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Monthly Meeting Dr. Richard Connell Speaks at Education Night

Summer Research Scholar Scope and Limitations of the Reaction of Potassium Hydride with Thiones

Governance Actions 229th ACS National Meeting

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2 The Nucleus May 2005 The Northeastern Section of the American Chemical Society, Inc. Office: Marilou Cashman, 23 Cottage St., Contents Natick, MA 01760. 1-800-872-2054 (Voice or FAX) or 508-653-6329. Announcements______4 e-mail: [email protected] Any Section business may be conducted Newell Grants Applications, May YCC Event, Volunteers for ASP Meeting via the business office above. NESACS Homepage: Monthly Meeting ______5 http://www.NESACS.org The Central Role of Medicinal Chemistry in Cancer Drug Discovery Sathish Rangarajan, Webmaster ACS Hotline, Washington, D.C.: 1-800-227-5558 Henry A. 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Copyright 2005, Northeastern Section of the American Chemical Society, Inc. The Nucleus May 2005 3 Action Item May YCC Corporate Patrons AstraZeneca R&D Boston Call for Genzyme Drug Discovery & Dev. Event IBM Applications Bike (or Skate, Run or Walk) Phasex Corporation Lyman C. Newell Grants the Minuteman Bikeway Strem Chemicals Inc. Zone Enterprises The Northeastern Section of the Amer- Date: Wednesday May 25, 2005 Corporate Sponsors (Rain Date Thursday 26th) ican Chemical Society is again offering Aerodyne Research Inc. the Lyman C. Newell Grants for the Time: Meet 6:15 PM for 6:30 Cambridge Isotope Laboratories NEACT 67th Annual Summer Confer- Departure New England BioLabs, Inc. ence on Pedagogy and the Standards Pfizer [http://www.neact.org/sumconf.htm] at Meeting Place:“Uncle Sam” Statue, Sigma-RBI Central Connecticut State University, Arlington Center (Mass Ave. Donors August 1-4, 2005. The Lyman C. and Mystic St.) Newell Grants commemorate a former Consulting Resources Corp. chair of the Northeastern Section who Parking: Ample parking in Arling- Houghton Chemical Company was a distinguished chemist, teacher, ton City lots near Arlington Organix Inc. and historian of chemistry. For many Center. Also well-served by years he was chair of the Chemistry public transportation. Action Item Department at Boston University. Lyman Newell served as the first presi- Please RSVP by May 24. For more dent of NEACT from 1889 to 1900 information: Email Joe Snodgrass at Call for and expressed a continuing interest in [email protected] or training chemistry students throughout phone 617 494-0400, ext 235 his long career. It is fitting that his Volunteers Light colored clothing, reflective vests American Society of efforts are continued by grants that and bands, lights and helmets highly bear his name. recommended! Pharmacognosy Meeting This year we will be awarding We will ride at a leisurely pace up The 2007 Annual Meeting of the four grants. The total fees for Monday the beautiful Minuteman Bikeway American Society of Pharmacognosy evening through Thursday morning, (http://www.minutemanbikeway.org) will be held in Portland, Maine, July including registration, room and board, toward Lexington Green, and further if 14-18th, 2007. banquets and socials are expected to be time allows. After returning to Arling- The local organizing committee is from about $300 to $325. Each Newell ton Center, we’ll share dinner and looking for ACS members and other Grant will be for $225, paid to the drinks at “Kerry’s Kitchen BBQ Grill”. scientists in the Northeast who study NEACT Summer Conference Regis- What is the connection between natural products willing to assist the trar/Treasurer. bicycling and chemistry? Well, bring committee in planning this event. While preference will be given to YOUR ideas on that, but at least one The American Society of Pharma- teachers who are new to teaching or historical anecdote will be revealed! cognosy (ASP) is an international returning to teaching, the awards are If you don’t have a bike and want association of over 1,000 scientists open to everyone. Applicants need not to ride, it may be possible to arrange whose interests involve one or more be members of the Northeastern Sec- for a loaner bike. If you’d rather skate, aspects of natural products research; tion of the American Chemical Society run or walk the Minuteman is a multi- including the study of the physical, or of NEACT. The application for the use facility - come along and meet up chemical, biochemical, and biological Newell Grants is available on the web- with the group afterwards! properties of drugs, drug substances, or site of the Northeastern Section at The bikeway is also wheelchair potential drugs of natural origin as well http://www.nesacs.org. Applications accessible and wheelchair usable. ◆ as the search for new drugs from natu- for the grants are due by June 3, ral sources. 2005, and the recipients will be noti- If you are interested in participat- fied by June 10, 2005. Please mail ing in the 2007 meeting, please contact your completed application to the University of Massachusetts Lowell planning committee chair Stefan address below. Chemistry Department, Olney Hall Gafner ([email protected]) Dr. Ruth Tanner – Tel.: (978) 934-3662 1 University Avenue at Tom’s of Maine, or Catherine Neto NESACS Education Committee Chair, Lowell, MA 01854 ([email protected]) at UMass-Dart- e-mail: Ruth [email protected] ATTN: Newell Grant Committee ◆ mouth. ◆

4 The Nucleus May 2005 Abstract Monthly Meeting Drug discovery is a complicated, The 861st Meeting of the Northeastern Section of the American highly regulated process that takes, on average fifteen years to convert a Chemical Society promising concept for drug therapy Education Night idea to a marketed drug. Along the Hosted by the Northeastern University Student Affiliates Chapter way, there are numerous obstacles that cause promising drug discovery Thursday, May 12, 2005 approaches to fail to produce a clinical Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA candidate. Even when a candidate enters clinical development, the failure 5:30pm Social Hour, (Ballroom on the Second Floor of Curry Student Center) rate for drug candidates is high. Can- Representatives from Kforce Scientific Staffing Firm Available didates fail in the clinic for many rea- ACS Career Services Materials Provided sons including toxicity (the drug has a poor safety profile), efficacy (the drug 6:00pm Dinner does not work as anticipated), or drug metabolism reasons (drug doesn't get 7:00pm Awards Meeting, Dr. Amy Tapper, NESACS Chair, presiding to the site of action at a high enough Address: The Central Role of Medicianl Chemistry in Cancer Drug concentration for a long enough period Discovery- Dr. Richard Connell, Executive Director of Discovery Oper- of time to demonstrate an effect). ations, Pfizer Cancer research in particular has Presentation of Awards undergone significant changes in the Philip L. Levins Memorial Prize past decade as the field moves increasingly from "black box" approaches to James Flack Norris/Theodore William Richards Awards the pursuit of targeted therapies that Undergraduate Research Fellowships interfere with specific enzyme path- Undergraduate Grants-in-Aid ways. This talk will describe the steps Undergraduate Research Symposium involved with drug discovery process Project SEED Students and describe the role that Chemistry Excellence in Teaching at the Secondary School Level can play to reduce attrition and Induction of new members into Aula Laudis increase the odds of discovering new Avery A. Ashdown Chemistry Examination drugs. The talk will focus on Cancer Simmons College Prize drug discovery and discuss how mod- th ern technologies such as high speed Dinner reservations must be made no later than noon, May 5 . Please call or fax synthesis and structure based drug Marilou Cashman at 800-872-2054 or e-mail at [email protected]. Please design are enabling Medicinal Chemist specify if vegetarian entrée desired. Reservations not cancelled at least 24 hours to design the next generation of effec- in advance must be paid. Members, $28.00; Non-members, $30.00; Retirees, tive, targeted therapies. ◆ $15.00; Students, $10.00 THE PUBLIC IS INVITED Public transportation is strongly suggested. Take the Green Line E train to the Northeastern stop, or the Orange Line to the Ruggles stop. Follow signs to the Biography board room or ballroom from there. Or, take the Orange Line to the Mass Rick Connell was born in Lowell Ave. stop and go up the stairs at the west end of the platform, go through the Massachusetts and received his BS in turnstile and turn right onto the pedestrian overpass. Then make a left at the bot- Chemistry in 1984 from Merrimack tom of the stairs near the Gainsborough Parking Garage. Visit: http://www. College in North Andover Massachu- campusmap.neu.edu for a map of the Northeastern University Campus. setts. He was accepted into the PhD A limited amount of parking will be allotted in the Gainsborough Parking program at the University of Notre Garage. Please contact Marilou Cashman for a parking pass if necessary. Anyone Dame and worked under the direction who needs special services or transportation, please call Marilou Cashman a few of Professor Paul Helquist. During that days in advance so that suitable arrangements can be made. period, he received a John G. Next Meeting: See Summer Issue. Bergquist Fellowship from the Ameri- can Scandinavian Foundation and spent six months at the Royal Institute continued on page 10

The Nucleus May 2005 5 1st Annual Northeastern Action Item Section ACS String Call for Nominations Scramble Golf Tournament Henry A. Hill Award for This event is co-sponsored by the Women Chemists Committee Outstanding Service to the Northeastern Section Date: June 6, 2005 at 12 noon Nominations for the Henry A. Hill Award for Outstanding Service to the Northeastern Section are invited. Nom- Course: Wentworth Hills Golf and Country Club inations should be sent by July 1, 2005 27 Bow St., Plainville, MA to the Administrative Secretary, www.wentworthhillsgolf.com NESACS, Marilou Cashman, 23 Cot- tage St., Natick, MA 01760. A resume of professional activities and descrip- Fee: Prior to May 1, $110 per golfer, $75 for students tion of the nominee’s service to the After May 1, $120 per golfer Northeastern Section should be included. The Award is presented at the Fee covers: Greens fee, Cart, Prizes including longest drive, closest to the pin October meeting of the Section. and first, second and third place, Lunch before golf and a Dinner buffet after golf. Michae J. Dube, Chair, Awards Com- A cash bar will be available before and during dinner. mittee ◆ Visit the NESACS website (http://www.nesacs.org) for more information and the registration form String Scramble Golf Rules This is a best ball scramble. Each Questions? Contact Amy Tapper at [email protected] or golfer will hit his own drive. The team Harry Mandeville at [email protected]. will select the ball they wish to play for their second shot. All golfers will hit All Proceeds from this tournament will go to support NESACS programs the next shot from this location (within one club length, no closer to the hole, no improving the lie) and so on until Reserve an individual golfer or a full foursome. the ball is holed. Putts must be played We will fill partial foursomes from the exact spot of the chosen ball. A single score for the team will be Team leader or individual golfer ______recorded for the hole. This is a string scramble. We will E-mail address______Hdcp ______be selling pieces of string in lengths of 1” ($1), 3” ($2), 6” ($3) and 12” ($5). Golfer 2 ______If you leave a putt within the length of E-mail address______Hdcp ______a piece of string you have purchased, you may count that putt as holed (and Golfer 3 ______thereby save a stroke). The catch: you must buy all of your strings before you E-mail address______Hdcp ______start and a string may only be used Golfer 4 ______once. You are on the honor system (as you should be any way since you are E-mail address______Hdcp ______keeping your own score). We will also be selling “Mole- igans” for $5. Everybody needs an Prior to May 1, $110 per golfer, $75 for students After May 1, $120 per golfer extra shot once in a while. Buy a Please send a check along with this form to Marilou Cashman, Mole-igan (or 2 or 3) and use them 23 Cottage St., Natick, MA 01760 when you really need them. Sorry only one extra shot per Mole-igan per player per 18 holes. ◆

6 The Nucleus May 2005 Medical Medical Chemistry Chemistry Symposium Symposium New Targets for Type 2 Diabetes Speaker Biographies and Organized by the Medicinal Chemistry Group Abstracts of the Northeastern Section, American Chemical Society Norton Peet is the Chief Executive of Thursday - May 19th, 2005 Aurigene DiscoveryTechnologies. Radisson Hotel - 15 Middlesex Canal - Woburn, MA Prior to joining Aurigene, he was Vice President of Discovery Alliances at 3.00 pm Refreshments ArQule, Inc.. Previous to that appoint- 3.15 pm Introductory Remarks ment he was Head of Medicinal Chem- Norton Peet, North Andover, MA istry and Distinguished Scientist at Aventis. Norton serves on several edi- 3.30 pm DPP4 Inibitors for Type 2 Diabetes torial boards and has authored 140 To Be Announced technical articles and books. He holds 4:30 pm Arylcyanoguanidines as Activators of Kir6.2SUR1Katp Channels 65 US Patents, which largely cover and Inhibitors of Insulin Release enzyme inhibitors and receptor ligands John Bondo Hansen, Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark for therapeutic targets in the areas of CNS, cardiovascular, metabolic and 5.30 pm Social Hour respiratory diseases and oncology. 6.30 pm Dinner Dr. Peet will introduce the topic, 7.45 pm PTP-1B Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes give examples and suggest new start- Steve Tam, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA ing points where mechanistic work on natural products has suggested a lead You can register on-line with a credit card at http://mcg.mollyguard.com compound, or where traditional medi- Dinner reservations should be made no later than 12:00 noon on Thursday, cine has defined a potentially good Thursday, April 28, 2005. Please call Marilou Cashman at (800) 872-2054 or drug-like compound. ◆ (508) 653-6329 or respond by e-mail to [email protected]. Reservations not canceled at least 24 hours in advance must be paid. Members, $28.00; Non- members, $30.00; Retirees, $15.00; Students, $10.00. Anyone who needs hand- icapped services/transportation, please call a few days in advance so that suitable arrangements can be made. NESACS Directions to Radisson Hotel Website From Boston – Cambridge – Points North: Take Route I-93 to Route 95/128 West. After 1 mile, take Exit 35 South to Route 38 (Main Street)*. From the West: Take Route 95/128 North to Exit 35 South to Route 38 (Main Redesigned Street)* Thanks to our new webmaster Sathish *After about 500 feet at the traffic light, turn right into Middlesex Canal Rangarajan, the NESACS website has Street to the hotel entrance. been redesigned. For late breaking news, job postings and the latest meet- THE PUBLIC IS INVITED ing and event information please visit us at www.nesacs.org ◆

Have you seen the new NESACS website yet? Updated frequently • Late-breaking news, position postings Back issues of the Nucleus archived in .pdf format WWW.NESACS.org

The Nucleus May 2005 7 Summer Research Scholar The Scope and Limitations of the Reaction of Potassium Hydride with Thiones Sarah J. Fischer and Dr. Edwin G. E. Jahngen University of Massachussetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854

Introduction: proposed by Curphey9. This method were adapted from a literature prepara- Thiones, the sulfur analogues of worked with a good deal of success for tion of benzophenone thione produced ketones, can be used to provide inter- the majority of the compounds, with transient product in our hands. The esting mechanistic insight when com- one notable exception: 9-fluorothione. noticeable green product would form pared to reactions of their ketone Both Curphey’s and other methods that as per literature description, but during counterparts. Due to the added size of Figure 1. the sulfur atom and the presence of electrons in the d-orbitals not all reactions that occur with carbonyl groups proceed in the same manner when replaced with thionyl groups. While sodium and potassium hydride are generally considered to be kinetic bases, i.e. they will preferen- tially enolize1 rather than reduce ketones, there is significant literature evidence that when crown ethers are used in the solvent2,3, these hydrides reduced non-enolizable ketones to form the respective alcohols. In our Table 1. hands, potassium hydride has been Compound Structural Color UV-Vis (nm used to carry out similar reductions in Formula tetrahyrdofuran including the reductions of dicyclopropyl ketone4 and adamantanone5. (Figure 1) Novel ring opening reactions were also found with Adamantane thione Orange 546 tetrasubstituted 1,3-cyclobutane- diones5,6. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of potassium hydride on thiones. A variety of thiones were exam- Diisopropyl thione Brown 474 ined to determine the scope and limita- tion of potassium hydride reactions with thiones. A list of the thiones used in this research, with structural formu- Dicyclopropyl thione Yellow 462 las and other pertinent information, can be found in Table 1. Results and Discussion: Large quantities of the majority of Cyclohexane thione Peach 504 thiones are not available commercially, so for these studies they were prepared using modifications of literature meth- Tetramethyl-3- ods using a combination of Lawess- thione-1- son’s reagent7,8 phosphorous cyclobutanone Magenta 5208 pentasulfide and hydrogen sulfide. The majority of thiones prepared for this research were synthesized using phosphorous pentasulfide with hexamethyl- Benzophenonethione Royal Blue 608 disiloxane in toluene, a method

8 The Nucleus May 2005 propyl thione than with the diisopropyl mation of the disulfide, which would Summer Scholar thione, which may be observed by the account for lack of thiol peaks in the Continued from page 8 slower evolution of hydrogen gas. IR and NMR spectra. The thiol, pre- any attempt to work up the reactions, (Figure 3) pared by a sodium borohydride reduc- the product either reverted back to the tion, is also a white solid, whereas the starting material or formed 9,9’-bi-flu- product was colored. (Figure 4) orene. Attempts to synthesize this compound were eventually abandoned. Several thiones were used for these studies, including diisopropyl thione, dicyclopropyl thione, cyclohexane thione, benzophenone thione, adamantane thione and tetramethyl-3- thione-1-cyclobutanone (Table 1). Figure 4. Their behavior when reacted with potassium hydride is described below. The major product of the thiolation Diisopropyl thione and cyclo- of tetramethyl 1,3-cyclobutanedione hexane thione, when reacted with was tetramethyl-3-thione-1-cyclobu- potassium hydride, both enthiolized Figure 3. tanone. Other work has shown ring quickly with the rapid evolution of The reaction of benzophenone openings to the β-ketoaldehyde, which hydrogen gas. This reaction was with potassium hydride is equally can form the keto acid in solution, accompanied by the almost immediate interesting. Due to the aromatic rings it rather than reductions in the strained decolorization of the solutions. Work is impossible for enolization to occur, cyclobutane diones. When performed up returned a mixture of the enthiol however it does not form the alcohol, with the monothione, similar results and thione, with the enthiol as the either, but rather it forms a dimer with were obtained. It appears from spectral more favored state. a diol, known as a pinnacol. It would evidence that the ring opened to the Adamantane thione, when reacted appear that if an ionic mechanism is enthiol acid, not the thioacid ketone. with potassium hydride reduced to involved, the oxygen accepts the (Figure 5) form the thiol, just as adamantanone hydride leading to a benzylic nucle- reduced to form the alcohol. While ophile that attacks the carbonyl of a there are protons alpha to the thionyl neighboring benzophenone. The reac- moiety due to the cage like structure of tion of the thione with potassium the adamantane group, the protons are hydride also proved to be interesting. at right angles to the p system of the The reaction underwent numerous thione and are therefore, not available color changes from the original royal for enthiolization. As the reaction pro- blue of the thione to a blackish green gressed, the mixture lost its orange to a deep purple. Upon the mixture’s color as the thione reduced to form the addition to water, the solution turned Figure 5. thiolate. brown, but when acidified, the organic phase was teal over a clear water layer. The reaction of dicyclopropyl Conclusion: The product appears to be air sensitive ketone with potassium hydride is inter- The general pattern of the results as the color faded over several hours. esting. While there are protons alpha to for the reaction of thiones with potas- The spectral data does not contain any the carbonyl, at room temperature the sium hydride is that they behave as the thiol peaks, suggesting that the reac- alcohol, not the enolate, is formed, but ketones do. The same steric constraints tion did not form either the thiol or a when the thione is treated with KH, it and orthogonal arrangement of the a dithiol dimer. Due to the nature of sul- forms the enthiolate, which can be hydrogens that prevent adamantanone fur, one possible mechanism is the for- seen immediately due to the evolution from reducing prevent adamantane of hydrogen gas. It is believed that the thione from reducing. Cyclohexane dicyclopropyl ketone does not enolize thione and diisopropyl thione enthi- at room temperature because the alpha olized rapidly, as do their oxygen hydrogens are inaccessible for enola- analogs. Dicyclopropyl thione enethi- tion, due the p character of the sigma olizes where as dicyclopropyl ketone bonds preventing free rotation of the reduces at room temperature. The alpha sigma bonds (Figure 2). tetramethyl-3-thione-1-cyclobutanone, An interesting note about the like the dione, ring opens. thione is that the enthiolation occurs significantly slower with the dicyclo- Figure 2. continued on page 10

The Nucleus May 2005 9 Summer Scholar Biography Continued from page 9 Continued from page 5 Experimental: pounds” Condensations and Reduc- of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden General procedure for the synthesis of tions.” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, where he carried out research in the thiones from ketones: 2647-2649. area of organo-palladium catalysis Approximately 60 mmol of the 3. McConaghy, J. S. Jr., Bloomfield, J. J. under the direction of Professor Björn ketone is combined with 11 mmol “Anomalous Sodium Hydride Reduc- Åkermark. He received his PhD in phosphorous pentasulfide (P4S10) and tion of Norcamphor and 5-Norbornen- 1989 and worked as an NIH postdoc- 100 mmol hexamethyldisiloxane and 2-one” J. Or g. Chem. 1968, 33, toral fellow at Harvard under the direc- dissolved in approximately 60 ml of 3425-3428. tion of Professor E. J. Corey. toluene. This is refluxed between 12 4. Jahngen, Edwin, et al. “Dimerization In 1990, he began his industrial and 24 hours. Usually an intense color of Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid Dian- career at Bayer Pharmaceuticals in (see Table 1) is formed within the first ion and Thermal Decarboxylative West Haven CT. He worked as a 30-90 minutes for reflux. The reaction Rearrangement of the Dimer to 2- medicinal chemist in the field of mixture is then cooled and is neutral- Cyclopropyl-4,5-dihydrofuran”. J. immunology until 1993 when he trans- ized with 12.54 g of dibasic sodium Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 2472-2476. ferred to Wuppertal, Germany to do phosphate in 22 ml of water and 30 ml 5. Jakubowski, Michael J. “Potassium research in the cardiovascular (lipid of acetone. This is allowed to react for Hydride Reactions with Ketones, lowering) division at Bayer’s main 90 –120 minutes before being Thiones, and Tetrasubstituted 1,3- pharmaceutical campus. He returned to extracted with ether, then washed with Cyclobutediones.” Undergraduate the- West Haven in 1995 and subsequently 5% bicarbonate and brine. The mixture sis, University of Massachusetts at was asked to lead the Medicinal Chem- is then dried, before distillation of the Lowell, May, 2002. istry group focused on diabetes and solvent from the product. 6. O’Connor, Roger T. Jr. “Reduction and obesity research. In 1999, Rick General procedure for the reac- Ring Opening Reations of etrasubsti- accepted a position at Pfizer’s Groton tion of thiones with potassium hydride: tuted 1,3 Cyclobutantsiones.” Under- CT campus as the head of cancer Med- A ten-fold excess of potassium graduate thesis, University of icinal Chemistry. He spent a year on hydride in mineral oil was washed with Massachusetts at Lowell, May, 2003. assignment in Sandwich, UK where he hexanes multiple times to remove the 7. Elam, Edward U. and Davis, Herman was asked to head the Medicinal oil. It was then diluted in THF that was E. “Chemistry of Dimethylketene Chemistry group for sexual health and dried over lithium aluminum hydride. Dimer. VII. Dimers of returned to Groton in 2003. Shortly The thione was dissolved in THF and Dimethylketene.” J. Org. Chem. 1967, after his return to Groton, he was pro- added slowly via an addition funnel. 1562-1565. moted to Executive Director of Dis- The reaction was then pipetted into an 8. Varma, Rajender S. and Kumar, Dalip. covery operations at Pfizer’s Groton ice-water solution, extracted with ether “Microwave-Accelerated Solvent Free campus. In this capacity , he has and dried. The solvent was then evapo- Synthesis of Thioketones, Thiolac- responsibility for the delivery of clini- rated and the product tested. tones, Thioamides, Thionoesters and cal candidates from the antibacterial, Acknowledgments: Thioflavonoids.” Org. Lett. 1999, 1, immunology and cancer therapeutic The author would like to thank the 697-700. areas. Northeastern Section of the American 9. Curphey, Thomas J. “Thionation with Rick is an inventor on over 35 Chemical Society for the Norris/ the Reagent Combination of Phospho- patents and patent applications. He is a Richards Grant that helped to fund this rous Rentasulfide and Hexamethyldis- section editor for the journal “Expert research. The author would also like to iloxane.” J. Or g. Chem. 2002. Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” and ◆ thank Roger O’Connor and Scott Self- 6461-6473. serves on the Editorial Advisory Panel rigde for their assistance and help in for the journal “Therapy”. Rick lives in this research. East Lyme, CT with his wife Nancy, and their two children: Ricky (age 14) References: and Kelly (age 13). ◆ 1. Brown, Charles, A. “Facile Reaction of Potassium Hydride with Ketones, Have you looked Rapid Quantitative Formation of at the NEW Potassium Enolates from Ketones via Kaliation.” J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, NESACS website? 1324-1325. 2. Swamer, Frederic W. and Hauser, Charles R. “The Action of Sodium WWW.NESACS.org Hydride on Certain Carbonyl Com-

10 The Nucleus May 2005 Choosing The Water We Drink By Martin Freier

Natural water resources are often Hingham, Mass, specializing in bottled managed under the US EPA will add a either scarce or under severe stress in water. level of security to overall water qual- areas of major urbanized population According to Hidell, municipal ity. regions or emerging economic regions. drinking water and bottled water pro- In bottling plants, chemists first In the developed markets, such as vide for the basic human hydration analyze the water for organic and, inor- Western Europe and the United States, needs required to replace the fluid ganic contaminants, pesticides, herbi- people seem to be less concerned about losses. The US EPA plays a vital role cides, radon, pathogens, chlorides, a drinking water shortage. More than in monitoring the public water sup- fluorides, and normal components likely, they will find themselves at the plies through the state regulatory agen- found commonly in water resources. food stores’ bottled water and beverage cies to assure the required safety and Based on the results, a filtration areas, overwhelmed by a rich and quality of the municipal water process is required, often using a 5- almost limitless variety of beverages resources throughout the United States. micron and 1 micron micro-filter to and bottled water. The challenge is in Because of the large volumes of water remove bacteriological contaminants choosing the brand of bottled water or flowing through the municipal sys- and, sediment particles. A charcoal fil- beverage that would satisfy their need tems, municipal water is often filtered ter is used to remove the chlorine that for health and hydration the most through large sediment trapping filters, is typically added to the municipal effectively. chlorinated, perhaps treated to balance water for eliminating pathogens. If Thanks to the chemists and scien- the pH, and then distributed. necessary, the bottlers use a reverse tists, the water technology industry has However, when it comes to bottled osmosis membrane separation process managed to develop the tools for treat- water, it must also comply with US for removing salts and other minerals. ing water, the synthetic ingredients and FDA requirements. US FDA controls “Sounds to me like municipalities flavors that make the variety of brands the regulatory process for bottled water could do a better job in cleaning up the possible, as well as the plastic contain- through the state regulatory agencies. water, before it is distributed,” I com- ers that make water so widely trans- If a municipal source of water is used mented. portable. As a result, in the United for bottling, then the municipal quality Hidell did not agree with me. States alone, drinking water and bever- continued on page 12 ages now constitute a growing 100 bil- lion dollar market, comprising almost a 1000 brands and employing thousands of workers, chemists, and scientists. To gain some perspective on the transformation of the drinking water industry, I consulted with two experts in the field. Dr. Richard H. Adamson is a consultant to the American Bever- age Association located in Washington DC, whose background and education include chemistry, toxicology, and pharmacology as well extensive experience at NIH and in beverages. Henry R. Hidell III is president of Hidell and Eyster International, a world-known, international consulting firm located in

Martin Freier is a consultant specializing in technical management, technical, and training strategies. He holds a BS in Chemistry from Brooklyn College and an MS degree in Engineering and Manage- ment Science from Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He is a member of the ACS, Northeastern Section.

The Nucleus May 2005 11 Hidell responded, “I think about bottled water industry through its The Water We Drink 60% of the waters used for bottled International Bottling Water Associa- Continued from page 11 water in the United States are of tion (IBWA) has encouraged a multi- municipal origin.” barrier approach. Each of IBWA’s “The municipalities have their hands Some of the bottled water comes member companies agreed to assure full with processing a great deal of from springs derived from under- source protection through ongoing water quantity, of which only about ground formations that allow water to source monitoring as well as monitor- 1% is used in the households,” he said. flow naturally to the surface of the ing of all water treatment and manu- “And there, most of the water is used earth. Spring water may also be col- facturing procedures. for the toilet, washing, and bathing, not lected through a borehole tapping into The multi-barrier approach in direct human consumption.” the underground aquifer that directly requires continuous monitoring and In fact, water quality problems are feeds the spring. Spring waters often inspection of the water source. If a nat- more than likely attributable to the provide bottled water the unique flavor ural water source, such as a spring, is water distribution system, which may reflecting the natural mineral environ- used, an environmental inspection of be old, neglected, and pretty much out ment of the aquifer. the spring water recharge area is com- of control of the municipal processing In some instances, there may be pleted which should identify any possi- center. Now we are talking about natural carbon dioxide in the spring ble sources of contamination of the faucets in the homes, the offices, and waters, giving it a natural efferves- spring and its aquifer. With the US factories. In poorly maintained distri- cence. In other instances, there may be FDA and Homeland Security’s greater bution systems, the water could be pol- some unique mineral(s) dissolved in vigilance, monitoring of quality is now luted with excessive lead, radon, the water which may be considered getting more intense. A great deal of pathogens, and other contamination. natural mineral waters under the US emphasis is placed on monitoring the Not surprisingly, several major FDA standard of identity. In addition, sources to make sure they remain sta- municipal supply mishaps have been some water comes from artesian wells ble. In the manufacturing process the reported. An incident that made the that tap a confined aquifer in which the bottlers use inspection systems to 1993 headlines happened in Milwau- water level stands at a height above the assure quality standards as part of a kee, where 400,000 residents became level of the aquifer’s confined water continuous monitoring system. ill with flu-like symptoms attributed to table, and then there is well water, Nevertheless, my concern as I was cryptosporidium, a microscopic para- which taps the water aquifer which is writing this was that there is a lack of site found in the feces of infected not confined. US FDA oversight of the final bottled humans and animals. Some of the Consumers know what brands and water product quality. I felt that there feces in the surface water apparently what type of waters they prefer. For is too much reliance on the companies entered the municipal water system them, taste is almost as major a factor themselves. and could not be filtered out or ade- as their concern about the effects on Hidell assured me that is not the quately treated with chlorine. health. Scientists estimate that there case. “The US FDA established Good Since a typical bottled water facil- are tens of thousands of taste buds on a Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and ity will process only 45,000 to 100,000 human tongue, with each taste bud standards of identity and quality for gallons per day and that water is connected to the brain by a nerve. The bottled water,” Hidell said, “Such reg- specifically designated as bottled taste buds sense four basic stimulants ulations require that a company “drinking” or natural “spring” water, from various locations of the tongue. employ good manufacturing processes the bottlers can better micro-manage Saltiness and sweetness buds are which are monitored for quality using the process than can most municipali- located at the tip of the tongue,. Sour- process inspections and monitoring ties. They can employ advanced water ness on its outer edge and bitterness systems. If the bottler is a member of treatment technology, such as micro- on its rear surface. In addition, aiding the IBWA, then such bottler must also filtration, ultra-violet radiation and the tongue are two nerves in the upper submit to a third party certified inde- ozone, thus assuring the final water passage of the nose. Those senses pendent, unannounced inspection pro- quality. Bottlers employ chemists, biol- enable us to detect any differences in gram. The US FDA also requires that ogists, or other quality control staff, to quality or uniqueness. the labels on the products under their assure that the consumer gets the best With the big players, like Coca aegis must not make fraudulent claims possible product in accordance with Cola and Pepsi Cola, now in the bot- and are required to identify what kind US FDA and IBWA bottled water stan- tled water market competition is get- of water is used (spring, municipal, dards. ting fiercer for the consumers’ dollars. natural mineral, artesian or well water Interestingly, all bottled water is Such brands as Poland Springs, Aqua- for example).” not derived from municipal water. “I fina, Evian, Perrier are financially the “In your opinion, what other fac- have heard some estimates range from best performers. tors, besides quality and health, play a less than 50% of all bottled water used. According to Hidell, to assure major role in bottled water industry’s What is your estimate?” I asked. water quality among its members, the Continued on page 13

12 The Nucleus May 2005 The Coca Cola story started in orange and lemon-lime often contain The Water We Drink 1886 when John S. Pemberton of natural fruit extracts. Other flavors such Continued from page 12 Columbus, Georgia trademarked the as root beer and ginger ale contain fla- Coca Cola syrup as a patent medicine. vorings made from herbs and spices. explosive growth?” I asked. This syrup was derived from the cola “Just curious, how much sugar is “I think consumers just like the nut, native to West Africa; it was added in the composition of a typical bever- ‘water on the go’ convenience derived to carbonated water to make the Coca age?” I asked. from the plastic containers used. You Cola drink. The cola nut is a rough, Dr. Adamson replied, “Depends can take a bottle of water wherever mottled skinned fruit up to 8” long, on the type of the beverage brand and you go without any hassle. If you need containing thin white flesh and large, whether or not it is a diet beverage or a more you can pick it up anywhere.” flat, bright red seeds which are chewed non-diet beverage. Sweeteners consti- When it comes to hydration, many for their stimulatory effects. What tute about 7 to 14% of the beverage. consumers prefer the flavors they find beverage drinkers may not be aware of Typically, in the United States, about in the wide selection offered to them in is that today’s cola beverages no longer 90% is water. The sweeteners are now beverages. After all, the primary use the cola nut in their formulations. primarily made from corn. They have ingredient in beverages is municipal They rely on the proprietary flavors either HFCS-55, a high fructose corn processed water. Therefore, I was won- and a mixture of ingredients concocted syrup – 55% of which is fructose, the dering what the difference is in the by chemists. rest is either mainly glucose, or HFCS- quality standards between the bottled In fact, as far as ingredients are 42, which is 42% fructose and the rest water and soft drinks, so I asked Dr. concerned the two cola-based drinks in is mainly glucose or sucrose. Fructose Adamson about it. general, may have most of the same itself is not a problem even for diabet- “Both use the same type of water chemical ingredients. Both,Pepsi and ics.” and must meet US EPA/FDA require- Coca Cola contain carbonated water, As for calories, an 8-ounce con- ments,” Dr. Adamson said. “In most high fructose corn syrup and/or tainer of Pepsi has 100 kilocalories of cases, the difference between soft sucrose, caramel color, phosphoric energy (equivalent to a glass of orange drinks and bottled water are the flavors acid, caffeine, citric acid and natural juice) while the Coke has 94 calories. and the sweeteners chemists devel- flavors. As a result of research and That is typically an average range of oped, the carbon dioxide, and other development, the flavors and different kilocalories for each beverage. ingredients that get added to the combinations of the ingredients that What about the diet beverages? processed municipal water.” flavor chemists employ, account for “There are no calories in those This is one area where the flavor the differences between the two major types of beverages,” Dr. Adamson chemists make the dif ference in brands. When, in 1985, Coca Cola responded. “The diet drinks use artifi- whether or not a specific brand does decided to change its formulation cial sweeteners developed by chemists well in the market place. In general, under a new brand name, to make it instead of the HFCS or sucrose. And bottled water does not require the taste like the Pepsi (because double 99% of the beverage is water . So added flavors, sweeteners, and , ingre- blind taste tests showed consumer whether or not the consumer drinks a dients, or carbon dioxide. In the more preference for Pepsi), the consumers caloric beverage is now a matter of unique brands of bottled water, there is became so incensed that it affected choice.” a greater reliance on the distinct Coca Cola’s business in a major way. Aspartame, neotame, saccharin, processed waters used, rather than the A few months later, the consumers sucralose, and acesulfame K are all processed municipal water. And now influenced the Coca Cola Company approved by the FDA for use as sweet- even, some of the bottled waters more to bring back the old Coca Cola formu- ners in soft drinks. By choosing from a aggressively market flavored bottled lation under a new label called “Coca variety of different sweeteners, manu- water, but without the sweeteners. Cola Classic.” The Coca Cola Classic facturers can blend sweeteners to Since there are no calories, nor any regained its first place status while the match beverage formulations and bet- other additives, other than a touch of new formulation called “New Coca ter appeal to consumer tastes. lemon or orange, people who are con- Cola” has all but disappeared from the Acesulfame is a calorie free, heat scious of weight, are choosing fla- market place. stable sweetener that is 200 times vored, bottled water. In the manufacturing process, sweeter than sugar. Aspartame is a When I looked at the American each of the beverages start with a dis- “nutritive” sweetener, meaning it is Beverage Association’s website I tinct flavored syrup, which is a mix of easily digested and provides calories. counted about 26 different cola drinks individual flavors designed to a create However, its sweetening power is so (and I am sure there are more). Of all a distinctive taste. The actual recipe is great that only a tiny amount is needed the cola beverages, two of them domi- typically a closely guarded secret. to sweeten a soft drink and it adds less nate the market. Coca Cola is still the Natural flavors in soft drinks come than one calorie per 12-ounce can. world’s most popular beverage fol- from spices, natural extracts and oils. Neotame, the sweetest of the low- and lowed by Pepsi Cola. Fruit-flavored soft drinks such as continued on page 14

The Nucleus May 2005 13 The Water We Drink Continued from page 13 NESACS no-calorie options available, is 30-40 sold to the beverage makers. times sweeter than aspartame and Since a large amount of caffeine Election 7,000-13,000 times sweeter than sugar. may keep some people awake, I was Neotame delivers comparable sweet- wondering how much of caffeine is in Election of Candidates ness to sucrose in various applications. the cola beverages and whether or not Saccharin is about 300 times they should be removed from the for- In the interest of providing maximum sweeter than sugar and contributes no mulations. information and expression of opinion calories. It is stable in foods and is Some of the beverages have about by the candidates for election in 2005, metabolically inert, which means that 1/6 of what coffees have. A list of the the Nominating Committee has pre- it goes through the body without beverages and their caffeine content is pared this section of the NUCLEUS changing. However, in the late 1970s, posted in the American Beverage for mailing concurrently with the bal- the FDA required special labels on all Association website. Caffeine has not lots. All candidates were asked to sub- products containing saccharin. Some been shown to be a problem, if used in mit biographical material and, with the of the test results on animals caused a moderation. The consumer can always exception of committee member nomi- false alarm. Now days, saccharin is reduce his intake of cola-type of drinks nees, position statements. To attain generally accepted as safe by academic by substituting beverages that do not uniformity of format, the biographical scientists, the federal government’s contain caffeine. data have been rearranged, and, where National Toxicology Program and vari- In the manufacture of beverages, the text exceeded the allotted space, ous international health organizations. the syrup or concentrate is mixed with Sucralose is a low calorie, high- the processed water and then carbon- abbreviated. The statements have been intensity sweetener that is about 600 ated by adding carbon dioxide gas reproduced without change. An official times sweeter than sugar. It is sold under pressure (in high-pressure cylin- ballot, along with a ballot envelope under the brand name of “Splenda.” ders). This carbonation creates the and return envelope have been pro- Sucralose and sucrose (sugar) have “tingly fizz” that gives soft drinks a vided. The election and balloting are been shown to have similar taste and refreshing taste. Carbon dioxide gas is being carried out in conformance with flavor profiles. absorbed into the flavored soft drink in Article VIII of the Constitution of the Because nature does not produce a carbonator machine just before the Northeastern Section. The order of enough of some flavors to satisfy container is sealed. While under pres- candidates for each office on the ballot world demand, chemists also create sure and chilled, the soft drink may will be determined by lot. Comments artificial or man-made unique flavors. absorb up to four times the beverage regarding the election may be These flavors are enhanced by colors volume of carbon dioxide. addressed to the Nominating Commit- that are added to affect our psychologi- “What about the so-called “sports tee Chair, Dr. Jean Fuller-Stanley cal impression of the beverages. The drinks” and the energy-boosting bever- (address on p.3). colors used come from both natural ages? How different are those bever- and synthetic sources. ages from all the others?” I asked. The ballot must be received by May “What about caffeine? How come Dr Adamson replied, “For the 31, 2005. ◆ they are in some beverages?” I asked. most part, sports drinks have less Dr. Adamson replied, “Caffeine sweeteners and less calories. In addi- has a classic bitter taste that enhances tion, they contain electrolytes, includ- other flavors. It may also reduce some ing sodium and potassium salts. potential “off flavors.” It has been part Athletes may need this type of bever- the “water on go” approach and the of almost every cola- and pepper-type age more than people with less intense recycling of containers demonstrate beverage since they were first formu- activity. “ how potentially polluting resources can lated more than 100 years ago. Today Despite the relative scarcity of the be re-used. What is equally com- some other beverages, besides the drinkable water resources, this century mendable is how the food chemists colas, use caffeine in their formulation. has experienced a revolution in the have been able to develop a synthetic Mountain Dew comes to mind.” bottled water and beverage industry. A sugar substitute that virtually elimi- Caffeine occurs naturally in coffee great deal of the credit for this revolu- nates or reduces carbohydrate intake beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cacao tion belongs to the chemists who intro- and how the flavor chemists keep beans. Now that the cola nuts are no duced the analytical tools to identify developing those exotic flavors that longer used in the beverage formula- water contaminants in the drinking constantly attract new consumers. tions, caffeine is still added for flavor- water, the different separation and san- There is a lesson here on how the ing. Caffeine is derived primarily from itation techniques to remove them and chemists can develop other scarce the coffee decaffeinating process and thus make water drinkable. However, resources synthetically. ◆

14 The Nucleus May 2005 ference on the Chemistry of Natural Products, Chicago, 1996; Chair, Scien- NESACS Election tific Programs Comm., on Advisory Election of Candidates 2005 Board for Organic Process Research and Development, Chimica Oggi; Chair-Elect (1999 to present); Department of Member, Committees on Advanced Career Services Consultant (2000 to Professional Thinking, International Mukund S. Chorghade, Ph. D. present); Member, International Activi- Activities and Technology, American ties Committee (2003-present). Institute of Chemists. Reviewer of NESACS Service: Board of manuscripts for numerous leading pro- Directors (1997-), Public Services fessional journals. Awarded “Diamond Committee, Chair; Professional Ser- Jubilee Fellowship”, Univ. Dept. of vices Committee, member and chair Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India; (2005-); Public Affairs Committee; Awarded “B.D. Tilak Distinguished Public Relations Committee, Interim Visiting Fellowship”, University of Editor The Nucleus (2004). Bombay, India. Awarded “Bharat Memberships, Honors: Maha- Gourav” Award, Government of India. rashtra Academy of Sciences (Elected “Alkyl Amines Padma Bhushan Prof. Fellow); Andhra Pradesh Academy of B.D. Tilak Chemcon 2002 Distin- Education: B.Sc. 1971; M. Sc. st Sciences (Elected Fellow) IUPAC; guished Speaker Award” of the Inter- 1973 (1 Class Honors) University of Royal Society of Chemistry (Elected national Institute of Chemical Poona, India; Ph.D. (Organic Chem- Fellow); New York Academy of Sci- Engineers, Listed in American Men istry), 1982, Georgetown University. ences; American Institute of Chemists and Women of Science, Who’s Who in Professional Experience: (Elected Fellow); AAAS; Sigma Xi; Science and Engineering. Actively Research Fellow, National Chemical Indian Society of Bio-Or ganic involved with Indian Cultural Coordi- Laboratory (1973-74); Instructor, Chemists; IUPAC Commission on nation Committee, Washington, D. C. Georgetown University (1981-82); Biotechnology, Medicinal Chemistry, Leadership roles in several community Postdoctoral Research Assoc., Univer- New Technologies and Special Topics, groups. Invited speaker at numerous sity of Virginia (1982-84); Postdoctoral Titular member, Division of Chemistry international conferences. Research Fellow, Harvard University th and Human Health; 20 IUPAC Con- Continued on page 16 (1984-85); Senior Research Chemist (1985-89); Project Leader (1989-90), Dow Chemical Co.; Research Scien- tist/Assistant Director, College de GATEWAY CHEMICAL France, Paris and Universite Louis TECHNOLOGY Pasteur (1990-91); Project Manager, Abbott Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research (1991-95); Senior Director, CUSTOM SYNTHESIS Chemical Sciences Research & Devel- • Pharmaceuticals opment, CytoMed, Inc. (1997-98); • Agrichemicals President, CP Consulting, Chorghade • Combinatorial Platforms Enterprises (1995 to present); Visiting • Competitor's Products Scholar University of British Colum- • Intermediates bia, University of Chicago, Northwest- • Analytical Standards ern University and others; Vice • Metabolites President, Pharmaceutical Develop- ment Sciences, Geltex Pharmaceuticals PROCESS DEVELOPMENT / Genzyme, (2000 to 2003); President • Process Evaluation and Chief Scientific Officer, Pharma- • New Route Development ceutical Sciences Division, D & P Pharmachem (2003-present). SPECTROSCOPIC SERVICES ACS Service: Member since • LCMS (APCI and API-ES) 1982. Chairman, Brazosport Section • NMR (300 MHz) (1990); Organic Division, member; • GCMS (EI) Chairman, Symposium on Industrial 11810 Borman Dr • Saint Louis, Missouri 63146 Chem., Great Lakes Regional Meeting, 314.220.2691 (office) • 314.991.2834 (fax) May, 1997; Visiting Speakers Program www.gatewaychemical.com • [email protected]

The Nucleus May 2005 15 Statement: It is a singular honor emphasis will be placed on attracting and privilege to have been nominated chemists in the biotechnology / bio- Secretary to the position of Chair-Elect for the pharmaceutical industries (7) Increase Northeastern Section. The breadth, participation of the section in the inter- Michael Singer depth and sophistication of the talent national activities of the ACS. Education: B.S., State University of and creativity of the individuals in the New York at Stony Brook (1986); section are truly outstanding. We have M.S., Brandeis University (1988); eminent researchers representing the Ph.D., Brandeis University (1993). strategic triad of academia, govern- Trustee Professional Experience: Post- ment and industry from all sub disci- Doctoral Research Associate, Organix plines of chemistry. Michael E. Strem Inc. 1991-1994; Senior Scientist, It will be my endeavor to (1) Fos- Education: A.B., Brown Univ. ArQule Inc. 1994-1996; Group Leader, ter greater interactions between the (1958); M.S. (1961); Ph.D., Univ. of Automated Combinatorial Synthesis, ACS and the other professional bodies Pittsburgh (1964). ArQule Inc. 1996-2001; Group Leader, catering to the cause of chemistry - Professional Experience: Strem Drug Discovery Research and Devel- The American Institute of Chemists Chemicals, Inc., President (1964-pres- opement, Sigma-Aldrich, 2001- pres- and the International Union of Pure ent). ent. and Applied Chemistry come readily to ACS Service: Member, Bd. of NESACS Service: Secretary- mind. A one-day joint meeting featur- Directors elected from Region I (1998- NESACS 1998-present; Councilor- ing several prominent scientists can be 2000); Comm. on Committees (1993- NESACS 1996-2001, 2005-present; envisioned. This could provide a useful 97); Society Comm. on Budget and Alternate Councilor – NESACS 2003- forum for productive exchange of Finance (Associate, 1994-present); 2004; Board of Directors NESACS ideas. (2) Participate in the speakers Division of Small Businesses, Coun- 1993-present; Medicinal Chemistry bureau to provide guest lectures to cilor (1986-96), Chairman (1982-83, Group (MCG) 1991-present; MCG schools, universities and civic and 1985); Comm. on International Activi- Treasurer (1992-1993; Program Chair community groups. The topics can ties (1998-present). (1994); Chair (1995-1996). encompass issues of topical interest, NESACS Service: Chairman-Elect ACS Service: ACS Joint Board- e.g., chemical safety, environmental (1988); Chairman (1989); Bd. of Publi- Council Committee on Chemical and the contributions made by cations, Chairman (1991, 1994); Chair- Abstracts Service - Associate member chemists/chemistry to the benefit of man, Nominating Committee 2004; Member 2005-2007 society at large. (3) Expand the activi- (1990-92); Northeast Regional Meet- Statement: The traditional role of ties of the Professional Training/Edu- ing, Exhibits Chairman (1993), Trustee Secretary has been one of limited visi- cation committee. Regular workshops (1997-present). bility. This was to take the minutes of will be used to educate students at Memberships, Honors: Member, the monthly meeting of the Board of local colleges/universities about the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, Gesellschaft Directors and to report back to the diverse opportunities in chemistry, cur- Deutscher Chemiker, Societé Francaise Board of Directors. During my tenure rent trends in globalization, resume de Chimie; Materials Research Soc., as Secretary for the NESACS, I have writing, interviewing skills/techniques Henry A. Hill Award for Distinguished been able to increase the visibility of and related topics. Such workshops Service to the Northeastern Section the Section Secretary and increase the will also benefit mid career and (1995). efficiency of the position of Secretary. chemists undergoing a career transi- Statement: Many years of experi- The biggest improvement is in com- tion. (4) Organize a symposium on the ence have taught me much about the munication by utilizing both E-mail progress of a drug from conception to finances of the Northeastern Section. I and the section website commercialization. This will build a am aware of the fiscal attitudes preva- (www.nesacs.org). As our website con- much-needed bridge between the lent within our membership and will tinues to undergo its upgrade I intend medicinal and process chemistry act accordingly if you elect me as to continue to work with the NESACS groups and is expected to attract sev- Trustee. I promise also to work Webmaster to make the minutes of the eral scientists in the area. (5) Or ganize actively with the officers and board NESACS Board of Directors available a few lunch time lectures to attract members in fiscal matters to support immediately after their approval by the researchers who, because of their busy them in reaching the goals they have Board. This empowers our member- schedules, are not able to attend the set for the Section. I feel that being ship to be aware of the current issues evening lectures. (6) Increase partici- president of a corporation over the facing our section. pation of members in the section activ- whole of my career has provided me I have also instituted a process to ities and increase the membership of with the skills to manage the Section’s collect and distribute written reports the ACS and the section. This will also funds properly, and I look forward to prior to the NESACS Board meetings. allow greater opportunities for net- your support. This enables our section committee working among chemists. Greater chairs to submit a written report

16 The Nucleus May 2005 instead of an oral report at the monthly ent); Visiting Professor of Chemistry, Nu Book Award, 2003. meetings. This improves the efficiency University of Konstanz, Germany Consultant: Aerodyne Research, of the monthly meetings by allowing (1975-76); Visiting Scientist, McLean Inc., Billerica, MA; Research Affiliate the committee chairs to provide a more Hospital, Harvard Medical School MIT detailed report than can be given orally (1985-86); Scientific Director, Chair- Research Interest As part of his and permits more time for discussion man and co-founder, Research Bio- Ph. D. theses, Paul Davidovits devel- during the monthly meetings. This also chemicals International (1980-96); oped the optically pumped rubidium permits more accurate documentation Director, Medicinal Chemistry Pro- maser which was used world-wide in and the creation of a permanent record gram, McLean Hospital, Alcohol and several laboratories. While on the fac- (archive) for future use by NESACS Drug Abuse Research Center, Harvard ulty at Yale University, he and his stu- members. Medical School (1996-present); Visit- dents measured UV optical absorption As with any volunteer organization, ing Professor, University of Gronin- cross sections for the alkali halide the organization is only as strong as the gen, Holland (1997). vapors and developed an experimental membership and those volunteer mem- ACS Service: Division of Medici- technique which provided first accu- bers that actively participate in the nal Chemistry, Councilor, Executive rate systematic measurements of cross planning and execution of the various Comm. (1971-81); Vice Chairman sections for the reactions of alkali events. The strength of the NESACS (1981); Chairman (1982); Councilor atoms with halogen molecules in the lies in its membership. For the mem- (1983-87); ACS Board of Publications gas phase. This work led to substantia- bership to be strong, communications (1990-93). tion of Michael Polanyi’s electron is critical. With your support for NESACS Service: Founder and jump theory of chemical reaction another term as Secretary for the Chair, Medicinal Chemistry Group (1932). Also at Yale, Davidovits, NESACS I will strive to increase the (1964-65); Member, Board of Publica- jointly with David Egger, developed flow of communication between all tions, The Nucleus (1976-78, 1985-87), the first operational confocal scanning facets of our section membership. Chair (1977, 1987); Councilor (1988- laser microscope and presented the 95); Trustee (1989-93); Alternate basic theories applicable to technique. Councilor (1995-2001); Chair-Elect He is a co-inventor of an isotope sepa- (2002); Chair (2003); Immediate Past- ration technique using seeded beams. Esselen Award Committee Chair (2004). On joining Boston College, Davidovits concluded his studies of gas phase Joseph A. Lima kinetics with the first systematic exper- Education: B.S. New Bedford iments exploring the reactivity of gas Institute of Technology (1962); MBA, Richards Medal Committee phase boron. Babson College (1975). At Boston College, Davidovits Current Career Position: Vice Paul Davidovits invented techniques involving first, President Technical and Operations for Education: B.S., Columbia Univer- entrained monodisperse droplets and, Houghton Chemical Corporation, All- sity (1960); M.S., Columbia University subsequently, entrained bubbles to ston, MA. (1961); PhD., Columbia University study gas-liquid interactions. For the ACS Service: I have been a mem- (1964). past 15 years in collaboration with a ber since student affiliate days. My Professional Society Membership: research group at Aerodyne Research major involvement has been with the American Physical Society, Sigma Xi, Inc., he and his graduate students have Board of Publications for The Nucleus American Chemical Society, AAAS. used these techniques to study gas-liq- and currently as an NESACS Trustee. Professional Experience: Boston uid interaction for more than 30 gas Additionally, I have served on a num- College - Chairman of the Department, phase species. The results of these ber of ad hoc committees. 1994 – 1998; Boston College - Profes- studies provided basic information sor of Chemistry, 1974 – present; Yale about the physical chemistry of gas- John L. Neumeyer University - Associate Professor of liquid interactions at the interface, Education: B.S., Columbia Univer- Applied Science, 1970 – 1974; Yale including an understanding of how gas sity (1952); Ph.D. in Medicinal Chem- University - Assistant Professor of molecules enter liquids and how they istry, University of Wisconsin (1961). Applied Science, 1965 – 1970; Colum- react at the gas liquid interface. This Professional Experience: Research bia University - Res. Assoc. in Physics work has also provided key parameters Chemist, Ethicon Inc. (Div. of Johnson and Lecturer in Engineering, 1964 – needed to understand the role of cloud & Johnson) (1952-57); Sr. Research 1965. and aerosol chemistry in atmospheric Chemist, FMC Corp. (1961-63); Staff Honors: Fellow of the American processes such as acid rain formation, Scientist, Arthur D. Little, Inc. (1963- Physical Society; R.W. Wood Prize for dry acid deposition and ozone deple- 69); Professor of Medicinal Chemistry confocal microscopy, O.S.A. 2000; tion. Davidovits and his collaborators and Chemistry, Northeastern Univer- Boston College Distinguished Senior are now developing a novel aerosol sity (1969-91), Emeritus (1991-pres- Research Award, 2001; Alpha Sigma mass spectrometer for field and labora-

The Nucleus May 2005 17 tory aerosol studies. Thomas D. Cabot Professor (1982- was chairman of its Division of Chem- Davidovits has authored or co- present); Harvard University Professor ical Physics. His inventions of energy- authored over 100 scientific publica- (1969-1982); Harvard University conserving window coatings are tions, has written two textbooks, and Assistant Professor (1966-1969); Har- featured in the permanent exhibit of has co-edited a text on the alkali-halide vard University Junior Fellow (1964- the Corning Museum of Glass. vapors. He holds three patents. He is a 1966). fellow of the American Physical Soci- Professor Gordon has held distin- Gregory L. Verdine ety and together with R. Minsky and guished visiting professorships in theo- (Information not received) D. Egger a recipient of the Year 2000 retical chemistry at Berkeley (1969), R.W. Wood Prize “for seminal contri- Wisconsin (1970), Yale (1973), Oxford butions to confocal microscopy”. In (1976) and Paris (1980). He has 2001 he received the Boston College received a Sloan Foundation Fellow- Distinguished Senior Research Award, ship, the American Chemical Society’s Director-at-Large and in 2003 the Alpha Sigma Nu Award in Pure Chemistry for 1972, its Henry Brown, M.D. Annual Book Award. Baekeland Award for 1979, its Esselen Education: AB University of Award for 1996, the Bourke Award of Michigan; MD University of Pennsyl- Roy G. Gordon the Faraday Society, and Israel’s Ein- vania; Runyon Cancer Research Fel- Professional Preparation: Harvard stein Fellowship for 1984. He won an low in Biochemistry with Dr. Frederick College, Chemistry and Physics - AB R & D 100 Award in 1991. He was Sanger at the Sir William Dunn Insti- summa cum laude, 1961; Harvard Uni- associate editor of the Journal of tute of Biochemistry, University of versity, Physics - AM, 1962; Harvard Chemical Physics and of Chemical Cambridge, England. University, Chemical Physics – PhD, Physics Letters. He was elected to the Surgical Training: University of 1964; University of Toronto, Canada, National Academy of Sciences in Pennsylvania and University of Wis- Molecular Spectroscopy (1964-1965); 1975, the American Academy of Arts consin. University of Brussels, Belgium, Sta- and Sciences in 1976, the European Present positions: Division of Plas- tistical Mechanics (1965-1966). Academy of Arts, Sciences and tic and Reconstructive Sur gery, Appointments: Harvard University, Humanities in 1984, and is a fellow of Brigham and Women’s hospital, Chairman, Department of Chemistry the American Chemical Society and Boston, MA; Faculty Member and (1992-1995); Harvard University the American Physical Society, and Teacher in Harvard Medical School. Visiting Professorships: Keio Uni- versity, Tokyo Japan; University of Kentucky; University of British Columbia, Canada and others on most continents. Surgeon: Ganta, Liberia in sum- mers of 1969, 1971, 1973 and 1975 doing reconstructive surgery for Lep- rosy (Hansen’s Disease) Patients. Publications: 90 Peer reviewed publications, also Book Chapters; Books: “Hepatic Failure;. “Interme- diary Metabolism of the Liver”; “Pro- tein Nutrition”. Service in Armed Forces: US Naval Medical Corps and Fleet Marine Force, three and one half years. Statement: It is very important for Industry and Academia to work together since each has much to contribute to the other. To improve and increase this relationship will be one of my goals as a Director at Large. In addition things are done both in industry and Academia that are not always in harmony with each other . It is important to maintain a dialogue between the two partners to amicably

18 The Nucleus May 2005 resolve these differences. This dia- of the Student Awards Program and the Senior Manager of Science and Tech- logue will be another one of my goals. Henry Hill Award. nology 2001 - Present. ACS activities: As Hospitality NESACS Service: Alternate Coun- Ernest V. Groman Chairman I participated in the follow- cilor (1997-2000), Nucleus Editor Education: B.S., Mathematics, Uni- ing programs both local and national: (January 2005-Present). NESACS versity of North Carolina-CH, 1962; NERM 1978 (Boston), NEACS Board (1997-2000, 2005 - Present) Ph.D., Biochemistry, University of National Meetings 1990, 1998, 2002; Statement: I would appreciate California, Berkeley, 1973; Post-grad- ACS POPS Programs and Sum- being able to serve NESACS and the uate studies at Massachusetts General merthing. Member of the Professional ACS as a councilor or alternate coun- Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Relations Group and Liaison to the cilor. This would allow me to both fur- Professional Experience: (Current Women’s Committee, Local Sections ther my service to NESACS and allow position) Principal and Vice President Committee and member of the Eco- me to strengthen The Nucleus by of Development, BioPhysics Assay nomic Professional Affairs Committee. expanding my knowledge, contacts Laboratory; Group Leader and Section Currently I am the Hospitality Chair of and influence. Manager, Clinical Assays; Co-founder the Northeastern Section. I received and Vice President of Research, the Henry Hill Award in 1997 for serv- Patrick M. Gordon Advanced Magnetics. ice to the NESACS. Education: Ph.D., University of NESACS Activities: Medicinal Statement: I have been active in Manitoba, Canada (1987); M.Sc., Uni- Chemistry Group representative to the local and national ACS affairs and will versity of New South Wales, Australia Board of Directors; Director-at-Large. continue to encourage participation of (1982); B.Sc. University of Guyana Statement: My name is Ernest Gro- members, especially new and younger (1977). man. I received my BS in mathematics members to become involved in all Professional Experience: Post from the University of North Carolina- these programs. I will be proud to con- Doctoral Associate, Kansas State Uni- CH in 1962 and my PhD in Biochem- tinue to represent our Section as Coun- versity, (1987-1988); Organix Inc., istry from the University of cilor of the Northeastern Section ACS, Woburn, MA (1988-1991); Senior Sci- California-Berkeley in 1973. I pursued and ask for your continued support. I entist, Polaroid Corporation (1991- postgraduate studies in the laboratory hope that you will vote for me as your 2001); Principal Investigator, ArQule of Dr. Lewis Engel at Massachusetts councilor. Inc., Woburn, MA (2001-2002); Poly- General Hospital and Harvard Medical mer Laboratories; Technical Sales Rep. School. I have worked at Clinical Mukund S. Chorghade, Ph. D. (2003-2004); Emmanuel College, Assays as a Group Leader and Section (For the biographical information, Instructor (Spring 2005). Manager, at Advanced Magnetics see above under Chair – Elect) ACS Service: Alternate Councilor where I was a co-founder and vice Statement: It is a singular honor (1994-1996, 1997-1999, 2000-2001). president of research, and at Bio- and privilege to have been nominated NESACS Service: NERM Chair of Physics Assay Laboratory where I am to the position of Councilor / Alternate the Symposium on Cannabinoids, a Principal and vice president of devel- Councilor for the Northeastern Sec- (1989); Centennial Committee Co- opment. I have served our local section tion. Chair (1998); Member, Board of Publi- as a Director at Large and have stood It will be my endeavor to ef fectively cations 1999 to present; Secretary, for Chair of the section. I am honest, represent the Northeastern section Board of Publications, 2001; Chair, hard working, and no stranger to suf- effectively in the National Council. Board of Publications, 2002; Chair, fering. I ask for your vote. Thank you. The issues confronting the Chemical Board of Publications, 2004. Enterprise in the USA and the ACS are Statement: It has been a privilege to complex and demand creative solu- serve the Northeastern Section of the tions. I will spare no effort in ensuring ACS in the above capacities; it cer- Councilor / that the voice of our electorate is heard tainly would be a continued honor to Alternate Councilor and that the council determines effec- serve as Councilor of the Section and I Mary T. Burgess tive policies for all our members. thank you for your support. Education: Simmons College - B.S. Chemistry. Michael Filosa Morton Z. Hoffman NESACS Service: I have been Education: B.S., Massachusetts Professor of Chemistry, Boston Uni- active in NEACS business during my Institute of Technology (1974); Ph.D., versity, Boston, MA 02215 entire career in Chemistry, while work- Harvard University (1979); Babson Education: A.B., City University of ing in academia, industry, and govern- School of Executive Education (1988). New York–Hunter College (1955); ment. I have been a member of Professional Experience: Polaroid M.S., University of Michigan (1957); Educational and Professional Rela- Corporation, Scientist 1979-1988; Ph.D., University of Michigan (1960). tions, involved with the development Research Group Leader 1988-2001, Positions: Postdoctoral Research

The Nucleus May 2005 19 Associate, Sheffield University, Eng- Chemistry Council (2002); The John Chair (2005), Immediate Past Chair land (1960–61); Boston University: A. Timm Award for the Furtherance of (2006), Division of Chemical Educa- Assistant Professor through Professor the Study of Chemistry, New England tion. (1961–present); Visiting Scientist, U.S. Association of Chemistry Teachers Recent NESACS Service: Member, Army Natick Laboratories (1969–74); (2003). Board of Directors (1993–present); Associate Chair and Director of Relevant Memberships: American Chair, Education Committee Undergraduate Programs, Department Chemical Society; American Associa- (1993–96); Chair, College Subcommit- of Chemistry, Boston University tion for the Advancement of Science; tee, Education Committee (1997–pres- (1989–94); Director, Center for Teach- New England Association of Chem- ent); Member, Centennial Committee ing Excellence, College of Arts and istry Teachers; Sigma Xi. (1997–99); Alternate Councilor Sciences, Boston University Recent ACS Service: Member and (1994–97, 1999–2002); Councilor (1994–97); U.S. National Representa- Consultant, SOCED Task Force on (1997–98, 2003–present); Chair , tive, Committee on Chemistry Educa- Undergraduate Programming National Meeting Committee tion, International Union of Pure and (1991–2002); Member, CHED Pro- (2001–02); Chair–Elect (2001), Chair Applied Chemistry (2004-06). gram Committee (1992–2004) and (2002), Immediate Past Chair (2003). Honors: Phi Beta Kappa (1955); Chair (1999–2001); Member, CHED Statement: At the end of this year, I Senior Postdoctoral Research Associ- International Activities Committee will have served four years on the ate, U.S. National Academy of Sci- (1993–present); Member, College Society Committee on Education ences (1969–70); Associate of the Chemistry Consultants Service (SOCED), first as Associate Member Danforth Foundation (1970); Fellow of (1995–present) and Advisory Board (2002) and then as Member (2003-05). the American Association for the (2002-04); Member, Editorial Advi- My service on SOCED Subcommittee Advancement of Science (1992); Met- sory Board, General Chemistry Project B (College/University/Continuing calf Cup and Prize for Excellence in (1999–2004); Chair, CHED Regional Education), involves working with the Teaching, Boston University (1994); Meetings Committee (2000–present); ACS Education Department on the Henry A. Hill Award for Outstanding Associate Member and Member, Soci- development of programs for under- Service, Northeastern Section, Ameri- ety Committee on Education graduates at national meetings, and on can Chemical Society (1999); National (2002–present); Member, Organizing strategic planning for the educational Responsible Care® Catalyst Award for Committee, Conference on Research direction of the Society. I was a mem- Teaching Excellence at Four–Year Col- and Education in the Middle East ber of the organizing committee for the leges and Universities, American (2002–present); Chair-Elect (2004), invitational conference on Exploring the Molecular Vision, and am now on a follow-up task force. Inasmuch as my appointment to full membership on SOCED was based on my being a Councilor and my continuation on the Committee is conditional upon my remaining a Councilor, I ask for your vote to provide continuity to my service to SOCED and as NESACS representative on the ACS Council, which is the policy-making body of the Society. I promise to work forcefully on Coun- cil and SOCED to create stronger bonds between the Society and younger chemists, high school teachers, and underrepresented minorities. I promise to be an active voice for the Northeast- ern Section to represent the interests of its broad and diverse membership.

Christine Jaworek-Lopes Education: B.A, Tufts University (1992); Ph.D., Tufts University (2000) Professional Experience: Assistant Professor, Emmanuel College (2000 - present). ACS Service: Member since 1992

20 The Nucleus May 2005 NESACS Service: National Chem- 1990,1998; Student Affiliate Coordi- Chemistry Week symposium at MIT istry Week Chair (2003- present); nator 1978-90; Continuing Education featuring Mario and Luisa Molina, Member of the Phyllis A. Brauner Committee, 1979-81; Suffolk Univer- Chuck Kolb, Daniel Jacob, and Jim Committee (2003 - present). sity ACS Student Affiliate Chapter Anderson. This distinguished panel Statement: I am excited to be nomi- Advisor, 1977-present; chapter discussed climate change and other nated for the position of councilor/ received national awards in 1997, current topics in air quality before a alternate councilor for the Northeastern 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004. diverse audience of chemists and non- Section. While my main focus would Memberships: American Chemical chemists, graduate, undergraduate, and be to be a voice for members and to Society (Divisions: ChemEd, Analyti- high school students. As chair of the communicate their visions and ideas, a cal, Environmental), AAAS, NEACT, Phyllis A. Brauner Memorial Lecture goal of mine is to increase visibility NSTA/SCST, NEAFS (New England Committee I have the delightful expe- and interest in chemistry among pri- Association of Forensic Scientists), rience of working with the National mary school children. I have been able Sigma Xi. Chemistry Week volunteers to bring to begin this effort through my chair Award: Henry A. Hill Award for the joys of science to all ages through a position of NCW. We reached out to outstanding service to the Northeastern public lecture-demonstration and school districts for classroom partici- Section of the American Chemical hands-on activities. pation in the poster competition. We Society and to the Profession of Chem- In 2000, my year as NESACS chair , received interest and feedback from istry - 2003. our Section received the President’s community educators. Also, during my Statement: As councilor I have Award for Local Section Government four years of involvement in NCW, tried to represent all our members in Affairs, and I’ve since been privileged there was an increase in the number of the Northeastern Section. Industrial to be involved in the work of bringing college students that volunteered dur- and academic chemists, those seeking our concerns to Congress. I continue to ing the NCW kick-off event. I would employment, younger chemists or believe that this is an important func- be honored to represent the section at retired chemists, chemistry teachers, tion of ACS at a time which may be local and national meetings by raising and the chemists of the future, our stu- critical for the chemical profession. I concerns sections members may have. dent affiliates and graduate students, support the current efforts of ACS on all should be served by the Society and Capitol Hill, and invite you to join me Doris I. Lewis considered in its policies. Further, I as a member of the Legislative Action Education: Duke University, B.S. believe that councilors should not only Network. (1965), Tufts University, Ph.D. (1972). represent the Section, but should work I’m proud to serve with our Professional Experience: Suffolk actively to bring the benefits of mem- NESACS volunteers and hope you will University 1975-present (Chair, 1995- bership to the members in an accessi- join us in the important work of ACS. 2004; Forensic Science Coordinator ble way. The local section is in many Whether helping kids with hands-on 2002-present); Newton College of the ways the most effective unit of the activities during National Chemistry Sacred Heart 1970-75. ACS in delivering member services. Week, contacting Congress as a part of ACS Service: ACS Committee on The ACS is unique among scientific the Legislative Action Network, or vol- Chemistry and Public Affairs, organizations in its large number of unteering to help out the Section in 2003,2004, 2005; associate, 2001, dedicated volunteers, and NESACS is other ways, you’re sure to enjoy mak- 2002; Associate, ACS Council Com- an award-winning leader in its volun- ing your contribution in our commu- mittee on Local Section Activities, teers and its programs. I’m proud of nity of chemists. 1997; participant, ACS Legislative several activities that I have helped to I would appreciate your vote for Summit on Capitol Hill, 2002, 2003, initiate in our Section- among them an Councilor, and I further ask if I am 2004; ACS Legislative Action Net- active National Chemistry Week pro- elected that you share with me your work 1991-present; ACS legislative gram, NESACS days at Fenway Park, views and concerns so that I can serve action honor roll 2003, 2004. and Connections to Chemistry for you and the Section better. NESACS Service: NESCAS Chair, High School teachers- but the fact of 2000; Councilor, 1994-2005; Alternate the matter is that dedicated and tal- Raj Rajur Councilor, 1991-93; chair, Phyllis A. ented NESACS volunteers have made Education: B.S and M.S. in Brauner Memorial Lecture Committee, these and many more programs into Organic Chemistry, Karnataka Univer- 2002- present; National Chemistry wonderful successes, and continue to sity, Dharwad, India; Ph.D. in Week Committee, 2000- present; chair, expand these services to our members Organic/Medicinal Chemistry, Kar- Legislative Affairs Committee, 2002- and to bring chemistry to the public in nataka University Dharwad, India; present; Nominating Committee, 2001 more and more effective ways. In 2003 (1988) Postdoctoral Fellow, University (chair), 2003; Board of Publications as organizer of “What’s New in the of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 1995-97, chair, 1997-8; task force to Air?” I was honored to help bring Dallas; (1988-1990) Postdoctoral Fel- startup Section web page,1996; together distinguished and dedicated low, Boston College, (Chestnut Hill, National Meeting Committee members of NEACS in a National MA),(1990-1992). The Nucleus May 2005 21 Experience: I have held positions at Nucleus, and to enjoy meeting with Millipore corporation (Bedford, MA), Donald O. Rickter interesting people (chemists). Shriners Burns Institute (Boston, MA), Education: University of Califor- Massachusetts General Hospital, Har- nia-Davis (Chem. AB and MS; creden- Lawrence T. Scott vard Medical School, Northeastern tials for teaching grades 7 - 12); Education: A.B., Princeton Univer- University (Boston), ArQule, Inc. Michigan State University Ph.D. Phys- sity, 1966; Ph.D., Harvard University, (Woburn, MA) and am presently the ical Organic Chemistry. 1970. Founder and CEO of CreaGen Bio- Experience: U. S. Navy 2 years; Professional Experience: Assistant H.S. and college teaching 3 years; sciences, Inc, (W oburn, MA), Professor, University of California, Polaroid Research 31 years (Scientist (Founded 2002). Los Angeles, 1970; moved to Univer- and Information Manager); now an ACS/NESACS Service: Program sity of Nevada, Reno, 1975; Full Pro- independent information consultant. fessor, 1980; Foundation Professor, Chair for NESACS Medicinal Chem- NESACS Service: Section Chair- istry Division (2003-present). Member 1985; Chairman, 1989-91; moved to elect 1998; Chair 1999; Nominating Boston College, Professor, 1993-pres- ACS since 1990. Committee Chair 2000; Congressional Position Statement: In my tenure as ent; Forchheimer Visiting Professor, Science Counselor (8th District, MA, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, program coordinator and then program 1974-92); Liaison between Polaroid chair for the NESACS medicinal spring 1987; Visiting Professor, Har- and NESACS 1974-96; Program Com- vard University, spring 1988; Visiting chemistry division, I have sought to mittee 1981 and 1998; Board of Publi- Professor, Georg-August Universität, bring quality drug discovery science to cations 1983-85; Alternate Councilor Göttingen, Germany, Fall 1999, May our May, September and December (since 1985; acting Councilor several 2000, and May/June 2001; Visiting symposia. Some of the recent topics on times); ACS and Polaroid exhibit at Professor, Université du Littoral, which we have focused are “Natural MA State House June 1992; Nominat- Dunkerque, France, June 2000. Products as Starting Points for Drug ing Committee 1996; Helped start the ACS Activities: ACS Sierra Nevada Discovery”; “New Uses for Old NESACS website 1996; Co-Chair of Section Secretary-Treasurer, 1976; Drugs”; and “Kinase Targets”. Our Professional Relations Committee Program Chairman, 1977; Chairman, next symposium focuses on “New Tar- 1997; Work to plan MA State Capitol 1978; Member, ACS Organic Division gets for Type-2 Diabetes.” Days in June 1998 and June 2000; Nominating Committee, 1983; Mem- The purpose of bringing good phar- Currently Calendar Coordinator and ber, ACS Award Selection Committee, maceutical science to our very active Proofreader for The Nucleus. 1987-90. local section audiences is multipur- Honors: NESACS Henry Hill Awards & Fellowships: National pose. Our local section territory now Award in 2004. Institutes of Health Predoctoral Fel- houses the biotech hub of the world, ACS Service: Member of ACS lowship, 1967-70 NATO Senior Scien- and it is a place where every multina- since 1952; ACS Presidential Task tist Fellowship, 1981; Japan Society tional pharmaceutical company wants Force on K-12 Education in 2001; Cur- for the Promotion of Science Senior to partner, headquarter or establish a rent Member of Divisions of Chemical Scientist Fellowship, 1985 and 2003; center of excellence. We, as a section, Information and Professional Rela- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation need to be exposed to a cross section tions; Attending one national meeting Senior Scientist Award, 1999. per year as an acting Councilor. of the science that is ongoing in the Memberships & Related Activi- Statement: I am ready to move up industry. Our meetings are venues for ties: Elected Fellow, American Associ- from several years of impersonating exchange of ideas between industrial ation for the Advancement of Science, (acting as) a Councilor. I have the Washington, DC, 2003; Member, Edi- and academic participants. And, very experience and skills to serve on torial Advisory Board for the Journal importantly, our meetings are places national committees for the benefit of of Organic Chemistry, 1995-1999; where students from our many good our great section. We have work to do Forchheimer Lecturer, Hebrew Univer- colleges and universities can network to strengthen science education on all sity of Jerusalem, 1987; Ernst Berliner with professionals and learn from the levels. We must endorse scientists in Lecturer, Bryn Mawr College, 1995; symposia topics which feature cutting- public service when their scientific Nozoe Memorial Lecturer , Hong edge science. decisions are undermined for political Kong, 1998; Arthur W. Ingersoll Lec- If elected as a councilor, I will con- considerations. Younger chemists and turer, Vanderbilt University, 2003; Stu- tinue to support and encourage women and minorities still need sup- art Rosenfeld Lecturer, Smith College, NESACS meetings that bring topnotch port in seeking full rights in their work 2003; Jerome A. Berson Lecturer, Yale science to our audiences of academic places. University, 2004; Co-Chairman, and industrial professionals and stu- There are many opportunities for National Science Foundation Work- dents. members to volunteer, to learn about shop on Organic Synthesis, 1974; Co- Thank you for your support. Our Society, to write articles for The Chairman, Symposium on Organic

22 The Nucleus May 2005 Synthesis, Northwest Regional ACS entist, Sepracor Inc. (2000-01), Associ- Research Symposium (1974-1976, Meeting, 1976; Co-Chairman, Sympo- ate Director, Sepracor Inc. (2001 - 1978-1984); Nominating Committee sium on Theoretically Interesting Mol- present). (1981, 1991, 1993, 1994, 2002); James ecules, International Chemical Memberships and Honors: Ameri- Flack Norris Award Committee (1985- Congress of Pacific Basin Societies, can Chemical Society, American Asso- 88, chairman 1987); Esselen Award 1984; Co-Chairman, Symposium on ciation of Pharmaceutical Scientist. Committee (2001-05); Alternate Coun- Molecules of Fundamental Importance, ACS/NESACS Service: Program cilor (1987-1995); Councilor (1996- Chemical Congress of the North Amer- Chair, Medicinal Chemistry Group of 1998); Budget Committee ican Continent, 1988; Co-Chairman, the NEACS, (2005). (1989-1991); 1990 National Meeting Symposium on High Temperature Gas Statement: I have regularly Committee Chairman (1989-1990); Phase Organic Chemistry, International attended the monthly board of direc- Chairman-Elect and Program Chair- Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin tors meetings since last year as a repre- man (1989); Section Chairman (1990); Societies, 1989; Program Chairman, sentative of the Medicinal Chemistry Continuing Education Committee Seventh IUPAC Symposium on Novel Group (MCG). This year I have the (1990-present); Board of Publications Aromatic Compounds, 1992; Member, honor to serve as program chair for the (1994-2001, chairman 1996, 1998, International Advisory Board, IUPAC MCG of NESACS. If elected I would 1999, 2000); 1998 National Meeting Symposium Series on Novel Aromatic continue to organize more high quality Committee Chairman (1997-1998); Compounds, 1995-present; Co-organ- symposia and meetings that highlight Director-at-Large (1999-2001). izer, Symposium on Novel Aromatic the latest developments in the pharma- Compounds, National ACS Meeting, ceutical industry, biotech and acade- Nolan Flynn 1998; Co-Chairman, Symposium on mia. I will try hard with my colleagues Education: B.A. (Chemistry) with pi-Electronic Systems with Novel to provide a stage for local scientists distinction, Saint Olaf College, (1996); Structure, International Chemical Con- from the pharmaceutical, biotech Ph.D. (Chemistry), University of Illi- gress of Pacific Basin Societies, 2000; industry and academia to exchange nois at Urbana-Champaign (2001). Chairman for the Gordon Research ideas, network and for career develop- Professional Experience: Assistant Conference on Physical Or ganic ment. I would also like to organize Professor of Chemistry, Wellesley Col- Chemistry, 2003; Co-Chairman, NSF some workshops or short-courses on a lege (2003–present); Post-doctoral Workshops on Physical Or ganic variety of topics of interest to scientists Research Fellow, Department of Chemistry, 2003, 2004, and 2005. in the region. If elected I will advocate Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Research Interests: Rational chem- for more support from the NESACS Institute of Technology (2001–2003); ical syntheses of fullerenes and carbon for the MCG and work to increase the consultant to MicroCHIPS, Inc., Cam- nanotubes; synthesis and study of other visibility of the MCG through positive bridge, Mass. (2002–2003); consultant organic compounds and materials with publicity and coverage of the meetings. to Caliper Technologies Corp., Moun- unusual structures and properties: I will work closely with members from tain View, Calif. (2003). molecular bowls, baskets, belts, and other committees, like Continuing ACS Service: Member since 1997. related nonplanar geodesic polyarenes; Education to provide more opportuni- Memberships, Honors: Phi Beta thermal reactions of aromatic com- ties for medicinal chemists to network Kappa; Sigma Xi; NIH Postdoctoral pounds. at events of NESACS. Fellowship; Materials Research Soci- Candidate statement: I will repre- ety, Electrochemical Society. sent the members of the NESACS at the ACS council meetings to the best Ernest V. Groman of my ability. Nominating Committee Education: B.S., Mathematics, Uni- E. Joseph Billo versity of North Carolina-CH, 1962; Liming Shao Education and Experience: B.Sc. Ph.D., Biochemistry, University of Education: Ph.D. (Organic Chem- (1961), M.Sc. (1963), Ph.D. (1967), California, Berkeley, 1973; Post-grad- istry), The University of Tokyo (1993). McMaster University; Postdoctoral uate studies at Massachusetts General Professional Experience: Postdoc- Research Associate, Purdue University Hospital and Harvard Medical School. toral fellowship, Chemistry Depart- (1967-1969); Assistant Professor Professional Experience: (Current ment, Harvard University , (1969-1974), Associate Professor position) Principal and Vice President (1993-1996); Research Associate, Mol- (1974-present), Department of Chem- of Development, BioPhysics Assay ecular and Cellular Biology Depart- istry, Boston College. Laboratory; Group Leader and Section ment, Harvard University (1996-98); Northeastern Section ACS Activi- Manager, Clinical Assays; Co-founder Department Associate, Molecular and ties: Member of ACS since 1969. and Vice President of Research, Cellular Biology Department, Harvard Chemical Education Committee (1974- Advanced Magnetics. University (1998-present); Scientist, 76, 1978-86, chairman 1982-86); NESACS Activities: Medicinal Sepracor Inc. (1998-2000); Senior Sci- Organizer of the Under graduate Chemistry Group representative to the

The Nucleus May 2005 23 Board of Directors; Director-at-Large. employment, younger chemists or more and more effective ways. In 2003 Statement: My name is Ernest Gro- retired chemists, chemistry teachers, as organizer of “What’s New in the man. I received my BS in mathematics and the chemists of the future, our stu- Air?” I was honored to help bring from the University of North Carolina- dent affiliates and graduate students, together distinguished and dedicated CH in 1962 and my PhD in Biochem- all should be served by the Society and members of NEACS in a National istry from the University of considered in its policies. Further, I Chemistry Week symposium at MIT California-Berkeley in 1973. I pursued believe that councilors should not only featuring Mario and Luisa Molina, postgraduate studies in the laboratory represent the Section, but should work Chuck Kolb, Daniel Jacob, and Jim of Dr. Lewis Engel at Massachusetts actively to bring the benefits of mem- Anderson. This distinguished panel General Hospital and Harvard Medical bership to the members in an accessi- discussed climate change and other School. I have worked at Clinical ble way. The local section is in many current topics in air quality before a Assays as a Group Leader and Section ways the most effective unit of the diverse audience of chemists and non- Manager, at Advanced Magnetics ACS in delivering member services. chemists, graduate, undergraduate, and where I was a co-founder and vice The ACS is unique among scientific high school students. As chair of the president of research, and at Bio- organizations in its large number of Phyllis A. Brauner Memorial Lecture Physics Assay Laboratory where I am dedicated volunteers, and NESACS is Committee I have the delightful expe- a Principal and vice president of devel- an award-winning leader in its volun- rience of working with the National opment. I have served our local section teers and its programs. I’m proud of Chemistry Week volunteers to bring as a Director at Large and have stood several activities that I have helped to the joys of science to all ages through a for Chair of the section. I am honest, initiate in our Section- among them an public lecture-demonstration and hard working, and no stranger to suf- active National Chemistry Week pro- hands-on activities. fering. I ask for your vote. Thank you. gram, NESACS days at Fenway Park, In 2000, my year as NESACS chair , and Connections to Chemistry for our Section received the President’s Doris I. Lewis High School teachers- but the fact of Award for Local Section Government (For the biographical information, the matter is that dedicated and tal- Affairs, and I’ve since been privileged see p. 23) ented NESACS volunteers have made to be involved in the work of bringing Statement: As councilor I have these and many more programs into our concerns to Congress. I continue to tried to represent all our members in wonderful successes, and continue to believe that this is an important func- the Northeastern Section. Industrial expand these services to our members tion of ACS at a time which may be and academic chemists, those seeking and to bring chemistry to the public in critical for the chemical profession. I support the current efforts of ACS on Capitol Hill, and invite you to join me as a member of the Legislative Action Network. I’m proud to serve with our NESACS volunteers and hope you will join us in the important work of ACS. Whether helping kids with hands-on activities during National Chemistry Week, contacting Congress as a part of the Legislative Action Network, or vol- unteering to help out the Section in other ways, you’re sure to enjoy making your contribution in our community of chemists. I would appreciate your vote for Councilor, and I further ask if I am elected that you share with me your views and concerns so that I can serve you and the Section better. ◆

For late breaking news, job postings and the latest meeting and event information please visit us at WWW.NESACS.ORG

24 The Nucleus May 2005 Governance Actions/Report Summary American Chemical Society 229th ACS National Meeting San Diego, CA - March 13-17, 2005 Reported by Mort Hoffman

ACTIONS OF THE COUNCIL Council VOTED to continue the Com- assign the proposed duties of the committee on Project SEED. The Commit- mittee to the Committee on Economic Election Results tee on Project SEED oversees the and Professional Affairs, the Council The Committee on Nominations Society’s summer educational experi- VOTED to establish a Committee on and Elections presented to the Council ence program for disadvantaged youth. Ethics as an Other Committee of the the following nominees for selection as Council. candidates for President-Elect, 2006: Proposal for a Committee on Ethics Pat N. Confalone, Catherine T. Hunt, The Committee on Committees Registration Report John W. Kozarich, and Cynthia A. presented to Council a proposal for As of March 15, 2005, the ACS Maryanoff. By written ballot the Coun- establishing a Committee on Ethics as spring national meeting had attracted cil selected Catherine T. Hunt and John an Other Committee of the Council. 15,385 registrants as follows: Regular W. Kozarich as candidates for 2006 The charge of this committee would be attendees 8,372; Students 4,160; President-Elect. They join George E. as follows: To coordinate the ethics- Exhibitors 1,624; Exposition only 628; Heinze, who was certified as a petition related activities of the Society, serve and Guests 601. as an educational resource and clear- candidate for 2006 President-Elect. Member Statistics inghouse, but not as an adjudication The Committee on Nominations Membership in the American body, for ACS members seeking guid- and Elections announced the results of Chemical Society was 158,127 as of ance on ethics issues; raise awareness the election of nominees for candidates year-end 2004. Compared to the previ- of ethics issues through meeting pro- to represent District III and District VI ous year, this represents less than a 1% gramming and columns/editorials; on the Board of Directors for the term decrease. In 2004, more than 13,000 review recognition opportunities for 2006-2008. Nominees for District III new members were added to the rolls. included: Catherine C. Fenselau, acknowledging ethical behavior; and to Edward J. Grabowski, Madeleine M. develop and oversee such other ethics- Petition for Consideration Joullié, and Willie E. May. Nominees related activities as will serve ACS The Committee on Nominations for District VI included Bonnie A. members and promote the Society’s and Elections withdrew a petition on Charpentier, Janan M. Hayes, Clayton standards of ethical conduct within the election procedures. The committee H. Heathcock, and Stanley H. Pine. By profession of chemistry and its related plans to offer additional changes to the written ballot the Council selected disciplines. After defeating a motion to continued on page 26 Catherine C. Fenselau and Madeleine M. Joullié as District III candidates; and as District VI candidates, Bonnie A. Charpentier and Stanley H. Pine. Ballots will be mailed on or before October 10 to all members in District III and District IV for election of a Director for each District. Candidates for Directors-at-Large The Committee on Nominations and Elections announced the selection of the following candidates for Direc- tors-at-Large for the 2006-2008 term: James D. Burke, Edwin A. Chandross, C. Gordon McCarty, and Frankie Wood-Black. The election of two Directors-at-Large will be conducted in the fall, with ballots mailed to the Council on or before October 10.

Committee Review Morton Hoffman (Boston University), NESACS Councilor (at right), with George Olah (University As part of a regular review, the of Southern California), 2005 Priestly Medalist. photos by Mort Hoffman

The Nucleus May 2005 25 Funding, which was subsequently The Society’s Current Finances and Governance approved by the ACS Council, Board, Financial Future Continued from page 25 and membership in March 2003. The The Committee on Budget and Society’s election procedures and Board accepted the temporary assess- Finance reported that the Society introduce a new petition at the fall ment with the understanding that it ended 2004 with a net contribution national meeting. would be reviewed each year to deter- from operations of $5,099,000 on rev- Special Discussion Item mine whether it could be reduced. The enues of $419,200,000 and expenses of A special discussion item was put Board reviewed the temporary assess- $414,700,000. This was $3,628,000 on the Council agenda for this meet- ment for 2006 and, in light of the Soci- favorable to the approved budget. After ing. ACS President William F. Carroll ety’s strong financial performance, including the results of the Belmont presented an overview of Chemistry VOTED to reduce it to $5, rather than Conference Center, recorded as a dis- Enterprise 2015, posing the question, proceeding with the scheduled $6 continued operation, and the Member “Where will our students come from in assessment. Insurance Program, the Society’s over- the next ten years, and where will they go?” Councilors then participated in a lively discussion of this issue, which was framed as follows: Currently the U.S. has a strong university system and U.S. graduate education in science is widely recognized as the best in the world, but problems loom on the hori- zon. In addition, a variety of factors in the nation’s academic infrastructure are likely to produce change in the training and careers of new chemists. The discussion at Council intensified awareness of this issue and possibilities for solutions. 2006 Member Dues The Council VOTED to set the member dues for 2006 at the fully escalated rate of $127. (l-r) Amy Tapper (Peptimmune, Inc.), NESACS Chair; Martin Saunders (Yale University), recipient of the James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry Sponsored by the Northeastern Sec- ACTIONS OF THE BOARD OF tion, ACS; Bill Carroll, ACS President. DIRECTORS The Special Temporary Assessment In December 2002, the Board of Directors enacted a special temporary assessment to cover the costs of increased funding for divisions and local sections, as stipulated in the Peti- tion for Division and Local Section Looked at the NEW NESACS website? Updated frequently Consult for late-breaking news, position postings Latest meeting and event information

WWW.NESACS.org Sarah Chobot (Boston University), Women Chemist Committee//Eli Lilly Travel Awardee, with Bill Carroll, ACS President, at the San Diego ACS national meeting.

26 The Nucleus May 2005 review the appropriateness and ade- Award. The Board will announce the Governance quacy of the Society’s current financial two winners at its June meeting. Continued from page 26 guidelines; and to assess the Society’s The Board, through its Committee all net contribution for 2004 was changing risk profile and the potential on Professional and Member Relations $4,465,000, which was $3,229,000 implications on major ACS funding (P&MR), reviewed the approval favorable to the approved budget. sources over the next three years. process for recurring meeting cospon- The Board reviewed and VOTED The Board’s Committees and Task sorship requests and VOTED to to accept several recommendations Forces streamline and simplify the process. from the recent Financial Planning The Board received a screened list The Board also VOTED to authorize Conference held January 2005. The of candidates from the Committee on P&MR to approve requests where ACS purpose of this conference was to pro- Grants and Awards for the 2006 Priest- seeks the cosponsorship of other vide a comprehensive assessment of ley Medal and the Volunteer Service organizations. the Society’s financial position; to The ACS/AIChE governance-to- governance task force and the ACS/AIChE Joint Membership task force have concluded formal discus- sions and have agreed on several points. At this meeting, the Board VOTED to discharge both task forces with thanks. The Society’s Staff The Board received a report from the Executive Director/CEO and several of her direct reports on the status of the Society’s website project, special issues associated with Chemical Abstracts Service and the Publications Divisions, the Green Chemistry Insti- tute, and the activities of the General Counsel. The Board also reviewed and approved several recommendations from the Committee on Executive (l-r) Mike Strem (Strem Chemicals); Tom Spiro (Princeton University), recipient of the ACS Award Compensation relative to compensa- for Distinguished Service in the Advancement of Inorganic Chemistry Sponsored by Strem Chemi- cals, Inc.; Bill Carroll, ACS President. tion for the Society’s executive staff. The compensation of the Society’s executive staff receives regular review from the Board. The Society’s Publications The Board VOTED to approve the appointment of an editor for a new Society journal, ACS Chemical Biol- ogy. ACS Chemical Biology is scheduled to debut in 2006. ACS Governance Review The Board of Directors VOTED to support the creation of a Joint Board- Council Policy Committee Task Force on Governance Review with the charge to conduct a review of the Soci- ety’s governance structure and Consti- tution and Bylaws to ensure that the Society has a governing framework to enable it to best fulfill its mission, Amy Tapper (Peptimmune, Inc.), NESACS Chair, flanked by W. Harry Mandeville (Peptimmune, meet member needs, and remain a Inc.) (at left) and S. Randall Holmes-Farley (Genzyme Drug Discovery and Development), recipients ◆ of the ACS Award for Team Innovation Sponsored by Corporation Associates. world-class organization.

The Nucleus May 2005 27 Book Review The Science of Paintings, W. Stanley Taft, Jr. and James W. Mayer (Springer-Verlag, 2000) 236 pp., ISBN 0-387-98722-3; $50.00 Reviewed by Michael Henchman, Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454-9110 We chemists are prolific in our cou- can materials best be used? What can text developed for the interdisciplinary plings. Think of biochemistry, biologi- happen to materials over time? How, undergraduate course at Cornell Art, cal chemistry, chemical biology, subsequently, can materials be fixed? Isotopes and Analysis by Stanley Taft bio-organic chemistry, bio-inorganic Every artist must be part materials sci- (an artist) and James Mayer (a materi- chemistry, and so on. These couplings entist, part environmental scientist, and als scientist). [Cornell has pioneered in reveal nothing of the material world, part conservation scientist. Herein lies this area, their most illustrious practi- only the ways we poor chemists one major link between science and art. tioner having been the late Walter choose to think about the material For chemists, art has an ongoing McCrone, he of Turin Shroud and Vin- world. In this vein, the book under link with analytical chemistry, espe- land Map fame.] Guest lecturers for review The Science of Paintings con- cially as new techniques are continu- the Cornell course and guest contribu- siders the unlikely coupling between ally being developed. [Beielby has tors to this volume are Peter Kuni- science and art, which many reject as shown us how to construct an exciting holm, a Cornell dendrochronologist, being non-existent. course in Instrumental Analysis using Dusan Stulik from the Getty Conserva- Scientists, they claim, construct a examples from art and archaeology.1] tion Institute, and Richard Newman, singular view of the material world, a A long and rich tradition links analyti- the senior scientist at the MFA. The view common to all and universal in cal techniques and their use in art. first half of the book addresses several its scope. As for art, there are as many Almost a century ago in Rutherford’s topics in 9 short chapters: structure and viewpoints as there are works of art. laboratory, paintings were already analysis of paintings, paint, organic Between these two extremes—the being examined using X-rays. Further binders, color and light, optics of paint objective and the subjective—no com- examples include radiocarbon dating films, identifying pigments and detect- mon ground may be perceived. Correct (1950), thermoluminescence (1960) ing fakes. The second half, consisting (almost) as far as it goes, this judgment and computational decomposition of a of 12 appendices, covers both basic considers only the ends but not the painting’s surface image to identify the science — photons, electrons, X-rays, means. When we consider the means, painter (2004)2. Science continues to energy levels, crystal structure, optics, we find science and art to be linked serve the study of art in increasingly nuclear reactions — and scientific inextricably. sensational (and useful) ways. techniques — autoradiography, polar- Artists fashion works of art out of The Science of Paintings treats the ized light microscopy, radiocarbon dat- something and that something is mate- physics and chemistry of the materials ing, dendrochronology, FTIR and rial. What materials are available? How science underlying paintings. It is a continued on page 29 Pictures From the March Meeting

Camille Peterson and Pam Mabrouk Mike Filosa and Dr. Fetzer Nora Conlon and Ivan Korendovych Photos by James Phillips

28 The Nucleus May 2005 BUSINESS DIRECTORY

SERVICES SERVICES Book Review Continued from page 28 Japanese translations of scientific chromatography. An average of 10 articles and patents by fully bilingual Japanese-American PhD. Over 20 years exper- pages for each chapter and appendix ience. English-Japanese translations available. makes a succinct 200-page text. Supe- R.N. Arison Chemical Solutions for rior color plates of some 30 paintings 88 Century Lane, Watchung, NJ 07069-6008 the Life Science Industry 908-757-6812 [email protected] provide essential art (alas raising the Custom Organic Synthesis price of the book to $50). Problem Process Development sets, exams and solution are apparently Contract R & D available from the publisher. Pharmaceutical Intermediates So what is the authors’ purpose? Medicinal Chemistry Support The book adheres to the title The Sci- Biotechnology Specialty Reagents ence of Paintings explicitly. It is not a Solid Support Reactions book about art or paintings: it is a sci- Process Validation entific primer for the scientific exami- Gram to Multi-Kilogram Synthesis nation of paintings. It is a collection of basic science, on the one hand, and of scientific techniques, on the other. No unifying theme can be developed sys- tematically throughout the book. No logical links are possible between one section and the next. It is really a scientific reference book for readers inter- PolyOrg Inc. ested in the science of paintings. 10 Powers Street, Leominster, MA 01453 The text is written for arts stu- Phone: 978-466-7978 1-866-PolyOrg dents, studying the science of art, and Fax: 978-466-8084 [email protected] for science students, studying the www.polyorginc.com application of science to art. As a reference text, the form and content of the science are intimidating. And it makes insufficient use of its valuable material for what is the primary pedagogical purpose. The primary purpose should not focus on the science (although that must be identified and understood). Instead the primary focus has to be on the art and on the role played by science in illuminating the art. Consider, for example, how painting was transformed during the Renaissance, from the flat aspect of Botticelli (painted in egg tempera) to understand the look of art. We scien- the brilliance of Rembrandt (painted in tists have more and more to contribute oils). We study the optics of thin films to this study. New techniques spawn to be able to understand Rembrandt’s new data. Very recently, Farid’s work2 technical genius. Understanding the suggests how the computer might com- role played by science in the actual art plement, and perhaps even supplant, is the rationale for this subject. Some- the connoisseur. It is in this context times the authors attempt this (e.g. that we need to consider the relation- neoimpressionism) but often they do ship between science and art. not (e.g. afterimages); and it is not (1). “Art, archaeology and analytical chem- their principal focus. One creative istry”, A. L. Beilby, J. Chem. Ed. 69, approach to writing a book like this is 437 (1992). to question what science can explain (2). “A digital technique for art authentica- about art … and then answer it. tion”, S. Lyu, D. Rockmore and H. Science helps us to describe and Farid, PNAS 101, 17006 (2004). ◆

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The Nucleus May 2005 31 avr,M 01451 Harvard, MA 19 Mill Road

May 3 Prof. Jeffrey S. Moore (Prof. of Chem., Prof. of Prof. Joanne Stubbe (MIT) Materials Science & Engineering, and Member “Polyoxoester Synthases: Towards Making of the Beckman Institute, Univ. of Illinois, Biodegradable Polymers in Biorenewable Urbana-Champaign) at 2 pm: “Foldamer Sources” (The Max Tishler Prize Lectures.) Heterosequences: Modular and Customizable Harvard Univ., Pfizer Lecture Hall, 12 Oxford Molecular Containers”; St., 4:15 pm Prof. Lawrence T. Scott (Boston College) at 3:15 pm: “Strategies for the Rational Chemical Dr. William V. Murray (Johnson & Johnson) Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes” “The Discovery and Development of Tepoxalin” All lectures at Boston College in Merkert 127 (“Chemistry in Industry” Lecture Series) MIT, Room 6-120, 9:30am Jenny Yang (MIT - Nocera Group) Inorganic Chemistry Seminar May 4 MIT, Room 6-120, 4:00 pm Dr. Tom Baker (Los Alamos National Lab.) Inorganic Chemistry Seminar May 26 MIT, Room 6-120, 4:00pm Dr. Joel Barrish (Bristol-Myers Squibb) “”Identification of Kinase Inhibitors: Progress May 5 and Challenges” Dr. Anne M. LaPointe (Symyx Technologies, and Prof. Kendall N. Houk (UCLA) Inc.) “Small Molecule Drug Discovery in “High-Throughput Discovery of New Catalysts Autoimmune Disease” for the Isospecific Polymerization of Propylene” (Bristol-Myers Squibb Lectures in Organic (“Chemistry in Industry” Lecture Series) Chem.) AMERICAN CHEMICAL

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OPOI ORG. NONPROFIT MIT, Room: 6-120, 9:30 am NORTHEASTERN SOCIETY SECTION May 9 Prof. Anna Mapp (Univ. of Michigan) Woodward Visiting Scholar/Organic Chemistry Notices for the Nucleus Seminar Calendar should be sent to: Harvard Univ., Pfizer Lecture Hall, 12 Oxford Dr. Donald O. Rickter, 88 Hemlock St., St., 4:15 pm Arlington, MA 02474-2157 May 10 e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Stefanie A. Kane (Director, Pain Research, Merck Research Labs.) Calendar “Neuroscience Drug Discovery at Merck Research Laboratories” (“Chemistry in Industry” Lecture Series) Check the NESACS Homepage MIT, Room: 6-120, 9:30 am for late additions: http://www.NESACS.org May 16 Prof. Thomas Muir (Rockefeller Univ.) Note also the Chemistry Department web “The Chemical Biology of Protein Splicing.” pages for travel directions and updates. These (Woodward Lecture Series in the Chemical include: http://chemserv.bc.edu/seminar.html Sciences/Organic Chem.) http://www.bu.edu/chemistry/events/ Harvard Univ., Pfizer Lecture Hall, 12 Oxford http://www.chem.brandeis.edu/colloquium.shtml St., 4:15 pm Have you looked http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chem/Seminars/ May 18 http://www-chem.harvard.edu/events/ Jennifer Adamchuk (MIT -- Schrock Group) http://web.mit.edu/chemistry/ “Early Transition Metal Catalysts for for it on the www.chem.neu.edu/web/calendar/index.html Polymerization of Olefins and Acetylenes” http://chem.tufts.edu/seminars.html (Inorganic Chemistry Seminar) NESACS http://www.chem.umb.edu/ MIT, Room 6-120, 4:00pm http://www.umassd.edu/cas/chemistry/ http://www.uml.edu/Dept/Chemistry/speakers.html May 23 website yet? http://www.unh.edu/chemistry/seminars.html Prof. Ulrich Genick (Brandeis Univ.) “Photoreceptors: Structure, Dynamics, Updated frequently May 2 Signaling” Prof. Joanne Stubbe (MIT) (Biological Chemistry Seminar Series) “Ribonucleotide Reductases: Toward Harnessing MIT, Room 6-120, 4:00 pm Their Suicidal Tendencies to Make Consult for late-breaking news, Therapeutics” (The Max Tishler Prize Lectures.) May 25 position postings Harvard Univ., Pfizer Lecture Hall, 12 Oxford Symposium on the Synthesis of Organic St., 4:15 pm Structures with Exceptional Properties: Back issues of the Nucleus are Prof. M.-Christina White (Harvard Univ.) Prof. Rik Tykwinski (Univ. of Alberta) at 9:30 “Hydrocarbon Oxidation Methods for Synthesis” am: “A Carbenoid Approach to Polyynes with archived in .pdf format Brandeis Univ., Edison Lecks Building, Unique Properties”: Gerstenzang 122, 3:30 pm Dr. Jack B. Howard ( Nano-C, Inc., Westwood, Yongwon Jung (MIT -- Lippard Group) MA and Hoyt C. Hottel Prof. Emeritus of WWW NESACS “Cellular Responses against DNA Damaged by Chemical Engineering, MIT) at 10:45 am: . .org Platinum Anti-cancer Agents” “Synthesis of Fullerenes and Nanotubes in MIT, Room: 6-120, 4:00pm Flames - From Laboratory Research to Industrial Production”;