADF OCR 2. – 122.0 – – 122.0 178 167.8 – 167.8 – 5. – 352.0 – – 352.0 a

2010 ties. CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA

49 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual

a, b ADB continued to focus on transport, 2010 a Central and West Asia: Cumulative Central and West possible. OCR Cofinancing OCR ($ million) Lending and Disbursements by Country Lending and Disbursements by Country as of the end of 2010 Kazakhstan 2,309.6 1,251.8 Disbursements 20,599.9 13 Table 174.2 736.3 193.4 369.5 Country Lending 16,217.9 Afghanistan 952.3 328.0 Armenia 433.9 Azerbaijan 687.4 Georgia 786.8 741.7 3.0 Kazakhstan 2,309.6 Republic Kyrgyz 20,894.6 Pakistan 372.5 Tajikistan Uzbekistan 1,945.9 Regional 20.0 29,139.3 Total may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals 736.2 a Loan component of regional projects distributed to the countries whenever b Includes nonsovereign (public and private) sector loans specific to the region. 584.0 Kazakhstan Partnership priorities. #- ?= elopment for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) Dev and CAREC Corridor 2 (Mangystau Oblast). Loan approvals ?[ (Zhambyl facilities and the third tranche of CAREC Corridor 1 X#? Agency. the Japan International Cooperation Municipal The East–West Highway The East–West Since Georgia joined ADB in ADB in joined Since Georgia A $70 million loan for the $70 million loan A Central and West Asia: Nonsovereign Approvals by Country, Nonsovereign Approvals Asia: West Central and

crisis support. ADB approved an $85 million loan ADB approved an $85 million loan support. crisis ($ million) Country Loans Guarantees Investments Project Commercial Total Commercial Project Equity Investments Guarantees Loans Country – = nil, OCR = ordinary capital resources. technical assistance grants, and trade finance program. a Excludes cofinancing for projects approved in previous years, Table 12b Table Georgia 88.0 – – – – 88.0 539.8 27.0 376.8 – – 190.0 190.0 – – – – – – – 8.0 – – 50.0 50.0 (Phase 2) Zvartnots Airport Expansion 27.0 Azerbaijan and Energy Efficiency Garadagh Cement Expansion 88.0 Georgia Company Bank Republic, Joint-Stock of Georgia Joint-Stock Company Bank Corporation Sea Port Poti 27.0 136.8 Pakistan 40.0 Uch II Power – Zorlu Enerji Power 291.8 Total – 20.0 – 50.0 – – – 18.0 – – – – – – 36.8 – 100.0 – – – 50.0 – 27.0 40.0 – – – – – 20.0 50.0 – – – 190.0 18.0 – 340.0 36.8 Armenia 40.0 – – – – 40.0 – – – – Afghanistan Development Sungas LLC for the LPG Distribution 40.0 Armenia – – – – 8.0 8.0 – – 8.0 – – 8.0 Services Development Project, approved in two phases >[[>[[ The water supply and sanitation, and road rehabilitation. capacity of municipal governments to implement projects ?[[ urban transport services and the environment, improve and a $100 million loan to maintain government funding $88 million was also approved. Impact of operations. Georgia Partnership priorities. 2007, loans worth $524 million have been approved urban transport, municipal services, and econom- for ic Impact of operations. It will increase Improvement Project was completed. districts, and economic development in six administrative transport projects Three support regional cooperation. a $500 million were implemented, two funded under CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 50 sector management andregionalcooperation. ADB approved energy, andurbanservices—remained apriority, asdid public Partnership priorities. The KyrgyzRepublic improved asaresultof ADB assistance. cyclical SupportFacility. Transport andurbanservicesalso loan wasapprovedinSeptember2009undertheCounter- ?{[[ # \ \" < targeting modeldevelopedwith ADB technicalassistance— < Impact ofoperations. Total 1,831.3 Regional – Uzbekistan – 140.5 10.0 8.9 – – 293.6 10.0 8.9 2,265.4 Tajikistan 264.6 19.8 – 284.4 Pakistan 5.0 140.5 97.0 242.5 ygzRpbi 266 60 252.6 6.0 – 246.6 Kyrgyz Republic – Kazakhstan – – – Georgia – 149.5 2.5 Azerbaijan – – – – 1,464.6 Armenia – – 2.5 Afghanistan 1,315.1 – – – Country ADF – ($ million) Special Approved byCountryasoftheend2010 Table 14 Other Funds Cofinancing Total – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund. fhnsa 6. – 264.1 – Afghanistan 264.1 onr AF OtherSpecialFunds ADF Country ($ million) Disbursements byCountryasoftheend2010 Table 15 a IncludesgrantsfundedbyAsianTsunami Fund (ATF), Pakistan Earthquake – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund. aahtn– – – Kazakhstan – Georgia – – – – – Azerbaijan – Armenia – – – ygzRpbi 6. – 67.9 – Total 393.5 Regional – – – – – 114.0 Uzbekistan – 67.9 Tajikistan 59.0 – 59.0 507.5 Pakistan 2.5 Kyrgyz Republic 114.0 116.5 (APDRF). Fund (PEF),ClimateChangeFund (CCF),andAsiaPacific DisasterResponseFund Asian DevelopmentBank Central andWest Asia:CumulativeGrants Central andWest Asia:CumulativeGrant ADB assistanceisexpectedto Public infrastructure—transport, Public infrastructure—transport, a Total

process. ADB upgradedruraldrinkingwatersupply systems. road andsupportedpoliciestoreducebarriersinvestment, customs services. ADB completed78kmofthe Osh–Gulcha transport infrastructure,urbanservices,taxcollection,and Impact ofoperations. \ to helpwithrecoveryandreconstructioninOsh,following ciency inenergy and$100million inemergency assistance ?@{- access tomarkets andbasicservices. A ruraldevelopment Khyber Pakhtunkhwa andBalochistan,improving people’s provincial highwaysandrural linksinthe raised. Two roadsectorprojectsrehabilitatednational and Y in electricitygeneration,transmission,anddistribution Impact ofoperations. Trade FinanceFacilitationProgram by$500million. cal items, ADB increasedPakistanibanklimitsunderthe #"\- \ ally Administered Tribal Areas. Withthe World Bank, ADB develop astrategyforKhyberPakhtunkhwaandtheFeder- for $150millionfocusedonhealth-relatedMDGtargets. Punjab MillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)Program role oftheprivatesectorinmanufacturingandtrade. The including improvementstosocialservicedeliveryandthe /6 losses andreduceconsump tion. At theprovinciallevel, ?[ # * & /6`<R which ispreparinganintegratedenergy sector recovery also ledtheformationofEnergy Sector Task Force, * /6 # Partnership priorities. Pakistan A post-crisisneedsassessmenthelpedthegovernment A seriesoflong-terminvestments Energy, transport,urbanservices, / /6 provinces of

CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 51 352.0 170.1 336.4 2009–2010

a Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 122.0 2010 79.6 45.1 2010 44.2 61.6 22.3 35.5 21.2 20.4 15.9 3.0 2009 12.2 2009 0 100 200 300 400 0 50 100 150 200 Central and West Asia: Central and West Asia: Central and Georgia Pakistan Armenia Regional Tajikistan Georgia Azerbaijan Pakistan Uzbekistan Armenia Kazakhstan Tajikistan Afghanistan Azerbaijan Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Afghanistan Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Fund Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (CCF), (PEF), Climate Change Fund Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), (APDRF). Disaster Response Fund and Asia Pacific Kyrgyz Republic Turkmenistan FIGURE 2 2009–2010 by Country, Grants Approved (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) ($ million) (Sovereign) FIGURE 4 Grant Disbursements by Country, ($ million) a Kyrgyz Republic 1,099.6 940.0 1,000 1,000 883.7 687.0 648.8 655.0 606.0 542.5 423.0 2010 2010 228.8 210.0 163.3 140.0 75.0 111.4 119.1 90.3 125.9 101.0 88.2 81.8 75.9 67.1 58.6 27.0 47.0 60.0 47.1 2009 2009 37.8 44.5 24.0 7.8 0 200 400 600 800 1,200 0 200 400 600 800 1,200 Central and West Asia: Central and West Asia: Central and Georgia Georgia Pakistan Pakistan Armenia Armenia Tajikistan Tajikistan Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Afghanistan Afghanistan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ADB Loan Disbursements by Country, 2009–2010 ADB Loan Disbursements by Country, 2009–2010 (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) FIGURE 3 FIGURE 1 ADB Lending by Country, 2009–2010 by Country, 2009–2010 ADB Lending (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) ($ million) ($ million) Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyz Republic CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA 52 from 47%in2001–2002to59%2008–2009. of 10yearsandaboveintheprovincePunjabimproved in socialservicedeliveryPunjab.Literacyratesfortheage M contributed toimprovedhealthandeducation procurement ofgoods,services,andworks. and implementation from variousexecutingagenciesbuildcapacityinthe project ADB administration seminarshelpedmorethan35 productivity. tural and private sector development. Regional cooperation is and privatesector development.Regional cooperation is 2010–2014 focusesontransport connectivity, energy security, Partnership priorities. Tajikistan project improvedrurallivelihoodsandincreased agricul- W Region onKayrakumReservoir, wherefloating contributed therest. Fund loanwhilethegovernment andbeneficiaries provided $35millioninanAsianDevelopment had nosafesourceofwater. ed foranother87,000beneficiarieswho,previously, supply systemsinselectedcommunitieswassupport- At thesametime,reconstructionofpotablewater another67,500ha,helpingafurther359,000 population of471,500,andindirectlyimproved benefited anirrigationareaof85,000hawitha by improvingwatersupplyinfrastructure.The improvements tothelivesofTajikistan’s ruralpoor implemented during2003–2010,hasbroughtvast of thepast.ADB’sAgricultureRehabilitationProject, of cotton,apricots,andvegetablesarenowathing to sellhisproduceatpricesbarelycoveringcosts. sink toaquarterofnormaloutputandhewasforced irrigation systems thanks toanADBinitiativeupgrade in Tajikistan havedoubledtheirincomes Farmers affected bywatershortages Bitter FruitsTurn intoSweetHarvest The Punjab Devolved Social Services Programme The PunjabDevolvedSocialServicesProgramme Part oftheprojectwasundertakeninSughd Of the$43.75millioncostofproject,ADB Times ofdesperateshortageforhismixedcrops Asian DevelopmentBank from his75-hectare(ha)farminTajikistan of hiscrops,SohboiDodoboevsawyields hen ascarcityofwaterblightedthequality The country partnership strategy for The countrypartnershipstrategy for representatives indicators for indicators for pontoon people. project

possible between Tajikistan and Afghanistan. expenditures. An ADB projectwillmakepowertrade < " Program provideda$40milliongrantin2009–2010to Impact ofoperations. between Dushanbe,thecapitalcity, andtheUzbekistanborder. 6Y/ * approved fortheperiodwillincreasesystem reliability and a bindingtheme. A majorelectricitytransmissionproject /R < #< * /6R connecting BerekettoBuzhun, waspreparedin2010, Partnership priorities. Turkmenistan

Nozim Kalandarov our sonandhiswifeahomelastyear.” incomes havedoubled,”hesays.“Iwasabletobuild filtering outintoothersectorsofthecommunity. “Our spending onimprovingtheirbusinessesandhomes crop inaddedvalue.Heseesthemoneyfarmersare ment, whichwillbringfourtimesthepriceofhisfresh have allthewatertheyneed. changes, ensuringthatDodoboevandhisneighbors other infrastructurehasbroughtaboutsomedramatic for over25,000haoffarms. stations pumpwateruptoastorageareaforirrigation This pumpstationsuppliespreciouswaterforruralpoor Now Dodoboevplanstobuyapricot-dryingequip- Construction ofthefloatingpumpstationsand The North–SouthRailway The CrisisRecoverySupport Project,

CENTRAL AND WEST ASIA

Annual Report 2010 Report Annual A $36 million loan for the Urban $36 million A In the city of Ambrolauri, the water system had the water system had In the city of Ambrolauri,

ADB has supported infrastructure upgrades in Adigeni ADB has supported infrastructure upgrades in Daro Sulakauri Daro strategy for and began work on a new country partnership 2012–2016. Impact of operations. /*``< /6R and Child Health *Woman the Uzbekistan health sector, the been in a state of complete dysfunction. Pipes leaked dysfunction. Pipes leaked been in a state of complete About a third of the and water was contaminated. to supplies while the rest were people had no access ADB-funded 3 hours a day. receiving unsafe water safe supplies to the popula- repairs have brought and leaks have been minimized. tion of about 3,200 city receives good quality water Now everyone in the 14 hours a day. Water Supply Project brought drinking water to the cities Supply Project Water Development Project, with a $40 million loan, reduced the doctors national maternal mortality rate by retraining 1,600 The CAREC Regional and 20,000 nurses nationwide. Road Project, in its advanced stage with a $75 million loan, introduced international road construction standards and "#<- tural Development Project, with a $36 million loan, created jobs and raised incomes in rural areas by improving water Amu-Zang Irrigation The ongoing and soil management. Rehabilitation Project, with a $73 million loan, is reducing Amu Darya River. siltation in the

pipeline into Pakistan ADB provided $655 million ADB has yet to start its lending ADB has yet to start its lending

amage caused by sewage leaking onto the street amage caused by sewage the 2-kilometer (km) contributed to making Georgian town of Akhalt- stretch of road in the

ADB intervention has transformed these thorough- ADB intervention has upgrade Meanwhile, ADB assistance has helped sikhe impassable, while in the nearby town of Keda, in the nearby town of Keda, sikhe impassable, while poor drainage made transpor- dilapidated roads and tation difficult. pipes in fares. Rehabilitation of the road and sewage living conditions Akhaltsikhe has significantly improved in fuel and by increasing access and producing savings car repairs. The ADB-financedabout rehabilitation of under the same Municipal Sector 2 km of roads in Keda a muddy track Development Project included replacing road and and a broken asphalt surface with a modern to residents have easy access drainage system. Today, the local hospital and kindergarten. of Adigeni, roads elsewhere in Georgia. In the town was in such for instance, the main 3 km access road pass through it. bad condition that cars could hardly for municipal A new road, built thanks to ADB funds the community infrastructure, has effectively reopened to the outside world. Rehabilitation of dilapidated water Rehabilitation of relief has brought infrastructure and road for many citizens Urban Fixes Transform Georgian Towns Georgian Transform Fixes Urban D Uzbekistan Partnership priorities. ?[[ facility to support power generation, regional highway accessibility to neighboring countries and trade. ADB ADB and trade. accessibility to neighboring countries ber. Septem Ashgabat in opened the resident mission in was signed in December for a gas secretariat. ADB is the project’s Afghanistan. and India via Impact of operations. Turkmenistan. operations in corridors, water supply and sanitation, and access to credit ADB signed agreements with local for small businesses. <&/6- ration of a welfare improvement strategy for 2011–2014 Turkmenistan joined CAREC. A heads of state agreement A joined CAREC. Turkmenistan CHAPTER 8 EAST ASIA The People’s Republic of China, Mongolia

ADB’s operations in East Asia are aimed at sustainable development and inclusive growth. In the People’s Republic of China (PRC), increased lending for energy conservation and clean energy, urban environment improvement, and natural resource protection has achieved a greener portfolio. In Mongolia, investments in basic infrastructure and social services are being supported. EAST ASIA

55 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual A $66 million loan and mobilization of aboutA $66 million loan and mobilization of $12.2 million in grants for the PRC’s integrated andrenewable biomass energy development rural environment improvement toEquity and loans of up to $146.6 million a company to improve water supply and wastewater treatment facilities in the PRC’s Songhua River Basin The first international renminbi-denominated bond of CNY1.2 billion to develop the offshore renminbi bond market and support ADB’s nonsovereign operations A grant of $2.5 million from the Asia Pacific to mitigate the Disaster Response Fund devastating impact of extreme weather conditions in Mongolia A $15 million grant to help Mongolia improve urban infrastructure and services in the booming mining and border towns in the province of Southeast Gobi An additional $10 million grant from the Initiative to fill Track Education for All – Fast the funding gap for the implementation of Mongolia’s Education Master Plan HIGHLIGHTS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT part of operations Knowledge management is an integral in East Asia. Priority themes for the PRC are macroeco- Asia. Priority themes for the PRC are in East ADB further strengthened its resident missions to its resident missions strengthened ADB further responsibilities. portfolio management assume increased Asia Department ADB, the East Meanwhile, within of technical assistance projects pioneered the delegation The portfolio continued agencies. to selected executing projects at risk kept below 3% of to perform well, with contract awards and disbursement ongoing loans. Loan to ensure timely were made were met. Efforts targets As of end 2010, assistance projects. closure of technical 28 ongoing grants, 16 of which were the portfolio included ADF and SF resources. from

consisted , an extreme weather phenomenon. ADB , an extreme weather phenomenon. dzud

In both countries, ADB continued to provide technical In both countries, Total lending operations (Table 19) in the PRC (Table lending operations Total the Japan Mongolia also received $2.5 million from n the PRC during the year, a strategic reorientation— the year, n the PRC during Partnership Strategy (CPS)based on the Country inclusive and environmentally2008–2010—facilitated sustainable development with increased lending for energy with increased lending for energy sustainable development and rural develop- and urban energy, conservation and clean the CPS under preparation for 2011– ment. For Mongolia, regionally integrated growth2015 builds on sustainable, development focusing on support inand inclusive social and social services. urban development, transport, energy, " trade among neighboring countries, and facilitate ogy, Nonsovereign sovereign loans for $1,320.88 million. of 11 included million, which approvals for the PRC totaled $586.6 enhance regional cooperation. ?=[ 6" ] ?>[ Z ment Fund Asian Develop loans for $48 million and four the supplementarygrants totaling $50 million, including Project.funding for the Regional Road Development Asia from the Fund for Poverty Reduction and $2.5 million /Y] impact of including provided $34.32 million in technical assistance, ?>>= the PRC, $7.38 million for Mongolia, and $4.78 million for regional technical assistance. ADB continued its efforts to promote development ADB continued its efforts and portfolio management that focuses on effectiveness Asia. Project readiness was improved by results in East procurement procedures with government ADB’s aligning The environmental and social approval processes. and safeguards assurance process was enhanced to respond Statement. Safeguard Policy ADB’s to more effectively PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT I OVERVIEW EAST ASIA 56 TheThirdEducationDevelopmentProjectand Mongolia ADBishelpingthePRCensureenvironmental The People’s RepublicofChina Progress oftheMDGsinEastAsia and in curricula for training teachers. and incurriculafortrainingteachers. consultants ongendersensitization intextbooks executing/implementing agencies andlocal includes genderanddevelopmenttrainingfor The ThirdEducationDevelopmentProject promote genderequalityandempowerwomen. Several ADBprojectsincludemeasuresto primary education. help safeguardachievements,includinguniversal the Poor—Financial CrisisResponseProjectto ADB alsoprovidedagrantfortheEducation develop aneffective12-yeareducationsystem. Education SectorReformProjecthavehelped government inimprovinglifefortheruralpoor. Agricultural DevelopmentProject,willassistthe Agriculture Project,andShanxiIntegrated Improvement Project,DrylandSustainable Sustainable AgricultureandProductivity Agriculture projects,suchastheHenan are stillfoundmainlyintheinlandprovinces. reduction butalargenumberofruralpoor The PRChasmetitsnationalgoalofpoverty Development Project. with theYunnan IntegratedRoadNetwork created throughtechnicalassistanceassociated from poorethnicminorityvillagesarebeing women, neweconomicopportunitiesforwomen To promotegenderequalityandempower as theHaiRiverandChaoLake. improve thequalityofkeybodieswater, such Mountains; andpreventfurtherpollution and managementinShaanxiQinling Heilongjiang; improvebiodiversityconservation wetlands, theSanjiangPlainWetlands in conserve oneoftheworld’smostimportant Natural resourcemanagementprojectswill emissions andpromoteenergyefficiency. Hydropower Project)willreducecarbondioxide Project) andrenewableenergy(GansuHeihe Gasification CombinedCyclePower Plant advanced technology(TianjinIntegrated sustainability. Inenergy, investmentsin Asian DevelopmentBank University inShanghaito improve knowledge exchange sustainable urbandevelopmentwas ferences. A partnershipona regional knowledgehub for 29 workshops,3booklaunches,and18internationalcon- annual KPSCompendiumoftheEast Asia Department, completed. These werewidely disseminatedthroughthe other developingmembercountries.In2010,44KPSwere sectors tofacilitatecooperationbetweenthePRCand knowledge hubsontheurbandevelopmentandtransport and InnovationCommittee. for theadvisoryteamatMongolia’s NationalDevel the PRC’s 12thFive-Year Plan,and program includedtwopolicystudiesforthepreparationof policy advisorysupporttothePRCandMongolia. The KPS of knowledgeproductsandservices(KPS).Focuswason proposals atentry, peerreviews,andjointprogramming assurance weresustainedsuchasscreeningof knowledge Z growth (especiallyincreasingproductivity)andpoverty ration. InMongolia,thefocusisoninclusiveeconomic protection, povertyreduction,andinter-provincial coope- and low-carbonstrategiescovering thePRC,Japan, transport corridorperformance monitoring. transport andtradefacilitation committee,andeffective through thenewlyestablishedCARECregionaljoint between MongoliaandthePRC,institution-building progress includedstrengthenedcustomscooperation the CARECtradefacilitationprogramisontrack.Notable transport agreementtofostertrade. The implementationof in buildingcross-borderinfrastructureandthrougha regional initiatives. ADB alsocontinuedtomake Cooperation (CAREC)andtheGreaterMekongSubregion participating intheCentral Asia RegionalEconomic and economiccooperationwasfacilitatedamong country programstrategiesofthePRCandMongolia. Trade Regional cooperationremainsakeypriorityinthe REGIONAL COOPERATION and capacitydevelopmentin response torapidurbaniza- Under itsknowledge-sharingplatform, ADB setup Regional researchontheeconomics ofclimatechange policy research support established with Tongji countries countries progress progress opment

EAST ASIA 57 pillars: National increased inclusive and 2009–2010 a strategic Grants at Risk Loans at Risk a, b a Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Further greening of the PRC Further greening of the PRC Following an extensive consul- ic Disaster Response Fund (APDRF). ic Disaster Response Fund Disbursements Disbursements a a, b The technical assistance program supported analy- Mongolia Partnership priorities. is expected to be tative process, the CPS (2011–2015) It is aligned with Mongolia’s approved mid-2011. Development Strategy and builds on two Development Strategy Impact of operations. of eight sovereignportfolio was achieved with the approval * ADB and urban development. environmental improvement, continued its strategic reorientation to facilitate with environmentally sustainable development urban conservation and clean energy, lending for energy development, and agriculture and rural development. < environment, and climate change. Capacity & urbanization, development was pursued through showcase workshops that disseminated lessons learned from past and ongoing projects, and through extensive training programs for new counterpart agencies and project staff.

2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2009 2009 2010 Ongoing Loans Ongoing Grants (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) Strategy 2020. The current country partnership East Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Sovereign Lending, 2009–2010 for Sovereign Lending, Indicators Performance Portfolio East Asia: East Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Grants from ADF and Special Funds Resources, ADF and Special Funds Indicators for Grants from Performance East Asia: Portfolio Country Total 77 1,399.4 1,176.1 1,356.8 1,398.4 2.6 3.9 20.0 2.6 12.5 1,398.4 56.7 1,356.8 15.1 1,176.1 53.2 1,399.4 21.7 Republic of China, People’s 8 Mongolia 77 Total 69 1,377.7 1,122.9 1,341.7 1,341.7 1.4 1.5 Country

– = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals (CCF), and Asia Pacif (PEF), Climate Change Fund a Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami during the year. b Includes closed grants that had contract awards or disbursements Contract Awards/ Commitments of 17 Table Contract No. Note: Totals may not add up because of rounding. may Note: Totals contract awards or disbursements during the year. a Includes closed loans that had Contract Awards/ Contract 16 Table China, People’s Republic of China, People’s 3 0.6 – 0.2 – – – No. of Commitments of No. Mongolia 13 24.5 16.8 19.1 18.3 12.5 7.7 Total Total 16 25.1 16.8 18.5 19.1 11.1 6.3 strategy focuses on inclusive growth, environmental protection, private sector development, and regional cooperation, while emphasizing innovation, knowledge cooperation, and capacity development to add value and enhance develop- All lending and nonlending support has ment impacts. been screened through the lens of environmental protection (including climate change) and social impacts to respond to promote environmentally efforts redoubled to PRC’s ADB and the PRC jointly sustainable and inclusive growth. launched the preparation of the next CPS for 2011–2015, Plan 12th Five-Year which will support priorities of the PRC’s ADB’s that are aligned with Partnership priorities. COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS COUNTRY Republic of China The People’s Republic of Korea, and Mongolia is being pursued through Republic of Korea, and Mongolia is being - Agency. tional Cooperation EAST ASIA 58 einlRa eeomn – 60 16.0 – 15.0 16.0 – – 15.0 – Total SoutheastGobiUrbanandBorderTown Development RegionalRoadDevelopment einlLgsisDvlpet 50 5.0 – 5.0 – RegionalLogisticsDevelopment orhHat etrDvlpet 1. – 14.0 2.5 – 2.5 14.0 – – – PromotingInclusiveFinancialServicesforthePoor Fourth HealthSectorDevelopment GRANTS einlLgsis 4. – 40.0 – 8.0 40.0 – – 8.0 – RegionalRoadDevelopment(Supplementary) RegionalLogistics LOANS Mongolia ini nertdGsfcto obndCcePwrPat – . 5.0 5.0 – – TianjinIntegratedGasificationCombinedCyclePower Plant ii idPwr 2. – 100 240.0 – 120.0 – – 120.0 PowerJilin Wind 1.0 1.0 – – JiangxiSustainableForest EcosystemDevelopment ua ra niomna mrvmn 100 – 100.0 12.2 250.0 – 200.0 12.2 – 135.0 40.0 – – 150.0 – – 1,339.1 – 66.1 – 18.2 – 100.0 – 250.0 – – 29.8 – – – 200.0 100.0 – 100.0 135.0 – 150.0 – 40.0 1,320.9 – 150.0 – – – 66.1 IntegratedRenewableBiomassEnergyDevelopmentSector GRANTS – – Yunnan IntegratedRoadNetworkDevelopment WuhanUrbanEnvironmentalImprovement 29.8 – TianjinIntegratedGasificationCombinedCyclePower Plant 100.0 SecondHeilongjiangRoadNetworkDevelopment 100.0 RiskMitigationandStrengtheningofEndangeredReservoirsinShandongProvince RailwayEnergyEfficiencyandSafetyEnhancementInvestmentProgram–Tranche 150.0 2 JiangxiSustainableForest EcosystemDevelopment IntegratedRenewableBiomassEnergyDevelopmentSector InnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionEnvironmentImprovementProject(PhaseII) GuangxiSouthwesternCitiesDevelopment ChongqingUrban–RuralInfrastructureDevelopmentDemonstration LOANS China, People’s Republicof Country Table 18a a Excludescofinancingforprojectsapprovedinpreviousyears,technicalassistancegrants, and tradefinanceprogram. – =nil,OCRordinarycapitalresources. China, People’s Republicof Country Loans Table 18b a Excludescofinancingforprojectsapprovedinpreviousyears,technicalassistancegrants,andmultitranchefinancingfacili – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources. Guarantees Investments Equity Project Commercial Total uiia aua a nrsrcueDvlpet(hs ) 0. – 100 200.0 – 100.0 – – 100.0 Municipal NaturalGasInfrastructureDevelopment(Phase2) ($ million) ($ million) n aaeetPoetPiaeSco aiiy 66 1. 100 146.6 – 100.0 10.0 – 36.6 andManagementProjectPrivateSectorFacility Songhua RiverBasinWater Pollution Control oa 266– 00 2. 586.6 320.0– 10.0 256.6– Total Dzud Asian DevelopmentBank Dsse epnePoet – . 2.5 2.5 – – DisasterResponseProject East Asia:SovereignApprovalsbyCountry, East Asia:NonsovereignApprovalsbyCountry,

5. 1. 300– 586.6 320.0– 10.0 256.6 – a 2010 a 2010 OCR Cofinancing 1,320.9 98.0 23.2 1,442.1 OCR ADF Other Sources Total – 98.0 5.0 103.0 ties. EAST ASIA 59 a 1,468.2 1,460.3 1,954.9 55.0 44.2 1,577.5 19.1 18.3 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) 18.2 2010 2010 2010 2010 9.9 58.7 15.1 0.2 2009 2009 48.0 50.1 0102030 2009 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 2009 (Sovereign) (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) (Sovereign (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 0204060 East Asia: Grant Disbursements by Country, East Asia: ADB Lending by Country, East Asia: East Asia: Grants Approved by Country, East Asia: ADB Loan Disbursements Mongolia Mongolia Republic of Mongolia Republic of Mongolia Republic of Republic of Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Fund Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (CCF), (PEF), Climate Change Fund Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), (APDRF). Disaster Response Fund and Asia Pacific China, People’s China, People’s a FIGURE 8 2009–2010 FIGURE 5 2009–2010 FIGURE 6 2009–2010 FIGURE 7 by Country, 2009–2010 ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) China, People’s China, People’s

ted a, b Total a energy, urban devel- energy, East Asia: Cumulative Grants Approved East Asia: Cumulative East Asia: Cumulative Lending and Cumulative Lending East Asia: East Asia: Cumulative Grant Disbursements

titive, sustainable, and regionally integra

ive investments in transport, Fund (PEF), Climate Change Fund (CCF), and Asia Pacific Disaster Response Fund Disaster Response Fund (CCF), and Asia Pacific (PEF), Climate Change Fund Fund (APDRF). Total 35.3 2.7 38.0 37.8 2.5 2.7 Mongolia 35.3 35.3 Total by Country as of the end of 2010 ($ million) China, People’s Republic of China, People’s – 0.2 0.2 by Country as of the end of 2010 ($ million) – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. Earthquake Pakistan (ATF), Fund a Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami Country ADF Special Funds Funds Other Special 21 Table Country ADF – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. Country ADF Special Funds Cofinancing Total Cofinancing Funds 278.0 Other 210.7 Special 20 96.1 Table 36.0 2.5 9.7 Country ADF Republic of China, People’s – Mongolia 172.2 172.2 Total 7.2 60.1 67.3 Country Lending Disbursements 653.2 17,019.3 of the end of 2010 by Country as Disbursements Lending Country Republic of China, People’s 774.7 Mongolia 25,311.3 Total 24,536.6 a to the countries whenever possible. Loan component of regional projects distributed b loans specific to the region. Includes nonsovereign (public and private) sector 16,366.1 Table 19 Table ($ million) /6 maintain its leadership in the education sector and a selective involvement to supporting ADB’s role in health, focusing reforms. and institutional hospital rationalization, drug safety, (i) compe growth; and (ii) inclusive social development. It will focus on creating a more enabling environment for the private sector through policy and institutional reforms and capacity building. Select opment emphasizing public–private partnerships, regional EAST ASIA 60 ing agro-enterprises;andsupporting thesocialprotection ary cities;improvingwatersupply infrastructure;support- providing accesstoessentialmunicipalservicesinsecond- ' - tion enroll ' Impact ofoperations. E parents keeptheirchildren inschool materialshavehelpedpoor essential learning Quick distributionoffunds,textbooks,and Grant GivesChildren aChance inMongolia education duringthefinancialcrisisbecameamajor and, insomecases,withdrawingchildrenfromschool. 33%. Poor householdscopedby cuttingdownonfood and oilpricesin2008thattriggeredinflationashigh poor people.Thecrisisfollowedseverespikesinfood mining revenuesandthelargepercentageofexisting the financialcrisis,partlyduetoitsrelianceonvolatile ing countriesinwhichpovertyratesclimbedrapidly rapidly decliningrealwages. some otherteenagershad—tosupplementthefamily’s cobbler, or worried thathemighthavetoworkasastoreclerk, 35.2% nationalaverage.Chuluun’sparentswere from Ulaanbaatar, hasrisento51%,wellabovethe of Asia.ThepovertyrateinZavkhan,1,000 most parents. performance andwerethelargestschoolexpensefor sidered themostimportantdeterminantofstudent in 2009. to affordeventhreetextbooks,”saidChuluun’sparents commodities andschoolitemsincreasing,weare and English,butthisyear, withthepricesforfood only threeofthe18subjectstaughtatamiddleschool. Maintaining vulnerablecitizens’accesstoquality Mongolia isamongthenearlyone-thirdofdevelop- Chuluun’s storyisanall-toofamiliaroneinthispart School surveysrevealedthattextbookswerecon- “Last yearweboughttextbooksformath, Asian DevelopmentBank Zavkhan province, could purchase textbooks for Zavkhan province,couldpurchasetextbooksfor the parentsofChuluun,a9thgraderinMongolia’s ven beforetheglobalfinancialcrisishitcountry, ment rates;improvingtransportconnectivity; collector ofcansandplasticbottles—like ADB operationsinMongolia Mongolian, Mongolian, kilometers unable unable

Kevin Hamdorf the governanceofpublichospitals. network ofprimaryhealthcareproviders,improvementsin state healthinsuranceandhelpedwiththeintroductionofa assisted thepreparationofdraftlegislationtoreform /6 preventanincreaseinschooldropouts. helping reducemalnutritionamongchildrenand budget. grants soparentswouldn’thavetofillgapsinthe 2009/10 and2010/11,over300schoolsgotblock allocated freesecondarytextbooksinschoolyears preschoolers receivedfreemeals,about100,000were Poor—Financial CrisisResponseProject,about150,000 grant fromADBtosupporttheEducationfor the governmenteasepressure.Undera$17 challenge. However, ADBrespondedquicklytohelp Quick actionisaddressingMongoliachildren’sneeds Quick disbursementsaddressedimmediateneeds, million EAST ASIA 61

farming Guangdong, Annual Report 2010 Report Annual established 550 reserves holding over 2.7 trillion established 550 reserves holding over Guided by the National Wetland Conservation Wetland Guided by the National project with a $15 million loan ADB supported the several As farmland was being restored to wetland, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hunan, Action Plan, Heilongjiang issued the PRC’s Action Plan, Heilongjiang first wetland restoration was then a Wetland regulations in 2003. PRC. But from 2005, the Sanjiang new concept in the helped entrench the Protection Project Plain Wetlands efforts to improve the well- practice and integrate with conservation plans. being of local communities in obtaining a $12.14 million and assisted Heilongjiang grant from the Global Environment Facility. liveli- models for creating new ecologically sustainable hoods, such as the introduction of greenhouse implemented, and clean-energy biomass plants, were ecotourism boosting farmers’ profits. Meantime, raising aware- projects are also producing income and can play in ness in local communities of the role they protecting an important natural resource. followed Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia have PRC had placed Heilongjiang’s example. By 2010, the half 18 million hectares of natural wetland—almost protection the wetlands area in the country—under and tons of fresh water. climate ong Yubo can never forget the severe drought can never forget the ong Yubo Heilongjiang province, that affected northeast plain wetlands, in 2007. home to the Sanjiang In Jixian County, it was so dry that corn leaves could it was so dry that In Jixian County, call them kidneys of the earth— Wetlands—some

Efforts to revert farmland back to nature nature farmland back to to revert Efforts raised wetlands have largest in the PRC’s communities and spread incomes in local conservation is good the message that Win–winGo Back to Nature as Wetlands easily be lit. “But the neighboring county, Baoqing was easily be lit. “But the neighboring county, created a small barely affected, because the wetlands who Yubo, wet climate in this area,” says 48-year-old to help prevent has made daily patrols for many years at 11 million damage to the Sanjiang wetlands which hectares are the largest in the PRC. are natural reservoirs critical for counterbalancing mitigating floods and droughts and, ultimately, dramatically, change. In the PRC, they are shrinking devel- mostly because of global warming, agricultural to the opment, and exploitation of rivers. According of the PRC’sChinese Academy of Sciences, nearly 30% with huge wetlands vanished between 1990 and 2000, losses in the Sanjiang plains. Today in the People’s Republic of China, wetlands are being protected in the People’s Today S Lei Kan CHAPTER 9

The Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, PACIFIC the Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu

ADB’s assistance for the 14 developing member countries in the Pacific continues to be shaped by the Pacific Approach 2010–2014. This is helping to raise living standards, build economic resilience, promote the growth of private companies, and improve public sector efficiency. Meanwhile, stronger regional cooperation has resulted from stepping up high-level consultations among development partners and government agencies. PACIFIC 63 Loans at Risk a Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Disbursements a to implement the Pacific Approach 2010–2014 to implement the Pacific Guinea have been approved New and Papua public sector reformEconomic recovery and grants approved for theprogram loans and and Solomon IslandsMarshall Islands, Samoa, in 2010 Implementation Plan for theThe Climate Change countries a framework for gave member Pacific developing and implementing climate change investments and action plans to 2015 HIGHLIGHTS plan prepared New regional operations business for Kiribati New country partnership strategies PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT increasing capacity of regional and resident the With project were grants, and one piggyback technical assistance portfolio to more delegated to them, raising the delegated This enabled better engagement with total. than 60% of the achieving expected projects, and improved likelihood of 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 Compact. Ongoing Loans

Pacific: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Sovereign Lending, 2009–2010 Indicators for Sovereign Performance Portfolio Pacific:

2010) (as of 31 Dec ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%)

/6 =@ living standards and build member countries raise economic and social resilience by developing

#>[=[M>[=@` No. of Commitments of No.

– = nil, ( ) = negative. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals a Includes closed loans that had contract awards or disbursements during the year. Contract Awards/ Contract 22 Table Country Fiji 4 23.0 17.0 16.7 5.3 – 25.0 – 5.3 16.7 17.0 23.0 Cook Islands Fiji 4 2 23.9 1.6 10.6 (0.3) – 25.0 Kiribati 1 – – – – – – – – – – – Kiribati 1 Marshall Islands 1 10.0 – 10.0 – – – Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, Federated 2 2.3 0.8 1.1 0.8 – – Nauru – – – – – – – – – – – – Nauru – Palau 2 – – – – – – – – – – – 2 Palau Papua New Guinea Papua 14 30.0 23.6 27.9 17.4 – – Samoa 4 29.4 5.1 25.6 6.3 – – – 6.3 25.6 5.1 29.4 Samoa 4 Solomon Islands – – – – – – – Timor-Leste – – – – – – – – – – – – – Timor-Leste Tonga Tonga – – – – – – – Tuvalu 2 0.02 0.1 0.3 0.4 100.0 – 100.0 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.02 2 Tuvalu Vanuatu – – – – – – – – – – – – – Vanuatu Regional – 0.002 0.05 0.2 0.4 – – – 0.4 0.2 0.05 0.002 Regional – Total 32 118.6 48.2 92.3 30.4 6.3 6.7 6.3 30.4 92.3 48.2 118.6 32 Total Regional cooperation and coordination continue to be Regional cooperation and coordination consultations with strengthened through regular high-level technical major development partners and engagement with This includes an ongoing ADB. agencies in the work of commitment to implementing the Cairns REGIONAL COOPERATION A OVERVIEW infrastructure, strengthening public sector management strengthening public sector management infrastructure, promoting private sector growth. and governance, and in support of growth and develop- and institutional settings of core government functions andment, the strengthening outsourcing of services delivery where feasible, and further operations in ADB’s of enhancement to the effectiveness /6R \" ADB to respond to the special circumstances situations helps of the region. PACIFIC 64 projects areinroads, watersupply, and emergency response. by the April 2007 Approach to Reengagement. Ongoing Partnership priorities. Fiji with strategy partnership Partnership priorities. The CookIslands COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS and advisory, andcapacitydevelopmentactivities. $120 millioningrantscoveredproject preparatory, policy * and 92%ofthe2010projection,respectively. Seventy- Fund, thecontractawardsanddisbursementswere102% Y / ] / the amountsachievedin2009.Forgrantsfrom Asian and 147%ofannualprojections. This ismorethantwice and disbursementsfor sovereign loansachieved115% 2010 asannual targets weresurpassed.Contractawards Model andimprovedinternalauditing. ties throughthedevelopmentofFinancialManagement <- vulnerable. Regionaltechnicalassistanceshaveenabledthe the deliveryofessentialpublicservicestopoorand works inthewatersectorwillcommencesoon, boost economicactivitythroughincreasedgovernmentcapital Program, ADB supportedstructuralandgovernanceimprove- awarded in2010. Through theEconomicRecoverySupport Port DevelopmentProjectwascompletedandthecontract ture servicestothewholecountry. The designforthe Avatiu governance frameworktoimprovedeliveryofinfrastruc- supporting thegovernmentinimplementinginfrastructure Impact ofoperations. public sectorservicedelivery. improved economicandsocialinfrastructure,better The intended country partnershipstrategyoutcomes are on environmentallysustainableeconomicdevelopment. Sustainable DevelopmentPlan(2007–2010),byfocusing Asian DevelopmentBank An ADB technicalassistanceis All ADB operations areguided ADB hasaligneditscountry Te KavengaNui , theNational maintaining maintaining water metershave beeneitherrepairedorreplaced. eters (km)ofmains, 8,000serviceconnections, and10,000 In aneffort toreducelossesfromwaterleakage,56kilom- Sewerage Projectcontinuedto improveserviceprovision. Impact ofoperations. HIVprevalence,however, remainsaproblem InSamoa,ADBiscontributingtoMDG7by InTonga, ADBiscontributingtoMDG7 InTimor-Leste, ADB hascontributedtoMDG7 WiththeSecretariatofPacific Community Progress ofthe MDGsinthePaciﬁc providing assistance. in Papua NewGuineaandhereADBisalso households. solutions toapproximately1,000low-income is providingsubsidizedon-sitesanitation access tosuchservices.For MDG1,ADB master planforApiaandimprovingresidents’ of thewatersupply, sanitation,anddrainage and (ii)supportingtheimplementation a cityofapproximately60,000people; flood mitigationanddrainageinApia, central businessdistrictandimproving wastewater treatmentplantservingApia’s (i) establishingthefirstsewagesystemand 35,000 peopletosuchservices. and improvingtheaccessofapproximately sanitation, anddrainagesystemsinNuku’alofa by improvingthequalityofurbanwater, construction andmaintenance. in fishfarmingandsmall-scaledam opportunities forapproximately4,000people ADB hascontributedbyincreasingjob to waterandsanitationservices.For MDG1, improving theaccessofupto30,000people and (ii)twotowns’watersupplysystems 35,000 peopleto24-hourwatersupplyservices; and improvingtheaccessofapproximately by rehabilitating(i)Dili’swatersupplysystem and particularlyofthemostvulnerable. improve thehealthandwell-beingofislanders reports alsoprovidedkeypolicyguidanceonhowto monitor achievementoftheMDGs.Thesurvey surveys acrossthePacific havehelpedpolicymakers expenditure surveysanddemographichealth Development Goals(MDGs).Householdincomeand progress towardachievementoftheMillennium the Pacific developingmembercountriesmanage and otherdevelopmentpartners,ADBhashelped The Suva–Nausori Water Supplyand PACIFIC

a Risk Grants at a, b Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Economic management and ic Disaster Response Fund (APDRF). ic Disaster Response Fund An ADB program loan supported An Disbursements a, b ability, including public sector capacity building, ability, The Federated States of Micronesia Partnership priorities. account and community consultation and participation programs ADB to promote public sector reform, remained priorities. increased dialogue at the federal and state levels to strengthen and renewable energy the focus on infrastructure, for energy The approved and Chuuk. Yap in the states of in particular, includes a loan country operations business plan 2011–2013 sector development in those states and support energy to and human capacity, and environment protection and and human capacity, climate change mitigation. Impact of operations. plan Company with its recovery the Marshalls Energy commercial bank. by repaying a high-interest loan with a # much-needed repairs and maintenance, thereby maintaining much-needed repairs and maintenance, thereby and improving electricity services to the majority of ADB provided households on the main island of Majuro. R meeting in December 2010. 2010 2009 2009 2010 2009 2010 Ongoing Grants Technical assistance is building assistance Technical The government cleared its loan The country partnership strategy The country partnership Pacific: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Grants from ADF and Special Funds Resources, Funds ADF and Special for Grants from Indicators Performance Portfolio Pacific: (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) No. of Commitments of No. 2009–2010 – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals (CCF), and Asia Pacif Fund (PEF), Climate Change a Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami b Includes closed grants that had contract awards or disbursements during the year. Contract Awards/ Contract Table 23 Table

Country Cook Islands – – – – – – – Fiji – – – – – – – – – – – – – Fiji Kiribati – – – – – – – – – – – – – Kiribati Marshall Islands – – – – – – – Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, Federated – – – – – – – Nauru – – – – – – – – – – – – – Nauru Palau – – – – – – – – – – – – – Palau Papua New Guinea New Guinea Papua 1 1.4 2.0 3.6 2.6 – – Samoa 3 4.2 4.4 2.5 3.9 – – – 3.9 2.5 4.4 4.2 3 Samoa Solomon Islands 6 21.2 3.7 10.4 1.0 – – Timor-Leste 2 6.6 1.0 1.5 3.3 – – – 3.3 1.5 1.0 6.6 2 Timor-Leste Tonga 2 14.0 0.7 5.7 1.0 – – – 1.0 5.7 0.7 14.0 2 Tonga Tuvalu 1 0.0 3.2 0.0 1.2 – – – 1.2 0.0 3.2 0.0 1 Tuvalu Vanuatu – – – – – – – – – – – – – Vanuatu Regional 1 0.3 0.7 0.9 2.2 – – – 2.2 0.9 0.7 0.3 1 Regional Total 16 47.6 15.7 24.6 15.2 – – – 15.2 24.6 15.7 47.6 16 Total The Marshall Islands Partnership priorities. in March 2009 and has maintained ADB arrears with # business plan 2010–2012 includes one program loan, and technical assistance projects to support macroeconomic capacity to improve the management and performance of This is Fiscal Framework. adoption of the Medium-Term helping improve the delivery of public services to over 42% of the population. Project assistance will rehabilitate and upgrade the road network from the airport through the administrative capital of Bairiki and to the port of Betio. Partnership priorities. ADB and the government for 2010–2014 between services. delivery of sustainable infrastructure improved Impact of operations. Kiribati PACIFIC 66 and school children ontheisland of Weno. and educationreformshave included communitygroups Consultation andparticipation insupportofpublicsector concerted programtoreform thestate’s educationsystem. Department ofEducationisleadingallstakeholdersina performance. As aresultoftechnicalassistance, theChuuk R Department staff inallfourstates,strengtheningthegov- ment andaccount assist ance insupportofimprovedeconomicmanage- supply, sanitation,andpowerinfrastructure. Technical Development Projecthelpedtorestorecriticalwater Impact ofoperations. to enhancepolicydialogue. technical assistanceforcapacitybuilding,whilecontinuing Solomon Islands Total rnpr etrDvlpet 1. 6. 72.0 60.0 0.6 5.0 6.0 12.0 0.6 16.0 6.0 – – – – – 5.0 – – 16.0 – – SocialProtectionoftheVulnerable inthePacific GRANT Regional Transport SectorDevelopment SecondRoadImprovement(Sector)(Supplementary) EconomicRecoverySupportProgram(Subprogram 1) GRANTS EconomicRecoverySupportProgram(Subprogram 1) LOAN Samoa Microfinance Expansion GRANT onEetiiainIvsmn rga rnh 4. 1. – 57.3 – 16.4 40.9 Town ElectrificationInvestmentProgram–Tranche 1 Mcoiac xaso – 30 13.0 – 13.0 – Microfinance Expansion LOANS au e una 09 94 . 76.3 6.0 29.4 40.9 Papua NewGuinea Kiribati Ra eaiiain 1. 20.6 12.0 – Road Rehabilitation LOAN Country Table 24 a Excludescofinancingforprojectsapprovedinpreviousyears,technicalassistancegrants,andmultitranchefinancingfacili – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund, OCR=ordinarycapitalresources. ($ million) ae etrIpoeetPorm 26 . – 16.0 – 9.5 1.8 1.8 – 3.4 12.6 9.5 – – – Water SectorImprovementProgram LOAN Palau ImprovedEnergySupplyforPoor Households GRANT PublicSectorProgram(Subprogram1) LOAN Marshall Islands Asian DevelopmentBank Pacific: SovereignApprovalsbyCountry, ability providedtrainingtoFinance The OmnibusInfrastructure (Cook Islands,MarshallandT a 2010

between ADB andthegovernmentworkstoimprove Partnership priorities. Palau state-owned enterprises,andprioritizeinfrastructureneeds. and budgetaryperformance,improvetheservicedeliveryof R Impact ofoperations. the updatedNationalSustainableDevelopment and publicsectormanagement,areascloselyalignedwith 2008, ADB steppedupactivitiesinimprovinginfrastructure Partnership priorities. Nauru na – onga) – OCR ADF Other Sources Total 358. 9. 232.8 92.0 53.5 87.3 2634 16.0 – 12.6 3.4 70 60.677.6 – 17.0 3.0 3.0 – 16.0 – – 16.0 – 12.0 20.6 32.6 . 1.8 11.3 – 9.5 ties. The technicalassistance program The countrypartnership strategy After its reengagement in May After itsreengagementinMay 3.0 Strategy. 32.6 PACIFIC

67 Total a support for infra- Annual Report 2010 Report Annual / >[=[ /6 Technical assistance helped Palau assistance helped Technical The country partnership strategy for Pacific: Cumulative Grants Approved Cumulative Grants Pacific: Total 184.4 1.0 107.4 292.7 107.4 1.0 184.4 Total Regional 8.0 – 3.0 11.0 3.0 – Regional 8.0 Vanuatu – – – – – – – Vanuatu Tuvalu 3.2 – – 3.2 – – 3.2 Tuvalu Tonga 21.3 – – 21.3 – – 21.3 Tonga Timor-Leste 62.0 – 3.0 65.0 – 3.0 62.0 Timor-Leste Solomon Islands 51.3 – 48.1 99.4 Samoa 23.5 1.0 25.2 49.7 25.2 1.0 Samoa 23.5 Papua New Guinea New Guinea Papua 15.0 – 25.4 40.4 Palau – – – – – – – Palau Nauru – – – – – – – Nauru Micronesia, States of Federated – – 1.0 1.0 Marshall Islands – – 1.8 1.8 Kiribati – – – – – – – Kiribati Fiji – – – – – – – Fiji – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. a Excludes cofinancing not administered by ADB. Country ADF Special Funds Cofinancing Funds Other Special 27 Table 2010 as of the end of by Country ($ million) Country ADF Cook Islands – – – – Papua New Guinea Partnership priorities. ment Develop is aligned with the government’s 2011–2015 Strategic Plan 2010–2030 and will scale up expanding as well as structure, including in the power sector, Impact of operations. in km of main roads rehabilitation and upgrade of 117 the Highlands region. It is estimated that approximately @[[[[[ from their communities to markets, schools, and health faci- ADB-supported health and successful An innovative lities. project continued to support private sector participation in Impact of operations. This savings plan. introduce a health insurance and medical assistance Technical has improved health services delivery. budget plans and has also built capacity in ministries’ This has helped the government ment strategy. develop R a, b Total a Pacific: Cumulative Grant Disbursements Cumulative Grant Disbursements Pacific: Pacific: Cumulative Lending and Cumulative Lending Pacific: 1.5 1.6 1.5 c Climate Change Fund (CCF), and Asia Pacific Disaster Response Fund (APDRF). Disaster Response Fund (CCF), and Asia Pacific Climate Change Fund possible. region, excluding regional disbursements under nonsovereign to the Pacific operations. Samoa 175.4 140.2 52.3 7.9 – 49.0 175.4 Samoa Solomon Islands – Timor-Leste 57.8 Tonga 7.8 Tuvalu 51.3 Vanuatu Regional 79.3 65.8 Total 2,298.5 1,481.8 2,298.5 Total – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund. a (PEF), Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami Country ADF Other Special Funds Table 26 Table by Country as of the end of 2010 ($ million) – = nil. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals a Loan component of regional projects distributed to the countries whenever b specific to the region. Includes nonsovereign (public and private) sector loans c The figure reported in 2009 has been adjusted to reflect disbursements specific Country Lending Disbursements 214.5 13.7 2.3 – Lending Country Cook Islands 317.3 Fiji 27.1 Kiribati Marshall Islands States of Micronesia, Federated 5.0 Nauru 16.0 Palau New Guinea Papua 75.1 55.0 48.2 87.6 38.2 1,342.3 74.1 773.9 Table 25 Table of the end of 2010 by Country as Disbursements ($ million) Cook Islands – – – Fiji – – – – Fiji – Kiribati – – – – Kiribati – Marshall Islands – – – Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, Federated – – – Nauru – – – 6.9 – 1.0 Nauru – Samoa 5.9 Palau – – – – 7.2 1.2 11.5 – Palau – – New Guinea Papua – – Solomon Islands – 11.5 Timor-Leste 10.3 7.2 Tonga 1.2 Tuvalu – Vanuatu 11.7 – – 10.3 11.7 Total 54.8 1.0 55.8 7.0 – 1.0 Regional 7.0 54.8 Total public sector effectiveness, facilitate private sector devel- public sector effectiveness, opment, deliver safe water and sanitation services, and manage the threats of climate change. PACIFIC 68 ($ million) 2009–2010 (SovereignandNonsovereign) FIGURE 11 Federated Statesof ($ million) 2009–2010 (SovereignandNonsovereign) FIGURE 9 Papua New GuineaPapua Marshall Islands Solomon Islands Solomon Federated Statesof Papua New GuineaPapua Cook Islands Asian DevelopmentBank Micronesia, Timor-Leste Marshall Islands Solomon Islands Solomon Vanuatu Cook Islands Kiribati Micronesia, Timor-Leste Samoa Tuvalu Nauru Tonga Pacific: ADBLendingbyCountry, Palau Pacific: ADBLoanDisbursementsbyCountry, Regional Vanuatu Fiji Kiribati Samoa Tuvalu Nauru Tonga Palau 06 0 140 100 60 40 0 Fiji 1 40 -10 2009 9.5 10.0 12.0 08 2 160 120 80 20 (0.3) 16.0 16.0 2009 02030 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.4 2010 5.3 6.3 10 2010 10.6 10.0 67.4 70.3 16.7 25.6 27.9 35.4 145.0 ($ million) 2009–2010 (Sovereign) FIGURE 12 a Federated Statesof Papua NewGuinea ($ million) 2009–2010 (SovereignandNonsovereign) FIGURE 10 and AsiaPacific Disaster ResponseFund (APDRF). (ATF), Pakistan Earthquake Fund (PEF),ClimateChangeFund (CCF), Includes grantsfunded byAsianDevelopmentFund (ADF), AsianTsunami Fund Solomon Islands Marshall Islands Federated Statesof Papua New GuineaPapua Cook Islands Timor-Leste Micronesia, Marshall Islands Solomon Islands Solomon Regional Vanuatu Cook Islands Kiribati Samoa Micronesia, Timor-Leste Tuvalu Tonga Nauru Pacific: ADBGrantDisbursementsbyCountry, Palau Regional Pacific: GrantsApprovedbyCountry, Fiji Vanuatu Kiribati Samoa Tuvalu Nauru Tonga Palau Fiji 0204060 2009 1.0 2.0 1.8 3.0 01020 6.0 0.9 2009 1.0 1.0 10.0 1.2 1.5 2.2 2.5 2.6 2010 17.6 3.3 3.9 3.6 5.7 2010 29.0 10.4 49.0 a PACIFIC

69 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Rehabilitation work under the The interim Country Partnership ADB priorities include infrastruc- An overseas scholarship program Partnership priorities. improving continued to focus on Strategy 2009–2011 development. transport infrastructure and private sector Impact of operations. response to the 2007 assistance program (in emergency <` A Province and Choiseul. Western areas in affected Islands franchise shipping project started, and the Solomon became operational. Administration Maritime Safety Fund regulations were gazetted and Transport National Solomon Islands civil works started on Makira under the ADB continued to help the Road Improvement Project. government implement company laws and established the new companies registry. Timor-Leste Partnership priorities. Solomon Islands Timor-Leste support for cross-border linkages between assistance was also approved for Technical and Indonesia. an aid information management system and the facilitation of major infrastructure projects. Impact of operations. of the Ministry of Infrastructure as was initiated for staff for $18 million technical assistance part of the 4-year,

prevention In 2010, ADB approved theADB In 2010, ADB’s country partnership strat- ADB’s Samoa delivering rural health services, including HIV HIV delivering rural health services, including In Samoa, a $28 million ADB loan is helping the nation recover from the financial crisis and 2009 tsunami In Samoa, a $28 million ADB loan is helping the Partnership priorities. Development of egy is aligned with the Strategy for the improved This includes support for Samoa 2008–2012. of infrastructure the removal public services delivery, constraints, and promotion of private sector development. Impact of operations. $16 millionEconomic Recovery Support Program loan of to help Samoa recover from the combined impact of the >[[The program will protect vulnerable groups, including women and the unemployed, by maintaining social services with structuralThe government is continuing expenditure. / >[=[&\ thanks to the drainage work undertaken as part of the Sanita- This supported the installation of tion and Drainage Project. Apia 100 septic tanks, as well as connecting over 100 central customers to a new pressure sewer system. and control. Over 100 rural health facilities have been have been and control. Over 100 rural health facilities testing facilities) and more than improved (40 with HIV the This has enabled workers trained in 2010. 50 health health care services number of patients accessing primary # + fallen by 0.85% in cases among pregnant women has also 2007 and 0.54% in 2010. PACIFIC 70 Partnership priorities. Tonga the capital,Dili,withcivilworksscheduledtostartin2011. 200 kmofnationalroadsandwatersupplyinfrastructurein #"P Preparations continuedfortherehabilitationofmorethan 6< O6 < Z #"< Government of Australia. With ADB assistance,the * the objectivesof theNationalStrategicPlanning Framework. sector. The countrypartnershipstrategyremains infrastructure development, prudent macroeconomicand focuses onpovertyreduction throughintegratedurban W totaled about $3.4 million. totaled about$3.4million. loans attheendofJune2010was$6.5million,anddeposits produced theorganization’sbusinessplan.Thevalueof a soundfinancialposition,saysPat Lisk,theconsultantwho the firstlocallyownedbankinTimor-Leste. quasi banktoafullcommercialbank.ThiswillmakeIMfTL Timor-Leste, whichiscurrentlyupgradingitsstatusfroma 2008, ownershipwastransferredtotheGovernmentof managed MicrofinanceDevelopmentProject.InDecember officer forIMfTL. says throughhisinterpreter, IsaiasPereira Nunes,afieldstaff for others,”40-year-old deAraujo,aformerhoteljanitor, full-time andtwopart-time. and otherhigh-poweredmachines,withsixworkers,four needed tomakehisenterpriseasuccess. nanças deTimor-Leste (IMfTL)provedtobethecatalyst he locally ownedcommercial bank de Timor-Leste becomethecountry’s ﬁrst ADB ishelpingInstituiçãodeMicroﬁnanças Boost forBankinginTimor-Leste After 2 years of independence from donors, IMfTL is in After 2yearsofindependencefromdonors,IMfTLisin IMfTL wasestablishedin2001undertheADB- “Running myownbusinessisfarbetterthan...working Today, thebusinessboastsAustralian-made electricsaws Asian DevelopmentBank in savings.AloanfromInstituiçãodeMicrofi- and joinerybusinessin2002,hehadonly$500 hen ClementodeAraujostartedhiscarpentry ADB’s countrypartnership relevant to relevant to strategy strategy

Samisoni Pareti a medium-termbudgetframework. well assupportingthebudget processthroughdeveloping technical assistancetostrengthen policyandplanning,as continues tosupporteconomicmanagementthrough and healthinresponsetotheglobaleconomiccrisis. ADB a goodstandardofsocialservicestoprimaryeducation disbursed in2010andhelpedthegovernmentmaintain living inNuku’alofaandotherprojectareas. The $5 > to widenroadsandconstructdrainages clear drainagesandcleanstreetsaroundNuku’alofa. Work through provisionofjet/vacuumandstreetsweepertrucksto ment Projectcontributedtoimprovingtheenvironment Impact ofoperations. This factoryisexpanding,thankstoanIMfTLloan into amini-supermarket.” education, andwe’rethinkingofexpandingourbusiness de Jesus.“Nowwe’reabletopayforoursevenchildren’s assistance IMfTLofferssmallbusinesspeoplelikeus,”says The shophasspaciousstorage. space intoanewlyconstructedandself-financed building. an IMfTLloantoexpandthebusiness. and herhusband,JuvinaldeJesus,werethenabletoget learnt ofIMfTL’s microloanscheme,”shesays.DaCosta outskirts ofDili.“ItwasfromthesavingsgroupthatI that fundedhergroceryshopatBecoravillageonthe $50 loanin2004fromawomen’ssavingsgroup borrowers.VirgiadaCostastillremembersherfirst “If it wasn’t for my wife, I would not have known of the “If itwasn’tformywife,Iwouldnothaveknownofthe In 2010,thecouplemovedtheirstorefromrented Women’s groupsarewellrepresentedamong ADB’s IntegratedUrbanDevelop- footpaths has million

PACIFIC 71

Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB continued to improve The Country Partnership Strategy ADB granted $600,000 to the Government of Vanuatu of Vanuatu $600,000 to the Government ADB granted introduce also helped NBV In 2008, ADB funding Stretching NBV’s to give net across the archipelago mobile-phone banking system for rural communitiesmobile-phone banking

A step ahead—Vanuatu borrower Harry Nikiau (left) A step ahead—Vanuatu to improve rural people’s access to financial services. Theto improve rural people’s part of NBV’sgrant, which forms overall rural outreach of a successful project that expanded effort, is an extension services in the island nation fromrural and microfinance and has is establishing more branches 2004 to 2006. NBV working across Vanuatu. 154 microfinance officers a beyond the reach of NBV branches. beyond the reach of NBV is a challengemore people access to the financial system Milo-tin depositsthat Aruhuri says ADB helped resolve. And may soon be a thing of the past. Vanuatu Partnership priorities. 2010–2014 focuses on transport, urban development, and It aims to strengthen the private sector through an energy. and the reform of state-owned enterprises. Impact of operations. institutional framework, reforming company and ] sion’s - bankruptcy laws, modernizing the registry of companies, and establishing a framework for secured transactions. Samisoni Pareti Samisoni

Way to Cash in the Bank in the to Cash Way able strategy deposits southern ADB’s country partnership country ADB’s In 2010, ADB continued to provide In 2010,

Vanuatu island of Tanna for a year, Harry Nikiau for a year, island of Tanna Vanuatu rate his chances. needed a loan but didn’t fter operating his grocery business on the fter operating his grocery

Photos of money damaged from Milo tin Photos of money damaged from Milo “I had just opened my retail shop,” says Nikiau. “I didn’t“I had just opened my to get help from the for Nikiau, he was able Fortunately many who— Borrowers like Nikiau are steps ahead of the banking“There seems to be a lot of appreciation for Backyard Stash Gives Gives Stash Backyard bring national bank Vanuatu’s ADB has helped communities to remote services and credit in empty tins of Milo, a chocolate flavored health drink,in empty tins of Milo, a chocolate flavored which they bury near their houses.

have a lot of assets to show as collateral.”have a lot of assets to its which was expanding (NBV), National Bank of Vanuatu in remote islands, and took his firstmicrofinance services loan in 1993. banks and vastconfronted with the scarcity of local money distances to branches—often resort to depositing financial literacywere published in a manual for a in May 2010. An education program launched by NBV Commonwealthprogram, sponsored by ADB and the business andSecretariat, is teaching people to use better banking practices. says John Aruhuri, head of advice and education we offer,” the logic now understand “People rural banking for NBV. one has to firstof saving, and that in order to access credit, open a bank account.” A and supporting reforms of public enterprises. Impact of operations. Partnership priorities. to help the government respond public enterprises reforms This focus will also ensure to the global economic crisis. that policy makers are better able to respond to future Tuvalu National Strategy for Sustain Tuvalu’s is aligned with The country partnership strategy Development 2005–2015. external shocks. CHAPTER 10

Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, SOUTH ASIA Nepal, Sri Lanka

ADB’s operations in South Asia aimed for greater development impact by mainstreaming climate change adaptation and mitigation into project design, and by greater emphasis on gender and private sector participation. In addition, ADB implemented important initiatives that boosted regional cooperation. SOUTH ASIA 73 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual indicators of Millennium Development Goalsindicators of Millennium equality, indicators on gender (MDGs), namely, prevalence,HIV prevalence, tuberculosis ozone-depleting protected areas, forest cover, and safe drinking water. substance consumption, India, the Maldives, and has improved, and or likely to exceed the Sri Lanka are on track much remains to be done MDGs. However, in in other South Asian countries, particularly relation to primary education cycle completion. education through the Second Primary Education Development Program (PEDP II), which began in 2003. The program’s thrust is to address andshortcomings that lead to poor achievement II, thehigh dropout rates. A follow-on to PEDP isThird Primary Education Development Project, at an advanced stage of preparation to support andreduced disparities, higher cycle completion, better student achievement. program helped bring significant improvements Netin quality and access to basic education. enrollment rate in primary education increased Schoolfrom 72.4% in 2004 to 93.7% in 2009. sincefacilities have been continuously upgraded 2001, and the percentage of trained teachers has increased almost threefold. water and basic sanitation continues to be important for ADB’s operation in South Asia. Rural In Bangladesh, the Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Project provided 180 villagers Water In Nepal, the Small Towns with tap water. Supply and Sanitation Sector Project brought a clean, 24-hour supply of drinking water to nearly 2,000 households. In Sri Lanka, the Third Supply and Sanitation Sector Project gave Water 1.4 million people better services. Progress of the MDGs of Progress in South Asia good progress on seven South Asia has made in primary school enrollment Performance In Bangladesh, ADB is helping revitalize ADB’s support for the Education for All In Nepal, Providing sustainable access to safe drinking The Bangladesh Strategic for Climate Resilience Program in the is the ﬁrst such program world endorsed by the Climate Change Investment Fund

member countries.

through projects such as the highly complex through projects such as the highly complex to build Multipurpose Bridge Project Padma Bangladesh’s longest bridge, a sustainable capital urban transport project in the Nepalese Kathmandu, and projects to improve energy energy efficiency in India and bring renewable Lanka to rural areas in Bhutan. Projects in Sri and helped advance the reconstruction of north eastern provinces of to climate-change impacts and the fostering Funds green growth. The Climate Investment for endorsed the Bangladesh Strategic Program Climate Resilience with $110 million allocated is the for climate-resilient development, which first such program in the world Cooperation framework, the approval of the India–Bangladesh energy project accelerated regional cooperation and integration mainstreaming and cofinancing in South Asia Department projects enhance opportunities for private investment in the subregion’s fast-growing market economies; and continued promotion of private sector development was achieved by efforts to set up institutional frameworks, build capacity, and make use of public–private partnerships he South Asia Department delivered an innova- he South program strategic, and substantive assistance tive, challenges at the most critical development targeted

HIGHLIGHTS schemes continued Delivery of innovative in project design was paid Continued attention Under the South Asia Subregional Economic Significant enhancements were made to gender Substantial contributions were made to of developing

PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT totaled $2.62 billion in 2010 while Loan disbursement T $2.68 billion. contract awards and commitments reached OVERVIEW SOUTH ASIA 74 total national projectswithsubstantialregional implications *?[ ing andgrantprogramofabout $1.3billion,consistingof plan forSouth Asia (2011–2013) hasanindicativelend- initiatives supportedby ADB. *\&" advancing regionalcooperationandimplementingregion- and tosetupworkinggroupscoordinatewith ADB on on transport,energy, andtradefacilitationaspriorityareas 12–13 August 2010.Participatingcountriesagreedto focus Vision forSharedProsperity:South Asia andBeyondon ADB hostedthesecondHigh-LevelForumonEmerging REGIONAL COOPERATION b Includesclosedgrantsthathadcontractawardsordisbursementsduringtheyear. IncludesgrantsfundedbyAsianTsunami Fund (ATF), Pakistan EarthquakeFunda (PEF),ClimateChangeFund (CCF),andAsiaPacif Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. )=negative,ADFAsianDevelopment Fund. – =nil,( No. and SpecialFunds Resources, Table 29 Contract of Commitments Awards/

agaeh 0700 . . – 2.31.2 – 0.70.0 1 Bangladesh Country ea 2 3. 3. 3. 2. – 6.3 31.3126.0 36.3139.1 23 Nepal Maldives 1 India – Bhutan 6 0.0 0.1 4.5 0.2 21.8 4.2 (0.8) 17.6 2.7 0.4 4.6 16.6 – – – 100.0 – – r ak 5 . 17 634. 20.0 26.341.4 20.0 9.811.7 5 Sri Lanka oa 3 5. 7. 7. 9. 2.8 10.3 79.4190.2 51.4177.0 36 Total

No. Table 28 Contract of Commitments Awards/ a Includesclosedloansthathadcontractawardsordisbursementsduringtheyear. Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. – =nil. Bangladesh 56 Country 458.1 1,209.4 469.1 1,068.0 3.6 – India 67 Bhutan 6 8.9 1,856.0 75.6 1,657.1 41.5 1,699.0 31.0 1,339.8 – 4.5 16.7 5.7 Nepal 16 Maldives 6 98.0 21.0 6.9 94.0 25.9 80.1 5.3 73.5 – – 55.6 5.9 r ak 3 207 5. 384 4. 27 15.0 2.7 245.6 308.4 157.4 240.7 37 Sri Lanka Total 188 2,682.7 3,200.5 2,624.1 2,763.2 3.2 8.7 ing $670million. Ten of theprojectsareintransport ADB’s regional cooperationoperationsbusiness Asian DevelopmentBank South Asia:Portfolio Performance IndicatorsforGrantsfromADF South Asia:Portfolio Performance Indicatorsfor SovereignLending,2009–2010 a f3 e 00 ( ilo) $mlin ( ilo) $mlin () (%) (%) ($million) ($million) ($million) ($million) (as of31Dec2010) a f3 e 00 ( ilo) $mlin ( ilo) $mlin () (%) (%) ($million) ($million) ($million) ($million) (as of31Dec2010) Ongoing Grants a 2009–2010 Ongoing Loans 0020 21 09 2010 20102009 2009 20102009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 reduction. ment thatleads tobalancedregionalgrowth andpoverty Asian marketsandtoincrease opportunitiesfordevelop- such asthisistohelpthecontinued expansionofSouth on regionaltransportconnectivity. The vision formeetings Bangladesh, Bhutan,India,and Nepaltoexchangeviews in NortheasternSouth Asia. This providedaforumfor meeting inDhaka,Bangladesh,on Transport Connectivity of power. Bangladesh andtheeasterngridofIndiaforexchange a cross-borderlinkbetweenthewesternelectricalgridof Electrical GridInterconnectionProject. This will establish are inenergy. and informationcommunicationtechnologythree Toward the endof2010, ADB convenedaregional In August 2010, ADB approvedtheBangladesh–India a, b a Disbursements Disbursements ic DisasterResponseFund (APDRF). a, b a GrantsatRisk LoansatRisk SOUTH ASIA 75 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ties. – 120.0 – 120.0 – 21.6 27.9 6.3 – 262.5 290.8 28.3 – 26.4 – 26.4 OCR ADF Other Sources Total Sources Other OCR ADF 300.0 – – 300.0 800.0 449.0 1,700.9 2,949.9 1,700.9 800.0 449.0 350.0 107.2 44.0 501.2 2,119.6 – 2,125.6 6.0 3,269.6 840.3 1,785.5 5,895.3 2010 a South Asia: Sovereign Approvals by Country, Sovereign Approvals South Asia: – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund, OCR = ordinary capital resources. – = nil, ADF = Asian Development Fund, a Excludes cofinancing for projects approved in previous years, technical assistance grants, and multitranche financing facili Country Table 30a Table ($ million) Bangladesh LOANS Grid Interconnection Bangladesh–India Electrical – 100.0 – 100.0 City Region Development Natural Gas Access Improvement Natural Gas Access Improvement 261.0 5.0 45.0 311.0 Padma Multipurpose Bridge Multipurpose Padma 539.0 76.0 1,640.0 2,255.0 Second Crop Diversification Second Crop Diversification – 40.0 – 40.0 Strengthening Governance Management Strengthening Governance – 25.0 – 25.0 Subregional Transport Project Preparatory Facility Project Preparatory Facility Subregional Transport – 23.0 – 23.0 Sustainable Rural Infrastructure Improvement Sustainable Rural Infrastructure – 60.0 15.9 75.9 Bhutan GRANTS Livelihood Farmers’ Roads to Support Poor Farm – – 3.0 3.0 Rural Renewable Energy Development – 21.6 0.3 21.9 Upgrading Schools and Integrated Disaster Education Upgrading Schools and Integrated Disaster Education LOANS 1 Program – Tranche Agribusiness Infrastructure Development Investment 67.6 – – – – 3.0 67.6 3.0 India Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management Investment Program – Tranche 1 Investment Program – Tranche Assam Integrated Flood and Riverbank Erosion Risk Management 56.9 – – 56.9 Assam Power Sector Enhancement Investment Program – Tranche 2 Sector Enhancement Investment Program – Tranche Assam Power 89.7 – – 89.7 Bihar Power System Improvement Bihar Power 132.2 – – 132.2 Bihar State Highways II Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Development Investment Program – Tranche 3 Program – Tranche Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Development Investment 208.0 – – 208.0 Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism – Tranche 1 – Tranche Tourism Infrastructure Development Investment Program for 43.4 – – 43.4 Karnataka State Highways Improvement 315.0 – – 315.0 Madhya Pradesh Power Sector Investment Program – Tranche 6 Sector Investment Program – Tranche Madhya Pradesh Power 69.0 – – 69.0 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise Development 50.0 – – 50.0 National Capital Region Urban Infrastructure Financing Facility – Tranche 1 – Tranche Facility National Capital Region Urban Infrastructure Financing 78.0 – – 78.0 North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program – Tranche 2 Tranche North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program – 123.0 – – 123.0 Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Investment Program – Tranche 3 – Tranche Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Investment Program 63.0 – – 63.0 Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program – Tranche 5 Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program – Tranche 222.2 – – 222.2 Second India Infrastructure Tranche Financing Facility – Tranche 2 – Tranche Financing Facility Second India Infrastructure Tranche 250.0 – – 250.0 Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program – Tranche 1 Program – Tranche Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment 51.6 – – 51.6 GRANTS Maharashtra Access to Market in Bihar and Improving Small Farmers’ – – 3.0 3.0 Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women’s Empowerment Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women’s – – 3.0 3.0 Nepal LOANS Kathmandu Sustainable Urban Transport – 10.0 – 10.0 Rural Finance Sector Development Cluster Program (Subprogram 2) – 60.4 – 60.4 Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Secondary Towns – 60.0 17.0 77.0 Subregional Transport Enhancement Subregional Transport – 24.5 – 24.5 GRANTS Community Irrigation Detailed Engineering Study for the Upper Seti Hydropower – 2.5 – 2.5 Governance Support Program (Subprogram 1) (Supplementary) – – 8.8 8.8 Kathmandu Sustainable Urban Transport Kathmandu Sustainable Urban Transport – 10.0 2.5 12.5 Raising Incomes of Small and Medium Farmers Raising Incomes of Small and Medium Farmers – 20.1 – 20.1 Rural Finance Sector Development Cluster Program (Subprogram 2) – 12.1 – 12.1 Subregional Transport Enhancement Subregional Transport – 24.5 – 24.5 Transport Project Preparatory Facility Project Preparatory Facility Transport – 12.0 – 12.0 Sri Lanka LOANS Conflict-Affected Region Emergency 150.0 – – 150.0 Fiscal Management Efficiency 50.0 – – 50.0 Jaffna and Kilinochchi Water Supply and Sanitation Jaffna and Kilinochchi Water 20.0 70.0 40.0 130.0 North East Community Restoration and Development Project II (Supplementary) – 12.8 – 12.8 Northern Road Connectivity 130.0 24.4 – 154.4 GRANTS Livelihood Restoration Emergency Assistance for Post-Conflict in the North of Resettled Internally Displaced People – – 2.5 2.5 Conflict-Affected Region Emergency – – 1.5 1.5 Total Total SOUTH ASIA 76 Total 770.8 274.5 984.0 2,029.3 r ak 5. 142 4. 351.3 144.9 154.2 52.2 Sri Lanka Nepal 603.3 0.3 78.5 682.0 Total – India – 250.0 250.0 – – – – – – 250.0 250.0 ir,Sal n eimEtrrs eeomn – 5. – – 250.0 – – – 250.0 – Micro, Small,andMediumEnterpriseDevelopment Maldives – 1.0 20.0 21.0 a Excludescofinancingforprojectsapprovedinpreviousyears,technicalassistancegrants,andtradefinanceprogram. – =nil,OCRordinarycapitalresources. Country Loans Table 30b Guarantees Investments Equity Project Commercial Total ExcludescofinancingnotadministeredbyADB. a – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund. Country ADF ($ million) Special by Countryasoftheend2010 Table 32a Other Funds b Includesnonsovereign(publicandprivate)sectorloansspecifictotheregion. a Loancomponentofregionalprojectsdistributedtothecountrieswheneverpossible. Cofinancing Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. Bangladesh 12,134.3 Country Lending ($ million) Disbursements byCountryasoftheend2010 Table 31 Disbursements 8,393.2 India – Bhutan 105.3 10.5 – Bangladesh 10.0 100.0 115.8 71.3 677.9 687.9 – 171.3 ($ million) r ak 5127 3,723.1 5,142.7 Total 44,437.3 Sri Lanka Nepal 2,628.6 Maldives 152.8 India 24,122.7 Bhutan 256.1 29,688.3 1,857.3 110.2 15,415.3 189.1 Total 276.4 259.0 535.4 Bhutan 25.0 Bangladesh 5.9 – 25.0 5.9 – r ak 1. 119 158.4 141.9 16.5 Sri Lanka Nepal 229.0 Maldives – India – 17.1 17.1 100.0 – 100.0 229.0 Includesgrants fundedbyAsianTsunami Fund (ATF), Pakistan EarthquakeFund (PEF), a – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund. Country ADF ($ million) Disbursements byCountryasoftheend2010 Special Table 32b Other Funds Climate ChangeFund (CCF),andAsiaPacific Disaster ResponseFund (APDRF). Asian DevelopmentBank South Asia:CumulativeLendingand South Asia:CumulativeGrantsApproved South Asia:NonsovereignApprovalsbyCountry, South Asia:CumulativeGrant a Total a Total a,b OCR Cofinancing a ($ million) ($ million) (Sovereign andNonsovereign) ADB LendingbyCountry,2009–2010 FIGURE 13 (Sovereign andNonsovereign) Grants ApprovedbyCountry,2009–2010 FIGURE 14 2010 Bangladesh Bangladesh Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Maldives Maldives Bhutan Bhutan Nepal Nepal India India South Asia: South Asia: 01010200 150 100 50 0 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 36.5 2.0 2009 2009 4.0 6.0 154.9 14.5 172.8 27.6 330.0 457.2 38.8 2010 2010 58.5 1,027.9 1,249.0 118.9 1,811.0 2,119.6 172.8 SOUTH ASIA 77 126.0 41.4 31.3 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 26.3 17.6 16.6 4.6 1.2 2.3 The introduction of electricity in 2.7 The Country Partnership Strategy, The Country Partnership Strategy, 0.4 2010 (0.8) 2009–2010 (Sovereign) 2009–2010 a 2009 South Asia: Grant Disbursements Grant Disbursements South Asia: -50 0 50 100 150 India Nepal Bhutan Maldives Sri Lanka Bangladesh FIGURE 16 FIGURE 16 by Country, Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Fund Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (CCF), Change Fund (PEF), Climate Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), (APDRF). Disaster Response Fund and Asia Pacific ($ million) a Bhutan Partnership priorities. operations for the ADB’s 2006–2010, continued to guide Five-Year Tenth remainder of the Government of Bhutan’s Plan, covering 2008–2013. It aims to promote broad-based economic growth, inclusive social development, and good governance through improvements in transport and energy, The country assistance program evaluation private sectors. >[=[ Strategy 2020 and the government’s ADB’s strategy with current 5-year plan. Impact of operations. rural areas through a series of projects helped thousands of people and micro industries and also made education The Road Network Project increased more accessible. passenger and freight transport by connecting the main Indian border at to the Trongsa east–west highway at per day to the country’s less developed western region. The region. less developed western per day to the country’s Project contributed Road Maintenance and Improvement important south– to cutting bottlenecks on the strategically people to the port east road corridor and connected rural city of Chittagong. 1,858.1 1,551.7 1,068.0 2010 Under its program for 2011–2013, Under its program for 2011–2013, Under the ADB-assisted Teaching Teaching ADB-assisted Under the 469.1 308.4 253.0 80.1 73.5 2009 41.5 31.0 29.4 9.3 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 South Asia: ADB Loan Disbursements ADB Loan Disbursements South Asia: India Nepal Bhutan Maldives Sri Lanka Bangladesh Ten loans totaling $1.25 billion were approved in Ten FIGURE 15 FIGURE 15 and Nonsovereign) 2009–2010 (Sovereign by Country, ($ million) Bangladesh Partnership priorities. COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS COUNTRY growth that is ADB will strengthen its focus on economic regional and on inclusive and environmentally sustainable, private to deepen cooperation and integration. Efforts operations and to promote public–private partner- sector pursued. In 2010, ships in key infrastructure sectors will be country partnership ADB also initiated preparation of the strategy for 2011–2015. ADB secured Bank, World 2010. In partnership with the million from the Climate Investment Funds for the $110 partner- ADB’s climate-resilient development. country’s Bank, Japan International Coopera- World ship with the and the Islamic Development Bank is helping Agency, tion mobilize substantial resources needed for building the Padma Multipurpose Bridge. Impact of operations. Quality Improvement in Secondary Education Project, as of June 2010, 295,000 teachers were trained using modern ## Development Project is building a 353-kilometer (km) gas pipeline to take about 360 million cubic feet of natural gas SOUTH ASIA has helpedtocreate employmentopportunities. Ithasalso Chhattisgarh andMadhyaPradesh. Betterconnectivity 9,757 kmofall-weatherroads connectingruralareasin Project (2003–2009), ADB supportedconstructionof Impact ofoperations. low-carbon growthpath. energy, includingsolarpower, tohelpIndiamovealonga also increasingsupportforthedev elopment ofrenewable alize keyprioritiesofthe National Water Mission. ADB is provided tothe Ministry of Water Resourcestooperation- ment inanumberofstates. Technical assistanceisbeing Karnataka; andimprove management instates,suchasHimachalPradeshand sub-basins; support forintegratedwaterresources manage of strategiestomainstreamadaptationconcernsinthe issues. Work toachievethishasincludedthepreparation continues to for microenterprises, andtourismdevelopment. ADB \ agribusiness infrastructure,coastalzonemanagement, and focusingonnewchallengingsectors,suchas private–public partnership elementsintoprojectdesign, showcased innovativeapproaches,suchas incorporating respectively. A numberofprojects approved in2010 ments reachedrecordlevelsof$1.8billionand$1.7 billion, sovereign operationswhilecontractawardsanddisburse- Loan approvalexceeded$2billionnot including non- highs inloanapprovalsandportfolioperformance2010. environmentally sustainable. The Indiaprogramsetnew support India’s efforts inmakinggrowthinclusiveand Partnership Strategy2009–2011, ADB continuedto Partnership priorities. India schools ineasternBhutan. Y/6<" vice, offered bybanks.Under aJapanFundforPoverty - particularly inlicensingnewbanks. This ledtoimprove- Royal Monetary Authority tostrengthenitscapacity, Financial Sector DevelopmentProgramhelpedBhutan’s Gelephu, andexpandedaccessibilityinruralareas. The 78 ment oftheCauvery, Chambal, andSatlujriver Asian DevelopmentBank support Indiainaddressingclimatechange Through theRural Roads ments tocoastalzonemanage- As emphasizedinthe Country Sector I

into a$311 millionsurplusby2008/09. ?>>[[[@ Management SectorDevelopmentProgram(2004–2007) Karnataka. The Assam Governance andPublicResource improve transparencyandaccountabilityin47townsof 10 coastaltowns.Italsosupportedcapacitybuildingto plants, andimprovebasicurbanfacilitiesservicesin < ADB helpedtoincreasedrinkingwatersupplies,expand Coastal EnvironmentalManagementProject(1999–2009), transmission losses. substations, whichhasledtoasubstantialreductionin also fundedconstructionofseveraltransmissionlinesand Board intosixcompaniesaccordingtotheir function. ADB Regulatory CommissionandrestructuretheStateElectricity (2001–2007) helpedtoestablishtheStateElectricity The MadhyaPradeshPowerSectorDevelopmentProject maternal and infantdeaths,andprimaryschoolattendance. been associatedwithimprovementinindi cators, suchas enter prise development,energy, andthetransport sector. half ofthestrategyperiodweresmallandmedium private partnerships.Specialareasoffocusinthe second assist ing privatesectordevelopment throughpublic– management, improvingdevelopmenteffectiveness, and ing humanresourcescapacity, strengtheningeconomic Strategy 2007–2011, ADB operationsfocusonincreas- Partnership priorities. The Maldives expand micro, small,andmedium-sized enterprises. Sector Development technical assistanceloanhelped Transport Projectwillimproveconnectivity. A Private ment inthreeislands,while theDomesticMaritime water supply, sanitationservices,andsolidwastemanage- Regional DevelopmentProject(PhaseII)willimprove access toinformationinremoteatolls. The ongoing Information Technology Development Projectimproved Project provided19islandswithpowersupplies,andthe Impact ofoperations. structural reforms. helping thegovernmentimplementmacroeconomic Under theEconomicRecoveryProgramloan, ADB is Through theKarnatakaUrbanDevelopmentand X X # Under theCountryPartnership

SOUTH ASIA

79 planning and budgeting. Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB is one of nine partners that Joint initiatives by ADB and the World Bank helped Bank helped World ADB and the Joint initiatives by and climate change checklists, as well as governance risk and climate change checklists, as well ensure to efforts ADB has also been leading assessments. resilience to disas- that education sector reforms address <\ systems, procurement improve and modernize the country’s ADB and other development partners policies, and practices. resilience into core development ADB approved eight projects amounting to In 2010, approved $262.5 million in loans and grants. It also 18 technical assistance grants for $10.42 million. About 18 technical assistance grants for $10.42 million. ?={> projects on urban transport and the urban environment. Impact of operations. All Education for have helped implement the government’s The program has brought education to those who program. schooling, have traditionally enjoyed fewer opportunities for including girls, low-caste Dalit children, and members of indigenous communities and religious minorities. Nepal’s tional ca- promoting vulnerability to external shocks. Nepal is in the midst of a historic Nepal is in the midst of a Nepal Partnership priorities. Implementation of the Economic Recovery Program and Implementation of the Economic Recovery December 2009 facilitates technical assistance approved in economic distortions and underlying reforms to correct to sustainable medium-term footing put the economy on a growth and reducing its While this poses an opportunity for the transformation. ADB’s The thrust of standing development challenges. " Country Partnership Strategy 2010–2012 is to help Nepal sustain hard-won gains of its peace process by broad-based inclusive economic growth and social ment, improved governance and institu develop adaptation and environ- as well as climate change pacity, partnership strategy is The country mental sustainability. peace and development aspira- supporting the country’s ADB inter- tions by mainstreaming peace-building in all ventions and is implementing disaster risk management ADB-supported people programs are generating fresh opportunities for Nepalese SOUTH ASIA 80 Partnership priorities. Sri Lanka ship Strategyfor2009–2011, ADB projectssupported < Project providedsafewaterto510,000peoplein29towns, The Small Towns Water SupplyandSanitationSector to eradicatewaterborneandsanitation-relateddiseases. sanitation facilitiesandraisehealthhygienepractices tor helpedexpandcoverageofimprovedwatersupplyand W on easterndistrictsofTrincomalee, Batticaloa,and nities—Sinhalese, Tamils, andMuslims—andisfocused at home. says, becausetheyareincreasingly abletoearnaliving Batticaloa. Fewer womenarenowgoingabroad,she en’s ruraldevelopmentsocietythatmanagesloansin to ourvillage,”saysJesmineZubair, treasurerofawom- employed inmenialjobs. 50%–60% arewomen,mostlyfromruralcommunities, more than1.5millionworkintheMiddleEast.Some choice tostayhome.OfSriLanka’s20millionpeople, Project since2005havegivenwomenlikeKhadeejamore supported NorthEastCoastalCommunityDevelopment plans. It’sagreatopportunity.” merly war-affected east.“Theprojecthelpedchangemy Kattankudy, intheBatticaloadistrictofSri Lanka’sfor- of herdecisiontotakealoanandstayathomein credit projectchangedherlife. about cheaploansandskillstrainingprovidedbyamicro- by warandcalamity opportunities tomovebeyondapastravaged in SriLanka’s coastalcommunities eastern An ADB-supportedproject isgivingvillagers Women’s Lives Home Work OptionsRevolutionize ADB’s supporttothewatersupplyandsanitation sec- The projectcaterstoallSri Lanka’s maincommu- “This microcreditprogramhasbroughtmajorchange Microfinance andskillstrainingprovidedbytheADB- “It’s thebestmoveImade,”saysKhadeeja,49, Asian DevelopmentBank domestic workerinQatar, achancediscussion ed returningforhereighthtourofdutyasa hen Packeer MohamedKhadeejacontemplat-

In linewiththeCountryPartner-

A A Bawa households, improvetheirlivelihoods. 2005 tohelpSriLankans,particularlywomenwhohead commu conflict thatendedin2009. eastern provincesaffectedbythethreedecadesofcivil the government’srehabilitationprograminnorthernand was runintandemwithanotherprojectthatis to restorelivelihoodsinfishingandfarming. aims tomeetbasicneeds.Someofthefundingishelping headed bywomen.Thecommunitydevelopmentproject a bareminimum,andresultedinmanyhouseholdsbeing tsunami destroyedinfrastructure,reducedlivelihoodsto Ampara,wheredecadesofconflictandthe2004 Sri Lanka. ]Z* Project. A $50millionloanwasapprovedin2010forthe and $90millionfortheJaffna Water SupplyandSanitation $154 millionfortheNorthernRoadConnectivityProject Project II. North EastCommunityRestorationandDevelopment provided $12.8millioninsupplementaryfundingforthe in emergency assistanceforreconstruction. ADB also directed attheNorthernProvince,including$150 million and watersupplies.Mostof ADB’s assistance in2010was Microloans arehelpingSriLankans shapetheirownlivelihoods Microcredit has helped transform many coastal Microcredit hashelpedtransformmanycoastal The $28.4millionproject,whichclosedinNovember, ADB provided two loans to projects in the north: ADB providedtwoloanstoprojectsinthenorth: nities, with $2.4 million in loans distributed since nities, with$2.4millioninloansdistributedsince continuing continuing SOUTH ASIA

81 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual To date, 10 research institutes in four countries— date, 10 To whenSeven studies reached the targeted audience

committee, constituted under the RETA, that decides that under the RETA, committee, constituted funded.whether they can be and Sri Lanka—have partici- Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sixteen studies have been approved pated in the RETA. !"#$" Financial Crisis. Third South Asiathey were presented to the Second and 2009 and 2010.Economic Summits, held in December of Research studies financed by ADB were discussed at the Second Research studies financed by ADB were discussed South Asia Economic Summit Agency for International Development. ADB’s assistance ADB’s Agency for International Development. " & \" Y*>[[[ ADB helped draft the Through a technical assistance, Adaptation Strategy for Sri Lanka. National Climate Change Arun Kumar Arun

steering assistance Restoration ADB continued to provide

institutes and think tanks in South Asia, enablinginstitutes and think from experience in country- knowledge gained DB’s network serves as a vital link for researchDB’s network serves

This is done by creating strong networks amongThis is done by creating strong networks South AsiaThrough two research networks, the One example of such knowledge-sharing work isOne example of such knowledge-sharing Regional Technical Assistance (RETA) 6417: Supporting Assistance (RETA) Regional Technical in South Tanks Network of Research Institutes and Think program aims to promote regional econo- Asia. The RETA knowledgemic cooperation and integration by enabling generated andon contemporary policy issues to be shared. countriesresearch institutes in ADB’s developing member interactionin South Asia, and facilitating dynamic and thebetween them through studies, workshops, thedissemination of information. By encouraging and keyexchange of information between academia supports faster transmission of policy makers, the RETA research to policy application. Studies and the South Asia Network of Center for Policy are sub- Economic Research Institutes, research proposals by a mitted by member institutes and evaluated specific and regional settings to be spread widely. specific and regional settings to be spread ADB plays a growing role in South Asia as a in South role ADB plays a growing knowledge generationnetwork for enabling and ﬁndings research and disseminating A Vital Knowledge for Conduit that can be used experiences on-the-ground challenges to solve development A in Sri Lanka’s road sector development. ADB also gave road sector development. in Sri Lanka’s families livelihood grants to more than 30,000 resettled This was in the northern and eastern parts of the country. the North East Community administered through /* Impact of operations. CHAPTER 11

Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, SOUTHEAST the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, ASIA Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam

Transport and energy connectivity for inclusive growth, ﬁ nancial and capital market integration, water supply and sanitation, improved education, and environmental sustainability are areas of focus for ADB in Southeast Asia. ADB provided signiﬁ cant inputs to an Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) master plan on connectivity launched in October, while preparations began for a new memorandum of understanding for 2011−2015 with the ASEAN Secretariat. SOUTHEAST ASIA 83 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual $3.5 billion; technical assistance projects$3.5 billion; technical million, 55% of whichamounted to $35.9 and provisionsought capacity development services at the countryof policy and advisory and cofinancing for loans,and regional levels; assistance projects sharplygrants, and technical increased to $365 million. Republic, Democratic Indonesia, the Lao People’s Nam were underthe Philippines, and Viet preparation to further align the project pipeline andwith Strategy 2020 and national priorities Resultsto better monitor contributions to ADB’s and the Millennium DevelopmentFramework MalaysiaGoals. A new partnership framework with and with the ASEAN Secretariat was under preparation. Greater Mekong Subregion, Brunei Darussalam– Indonesia–Malaysia–Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area, and Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand was further strengthened to Growth Triangle thesupport connectivity and trade, making countries more competitive. ADB facilitated theproject development and progress toward Fund. establishment of the ASEAN Infrastructure of projectcontinued to be strengthened. The use atreadiness filters increased to ensure quality quality control system to and an internal entry, improve design and monitoring frameworks and measures to improve institutional efficiency performance was were put in place. Portfolio monitored closely. services generated from operations was systemized—as was access to them—to allow for effective use by ADB and its clients. HIGHLIGHTS and grants reached Sovereign and nonsovereign partnership strategies for Cambodia, Country cooperation and integration in the Subregional and implementation Project processing Dissemination of knowledge products and Z Y toward the achievement of an integrated GMS railway system. On the software side, a comprehensive Program of Facilitation in the GMS, Trade and Transport Actions for ADB helped ADB assistance, was adopted. prepared with develop strategic road maps for the second phases of the The prep- GMS programs for environment and agriculture. Z]<>[=>%>[>>

ratings

the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),the Millennium Development DB operations in Southeast Asia emphasized inno- Asia emphasized DB operations in Southeast

Assistance increasingly turned to core areas of opera- Assistance increasingly The portfolio continued to achieve satisfactory ADB continued supporting connectivity enhance- %# project in the Philippines aimed atof a social protection also broke new ground. poorest families helping the nation’s of Strategy 2020 and to the achievement ADB’s tion under progress oncountry priorities that contributed to making and middle-incomeMDGs. Partnership with non-borrowing and a strength- countries in the subregion was strengthened, partners resulted inening of relationships with development `/6 *?{[ the Government ofcontributed by the European Union and capacity develop- Australia, to facilitate analytical work and in Indonesia.ment toward modernizing the education system - <- and innovation. tions was systemized to promote learning and implementation toward the greatest possible impact.and implementation sector nonsovereign operationsLending through public as a result of timely action on project implementation as a result of timely action on project ADB and the ASEAN Secretariat started preparations for a ADB and the >[==%>[={ the inte- partnership framework, focusing on connectivity, < ADB provided inputs to the Master Plan on sustainability. ASEAN ASEAN Connectivity launched during the 17th and was featured Nam, Viet Summit in October in Ha Noi, in the master plan as the main development institution ADB Asia. supporting subregional programs in Southeast ASEAN member states on accelerated consultations with ASEAN Infrastructure Fund. the establishment of an ment in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) through projects to complete the transport base of economic corridors and by developing the Strategic Framework for REGIONAL COOPERATION REGIONAL COOPERATION A OVERVIEW SOUTHEAST ASIA 84 nectivity projects worth$5.2billion,which ADB helped - =[ Z#%# # the next5yearstorealizesubregion’s strategicgoals. countries agreedtoformulatean implementationblueprintfor 6Z%Y/>[[M>[=[ progress onprojectdevelopment. With continuedrelevanceof 6Z% tion withdevelopmentpartnerswerealsocontinued. Ha Noi, Viet Nam.Initiativestofurtherimprovecoordina- up atthe16thGMSMinisterialConferencein August in also gotunderway. These strategicproductswere taken TheLaoPeople’s DemocraticRepublic. Indonesia. Cambodia. Progress oftheMDGsinSoutheastAsia Leaders oftheIndonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth The BruneiDarussalam–Indonesia–Malaysia–Philippines in primary education. The Basic Education (Girls) in primaryeducation.TheBasicEducation(Girls) assistance contributedtoreachingtheMDGtarget provision of mother and child health care. provision ofmotherandchildhealthcare. Decentralized HealthServicesProjectimprovedthe access tosanitationfacilitiesforthepoor. The approval in2011,whichwillaimtobringbetter Empowerment (PNPM)MandiriProject,setfor Support totheNationalProgramforCommunity (iii) theUrbanSanitationandRuralInfrastructure poor neighborhoodsofMedanandYogyakarta; and will improvecityseweragesystemsandhygienein Sanitation ManagementandHealthProject,which water supplyinruralareas;(ii)theMetropolitan Health Project,whichisincreasingaccesstosafe through (i)theCommunityWater Servicesand drinking waterandbasicsanitationisbeingmade several projects.ProgressontheMDGsafe to accelerateachievementoftheMDGsthrough positively impactonpublichealth. An integratedapproachtowaterandsanitationwill and 290,000willhaveimprovedsanitationby2015. further 370,000peoplewillgainaccesstosafewater second phaseoftheprojectapprovedin2009,a access todurableandhygieniclatrines.Throughthe of drinkingwaterandnearlyaquartermillion half amillionpeopleaccesstoanimprovedsource and SanitationSectorProjecthasprovidedabout latrines in2008.TheTonle SapRuralWater Supply of drinkingwaterandlessthan23%hadaccessto population, whereonly42%hadanimprovedsource and sanitationtoincreaseservicecoverageoftherural Millennium DevelopmentGoal(MDG)targetsinwater Asian DevelopmentBank ADB is helping achieve Cambodia’s ADBishelpingachieveCambodia’s ADB is supporting government efforts ADB issupportinggovernmentefforts ADB’s ADB’s VietNam. ThePhilippines. Z%# Y Z#%# 2007–2011 anditsbusinessprocesseswascompleted. to identifydevelopment needsandstrategies; knowledge work underwaywithinitscurrent cycleofoperations. This <`< rationalize andsystemizeits knowledge work. The frame- a knowledgemanagementframeworkandactionplanto ADB’s Southeast Asia Department(SERD)introduced KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT strengthening publicadministration. health services,reformingthefinancesector, and providing betterandmoreaccessibleeducation infrastructure, acceleratingruraldevelopment, and knowledgeproductsthatareimproving lending andnon-lendingoperations,policyadvice, ADB hascontributedtothisprogressthrough number ofpeoplelivingon$1.25orlessaday. in halvingextremepovertyasmeasuredbythe in 1993to14.5%2008.Itisanearlyachiever poverty continues,from58.1%ofthepopulation return forthecashgrants. pregnant womengetregularhealthcheckupsin their childreninschoolandensurethat poorest familiesontheconditionthattheykeep provides directfinancialsupportto582,000ofthe conditional cashtransferprogram.Theproject loan tosupportexpansionofthePhilippines’ be achievedby2015.ADBapproveda$400million but thetargetonpovertyandhungerisunlikelyto ground wascoveredinpromotinggenderequality on theMDGsshowsamixedpicture.Substantial 13,000 teachers. cluster resourcecentersandbytrainingmorethan establishment ofmorethan400schoolsandschool also expandedaccesstoeducationthroughthe Second EducationQualityImprovementProject awareness ontheimportanceofeducation.The remote andethnicareas,bypromotingparents’ and trainingofteacherswhoweredeployedin of grantstoschoolchildren,andtherecruitment girls, throughthebuildingofclassrooms,provision Project increasedenrollmentrates,especiallyamong The country’s success in reducing The country’ssuccessinreducing The Philippines’ midterm progress ThePhilippines’midtermprogress SOUTHEAST ASIA

a 85 billion . rationalized satisfactory Grants at Risk Loans at Risk a a, b Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Brunei Darussalam supported ic Disaster Response Fund (APDRF). ic Disaster Response Fund Disbursements Disbursements a a, b There were 125 ongoing loans and 45 ongoing grantThere were 125 ongoing loans and 45 Partnership priorities. 6Z% projects in the subregional priority pipeline; and the establishment of a subregional facility to develop projects under % COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS COUNTRY Brunei Darussalam and disbursements totaled $1.59 billion. The technical assist- and disbursements totaled $1.59 billion. ance portfolio comprised 199 active projects, amounting to $357 million, of which 87% were rated capacity through training and mentoring, and capacity through training and mentoring, *& projects in the region. Contract awards reached $1.68 project improved 2010 2009 2010 2009 2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 Ongoing Loans Ongoing Grants (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) (as of 31 Dec 2010) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) ($ million) (%) (%) Southeast Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Grants from ADF and Special Funds Resources, Grants from ADF and Special Funds Indicators for Performance Southeast Asia: Portfolio Southeast Asia: Portfolio Performance Indicators for Sovereign Lending, 2009–2010 for Sovereign Indicators Performance Asia: Portfolio Southeast lending products; knowledge that is transferred as transferred as lending products; knowledge that is Total 125 1,572.8 3,873.1 1,479.3 3,241.7 5.6 5.2 5.6 3,241.7 1,479.3 3,873.1 1,572.8 125 Total Thailand 2 – – – – – – – – – – – 2 Thailand Viet Nam 55 610.2 1,782.0 406.7 1,093.4 7.3 2.3 Indonesia 30 890.8 721.9 965.8 732.7 10.0 10.0 – 6.3 10.0 – – 732.7 1,317.5 61.1 965.8 53.5 31.1 721.9 30.8 1,314.1 44.3 890.8 13.1 21 Cambodia 30 Indonesia Republic Democratic Lao People’s 9 Philippines 8 14.5 24.1 22.2 37.0 – 6.7 Indonesia 2 35.7 52.7 51.5 59.3 50.0 33.3 – – – 50.0 – – – 59.3 21.6 3.0 – 51.5 17.9 0.0 – 52.7 28.9 0.0 – 20.1 35.7 0.0 – Cambodia 19 2 Indonesia Democratic Republic Lao People’s 1 Philippines – Thailand Viet Nam 19 40.6 49.4 4 35.3 33.0 6.7 – 9.8 – 6.8 10.2 – – Country Total 45 103.1 140.9 111.5 127.1 2.2 3.0 2.2 127.1 111.5 140.9 103.1 Country 45 Total

No. of Commitments of No. No. of Commitments of No. – = nil, 0.0 = amount less than $50,000. may not add up because of rounding. Note: Totals (CCF), and Asia Pacif Fund (PEF), Climate Change a Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), Fund Includes grants funded by Asian Tsunami Contract Awards/ Contract 34 Table b Includes closed grants that had contract awards or disbursements during the year. – = nil. not add up because of rounding. may Note: Totals contract awards or disbursements during the year. a Includes closed loans that had Contract Awards/ Contract 33 Table 2009–2010

PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT Measures to improve portfolio performance increasingly focused on addressing systemic issues affecting These included implementation and on achieving results. *" portfolio performance reviews, and sector-based project implementation arrangements, strengthened staff and analyses needed to design and prepare lending and lending and and analyses needed to design and prepare non- ation and capacity development part of project implement activities; and the lessons learned for future better practice from project evaluations carried out by developing member countries, SERD, and the Independent Evaluation Department. Steps were also taken to ensure that knowl- through technical assistance. SOUTHEAST ASIA 86 LOANS Viet Nam LOAN Thailand Philippines LOANS GRANTS Lao People’s Democratic Republic GRANTS LOANS Indonesia Cambodia GRANTS LOANS Country Table 35a ConsistsoftwoADFloans. b a Excludescofinancing forprojectsapprovedinpreviousyears,technical assistancegrants,andmultitranchefinancing facili Note: Totals maynotadd up becauseofrounding. – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopment Fund, OCR=ordinary capitalresources. ($ million) Total GRANT eodNrhr rae eogSbeinTasotNtokIpoeet 7. – 75.0 30.0 27.0 40.0 – – – – 76.4 75.0 30.0 27.0 36.4 40.0 350.0 – – – – – – 40.0 – 350.0 Skills Enhancement Second SmallandMedium-SizedEnterprisesDevelopmentProgram(Subprogram 1) Second NorthernGreaterMekongSubregionTransport NetworkImprovement Second GreaterMekongSubregionRegionalCommunicableDiseasesControl Ho ChiMinhCityUrbanMassRapidTransit Line2Investment Program–Tranche 1 – ProgramLoan – ProjectLoan Health HumanResourcesSectorDevelopmentProgram Greater MekongSubregionBiodiversityConservationCorridor Greater MekongSubregionBenLuc-LongThanhExpresswayProject–Tranche 1 aia aktDvlpetPorm 0. – 300.0 – – 300.0 Capital MarketDevelopmentProgram iaca aktRglto n nemdainPorm(uporm2 200 – 200.0 – – 200.0 Social ProtectionSupport Financial MarketRegulationandIntermediationProgram(Subprogram2) otenRrlIfatutr eeomn etr 2. – 23.0 23.0 – – 23.0 12.0 – 23.0 32.0 – 12.0 – 27.0 20.0 12.0 – – – 27.0 – Strengthening Technical andVocational EducationandTraining Second NorthernGreaterMekongSubregionTransport NetworkImprovement Second GreaterMekongSubregionRegionalCommunicableDiseasesControl Northern RuralInfrastructureDevelopmentSector Northern GreaterMekongSubregionTransport NetworkImprovement(Supplementary) rae eogSbeinBoiest osrainCrio – 00 20.0 – 20.0 – Greater MekongSubregionBiodiversityConservationCorridor rae eogSbeinNrhr oe rnmsin 2. 3. 57.9 37.9 6.6 20.0 – – 6.6 – Northern andCentralRegionsWater SupplyandSanitationSector(Supplementary) Greater MekongSubregionNorthernPower Transmission Mount MerapiDisasterResponse aaBl lcrct itiuinPromneIpoeet – . 1.0 1.0 – – Java–Bali ElectricityDistributionPerformance Improvement erpltnSntto aaeetadHat 3. – 35.0 – 100.0 – 50.0 200.0 35.0 – – 50.0 – 200.0 Metropolitan SanitationManagementandHealth Java–Bali ElectricityDistributionPerformance Improvement Infrastructure ReformSectorDevelopmentProgram(Subprogram3) it eeomn oiySpotPorm 0. – 200.0 3.8 – 3.8 – 200.0 – – Citarum Watershed Management andBiodiversityConservation Sixth DevelopmentPolicy SupportProgram ae eore aaeetSco eeomn rga – . – 2.8 – 2.8 10.0 – – 10.0 – Water ResourcesManagementSectorDevelopmentProgram Second GreaterMekongSubregionRegionalCommunicableDiseasesControl – ProjectGrant – ProgramGrant Public FinancialManagementforRuralDevelopmentProgram(Subprogram2) – ProjectGrant rae eogSbeinBoiest osrainCrio – 90 19.0 – 19.0 – – ProgramGrant Promoting EconomicDiversificationProgram(Subprogram2) Greater MekongSubregionBiodiversityConservationCorridor iaca etrDvlpetPormI Sbrga ) 50 5.0 – 5.0 10.0 10.0 – – – 10.0 10.0 10.0 – – – 10.0 – Financial SectorDevelopmentProgramII(Subprogram4) – ProjectLoan – ProgramLoan Water ResourcesManagementSectorDevelopmentProgram Rural RoadsImprovement Public FinancialManagementforRuralDevelopmentProgram(Subprogram2) Promoting EconomicDiversificationProgram(Subprogram2) Financial SectorDevelopmentProgramII(Subprogram4) hr iaca etrPorm(uporm2 – 00 60.0 11.0 11.0 – 60.0 – – – Health HumanResourcesSectorDevelopment Program Third FinancialSectorProgram(Subprogram 2) teghnn ae aaeetadIrgto ytm eaiiain 100 80 128.0 130.0 28.0 – 100.0 – 10.0 120.0 Sustainable RuralInfrastructureDevelopment ProjectinNorthernMountainProvinces Strengthening Water Managementand IrrigationSystemsRehabilitation SOE ReformandCorporateGovernanceFacilitation Program–Tranche 1 Asian DevelopmentBank

Southeast Asia:SovereignApprovalsbyCountry, b

a 2010 b – 108.0 – 108.0 ties. ,9. 9. 298 3,007.2 219.8 1,895.0 892.4 1. 8. 7. 1,165.4 75.4 510.0 580.0 0. – 300.0 – 300.0 – 0. – 600.0 – 600.0 – 8. 5. 542.8 57.8 485.0 – 0. – 400.0 – 400.0 – OCR ADF Other Sources Total 00 30.0 30.0 – – – 30.0 – 30.0 5. 4. 201.5 49.9 3.0 3.0 – 151.6 – . – 5.0 10.0 – – – 5.0 – 10.0 . – 5.0 – – 5.0 . – 9.0 – – 9.0 00 20.0 22.0 12.0 – – 10.0 59.8 – 20.0 24.8 – 35.0 – 00 70.0 – – 70.0 160.8 36.8 197.6 SOUTHEAST ASIA

87 bution develop Commercial Total Annual Report 2010 Report Annual b The evaluation of ADB’s assistance ADB’s The evaluation of The Java–Bali Electricity Distri nonsovereign operation was prepared to 2010 a The Lao People’s The Lao People’s Democratic Republic Partnership priorities. program for the Lao PDR for 2000 to 2009 concluded that assistance was successful, relevant, and effective. /6R development context. Country and relevant to the country’s >[[%>[== aimed to support poverty reduction through more rapid, morepoverty reduction through more rapid, aimed to support growth. It focusedsustainable, and more inclusive economic better management of natural improved infrastructure, on improved publicresources, enhanced access to education, adaptation. A adaptation. A Impact of operations. to mitigate thePerformance Improvement Project sought National Program for Community The government’s and supported byEmpowerment (PNPM), initiated in 2007 /6[[[ kilometers of ruralbuilding or upgrading more than 40,000 systems, 10,450roads and 9,000 bridges, 1,000 irrigation ADB’s units. clean water supply units, and 4,822 sanitation support to upgrade urban slums assisted some 180,000 poor The Metropolitan Sanitation urban households in 32 cities. Management and Health Project will further provide The Sixth 2.7 million people access to improved sanitation. Development Policy Support Program continued reforms to management and governance, and improve the access of the poor to public services. medium-term ]/6R - ADB’s country operations business ADB’s The completed National Road No. 6 ADB’s strategic priorities were updat- strategic ADB’s Southeast Asia: Nonsovereign Approvals by Country, Asia: Nonsovereign Southeast ($ million) Total 504.3 – – 2.0 – 506.3 206.3 300.0 – – – – 2.0 2.0 – – – – – – 300.0 Indonesia Housing Finance Program 204.3 Thailand Bangchak Solar Power Solar Power 504.3 Total 300.0 134.3 – – 70.0 – – – – – – – – 2.0 300.0 – 134.3 72.0 – = nil, OCR = ordinary capital resources. – = nil, OCR = ordinary capital a grants, and trade finance program. for projects approved in previous years, technical assistance Excludes cofinancing b grants. Includes nonsovereign Country Loans Guarantees Investments Project Equity Investments Cofinancing Guarantees 35b Table OCR Loans Country Impact of operations. able technical assistance to support the establishment of able technical assistance to support the capital country’s a strategy and action plan to develop the <" was approved management (also on a reimbursable basis) < ed for better alignment with the government’s ed for better alignment with the government’s >[=[%>[=@ Indonesia Partnership priorities. Cambodia Partnership priorities. >[=[%>[=R />[[%>[= inclusive and The plan continued to support more and rural interventions in agriculture through more targeted governance and capacity development, the private sector, development, and regional economic integration. Impact of operations. under the GMS Cambodia Road Improvement Project reduced travel time from 6 hours to 2 hours between the Thai border at Poipet to the tourism hub of Siem Reap. This led to an almost tripling of the number of foreign Water Sap Rural Tonle The tourists traveling by this road. Supply and Sanitation Sector Project expanded access to safe water and sanitation, resulting in better health and greater convenience, especially for women and girls. SOUTHEAST ASIA 88 partnership with ADB. Tenth MalaysiaPlan,agreedto developacountry plan. With progressintheseareasandthe launchingofthe and the ASEAN capitalmarketintegrationimplementation Services Boardtofosterinternationalprudentialstandards markets, includingsupporttotheIslamicFinancial </6 collaborating ontradefacilitationinitiatives.Malaysia of priorityinfrastructureprojectsinthesubregionand "< * Z#%# 6Z% /6 Partnership priorities. Malaysia free ofcharge, attheendof25years. electric powerplantwillbeturnedovertothegovernment, sion agreementstipulatedthatoperationsofthehydro- health, environment,andruralinfrastructure. The conces- >[[ ]¡ $10 millioninFY2010thatwereinvestededucation, ? arrangement, generatingrevenuesforthegovernment Hydropower Projectstartedoperationundera concession Impact ofoperations. Socio-Economic DevelopmentPlan. the objectivesofnewSeventhFive-Year National commenced todetermine ADB’s strategicfocustosupport sector programmingconsultationswiththegovernment itNm ,8. 4,158.7 9,285.0 Total 59,083.6 Viet Nam Thailand 5,969.5 1,194.7 Philippines 12,428.9 Myanmar 530.9 Malaysia 1,997.5 1,211.5 42,364.7 Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic Indonesia 26,492.5 9,821.0 4,239.8 Cambodia 1,167.8 411.8 Country Lending 1,414.0 ($ million) Disbursements byCountryasoftheend2010 20,220.7 904.0 Table 36 Disbursements Includesnonsovereign(publicandprivate)sectorloansspecifictotheregion. b Loancomponentofregionalprojectsdistributedtothecountrieswheneverpossible. a

Asian DevelopmentBank Southeast Asia:CumulativeLendingand Z The $1.2billionNam Theun 2 a, b was approvedin1987. approved in1986anditslasttechnical assistanceproject projects. ADB’s lastloanprojecttoMyanmarwas GMS meetingsandinsomeregionaltechnical assistance to buildstatisticalcapacity. Myanmarparticipated in major support fortheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme the developmentpartnercommunity. ADB alsofacilitated nomic developmentsinMyanmarcoordinationwith Partnership priorities. Myanmar itNm 56 145 150.1 104.5 – 45.6 Total 640.1 Viet Nam 310.0 398.8 1,348.9 einl – 01 10.1 10.1 – – Regional Thailand – – 2.0 2.0 Philippines – 3.0 32.7 35.7 Myanmar – – – – a ExcludescofinancingnotadministeredbyADB. Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. – =nil,ADFAsianDevelopmentFund. Country ADF ($ million) Approved byCountryasoftheend2010 Table 37 Special Other Funds Cofinancing IncludesgrantsfundedbyAsianTsunami Fund (ATF), Pakistan EarthquakeFund (PEF), a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. – =nil, OtherSpecialFunds ADF Country ($ million) Disbursements byCountryasoftheend2010 Table 38 Rpbi 388 5. 390.0 51.3 – 338.8 Malaysia – Republic Lao P Indonesia – – Cambodia 255.7 – – 307.0 90.3 – 108.0 346.0 415.0 itNm 42 34.2 – 34.2 85.6 Total 201.5 – Regional – Viet Nam Thailand – 85.6 – Philippines – 301.5 Democratic Republic – Lao People’s 3.0 – Indonesia – Cambodia 81.7 – 503.0 3.0 298.5 – 81.7 298.5 Climate ChangeFund (CCF),andAsiaPacific DisasterResponseFund (APDRF). eople’s ADF =AsianDevelopmentFund. Southeast Asia:CumulativeGrants Southeast Asia:CumulativeGrant Democratic ADB continuedtomonitoreco- a Total a Total SOUTHEAST ASIA 89 151.6 2009–2010 a 126.6 108.7 59.3 51.5 65.8 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 2010 35.3 2010 50 100 150 200 33.0 40 80 120 160 21.6 17.9 11.0 7.8 10.2 6.8 4.9 5.0 3.5 2.0 2009 2009 3.0 0 0 Southeast Asia: Southeast Southeast Asia: Thailand Malaysia Viet Nam Indonesia Myanmar Cambodia Malaysia Thailand Philippines Viet Nam Indonesia Myanm ar Philippines Cambodia Lao People’s Lao People’s Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Fund Fund (ADF), Asian Tsunami Includes grants funded by Asian Development Fund (CCF), (PEF), Climate Change Fund Earthquake Fund Pakistan (ATF), (APDRF). Disaster Response Fund and Asia Pacific Brunei Darussalam a Democratic Republic FIGURE 18 FIGURE 18 2009–2010 by Country, Grants Approved (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) FIGURE 20 ADB Grant Disbursements by Country, (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) ($ million) ($ million) Democratic Republic 1,317.5 2,184.2 1,118.4 1,925.9 1,079.8 739.9 1,176.1 1,090.0 406.7 785.0 2010 600.0 2010 504.3 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 114.1 2009 95.0 77.1 61.1 37.0 71.7 32.1 53.5 23.4 2009 0.12 0 0 Southeast Asia: Southeast Asia: Southeast Malaysia Thailand Malaysia Thailand Viet Nam Indonesia Myanm ar Viet Nam Philippines Indonesia Myanm ar Cambodia Philippines Cambodia Lao People’s Lao People’s Brunei Darussalam FIGURE 19 2009–2010 ADB Loan Disbursements by Country, (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) FIGURE 17 FIGURE 17 by Country, 2009–2010 ADB Lending (Sovereign and Nonsovereign) ($ million) ($ million) Democratic Republic Democratic Republic SOUTHEAST ASIA 90 # # using experiencefromgloballysuccessfulconditional the $400millionSocialProtection SupportProject, The Philippines Pilipino its socialprotectionprogram, the Impact ofoperations. 2010 to2016. will bealignedwiththePhilippineDevelopmentPlanfor of anewcountrypartnershipstrategyfor2011 to2016that private sector, andcivilsociety, initiatedthepreparation MDGs. ADB, inclosecoordinationwithgovernment, investment climate,andtheacceleratedattainmentof ` Partnership priorities. G and enhancing positive impacts, such as the new livelihood and enhancingpositiveimpacts,suchasthenewlivelihood reducingtheenvironmentalimpactofeconomiccorridors clearinghouse forenvironmentalmanagementintheGMS. developed capacityasaninformationandknowledge Working GrouponEnvironment. Overtheyears,ithas conserve thesubregion’sbiodiversityandcriticalecosystems. project toreconciledevelopmentpressureswiththeneed (CEP-BCI), whichbeganin2006asatechnicalassistance Program andBiodiversityConservationCorridorsInitiative Environment OperationsCenter(EOC)inBangkok. Map Tool anchoredtoinformationprovidedbyan using auser-friendly geographicinformationsystem-based scalingupinvestmentinconservationareaswasprepared growth. ment decisionmakersseekingenvironmentallysustainable has evolvedintoanimportantinformationtoolforinvest- development planners has becomeavaluableresource for An ADB-supportedinformationcenter Environmental Knowledge Base Evolves

A range of CEP-BCI interventions has focused on A rangeofCEP-BCI interventionshasfocusedon The EOCservesasthetechnicalsecretariatto The EOChasitsoriginsintheGMSCoreEnvironment In 2010,thefirstregionalgrant/loanprogramfor Asian DevelopmentBank Program,andassociatedsector reforms through of a regional technical assistance program that of aregionaltechnicalassistanceprogramthat Subregion(GMS)arenowabletomaptheresults overnment ministersintheGreaterMekong ADB helpedthegovernment expand ADB andthegovernment Pantawid Pamilyang

Steve Griffiths Villagers inRatchaburi,Thailand,buildacheckdam institutional frameworkforpublic–privatepartnerships. also supportedthenewgovernmentinimproving ?>[[/6 Insurance Commission,andthecentralbank’s oversight encompassing theSecuritiesandExchangeCommission, < than halfamillionpoorfamilies. ADB alsosupported % private partnerships, andinclusivegrowth. < sustainable developments.Policy dialoguefocusedon on infrastructure,capitalmarket, andenvironmentally economic crisisanddomesticdevelopments,withemphasis >[[%>[== Partnership priorities. Thailand hubs with remote, impoverished areas. hubs withremote,impoverishedareas. opportunitiesthatcanbederivedfromlinkingdevelopment and investmentdecisionmakingintheGMS. issues andprovedtobeavaluableresourceforplanning CEP-BCI activitieshaveraisedawarenessofenvironmental civil society’sabilitytoplanforsustainabledevelopment. livelihoods,andimprovementsinbothgovernment regimes, pilotingofrevolvingfundstoimproverural local communitiesinadoptinggoodlandmanagement affected bydevelopment.Thesehaveincludedinvolving approaches tomaintainingandrestoringecosystems The initiative has piloted innovative planning The initiativehaspilotedinnovativeplanning Knowledge and information generated through Knowledge andinformationgeneratedthrough The countrypartnership strategy

SOUTHEAST ASIA 91 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB, in collaboration with To promote the dissemination of knowledge, regular promote the To

Preparing operational plans in Phnom Penh using a GANTT chart Preparing operational plans in Phnom Penh transparency and strengthened legal, regulatory, and and legal, regulatory, transparency and strengthened The program helped sustain enforcement frameworks. >[[ and 2009, which averaged about 6% and had increased to almost 7% in 2010. It also reduced the vulnerability of among GMS institutions. PPP research grants are made toamong GMS institutions. universities, and think tanks inpartner research institutions, their capacity. the subregion to enhance meetings are supplemented byGMS dialogue and alumni and networking events. newsletters, websites, achieve these goals, as did supporting policy reform in achieve these goals, as did supporting < regional cooperation and integration. Impact of operations. helped accelerate project startup development partners, and implementation through harmonized feasibility study ADB’s resettlement and cost norms, and monitoring tools. in 2007, approved Third Financial Sector Program Cluster, under the The second subprogram loan resilient sector. & increased the securities and bond markets. It also ing develop Jordana S. Queddeng S. Jordana

ADB’s country partnership country ADB’s ADB’s Capital Market Develop ment Capital Market Develop ADB’s

he Phnom Penh Plan for Development Management Plan for Development he Phnom Penh 2002, aims to develop leaders(PPP), established in the Greater Mekong Subregionand change agents in Total funding for the PPP since 2003 amounts to funding for Total Implemented by a network of partners that targets GMSImplemented by a network of partners that Program is aimed at executive andThe PPP Fellowship New Zealand. Thanks to this support, the PPP has become aNew Zealand. Thanks to this support, the PPP core program for the GMS. 85 learningcivil servants, the PPP has, to date, delivered mid-level, and senior GMS officials programs to 1,668 junior, cooperation, andon development management, regional also supports learning resource centers It public policy. and in theat the ADB resident missions in Cambodia Democratic Republic. Lao People’s mid-career civilleadership development of senior and collaborativeservants, while its research program supports emerging issuesapplied and policy-oriented studies on (GMS) who are capable of shaping policies and implement- (GMS) who are capable projects effectively. ing GMS programs and and the governments of the People’s$9.7 million, from ADB and the Republic of Korea, Republic of China, France, Established in 2002, the Phnom Penh PlanEstablished in 2002, than helped train more has already 1,600 GMS ofﬁcials Developing the Policy Makers of the Future Makers Policy the Developing T Partnership priorities. strategy and operational programs continued to focus on environmental economic growth, social development, and priorities engagement achieved these ADB’s management. by developing infrastructure, such as road transport networks, urban mass transit systems, water management The promotion of and irrigation, and rural infrastructure. "`- cial system (including the capital market), improvements enhancements to technical and vocational training helped Viet Nam Impact of operations. & to increasedinclusive, and stable capital market leading assistance helped the government to address the enabling /6 % CHAPTER 12 NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS

Private sector investment is a primary engine of economic growth. In 2010, ADB’s private sector operations became increasingly active in promoting environmentally sustainable growth through clean energy projects and funds. By the end of the year, the value of the nonsovereign portfolio of loans, equity investments, and guarantees had reached $5.3 billion. NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS

93 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB’s nonsovereign operations are integral to nonsovereign operations ADB’s which The number of developing member countries Private sector operations are fully aligned with Private sector operations are fully ADB support environmentally sustainable growth, To Recently, private sector operations have increasingly Recently, (see Glossary), where ADB acts as the arranger of a of a as the arranger ADB acts where (see Glossary), < * < Companies receiving assistance institutions participate. ADB team. &guidance of the 2020, which aim to scale up the objectives of Strategy and private sector operations private sector development 50% of annual operations targeting in all operational areas, by 2020. has more than were assisted with nonsovereign projects to 23 in 2010. doubled in the last decade, from 10 in 2000 PRIVATE SECTOR OPERATIONS PRIVATE for the largest Private sector operations accounted of nonsovereign operations, with loans ADB’s part of of $243 million, $1,053 million, equity investments in B-loans, and a guarantees of $300 million, $320 million $2 million grant in 2010. three development agendas: inclusive Strategy 2020’s growth, economic growth, environmentally sustainable inclusive economic and regional integration. In supporting private sector operations are active in ADB’s growth, < < "< private equity funds). projects is increasingly active in assisting clean energy in 2010 included six projects Approvals and funds. amounting to $523 million related to renewable energy, ADB’s and representing 27% of the total. One example is funds, described growing role in regional clean energy ADB encourages regional in more detail on page 96. Finance Program, Trade integration directly through the with supported 440 intra-regional transactions, which developing 88% of the deals backing trade between two member countries (See page 97). Fund, and on more challenging Asian Development the

y catalyzing private investments and lending, ADB ADB and lending, private investments y catalyzing Its for development. substantial resources mobilizes and replicable private sector support for innovative !" # &' *<'*=>?! &'*@? X! [ [ !\ X! X '*@!]# ^_`{ \'{X |}>} |{ _\! &'*~? ! X{ *!'*~ O X !

ADB’s assistance to private sector entities and/or entities and/or assistance to private sector ADB’s Support for the MDGs through Support for the MDGs through Private Sector Operations projects aims to promote broad-based, inclusive growth, broad-based, inclusive growth, projects aims to promote impact and enhancing the maximizing development transfer of knowledge. is provided through several state-owned enterprises sovereign guarantees, equity channels: loans without investments, credit enhancement products, and B-loans enhancement products, and B-loans investments, credit B NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS 94 operations contribute toachievingtheMDGs.) page 93formoreinformation abouthowprivatesector private sectorhaspromotedits developmentagenda.(See series evaluatinghowsuccessfully ADB’s assistancetothe # /6 >[=[ &- above.) * # &/6 sectors acrossalldevelopingmembercountries.For ! }} # ! ! |}>>! ! |@ [ { to aquarterofthepopulation making affordable phoneservicesavailable An ADBproject inPapuaNewGuineais Communications First PrivateLoaninPaciﬁcBroadens ADB alsointroducednewprogramspartneringwith ]{* # Asian DevelopmentBank X *^|}} |!{ } }}

in 2010). Digicel Ltd. ! !' ! } included two follow-on projects that leveraged knowledge included twofollow-on projectsthatleveraged knowledge geographies, orsectors. Accordingly, approvals in2010 uncertainties aboutnewbusiness practices,technologies, leveraging itsexperienceininnovative projects, ADB reduces on transfersofknowledgeand informationtoinvestors.By and tocatalyzeadditionalprivateinvestment.Bothaimsdepend to createprojectsthatcanbereplicatedindifferent settings and the over 18projects(excludingtheHousingFinanceFacility guarantees. The averageprojectsizewas$76million $1.3 billioninequityinvestments,and$1.0 $5.3 billion,consistingof$2.9billionindirectloans, ! >} # "{* # X Two mainobjectivesofprivatesectoroperations are By theendof2010,privatesectorportfolioreached ZY< NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS 95 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual '\{_\!X NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS 96 funding toamaximumof25% ofanyproject’s totalcost. good practicesforcreditanalysis inthesesectors. > Z Technical assistanceof$250,000wasalso approved an environmentalandsocialmanagementsystem(ESMS). 5% ofthevaluetotalprivatesectorapprovals)incorporated of ADB’s investmentsinprivateequity funds(accountingfor also promotedthroughadvisorysupport.Forexample,each gleaned frompreviousinterventions.Knowledgetransfersare J investing in alternatives tofossilfuels investing inalternatives ADB provides earlyequitysupporttofunds A CatalystforCleanEnergyInvestment [ _*^*! >}} |}}@ [ ^ ] ] \ ^ ! ] \ \ X """ ] |}||~\ ! " ! ! @!|[ ! ! " ! In general, ADB’s privatesectorpolicyrestrictsdirect X ! |}>} |}}! _ [ Asian DevelopmentBank

Ian Gill and guaranteesprovidedunder theprogram. Trade FinanceProgramwas2.3timestheamountofloans approved investment,andtotal tradesupportedbythe The totaltarget sizeofequityfundswas8.7times ADB’s approximately fourtimes ADB’s fundedparticipation. total estimatedprojectcostofprivatesectorprojectswas the amountofitsownfunding.Ininfrastructure, sector investmentsrangedfromafactorof1.6to17times billion. for threeprojectswithanaggregatecostof$1.8 millionofB-loans a varietyofpartners,catalyzing$320 ` ADB tomaximizesupporttheprivatesector. ADB ! X }} }" |}}! |} |}>} X |} }} |}} |}} ||}>! O ! [! ! O O # > >! ` 6 /6R ` # applied applied NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS

97 projects 633.11

$ (in $ million)

Annual Report 2010 Report Annual 1 e. This limit has never been breached. Because within a year. This explains how TFP’s exposure within a year. on TFP limit approved by the Board in previous |}>} |}} The South Asia Department is also collaborating collaborating Asia Department is also The South The East Asia Department processed a nonsovereign Asia Department processed a nonsovereign The East TFP Exposure $1,223.27 Cofinance in TFP TFP SupportTotal $1,541.89 $2,765.16 $1,263.10 $1,896.21 enterprises. The facility helps Indian public sector banks sector banks helps Indian public The facility enterprises. capital in international to long-term funds raise medium- ADB guarantees. or bonds backed by markets through loans of India on a number of closely with the Government nonsovereign/public–private partnership-enabling nonsovereign/public–private in various sectors, including transport, water, and power. and power. including transport, water, in various sectors, Asia Department is exploring several West The Central and legal and regulatory frameworks to initiatives to establish - public–private partnerships. structure, and on developing 100-megawatt loan of $34 million to support a large-scale Republic of China, wind power project in the People’s develop renewable to efforts ing the country’s further Asia The Southeast and combat climate change. energy with banks in Department negotiated nonsovereign loans Nam and Indonesia to help small and medium-sized Viet & helping to increase export competitiveness and products, Asia Department create jobs. In Indonesia, the Southeast efficiency energy aims to assist the development of & /6 "` Private Pacific Department’s enterprises through the assistance. Sector Development Initiative and technical TFP operated in 14 DMCs in 2010, its five most active Sri Lanka, markets were Bangladesh, Viet Nam, Pakistan, and Nepal, respectively.

This figure represents the cumulative exposure assumed by the Trade Finance Program (TFP) over the course of 2010. The $1 billi This figure represents the cumulative exposure assumed by the Trade years (including the $850 million approval of 31 March 2009) represents the maximum exposure TFP can assume at any point in tim years (including the $850 million approval of 31 March 2009) represents the maximum exposure TFP can assume at any point re-used) maturities under TFP transactions tend to be short—average maturity in 2010 was 127 days—TFP exposure can revolve (be in the course of 2010 was greater than its $1 billion limit without actually breaching the limit at any point in time. Such public nonsovereign operations continued to Such public nonsovereign million (19% of total capital) contributed $130 ADB of The facility is expected to support the development processed a $50 million Asia Department The South Trade Finance Program Trade Finance Program (TFP) provides ADB’s ongoing Trade guarantees and loans through banks in support of trade. In 2010, the TFP supported almost $2.8 billion in trade, $1.5 billion of which was cofinancing from commercial banks in TFP transactions. The TFP supported 783 transactions transactions Over 440 and over 270 SMEs in the year. supported intraregional trade, 386 of which supported trade between developing member countries (DMCs). While the 1 Since September 2005, ADB has provided lending without ADB Since September 2005, to public sector entities that are struc- sovereign guarantee the sovereign or central government. turally separate from state-owned enterprises, govern- These entities include and local government units. ment agencies, municipalities, growing consistent with the region’s expand in 2010, local partnerships and opportunities for public–private Investment Facility Guarantee and Credit to establish the ADB jointly owned with the govern- (CGIF), a trust fund of Asian Nations and Association of Southeast ments of the Republic of China, Japan, and the Republic the People’s of Korea (ASEAN+3). ASEAN+3 and promote the resilience the bond markets in ¢/6 preparing the collaborated and coordinated policy while harmonization of standards and practices promoting CGIF, ASEAN+3 and paving the way for bond issuance within < guarantee to improve the fund- loan and $250 million medium-sized ing environment for micro, small, and NONSOVEREIGN PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR NONSOVEREIGN OPERATIONS CHAPTER 13 GENERATING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE

ADB’s knowledge solutions made a real, practical contribution in 2010 to inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration in developing member countries. Through regional forums, an expanded online presence, and other publications, ADB was able to spread information and offer its expertise. Strategy 2020 committed ADB to playing an even bigger role in disseminating knowledge in the future. GENERATING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE 99 series to Policy Recom- Focus on Education Regional Forum on Impact Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Rebalancing for Sustainable Growth: Growth: Rebalancing for Sustainable . Published in October, it was submitted to the . Published in October, To promote inclusive education, the To capacity to address the needs develop governments’ To A major study, major study, A the ADB also organized series added four key publications. These discussed series added four key publications. the means to address various forms of exclusion from education, explored ways to enhance the role of the private success with technical and showcased Sri Lanka’s sector, and vocational education and training. ADB implemented technical of the poor and vulnerable, assistance grants that expanded conditional cash transfers to poor households in the Philippines; sustained essential ADB continued initiatives to expand human capacity and inequalities mitigate extreme macroeconomic and regulatory policies that sustain recoverymacroeconomic and regulatory policies that Also to crises. and make their economies more resilient policy coordination. highlighted was the imperative for better poverty levels are still vulnerable to external shock-induced to external shock-induced are still vulnerable poverty levels over viewed online The publication, poverty. relapses into that policies encouraging the crea- 73,000 times, asserted jobs and advanced education and tion of more well-paid the return to poverty. health care can prevent Challenge Postcrisis Asia’s Asian policy makers raise domestic policies that can help thereby reducing dependence on and regional demand, economies and creating a basis for exports to developed The recommendations growth. sustainable long-term Asian Policy the provided background for a report by ADBI) entitled Forum (with the support of Growth Balanced and Sustainable mendations to Secure in Asia >['"' Republic of the People’s Asian Nations and Southeast (ASEAN+3); China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea Asia Summit meetings. and East Crisis of the Global Economic and Financial at the country, explore initiatives to address the crisis Third Forum, held in The subregional, and regional levels. Z <

effects effects Asian Development Key Indicators for Asia Key Indicators for , went beyond providing the latest Asian Development Outlook 2010 Update , tracked the resilience of developing Asia , tracked the resilience of developing

nowledge is a powerful catalyst for propelling for propelling is a powerful catalyst nowledge its effects. forward and enhancing development ADB 2020 committed Recognizing this, Strategy

In 2010, to further Strategy 2020’s complementary Strategy 2020’s In 2010, to further /6R \ \ to playing a bigger part in putting knowledge solutions part in putting knowledge solutions to playing a bigger economic growth, environmentally to work for inclusive Asia and regional integration in the sustainable growth, (ADBI), Asian Development Bank Institute agendas, the Y / X Integration, and the Regional and Regional Economic designed and Sustainable Development Department solutions with immediate transferred knowledge Aiming for inclusive economic growth means fostering Aiming for inclusive economic growth broader and sustainable opportunities while ensuring ADB continued initiatives this end, To equitable access. extreme inequali- to expand human capacity and mitigate and social protec- ties; for example, in education, health, investments that tion. Likewise, it promoted infrastructure connect the poor achieve sustainable economic progress, productive assets. to markets, and increase their access to countries. They were joined by regional departments and They countries. nities of Practice. 13 Commu GROWTH INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC Outlook 2010 through the recent economic crisis and forecast a strong recovery in the next 2 years. It also discussed the region’s * &policies to foster macroeconomic stability and sustained growth. The R " term horizon. Combined, these publications were viewed online over 133,000 times and cited by the media over reputation as a source of ADB’s 500 times, strengthening information and policy analysis.

statistics. A special chapter examined the impacts on growth A statistics. of a rapidly expanding middle class in the region, stressing that many people in this category with incomes just above K and catalytic outcomes in ADB’s developing member developing member ADB’s and catalytic outcomes in GENERATING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE 100 house capacitycontinued. biodiversity andcriticalecosystems. Efforts tobuildin- ment pressureswiththeneed toconservethesubregion’s Conservation CorridorsInitiative toreconciledevelop- in theGMSCoreEnvironmentProgramandBiodiversity Environment OperationsCenter. The centerhasitsorigins support fromtheBangkok-basedand ADB-supported such asthe Energy Councilforinputsonkeyknowledgeproducts, were askedbytheInternationalEnergy Agency and World instance, membersoftheEnergy CommunityofPractice tapped byglobalauthoritiestoprovidecriticalinputs.For for greener, moreinclusive,andresilientgrowth. pinpointing issuesonwhichtheregioncanleadquest key priorities,policybottlenecks,andquickwins,while # Ministerial ConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelop- Resources andResilience their enforcement. and developmentofinstitutionalcapacitiestostrengthen technologies, theadoptionofenvironmentalsafeguards, ADB supportedtheuseofenvironmentallyfriendly sustainable caneliminatepoverty. To makethishappen, for livelihoods,onlygrowththatisenvironmentally Given thatmanyofthepoordependonnaturalresources SUSTAINABLE GROWTH ENVIRONMENTALLY dialogue withdevelopmentpartners. ment ofIndonesiaexpectsthereporttobeakeyinputinits work inthetwoothercountriesisongoing. The Govern- Critical DevelopmentConstraints Indonesia, andPapuaNewGuinea. The report, improve developmentplanningalsoexpandedtoBhutan, diag nose constraintstoinclusiveeconomicgrowthand Islands, and Tonga. Work onimprovingcapacitiesto vulnerable individualsintheCookIslands, Marshall and alleviatedtheimpactsofrecenteconomiccrisison expenditures onsocialservicesandprotectioninGeorgia; The GreaterMekongSubregion(GMS)received The yearalsosaw ADB’s expertsincreasingly A keypublication, Asian DevelopmentBank World Energy Outlook2010 , waspresentedattheSixth Preview ofGreen Growth, , waslaunchedwhile . Indonesia: REGIONAL INTEGRATION major challengesindeveloping regionalinfrastructure consisting mainlyof ADBI working papers,analyzed among keypolicymakers,think tanks,andcivilsociety. Europe, andtheUnitedStatesgeneratedrichdiscussion an Asian economiccommunity. Consultationsin Asia, recommended stepstostrengthenRCItowardcreating building, drewlessonsfromregionalcomparisons,and Toward an Asian EconomicCommunity efforts wasthe and implementGMSprogramsprojects. of leadersandkeychangeagentstoshapepolicies regional cooperationinitiativebydevelopingthe capacity ment, establishedin2002,continuedtosupporttheGMS goods. The PhnomPenhPlanforDevelopmentManage- initiatives, andencouragedcooperationinregionalpublic helped developcross-borderinfrastructure,advanced supported regionalandsubregionalcooperationprograms, institutions. raising productivityandemployment,strengthening tial foracceleratingeconomicgrowth,reducingdisparities, Regional cooperationandintegration(RCI)hasvastpoten- Asian countries,thepromotionofsustainabletransport, climate resiliencein Tajikistan andotherCentral West the region,supportforrenewableenergy mappingand considerations intonationaldevelopmentstrategiesacross # included presentationsonmainstreamingclimatechange /6R helped drawattentiontotheinnovativeworkbeingdone interactive pageonitswebsite. At theconference,it change andtheconferencethroughmediatoursan Mexico. ADB raisedawarenessintheregionaboutclimate outreach fortheclimatechangeconferenceinCancun, A book,entitled An importantknowledgeproductsupportingthese To furtherintegrateRCIintoitsoperations, ADB ADB pursuedinformationdisseminationandpublic Institutions forRegionalIntegration: Infrastructure foraSeamless Asia . Servingasthe , GENERATING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE

101 emerging emerging Asia Economic Annual Report 2010 Report Annual '' '' Online information and collaboration tools buttressed Online information and collaboration tools ASEAN+3 ABO website—an initiative of The For more information on knowledge products on The ARIC website continues to serve as a knowledge continues to serve as a ARIC website The ADB’s activities for regional integration, among them the activities for regional integration, among them ADB’s Asia Regional the AsianBondsOnline (ABO) website and Integration Center (ARIC) website. from an information site on Finance Ministers—evolved facility for local-currency sovereign bonds to a one-stop original and bond market participants with data, analysis, content on bond market developments in Monitor markets. economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, Appendix 14 of this report. East Asia. In 2010, ABO expanded coverage to include Asia. In 2010, East popularity among investors The website’s corporate bonds. has soared in recent years. and information portal on RCI. It contains databases of integration indicators, free trade agreements, and climate data; economic reports, such as the . ADB is Y# working to put into place the recommendations from the working to put into place the recommendations from the Asia Infrastruc- such as the establishment of the study, ture Fund and the Pan-Asia Infrastructure Forum. ]>[=[/6 ADB also helped expand more helped implement the plan. " X / Yand more. ] and recommended actions to address them. It received them. It received and recommended actions to address academics, strong attention from senior policy makers, makers and researchers, and media. Senior policy quote this study’s international institutes continue to in 2010 are estimates on infrastructure needs. Examples Growth Strategy Report to APEC Finance Ministers’ the Summary Chairperson’s the Leaders, Kyoto; UNESCAP on Perspectives of the High-level Consultation >[ Bangkok; the speech of the First Deputy Managing Noi; and International Monetary Fund, Ha Director, Asian Economic Outlook OECD Southeast CHAPTER 14 FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

ADB continued to reprioritize staff development programs and build its people’s skills in 2010. A new employee grading system was approved. The addition of more stafﬁ ng resources will strengthen resident missions and project quality, help to expand private sector operations, and enhance knowledge management. ADB is also streamlining and upgrading its business processes, compensation and beneﬁ ts schemes, administrative services, and information technology (IT) systems. FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION 103 country directors Pakistan, president joined in 2010.president joined in " Annual Report 2010 Report Annual ADB’s staff as of 31 December 2010 totaled staff ADB’s ] ADB’s staff as of 31 December as of staff ADB’s 59 of2010 totaled 2,833 from its 67 members: 6 members of Management, and 1,024 international and 1,803 national and administrative staff sector opera- created in 2010 to support expanding private tions and fund mobilization. and span ofOptimization of internal organization control. control of departments, a review of the span of ADB in 2010 concluded and country directors across too manythat, in some areas, directors were supervising The or weakly related sector or thematic boundaries. staff operationsreview resulted in the creation of four additional divisions and the establishment of four new deputy in 2011. directors, all of which will become effective The deputy country director positions will strengthen the Republic of China, India, missions in the People’s ORGANIZATIONAL AND BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESS REVIEW and Viet Nam. and Viet private sector operations, and risk management; and and risk management; operations, and private sector management. upgrade knowledge 67 members: 6 members of Manage- 2,833 from 59 of its and 1,803 national and admin- ment, and 1,024 international {{ = =@{= 210 and 77 among national and staff among international no departures fromThere were staff. and administrative but one vice- Management staff, accounted for 29.1% of the international staff. Women internal Validation Validation A new staff grading system was grading new staff A ADB continued to reprioritize staff ADB continued to reprioritize staff resources were agreed to strengthen resources were agreed to

staff, and 55 administrative positions. These 55 administrative positions. and staff,

aving motivated and talented people working in aving motivated and remains a prime goal a supportive environment of a new ADB, as the approval in January for

STAFFING of the workforce plan in 2010 resulted in the approval of including 46 international staff, 160 new positions for 2011, 59 national H HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN ADB’s capacity in resident mission operations; enhance capacity ADB’s project quality; promote private sector development, people engagement strategy and other human resources strategy and other human resources people engagement human resources ADB’s themes in initiatives attest. Key and gender equality, to be diversity, initiatives continue inclusiveness. New staff grading system. approved in 2010, placing staff into three catego ries: Inter- into three catego approved in 2010, placing staff (levels 1–7), (levels 1–10), National Staff national Staff The system appro- (levels 1–7). Administrative Staff and in roles, priately recognizes and acknowledges differences < X < system and the job new grading are the level complement designed to support band mechanism, which together were staff. career progression of national and administrative new job title framework was also developed to align A functional areas of titles according to core operational and >[>[\ positions. functions of staff Staff development. with development programs and to collaborate skills to acquire and external partners to enable staff Through these needed to implement operational programs. ADB- four areas were revamped: partnerships, programs in ' and country; management and leadership development; As a ADB espouses as an institution. and the values that members training programs with 2,661 staff 129 offered participating in 671 learning sessions. FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION 104 1 January2011. salary structures,andincreasesareeffective from # salary increasefornationalandadministrative staff in and administrativestaff atheadquarters. A 10% average a 7.6%salaryincreasewereapprovedfor national staff a 3.9%weightedaverageincreasein salary structureand salary increaseis4.3%.Basedonthenew grading system, approved. With thereallocatedbonuspool, ture anda3.3%salaryincreaseforinternationalstaff were team rewardsandspotawards. performance withmoredifferentiation, andintroductionof of thebonuspooltosalaryincreasesrewardindividual suspension ofthebonusschemeuntil2015,reallocation parity withthemarketby2015(prioritizinglevels1–6), determining theoverallaverageincreasetoachievefull \& approach andadoptionofchangestotheinternational The Boardapprovedtheretentionofmarket-based tions submitted totheBoardofDirectorsinNovember. 6<- The ComprehensiveReviewofInternationalStaff COMPENSATION ANDBENEFITS and anexpansioninoperationsthrough(i) delineating continued tobestrengthenedsupportprojectquality tutional andmanagementstructureofresidentmissions Strengthening resident missionoperations. them earlyin2011. to addresstherecommendationsandstartimplementing report inNovember2010.Managementisformulatingplans and strengthengovernance. The consultantsissuedtheir consultants conductedareviewofthe Controller andIT mission managementteamconcept. ' izing deputycountrydirectorpositions,particularlyfor '- strategy, andprogramming;countryoperations; A 1.7%weightedaverageincreaseinthesalarystruc- Asian DevelopmentBank total average Independent Independent The insti-

various subprojects under the rehabilitation of HQ building various subprojects undertherehabilitationof HQbuilding System and Technology Strategy, PhaseII,completionof of completionvariousIT projectsundertheInformation technology services,andindepreciation, primarilybecause by overrunsincontractualservices largely forinformation and miscellaneousexpenses. These savingswerepartlyoffset supplies, equipment,maintenanceandsupport,insurance, "` savings intheadministrativeexpenseswererealizeddueto # requirements, rentalsubsidy, specialallowancestostaff in to thestaff retirementfundtomeetincreasingfunding business travel. These savingswerepartlyoffset byoverruns (ii) otherexpensessuchasrelocation,staff consultants,and insurance, educationassistanceandseverancepay, and ` budget categoryweremainlyattributedtolower-than- same budgetcategories.Savingsintheoperationalexpenses met throughinter-item transfersorreallocationswithinthe and administrativeexpensesbudgetcategorieswerefully while overrunsincertainbudgetitemstheoperational was metthroughreallocationfromthegeneralcontingency, (Uzbekistan) inprovidinglogisticstothe43rdannualmeeting of Governorsmainlytosupportthehostgovernment to 2011. An overrunof$0.51millionundertheBoard budget amountingto$8.0millionisbeingcarriedforward about 1.82%ofthe2010internaladministrativeexpenses IED of$8.36million).Ofthetotalsavings$8.92million, to thebudgetof$439.49million(includingfor Evaluation Department(IED) of $8.22million,compared including theadministrativeexpensesforIndependent Internal administrativeexpensestotaled$430.57million EXPENSES INTERNAL ADMINISTRATIVE Staff RetirementPlaninfuture years. and potentiallyreducetherevealedcontributionratefor partially reducetheplan’s unfundedpastserviceliability plan year1October2009to30September2010. This isto of $63.147milliontotheStaff RetirementPlanforthe Management approved ADB’s additionalcontribution With theendorsementofPensionCommittee,

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION 105 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual OAS initiated the green building (Leadership in ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE />[=[XX focused on meeting the needs of an expanding bank. and Joy~Nostalg building, which now accommodates OAS renovated the cafeteria and In addition, staff. 112 ``\&- of a multistory car park. /the US Green Building Council, introduced three hybrid and laid the vehicles, built a rainwater harvesting facility, at headquarters. groundwork to generate solar energy The internal administrative expenses budget for 2011 The internal administrative expenses budget for 2011 In addition to internal administrative expenses, the and enhancement of security, and technology and automation and technology and and enhancement of security, systems, for which depreciation began in 2010. is $496.35 million, including a general contingency of 1% ($4.99 million) and after deducting $7.21 million of service to be recoverable from administrating trust estimated charges The increase offunds of multilateral and bilateral institutions. ?{[=>>[=[\ net The 2011 increase of 4.9% and a volume growth of 8%. IAE budget of $496.35 million consists of $8.95 million for ADB excluding IED. IED and $487.40 million for budget also includes an annual capital budget of 2011 $6.97 million, mainly to fund cyclical capital expenditures [ FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION 106 a singlelookandfeel. completed, andseveraldepartmentalwebsitesweregiven consulting, andprocurementsystems. The ADB portalwas lio managementforsovereignoperations,internaltravel, tions andintegratedservicescoveringprojectportfo- >[==**>[=[/6- Systems and Technology Strategy(ISTSII)inDecember In linewithtargeted completionoftheInformation AND TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION SYSTEMS dona tions; andcontinuedtherolloutofeTrip, theonline its communityrelationsprogramthroughequipment strengthened businesscontinuityprocedures;enhanced '' respond toemergencies; formedtheinterdepartmental cation toolandthecommunitywardensystemtobetter was expandedtoincludeprivatesectorresearch. action plans. The functionoftheinformationcoordinators (2010–2012) wasreconvenedtoformulateuser-driven applications. The LibraryServicesSteeringCommittee nities ofpracticethroughmobileandGooglemap-based through iLinkproductsandinformationaccesstocommu- manage and clientorientationtrainingtostrengthencontract providers wasenhancedthroughmanagementworkshops asset inventoryandmonitoring.Partnershipwithservice streamline criticalprocessesandcontinuedtoautomate mission travelbookingtool. in 2010 time wasreduced by5% disbursement processing volume of16%,theaverage disbursement transaction Despite anincrease in OAS launchedthe ADB EmergencyAlert communi- OAS enhanceditsinformationmanagementrole OAS alsorevieweditsinternalbusinessprocessesto Asian DevelopmentBank ment andimproveservicedelivery. increased coordinationand interaction withthevarious of Processes (SBP)2010 dations andrevisionsfrom ADB’s actively contributedtoandimplementedtherecommen- improving bothitsservicestoexternalandinternal clients, technical assistancedisbursements,andaccounting, line itsbusinessprocessesintheareaofloan,grant,and The Controller’s Department(CTL)continuedto stream- AND ACCOUNTING ASSISTANCE DISBURSEMENTS, LOAN, GRANT, ANDTECHNICAL @ >@ support. extended servicestoa12-hourwindowforheadquarters X# # X available formoststaff regardlessoflocation,whilethe and e-mailservices.Mobilecomputingmadeaccess requirements toexpandserviceswithincostconstraints. took accountofgrowingdemandforaccesstoIT and following internationalIT standards. framework tofurtheralignIT tobusinessrequirements, implementation ofacomprehensiveprojectmanagement IT governancemodelwasstrengthenedalongwiththe continuing commitmenttostandardsandcompliance. The This exercisehasbeenembeddedintoIT tosustain ADB’s SOX Attestation overinternalcontrolsbyexternalauditors. expanding theuseofvideoconferencing. and servercapacitydatastorageincreased. ADB isalso < technology wasputinplacetoincreasebandwidthconnec- tions beingrolledoutforISTSII,newtelecommunications ning platforms,andinpreparationfortheintegratedapplica- were replacedwithstandardOracleenterpriseresourceplan- foundation for ADB’s IT systems.Severalobsoletesystems Better andFasterLoanDelivery. The implementationoftherevisions hasresultedin Completion ofseveralotherinfrastructureprojects The IT departmentparticipated tosuccessfullyobtain Enterprise architecturewasestablishedtoprovideasolid initiative,insupportof ADB’s goal

Streamlined Business

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

107 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual complete, the outcomes of this initiative of this initiative complete, the outcomes CTL continued facilitating Management’s assertion assertion continued facilitating Management’s CTL CTL provided accounting support for new trust provided accounting support for new trust CTL FINANCIAL REPORTINGFINANCIAL accounting policies Department revised The Controller’s - on inter- conducted a preliminary study cial crisis. CTL ]Y ally possible future transition to IFRS from US gener a standards. accepted accounting principles (GAAP)-based on Development Unit arranged training and the Staff CTL this area. capacity in IFRS to strengthen staff controls attestation on internal and the external auditor’s /6 the assertion and improve corporate governance. In 2010, >[[ ADBI) (except for attestation for OCR and Special Funds Manage- In addition, Touche. Deloitte & external auditor, funds in 2010. ment expanded the testing to include trust internal awareness of This process strengthened staff controls. Training on internal controls, risk assessments, Training controls. and testing skills was strengthened. funds, including the Credit Guarantee and Investment Fund, and the Technology ADB Climate the Facility, ADB can meet its to ensure Strategic Climate Fund, ADB - #X implemented a new accounting Technology, Systems and # Budget, Personnel and Management Systems Department, These changes also centralized payroll processing. CTL < for loan, grant, and technical assistance disbursements, assistance disbursements, grant, and technical for loan, and servicing loan accounting new A and accounting. and will be available for website is under development providing compre- clients in 2011, external and internal data and tools for loan administra- hensive loan-related tion. When internal control. Enhancements and revisions to CTL’s Service Level revisions to CTL’s Enhancements and SLS have The improvements and revisions to CTL’s provided 27 seminars and workshops In 2010, CTL #<X- empowerment of CTL’s national staff, resulting in national staff, empowerment of CTL’s \ ` clients. ADB’s improved responsiveness to # located in resi- of grants to the disbursement units processing dent missions, further reducing the required developing time, and increasing communication with member country clients for these transactions. departments during the project processing stage to further processing stage during the project departments ensuring critical functions: most of CTL’s enhance one * for the project. and disbursement arrangements Disbursement Processing (introduced Standards (SLS) for a series of process streamlining in 2009), along with operations, has helped the measures in its disbursement expanding continually ADB’s department to manage / disbursement transaction volume of 16%, the average {>[=[# gains can be attributed to these factors: # in further The streamlining measures have resulted # processing The initiation of delegation of disbursement of the effectiveness served as a valuable tool in enhancing member its capacity development initiatives for developing country borrowers, executing agencies, implementing by allowing for the design of ADB staff, agencies, and more customized seminars and workshops tailored to " for over 1,000 participants in DMCs. Disbursement units in resident missions have also played a critical role in this area, by providing numerous capacity-building activities The resident mission disburse- in DMCs. clients ADB’s to contributions in this area are expected to ment units’ client to boost CTL’s continue to expand, in an effort service and responsiveness further. to enhance its systems Technology mation Systems and CHAPTER 15 APPENDIXES

> ''_^\{"^\"*{`_ >} | _^"^]_]*__^{"|}>} >>} ^\{"\^_*]"\"{{_^"^\^^_"|}>} >>} _]*__^ >>> _]"_\_^"**_{^ >> \''"^]_]"_\_^ >> @ "^""^_\\" >> ~ _*""^_\_ >> ]_'_{_^"^"\{_^"^ >>@ >} ^''_]"_'""^_"{^^N|}>}*]_|}>> >>~ >> '*'^]]_{_^"]''_^ >> >| '_]_"{^""^"_^"'"^^"^ >|} > *_`"_^"'"^^"^&_'?_"^]]{^""^_' >|> > ^\`*{_\^] >|| > "_^^]_^_"*^ >| APPENDIXES ? b 109 % of total ? & { a % of total Annual Report 2010 Report Annual proportional votes. The basic votes of each member consist of such number of votes as proportional votes. The basic votes of each member consist of the aggregate sum of results from the equal distribution among all members of 20% of proportional votes the basic votes and proportional votes of all members. The number stock of ADB held by of each member is equal to the number of shares of the capital that member. power of members will change from time to time during the subscription period. power of members will change from time to time during the Austria 1966 0.386 0.608 0.608 5.051 0.608 0.608 2.413 1.940 0.402 0.386 4.229 0.386 5.940 0.386 0.386 0.608 2.643 0.608 0.608 _*" 0.402 4.913 1966 Austria 0.129 2.052 0.608 1966 Belgium 0.402 1966 Canada 1966 Denmark 1966 Finland 0.386 0.475 0.386 1970 France 0.129 0.386 1966 Germany 2006 Ireland 0.386 1966 Italy 0.129 2003 Luxembourg 0.221 The Netherlands Norway 1966 2002 Portugal Spain 1986 Sweden 1966 Switzerland 1967 1966 1991 Turkey United Kingdom United States 1.165 ^ 1.230 other details, see table on may not sum precisely due to rounding. For Notes: Totals 1966 2 of 2010 (OCR-7) in Volume Power Statement of Subscriptions to Capital Stock and Voting Annual Report. 1966 shareholding and voting Subscription to the fifth general capital increase are ongoing; 2.319 2.154 a 5.908 Subscribed capital refers to a member’s subscription to shares of the capital stock of ADB. sum of its basic votes and b The total voting power of each member consists of the 5.025 |~! |~!~ >}}!}}} >}}!}}} ' & ^ \ ? b % of total ? & { a % of total 1966 0.016 0.311 1966 0.016 of 1990 0.002 0.300 Armenia 2005 0.339 0.570 5.555 0.329 0.304 0.703 0.360 1.226 0.339 0.038 0.343 6.571 0.505 6.050 0.609 0.007 1.160 _*" 14.477 1966 Afghanistan 2005 Armenia 0.056 0.077 5.246 1966 Australia 1999 Azerbaijan 0.302 1973 Bangladesh 0.388 1982 Bhutan 1.031 7.190 Brunei Darussalam 1966 Cambodia 17.723 Republic of China, People’s 6.185 Cook Islands Fiji 1970 1986 0.005 0.916 Georgia 2007 2006 China Hong Kong, 7.318 India 1966 0.133 Indonesia 1966 6.153 Japan 1966 0.405 Kazakhstan 1994 1976 Kiribati 1974 1969 Republic of Korea, 0.003 Republic Kyrgyz 0.618 Democratic Republic Lao People’s 0.301 0.793 1966 1994 5.721 4.875 0.340 0.570 Malaysia 1966 3.092 2.772 0.302 3.092 0.005 Malaysia 1966 Maldives 1978 Marshall Islands States Micronesia, Federated 1990 0.003 0.301 ' & 0.302 0.312 0.432 0.793 0.301 2.278 0.017 0.005 0.299 0.618 0.167 2.463 0.402 2.474 0.004 Mongolia 1991 Myanmar 1973 0.559 Nauru 1991 1.535 0.001 0.302 1.288 2.706 Nepal 1966 New Zealand 0.129 0.299 1966 Pakistan 0.307 2003 Palau New Guinea Papua 0.325 1.237 Philippines 1966 0.305 0.529 1.546 0.910 Samoa 1966 0.005 Singapore 1966 0.011 1966 Solomon Islands 1971 0.001 Sri Lanka 1966 Taipei,China 1.744 0.288 1998 Tajikistan 0.107 0.765 0.008 Thailand 1966 1.694 2002 Timor-Leste 0.384 1973 1972 Tonga 2000 Turkmenistan 1993 Tuvalu 0.008 Uzbekistan 1995 1966 0.305 1981 Vanuatu Viet Nam 0.659 ^ 0.825 1966 0.129 0.402 @>!> @>!>@ APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX Power Voting Capital Stock, and Members, 2010) (as of 31 December ^ \ APPENDIXES 110 4 Alcto fNtIcm 4May 17December 17December 4 May AmendmenttoSection7(B)(A) oftheBy-Laws DecisionsRelatingtoSection 5oftheBy-Laws ReductionofContributionbyNaurutotheFifthReplenishment 347 PlaceandDateofForty-Fourth AnnualMeeting(2011) 346 AllocationofNetIncome FinancialStatements,Management’sReportonInternalControl 345 344 343 342 Note: IftheBoarddiscussedanR-paperandaW-paper in2010,onlytheBoarddateforR-paperisgiven. ugto h sa eeomn akfr21 17December 21October 17November 15 December 21April 6October 22July 16December 20October 17December 16July Asian DevelopmentBankInstituteThree-Year RollingWork Program2011–2013andBudgetfor2011 Budget oftheAsianDevelopmentBankfor2011 Review oftheAsianDevelopmentBank’sLoanChargesandAllocation2010NetIncome 20October Additional Financing:EnhancingDevelopmentEffectiveness Borrowing Programfor2011 Refinements toADB’sResultsFramework Review ofADB’sPolicy-Based Lending 12April Annual ReviewofSalariesandBenefitsforHeadquartersNationalOfficersAdministrativeStaff { 2010 ComprehensiveReviewofSalariesandBenefitsforProfessionalStaff Work ProgramandBudgetFramework, 2011–2013 Capital ExpenditureProposalfortheRiskManagementSystem Afghanistan: ProposedSuspensionofthePost-Conflict AssistancePhaseout 2009 DevelopmentEffectivenessReview Review oftheAsianDevelopmentBank’sLoanChargesandAllocation2009NetIncome Our People Strategy ^\ Selected Policy, Strategy, andFinancialPapers DiscussedbytheBoardin2010 APPENDIX 3 ^\ _^"! Resolutions oftheBoardGovernorsAdoptedin2010 APPENDIX 2 Asian DevelopmentBank fteTcnclAssac pca ud 30August 4May of theTechnical AssistanceSpecialFund of theAsianDevelopmentFund andSecondRegularizedReplenishment Over FinancialReportingandIndependentAuditors’Reports 6 December 21 January APPENDIXES 111 (Vice Chair) Josef Pröll, Austria Annual Report 2010 Report Annual (Chair) Nguyen Van Giau, Viet Nam Nguyen Van Wangdi Norbu, Bhutan Norbu, Wangdi (Vice Chair) (Vice ''_Afghanistan Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Belgium Bhutan Brunei Darussalam *__ Omar Zakhilwal Cambodia Canada Nerses Yeritsyan Republic of China, People’s Swan, MP Wayne Cook Islands Samir Sharifov Denmark Josef Pröll Abul Maal A. Muhith Fiji Dato Abdul Rahman Ibrahim Pehin Xie Xuren Finland Reynders Didier France Germany Norbu Wangdi Georgia Chhon Keat China Hong Kong, Lawrence Cannon India Abdul Qadeer Fitrat Mohd Roselan Mohd Daud Mark Brown _*__ Indonesia Ireland Mushegh Tumasyan Susan Ulbæk MP David Bradbury, Italy Md. Musharraf Hossain Bhuiyan Japan Kazakhstan Ritva Koukku-Ronde Shahin Mustafayev Bainimarama Josaia Voreqe Chun-wah John Tsang Kiribati Christine Lagarde Gudrun Kopp Günther Schönleitner Republic of Korea, Gino Alzetta Kakha Baindurashvili Republic Kyrgyz Li Yong Democratic Republic Lao People’s Nim Dorji Luxembourg Martowardojo Agus D.W. Mukherjee Pranab Somdy Douangdy Malaysia James A. Haley Moniroth Aun Porn Maldives Brian Lenihan, T.D. Marshall Islands Garth Henderson Sada Sivan Reddy Jeung-Hyun Yoon Zhanar Aitazhanova Mario Draghi States of Micronesia, Federated Noda Yoshihiko Mongolia Martin Bille Hermann Norman Chan Hellman Chorobek Imashevich Imashev Pasi Myanmar Natan Teewe Finley S. Perman Nauru Ramon Fernandez Nepal Zurab Pololikashvili Luc Frieden Rolf Wenzel Armida Alisjahbana The Netherlands New Zealand Jack J. Ading Haji Abdul Razak Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Bin Tun Norway Ali Hashim Ashok Chawla Pakistan Somphao Phaysith Abdullah Abdul Aziz bin Wan Wan Sri Dr. Tan Emilbek Satarovich Umetaliev Michael J. McGrath Palau New Guinea Papua Ruslan Erbolatovich Dalenov Bayartsogt Sangajav Choongsoo Kim Philippines Hla Tun Portugal Ben Knapen Masaaki Shirakawa Carlo Monticelli Samoa MP Kieren Keke, Singapore Lorin Robert Bill English Surendra Pandey Atanteora Beiatau O’Neill, CMG MP Peter Fiskaa Ingrid Arsène Jacoby Abdul Hafeez Shaikh Amon Tibon Mariur Kerai Cesar Purisima Purevdorj Lkhasuren Ahmed As-ad dos Santos Teixeira Fernando Tharman Shanmugaratnam Lee-Hang Nickel Tim Drown Brandt Yoka Daw Myat Myat So Rameshore Prasad Khanal Simon Tosali John Whitehead Halim Sibtain Fazal Carlos Costa Pina Henrik Harboe Ong Boon Kwee Peter Jr. Amando M. Tetangco, Marino Rechesengel lulai Lavea Tupaimatuna APPENDIX 4 APPENDIX Governors Board of 2011) (as of 13 January APPENDIXES 112 itNm gynVnGa NguyenVan Binh GalinaSaidova RobertD.Hormats GeorgeSingaraManiuri MinuteAlapatiTaupo AlanDuncan JoaoMendesGoncalves TiofilusiTiueti AreepongBhoocha-oom MuhammetgeldiAtayev NguyenVan Giau Ming-ChungTseng MoanaKalosilCarcasses, MP Per Orneus KhamdamTagaymurodov RustamAzimov JoséManuelCampaFernández JurgBenz MoniseTuivaka Laafai TimothyGeithner P.B. Jayasundera _*__ AndrewMitchell Feleti Vaka’uta Sevele GuvanchmuradGeoklenov ShadrachFanega Viet Nam EmiliaPires Korn Chatikavanij Vanuatu MatlubkhonS.Davlatov Uzbekistan United States Fai-nan Perng United Kingdom JoakimStymne BeatriceMaserMallor Tuvalu ElenaSalgado MahindaRajapaksa Turkmenistan Tonga *__ Timor-Leste GordonDarcyLilo Thailand Tajikistan Taipei,China Switzerland Sweden Sri Lanka Spain Solomon Islands ''_ Asian DevelopmentBank APPENDIXES 113 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Kiribati; Federated States of Micronesia; Nauru; Palau; States of Micronesia; Nauru; Palau; Kiribati; Federated Solomon Islands; Tuvalu Sweden Norway, New Zealand, Samoa, Tonga Turkmenistan Democratic Republic, Tajikistan, Philippines, Timor-Leste Viet Nam Uzbekistan; Vanuatu; APPENDIX 5 APPENDIX Groups Directors and Voting Board of 2011) (as of 13 January #Phil Bowen Dereck Rooken-Smith '_ China; Hong Kong, Australia; Azerbaijan; Cambodia; Georgia; Howard Brown Richard Edwards Jacob A. Rooimans Marwanto Harjowiryono C. J. (Stan) Vandersyp Eduard Westreicher Ashok K. Lahiri Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, The Netherlands, Michele Miari Fulcis Republic, Armenia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, Kyrgyz Bounleua Sinxayvolavong United Kingdom Luxembourg, Turkey, Robert M. Orr Austria, Germany, Jose Miguel Cortes Masakazu Sakaguchi Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Lao People’s Siraj S. Shamsuddin Watanabe Maureen Grewe Yasuto Jaejung Song Gaudencio S. Hernandez, Jr. Spain, Switzerland Portugal, Italy, Belgium, France, Chaiyuth Sudthitanakorn Kazakhstan, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Pakistan, Japan United States Govinda Bahadur Thapa Yingming Yang Wilson Kamit Nepal, Singapore, Thailand Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Myanmar, Xiuzhen Guan New Guinea; Sri Lanka; Taipei,China; Papua Republic of Korea; Republic of China People’s APPENDIXES 114 Committees oftheBoardDirectors APPENDIX 6 Asian DevelopmentBank \ Gaudencio S.Hernandez,Jr. _\ Michele MiariFulcis Chaiyuth Sudthitanakorn Marwanto Harjowiryono Govinda BahadurThapa Yingming Yang Ashok K.Lahiri C. J.(Stan)Vandersyp Dereck Rooken-Smith Masakazu Sakaguchi Jacob A. Rooimans Jacob A. Jose MiguelCortes \ Yasuto Watanabe Richard Edwards Maureen Grewe Robert M.Orr Jaejung Song Phil Bowen (Chair) (Chair) (Chair) |}>}_`* Dereck Rooken-Smith Wilson Kamit Wilson Jacob A. Rooimans Jacob A. Yasuto Watanabe Maureen Grewe Xiuzhen Guan (Chair) \_\ Marwanto Harjowiryono _\ Siraj S.Shamsuddin Eduard Westreicher Bounleua Sinxayvolavong Chaiyuth Sudthitanakorn Masakazu Sakaguchi Siraj S.Shamsuddin \ Richard Edwards Yingming Yang Howard Brown Howard Brown Ashok K.Lahiri Xiuzhen Guan Robert M.Orr Jaejung Song Wilson Kamit Wilson Phil Bowen (Chair) (Chair) (Chair) APPENDIXES 115 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Acting Director of the International Development Program, The Paul H. Nitze School The Paul Development Program, of the International Acting Director and Government, Australian National Crawford School of Economics Director and Professor, Australia University, Masahiro Kawai (January 2007–present) 2007) McCawley (January 2003–January Peter (January 1999–January 2003) Masaru Yoshitomi (December 1997–January 1999) Estanislao Jesus P. " APPENDIX 7 APPENDIX "\ 2010) (as of 31 December Dornsife Cinnamon Masahisa Fujita Eric Girardin Stephen Howes Japan and Industry, Trade Institute of Economy, Research President and Chief Research Officer, Li Yong Sanjiv Misra Aix-Marseille, France of Economics, Université de la Méditerranée, Professor Juzhong Zhuang United States International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, of Advanced Asian Development Bank (acting Advisory Council member) Deputy Chief Economist, Minister of State, Government of India Former Republic of China People’s Vice Minister of Finance, Ministry of Finance, APPENDIXES ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OFFICE OF REGIONAL OFFICE OFREGIONAL 116 (as of28February 2011) Organizational Structure APPENDIX 8 ConcurrentChiefComplianceOfficer. 4 TheIndependentEvaluationDepartment reportstotheBoardofDirectors 3 TheComplianceReviewPanel reportstotheBoardofDirectors. 2 For alistofmanagementandseniorstaff, gotowww.adb.org/About/ 1 R. May, SpecialProjectFacilitator OFFICE OFRISKMANAGEMENT I. Azis,Head K. Moktan,AuditorGeneral DEPARTMENT OFEXTERNAL A. Quon,PrincipalDirector A. (Infrastructure andWater) through theDevelopment EffectivenessCommittee. management.asp K. Sakai,DirectorGeneral THE AUDITOR GENERAL ANTICORRUPTION AND OFFICE OFTHESPECIAL STRATEGY ANDPOLICY Special SeniorAdvisor PROJECT FACILITATOR ASIAN DEVELOPMENT J. Limandibrata,Head P. Pedersen, Head BANK INSTITUTE M. Kawai,Dean DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF INTEGRITY OFFICE OF A. Thapan A. RELATIONS Asian DevelopmentBank OFFICE OF THE COMPLIANCE OFFICE OFTHECOMPLIANCE B. Purdue,Secretary REVIEW PANEL (Knowledge Managementand REGIONAL ANDSUSTAINABLE 2 ECONOMICS ANDRESEARCH ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT Resident DirectorGeneral Resident DirectorGeneral Sustainable Development)

Resident DirectorGeneral REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE (Vacant), ChiefEconomist X. Yao, DIRECTOR GENERAL NORTH AMERICAN > U. Schäfer-Preuss VICE-PRESIDENT K. Nakamori MANAGING EUROPEAN DEPARTMENT A. Monari A. JAPANESE 4 (Vacant) Director General R. Nag B. Hitchcock,CountryDirector O. Norojono,CountryDirector R. Hiraoka,CountryDirector K. Higuchi,CountryDirector T. Kandiah,CountryDirector S. Rahman,DirectorGeneral R. Stroem,CountryDirector J. Miranda,DirectorGeneral J. Tokeshi, CountryDirector R. Vokes, CountryDirector SOUTH ASIADEPARTMENT R. Rinker, CountryDirector CENTRAL ANDWESTASIA H. Kim,CountryDirector BOARD OFGOVERNORSBOARD BOARD OFDIRECTORS BOARD G. Li,CountryDirector RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION VICE-PRESIDENT (Operations 1) AFGHANISTAN BANGLADESH KAZAKHSTAN DEPARTMENT PRESIDENT H. Kuroda UZBEKISTAN AZERBAIJAN TAJIKISTAN SRI LANKA PAKISTAN X. Zhao KYRGYZ NEPAL INDIA A. Ruthenberg,RegionalDirector A. K. Gerhaeusser, DirectorGeneral C. Steffensen,CountryDirector P. Kamayana, C. LawrenceGreenwood,Jr. P. Heytens,CountryDirector C. Andrews,CountryDirector A. Konishi,A. CountryDirector J. Nugent,CountryDirector C. Chong,CountryDirector E. Zhukov, RegionalDirector R. Wihtol, DirectorGeneral R. Wihtol, H. Sharif, Principal Director K. Senga,DirectorGeneral (Vacant), CountryDirector N. Jain,CountryDirector EAST ASIADEPARTMENT SPECIAL LIAISON OFFICE SPECIAL LIAISONOFFICE COORDINATION OFFICE CENTRAL OPERATIONS SUBREGIONAL OFFICE Resident Representative PACIFIC DEPARTMENT PACIFIC LIAISONAND PAPUA NEWGUINEA RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION RESIDENT MISSION SOUTHEAST ASIA VICE-PRESIDENT COUNTRY OFFICE SERVICES OFFICE (Operations 2) IN TIMOR-LESTE DEPARTMENT PHILIPPINES MONGOLIA CAMBODIA CAMBODIA INDONESIA VIET NAM THAILAND THAILAND C. Sugden, LAO PDR PACIFIC

PRC Country Director H. Rao,DirectorGeneral INDEPENDENT EVALUATION DEPARTMENT 3

Cofinancing Operations) PRIVATE SECTOROPERATIONS (Private Sectorand P. Erquiaga,DirectorGeneral L. Venkatachalam VICE-PRESIDENT OFFICE OFCOFINANCING T. Kondo, Head DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS S. Chander, PrincipalDirector J. Hovland,GeneralCounsel ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES T. deLonguemar, Treasurer R. Dawson,TheSecretary INFORMATION SYSTEMS B. Lee,PrincipalDirector THE GENERALCOUNSEL (Finance andAdministration) AND TECHNOLOGY H. Jung,Controller THE SECRETARY CONTROLLER’S DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF OFFICE OF OFFICE OF OFFICE OF OFFICE OF TREASURY VICE-PRESIDENT M. Tamagawa, DirectorGeneral B. Lohani BUDGET, PERSONNEL,AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT APPENDIXES 117 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual

{_^"^ Watanabe Takeshi Inoue Shiro Yoshida Taroichi Fujioka Masao Tarumizu Kimimasa Sato Mitsuo Chino Tadao "\{_^"^ C.S. Krishna Moorthi 24 November 1966–24 November 1972 Bambawale A.T. M. Narasimham S. Stanley Katz 24 November 1976–23 November 1981 25 November 1972–23 November 1976 Chung In Yong 24 November 1989–23 November 1993 24 November 1981–23 November 1989 William R. Thomson Günther G. Schulz Bong-Suh Lee 1993–15 January 1999 24 November Pierre Uhel 16 January 1999–31 January 2005 1978 19 December 1966–31 March H. Sullivan Peter Myoung-Ho Shin 1978–28 October 1985 1 April John Lintjer 1 November 1985–31 July 1988 Joseph B. Eichenberger van der Linden Geert H.P.B. 1 April 1978–28 September 1990 1 October 1990–30 June 1994 Khempheng Pholsena 1988–31 July 1993 1 August Liqun Jin 1 April 1983–30 June 1995 1 August 1993–31 July 1998 6 July 1994–20 September 2000 November 1998 1 July 1995–24 1 September 2003–31 August 2006 August 1998–31 July 2003 1 15 December 2000–23 December 2005 5 April 2004–4 April 2007 1999–16 January 2004 18 January 1 August 2003–18 July 2008 APPENDIX 9 APPENDIX and Vice-Presidents ADB Presidents Former 2011) (as of 31 January APPENDIXES 118 ! >~ | @ | >~> *\ ! !#@|} @ }@|~ @ @@} @@|} # ! ! @~||@ } ~ ~ # \! " !\G ~}}} G f NetIAEbudgetfor2011consistsof$8,950,000theIndependentEvaluationDepartment(IED)and$487,402,000ADBexclu e Thisamount($6,875,000)reflectstheestimatedtotalexpensesapportionedforadministeringtrustfundsduringyear. d G c Anamountof$513,400wastransferredfromthegeneralcontingencytoBoardGovernorsbudgetcategorymeetoverrun. b Transfers weremadebetweenbudgetitemswithoutexceedingtheoriginalamountofeach categorytomeetoverrunswithinthes a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. … =nodataavailableornotcalculated,“0”magnitudezero,()negative,IAEinternal administrativeexpenses. \" "! ($ ^"#N|}>}|}>> APPENDIX 10 thousand) !*\ ~ } >~ *\ ]! ! ~ ~ }> | }@> ~~ ~~ " ! !"\~~@| ~@> ~~ ~~ "\ ! !_]@ &@?&~@? &~@? &@? _] *! ! || |>|@|~ |>@ || || ! ! ||} |@ ||} * ! (about 1.8%ofthe2010netIAEbudget)hasbeencarriedoverto2011. In 2006,theBoardapprovedintroductionofabudgetcarryoverupto2%netIAE tothenextyear, beginningwitht Asian DevelopmentFund, $225,911,000;andJapanSpecialFund andJapanScholarshipProgram,$841,000. adjustments (-$54,000).Total adjustedadministrative expensesof$521,003,000reflectedinthefinancialstatementsarealloca compensated absences($2,594,000);(v)accruedresettlementandrepatriationallowances ($1,258,000) andseverancepayments($1 (ii) actuarialassessmentofcostsassociatedwithpensionbenefitobligations($38,698,000); (iii)expenseschargedtothebud the financialstatementstocomplywithgenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples,andrecording andreportingrequirements: Includes $841,000inexpensesassociatedwithJapanSpecialFund ($733,000)andJapanScholarshipProgram($108,000).Excludes iclaeu 76 76 64 918 624 736 736 Miscellaneous ercain 1,3 724 1,3 18,484 17,234 17,234 16,934 Depreciation nuac 352 352 321 4,146 3,211 3,572 3,572 Insurance otata evcs 779 1,4 821 22,121 18,241 18,241 17,719 Contractual Services qimn,mitnneadspot ,7 ,7 ,5 7,892 7,054 7,172 7,172 Equipment, maintenanceandsupport fieSple 154 154 157 2,079 1,537 1,584 1,584 Office Supplies irr 125 124 123 1,481 1,243 1,244 1,235 Library fieOcpny 032 2,6 035 25,030 20,315 20,362 20,372 Office Occupancy omnctos ,0 ,1 ,9 8,577 6,998 7,215 7,906 Communications ersnain 4 4 3 490 330 442 442 Representation uiesTae 2,4 850 2,0 31,919 26,704 28,540 28,540 Business Travel oslat 2,3 492 2,8 29,293 24,081 24,902 25,630 Consultants eoain ,1 ,2 ,2 7,922 5,722 5,723 7,813 Relocation tf eeomn 530 560 560 6,323 5,610 5,610 5,330 Staff Development eeis 0,4 0,6 0,6 111,872 103,266 103,266 100,240 Benefits aais 6,8 6,0 6,9 190,408 167,897 167,900 168,388 Salaries needn vlain ,6 ,6 ,2 8,950 8,220 8,363 8,363 Independent Evaluation conaiiyMcaim ,4 ,4 ,6 2,839 2,162 2,742 2,742 Accountability Mechanism fie fteDrcos 487 1,4 425 15,509 14,235 14,847 14,847 Offices oftheDirectors Asian DevelopmentBank |}>} a b b get carryover($5,475,000);(iv)accumulated

ted asordinarycapitalresources,$294,251,000; (i)postretirementmedicalbenefits($8,319,000); he 2007budget.Accordingly, $8.0million ame category. |@ ||@ |@ ding IED. the followingadjustmentsincorporatedin ,314,000); and(vi)othermiscellaneous ~ } f c d ~~} |}>> &@|>? G e APPENDIXES 119 ^ ^ " Annual Report 2010 Report Annual '_*" AustriaBelgiumCanada ' DenmarkFinlandFranceGermany 0Ireland 0Italy 0Luxembourg 0The Netherlands 0 9Norway 9 0Portugal 1 45Spain 8 0Sweden 0 0 0 7Switzerland 0 0 33Turkey 37 0United Kingdom 0 0 9 United States 1 15 0 9 2 1 45 16 ^ 0 2 0 8 0 0 0 8 0 4 0 33 0 40 4 0 1 0 13 15 1 9 7 2 2 37 0 16 0 130 4 0 4 0 0 } 0 4 13 2 0 9 7 37 5 133 4 @ >}| >~} |~ ^ ^ " ' ' _*" AfghanistanArmeniaAustraliaAzerbaijanBangladeshBhutan 0Brunei DarussalamCambodia 0 China, People’s 0of 0 Republic 0 0 0Cook IslandsFiji 1 0Georgia 56 0 China 0Hong Kong, 15 9 0India 1Indonesia 0 5 15 3Japan 8 0 4Kazakhstan 0 49 0 63Kiribati 0 6 64 0 Republic ofKorea, 0 0 4 58 RepublicKyrgyz 22 5 0 0 Lao People’s 1Republic 44 Democratic 0 2 0 3 Malaysia 3 1 0 0 22 108 Maldives 0 0 0 39Marshall Islands 78Micronesia, 0 138 5 49 12 5 States of Federated 2 5 Mongolia 40 7 46Myanmar 0 0 15 0 7 Nauru 0 0 4 1 8Nepal 125 17 79 New Zealand 7 143 Pakistan 1 29 50 13 0 19 0Palau 0 0 0 New GuineaPapua 14 Philippines 1 0Samoa 0 0 0 1Singapore 3 0 0 0Solomon Islands 2 0 29 Sri Lanka 0 17 0Taipei,China 0 0 10 0 0Tajikistan 8 1 0Thailand 24 0 0 0Timor-Leste 13 0 0Tonga 1 37 32 2 Turkmenistan 0 0 8 40Tuvalu 0 17 1 0 9Uzbekistan 0 1,322 41 Vanuatu 0 0 64 0 9 1,359 10Viet Nam 4 0 0 ^ 0 0 0 1 2 10 25 1 0 0 0 0 1 9 0 0 11 3 0 35 10 4 3 6 0 13 2 20 0 0 6 4 16 1 2 3 >@~ 0 30 22 | 1 0 36 APPENDIX 11 APPENDIX '^_' 2010) (as of 31 December APPENDIXES 120 ExcludesYoung ProfessionalsandBoardofDirectors. d CoverstheCookIslands,Fiji,Kiribati,Samoa,Tonga, andTuvalu. c CoversNauru,SolomonIslands,andVanuatu. b Includesoutpostedpositions. a Number ofAuthorizedPositions inResidentMissions APPENDIX 12 ^ ^ ^ ^ " ^ _' \ (2010) _ Headquarters au e una 4 14 7 6 2 4 3 4 2 Special LiaisonOfficeinTimor-Leste Papua NewGuinea Pacific SubregionalOfficeinFiji _| >>| |~}} >|} > ~| _ Bangladesh 8 19 23 50 | } | | > Europe 2 ^ 1 2 5 India 12 25 30 67 Japan 2 1 2 5 Nepal 4 14 14 32 ot mrc 2 2 5 2 1 2 North America r ak 4 3 0 27 10 13 4 Sri Lanka > ^ Azerbaijan 1 Afghanistan 6 4 8 1 8 22 6 ygzRpbi 2 3 10 3 5 2 Pakistan 10 Kyrgyz Republic Kazakhstan 6 18 5 6 19 17 47 Armenia 0 Uzbekistan 3 Tajikistan 3 3 6 4 7 3 8 16 6 15 Georgia 0 3 3 6 Turkmenistan 0 2 2 4 Turkey 0 1 0 1 hn,Pol’ eulco 1 2 2 55 22 22 11 China, People’s Republicof Indonesia 11 Cambodia 6 Mongolia 4 17 10 6 16 8 4 44 24 14 itNm 3 4 3 40 13 20 14 7 13 9 4 Viet Nam Thailand 7 Philippines 5 Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic 5 4 4 4 13 16 Pacific LiaisonandCoordinationOfficeinSydney Asian DevelopmentBank d 842 377 962 2,181 c 5 5 8 18 b 35 5 13 3 5 APPENDIXES 121 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Pacific Liaison and Coordination Office (PLCO) Pacific || | | | | | | b |} a 134 130 119 112 107 96 80 87 65 72 875 791 797 836 892 824 824 982 729 759 f d 503 392 468 526 362 429 447 614 291 312 202 209 143 153 188 234 163 171 104 118 g e in Sydney, Australia. in Sydney, Administrative Staff Administrative {"^^{International Staff |}199 149 190 214 138 167 181 236 110 127 |>> |>~@ ||| |>} >}|} |} >}@> |~> >> |~ >>~ |} >| |~}} >|@> >} >@~ >>~ > Total Authorized Positions at RM Authorized Positions Total "^&"^?^&^? {_'International Staff 279 317 361 389 437 > 448 >} 490 || 520 |} 553 |@} 604 |@ }} |> ~ _'&_'? >@ >~ |}}> |}}| |}} |}} |}} _'{ |}} |}}@ |}}~ |}} |}>} National Staff Administrative Staff Administrative {_' {"^^{_' Staff "^^{Staff International 1,120 Staff 1,034 1,040 1,077 1,132 1,057 1,069 1,204 1,035 1,045 National >!Administrative >!} >! >! >@! >@!@ >~! >!13.6 13.6 14.6 13.4 11.7 10.1 10.9 13.0 >!> 8.9 19.6 17.8 18.9 |}!| 9.5 17.6 16.9 13.3 14.3 15.8 38.1 40.2 39.7 12.2 10.6 40.2 |}!38.3 39.5 39.0 38.0 |>!37.8 35.7 |}!~ |>!} |>!@ |!} |>! |! |! |!> National Staff APPENDIX 13 APPENDIX at RMs Staff Positions (RMs) and Authorized Resident Missions Growth in c Turkey. Excludes regional office in d Includes outposted positions. e Includes 1 NS provided for Turkey. f Professionals and Board of Directors. Excludes Young g Classification of national and admistrative staff started only in 2003. a but excludes Thailand Resident Mission (TRM). Includes Special Office in Timor-Leste, b Office in Fiji (SPSO); and Subregional Excludes Thailand Resident Mission (TRM); Azerbaijan Resident Mission (AZRM); Pacific APPENDIXES 122 ADBI. ^"{'"^" ___. ^{ APPENDIX 14 Bauer, andM.Thant(eds.). A., ___. Brooks, D.,andS.Stone(eds.). Dervis, K.,M.Kawai,andD.Lombardi(eds.). Kawai, M.,andJ.W. Lee(eds.). Kawai, M.,andM.Lamberte(eds.). Kawai, M., and G. Wignaraja (eds.). Kawai, M.,andG.Wignaraja Kawai, M.,andG.Pasadilla (eds.). McCawley, P., andS.Jayasuriya(eds.). Bosworth, BarryandSusanCollins.RebalancingtheUSEconomy Bhattacharyay, BiswaNath.InstitutionsforAsianConnectivity. No.220.June. Bhattacharyay, BiswaNath.FinancingAsia’sInfrastructure:Modesof Bhattacharyay, BiswaNath.EstimatingDemandforInfrastructureinEnergy, Banomyong, Ruth.SupplyChainDynamicsinAsia.No.184.January. Asher, MukulG.TheGlobalEconomicCrisis:AnOpportunityfor Anbumozhi, Venkatachalam andArminBauer. ImpactofGlobalRecession Aldaba, RafaelitaandGloriaPasadilla. TheASEANServicesSectorandthe Aizenman, Joshua,MenzieD.Chinn,andHiroIto.TheFinancialCrisis,Rethinking Aizenman, Joshua.InternationalReservesandSwapLinesinTimesofFinancial Adams, Charles.TheRoleoftheStateinManagingandForestalling Systemic ADBI WorkingPaperSeries `{ McCawley, P., andS.Jayasuriya. De, Prabir, MuthiSamudram,andSanjeevMoholkar. Trends inNationaland De, Prabir. Governance,Institutions,andRegionalInfrastructureinAsia. Chow, HweeKwan.AsianTigers’Choices:AnOverview. No.238.August. Chia, SiowYue. Trade andInvestment Policies andRegionalEconomic Chia, SiowYue. RegionalTrade Policy CooperationandArchitecture Brooks, DouglasandSusanStone.AcceleratingRegionalIntegration:Issues in Asia. Impacts andResponsestotheGlobalEconomicCrisis. in Asia. for aFramework. Global Economy. Demand. Postcrisis Challenge. Business Responding? Development andIntegrationofAsianFinancialMarkets.No.229.July. the Pacific: 2010–2020.No.248.September. Transport, Telecommunications, Water andSanitationinAsia Strengthening Asia’sSocialProtectionSystems?No.198.February. on SustainableDevelopmentandPoverty Linkages.No.227.July. Growth RebalancingModel.No.246.September. of theGlobalFinancialArchitecture,andTrilemma. No.213.April. Distress: OverviewandInterpretations.No.192.February. Financial Crises:SomeIssuesandPerspectives. No.242.August. Edward Elgar. Reconstruction afteraDisaster. No. 245.September. Regional InvestorsFinancingCrossborder InfrastructureProjectsinAsia. No. 183.January. Integration inEastAsia.No.210.April. in EastAsia.No.191.February. at theBorder. No.200.February. in aPost-Crisis World. No.236.August. after aDisaster—Highlights. Policy RecommendationstoSecureBalancedandSustainableGrowth Promoting FinancialInclusionthroughInnovativePolicies. ADBI: Year inReview2009. Asian DevelopmentBank Tokyo: ADBI. Cheltenham,UnitedKingdom:EdwardElgar. Tokyo: ADBI. Washington, DC:BrookingsInstitutionPress. Cheltenham,UnitedKingdom:EdwardElgar. Tokyo: ADBI. Cheltenham, UnitedKingdom:EdwardElgar. Rebalancing forSustainableGrowth:Asia’s Poverty andSustainableDevelopmentinAsia: Trade FacilitationandRegionalCooperation The AsianTsunami: AidandReconstruction Tokyo: ADBI. Tokyo: ADBI. Cheltenham,UnitedKingdom: Effects ofSocialPolicyonDomestic Managing CapitalFlows:Search Asia’s FreeTrade Agreements:Howis The AsianTsunami: Aidand Asia andPolicymakingforthe Manila: ADB. Tokyo: ADBI. Fan Zhai.TheBenefitsofRegionalInfrastructureInvestmentinAsia: Dewen, Wang. CanSocialSecurityBoostDomesticConsumptioninthe Guerrero, Pablo, KristaLucenti,andSebastiánGalarza.Trade Logisticsand Gilbert, JohnandNilanjanBanik.SocioeconomicImpactsofCross-Border Futagami, Koichi, Takeo Hori,andRyojiOhdoi. DebtPolicy andEconomic Fukuda, Shin-ichiandYoshifumi Kon. MacroeconomicImpactsofForeign Fujimura, ManabuandRameshAdhikari.CriticalEvaluationofCross-Border Fujii, MarikoandMasahiroKawai.LessonsfromJapan’sBankingCrisis, Fujii, Mariko.SecuritizedProducts,FinancialRegulation,andSystemicRisk. Filardo, AndrewandHansGenberg.MonetaryPolicy StrategiesintheAsiaand Fernández deLis,SantiagoandAliciaGarciaHerrero.DynamicProvisioning: Ha, Joonkyung,Jong-Wha Lee,andLeaSumulong.RebalancingGrowth Markandya, Anil,SununtarSetboonsarng, QiaoYu Hui,Rachanee Lim, HankandFukunari Kimura.TheInternationalization ofSmalland Kumar, RajivandAlamuruSoumya.FiscalPolicy IssuesforIndiaafterthe Kim, SungTeak. Korea’s UnemploymentInsuranceinthe1998AsianFinancial Kawai, MasahiroandShujiroUrata.ChangingCommercialPolicy inJapan Kawai, MasahiroandMichaelPomerleano. RegulatingSystemicRisk. Kawai, MasahiroandPeter Petri. Asia’sRoleintheGlobalEconomic Kawai, MasahiroandFan Zhai.Asia’sPost-Global FinancialCrisisAdjustment: Kalirajan, Kaliappa,Venkatachalam Anbumozhi,andKanhaiyaSingh. Jung, Yongseung. AssetMarketStructuresandMonetaryPolicy inaSmall Iino, Fukuya andAlvaLim.DevelopingAsia’sCompetitiveAdvantageinGreen Huynh, Phu,StevenKapsos,Kee BeomKim,andGyorgySziraczki.Impactsof Hua, ChangchunandLi-GangLiu.Risk-ReturnEfficiency, FinancialDistress Hsu, Chen-MinandChih-Feng Liao.FinancialTurmoil intheBanking Sector Hong, Kiseok.FiscalPolicy IssuesinKorea aftertheCurrentCrisis. Hannig, AlfredandStefanJansen.FinancialInclusionStability: People’s RepublicofChina?No.215.May. Regional IntegrationinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.No.233.August. Transport InfrastructureDevelopmentinSouthAsia.No.211.April. Spending. No.212.April. Growth inaSmallOpenEconomyModelwithProductiveGovernment No. 197.February. Exchange ReserveAccumulation:TheoryandInternationalEvidence. Infrastructure ProjectsinAsia.No.226.July. 1991–2005. No.222.June. No. 203.March. Pacific Region:WhatWay Forward? No.195.February. Some LessonsfromExistingExperiences.No.218.May. A QuantitativeExploration.No.223.June. Agriculture. No.193.February. Achieving theMillenniumDevelopment GoalsthroughAdoptingOrganic Songkranok, SaminathanVaheesan, andAdamStefan.TheCostsof Medium EnterprisesinRegionalandGlobal Value Chains.No.231.July. Global FinancialCrisis(2008–2010).No.249.September. Crisis andAdjustmentsinthe2008GlobalFinancialCrisis.No.214.May. During 1985–2010.No.253.November. No. 189.January. Architecture. No.235.August. A Model-BasedDynamicScenarioAnalysis.No.254.November. the Poor. No.239.August. Measuring theEnvironmentalImpactsofChangingTrade Patterns on Open Economy. No.252.October. Products: LearningfromtheJapaneseExperience.No.228.July. Current GlobalEconomicCrisisonAsia’sLaborMarket.No.243.August. Risk, andBankFinancialStrengthRatings.No.240.August. No. 221.June. and theAsianLamfalussyProcess:TheCaseofFour Economies. No. 225.July. Current Policy Issues.No.259.December. in theRepublicofKorea. No. 224.July. APPENDIXES 123 . Integrated Energy A CAREC Program brochure. Development Effectiveness Brief. Brief. Development Effectiveness Development Effectiveness Brief Development Effectiveness Manila: ADB. Japanese Yearbook of International Japanese Yearbook Annual Report 2010 Report Annual Manila: ADB. Manila: ADB. Development Effectiveness Brief. Development Effectiveness Brief. Manila: ADB. Enhancing Financial Disclosure Standards Manila: ADB. Manila: ADB. Manila: ADB. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation: Connecting Central Asia Regional Economic Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation: Good Introduction to the Central Asia Regional Economic Manila: ADB. Vol. 53 (2010). Vol. Manila: ADB. for Asia. Architecture: Implications Law. on the Impact of CAREC’sMarkets, Creating Opportunities—Stories Economic Corridors. Neighbors, Good Partners, Good Prospects. Manila: ADB. the Cooperation Program: Development Effectiveness Review—Building Baseline 2009. Low-Carbon Future. Sector Recovery Report and Plan. in Central Asia. Manila: ADB. Paper ADB Working and Economic Crisis: Meeting the Challenges in Asia. Series on Regional Economic Integration. No. 60. Monitoring the Business Environment in Selected Asian Economies—How and Comparative Benchmarking Can Provide Incentive for Reform. ADB Series on Regional Economic Integration. No. 40. Paper Working Series on Regional Paper Examining Financial Soundness. ADB Working Economic Integration. No. 42. of Capability Accumulation. Paths Republic: Engineering Future Kyrgyz Series. No. 200. http://adb.org/Documents/ Paper ADB Economics Working Working-Papers/2010/Economics-WP200.pdf 6420). 2010. With the International Centre Resources and Energy (RETA for Integrated Mountain Development and the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Indus Basin: Promoting Climate Change Impact and Adaptation in Asia 6420). With the International Centre for Integrated (RETA and the Pacific Mountain Development. School of Public and Environmental Indiana University, With Randall Baker, Affairs, United States. Manila: ADB. Development Effectiveness Brief. Economies II. in Transitional Infrastructure Investment Fund. No. 232. July. July. No. 232. Investment Fund. Infrastructure October. of China. No. 251. Republic in the People’s A Survey of Firms Friends of Democratic Pakistan, Energy Sector Task Force. Force. Energy Sector Task Democratic Pakistan, of Friends Arner, Douglas and Lotte Schou-Zibell. Reforming the Global Financial Douglas and Lotte Schou-Zibell. Arner, CAREC Secretariat. CAREC Secretariat. CAREC Secretariat. Central Asia Atlas of Natural Resources. a More Secure, Climate Change in Central and West Asia: Routes to to Progress. Rising Path Tajikistan: `{ Financial Douglas and Lotte Schou-Zibell. Responding to the Global Arner, for Improving Regulatory Reforms Schou-Zibell, Lotte and Srinivasa Madhur. Schou-Zibell, Lotte, Lei Lei Song, and Jose Ramon Albert. Monitoring and in the Usui, Norio and Arnelyn May A. Structural Transformation Abdon. ^_ ADB. Glacial Melt and Downstream Impacts on Indus-Dependent Water in the and Energy Portfolio ADB. Climate Risk Screening of the ADB Water 7274). ADB. A Roadmap for Renewable Energy in Azerbaijan, 2009 (R-CDTA Armenia: A Historic Country Reemerges. Armenia: A Historic Country Georgia: A Country at an Ancient Crossroads Looks to the Future. the Future. Georgia: A Country at an Ancient Crossroads Looks to Narasimham, Radhakrishna. Deficiencies Satisfying Hidden Hunger: Addressing Micronutrient Zainal Abidin, Mahani. Fiscal Policy Coordination in Asia: East Asian Coordination in Asia: Mahani. Fiscal Policy Zainal Abidin, on Business Activity: Agreements Trade Free The Impact of Zhang, Yunling. \_' for Low Carbon Green Growth in Asia. ADBI. Opportunities and Priorities \_`^^"{_' { Asia’s Crossroads. Afghanistan: Modernizing between Latin America and the Caribbean Region and the Asia and Pacific Pacific Region and the Asia and America and the Caribbean between Latin Asia. No. 217. May. from East Region: Perspective No. 186. January. for Emerging Market Economies. Flows: Lessons Asia. No. 187. January. Enterprises: Case of Central Considerations. No. 255. December. and Options for Asia. No. 201. February. Financial Regulation: Stakes No. 244. August. A Global Perspective. Populations to Serve Vulnerable Capacity of Colleges and Universities in Asia. No. 208. March. No. 256. December. Conceptual Issues. to Finance: Key the Financial Storm and Enlarging After Its First Decade: Weathering the Euro Area. No. 205. March. December. Infrastructural Projects: Gateways, Multimodal Corridors, Transnational and Special Economic Zones. No. 237. August. Infrastructure Projects in the Greater Mekong Impacts of Transport Subregion. No. 234. August. Slowdown in Emergence and Recovery from the Global Economic Developing Asian Economies. No. 209. March. Origin, Development, and Outlook. No. 230. July. Strategy in 2008. No. 206. March. Goods? No. 260. December. No. 219. June. Republic of China’s Surplus in Processing Trade? People’s Republic of China’s Processed Exports. No. 202. March. the People’s No. 247. September. Rebalancing. Rate Changes on Trans-Pacific Industrial Upgrading in ASEAN Countries. No. 250. September. Establishing a Regional Rating Agency in Asia. No. 241. August. No. 188. January. Agencies: A European Banking Perspective. and Electronics Firms. Food, Philippine Business: Evidence from Transport, No. 185. January. Affect Exporting Firms Do FTAs and Sumet Ongkittikul. How Panpiemras, in Thailand? No. 190. January. Regional Monitoring of Financial Markets and Regional Coordination of No. 199. February. Financial Sector Policies? about the Impact of the Economic Downturn on the Employment of Migrants? No. 194. February. Prices of Japanese and US Imports. No. 216. May. Republic of China. No. 257. December. Deficit with the People’s Trade Crisis Prevention, Containment, and Resolution. No. 196. February. Medalla, Erlinda M. and Jenny D. Balboa. Prospects for Regional Cooperation Prospects for Regional Cooperation M. and Jenny D. Balboa. Medalla, Erlinda and Regulation of Capital Liberalization and Muneesh Kapur. Mohan, Rakesh Finance, and Small and Medium Financial Crisis, Trade Gloria O. Pasadilla, No. 204. March. Ajay Shah. Asia Confronts the Impossible Trinity. Ila and Patnaik, Economic and Policy Areas? Trade Michael. EU–Asia Free Plummer, of Capital Flows and Coordination of Michael. Regional Monitoring Plummer, and Unsolicited Credit Ratings: and Kam C. Chan. Solicited Winnie P.H. Poon, and the Education Impact Study: The Global Recession Gerard. Postiglione, Universalizing Complete Access and Nachiket Mor. Rai, Suyash, Bindu Ananth, The Euro Kutos. and Paul Regling, Klaus, Servaas Deroose, Reinhard Felke, No. 258. Reid, Richard. Financial Development: A Broader Perspective. J. and Howard Dick. Appropriate Economic Space for Peter Rimmer, Socioeconomic Stone, Susan, Anna Strutt, and Thomas Hertel. Assessing Anbumozhi. Green Services and Stoughton, Mark and Venkatachalam Multilateralization: Sussangkarn, Chalongphob. The Chiang Mai Initiative Shinji. Applying the Lessons of Asia: The IMF’s Crisis Management Takagi, Thorbecke, Willem. How Elastic is East Asian Demand for Consumption Affect the Yuan Thorbecke, Willem. an Appreciation of the How Would Thorbecke, Willem. Investigating the Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on the Effect of Exchange Thorbecke, Willem Investigating and Ginalyn Komoto. Thorbecke, Willem, Promoting Learning and Mario Lamberte, and Ginalyn Komoto. and Li-Gang Liu. Emergence of Rating Agencies: Implications for Ying Yi Tsai, Utzig, Siegfried. The Financial Crisis and the Regulation of Credit Rating Wignaraja, and and Genevieve De Guzman. FTAs Ganeshan, Dorothea Lazaro, Wignaraja, Wisarn Ganeshan, Rosechin Olfindo, Pupphavesa, Jirawat Call for Strengthening Adalbert. The Financial Crisis: A Wake-Up Winkler, Wyplosz, Charles. The Eurozone in the Current Crisis. No. 207. March. Know and Dandan Zhang. How Much Do We Kong, Xin Meng, Sherry Tao Effects on the Exchange Rates and Pass-through The Yuan’s Xing, Yuqing. Widens and Neal Detert. How the iPhone the United States Xing, Yuqing Je Cho. The Role of State Intervention in the Financial Sector: Yoon, APPENDIXES 124 The RoleofFiscalPolicy inRebalancingthePeople’s RepublicofChina Study onPolicy DirectionsforthePeople’s RepublicofChina’s12thFive-Year Plan Policy StudyonConstructionofAgriculturalInfrastructureandthe Policy NoteonImprovingRuralHealthServices Policy NoteonAvoidingtheMiddleIncomeTrap Observations andSuggestionsonTowards aUniversalSocialProtectioninthe Observations andSuggestionsontheRoleofFiscalPolicy inEconomic Observations andSuggestionsonPopulation AgingandLong-Term Health Observations andSuggestionsonAnchoringInflationaryExpectations Climate ChangeinEastAsia:StayingonTrack foraMoreSustainableFuture {^ ^^"{_' 2009 AnnualReport _ Public ServiceAnnouncements Photo essays–38 News Feature VideosonADBImpactStories–38 Multimedia Features –6 Handle withCare:ImpactStoriesfromFragile Situations Development Asia–3issues Country Fact Sheets–67 ADB Review–12issues ADB ExpertsVideoInterviews–20 _'' {_']__"^ Leadership ADB. Uzbekistan:ClimateChangeandAdaptationRoadMap.With ADB. ClimateChangeRoadmap:RecommendationstotheGovernmentof Leadership ADB. ArmeniaClimateChangeandAdaptationRoadmap.With Development ofChina’s CityCommercialBanksandtheirRole inDelivering Dryland Ecosystems:IntroducinganIntegrated ApproachinthePeople’s ^{^ Study onFramework andPolicies ofOverallConsiderationPoverty Rural BiomassRenewableEnergyDevelopmentinPeople’s Republic ofChina Resurging AsianGiants Payments forEcologicalServicesandEcosystems: PracticesandInnovationsin Knowledge Showcase:BilateralDimensionsoftheCARECTrade Facilitation Investing LifeIntoAsia’sTroubled Waters Inclusive GrowthforHarmony Economic ChancesMoreNeededThanGrowth EARD KnowledgeManagementInitiativesin2009 China’s IncomeInequalityattheProvincialLevel:Trends, Drivers,andImpacts An Eco-CompensationFramework forthePeople’s RepublicofChina: ^{ Toward aHarmoniousCountryside:RuralDevelopmentSurveyResultsofthe The SocioeconomicImplicationsofPopulation AginginPeople’s Republic Governments inPeople’s RepublicofChina Establishment ofModernAgriculturalIndustrySystemSupportedby People’s RepublicofChina Rebalancing inthePeople’s RepublicofChina Care inthePeople’s RepublicofChina in thePeople’s RepublicofChina for EnvironmentandDevelopment,Pakistan. Pakistan andADBonPrioritizedClimateChangeInterventionsforPakistan. for EnvironmentandDevelopment,Pakistan. Financial Services Republic ofChina Reduction inPeople’s RepublicofChinaintheNewEra the PRC Agenda: SpotlightonMongoliaandthePeople’s RepublicofChina (formerly InequalityandInclusiveGrowthinAsia) Challenges andOpportunities People’s RepublicofChina of China(ADBBriefNo.6) (ADB BriefNo.3) Asian DevelopmentBank Chun, N.MiddleClassSizeinthePast, Present,andFuture: ADescription Brooks, D.,R.Hasan,J.Lee,H.Son,andZhuang.ClosingDevelopment Brooks, D.andB.Ferrarini. People’s Republicof China–IndiaTrade Costs. Barro, R.J.andC.Redlick.MacroeconomicEffectsfromGovernment Deolalikar.Amoranto, G.,N.Chun,andA. WhoaretheMiddleClassand Amoranto, G.,D.H.Brooks,andN.Chun.ServicesLiberalizationWage Alba, J.,D.Park, andP. Wang. DeterminantsofDifferentModesJapanese Alba, J.,D.Park, andP. Wang. CorporateGovernanceandForeign Direct Ahmed, V., G.Sugiyarto,andS.Jha.RemittancesHouseholdWelfare: Adams, C.,B.Ferrarini, andD.Park. FiscalSustainabilityinDevelopingAsia. ADB EconomicsWorkingPaperSeries `{ Special Chapter:Key IndicatorsforAsiaandthePacific2010 Key IndicatorsforAsiaandthePacific2010 Asian DevelopmentOutlook2010Update Asian DevelopmentOutlook2010 ]{ \'"\^_^_\{_' The NecessityofDistinguishingWeak andStrongDisposabilityamong Integrated GasificationCombinedCyclePower Plant Carbon Intensity:AFaulty Gauge Carbon Efficiency, CarbonReductionPotential, and EconomicDevelopment ^ Sustainable Transport InitiativeOperationalPlan Social DimensionsofClimateChangeinUrbanChina Rural FinanceinPoverty-Stricken AreasinthePeople’s RepublicofChina: The ProtectionofMinorityShareholders’RightsinMongolia PRC QuarterlyEconomicReports Mongolia—Financial SectorAssessmentandRoadmap Liveable CitiesBeyondHousing:ThePhysicalandSocialEnvironmentsofthe Implementation StrategyofBasicHealthCareSystem Impact EvaluationofthePeople’s RepublicofChina’sElectronicAppliance Higher Water Tariff forLessRiverPollution—Evidence fromtheMinRiver EATC KnowledgeDatabaseProject(Pilot) Hasan, R.andK.Jandoc. Trade LiberalizationandWage Inequality Hasan, R.andK.Jandoc.TheDistribution ofFirmSizeinIndia:WhatCan Grenville, S.TheEvolvingPostcrisis World. No.207.July. Gochoco-Bautista M.,J.Jongwanich,and J.Lee.HowEffectiveAreCapital Gao, Lu.AchievementsandChallenges: 30Years ofHousingReforms Ferrarini, B.Trade andIncomeinAsia:Panel DataEvidence fromInstrumental Estrada, G.,D.Park, Ramayandi.Financial DevelopmentandEconomic andA. Chun, N.andKhor. MinimumWages andChangingWage Inequality Gaps: ChallengesandPolicy. No.209.July. No. 203.June. Purchases andTaxes. No.232.November. No. 229.October. What Values DoTheyHold?EvidencefromtheWorld Values Survey. Inequality inthePhilippines.No.239.December. Foreign DirectInvestmentintheUnitedStates.No.197.April. Investment. No.202.May. A CaseStudyofPakistan. No.194.March. No. 205.July. Performance ofChineseCoal-FiredPlants Desirable OutputsinDataEnvelopmentAnalysis:Environmental in thePeople’s RepublicofChina:ATotal Factor ProductionModel Balancing GovernmentandMarket Chinese UrbanPoor intheContextofaFloatingPopulation Subsidy Program and Fuzhou CityinthePeople’s RepublicofChina in thePhilippines.No. 195.March. Survey DataTell Us?No. 213.August. Controls inAsia?No.224.October. in thePeople’s RepublicofChina.No.198.May. Variable Regression.No.234.November. Growth inDevelopingAsia.No.233.November. in Indonesia.No.196.March. of Trends inAsia.No.217.September. APPENDIXES 125 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual August. 3. The Role of Fiscal Policy in Rebalancing the People’s the People’s in Rebalancing The Role of Fiscal Policy Lommen. Natural Resources Research and Results Urban Services Assistance in Indonesia? in Punjab, Pakistan for Rural Roads for Rural Electrification in Bhutan and Country Studies. Edited by J. Zhuang. Co-published with Anthem Co-published with Anthem Studies. Edited by J. Zhuang. and Country Press. May. 2. July. Philippines Accurate? No. Republic of China. No. Employment Brochure. October. Greenhouse Gas Implications of ADB’s Energy Sector Operations Has the Multi-subsector Approach been Effective for Supply and Sanitation Impact of Rural Water and Implementation and Impact of Agriculture Policy Transport Projects Transport the Quality Electrification in Bhutan – Does Electrification Improve of Rural Life? Decentralization in Indonesia Conflict-Affected Situations Been Effective for Urban Services Assistance? Bank-Assisted Projects Agriculture and Natural Resources – Evidence from Post-Completion Evaluations in Infrastructure Development ADB Assistance for PPPs ADB Support for Decentralization in Indonesia ADB’s Contribution to Inclusive Development through Assistance Assistance for Justice Reform ADB’s Technical Agriculture and Natural Resources Sector in Nepal Agriculture and Rural Development Sector in Cambodia Bangladesh Country Assistance Program Evaluation Bhutan: Energy Sector Cambodia: Growth and Sector Reforms Country Assistance Program Evaluation (CAPE) for Bhutan Country Assistance Program Evaluation for Viet Nam Does Electrification Improve Quality of Rural Life? ADB’s Assistance Gender and Development: Relevance, Responsiveness ^^ July. Development Constraints. Indonesia: Critical Issues, Measurement, Policy Inclusive Growth in Asia: and Inequality, Poverty, Is the Net Enrollment Rate Estimate of the Maligalig, D. and S. Cuevas. D. and Y. Park, ] Basic Statistics. May. Measuring the Informal Sector and Informal Using the Mixed Survey for "{"{_' __^ 2009 Annual Report on Acting on Recommendations 2010 Annual Evaluation Review Performance Annual Report on 2009 Portfolio from Evaluation Knowledge Brief: Reducing Carbon Emissions Assistance for Rural Impact Evaluation Study: Asian Development Bank’s for Special Evaluation Study: Asian Development Bank Support and Support to Fragile Special Evaluation Study: Asian Development Bank’s Approach Special Evaluation Study: Indonesia: Has the Multi-subsector Sustainability of Asian Development Special Evaluation Study: Post-Completion Operations and Related Policy Special Evaluation Study: Water of ADB Assistance to Synthesis of Evaluation Findings: Performance _'' IED Brochure Learning Curves of Saving Rates in Developing Asia. No. 228. October. in Developing Asia. No. of Saving Rates No. 215. September. A Preliminary Empirical Investigation. the Global Crisis? September. Asia. No. 222. No. 206. July. August. Evidence from Developing Asia. No. 211. Time-Series Fiscal Policy: No. 221. September. from India and the Philippines. February. Asian Agriculture. No. 191. Republic of China. No. 237. December. in the People’s of China. No. 201. May. Republic People’s City, from Min River and Fuzhou Countries. No. 210. August. No. 226. October. of China: 1991–2002. No. 204. June. No. 218. September. No. 192. February. 1991–2003. No. 212. August. Asia. No. 236. Education and Growth with Implications for Developing December. 1970–2030. No. 216. September. No. 220. September. Rural Development Survey Results. No. 214. August. Outcomes in the Philippines. No. 199. May. No. 223. October. No. 235. December. Economies. No. 227. October. Regimes. No. 208. July. 238. December. The Case of Indonesia. No. Performance: Asia. No. 231. November. Accumulation. No. 200. May. of Capability Paths Engineering Future No. 219. September. Results from a Global Panel. No. 230. October. Quality and the Links with Economic Growth and Income Inequality: With Asia. No. 193. February. Special Reference to Developing Horioka, C. and A. Terada-Hagiwara. Determinants and Long-term Projections and Long-term Projections Determinants A.Horioka, C. and Terada-Hagiwara. of Lift Developing Asia out Quising. Did Fiscal Stimulus and P. S., S. Jha, D. Park, Hur, Out in Developing and Crowding Fiscal Policy D. Park. S., S. Mallick, and Hur, Passe? Targeting and Financial Stability: Is Inflation Policy Monetary Ito, T. Quising. Effectiveness of Countercyclical and P. Jha S., S. Mallick, D. Park, Better? Answers Subsidies Work How Can Food Jha, S. and B. Ramaswami. Opportunities for S. Sriboonchitta. Regional Trade Jha S., D. Roland-Holst, and Utilities Water of Urban and Performance Private Sector Participation Jiang, Y. for Less River Pollution—Evidence Tariffs Lin. Higher Water L. Jin, and T. Jiang Y., and Real Exchange Rates in Emerging Asian Jongwanich, J. Capital Flows Prospects, and Challenges. Kawai, M. and G. Wignaraja. Trends, Asian FTAs: Republic Evolution of Income Mobility in the People’s N. and J. Pencavel. Khor, in Emerging Asian Economies. of the Labor Force and Future Kim, J. Past The Ties that Bind Asia, Europe, and United States. Kim S., J. Lee, and C. Park. across the World, Productivity Growth and J. Park. Kim, S., D. Park, A Survey on the Relationship between A. J. and Terada-Hagiwara. Kim Y. Human Capital Accumulation in Emerging Asia, Lee, J. and R. Francisco. and Prospects. Lee J. and K. Hong. Economic Growth in Asia: Determinants Republic of China’s The People’s a Harmonious Countryside: Toward Lin T. and S. Cuevas. Education Maligalig, D., R. Caoli-Rodriguez, A. Martinez, Jr., Developing Asia’s Growth. in Rebalancing D. The Role of Fiscal Policy Park, and Future. Asia’s Growth: Past Drivers of Developing D. H. and J. Park. Park, Productivity Growth for 12 Asian Factor Total J. Projection of Long-Term Park, Rajan, Ramkishen S. The Evolution and Impact of Asian Exchange Rate Ramayandi, A. Discipline and Macroeconomic and A. Rosario. Monetary Policy Son, H. Human Capital Development. No. 225. October. Infrastructure and Growth in Developing Straub, S. and A. Terada-Hagiwara. Republic: in the Kyrgyz Usui, N. and A. Abdon. Structural Transformation Impact of Labor Market Institutions on Unemployment: P. Vandenberg, Commonality. Measure for Cross-Market Liquidity J. A Multi-Factor Wang, Zhuang, J., E. de Dios, and A. and Institutional Lagman-Martin. Governance 27. No. 2. December. Vol. Asian Development Review. 27. No. 1. June. Vol. Asian Development Review. APPENDIXES 126 Report tothePresident,OfficeofAnticorruptionandIntegrity Anticorruption andIntegrity:Policies andStrategies ]]"\]"\__{""*_" eStar 1-yearMilestoneReportcitingaccomplishmentsandfinancialsavings _ Process ImprovementonVitalRecordsandCost–BenefitAnalysis Private sectorInvestmentClimateforInfrastructure New AcquisitionsList iLink MonthlySummariesforeducation,environment,finance,infrastructure, iLink Digest Abstracts ofInsightsThursday _'' ]]"\]'""^_"^_"\^ Making MicrofinanceWork:EvidencefromEvaluations Video Clips Report ontheFuture GlobalReserveSystem(ADB andEarthInstitute, Key ProposalsforHarnessingBusiness Opportunities inSouthAsia(ADBand Asia EconomicMonitor(JulyandDecember).http://aric.adb.org/asia- Asia CapitalMarketsMonitor(May).http://asianbondsonline.adb.org/ Asia BondMonitor(March,Summeredition,October, andNovember). ASEAN+3 AsianBondMarketsInitiativeGroupofExperts.ReportforTask __^ Plummer, MichaelG.,DavidCheong,andShintaroHamanaka. Capannelli, GiovanniandJayantMenon(ed.). Asian DevelopmentBank. ]^ ]]"\]_*"\'"\"*_" on ConsolidatingMicrofilmingServices and regionalcooperation Reducing CarbonEmissionsfromTransport Projects Greenhouse GasImplicationsofADB’sEnergySectorOperations ADB’s AssistanceforRuralElectrificationinBhutan:Does ADB’s AssistanceforPublic–PrivatePartnerships inInfrastructure Urban ServicesandWater SupplyandSanitationSector Transport SectorinCambodia—Focusing onResults Reducing CarbonEmissionsfromTransport Projects Public SectorReformsinthePacific: EnhancingResultsthrough Columbia University).http://aric.adb.org/grs/reports.php http://aric.adb.org/pdf/FICCI-ADB_Issue_Paper%203-Mar-10.pdf the Federation ofIndianChambersCommerce andIndustry). economic-monitor/ http://asianbondsonline.adb.org/ BF48257729000C4CE5/?OpenDocument wpqr1.adb.org/LotusQuickr/asean3goe/Main.nsf/h_Toc/4A2E7BF718270D Force 4(Cross-BorderBondTransactions andSettlementIssues).https:// Impact AssessmentofFreeTrade Agreements. in Cambodia,theLaoPeople’sDemocraticRepublic,andVietNam. Currencies inTransitional Economies:TheScopeforRegionalCooperation institutions-regional-integration/default.asp _for_Regionalization_Web.pdf; www.adb.org/documents/books/ Asian EconomicCommunity. Annual Report2009 Improve theQualityofRuralLife? Development Ownership, Capacity, andContinuity in VietNam Asian DevelopmentBank Institutions forRegionalIntegration:Toward an www.aric.adb.org/pdf/Institutions Dealing withMultiple

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Chand, Satish.ShapingNewRegionalisminthePacific Islands:Backto Athukorala, Prema-chandraandJayantMenon.GlobalProductionSharing, Athukorala, Prema-chandra.ProductionNetworksandTrade Patterns in Arner, DouglasW. andLotteSchou-Zibell.RespondingtotheGlobalFinancial Arner, DouglasW. andCyn-Young Park. GlobalFinancialRegulatoryReforms: Alba, Joseph,JungHur, andDonghyunPark. DoHub-and-SpokeFree Trade Adams, Charles,HoeYun Jeong,andCyn-Young Park. Asia’sContribution ADB WorkingPaperSeriesonRegionalEconomicIntegration `{ Hong, KiseokandHsiaoChinkTang. CrisesinAsia:Recoveryand Hix, Simon.InstitutionalDesignofRegionalIntegration:BalancingDelegation Hill, HalandJayantMenon.ASEANEconomicIntegration:Features, Hamanaka, Shintaro,AikenTafgar, andDorotheaLazaro.Trade Facilitation Hamanaka, Shintaro.RegionalismCycleinAsia(-Pacific): AGameTheory Hamanaka, Shintaro.InstitutionalParameters ofaRegion-Wide Economic Desai, V.V. ThePolitical EconomyofRegionalCooperationinSouthAsia. EastAsianRegion. Dent, ChristopherM.OrganizingtheWider Cheong, David.MethodsforExPost EconomicEvaluationofFree Trade Cheong, David.MethodsforExAnteEconomicEvaluationofFree Trade Park, Cyn-Young, RupertoMacuja,andJosefYap. The2008FinancialCrisis Nesadurai, HelenE.S.LaborandGrassrootsCivicInterestsinRegional Mai, YinHua,PhilipAdams,Peter Dixon,andJayantMenon.TheAwakening Loser, Claudio,MiguelKiguel,andDavidMermelstein.AMacroprudential Kelley, Judith.TheRoleofMembershipRulesinRegionalOrganizations. Schou-Zibell, Lotte,JoseRamonAlbert,andLeiSong.AMacroprudential Park, DonghyunandMarioArturoRuiz Estrada. ANewMulti-Dimensional Takagi, Shinji.RegionalSurveillanceforEastAsia:HowCanItBeDesigned Schou-Zibell, LotteandSrinivasaMadhur. RegulatoryReformsforImproving Wang, Yong. EvolvingAsianPower BalancesandAlternateConceptions Voeten, Erik. Regional JudicialInstitutionsandEconomicCooperation:Lessons Tang, HsiaoChink,PhilipLiu,andEddieC.Cheung.ChangingImpactofFiscal No. 41.January. Trade Patterns, andDeterminantsofTrade FlowsinEastAsia. East Asia:RegionalizationorGlobalization?No.56.August. and EconomicCrisis:MeetingtheChallengesinAsia.No.60.October. Implications forDevelopingAsia.No.57.September. Agreements IncreaseTrade? APanel DataAnalysis.No.46.April. to GlobalRebalancing.No.58.September. and Representation.No.64.November. Fulfillments, Failures, andtheFuture. No.69.December. Against Non-Members?No.55.July. Measures UnderFree Trade Agreements:AreTheyDiscriminatory No. 42.February. Approach totheRiseandFall ofAsianRegionalInstitutions. ASEAN+ Agreement inAsia:ExaminationofTrans-Pacific Partnership and No. 54.July. No. 62.November. Agreements. No.59.October. Agreements. No.52.June. the Future? No.61.October. Institutions. No.63.November. Asia–Pacific Countries.No.66.November. Chinese Economy:MacroandTerms ofTrade Impactson10Major Economies. No.44.March. Framework fortheEarlyDetection ofBankingProblemsinEmerging No. 53.June. Policy Responses.No.48.April. Framework forMonitoringandExaminingFinancialSoundness. Evaluation (RIE)Methodology. No.49. May. Framework forAnalyzingRegionalIntegration:RegonialIntegration and Potential OutputinAsia:Impactand Policy Implications.No.45.April. No. 40.January. and ComparativeBenchmarkingCanProvideIncentiveforReform. the BusinessEnvironmentinSelectedAsianEconomies—HowMonitoring No. 43.March. for BuildingRegionalInstitutions.No.68. December. for Asia?No.65.November. Policy onSelectedASEANCountries.No.70.December. to ComplementGlobalSurveillance?No. 50.May. α Free Trade AgreementApproaches.No.67.November. APPENDIXES 127 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual and Energy Efficiency Projects Mechanism Projects Series No.4 – Regional Distribution of Clean Development Series No.4 – Regional Distribution of Clean Development Clean Development Mechanism Initiative Problems and Solutions for Development ADB and Civil Society (updated) Disaster Risk Management (updated) Governance (updated) Knowledge Solutions (updated) Communities of Practice (updated) of Rising Impacts (with PARD) in the Workplace Series No.1 – Clean Development Mechanism, Overview Elements Series No.2 – Clean Development Mechanism, Key Small-Scale Renewable Energy Series No.3 – Additionality for Very Public Sector Reform of Nauru and the Marshall Islands Public Sector Reform of Nauru of Climate Change (with CWRD) (with EARD) (with SARD) Future of Climate Change (with SERD) CDM Project Brief – Dagachhu Hydropwer Project, First Cross-Border CDM Project Brief – Dagachhu Hydropwer Project, First the Lao PDR Challenges and Opportunities for Social Protection in Changing Course (coffee table book) – previously entitled Urban Transport Areas of Nepal Protection in Post-Conflict-Affected Child and Families Collaboration Mechanisms Viet Nam Early Childhood Care and Development in Community-Based CSO Review (Issues 1–12) Web Developing the Microinsurance Sector in Sri Lanka Sheet Fact Energy and Water Energy for All Energy for All Initiative flyer Evaluation, Knowledge Management, and Organizational Learning FM Newsletter (Issues 1–3) Giving Climate Change its Due Attention Handle with Knowledge posters (5) Reforms in India Implementing Pension In Focus _'' Work Adapting to Climate Change: ADB’s Transport ADB Sustainable Development Timeline Newsletter No. 13 Pacific ADB/OECD Anticorruption Initiative for Asia and the of Stories with Channel NewsAsia about the Power ADB’s Olivier Serrat Talks Beyond: Stories and Sounds from ADB’s Region Breaking Ground with an Age-Old Technique Carbon Market Program Brochure CDM Briefs Responding to Climate Change in the Pacific: Moving From Strategy to Action Strategy to Moving From Climate Change in the Pacific: Responding to 2010 Economic Report Solomon Islands in the Pacific and Capacity State Performance The Pacific in Fuels Dependence on Petroleum Control of Oil: Managing Taking Executive Summary Reform in the Pacific: Economy of Economic The Political in the Participation Using Stakeholder to the People: Transparency (English version) Economic Report 2009 Executive Summary Vanuatu version) (French Economic Report 2009 Executive Summary Vanuatu Reform (Main Report) Economic Report 2009: Accelerating Vanuatu Social Safety Nets Weaving _*"^^"{'{_' and Uzbekistan) Tajikistan, Civil Society Briefs (for Armenia, Asia: At the Crossroads Asia and West Climate Change in Central for a More Sustainable Future Staying on Track Climate Change in East Asia: Building a Sustainable Climate Change in South Asia: Strong Responses for the Frontlines Actions on Climate Change in Southeast Asia: Focused Stepping Up Responses in the Face Climate Change in the Pacific: for Implementors of Transport Projects in Sri Lanka for Implementors of Transport Program in Pakistan (Oct 2010/002) How It Was Resolved How It Was (Bahasa Indonesia version) and Filing a Request for Compliance Review and Filing a Request for Compliance Chashma Right Bank Irrigation (Phase III) project Strategy Raise Growth Rate? Some International Evidence. No. 47. April. Evidence. No. 47. Growth Rate? Some International Strategy Raise June. Resource Revenues. No. 51. Expenditure from Natural Government materials) systems (IAMnet online discussion Flash presentation, National Highway Development Sector Investment Flash presentation, National Highway Development Sector Flash presentation, OSPF Outreach Experiences Information Guide to the Consultation Phase OSPF Annual Report The OSPF Consultation Primer Manual on Complaint-Handling Mechanisms in Development Projects Training {\"]"\{_' _'' Subregional Office in Suva Brochure ADB’s Pacific Department 2009 Compendium of Knowledge Products Pacific Climate Change Program flyer Pacific Brief New Guinea Development Effectiveness Papua Samoa Development Effectiveness Brief Islands (Oct 2010/001) Learning from Fisheries Centers in Pacific Makers Increasing Returns from Fisheries: Do’s and Don’ts for Policy Fisheries and Climate Change (Oct 2010/003) Prices (Oct 2010/004) Fisheries and Fuel PSD Quarterly Issue No. 1 Pacific __^ Approach 2010–2014 ADB’s Pacific Island Countries and Territories Fisheries in the Economies of the Pacific Mainstreaming Climate Change in ADB Operations 2010) Economic Monitor (February Pacific Economic Monitor (August 2010) Pacific Economic Monitor (December 2010) Pacific Annual Progress Report 2009 Private Sector Development Initiative: Pacific Complaint Handling in the Rehabilitation of Aceh and Nias Complaint Handling in the Rehabilitation of Aceh and Consultation Phase Brochure A Guide Designing and Implementing Grievance Redress Mechanisms: CRP Annual Report CRP’s monitoring reports, including lessons learned annual Review Filing a Request for Compliance learned from compliance review of the Knowledge Showcase – Lessons Online video on the Accountability Mechanism ]]"\]^{\"{_\]\""_ Resolved A Complaint on an ADB-Supported Project and How It Was Animated Video, A Complaint on an ADB-Supported Project and Wang, Zhi, Shang-Jin Wei, and Anna Wong. Does a Leapfrogging Growth Does a Leapfrogging and Anna Wong. Wei, Zhi, Shang-Jin Wang, Impacts of Poverty Yusuf. and Arief Anshory Jayant Menon, Peter, Warr, ]]"\]\'{"\_"`{ brochure Accountability Mechanism BCRC Annual Report and compliance and the use of country Compendium on accountability Compliance Review brochure (e-newsletter) Compliance Review Quarterly to the Compliance Review Process Compliance Review: A Guide APPENDIXES 128 Strengthening theAntipovertyEffectsofWelfare ServicePrograms Strengthening SocialServicesDeliveryPrograminGeorgia Strategy Development Reforming Asia’sPension Systems Reflections andBeyondPostcard Putting KnowledgeSolutionstoWork Protecting Vulnerable Women andChildreninNepal Protecting theHealthStatusofPoor duringtheFinancialCrisis Promoting CleanEnergyinAsiaandthePacific: EnergySecurity, Access, Poverty Matters(e-newsletter, 4) Partnership Newsletter(Issues1–6) Management Techniques Landmark Forum ChartsDirectionsforFood Security knowledge@ADB (9monthlyissuesfromApril–December2010) RaisingFarmer IncomesthroughHigh-Value Crops Post-Disaster ActionPlanning ManagingClimaticRiskswithAdaptation MakingConnectivityWork: ContractGrowingAlongtheLao–ThaiBorder Climate ChangeFund Report 2009 Clean EnergyinAsia:CaseStudiesofADB InvestmentsinLow-CarbonGrowth Clean EnergyFinancingPartnership Facility: SemiannualProgress Report: Clean EnergyFinancingPartnership Facility: AnnualReport: Januaryto Civil SocietyConcernsPaper Bangladesh CountryGenderAssessment(withSAOD) Assessment ofADB’sKnowledgeManagementImplementationFramework CooperationAnnual Report2010 ADB–CSO ADB AssistanceinICTforDevelopment:Experiences 2010 MDGReport 2010 LearningforChangeSurvey Engaging PrivateSectorCapitalatScaleinFinancingLowCarbon _ Strengthening InclusiveEducation Public–Private Partnerships inADBEducation Lending,2000–2009 Financial DueDiligenceRetrospectiveReport2008–2009 Education by2020:ASectorOperationsPlan _ Poverty andSustainableDevelopmentinAsia:ImpactsResponses Learning inDevelopment Knowledge ManagementonAirQuality:CaseStudies Ho ChiMinhCityAdaptationtoClimateChange:Summary Asian EnvironmentOutlook2010:GreenGrowth,ResourcesandResilience ADB: ReflectionsandBeyond Toward anImprovedPublicEmploymentServiceSystemintheWestern Region Supporting theSafetyNetProgramsforFood SecurityinBangladesh ClimateProofingTimor-Leste’s Roads Chashma:ACaseStudyinCompliance BuildingNarrativeCapacityinADB BoostingAquacultureLivelihoodsinPost-Disaster Aceh,Indonesia Knowledge Showcases Knowledge SharingandLearning Knowledge CaptureandStorage Intersections eNewsletter:(3quarterlyissuesin2010) Customizing aDecentralizedSanitationSolutionforVietNam’s in Mongolia and LowCarbonDevelopment January toJune2010 December 2009 Infrastructure inDevelopingCountries to theGlobalEconomicCrisis (Preview Report) of thePeople’s RepublicofChina in thePeople’s RepublicofChina Periurban Areas Asian DevelopmentBank Knowledge Solutions Knowledge SharingandLearningforHealth Knowledge ManagementandLearningSeries Key MessagesforPolicy Makers Guidance onProjectSustainability Guidance onFinancialReportingforSMEs Guidance NoteforRoadTransport RiskAssessment Guidance NoteforEducationSectorRiskAssessment Generic LearningOutcomesfromSiteVisits Forests, People, Climate,andLandUse:ADB’sREDD+Program Focused Action:PrioritiesforAddressingClimateChangeinAsia Essentials ofKnowledgePartnerships Enriching Policy withResearch Development ofNationalREDD+StrategiesinAsiaandthePacific –Progress Climate ChangeADBPrograms:StrengtheningAdaptationandMitigation An AppreciativeInquiryCameo Advancing theDevelopmentofKnowledgePartnership Guidelines Advancing RolesandFunctions forKnowledgeManagementCoordination Addressing ClimateChangeinAsiaandthePacific: ImpactsonFood, Fuel, "' Workability IndexinAsia(Working Paper) The CriminalizationofBriberyinAsiaandthePacific: Proceedingsofthe The CriminalizationofBriberyinAsiaandthePacific: Frameworks and Study ofADB’sKnowledgeTaxonomy Survey ofDemandforADBKnowledgeProductsthroughResidentand Review ofADBAssistanceforPublic–PrivatePartnerships inInfrastructure Rethinking Transport andClimateChange Publication onAsianInnovationPolicy Practices Proceedings oftheRegionalWorkshop onSocialAssistanceand Parking Policy inAsia(Working Paper) Pacific MDGWorkshop Report Overview ofGenderEqualityandSocialInclusioninNepal(withSAOD) Good PracticesforUrbanWater ManagementinAsia(FinalReport) Gender EqualityResultsinADBProjects Gender EqualityResults Every DropCounts—LearningfromGoodPracticesinEightAsianCities Climate InstrumentsfortheTransport Sector(previouslyentitledPost-2012 Embracing Failure E-Learning andtheWorkplace Design Thinking Crafting aKnowledgeManagementResults Framework Bridging OrganizationalSilos A PrimeronTalent Management A PrimeronSocialNeuroscience A PrimeronCorporateValues Learning inTeams Reflective Practice Learning fromEvaluation and thePacific (MainReportandHighlights) and Challenges in AsiaandthePacific and People Regional SeminaronCriminalizationofBribery Practices in28AsianandPacific Jurisdictions(ThematicReview) Regional Missions Development (1998–2008) Conditional CashTransfers Viet NamCountryReport Sri LankaCountryReport Regional SynthesisofRapidGenderAssessmentsinIndonesia,Mongolia, Mongolia CountryReport Indonesia CountryReport Nepal CaseStudies(withSAOD) Bangladesh CaseStudies(withSAOD) Mechanisms forTransport) Sri Lanka,andVietNam APPENDIXES 129 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual conferences, workshops, and learning sessions (e.g., BTORs, conferences, workshops, and conference materials) powerpoint presentations, contains databases of contains databases portfolio and program (first draft completed) Challenges in Practice (draft completed) (draft completed) System (“RoRo”) in the Philippines (draft for completion Roll-Off Terminal in December) Assessments (revised draft for completion in December) Delivery? Quantitative and Survey Results from Camarines Norte Province in the Philippines (draft completed) Southeast Asia Department for the State of Maharashtra IADB Republic of China. ADB and and People’s Highway System and Lessons for Southeast Asia (with The Asia Foundation) reference documents from internal and external Presentations and Energy the Energy CoP that the online portal of ENERcall, Portal: Online Database 2005–2009 Energy TAs, output from Knowledge energy sector data Country reviews of ADB energy sector projects, 2010 Peer Projects Global Renewable _'' Primer Asia Solar Energy Initiative Environment – Green Growth, Resources and Resilience Asian Environment Outlook Gender Equity "' Gender Checklist on Transport Gender Checklist on Public Sector Management Public Management and Governance "' Guidance Note – Education Sector Risk Assessment (completed) Subsector Risk Assessment (completed) Guidance Note – Road Transport __ ADB’s governance Governance Stocktake and 15-year strategic review of ^{ Note – Impact of Fiscal Decentralization: Issues in Theory and Policy Note – Fiscal Decentralization in Asia: Challenges and Opportunities Policy in Asia (draft completed) Note – Taxation Policy Economy Analyses of the Roll-On– Governance Brief Issue No. 19 – A Political and Governance Risk Governance Brief Issue No. 20 – Social Accountability Governance Brief Issue No. 21 – Does Decentralization Improve Local Service Transport ^{ Connecting Greater Mekong Subregion Railways: A Strategic Framework, _'' through Public Private Partnerships (Bus Transport) for Urban Transport Toolkit to Grow: Impact Stories from the Philippines Freedom Action – Priorities for Addressing Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific Focused Sector: Case Studies from Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, NAMAs in the Transport _ Bridges across Oceans – Initial Impact Assessment of the Philippines Nautical Projects. Narendra Singru, IED, ADB Reducing Carbon Emissions from Transport Engaging Staff in the Workplace in the Workplace Engaging Staff Management Coordination Enriching Knowledge with Research Enriching Policy Change Fatigue Forestalling Harvesting Knowledge in the Workplace Informal Authority in the Workplace Talent Leading Top Marketing in the Public Sector Public Sector New-Age Branding and the Before, During, and After Seeding Knowledge Solutions for Change on Learning Seeking Feedback Showcasing Knowledge Sector Social Media and the Public Sparking Innovations in Management Sparking Social Innovations for Development Taxonomies The Critical Incident Technique of Social Marketing The Future Measurement of Performance The Perils Building a Learning Organization the Fitness Test Communities of Practice: Passing Better Designing Knowledge Partnerships Leveraging Knowledge with ICT Managing Knowledge at Work Essentials Understanding Knowledge Management and Learning Climate Resilient Future Markets the Changing Role of Rice Opportunities for Investment Partnerships in Business Trust and the Informal Sector Using the Mixed Survey for Measuring the Informal Sector and Informal Employment Brochure Lending 2000–2009 Latest Trends in Independent Evaluation in ADB Latest Trends Learning for Change Primer Learning to Manage with Knowledge Leveraging Learning in Evaluation Linking Research to Practice Picking Investments in Knowledge Management Note on Strengthening PFM through Fixed Asset Management Technical `{ to a Low Carbon, Climate Governance: Ensuring a Collective Commitment Framework Developing Disaster Risk Finance at ADB within a DRM–CCA and Accountability in the Natural Resources and Energy Transparency Fuelling Adaptation in ADB Integrating Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change and Control of Corruption Global Action for Transparency Restoring Trust: in Asia and Security No. 15 – Food Paper RSDD Working Security Status in India: and Nutrition No. 16 – Food Paper RSDD Working Restoring Strengthening Global Action for an Accountable Corporate World: the environments of the poor papers on Various {_ "' A Handbook on Using the Mixed Survey for Measuring Informal Employment \{ Education _ Education by 2020 – A Sector Operations Plan "' Strengthening Inclusive Education in ADB Education and Instructive Material: Public–Private Partnerships Training APPENDIXES 130 Awareness-Raising andMultimediaMaterials:UrbanInnovations ^ Urban Expert-Based SanitationDecisionSupportSystemPhase1(commissioned _"' Wastewater Reuse:Scale,Technologies, andProspects Technologies inIrrigatedAgriculture:CostsandBenefits Small ScaleIrrigation:IsthistheFuture? Less Water, MoreFood: SolutionsforEnhancedProductivity Legislating CleanWater: GettingtheLawstoWork Better From LosstoProfit:Structural Transformation via Energy inWater: TheCase for aSmallerFootprint Cleaning UtilityBalanceSheets:AttractingInvestments Clean UpCosts:ExpandingInvestments Basin PlanningandManagement:AnAsianScorecard Adapting toClimateChange:FloodProtection2030 Accessing AvailableFreshwater: ExpandedCaptureandStorage `{ The IssuesandChallengesofReducingNon-RevenueWater Managing Water inAsia’s River Basins Every DropCounts Economics ofSanitationInitiative–Cost–BenefitAnalysisImproved Water Solid Waste ManagementAssessmentinPakistan Rapid EconomicAssessmentToolkit forDevelopingCities Guide toIncreasingtheClimateResilienceofUrbanWater Infrastructure: __^ Wastewater Treatment –CaseStudyofPPPsinShanghai Urban Water Supply–CaseStudyofPPPsinMaanshan Urban PublicTransport –CaseStudyofPPPinBeijing Urban DevelopmentPolicyofIND(Part2)–CorridorDensification Urban DevelopmentPolicyofIND(Part1)–MobilityPeople Unleashing EconomicGrowth–Region-basedUrbanDevelopmentStrategy Retrofitting SustainableUrbanDevelopmentPractices–PublicTransport Retrofitting SustainableUrbanDevelopmentPractices–RenewableEnergy Rebuilding LivesandHomesinAcehNias,Indonesia Municipal SolidWaste Treatment: CaseStudyofPPPsinWenzhou Financing UrbanDevelopmentinthePRC Financing Mechanism Eco-City Development–NewandSustainableWay Forward? An AssessmentofDemandforImproved HouseholdWater Services Agriculture, FoodSecurityandRuralDevelopment. \ ^^"{_' Unleashing EconomicGrowth:Region-Based UrbanDevelopmentStrategy Lessons fromPrivateSectorParticipation inWater SupplyandSanitation Reduced Non-RevenueWater management ineightAsiancities) Sanitation Program) Sanitation inSoutheastAsiaandSouth Case StudyofWuhanCity, PRC by FloorSpaceIndex-linkedLandUseControlandInfrastructure by BusRapidTransit for Nepal and BestPractices to UNESCO-IHE InstituteforWaterto UNESCO-IHE Education) for Nepal. Sector inDevelopingCountries in SouthWest SriLanka Asian DevelopmentBank June. (summarycompilationofgoodpracticesinurbanwater (commissionedtoIUCN) (commissionedtoWater and OxfordUniversityPress Climate ChangeAdaptationinHimachalPradeshSustainableStrategies An AssessmentofRecentTax Reforms inBangladesh __^ Technical EfficiencyofSawmilling andConservationofNaturalForests: Understanding Poverty inIndia Toolkit forUrbanTransport (BusTransport) throughPublicPrivatePartnerships Toolkit forPublicPrivatePartnership inUrbanWater SupplyforMaharashtra Strengthening CapacityforClimateChangeAdaptation(SriLanka) Scoping StudytoClimateChangeAdaptation-focusedSustainableWater Scoping StudyforIntegratedWater ResourcesManagementinKarnataka SAARC RegionalEnergyTrade Study Risk AssessmentandManagement(Bangladesh) Product InnovationsforFinancingInfrastructureinIndia.AStudy Proceedings oftheInternationalConferenceonPromotingLocalEconomic Proceedings oftheStudyTour ProgramonWater ServicesManagement Private SectorAssessment:TheCaseofBangladesh PPP ProjectsunderStructuring PPP KnowledgeSeries Poverty AssessmentinBangladesh Position Paper onPorts andPrivateSectorParticipation (India)(GoI–ADBPPP The Political EconomyofReformProcessinNepal:Experience Natural GasPricinginBangladesh:APreliminaryAssessment Institutional andPolitical EconomyAnalysisofSocialProtectioninNepal Improving HealthandEducationServiceDeliverythroughPublic–Private Impact StoriesfromNepal:InclusiveGrowth Impact StoriesfromBhutan:TheDriveforDevelopment Impact StoriesfromBangladesh:APortrait ofDevelopment Global FinancialCrisis:TheWay Forward The GlobalFinancialCrisis:ImpactonAsiaandEmergingConsensus Gender EqualityResultsCaseStudies: Food SecurityPapers Fiscal DecentralizationandFiduciaryRisks:ACaseStudyofLocalGovernance Financial SectorReformsinSouthAsia Evaluating thePublicResourceManagementPrograminAssamusing Environment Assessment(Bangladesh) Cross SectoralImplicationsofBiofuelProductionandUseinIndia Contracts forPublic–PrivatePartnership (GoI–ADBPPPInitiative Competitive Cities(November2010) Climate ChangeinSouthAsia:StrongResponsesforBuildingaSustainableFuture Evidence fromSriLanka Initiative KnowledgeSeries) for theStateofMaharashtra(CRISILAssistedStudyunderGoI–ADBPPP (CRISIL AssistedStudyunderGoI–ADBPPPInitiativeKnowledgeSeries) Resources StrategyforHimachalPradesh of IndianDebtMarkets Development (February 2010) to Penang Water Utility(April2010) Urban Water Legal Contracts Health andEducation Initiative KnowledgeSeries) the FinanceSectorin2010 Knowledge Series) Partnerships (KPMGAssistedStudyunderGoI–ADBPPPInitiative Sri Lanka Maldives Bhutan Bangladesh in Nepal a SyntheticControlGroup Knowledge Series) for Water Resources APPENDIXES 131 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual East–West Economic Corridor in Indonesia Series Paper No. 1 for the Greater Mekong Subregion North–South Economic Corridor for the Greater Mekong Subregion North–South Economic No. 3 Reform – Fiscal Decentralization in Indonesia Series Paper for the New Administration. July. Greater Mekong Subregion Southern Economic Corridor in Road Construction Settings and Affected Communities and Other Diseases in the Infrastructure Sector: Greater Mekong Subregion Nautical Highway System and Lessons for Southeast Asia Nautical Highway System and Indonesia Series Paper No. 2 for Nepal (June 2010) (April 2010) by Bus Rapid Transit Land Use Control and Infrastructure by Floor Space-Index Linked 2010) Financing Mechanism (April Strategy and Roadmap for Devolving the Property Tax – Fiscal Decentralization – Fiscal Decentralization Strategy and Roadmap for Devolving the Property Tax Sustainable and Balanced Development: Strategy and Action Plan Toward Towards a Social Protection Strategy for the Poor and Vulnerable Towards and Options for Understanding Sub-National Government Proliferation for Viet Nam’s Future Vital Water: `{{ January. In Cambodia. Advancing Competition Policy Options towards Fiscal Consolidation: Policy Reforms Tax Philippines Urban Sector Assessment, Strategy and Roadmap. October. Legs.” October. on Two the Philippine Economy: “Working Transforming Inflows to Indonesia. Mix to Manage Increasing Capital Policy October. Philippines Quarterly Economic Updates. April, July, _ Review Background Paper Performance Country Portfolio _'' Cambodia: Building Solid Physical and Social Infrastructure to Grow: Impact Stories from the Philippines Freedom Crossroads of Change Democratic Republic: At the Lao People’s The Heart of Development: Impact Stories from Cambodia Social Impact of the Global Financial Crisis in the Philippines Strategy and Action Plan for the Greater Mekong Subregion Gender Equality Results in ADB Projects: Indonesia Country Report Gender Equality Results in ADB Projects: Indonesia Country Report Gender Equality Results in ADB Projects: Viet Nam Country Report Ho Chi Minh City Adaptation to Climate Change: Summary HIV Lessons from the Northern Economic Corridor: Mitigating Making a Difference in Mindanao Practice Guidelines for Harmonizing HIV Prevention Initiatives Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia Sanitation Finance in Rural Cambodia Plan for the Sharing Growth and Prosperity: Strategy and Action Central Government Spending in the Regions – Fiscal Decentralization in Central Government Spending Strategic Framework Connecting Greater Mekong Subregion Railways: A for HIV Prevention and Safe Migration Tool For Life, With Love: Training ^{ Strategy on Regional Cooperation Background papers Assessment Bangladesh Country Gender Inclusion in Nepal Equality and Social Overview of Gender Strategy (RCS)Regional Cooperation Report 2006–2008 Completion Strategy Urban Development Growth: Region-Based Unleashing Economic of People 1): Mobility of India (Part Urban Development Policy Densification 2): Corridor of India (Part Urban Development Policy ^^^"{_' Growth in the Philippines An Agenda for High and Inclusive Impact Assessment of the Philippines Bridges across Oceans: Initial Issues of malgovernance in SARD Countries. No. 44. Infrastructure Development Investment Program in India. No. 42. of the ‘Dutch Disease.’ No. 35. in Developing Asia. No. 34. Benefits. No. 37. Growth. No. 36. New Labor Split Data. No. 40. PPP and Agriculture: Lessons Learned from the Design of the Agribusiness Resilience of Remittance Inflows to Nepal in FY2009 and Emerging Signs Preliminary Evidence in Boosting Growth: Role of Fiscal Policy Guwahati Assam, Modernization of Taraporewala Aquarium – Mumbai) Aquarium Modernization of Taraporewala Guwahati Assam, policy responses its determinants and possible Pradesh, Life Dignified: Shelters for the (NRW Reduction in Madhya School Plant, Gyanodaya: Voucher Sewage Treatment Homeless, Kolhapur Hospital Project) Programme in Rajasthan, Gwalior Projects Development Programs and Series 1. February. (2 issues) Environmental Safeguards (Module on CD) Social Safeguards (Module on CD) Forum Pension 2010) (Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada, Sept Countries Information System (RAMIS)” into Partner Institute the Energy Sector (Bangladesh Energy Regulators, Asian Bangkok, June 2010) of Technology, No. 43. Forward. Economics and Way Biofuels for India: Policy, Commercialization of Microfinance. No. 41. in SARD. No. 39. Gender at Work Governance Risk Assessment in ADB Programs/Projects. No. 38. and Regional Integration Trade, Harnessing Economic Corridor, for Inclusive and Sustainable Potential Harnessing South Asian Tourism Mirror Mirror the wall: Why am I not the fairest of them all? Progress for Brief: A Partnership Effectiveness Bangladesh: Development (4) Economic Update Bangladesh Quarterly Management – (Solid Waste (2): Snapshots of PPP Projects Case Studies of Prices in India? – A review What is Happening to Food Flash Note 8: South Asia: Why it Matters Most in Facilitation Flash Note 9: Trade of the Stock Price Surge in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka Flash Note 10: Determinants 2010 India Economic Bulletin January–March Brief Nepal: Development Effectiveness Nepal Economic Updates (3) of Pilot PPP Projects being Developed Notes from the Field (5): Snapshots Economy Approach to Improve the Impact of Notes on a Political `{ Paper Asia Working The Impact of the Global Crisis on South Asia. South _'' ADB India Newsletter (quarterly) Bangladesh Economic Indicators Update Sharing Knowledge on PPP Projects, Events, and Activities Bulletin 3P: Capacity Building Program for Executing Agency Staff Gender and Development brochure Newsletter on PPP Activities RCI News Alert Asia 6480 Subproject workshop on Scoping for the Proposed South RETA and Reality Presentation on Electricity Sector Reforms: Expectations Management Presentation on Introduction of “Revenue Administration to Independent Regulation: Challenges in Presentation on Transition South Asia Seminar Series APPENDIXES 132 >| > ~ ~! |~! !> >| b HongKong, China;RepublicofKorea; andSingapore. a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. = unsuccessful;DMCdevelopingmembercountry. GS =generallysuccessful,HShighlyPSpartlySUS Evaluation Results Table A15.1 X {X _ Evaluation ResultsforSovereignLoans APPENDIX 15 itNm 2 33 43 2.4 14.3 83.3 6.3 36.3 42 57.5 10.0 80 18.3 57.5 35.6 Graduate Economies 32.5 Viet Nam 46.2 Uzbekistan 13 Thailand 64 40 Tajikistan 14 104 53.8 Sri Lanka Philippines 125 89.1 Papua NewGuinea 0.0 92.9 4.3 Pakistan 151 25.0 47.2 25.5 38.5 Pacific DMCs 75.0 70.2 Nepal 77 Myanmar 11 51.7 4.6 10.9 7.1 Mongolia 27 8.0 36.0 20 47 Maldives 10 7.7 87.4 Malaysia 57 63.6 57.1 63.0 DemocraticRepublic Lao People’s 34.4 80.0 0.0 Kyrgyz Republic 0.0 87 16.8 64.9 Kazakhstan 10 Indonesia 192 27.3 29.6 India 45 32.5 60.0 Georgia 2 10.0 13.9 62.5 Republicof 29.8 China, People’s Cambodia 23 9.1 64.4 40.0 Bhutan 13 7.4 100.0 { Bangladesh 111 30.7 87.0 10.4 Azerbaijan 1 10.0 Armenia 1 5.3 59.5 76.9 Afghanistan 4 0.0 \ 100.0 28.9 0.0 6.8 13.0 75.0 32.4 100.0 15.4 0.0 8.1 25.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 0.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 by Country, CumulativefromEvaluationYear 1973–2010 ratings inallcaseswherebothPCRandPCRVRorPPERareavailable. reports (PCRVRs),andproject/programevaluation(PPERs)usingPCRVRorPPER Based onaggregateresultsofproject/programcompletionreports(PCRs),PCRvalidation Asian DevelopmentBank b 6 86.9 61 11.5 1.6 a for Sovereign Operations forSovereignOperations (no.) ^*{^ {^ ^*^^ { (%) >| > ~ ~! |~! !> >| GS =generallysuccessful,HShighlyPSpartlyS by Sector, CumulativefromEvaluationYear 1973–2010 adS rie 17 99 20 8.2 32.0 5.4 59.9 13.0 10.0 147 81.6 37.5 52.5 12.7 27.0 239 40 60.3 and Services 3.9 Municipal Infrastructure Water andOther 37.3 63 58.8 Transport andICT Management Public Sector 51 Multisector 71 Industry andTrade 14.4 39.4 Social {X Protection 46.2 Health and _ Finance 148 74.6 { 368 Energy 199 Education 106 Natural Resources Agriculture and 50.0 19.7 \ 79.4 72.6 Evaluation Results 5.6 Table A15.2 38.5 24.5 18.6 2.8 11.5 2.0 a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. US =unsuccessful;ICTinformationandcommunicationtechnology. ratings inallcaseswherebothPCRandPCRVRorPPERareavailable. reports (PCRVRs),andproject/programevaluation(PPERs)usingPCRVRorPPER Based onaggregateresultsofproject/programcompletionreports(PCRs),PCRvalidation a for Sovereign Operations forSovereignOperations (no.) ^*{^ {^ ^*^^ { (%)

APPENDIXES

2002

133 2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995 1994

Annual Report 2010 Report Annual

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

Ordinary capital resources capital Ordinary

1988

1987

1986

1985 1984

Year of Approval

1983

1982 1981

Asian Development Fund

1980

1979

1978

1977

Total

1976

1975

1974

1973

1972

1971 1970

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

100

(%) Success Rate Success Notes: to 2010. Based on completed projects/programs evaluated from 1973 Project/program implementation: 4–7 years. Completion report: 1–2 years after completion. Project/program evaluation: 3 years or more after completion. size. Data from 2003 onwards are not included due to small sample are completed and evaluated. Figures for 2001–2002 may change as additional projects/programs Figure A15 Funds by Source of Deemed Successful (Projects/Programs) Operations of Sovereign Percentage APPENDIXES 134 oe oasmyntadu eas frudn. c Thecriteriausedinevaluatingsovereignprojects werealsousedinevaluatingnonsovereignprojectsfrom1992tomid-2006. b a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. GS =generallysuccessful,HShighlyPSpartlySUSunsuccessful. oe oasmyntadu eas frudn. b a Note: Totals maynotaddupbecauseofrounding. GS =generallysuccessful,HShighlyPSpartlySUSunsuccessful;FIfinancialin c Evaluation Results Table A15.4 Evaluation Results Table A15.3 ~@! ||}}| >>! !@ >!~ ~>! |@ }!} ||!| @@!~ >~ einl25. 000033. 670.0 66.7 33.3 3 0.0 50.0 50.0 2 Regional itNm00000003100000.0 0.0 100.0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Viet Nam hiad00000001100000.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Thailand r ak 0. . . 0. . 0.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 100.0 1 Sri Lanka hlpie 004. . 0. . 0.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 40.0 60.0 5 Philippines aitn31000000000000.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 100.0 3 Pakistan ea . 0. . . . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 100.0 0.0 1 Nepal ogla00000001100000.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Mongolia noei 0. . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 100.0 2 Indonesia ni 0. . . 002. 0.0 20.0 80.0 5 0.0 0.0 100.0 2 India hn,Pol’ eulco . . . 671. 16.7 16.7 66.7 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 China, People’s Republicof htn00000001100000.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Bhutan ~@! ||}}| >>! !@ >!~ ~>! |@ }!} ||!| @@!~ >~ agaeh210000002100000.0 0.0 100.0 2 0.0 0.0 100.0 2 Bangladesh aia akt,Fns n I 502. . 56. 676.7 26.7 66.7 15 0.0 25.0 75.0 8 Capital Markets,Funds, andFIs zrajn00000002100000.0 0.0 100.0 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Azerbaijan nrsrcue77. 86001 0. . 0.0 0.0 100.0 11 0.0 28.6 71.4 7 Infrastructure fhnsa . . . 0. . 0.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Afghanistan ^ \ nuty310000001100000.0 0.0 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 100.0 3 Industry end Thenewcriteriaforevaluatingnonsovereignprojects,asharmonizedwithothermembersoftheEvaluationCooperationGroup,we of 2006. The newcriteriaforevaluatingnonsovereignprojects,asharmonizedwithother membersoftheEvaluationCooperationGroup,we n f20. end of2006. vlainrprs(PR)uigXRo PRrtnsi l ae hr ohPRXR n V/PRrtnsaeaalbe evaluation reports(PPERs)usingXVRorPPERratingsinallcaseswherebothPCR/XARRandXVR/PPERareavailable. Based onaggregateresultsofprojectcompletionreports(PCRs),extendedannualreview(XARRs),XARRvalidationreport evaluation reports(PPERs)usingXVRorPPERratingsinallcaseswherebothPCR/XARRandXVR/PPERareavailable. Based onaggregateresultsofprojectcompletionreports(PCRs),extendedannualreview(XARRs),XARRvalidationreport h rtraue neautn oeeg rjcswr loue neautn osvrinpoet rm19 omd20. The criteriausedinevaluatingsovereignprojectswerealso nonsovereign projectsfrom1992tomid-2006. Asian DevelopmentBank for Nonsovereign Operations by Country Cumulative fromEvaluationYear forNonsovereignOperationsbyCountry 1992–2010 forNonsovereignOperationsbySectorCumulativefromEvaluationYear 1992–2010 {X _ (no.) {X _ (no.) {X>||}} ^* ^^ {^ ^*^^ ^* ^ ^^{ ^ {^ ^^ ^ {^ ^*^^ {X>| \ |}}\ (% oftotal) (% oftotal) b b {X _ {X _ (no.) (no.) {X|}}|}>} ^^{ ^ {^ ^^ {X|}} stitution. |}>}\ \ s (XVRs),andproject s (XVRs),andproject (% oftotal) re usedstarting re usedstarting (% oftotal) c

c APPENDIXES 135 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual _'&_'? &{\? &{_'? {_ Corner of Lanexang Avenue and Samsenthai Road 9724 Box P.O. Democratic Republic Vientiane, Lao People’s Tel +856 21 250444 +85 621 250333 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5544 '_'&'_'? Street 4 Seoul MCS Plaza, 2nd Floor, Ulaanbaatar 14251, Mongolia Tel +976 11 329836 +976 11 311795 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5505 _'&_'? No. 31 Srikunj, Kamaldi Ward Box 5017 Kathmandu, Nepal P.O. Tel 1 422 7779 +977 +977 1 422 5063 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5515 {\&{\? 6 ADB Ave., Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel 2 683 1002 +63 +63 2 683 1030 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 1000 {\ 1 Margaret St., Suite 1802 Level 18 Australia 2000, New South Wales Sydney, Tel 2 8270 9444 +61 +61 2 8270 9445 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5589 {*_' 1992 Box Level 13, P.O. Deloitte Tower, National Capital District Moresby, Port New Guinea Papua +675 321 0408 Tel +675 321 0400; +675 321 0407 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5565 *_'&*_'? Building JSC Cartu 12th Floor, 39A Chavchavadze Avenue 0162 Tbilisi, Georgia Tel +995 32 250619 /20 /21 +995 32 250622 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5534 "_'&"_'? 4 San Martin Marg Chanakyapuri New Delhi 110 021, India 5331, Chanakyapuri HPO Box P.O. Tel +91 11 2410 7200 +91 11 2687 0955 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5514 "_'&"_'? Jl. Jend. Gedung BRI II, 7th Floor, 44-46 Sudirman Kav. Jakarta 10210, Indonesia Box 99 JKPSA P.O. Jakarta Pusat 10350A, Indonesia Tel 21 251 2721 +62 +62 21 251 2749 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5511 _'&_'? 154A, Nauryzbai batyr str. 3rd Floor KABLAN Business Center, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan Tel 727 3300 950 to 952 +7 +7 727 3300 954 Fax ADB Local 5342 _'&_'? 12 Samal Microdistrict 10th Floor Business Center, Astana Tower Astana 010000, Kazakhstan Tel +7 7172 325053 +7 7172 328343 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5506 _'&_'? 52–54 Orozbekov Street Republic Bishkek, 720040 Kyrgyz Tel +996 312 624192 +996 312 624196 Fax +996 312 900445 [email protected] ADB Local 5542 _'&{_\'? _'&]_'? Street No. 2 House 126, Roundabout Shar-e-Naw Haji Yaqub Department Next to District 10 Police 3070, Kabul, Afghanistan Box P.O. Tel +93 20 210 3602 +93 85 535 204 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5535 _'&__'? Sargsyan Street 26/1 Vazgen, Center Erebuni Plaza Business 0010 Offices 413–416 Yerevan Republic of Armenia Tel 10 546371 to 73 +374 +374 10 546374 Fax ADB Local 5549 X_'&_'? Bakikhanov 6, Bridge Plaza Baku AZ1022, Azerbaijan 8th Floor, Tel 12 437 3477 +994 +994 12 437 3475 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5588 _'&_'? Nagar Plot No. E-31, Sher-e-Bangla Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh GPO Box 2100, Bangladesh Tel 2 815 6000 to 6008 +880 +880 2 815 6018 to 6019 Fax [email protected] ADB Local 5512 \_'&\_'? No. 29, Suramarit Boulevard (St. 268) Sangkat Chaktomuk Phnom Penh Khan Daun Penh Box 2436 Cambodia P.O. Tel +855 23 215805 /06 +855 23 215807 Fax +855 23 216417 [email protected] ADB Local 5509 {_\ Tower China World 17th Floor, Avenue No.1 Jian Guo Men Wai Chaoyang District, Beijing 100004 Republic of China People’s Tel +86 10 8573 0909 +86 10 8573 0808 Fax www.adb.org/prcm/ cn.adb.org ADB Local 5521 ADB CONTACT ADDRESSES ADB CONTACT &>|}}? APPENDIXES 136 ADB Local5539 [email protected] 247953,247814 Fax +992372244900 +992372 210558,271895,271897 Tel Dushanbe 734001,Tajikistan 107 NozimKhikmatStreet X_'&_'? ADB Local5520 www.adb.org Fax +6703324132 +670332 4801 Tel Dili, Timor-Leste ADB BuildingAvenidaDosDireitos ^&^? ADB Local5507 [email protected] Fax +94112674488 +9411 2674499 Tel Colombo 7,SriLanka 23, IndependenceAvenue ^_'&^_'? ADB Local5522 [email protected] Fax +6793318074 +6793318101 Tel 91 GordonStreet,Suva,Fiji 5th Floor, RaMaramaBuilding ^{^&^{^? ADB Local5513 +92512087397/98 [email protected] +92512087300 Fax +92512600365to66 +92512600351to69 Tel Islamabad, Pakistan Khayaban-e-Suharwardy, G-5 Serena BusinessComplex Level 8,NorthWing {_'&{_'? Humanos Asian DevelopmentBank ADB Local5519 [email protected] Fax +84439331373 +8443933 1374 Tel Ha Noi,VietNam Hoan KiemDistrict 23 PhanChuTrinh Street Units 701–706,SunRedRiverBuilding _'&_'? ADB Local5508 [email protected] Fax +998711401976 +99871 1401920to25 Tel Tashkent 100027,Uzbekistan KhodjaevStreet 1, A. _'&_'? Fax +99312454986 Tel +99312454986 54 Room401,Ashgabat,Turkmenistan Turkmenbashi Shayoly Yimpash BusinessCenterBuilding _'&_'? ADB Local5526 [email protected] Fax +6622635301to02 +6622635300 Tel Pathumwan, Bangkok10330,Thailand 999/9 Rama1Road 23rd Floor, TheOfficesatCentralWorld _'&_'? ADB Local5503 [email protected] Fax +81335935571 +8133593 5500 Tel Tokyo 100-6008,Japan 3-2-5 Kasumigaseki,Chiyoda-ku Kasumigaseki Building,8thFloor "&"? ADB Local5516 [email protected] Fax +12027281505 +1202 7281500 Tel Washington, D.C.20006,UnitedStates 900 17thStreetNW, Suite900 _ ADB Local5518 [email protected] Fax +81335043165 +81335043160 Tel Tokyo 100-6008,Japan 3-2-5 Kasumigaseki,Chiyoda-ku Kasumigaseki Building,8thFloor _&_? ADB Local5517 [email protected] Fax +496921936444 +496921936400 Tel 60313 Frankfurt amMain,Germany Rahmhofstrasse 2 _&_? &_? APPENDIXES 137 Annual Report 2010 Report Annual _""^ ADB – Bank Asian Development ADF – Fund Asian Development CAREC – Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Central CGIF – Investment Facility Credit Guarantee and CoP – of practice community CTL – Controller’s Department Controller’s CTL – CRP – Panel Compliance Review DMC – developing member country GMS – Greater Mekong Subregion ICT – technology information and communication IED – Independent Evaluation Department MDG – Millennium Development Goal MfDR – Results Managing for Development OAG – Office of the Auditor General OAI – and Integrity Office of Anticorruption OAS – Office of Administrative Services OCR – capital resources ordinary OIST – and Technology Office of Information Systems PSOD – Private Sector Operations Department Refers to loans, Cofinancing with active A debt-financing facility Refer to an ADB-financed ADB lending is classified as The shared financing with a third party The shared financing Involves the specific application of instruments Involves the specific application of instruments A tranche of a direct loan nominally advanced nominally advanced of a direct loan A tranche *^^_ ! eligible financial institutions’ taking by ADB, subject to within such a tranche and funded risk participations to ADB. It complements an A-loan without recourse funded by ADB. \! (other than the project sponsors) on a transaction-specific sponsors) on a transaction-specific (other than the project (e.g., loan or technical assistance) basis for a project with ADB funds, risk taking, or or program associated It can be with or without a administrative involvement. agreement among the financing formal coordination are official and partners. The main sources of cofinancing commercial. ! among financing coordination and formal agreements benefits, including partners that bring about defined client as for credit contractual commitments by ADB (such administration) to enhancement, syndication, or financial or participation in facilitate mobilization, administration, cofinancing. '! confinancing, and (loan, equity investment, grant, project policy-based guarantee) classified as investment support, support support, other budget support (countercylical facility), or technical and advisory support. '! of large stand- to target discrete, sequential components sector investment alone projects; slices (or tranches) of the current norm; programs over a longer time frame than guarantees. financial intermediary credit lines; and ! transaction with a subsovereign, state-owned enterprise, or private sector entity as other public–private entity, obligor or investee, normally without direct sovereign indemnity. {! sovereign or nonsovereign. A sovereign loan is guaranteed by the national government, while a nonsovereign loan is not. guarantees, and syndications to or for enterprises that are majority owned by public parties (defined as entities with more than 50% of their capital held publicly). ^ ! Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444 Fax +63 2 636 2444 [email protected] www.adb.org

Treasury Department Fax +63 2 632 4707 +63 2 632 4120 SWIFT Address ASDBPH MM

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