Is Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Ethically Acceptable?
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Schiavo Revisited? the Trs Uggle for Autonomy at the End of Life in Italy Kathy L
Marquette Elder's Advisor Volume 12 Article 3 Issue 2 Spring Schiavo Revisited? The trS uggle for Autonomy at the End of Life in Italy Kathy L. Cerminara Nova Southeastern University Shepard Broad Law Center Federico Gustavo Pizzetti University of Milan, Italy Watcharin H. Photangtham Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/elders Part of the Elder Law Commons Repository Citation Cerminara, Kathy L.; Pizzetti, Federico Gustavo; and Photangtham, Watcharin H. (2011) "Schiavo Revisited? The trS uggle for Autonomy at the End of Life in Italy," Marquette Elder's Advisor: Vol. 12: Iss. 2, Article 3. Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/elders/vol12/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marquette Elder's Advisor by an authorized administrator of Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SCHIAVO REVISITED? THE STRUGGLE FOR AUTONOMY AT THE END OF LIFE IN ITALY Kathy L. Cerminara*, Federico Gustavo Pizzetti** & Watcharin H. Photangtham*** Politically strident debates surrounding end-of-life decisionmaking have surfaced once again, this time across the Atlantic in Italy. Eluana Englaro died in 2009 after a prolonged court fight, causing the internationalpress to compare her case to that of Theresa Marie Schiavo, who passed away in 2005 in Florida after nearly This Article's analysis of proposed Italian legislation was current as of August, 2010. Political debate has, however, continued in Italy, so that any legislation eventually passed may differ in important ways from that discussed here. -
The Withdrawal of Treatment
The Withdrawal of Treatment Lucy Elisabeth James Abstract The withdrawal of treatment is one of the most emotionally challenging and ethically complex aspects of end-of-life care. As our ability to prolong life progresses, the necessity to address issues such as the withdrawal of treatment increases in parallel. This paper approaches the subject from an ethical point of view and aims to establish the utility of ethical frameworks in the 21st century. To achieve this, the withdrawal of treatment is outlined and the arguments both for and against this topic are considered. Ethical frameworks are summarised and applied to the Airedale NHS Trust v. Bland [1993] case. The article argues that through asking ethical questions, one seems not to shed light on the matter, but only emphasises its complexity. In conclusion, although a traditional ethical framework may be applied to the issue of the withdrawal of treatment, multiple criticisms accentuate its impracticality and irrelevance in the modern medical world. Introduction be performed for the benefit of others, Ethical frameworks will be studied, and In my first year of University a close friend thus all healthcare providers must strive are applied to the Airedale NHS Trust v. of mine was involved in a critical accident. to do the most good for the patient. Bland [1993] case study. He remained on life support for the Non-maleficence is one of the principal following six months before physicians precepts of medical ethics and involves decided that the most appropriate action The withdrawal of treatment healthcare providers avoiding causing to take would be to withdraw support. -
A Right to Die: a Comparing Discourse of Case Laws in United States of America, European Court of Human Rights, United Kingdom and Albania
JAHR Vol. 5 No. 9 2014 UDK 34:17:614.253 Professional article Brunilda Bara, Gentian Vyshka* A right to die: a comparing discourse of case laws in united states of america, european court of human rights, united kingdom and albania ABSTRACT As human beings we are bound up with the medical profession. It is certain that at some point in our life we rely on their help. Even if such help is avoided throughout life, some life activities involve recourse to medical care. During the exercise of its activity the medical profession is faced with many ethical dilemmas, where the solution is not in the law, where choice and decision making become difficult in terms of ethics and where they must rely on their values and judgments. That’s why the involvement of the medical profession in everyone’s lives makes the understanding of the law governing the medical profession extremely important. Patient rights are part of human rights. This article’s aim is to present one important patient right - the right to die. Whilst is accepted the increasing role of the medical profession in determining the shape of the law in medical care, this article focuses on understanding how different courts deal with cases involving the right to die. The article offers a framework on patient’s right to die in the United States of America, Europe, United Kingdom and Albania. Key words: assisted suicide, case law, euthanasia, right to die, right to life, physician * Correspondence address: Gentian Vyshka, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tirana, Albania, e-mail: gvyshka@ yahoo.com 135 JAHR Vol. -
THE CASE of ELUANA ENGLARO Constitutional Court Translation by Rebecca Spitzmiller and Silvia Deconca HOLDINGS: on the Matter Of
THE CASE OF ELUANA ENGLARO Constitutional Court Translation by Rebecca Spitzmiller and Silvia DeConca HOLDINGS: On the matter of euthanasia, regarding the case of Eluana, no conflict between the powers of the State emerges from the decisions taken by the judges; they did not use such decisions as mere formal shields to instead exercise legislative functions or to diminish Parliament’s legislative power, which remains its holder. See Court of Appeals of Milan 9/7/08 Corte d’Appello di Milano 9.7.2008. (source: Altalex Massimario 34/2008) Altalex Massimario 34/2008)----- FULL TEXT Constitutional Court Order 8 October 2008 number 334 THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT composed of the Honourable: - Franco BILE President - Giovanni Maria FLICK Judge - Francesco AMIRANTE “ - Ugo DE SIERVO “ - Paolo MADDALENA “ - Alfio FINOCCHIARO “ - Alfonso QUARANTA “ - Franco GALLO “ - Luigi MAZZELLA “ - Gaetano SILVESTRI “ - Sabino CASSESE “ - Maria Rita SAULLE “ - Giuseppe TESAURO “ - Paolo Maria NAPOLITANO “ pronounced the following ORDER: in the controversies over the attribution of State powers that arose following the decision of the Court of Cassation no. 21748 of 16 October 2007 and the decree of the Court of Appeals of Milan of 25 June 2008, brought on petitions by the Chamber of Deputies and by the Senate of the Republic filed in the office of the clerk’s court on 17 September 2008 and registered with numbers 16 and 17 in the case registry of conflicts between powers of the State 2008, admissibility stage. Heard in the council chamber by Hon. Judge Speaker Ugo De Siervo on 8 October 2008. Considering that with the petition filed on 17 September 2008 (regulation of conflict of administrative powers no. -
Assisted Suicide: Article 17 of the Italian Code of Medical Ethics Follows in the Footsteps of the Italian Constitutional Court’S Landmark Ruling
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2020; 24: 10309-10312 Assisted suicide: article 17 of the Italian Code of Medical Ethics follows in the footsteps of the Italian Constitutional Court’s landmark ruling Dear Editor, Less than a year ago, on September 25th 2019, the Italian Constitutional Court issued a land- mark decision on assistance in dying, thus setting a long-awaited standard in terms of regulating assisted suicide1. The ruling related to the case of Fabiano Antoniani, also known as DJ Fabo, a man in his forties who had made a pondered, steadfast decision to receive assistance in dying at a Swiss euthanasia clinic in 2017. Fabiano was left blind and tetraplegic in the aftermath of a catastrophic road accident in 2014. His death has since become the subject of heated debate in a country, such as Italy, where euthanasia, whether active (i.e., doctors actively causing the patient’s death) or passive (the self-administration by the patient of lethal drugs to end his or her life, the way Fabiano ended his), is adamantly opposed by the Catholic Church. Italy’s Constitutional Court has made it clear that euthanasia should be permitted by law in certain circumstances, including those in which a patient’s irreversible condition was “causing physical and psychological suffering that he or she considers intolerable”. The court’s ruling was centered around assisted dying and the “legal framework concerning end of life [situations]”. A request had in fact been made by a Milan court to provide a clear interpretation of the law in the trial against pro-euthanasia politician, activist and campaigner Marco Cappato, who had actively helped Antoniani with his journey to a Swiss clinic which pro- vides assisted suicide. -
Euthanasia Last Update: October 2009 Contact: Christina Rose
DRZE/In Focus Euthanasia Last update: October 2009 Contact: Christina Rose I. Introduction and basic conceptual distinctions On the one hand, the term Euthanasia (see module Euthanasia) may denote "assistance throughout the dying process", that is, support and accompaniment during the time leading up to death. In this sense, euthanasia entails the support of the dying person by giving care, pain-relieving treatment and personal comfort. As such, its urgent necessity in the dying process is undisputed. Yet on the other hand "euthanasia" can also denote "assistance in achieving death", then entailing the killing or "letting die" of a dying, seriously ill or suffering person in accordance with their own express or assumed wishes or interests. The issue of "assistance in achieving death" is discussed in the context of varying situations. The debate frequently distinguishes four types of euthanasia in the sense of "assistance in achieving death": 1 "Letting die"/"Passive euthanasia": renunciation of life-prolonging measures (while continuing to give "basic care" and pain-relief treatment 2 "Indirect euthanasia"/"Indirect active euthanasia": pain-relief treatment while tolerating a (non-intended) risk of shortening the patient's life span 3 "Assisted suicide"/"Support for voluntary death": assisted suicide e.g. by procuring and supplying the lethal drug 4 "Active euthanasia"/"Direct active euthanasia"/"Termination of life on request": Intentional and active acceleration or bringing about of death. Contrary to indirect euthanasia, death is not only tolerated but intended. Contrary to assisted suicide, the ultimate decisive impulse is not given by the patient but by a third party. The range of meaning of the term euthanasia is a wide one. -
Aspectos Flosóficos Y Jurídicos Del Debate Sobre El Tema De La Eutanasia Y Del Suicidio Asistido
Opción ISSN: 1012-1587 [email protected] Universidad del Zulia Venezuela FARALLI, Carla Aspectos flosóficos y jurídicos del debate sobre el tema de la eutanasia y del suicidio asistido. Una comparación entre los Estados Unidos de América e Italia Opción, vol. 32, núm. 79, abril-, 2016, pp. 13-31 Universidad del Zulia Maracaibo, Venezuela Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=31046684002 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Opción, Año 32, No. 79 (2016): 13 - 31 ISSN 1012-1587 Aspectos losócos y jurídicos del debate sobre el tema de la eutanasia y del suicidio asistido. Una comparación entre los Estados Unidos de América e Italia 1 Carla FARALLI 2 Presidente de la Asociación Italiana de Filosofía del Derecho, Italia C.I.R.S.F.I.D. - University of Bologna Via Galliera, 3 40121 - Bologna - ITALY http://www.unibo.it/docenti/carla.faralli Resumen El estudio toma como análisis algunos casos de eutanasia/suicidio asistido, vericados en los Estados Unidos, a partir de la mitad de los años ’70 y los compara con los dos casos de estudio líderes de la Bioética del nal de la vida en Italia: El caso Welby y el Caso Englaro. El primero está referido a un sujeto capaz de entender y querer pero no está en grado de realizar autónomamente su voluntad; el segundo está referido a un sujeto incapaz de entender y de querer. -
Limitacion Esfuerzo Terapéutico .LET
CALIDAD ASISTENCIAL EN EL F INAL DE LA V IDA E N EL P ACIENTE CR ØTICO . C O NSIDER ACIO NES ETICAS “ N on enim vivere sed bene vivere” L.A .S éneca “N o desdeñes la m uerte; antes bien, acógela gustosam ente, en la convicción de que esta es una de las cosas que la naturaleza quiere “ M arco A urelio II Edición M aster de B ioética Cátedra A ndaluza de B ioética Pedro R am os Fdez de Cañete 1 CONTENIDOS……………………………………………………………PAGINA INTRODUCCION………………………………………………………… 4 ALGUNOS CONCEPTOS BASICOS…………………………………. 11 EL PUNTO DE PARTIDA………………………………………………. 14 FINES DE LA MEDICINA EN EL SIGLO XXI………………………… 21 ¿ES ETICA LA LET?......................................................................... 27 LA AUTONOMÍA…………………………………………… . 27 Concepto de Dignidad y Muerte Digna………………………….. 29 La Planificación Estratégica de Decisiones……………………. 42 LA SOCIEDAD PLURAL: ………………………………………….. 46 1.- Puntos de vista religiosos…………………………………. 46 La Iglesia Católica…………………………….. 46 El Protestantismo……………………………… 49 El Judaísmo…………………………………… 51 El Islam………………………………………… 54 El Budismo…………………………………….. 56 2.- Diferencias culturales…………………………………….. 57 LA NO MALEFICIENCIA………………………… 59 PAPEL DE LA TECNOLOGÍA ………………………………… 59 CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE FUTILIDAD………. …………… 65 AGEISMO Y CALIDAD DE VIDA.............................................. 73 NO PONER O RETIRAR.......................................................... 78 EL PROBLEMA DE LA NUTRICIÓN E HIDRATACIÓN............................ 81 La NAH en el EV................................................86 2 La NAH en las -
Viviana Molaschi** Abstract This Paper
WITHDRAWAL OF ARTIFICIAL HYDRATION AND NUTRITION FROM A PATIENT IN A PERMANENT VEGETATIVE STATE IN ITALY : SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ENGLARO CASE * Viviana Molaschi** Abstract This paper discusses some issues related to end-of-life decisions in Italy: in particular, it addresses the question of withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration from a patient in a permanent vegetative state, investigated through the examination of the so-called Englaro case. The acknowledgment of the right to withdraw this kind of treatment is analyzed focusing on three issues: the qualification of artificial hydration and nutrition as medical treatment; the maintenance of the right to refuse and stop this treatment as a corollary of the principle of self determination, sealed and implemented by the principle of informed consent; the possibility to claim this right by decisionally incapable individuals. The article has a comparative approach: it compares the Englaro case with the U.S. Terri Schiavo case (sometimes, Eluana Englaro is called the “Italian Terri Schiavo”) and examines the influence of U.S. case law on the former. Finally, it expresses some considerations on the criticalities that have arisen in the Italian Parliamentary debate regarding living wills. It also tackles the question of the opportunity to enact a law on advance directives in Italy and of the features of such a regulation. * This paper consists of the redrafting of a presentation entitled “ Withdrawal of Artificial Hydration and Nutrition from a Patient in a Permanent Vegetative State in Italy: Some Considerations on the Englaro Case ”, given on 20 October 2010 at one of the Bioethics Seminars organised by the Joint Centre for Bioethics of the University of Toronto. -
Marco Bellocchio
SIGN IN | LOG IN Search HOME ABOUT US MAGAZINE MULTIMEDIA EVENTS TASTEBOOK BLOGGERS COMMUNITY MAGAZINE FRONT PAGE FACTS & STORIES ARTS & CULTURE LIFE & PEOPLE OP-EDS SPECIALS Home » Magazine EVENTS NEWS Symposium: Day of Remembrance 'Bettina' Art Installation at Staten Island Ferry Terminal Doily Craft on In collaboration with the a Large Scale Consulate General of Italy LIFE & PEOPLE Sleeping Beauty: Marco Bellocchio Addresses IN THIS SECTION Euthanasia Sleeping Beauty: Marco Bellocchio NATASHA LARDERA (January 30, 2012) Addresses Euthanasia NATASHA LARDERA NOIAW Founder and Chairwoman to Retire Sting Prevents World War Three! DARRELL FUSARO Remembering an Italian-American Legend: Joe Paterno NATASHA LARDERA Do what you love and and money will follow - whether you believe it or not! DARRELL FUSARO View all >> Marco Bellocchio The celebrated Italian filmmaker proceeds with his retelling of Eluana Englaro's story, a story of life and death that nearly divided Italy. Despite the lack of public funding and incessant controversies, production started in Udine with Toni Servillo, Alba Rohrwacher, Michele Riondino and Piergiorgio Bellocchio. Like Send teewT 1 Email Print Permalink “When I prepare to shoot a movie I tell people, ‘judge it for yourself, make up your own mind.’” Italian film director Marco Bellocchio thus commented, in an interview published in the newspaper La Libertà, MULTIMEDIA on the decision of the Regional Council of Friuli Venezia Giulia to refuse, without having even 150 Years of Italian Genius read the script, any p ublic funding to his Bella Addormentata (Sleeping Beauty), a film inspired by Eluana Englaro, a young woman from Friuli whose story plunged the Italian governemnt into a constitutional crisis. -
Analyzing the Paradigmatic Cases of Two Persons
Picozzi et al. BMC Med Ethics (2021) 22:88 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00656-w RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Analyzing the paradigmatic cases of two persons with a disorder of consciousness: refections on the legal and ethical perspectives Mario Picozzi1,2* , Lino Panzeri3, Davide Torri4 and Davide Sattin2,5 Abstract Background: Media have increasingly reported on the difculties associated with end-of-life decision-making in patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DOC), contextualizing such dilemma in detailed accounts of the patient’s life. Two of the frst stories debated in the scientifc community were those related to the cases of two women, one American, the other Italian, who captured attention of millions of people in the frst years of this third millennium. Methods: Much has been written about the challenges of surrogate decision-making for patients in DOC, but less has been written comparing these challenges across legal systems and cultures. In our paper, we propose a sys- tematic analysis of the fnal legal documents written by the American and Italian Courts in relation to the two cases, developing our discussion around three areas: the level of certainty/reliability of diagnosis and prognosis, the recon- struction of self-expression, time of illness and time of care. They are examples of the typical issues discussed by legal authors and allow us to understand the link and the diference between the legal and ethical perspectives. Results: The legal approach to the two cases has some common elements: the need to be certain about the diagno- sis and prognosis and the fact that the clinical criteria are necessary in determining the most appropriate treatments, although these criteria are not sufcient unless they are supplemented by the patient’s will. -
THE CASE of ELUANA ENGLARO Court of Appeals, Milan Translation by Rebecca Spitzmiller & Silvia Deconca
THE CASE OF ELUANA ENGLARO Court of Appeals, Milan Translation by Rebecca Spitzmiller & Silvia DeConca HOLDING: In the light of the horizontal logic of reasonableness, in case of permanent, and, thus, irreversible, vegetative condition, it is possible to order the interruption of the treatment of artificial life support, where incompatibility emerges between one's own conception about the dignity of life and the total and irrecoverable loss of someone's own motor and mental faculties and with the only biological survival of the body in a state of absolute subjection to the will of others. (1) (2) (3) (1) Reading the excellent note of Giuseppe Buffone on point is recommended. (2) On the subject of the right to life and euthanasia, see Cassazione civile 21748/2007. (3) On the theme of euthanasia and the need of a guardian ad litem, see Cassazione civile 8291/2005, with a note by Viola. Among the most recent contributions in the scholarly works, see: - BALLARINO, Eutanasia e testamento biologico nel conflitto di leggi, in Rivista di diritto civile, 2008, n. 1, CEDAM, part I, p. 69; - CAVALLA, Diritto alla vita, diritto sulla vita. Alle origini delle discussioni sull'eutanasia, in Diritto e società, 2008, n. 1, CEDAM, p. 1; - PASSAGLIA, Eutanasia di un diritto (la triste parabola dell'asilo), in Foro italiano (Il), 2006, n. 10, ZANICHELLI, part I, p. 2851. (Source: Altalex Massimario 27/2008. See also note of Giuseppe Buffone) FULL TEXT Court of Appeals Milan Section I Civil Decree 9 July 2008 The Court of Appeal of Milan First Civil Section composed of the Honorable Judges: 1) Dr.