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Step'annos Orbelean's History of the State of Sisakan Translated from Classical Armenian by Robert Bedrosian To the memory of my grandmother Aghavni Postoian Torigian Sources of the Armenian Tradition (Long Branch, N.J., 2012-2015) This translation is in the public domain. It may be copied and distributed freely. Maps: Most browsers permit decreasing (Ctrl and minus sign -) and increasing (Ctrl and plus sign +) image sizes. in English: from Armenia a Historical Atlas (Chicago, 2001) by Robert H. Hewsen: Map 98 showing Siwnik in the 7-10th Centuries. Section from Map 94 showing Siwnik in the 11th Century. The maps above, which are not in the public domain, are presented solely for non-commercial educational/research purposes. in Russian: Armenia in the 1-4th Centuries. Armenia in the 5-7th Centuries. Armenia at the Beginning of the 11th Century Western Lands and map legend Eastern Lands Armenia and Neighboring Countries at the Beginning of the 13th Century Western Lands and Cilicia Eastern Lands and map legend Armenia on the Eve of the Mongol Conquest Western Lands Eastern Lands and map legend, cartographer S. T. Eremyan in Armenian: Siwnik' (Syunik')/Sisakan The Principality of Siwnik' (821-987) and the Kingdom of Siwnik' (987-1170), cartographer B. H. Harut'yunyan. Zak'arid Armenia at the Beginning of the 13th Century, cartographer S. T. Eremyan. The sources for these maps, and additional maps are available on our Maps Page. Translator's Preface Volume 1 Chapter 1. Introduction to our book and some particulars about it. Chapter 2. Genealogy and antiquity. Whence sprang the patriarchs of the line of Sisak, from Adam onward. Chapter 3. Borders of the land of Siwnik', its fertility and usefulness for mankind, the number of its districts and impregnable fortresses. Chapter 4. The early history of the clan of Sisak. How it was established by Vagharshak, king of the Armenians. Chapter 5. The illumination of the land of Siwnik' with the knowledge of Christ God, the conversion of the princes under Trdat by Saint Gregory, our Illuminator; destruction of the pagan temples, construction of churches, ordination of a bishop of Siwnik' and other worthwhile stories. Chapter 6. Accounts from ancient times about the arrival of the blessed Apostle Bartholomew to the land of Siwnik' and about the construction of a church in the district of Goght'n, the conversion to the faith of some [folk], establishment of an altar and ordination of a bishop. Chapter 7. Regarding the bishops and princes of the Armenians: who among them were senior and leaders as designated by the great [King] Trdat and Saint Gregory and their sons and grandsons; and regarding the distinct honor and station accorded to the bishop of Siwnik'. Chapter 8. The death of Gregory, metropolitan of Siwnik', and how the blessed Mashtots' occupied the throne after him. Chapter 9. Prince Andok Siwnik' and his deeds; what befell the land of Siwnik' from Shapuh, king of the Persians. How [Andok] went to the great Theodorus, emperor of Byzantium, where he died. This according to the blessed Petros, bishop of Siwnik. Chapter 10. Babik comes to Shapuh from Byzantium; the bravery he displays; he again rules his own patrimonial land of Siwnk' and restores it. He becomes equal in status to the Bagratids during his rule. This is taken from the same homily of Lord Petros. These events transpired in the 68th year of the reign of the Persian king Shapuh, son of Ormizd. Chapter 11. Revelation of the church at Shaghat and the discovery of such holiness within it; the conversion [to Christianity] of Gor, Gazan, and other Persians; the miracles of the priest Tirot. Chapter 12. [Information] from the same homily of Lord Petros. The discovery of relics of the saints in the church of Shaghat after a long time; quarrels during the time of Bishop Yovakim; seniority among the villages and lordly house-holders (tanuterk'); who was ranked highest and held primacy. Chapter 13. The princes who ruled after Babik. Chapter 14. Listing of the princes from Babik to K'urd. Chapter 15. The coming of the blessed vardapet Mesrob to Siwnik' and Goght'n, his travels around the districts, and his purging of idol-worship which had been concealed here and there. [This was done] with the assistance of Prince Vaghinak and Shabit'. Chapter 16. Restoration of the episcopate of Siwnik' under Lord Anania; his travels to Aghuania, and his honoring by their king, Esvaghe'n. Chapter 17. The cowardly and wicked prince Vasak of Siwnik' and the cause of his destruction. Chapter 18. The martyrdom of the glorious and venerable sepuh of Siwnik', [Y]azd, at the hands of Mihran during a Persian [military] review. Chapter 19. The martyrdoms which occurred here and there in the district of Vayots' dzor and the martyrium that was built between the rivers Eghegik' and Mozan, near the hill where the fortress was. Chapter 20. The bishops of Siwnik' who succeeded Anania, and about the miraculous ordination of Lord Erits'ak. Chapter 21. Brief account about Father Giwt and K'ristosase'r; and the construction of a monastery on the banks of the Arax [River]. Chapter 22. Concerning the Bishops of Siwnik' Makar and Petros, Gigan and Vrtane's. Chapter 23. The letter written by Lord Yovhanne's, kat'oghikos of the Armenians, and other bishops to Lord Vrdane's, bishop of Siwnik'. Chapter 24. Concerning the day on which the Armenian Era was established; and about when the [doctrinal formulation] "Who Was crucified" was introduced. Chapter 25. The death of Vrdane's and the succession of Grigor and K'ristap'or; and what stories there were from their days. Chapter 26. Regarding the unity of the Armenians and the sole rule of Lord Abraham; about the great assembly which took place in Dvin, and about the nine classes [of clergy] in the Church and about the separation of the Iberians/Georgians. [In this chapter are] many useful accounts which we collected from old letters and from the writings of Uxt'ane's [including narrations] about the archbishopric of the Aghuans, the metropolitanate of Siwnik', and how it came about that the Cross of Siwnik' was bestowed. Chapter 27. Regarding the nine orders of the clergy, what they are and what duties they perform. Chapter 28. Concerning Mat'usagha, bishop of Siwnik', and about the assembly at Karin [convened during the time] of Heraclius; and about Ezr, who was steeped in the Chalcedonian heresy. Chapter 29. Translation omitted. The letter of Mat'usaghay, bishop of Siwnik', which was written to Emperor Heraclius about the faith, at the order of Lord Ezr, kat'oghikos of the Armenians and other Armenian bishops. Chapter 30. The bishops of Siwnik' who succeeded Lord Mat'usaghay the k'ert'ogh. Chapter 31. The works and death of Lord Step'annos of Siwnik', and what is related about him. Chapter 32. The vision of the blessed Methodius, bishop of Patara and martyr about the past, present, and future, with quotations from Scripture, which Lord Step'annos, bishop of Siwnik', translated. Chapter 33. Marwan the Tachik (Arab) general comes to Siwnik'; how the Persian Baban [Babak] became son-in-law to Vasak, lord of Siwnik'; about the burning of Mak'enots', and the devastations of Geghak'uni and Baghasakan. Chapter 34. About T'anahat monastery, and father Mxit'ar. Chapter 35. Concerning the bishops of Siwnik' who succeeded the blessed Step'annos in his position. Chapter 36. Shahanduxt, daughter of royalty, and about the great and awesome miracles which occurred in the land of Siwnik'. Chapter 37. The princes of Siwnik', Sahak and others; their deeds and deaths which occurred in the year 270 [of the Armenian era, A. D. 821] and later; stories and brief notices about their actions and words. Chapter 38. The coming of Yusup' to our Sisakan land; the ravaging and destruction of the district; flight of the princes; universal crises and conflagration of divine anger; the martyr's death of King Smbat; return of the captives and those who fled; information about developments beginning from the year 358 of the Armenian Era [A.D. 909]. Chapter 39. Concerning the episcopacy of Tat'ev, the blessed Cross and other holy things; and about the succession of patriarchs. Chapter 40. Concerning Lord Sagho'mo'n and the legacy given to the holy Church during his tenure. Chapter 41. Concerning Lord Yovhanne's, bishop of Siwnik'; the construction of the great cathedral church at the episcopate in Tat'ev, and other construction works. Chapter 42. Regarding the legacies given by kings and princes to the church and to the patriarchs; and about the monastery's boundaries, [information] which we found written on parchment and stamped with the royal signet ring. Chapter 43. [Deed] describing the borders of Tat'ev. Chapter 44. Concerning the destruction by earthquake of Xotakerats' [Vegetarians'] monastery, called Karkop' and its rebuilding by Lady Shushan and Lord Yovhanne's. Chapter 45. The construction of Yovhannavank' by Dzagik's son, Vahan. Chapter 46. Concerning the priest, Lord Ge'org, who was the son of the prince of Siwnik'. Chapter 47. Regarding the building of Noravank' in the district of Bghe'n. Chapter 48. About the destruction of Ts'uraberd and anathemas against its rebuilding. Chapter 49. The death of Lord Yovhanne's and the succession of Lord Yakob and the addition to the church's legacy in his day. Chapter 50. Construction of a church and monastery in the district of Vayots' Dzor by Lord Yakob and Prince Smbat. Regarding the blessed Mamas. Volume 2 Chapter 51. Concerning the legacies given to the blessed church of Tat'ev by means of Bishop Yakob.
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