General Studies
Paper#1- Sectional Paper#1
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1
Time Allowed: 2 HoursMaximum Marks: 200
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Write anything else on the Test Booklet.
4. This Test Booklet contains 150 items (questions). Each item is printed only in English. Each item comprises four responses (answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the Answer Sheet. In case you feel that there is more than one correct response, mark the response which you consider the best. In any case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.
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10. Penalty for wrong answers:
THERE WILL BE PENALTY FOR WRONG ANSWERS MARKED BY A CANDIDATE IN THE OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTION PAPERS.
(i) There are four alternatives for the answer to every question. For each question for which a wrong answer has been given by the candidate, one-third of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as penalty.
(ii) If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the given answers happens to be correct and there will be same penalty as above to that question.
(iii) If a question is left blank, i.e., no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that question.
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1
ANCIENT INDIA
Stone Age
1. The place in India where all the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic sites are found is
A. Mehargarh
B. Belan Valley
C. Bhimbetka
D. Inamgaon
Ans. B
Explanation: Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic cultures are found in sequence at Belan Valley. Belan Valley is situated on the northern Spurs of the Vindhyas.
2. Fossil of dog is found at
A. Burzahom
B. Navdatoli
C. Eran
D. Daimabad
Ans. A
Explanation: Unique burial methods were seen during Neolithic age. A fossil of dog was found at Burzahom. Dog burials were seen here. Burzahom means the place of bridge.
3. The use of hand axes, cleavers and choppers are characteristic feature of
A. Lower Paleolithic Age
B. Middle Paleolithic Age
C. Upper Paleolithic Age
D. Mesolithic age
Ans. A
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Explanation: The lower Paleolithic or the early old stone age covers the greater part of the ice age. Its characteristic feature is the use of hand axes, cleavers and choppers. Stone tools were used mainly for shopping, digging and skinning. The early Old Stone Age sites are found in the valley of river Soan in Punjab which is now in Pakistan. The lower Paleolithic tools have also been found in the Belan valley in Mirzapur district in Uttar Pradesh.
4. Earliest evidences for the domestication of animals what found in
A. Bagor
B. Belan Valley
C. Bhimbetka
D. Mehrgarh
Ans. A
Explanation: Azamgarh in Madhya Pradesh and Bagor in Rajasthan provide the earliest evidence for the domestication of animals, which could be around 5000 B.C.
5. The earliest Homo species of Indian subcontinent was found at
A. Bori Valley
B. Sohan Valley
C. Krishna Valley
D. Narmada Valley
Ans. D
Explanation: Narmada man or Narmada human is the earliest Homo species of Indian subcontinent. This fossil was found on banks of Narmada River in Hathnora village of Madhya Pradesh in 1982.
6. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Site) ( Age) a. Krishna Valley 1. Chalcolithic b. Adamgarh 2. Neolithic c. Guftral 3. Mesolithic
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 d. Ahar 4. Paleolithic
Code :
a b c d
A. 4 3 2 1
B. 4 1 3 2
C. 3 4 2 1
D. 2 3 1 4
Ans. A
Explanation: In context of Indian subcontinent, Stone age is divided into a Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic and Chalcolithic age. The timeline of these ages is overlapping because the ages started at different places at different times.
7. Assertion (A) : The Chalcolithic people used only the copper objects.
Reason (R) : Indian settlements belonging to the Chalcolithic phase are found in South-eastern Rajasthan, western part of Madhya Pradesh, Western Maharashtra and in Southern and Eastern India.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: The Chalcolithic people used stones and copper objects but they also occasionally used low-grade bronze. They were primarily rural communities spread over a wide area in those parts of the country where hilly land and rivers were available.
8. Assertion (A) : Iron age in Prehistoric India is contemporary to Megalithic Burials.
Reason (R) : Chalcolithic communities founded the first villages in India and cultivated far more cereals than is known in the case of the Neolithic community.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
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A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: The Chalcolithic communities cultivated Barley, wheat and planting in western India and rice in Southern and Eastern India. Their cereal food was supplemented by non vegetarian food.
9. Consider the following statements regarding the evolution of different stages of stone age in Indian subcontinent?
1. Around 12000 years ago the human being collected the grains as food and learnt where they grew.
2. The beginning of the Neolithic age dates back to 10,000 years ago.
3. People were familiar with the use of fire in Paleolithic age.
4. Domestication of animals started in Mesolithic age.
Which of the statement given above is / are correct?
A. Only 1
B. 1, 3 and 4
C. 2, 3 and 4
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. D
Explanation: Around 12000 years ago as the climate is becoming a little warm, this leads to the development of grasslands including several grain bearing grasses like wheat, Barley and rice, which grew naturally in different parts of the world. Early human started collecting these grains as food and learnt where they grow and when they riped. This may have led them to think about growing plants on their own and starting of farming practices. Traces of ash have been found in Kurnool caves, which is a Paleolithic site, this suggests that Paleolithic people were familiar with the use of fire. Domestication of animals was one major change during Mesolithic age as compared to Lifestyle of Paleolithic people.
10. Which of the following is / are Neolithic sites in prehistoric India?
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1. Hunsgi
2. Chirand
3. Inamgaon
4. Burzahom
Select the correct answer using the code given below
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 3 and 4
Ans. C
Explanation: Burzahom archaeological site is located in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Bone tools, stone tools and pottery from the Neolithic period and megalithic period were discovered here. There are also several dwellings and burial pits from the Neolithic period. Chirand is an archaeological site in the Saran district of Bihar situated on the northern Bank of the Ganga river.
Indus Valley Civilization
11. Which of the following Indus Valley Civilization site is located on the Tropic of Cancer?
A. Chanhudaro
B. Lothal
C. Dholavira
D. Mohenjo Daro
Ans. C
Explanation: Dholavira is situated in Kutch district of Gujarat on Khadir Byet Island in the Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary in the Great Rann of Kutch. It is located on the Tropic of Cancer. The Citadel of Dholavira is built of stone and is a monumental work and most impressive among the Harappan citadels discovered so far.
12. Evidence of of horse was founded which of the following Harappan sites
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A. Surkotada
B. Balochistan in Afghanistan
C. Kali bangan
D. Belan Valley
Ans. A
Explanation: Horse evidences were found at Surkotada. Horse were found in 2000 B.C.
13. Which one of the following animals was not represented on seals and Terracotta art of the Harappan culture?
A. Cow
B. Elephant
C. Rhinoceros
D. Tiger
Ans. A
Explanation: one horned Unicorn (bull) was the most commonly represented animal on the seals. It is also the most important animal to be worshipped. It is identical with Rhinoceros.
14. The Terracotta plough of the Harappan civilization was found at
A. Mohenjo Daro
B. Banawali
C. Kali bangan
D. Lothal
Ans. B
Explanation: Banawali is an archaeological site belonging to Indus Valley Civilization period in Fatehabad district of Haryana and is located about 120 km North East of Kalibangan. It is located on the left banks of dried up Saraswati river.
15. The use of lime and costly burnt bricks instead of Sun dried bricks by the Indus valley people for construction purposes is a proof of
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A. A moist climate on account of the close proximity of the Civilization to the river valleys
B. Advanced technology
C. Better planning
D. Knowledge of the manufacture of the lime
Ans. A
Explanation: burnt bricks were used in construction of buildings in Harappa.
16. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Harrapan Site) ( River) a. Kalibangan 1. Ravi b. Lothal 2. Indus c. Chanhudaro 3. Ghagghar d. Harappa 4. Bhogwa
Code :
a b c d
A. 4 3 2 1
B. 4 1 3 2
C. 3 4 2 1
D. 2 3 1 4
Ans. C
Explanation: Self explanatory.
17. Assertion (A) : The first modern accounts of the ruins of the Indus Civilization are those of Alexander Cunningham.
Reason (R) : Marbles, balls and dice were used for games in Indus Valley Civilization.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: The first modern accounts of the ruins of the Indus civilization are those of Charles Masson.
18. Assertion (A) : The Harappan script is mainly pictographic.
Reason (R) : There are nearly 4,000 specimens of Harappan writing on stones seals and other objects.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: Specimen of Harappan script was noticed in 1853 and the complete script was discovered by 1923 but it has not been deciphered so far.
19. Consider the following statements
1. Post urban phase of Harappan culture was between 1900 to 1200 BC.
2. Important sites of late Harappan culture include Alamgirpur and Hulas in Saharanpur Uttar Pradesh.
3. Fish hooks and spearheads are some of the important tools of this period.
4. Faience went out of fashion during this time.
Which of the above statements is / are correct
A. 1 and 3
B. 1 2 and 3
C. 2 and 4
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D. 1 2 3 and 4
Ans. D
Explanation: Post Urban phase of Harappan culture was earlier considered as Post Harappan culture but now it is more popularly known as late Harappan culture.
20. Consider the following statements regarding the effects of Harappan Civilization in Modern era.
1. House plans, disposition of water supply and attention to bathing have survived till today.
2. The techniques of making a Potter's wheel is similar to those used by the Harappans.
3. The political system of recent time is similar to those from Harappan political system.
Which of the above is / are correct?
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. Only 2
D. Only 1
Ans. A
Explanation: There is no clear idea about the political organisation of the Indus valley people. Perhaps the Indus valley people were more concerned with commerce and a class of merchants ruled them. It is deciphered that there was an organisation like Municipal Corporation to look after the Civic amenities of the people.
Vedic Culture
21. The game of dice was a part of the ritual of
A. Agnistoma
B. Ashvamedha
C. Rajasuya
D. Vajapeya
Ans. C
Explanation: Dicing has a special significance as it is connected with myths and rituals because dicing involved uncertainty and it is considered for fortune. The game is representation of the challenges
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 that a king must endure during his reign. The game of dice was made a part of rituals of Rajsuya Yagya.
22. Geeta Rahasya which was a book on the Origin of Aryans was written by
A. Dayanand Saraswati
B. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
C. Patanjali
D. Dadabhai naoroji
Ans. B
Explanation: Geeta Rahasya was written by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak. The book was written at the end of 1898 what was first published in March 1903 in Pune. It propounded the theory that the North pole was the original home of Aryans during pre glacial period which they had to leave due to ice melting around 8,000 BC and had to migrate to the northern parts of Europe and Asia in search of lands for new settlement.
23. An Inscription of 1400 B.C which describes the Vedic Gods was found in Asia Minor at
A. Cilicia
B. Boghaz Koi
C. Hitti
D. Euphratide
Ans. B
Explanation: Boghaz Koi inscriptions mentions four Vedic Gods Indra, Varun, Mitra and Nasatya. It proves Central Asian theory of Aryans as their homeland. It is believed that the group that came to India first settled in the present Frontier province and the Punjab then called Sapta Sindhu which is region of seven rivers.
24. Which of the following areas was the centre of Aryan activities in the later Vedic period?
A. The Aryavarta
B. From the Yamuna to The Western border of Bengal
C. The Punjab and Delhi region
D. Uttarapatha
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Ans. D
Explanation: Uttarapath is a Sanskrit word which is used to denote the geographical regions of North India, Western India, Central India, Eastern India, Northeast India, Pakistan , Bangladesh and Nepal in just one term.
25. River Chenab was known by which of the following names during the vedic period
A. Askini
B. Parushni
C. Shutudri
D. Vitasta
Ans. A
Explanation: The river Chenab was known in the vedic period as Chandrabhaga and also as Askini or Iskmati and as Acesines to the Ancient Greeks.
26. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Theorist) ( Proposed place of origin of the Aryans) a. Max Muller 1. Germany plains b. Dayanand Saraswati 2. Tibet c. Saptah Sindhu 3. Central Asia d. Prof. Penka Sheart 4. A. C. Das
Code :
a b c d
A. 1 4 2 3
B. 4 1 3 2
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. C
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Explanation: there are various theories regarding the ancestry of Aryans. The subject matter of the original home of Aryans attracted many Scholars to present their views but all the opinions given by them became a matter of discussions.
27. Assertion (A) : At around 1000 BC, the complete Vedic society was revolutionized and enable them to lead a settled life.
Reason (R) : There was discovery of a new metal which was iron.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: After the discovery of iron, weapons and agricultural tools were made out of it which were much stronger than those of copper.
28. Assertion (A) : Samveda consists of musical hymes which could be sung.
Reason (R) : Most of the hymns were taken from Yajur Veda.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: Most of the musical hymns present in Samveda were taken from Rig Veda itself. Rig Veda was composed completely in poetic form. Yajur Veda consists of rituals of sacrifices and Yajna.
29. With respect to the political Organisation in the vedic period which of the following statements is / are correct?
1. The term Visu is synonymous with the village during the vedic period.
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2. Bharata was a tribal Kingdom during the vedic period.
3. Sabha was a General Assembly of the entire population.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
A. 1 and 2
B. Only 2
C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: Visu was a large unit of administration consisting of a group of villagers. It was headed by Vishyapati. The highest political unit was called Jana or tribe. Sabha was a Council of the elders and Samiti was a General Assembly of the entire people.
30. Consider the following statements about vedic and later Vedic period.
1. The condition of women was the same during the vedic and the later Vedic period.
2. The later Vedic period saw a rise in the extent of kingdoms as opposed to the Rig Vedic period.
3. The prominence of Indira faded during the later Vedic period and instead importance was given to Prajapati.
4. The pattern of social system or Varna continued as it is from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 4
B. 2 and 3
C. 3 and 4
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. B
Explanation: During the vedic period, women were given equal opportunities as men for their spiritual and intellectual development. Apala, Viswavara, Ghosa and Lopamudra were few women poetess during the Rig Vedic period. There was no child marriage and practice of Sati during Rig Vedic period. However the position of women declined while transition to the later Vedic period as the society become more patriarchal. The social divisions were not rigid during the Rig Vedic period
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 as it was in the later Vedic period. The four divisions of society or the Varna system into Brahmins, Kshatriya, Vaishya and shudras was thoroughly established during the later Vedic period.
Jainism and Buddhism
31. The Bodhisattva doctrine is associated with
A. Mahayana Buddhism
B. Hinayana Buddhism
C. Vajrayana Buddhism
D. Theravada Buddhism
Ans. D
Explanation: In the early Buddhist schools as well as modern Theravada Buddhism, a Bodhisattva doctrine and refers to anyone who has made a resolution to become a buddha and has also received the confirmation or prediction from a living buddha that this will be so.
32. Who among the following was the founder Ajvika Sect?
A. Makkali Gosala
B. Mahavira
C. Vasudeva Krishna
D. Suddhodana
Ans. A
Explanation: Ajvika Sect was an ascetic sect that emerged in India about the same time as Buddhism and Jainism and lasted until the 14th century. It was founded by Makkali Gosala.
33. Who among the following was king of Magadh at the time of Mahaparinirvan of Gautam Buddh?
A. Bimbisara
B. Udayi
C. Ajatshatru
D. Chandragupt Maurya
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Ans. C
Explanation: Ajatshatru was the king of Magadh at the time of mahaparinirvan of Gautam Buddha.
34. The doctrine of Karma in Buddhism means
A. Predestination
B. The justification for social and economic inequalities in life
C. The deeds of a person determine the state of his life
D. Doing one's duty without bothering about the result.
Ans. C
Explanation: The doctrine of Karma implies that one person's Karma cannot have an effect on another person's future. Doctrine of Karma in Buddhism states that each Karma or deed or action produces its reaction or effect.
35. Which among the following is not a part of early Jain literature?
A. Therigatha
B. Acarangasutra
C. Sutrakritanga
D. Brihatkalpasutra
Ans. A
Explanation: Therigatha is not a part of early Jains literature. The Therigatha is a Buddhist scripture, a collection of short poems supposedly recited by early members of the Buddhist Sangha in India around 600 BC.
36. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Tirthankar) ( Birth Place) a. Rishabhanatha 1. Kashi b. Sambhavnath 2. Kaushambi c. Padmanabha 3. Saravasti
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Code :
a b c d
A. 1 4 2 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. B
Explanation: There are 24 Jain Tirthankars, of which first was Adinath or Rishabhanatha whose birth place was Ayodhya and 24th was Mahavira whose birth place was Kundapura.
37. Assertion (A) : Nagarjunakonda stupa is very important in Buddhism.
Reason (R) : It illustrates episodes from the life of Buddha and has unique representation of the forest animals in a manner which looks as if the entire animal world turned out to worship the Buddha.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: Nagarjunakonda is named after the renowned Buddhist monk Nagarjuna who imparted his summons over here. Nagarjunakonda was the capital of Ikshvaku kingdom and was called Vijayapuri.
38. Assertion (A) : According to Buddhism, Karma is universal which is a result of one's own action.
Reason (R) : According to Jainism, Karma substance is not eliminated even by good conduct and self purification.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: Jainism also believes in the universality of Karma and its effect on human beings but unlike Buddhism, according to Jainism, Karma is not a mere effects of one's own actions but a real substance that flows into each individual body. This karmic substance remains with a being until good conduct and self purification eliminates them.
39. Consider the following statements.
1. Both Nalanda and Vikramshila were residential universities.
2. The rise of Bhagwatism is considered as the cause of the decline in Buddhism.
3. Buddhist literature was written in Pali and Sanskrit simultaneously.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
A. 1 and 2
B. Only 2
C. 2 and 3
D. Only 3
Ans. A
Explanation: The use of Pali and Sanskrit was not simultaneous. The use of Pali, which was the language of the masses, as the language of Buddhism, was given up from the 1st century A.D. Instead the Buddhists began to adopt Sanskrit which was the language of the elite.
40. With respect to Jainism consider the following statements.
1. Jainism was patronised by the Chola chalukyas and rashtrakutas
2. A group of Jain monks led by Bhadrabagu shifted to Shravana Belgola in Karnataka as a result of serious famines in gangetic Valley.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
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C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 Nor 2
Ans. B
Explanation: Jainism was not patronised by the Chola Kings.
Emergence of Mahajanapad and Magadh
41. Which one of the following Janapadas was the Republican state in 6th century BC?
A. Kosala
B. Anga
C. Mayadha
D. Vajji
Ans. D
Explanation: Vajji Janapada was Republican state in 6th century BC. Its capital was Vaishali. The Vajji Republic was ruled by a confederation of eight clans of whom the Brij is, the Lichchhavi, the Jnatrikass and the Videhas were the most important.
42. In the 6th century BC suktimati was the capital of
A. Panchal
B. Kuru
C. Chedi
D. Avanti
Ans. C
Explanation: Chedi Kingdom was one among the many kingdoms that ruled during early periods by Paurava kings in the central and western India. Suktimati was the capital of Chedi.
43. The capital of Magadha was shifted from Rajgriha to
A. Patliputra
B. Ujjaini
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C. Varanasi
D. Kannauj
Ans. A
Explanation: The capital of Magadha was shifted from Rajgriha to Patliputra.
44. Where did the 16 Janapadas were mentioned?
A. Buddhist scripts
B. Brahmanas
C. Aryanakas
D. Jaina scriptures
Ans. D
Explanation: The Bhagwati Sutra which was a sutra of Jainism gives a different list of 16 Mahajanapadas.
45. Which among the following Mahajanapadas was a confederacy of eight republican clans?
A. Vatsa
B. Magadha
C. Vajji
D. Malla
Ans. C
Explanation: Vajji was a confederacy of eight republican clans.
46. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( King) ( Kingdom) a. Pradyota 1. Magadha b. Udayana 2. Vatsa c. Prasenjit 3. Avanti
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Code :
Code :
a b c d
A. 1 4 2 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. C
Explanation: Self Explanatory.
47. Assertion (A) : The pillar art of the Maurya period was an independently and indigenously developed art and not an extension of the Iranian art as told by early British historians.
Reason (R) : Mauryans introduced stone masonry on a wide scale in form of pillars and palaces.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: The remains of pillars of Mauryan period show high technical skill attained by the mauryan artisans in polishing the stone pillars which shines like those Northern black polished ware.
48. Assertion (A) : Anga and Magadh were located in the wheat growing area of the gangetic valley.
Reason (R) : In agricultural output rice exceeded wheat leading to a greater density of population in the rice growing area.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
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C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: In agricultural output wheat exceeded rice leading to a greater density of population in the wheat growing area.
49. Arrange the following Magadha dynasties in the chronological order.
1. Nandas
2. Sungas
3. Mauryas
4. Haryanks
Codes:
A. 2, 1, 4, 3
B. 3, 2, 1, 4
C. 1, 3, 4, 2
D. 4, 1, 3, 2
Ans. D
Explanation: Magadh dynasty was founded by the Haryanks in 600 BC, whose capital was at Rajagriha and later moved to Patliputra near the present day Patna. This dynasty lasted until 424 BC when it was overthrown by the Shishunaga dynasty.
50. Arrange the following mahajanapada moving from west to east in the correct order.
1. Avanti
2. Magadha
3. Matsya
4. Kosala
Codes:
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 1, 3, 4, 2
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C. 1, 3, 2, 4
D. 1, 4, 3, 2
Ans. B
Explanation: Mahajanapadas west to east are Avanti, Matsya, Kosala and Magadh. There were many states of Aryans in North India, around the 6th century BC. These states were callef the Mahajanapadas. There were 16 such mahajanapadas which literally means 'Great Kingdom'.
The Mauryan Empire
51. Who of the following officers were charged with superintendence of women?
A. Dhamma - mahamattas
B. Ithijhakha - mahamattas
C. Anta - mahamattas
D. Antahpur - adhyakshas
Ans. B
Explanation: Ithijhakha - mahamattas were charged with superintendence of women.
52. From which of the following months did the Mauryan fiscal year used to begin?
A. Phagun (March)
B. Asadha (July)
C. Jyestha (June)
D. Pausa-Magha (January-February)
Ans. B
Explanation: Mauryan fiscal year used to begin in July or Asadha.
53. Which of the following was not one of hellenic Kings to whom diplomatic missions were sent by Ashoka?
A. Xerxes of Macedonia
B. Antiochus 2 Theo's of Syria
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C. Ptolemy 2 Philadelphos of Egypt
D. Antigonus Gonatas of Macedonia
Ans. A
Explanation: Xerxes was the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire. Macedonia was an ancient Kingdom in Greek.
54. Which of the following was the contribution of the Mauryas to the Tamil culture?
A. Brahmi script
B. Art of engraving stone inscriptions
C. Prakrit language
D. The art of stone cutting and sculpture
Ans. A
Explanation: Brahmi is the modern name for a writing system of Ancient India. The Brahmi writing system or script appeared as a fully developed universal script in South Asia in the 3rd Century BC.
55. In which of the following major rock edicts does Ashoka introduced the institution of Dhamma mahamatta for the first time?
A. Rock edict II
B. Rock edict III
C. Rock edict IV
D. Rock edict V
Ans. D
Explanation: The edicts of Ashoka are collection of more than 30 inscriptions on the pillar as well as boundaries and caves attributed to Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Empire who reigned from 268 BC to 232 BC.
56. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Province) ( Capital)
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 a. Uttrapatha 1. Suvarnagiri b. Dakshinapatha 2. Takshashila c. Prashi 3. Tosali d. Kalinga 4. Patliputra
Code :
a b c d
A. 2 1 4 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. A
Explanation: The Maurya Empire was divided into provinces and the provinces were divided into districts. Ashoka appointed a representative in each province. The province representatives were chosen for their ability and not on the basis of birth or high connections. They enjoyed considerable freedom in the administration of their provinces.
57. Assertion (A) : Following a path of peace, Ashoka actually revolutionized the role of the king.
Reason (R) : During Ashoka's period the image of a king was seen as that of a warlord.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: Ashoka was not the eldest son of Bindusara but after a bloody struggle he got the throne. In the eighth year of his coronation, Kalinga war was fought in which over 1 lakh people were killed. After seeing such devastation, Ashoka had a change of heart and he gave up policy of waging wars and adopted Dhamma Ghosa which is policy of conquering the hearts of the people or policy of cultural conquest.
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58. Assertion (A) : Sannidhata was the highest officer in charge of assessment of taxes.
Reason (R) : Mauryans considered assessment more important than depositing taxes.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: Sannidhata was the highest officer in charge of assessment of taxes and Samharta was the chief custodian of the state treasury and store house.
59. Consider the following statements
1. Kautilya put forward the idea of Royal absolutism.
2. The Mauryan army also consisted of a Navy wing.
3. The Mauryan Empire was divided into five provinces administered by governors.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
A. 1 and 2
B. Only 2
C. 2 and 3
D. Only 3
Ans. B
Explanation: Kautilya supported the monarchial form of Government and not the royal absolutism. The Maurya Empire was divided into four provinces with the Imperial capital at Pataliputra. These four provincial capitals were Tosali in the East, Ujjain in the west, Swarnagiri in the south and Taxila in the north.
60. Which of the following statements is not true with reference to the production of commercial goods in the Post Mauryan period?
1. Considerable Technological advancement was reached in the production of commercial goods.
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2. Production and distribution of commercial goods was organised effectively through guilds.
3. The producers worked under rigid state control.
4. The guilds used hired labours for production.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. 2 and 3
D. 3 and 4
Ans. A
Explanation: The Post Mauryan period saw remarkable progress made in the crafts of weaving silk and cloth making. Mathura was a great centre of cloth making.
The Sangam Age
61. Which of the following is the earliest of the the Tamil literature
A. Tolkappiyam
B. Padienenkilkanakku
C. Ettutogai
D. Pattupattu
Ans. A
Explanation: Tolkappiyam authored by Tolkappiyar is the earliest of the Tamil literature. It is a work on Tamil grammar but it provides information on the political and social economic conditions of the Sangam period.
62. Which of the following practices did not exist during the Sangam age?
A. Slavery
B. Sati
C. Ritualistic marriage
D. Courtesans
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Ans. A
Explanation: Slavery does not exist during the Sangam age.
63. Who among the following was known as 'Diety of forest' during Sangam age?
A. Kadurai
B. Korravai
C. Varalis
D. Panar
Ans. A
Explanation: Korravai is Goddess of victory, Varalis is dancing girls and Panar is term used for birds during Sangam Age.
64. Which of the following terms is used for captain of the army during Sangam age?
A. Purohitar
B. Orrar
C. Enadi
D. Vellalar
Ans. C
Explanation: Purohitar was priest, Orrar was spy and Vellalar were rich presents during Sangam age.
65. Thinai concept during the Sangam age is related to which of the following?
A. Ecological zones
B. Administrative divisions
C. water conservation
D. None of the above
Ans. A
Explanation: According to Thinai concept, Tamilagam was divided into five landscapes or eco-regions and each region has distinct characteristics in terms of preceding diety, people and cultural life according to the environmental conditions.
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66. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Authors) ( Work) a. Hemchandra 1. Dvyasraya Kavya b. Jayanka 2. Navasahshan Charita c. Padmagupta 3. Prithviraja Vijaya d. Sandhyakar Nandi 4. Rama Charitra
Code :
a b c d
A. 2 1 4 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. D
Explanation: Samrat Hemchandra Vikramaditya was the Hindu emperor of North India during the 16th century A.D. The Prithviraj Vijay is a contemporary account of the 12th century Kingdom of Ajmer ruled by the Chauhan Clan. Sandhyakar Nandi wrote the Epic poem Rama Charitra.
67. Assertion (A) : internal trade of Sangam period was based on the barter system.
Reason (R) : external trade was carried between south India and Sri Lanka.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: External trade during Sangam period was carried out between South India and the Greek kingdoms. The port city of Puhar became an emporium of foreign trade and main exports
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 include cotton fabrics, Ivory products, pearls, precious stones and Spices like pepper, Ginger, cardamom, Cinnamon and turmeric.
68. Assertion (A) : Advanced farming during the Sangam age remained absolutely confined to small pockets of wetland in the valleys of Kaveri, Badhai, tamraparni and periyar without any remarkable progress till the seventh and eighth centuries.
Reason (R) : Setting fire to standing crops and destination of settlements was common during the Sangam age.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: Agriculture was chief occupation during Sangam age and the common crop was rice. Jackfruit and Pepper were famous in the Chehra country. Other crops include ragi, sugarcane, cotton, pepper, ginger, turmeric, cinnamon and a variety of fruits.
69. Arrange the following rulers in two sequential order and select the answer using the codes given below.
1. Rajaraja Chola 1st
2. Aditya Chola
3. Rajendra Chola
4. Parantaka Chola 1st
Codes:
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 2, 4, 1, 3
C. 1, 2, 4, 3
D. 2, 1, 3, 4
Ans. B
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Explanation: Chola Kingdom was established in ninth century by Vijaypal.
70. Consider the following statements about Sangam literature.
1. Muvenders refer to the three crowned kingdoms of the Cheras, the Cholas and the Pallavas.
2. The Cholas controlled the Kaveri Delta area.
3. Muziri and Tondi were the ports under the control of the Pallavas.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. Only 2
B. 1 and 2
C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. A
Explanation: Muvenders were the three ruling families known from the Sangam literature. Muvenders refer to the three crowned kingdoms of the Cheras, the Cholas and the Pandyas. Muziri and Tondi were the ports which were under the control of the Cheras rulers.
Gupta Period
71. Which Gupta ruler repair the Sudarshan Lake constructed by Chandragupta Maurya?
A. Kumar Gupta First
B. Samudragupta
C. Bhanu Gupta
D. Skandagupta Gupta
Ans. D
Explanation: Sudarshan Lake is located in the middle of a hill called Girnar in Gujarat. This lake was constructed by the order of Chandragupta Maurya by the Governor Pushyagupta Vaishya appointed in Girnar.
72. Which book is considered as the Gupta equivalent of Kautilya's Arthashastra?
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A. Nitisara
B. Amarakosha
C. Mudrarakshasa
D. Malavikagnimitra
Ans. A
Explanation: Nitisara by Kamandalu, is an ancient book narrating the elements of polity and statecraft. It was written during Gupta period.
73. The Silver coins issued by the Guptas were called
A. Rupaka
B. Karshapana
C. Dinara
D. Pana
Ans. A
Explanation: The Silver coins issued by the Guptas were called Rupaka.
74. The royal seal of the Guptas bore the Emblem of
A. Nandi
B. Garud
C. Lion
D. Tiger
Ans. B
Explanation: The royal seal of the Guptas bore the Emblem of Garud.
75. Who was the author of Mandasore inscription?
A. Veersena
B. Harisena
C. Vatsabhatta
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D. Banabhatta
Ans. A
Explanation:Veersena who was the author of of Mandasore inscription. This inscription is about Bandhuverma at Mandasore. The Silk workers had constructed a Sun temple here which was repaired by Bandhuverma in 493 AD.
76. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Dynasty) ( State) a. Kadamba 1. Odisha b. Kharvela 2. Karnataka c. Chalukya 3. Bengal d. Pala 4. Gujarat
Code :
a b c d
A. 2 1 4 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 2 4 1
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. A
Explanation: The Kadamba dynasty was the majestic dynasty of Karnataka that ruled from Vaijayanti in present day Uttara Kannada district. Kharvela was the third and greatest emperor of the Mahameghavahana dynasty of Kalinga which is present day Odisha. The main source of information about Kharvela is his famous rock-cut Hathigumpha inscription in a cave in the Udayagiri Hills near Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The Chalukya Dynasty was a powerful Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of Southern and Central India between 6th and the 12th century A.D. Pala dynasty which was ruling dynasty in Bihar and Bengal ruled from 8th to the 12th century. Its founder was Gopala.
77. Assertion (A) : Brother of Pulakesin II, Kubja- Vishnuvardhana founded the kingdom of Chalukyas of Vengi.
Reason (R) : The Aihole inscription in Sanskrit is written for Pulakesin II by the poet Ravikirti.
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In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: Pulakesin II was the contemporary ruler of Harshavardhana and was the most famous Chalukya king. He ruled from 609 to 642 A.D.
78. Assertion (A) : During the Gupta period there was a rise in feudalism.
Reason (R) : Guptas like Satvahanas, paid the officers in the form of land.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: This was the first time in history when officers were paid in the form of land. Satvahanas granted land to priests but not to the officers. The post of some ministers and officers was also hereditary during Gupta period.
79. With reference to the Gupta ruler Chandragupta II, consider the following statements.
1. He patronized Scholars like Dhanvantri and Amarsimha.
2. Chinese Traveller Hiuen Tsang visited India during his reign.
3. The successors of Chandragupta II had to face an invasion by the Hunas from Central Asia.
which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. Only 1
B. 1 and 3
C. 1 and 2
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D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: The reign of Chandragupta II also known as Vikramaditya saw the great period of the Gupta Empire. His court at Ujjain was adorned by numerous scholars called the Navratnas or nine gems. Amarsimha was a Sanskrit lexicographer and a poet while Dhanvantari was a great physician in his court. During his time Chinese Traveller Fa-Hien visited India. Hiuen Tsang visited India during the rule of Emperor Harshavardhana.
80. With reference to the Gupta period consider the following statements.
1. In the Gupta period Bhagavatism or Vaishnavism overshadowed Mahayana Buddhism.
2. Nalanda became a centre of Buddhist education.
3. In this period land taxes decreased in number and those on trade and commerce increased.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. Only 3
D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. A
Explanation: Buddhism no longer received royal patronage in the Gupta period as Vaishnavism overshadowed Mahayana Buddhism by the Gupta period. However some stupas and viharas were constructed and the Nalanda became a centre of Buddhist education. It was founded by the Gupta Emperor Kumargupta. During the Gupta period land taxes increased in number and those on Trade and Commerce decreased.
Harshvardhana and India after Harshvardhana
81. What is depicted on the reverse side of old coins attributed to Harshvardhana?
A. Avalokiteshvara
B. Star
C. Sun
D. Lord Shiv Parvati
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Ans. D
Explanation: Gold coins attributed to Harsha depicted on the reverse image of Shiv Parvati. The Gupta period is considered the golden age of classical India.
82. Harshvardhana had assumed the title of
A. Parama - Bhagavata
B. Parama - Maheshwara
C. Parama - Saugata
D. Parama - Adityabhah
Ans. B
Explanation: Harshvardhan had assumed the title of Parama - Maheshwara.
83. Rath temples at Mahabalipuram were built in the reign of which Pallava ruler?
A. Mahendraverman
B. Narsimhaverman 1st
C. Parmeshwarverman
D. Nandiverman 1st
Ans. B
Explanation: Rath temples of Mahabalipuram were built in the reign of Narsimhaverman 1st. There are about nine Monolithic temples at Mahabalipuram. They are the unique contribution of the Pallavas to Indian art.
84. Who among the following was the last ruler of Pratihara dynasty?
A. Nagabhatta
B. Vijayalaya
C. Simhavishnu
D. Rajyapala
Ans. D
Explanation: Rajyapala was the last ruler of Pratihara dynasty.
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85. Who among the following was the son of Dhanga who gave resistance to Muhammad Ghazni?
A. Jayapala
B. Anandapala
C. Rajyapala
D. Ganda-deva
Ans. D
Explanation: Dhanga also known as Dhanga Deva in inscriptions was a king of the Chandela dynasty of India. He ruled in the Jejakabhukti region.
86. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Rajput names) ( Clan) a. Parihara 1. Kathivada b. Chauhans 2. Indore c. Solankis 3. Southern Rajasthan d. Pawaras 4. Eastern Rajasthan
Code :
a b c d
A. 2 1 4 3
B. 4 3 2 1
C. 3 4 1 2
D. 1 3 2 4
Ans. C
Explanation: The four Agnikul Rajput Clans include the Parihara, the Chauhans, the Solankis and the Panwars. These four clans dominated early Rajput activities.
87. Assertion (A) : The king of Bengal, Shashank chopped off the Bodhi tree.
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Reason (R) : Shashank was defeated by Rajyavardhan who was brother of Harsha Vardhan to take revenge.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: Shashank was defeated by Harshavardhan to take revenge of death of his elder brother rajyavardhan who was killed by Shashank. Harshvardhan belonged to Pushyabhati Dynasty.
88. Assertion (A) : 'Harshacharitra' which was the first biography ever written in India.
Reason (R) : 'Harshacharitra' which was biography of Harsha was written by Banbhhata.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: 'Harshacharitra' is the first biography of an Indian king but the first biography ever written in India is that of Buddha.
89. Consider the following statements about Hiuen Tsang.
1. He is the author of Si-Yu-Ki or 'Record of the Western countries'.
2. He traveled to Assam and Tamilnadu.
3. According to him, law and order prevailed throughout Harshavardhana's Empire.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. 1 and 2
B. Only 1
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C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. D
Explanation: Hiuen Tsang visited India during the reign of Harshavardhana. He became a Buddhist monk at the age of 20. During his travel he visited various sacred places of Northern and southern India. He spent about five years in the University of Nalanda and studied their. He visited Kamarupa during the reign of Bhaskara Varmana.
90. Who among the following was / were the contemporary / contemporaries of Harshavardhana?
1. Jinsaena
2. Ravikirti
3. Rajashekhar
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. 1 and 2
D. 1 2 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: Harshvardhana ruled between 606 and 647 AD. Jinsaena was one of the several famous Digambara acharyas during 8th century AD. Rajshekhar was an eminent Sanskrit poet and dramatist. He was the court poet of the Gurjar Pratiharas during 880 and 920 AD. the Aihole inscription was written by Ravikirti who was the court poet of the Chalukya king Pulakeshi II between 610 to 642 AD.
Early Medieval India
91. The Sun temple of Konark was built by Narasimha Dev first. He belong to which of the following dynasty?
A. Somavamsi dynasty
C. Suryavanshi gajapati dynasty
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D. Bhoi dynasty
Ans. B
Explanation: The Konark Sun Temple was built by the king Narsimha Dev first from the eastern Ganga Dynasty between 1238 to 1250 AD. The temple was commissioned by the king but Samantaraya Mahapatra was the one in charge of its construction.
92. The Chola ruler who conquested Sri Lanka was;
A. Vijayalaya first
B. Raja Raja first
C. Rajendra first
D. Parantaka first
Ans. C
Explanation: Rajendra Chola first was a Tamil Chola emperor of South India and North India and he captured South Asian countries like Sri Lanka, Maldives, Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
93. In mediaeval India, the designation 'Mahattara' and 'Pattakila' were used for
A. Military officers
B. Village headman
C. Specialist in vedic rituals
D. Chief of craft guilds
Ans. B
Explanation: The designation 'Mahattara' and 'Pattakila' were used for Village headman.
94. Which Rashtrakuta king composed the work 'Kavirajamarga', 'Ratnamalika' and Passanotaramalika'?
A. Amoghavarsa I
B. Krishna I
C. Indra III
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D. Krishna III
Ans. A
Explanation: Amoghavarsha first was a Rashtrakuta emperor and one of the greatest ruler of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. His reign of 64 years is one of the longest precisely dated monarchial reigns on record.
95. The Uttaramerur inscription belonged to the reign of
A. Parantaka I
B. Krishna I
C.Rajendra I
D. Mahipala
Ans. A
Explanation: Parantaka I was the Chola monarch of 10th century.
96. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Philosophy) ( Founder) a. Nyaya 1. Ulka Kanada b. Samkhya 2. Kapila Muni c. Vaiseshika 3. Gautama d. Mimamsa 4. Jaimini
Code :
a b c d
A. 3 2 1 4
B. 4 3 1 2
C. 4 3 2 1
D. 3 1 2 4
Ans. A
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Explanation: self-explanatory
97. Assertion (A) : The period between 700 and 1200 AD was known for tripartite struggle.
Reason (R) : The three kingdoms of Palas, Rashtrakutas and Chahamanas were in constant struggle to acquire control over Kannauj.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: The three Kingdoms of Gurjara Pratiharas, Palas and Rashtrakutas were in constant struggle to acquire control over Kannauj.
98. Assertion (A) : The early medieval period has been characterized by certain historians as regional Imperial Kingdom.
Reason (R) : There was naturalization of economy and subjection of the peasantry during early medieval period.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: The early medieval period is marked by the presence of a large number of regional and local powers in the absence of a Paramount power in the country.
99. Arrange the following in chronological order
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2. Brihadeshwara Temple
3. Konark Sun Temple
4. Hoyasalesvara Temple
Codes:
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 2, 3, 1, 4
C. 4, 3, 2, 1
D. 2, 4, 1, 3
Ans. D
Explanation: self-explanatory
100. Consider the following statements about Chalukyas.
1. Pulakesin II defeated the Vishnukundins of Andhra delta and later allowed Vishnuvardhana to form a Kingdom there.
2. Pulakesin II performed a horse sacrifice.
3. The Chalukyas became a sovereign power under Pulakesin first.
4. From Vishnuvardhana reign began the line of Western Chalukyas.
Which of the above statements are not correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 3
D. 2 and 4
Ans. D
Explanation: Pulakesin I performed the horse sacrifice like Vishnuvardhana.Pulakesin I who was the first independent ruler of Badami with vatapi in Bijapur at its capital.
Delhi Sultanat
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101. Universities of Nalanda and Vikramshila were destroyed by which of the following Turkish invaders?
A. Qutubuddin Aibak
B. Bakhtiyaar Khilji
C. Mohammed Ghazni
D. Alam Shah
Ans. B
Explanation: Nalanda and Vikramshila who were the two most important centres of learning in India during the Pala Empire. But in 1193 Army led by the Turkish leader Bakhtiyar Khilji, who was the general of Qutubuddin Aibak destroyed them.
102. Which of the following title was assumed by Balban?
A. Tute- Hind
B. Kaisr-i- Hind
C. Zil-i-Ilahi
D. Din-i-Ilahi
Ans. C
Explanation: After consolidating his power, Balban assumed the Grand title of Zil-i-Ilahi. Gyasuddin Balban was the ninth Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi. He reduced the power of the the nobility and heightened the strature of the Sultan.
103. Who among the following founded the Sayyid Dynasty?
A. Khizr Khan
B. Mubarak Shah
C. Muhammad Shah
D. Alauddin Alam Shah
Ans. A
Explanation: The Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi sultanate with four rulers ruling from 1414 to 1451. It was founded by Khizr Khan, who was a former governor of Multan. They succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty and rule the Sultanate until they were displaced by the Lodhi Dynasty.
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104. Sijda, Paibos and Nawroz word introduced by which of the following Sultan of Delhi Sultanate?
A. Balban
B. Razia Sultan
C. Iltutmish
D. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
Ans. A
Explanation: Ghiyasuddin Balban started Iranian method Sijda and Paibos to the Sultan in India. He also introduced the Persian festival Navroz meaning New Year. He himself called the Niyabat-i- Khudai.
105. Who among the following was the only converted Indian Muslim to become the head of the Delhi sultanate?
A. Kaikubad
B. Nasiruddin Khusrau Khan
C. Jalaluddin Khilji
D. Alauddin Khilji
Ans. B
Explanation: Khusrau Khan was the Sultan of Delhi for around two months in 1320. he belonged to the Barbadi Hindu military clan, and was captured by the Delhi army during Alauddin Khilji's conquest of Malwa in 1305. After being brought to Delhi as a Slave, he converted to Islam.
106. Which Jain Saint was patronised by Mohammed Bin Tughlaq? The
A. Hemchandra Suri
B. Jinprabha Suri
C. Dasturji Mebarji
D. None of the above
Ans. B
Explanation: Mohammed Bin Tughlaq patronised Jain seeds like Jinprabha suri and Rajasekhar.
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107. Which Sultan declared himself as Sikandar -i- Saini, the second Alexander?
A. Balban
B. Kaiqubad
C. Iltutmish
D. Alauddin Khilji
Ans. D
Explanation: The accession of Alauddin Khilji was held on 22nd October 1296, thereafter he declared himself as Sikandar -i- Saini, the second Alexander.
108. Which of the following is wrongly matched?
A. Kutub Minar - Aibak and Iltutmish
B. Dhai Din Ka jhopada - Ibrahim Lodhi
C. Alai Darwaza - Alauddin Khilji
D. Red Palace - Balban
Ans. B
Explanation: Dhai Din Ka jhopada is a mosque that is said to be built within two and a half days by the order of Mohammad Gauri.
109. Which among the following foreign historians is considered authentic on the history of the Delhi sultanate?
A. Richard Fox
B. Peter Jackson
C. Aden Southall
D. Chris Bayly
Ans. D
Explanation:Christopher Bayly was a British historian specialising in British Imperial, Indian and global history.
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110. Who is considered to be the founder of Bhakti movement
A. Shankaracharya
B. Nimbarkacharya
C. Ramanujacharya
D. Madhvacharya
Ans. C
Explanation: Ramanujacharya was a great Hindu philosopher scholar and worship of Lord Vishnu. He is considered as the founder of Bhakti movement.
111.What was Ziyarat in the language of the sufis?
A. Pilgrimage to the tombs of Sufi saints for seeking spiritual grace
B. Reciting divine names
C. Offering free kitchens run on futuh
D. Setting up of auqaf or charitable trusts
Ans. A
Explanation: Ziyarat is used to refer to a form of pilgrimage to sites associated with Mohammed and his family members and descendants. Sites of pilgrimage include mosques, graves, battlefields, mountains and caves.
112. Mohammed Bin Tughlaq experiment of introducing token currency was not successful because of
A. Rejection of token coins by foreign merchants
B. Shortage of copper for minting token coins
C. Large scale minting of spurious coins
D. Poor quality of token currency
Ans. C
Explanation: Muhammad Bin Tughlaq issued token currency, the coins of brass and copper were minted whose value were equal to gold and silver coins. This experiment failed because during this time most of the citizens were goldsmiths and they they knew how to make fake coins.
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113. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( System) ( Emperor) a. Silver tanka 1. Alauddin Khilji b. Diwan- i - Kohi 2. Firoz Tughlaq c. Dar - ul - Shafa 3. Iltutmish d. Shahan- i -Mandi 4. Mohammed Tughlaq
Code :
a b c d
A. 4 3 2 1
B. 3 4 2 1
C. 1 2 3 4
D. 4 1 3 2
Ans. B
Explanation: Iltutmish introduced silver tanka and copper coins, the two coins of the Delhi sultanate. Mohammed Bin Tuglak set up a loan system for the benefit of peasents and also created Diwan- i - Kohi which was the department of agriculture. Dar - ul - Shafa established by Firoz Shah Tughlaq was a free Hospital.Shahan- i -Mandi was the incharge of Alauddin khilji's market control system.
114. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I
( Sultans) a. Mohammed Bin Tughlaq b. Firoj Tughlaq c. Balban d. Alauddin Khilji
List II
( Work)
1. Land revenue assessment based on actual
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2. Restore ration of the prestige of the Crown
3. Creation of the department of agriculture
4. Creation of the employment bureau
Code :
a b c d
A. 4 3 2 1
B. 3 4 2 1
C. 1 2 3 4
D. 4 1 3 2
Ans. B
Explanation: Self Explanatory.
115. Assertion (A) : Khilji Noble led by Jalaluddin Khilji overthrew the incompetent Successors of Balban in 1290.
Reason (R) : Balban himself dig the pit for his successors.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: Balban himself set an example by setting aside the sons of Nasiruddin Mohammed and demonstrated that a successful general could ascend the throne by ousting the successors of an established dynasty, provided he had sufficient support in the nobility and the army.
116. Assertion (A) : The Sultan acted as a court of appeal from the judges who were appointed for the maintenance of law and Justice.
Reason (R) : The dispensation of justice was regarded as a very important function of Delhi Sultanate rulers.
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In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
Explanation: Mohammed Tughlaq applied dispensation of justice to the religious classes who had previously been exempted from harsh punishments.
117. Assertion (A) : Ibn Battuta gave valuable information regarding Mohammed Bin Tuglak's reign.
Reason (R) : Marco Polo and Athanasius Nikitin visited India during the reign of Rajputs.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: Marco Polo visited India during Kakatiya dynasty and Athanasius Nikitin visited India during the reign of Bahamani Kingdom.
118. Who among the following Sultan are associated with Kutub Minar?
1. Qutub-ud-din Aibak
2. Iltutmish
3. Muhammad Bin Tughlaq
4. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
A. 1 and 4
B. 1, 2 and 4
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C. 1, 2, 3 and 4
D. 1 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: The construction of Qutub Minar first storey was started by Qutubuddin Aibak in 1192. In 1220, his successor and son-in-law Shamsuddin Iltutmish completed further three storeys. In 1369, it was damaged by lightening and was rebuilt by Firoz Shah Tughlaq who also added one more storey to it. In 1505, an earthquake damaged Qutub Minar and was repaired by Sikandar Lodhi. Shershah Suri also added an entrance to this tower while he was ruling.
119. Arrange the following programs of Muhammad-bin-tughlaq in their chronological order.
1. Transfer of capital
2. Increase of taxation in doab
3. Promulgation of token currency
4. Khurasan expedition
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
A. 1, 2, 3 and 4
B. 2, 3, 1 and 4
C. 2, 1, 3 and 4
D. 3 2 1 and 4
Ans. C
Explanation: During his reign, Tughlaq imposed heavy tax in the land between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. Tughlaq took a very modern step in introducing bronze coins as the token currency. He transferred his capital in 1327 to Deogir. He decided to conquest Khurasan and Iraq and mobilize the huge Army for the purpose but his expedition proved to be a failure.
120. Consider the following statements about the military administration of Delhi Sultanate.
1. Ghiyasuddin balban ordered separation of military department from the finance department and named it diwan-i-arz.
2. Barids were Army news reporters appointed by Muhammad Bin Tughlaq to keep him informed of the development in the Army.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
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A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. A
Explanation: Barids were appointed by Alauddin Khilji. Barids were Army news reporters and Munhiyans were spies.
Vijaynagar Empire
121. Which among the following Empire was called as "A Forgotten Empire" by historian Robert Sewell?
B. Mauryan Empire
C. Vijayanagar Empire
Ans. C
Explanation: Vijayanagar Empire expanded to whole of South India. It fell before Mughals. although it was a major Empire but is not highlighted well in history books.
122. The important feature of Dravidian architecture during Vijayanagar period was
A. Ammana Shrine
B. Kalyana Mandapa
C. Extensive decoration of gopurams
D. Paintings on the walls of temples
Ans. B
Explanation: Kalyana Mandapa is a complex which has a number of structures inside a rectangular Court. The Kalyana Mandapa is an open Pavilion which was used for ceremonies involving the symbolic marriage of the temples divinity to his concert. Its interior consists of of impressive
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 columns and contains a platform in the centre for the performance of Sacred dances. Massive pillars carry the large bracket and roof beams.
123. Which among the following is the founder of aravidu kingdom?
A. Viranarasimha Raya
B. Tirumala
C. Aliya
D. Sriranga 1st
Ans. B
Explanation: Tirumala was the founder of Aravidu dynasty. This dynasty is the fourth and last ruling dynasty of Vijayanagar Empire. Alia ramaraya was the progenitor of the Aravidu dynasty.
124. Assertion (A) : The tradition of village self-government was discarded during Vijaynagar administration.
Reason (R) : The Kingdom was divided into Rajyas or Mandalams below which Nadu, sthala and grama was made.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. D
Explanation: in Vijayanagar Kingdom the king was advised by the Council of Ministers which consisted of great nobels of the kingdom. The Kingdom was divided into Rajyas or Mandalam which are provinces below which were Nadu which is district, sthala which is Sub District and grama which is village. The Chola traditions of village self-government considerably weekend under Vijaynagar ruler but it was not discarded.
125. Consider the following statements about Vijaynagar empire
1. Vijayanagar was noted for its markets dealing in spices Textiles and precious stones.
2. Krishna Devaraya rule was characterized by the strain within the Imperial structure.
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3. The Amara Nayaka were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the kings.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. Only 3
B. 1 and 2
C. 1 and 3
D. 1 2 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: For effective administration the Vijaynagar territory was divided as vassal states and provinces ruled directly by the king's direct representatives. While the states were administered by the Nayakas or Samantas, the territories were directly under the king and called as Rajyas or Mandalas.
The Mughal Empire
126. Which company was authorised by Jahangir to set up a factory in Surat?
A. The English East India Company
B. The French East India Company
C. The United East India Company
D. The Portuguese East India Company
Ans. A
Explanation: The English East India Company was an English Company formed for the exploitation of trade with east and South East Asia and India. It was incorporated by Royal charter on 31st December 1600.
127. Jizya was imposed by Aurangzeb during twenty second year of his reign so as to
A. Put economic pressure for crossing the majority community to convert their religion
B. Meet a difficult financial situations
C. Reassert the fundamental Islamic character of the state
D. To show anger against the Marathas and Rajput
Ans. C
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Explanation: This is a per capita yearly taxation historically levied in the form of financial charge on permanent non Muslim subjects of a state governed by Islamic law.
128. Which of the following areas was not acquired by Akbar?
A. Kashmir
B. Qandhar
C. Odisha
D. Bidar
Ans. D
Explanation: Bidar is a hill top city in the North Eastern part of Karnataka state in India.
129. Tamgha tax was abolished by Babur before which of these important battles in India?
A. Panipat
B. Khanwa
C. Chanderi
D. Buxar
Ans. B
Explanation: Tamgha is a Turkish word which means Royal seal or stamp. It was levied on the merchants when they entered or crossed the Mughal territories.
130. Who among the following was the infamous Qazi Fazihat or Qazi Fazilat during the reign of Sher Shah?
A. Governor of Bengal
B. Qazi -i-lashkar
C. Qazi-i-Qazzat
D. Qazi of Bengal
Ans. A
Explanation: Governor of Bengal was the infamous Qazi Fazihat during the reign of Sher Shah.
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131. Humayun had passion for astronomy and astrology. Which of the following sources depicts Humayun's passion?
A. Tarikh-i-rashidi
B. Tuzuk-i-Babri
C. Humayun Namah
D. Qanun-i-Humayuni
Ans. B
Explanation: Tuzuk-i-Babri is the autobiography of Babur. He wrote it in Turkish language. Humayun was son of Babur.
132. The Delhi Madarsa known as "Khairul Manzil" was built by
A. Hamida Banu Begum
B. Gulbadan Begum
C. Maham Angah
D. Shah Begum
Ans. C
Explanation: Khairul Manzil historical Mosque built in 1561 in New Delhi. The mosque is situated opposite of Purana Qila. the Gateway of the mosque was made by red sandstone according to Mughal architecture but the inside structure of the building was made in Delhi sultanate pattern. It was later used as Madrasa. It was built by Maham Anga who was Emperor Akbar's wet nurse cum foster mother.
133. Who among the following Mughal emperors spent a greater part of his reign to overthrow the Deccan kingdoms?
A. Akbar
B. Jahangir
C. Shah Jahan
D. Aurangzeb
Ans. D
Explanation: Aurangzeb spent most of his time in defeating the south dynasties and died at Burhanpur and 1707.
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134. Which among the following pair is not correctly matched?
A. Iqta : Revenue assignment for civil and Military Service
B. Mansab : official status of the nobles in the Sultanate administration
C. Khalisa : Directly administered Land by the Mughal emperor
D. Izara : A tax collection system
Ans. D
Explanation: Izara means revenue farming. It was a well-known practice in the land revenue administration under the Sultan of Delhi and revived again during the reign of Jahangir and became quite widespread in the course of 17th century.
135. Which of the following buildings is not located in Fatehpur Sikri?
A. Buland Darwaza
B. Anup Talao
C. Qila -i- kuhna mosque
D. Panch Mahal
Ans. C
Explanation: Qila -i- kuhna mosque is a Mosque located inside the premises of Purana Qila in Delhi. It was built by Sher Shah Suri who defeated Humayun and occupied Purana Qila. It was built by him as a Mosque for his private use which became a symbol of his Royal aspiration.
136. Sharia laws was imposed and strictly taken care of by which of the following officers during Aurangzeb's Reign?
A. Ahadis
B. Mansabhdars
C. Muhtasibs
D. Walashuhis
Ans. C
Explanation: Aurangzeb was a very observant and religious Muslim who ended the policy of religious tolerance which was followed by earlier emperors. He no longer allowed the Hindu
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General Studies Paper#1-Sectional Paper#1 community to live under their own laws and customs but imposed Sharia law over the whole empire. Thousands of Hindu temples and shrines were torn down and a punitive tax on Hindu subjects was reimposed. Aurangzeb appointed Muhtasibs in all the provinces to see that people lived their life in accordance with the Sharia.
137. Who among the following has issued the coin Rupee for the first time?
A. Mohammed Bin Tughlaq
B. Alauddin Khilji
C. Shershah
D. Akbar
Ans. C
Explanation: The first rupee which was a silver coin was introduced by Sher Shah and was called Rupia which remained in used throughout the Mughal rule.
138. Which of the following statements about the Mughal rule in India is false?
A. Peasant communities were a united and homogenous group
B. There was an abundance of food grain
C. The state encouraged those crops that brought more revenue
D. Most regions produced two crops in a year
Ans. A
Explanation: Peasant communities were heterogeneous group on the basis of caste and other caste like this distinctions.
139. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I
( Battle) a. Battle of Bilgram b. Battle of Ghaghara c. Battle of Khanwa
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List II
( Result)
1. Defeat of Afghans under Ibrahim Lodhi by Babur
2. Defeat of Rajput under Rana Sanga by Babur
3. Defeat of Afghans under Mohammed Lodhi by Babur
4. Final defeat of Humayun by Sher Shah
Code :
a b c d
A. 4 3 2 1
B. 3 2 4 1
C. 1 2 3 4
D. 4 1 3 2
Ans. A
Explanation: The battle of Bilgram took place between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri in 1540. The battle of Ghaghra in 1529 was the last war of Babur in India. The battle was fought with the Afghans on the confluence of the Ganga and its tributary Ghaghra. Babur won this battle. The battle of Khanwa was fought in 1527 between Mughal emperor Babur and Rajputs lead by Rana Sanga of Mewar. The first battle of Panipat was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodhi empire in 1526. It marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire.
140. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List I List II
( Year) ( Battle) a. February 1658 1. Battle of Dharmat b. April 1658 2. Battle of Samugarh c. June 1658 3. Battle of Bahadurgarh d. April 1659 4. Battle of Deorai
Code :
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a b c d
A. 3 1 2 4
B. 3 2 4 1
C. 1 2 3 4
D. 4 1 3 2
Ans. A
Explanation: The battle of Dharmat was fought between Aurangzeb and Dara shikoh in 1658 for Shah Jahan Throne. Dara shikoh was defeated by Aurangzeb. The battle of Samugarh was found more than a month after the battle of Dharmat. The rebel princess Aurangzeb and the Mughal heir Dara shikoh reach village of Samugarh on the outskirts of Agra. The combined Army of Aurangzeb and Murad won and Dara was defeated. Battle of Bahadurgarh was the conflict that help decide the war of succession between Aurangzeb and Dara shikoh. Battle of Deorai was fought in North Eastern India by Aurangzeb and Dara shikoh. Victory of Aurangzeb confirmed his possession to the thorn.
Q141: The foundation of Mughal painting was laid by-
a) Sher shah b) Shah jahan c) Akbar d) Humayun
Ans: D
Q142: The original name of Banda Bahadur was-
a) Mahesh das b) Harnam das c) Dwarka das d) Lachhman das
Ans: D
143. Assertion (A) : India's natural boundaries boundaries safeguarded during most of its history from external invasions.
Reason (R) : it was only in the Northeast that India was vulnerable.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
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D. A is false but R is true
Ans. C
Explanation: It was only in the Northwest that India was vulnerable to external invasions. It was through the mountain passes of this area that the Turks had been able to penetrate into India and establish their empire there.
144. Assertion (A) : Firuz Shah Bahmani was determined to make the Deccan the cultural centre of India.
Reason (R) : During his period brahmans became dominant in the administration specially revenue administration.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. B
Explanation: Firuz Shah Bahmani was the most remarkable figure in the Bahmani kingdom. He was well acquainted with the religious Sciences as well as Natural Sciences. The most remarkable step taken by him was the induction of Hindus in the administration on a large scale.
145. Assertion (A) : Emergence of Balban made Delhi eager to reassert its control over Bihar and Bengal.
Reason (R) : After the death of Iltutmish the Governors of Bengal asserted their Independence and do not follow the orders of Delhi.
In the context of the above which one of the following is correct
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
Ans. A
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Explanation: A person called Iwaz who took the title of Ghiyasuddin Sultan began to function as an independent ruler of Bengal and Bihar. He was defeated by a son of Iltutmish and Bengal and Bihar was again bring under control of Delhi. But after the death of Iltutmish, the governor of Bengal asserted their independence. But with the emergence of a strong ruler Iltutmish, Delhi once again became eager to reassert its control over Bihar and Bengal.
146. Arrange the following Battles of the Mughal period in chronological order
1. Battle of Ghagara
2. Battle of Kannauj
3. Battle of Chausa
4. Battle of Khanwa
Select the answer from the codes given below.
A. 4, 3, 1, 2
B. 4, 1, 2, 3
C. 4, 1, 3, 2
D. 4, 2, 3, 1
Ans. C
Explanation: The battle of Ghaghra in 1529 was the last war of Babur in India. The battle was fought with the Afghans on the confluence of the Ganga and its tributary Ghaghra. Babur won this battle. Battle of Kannauj was found between Shershah Suri and the king Humayun in 1540. Shershah Suri defeated Humayun at this battle. Battle of Chausa was also fought between Humayun and Shershah Suri in 1539. The battle of Khanwa was fought in 1527 between Mughal emperor Babur and Rajputs lead by Rana Sanga of Mewar.
147. Consider the following statements
1. Shajahan discontinued Jharokha Darshan and Tuladan.
2. Shah Jahan refused to grant land to Shanti Das who was the leading Jain jeweller and banker of Ahmedabad to build a resting place for Jain saints.
3. Shajahan banned mixed marriages between Hindus and Muslims in Kashmir.
4. Shah Jahan exempted the theologians from offering Sijda.
Which of the above statements are not correct?
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A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 1 and 4
Ans. A
Explanation: Initially Shah Jahan used to favour Islam but with time he become tolerant to other religions and kept continuing the Jharokha Darshan, Tuladan and Tilak on forehead of the Hindu Kings. He donated land to Shanti Das for construction of resting place for Jain saints. He also had Hindu poets like Kavinderacharya, Chintamani and Sundar Das.
148. Consider the following statements about the Treaty of Chittor
1. Mewar including Chittor were restored to the Rana.
2. Rana had to be personally present at the Mughal court.
3. Rana could not repair or re fortify Chittor.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
A. Only 1
B. 1 and 2
C. 1 and 3
D. 1 2 and 3
Ans. C
Explanation: Treaty of Chittor was between Lana Amar Singh and Mughal king Jahangir. It had some obligations that Fort of Chittorgarh could not be repaired and Mewar would have to keep a contingent of 1000 horses in the Mughal service. Rana Amar Singh would not have to be present at any of the Mughal Darbar.
149. Consider the following statements regarding Mohammed Gawan.
1. He helped in extension of frontiers of Bahmani Kingdom by overrunning western coastal areas including Goa and Dabhol that lead to further expansion of Bahmani trade with Iran and Iraq.
2. Gawan introduced division of Empire into Tarafs.
3. He was a great patron of Art and constructed Jama Masjid at Gulbarga fort and Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur.
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Select the correct option from the codes given below
A. 1 and 3
B. 1 and 2
C. Only 3
D. 2 and 3
Ans. B
Explanation: Mohammed Gawan was an Iranian trader who served as prime minister for three Bahmani Sultans from 1458 to 1465 AD. He contributed towards resurgence of the Bahmani kingdom in the Deccan. The Jama Masjid at Gulbarga fort was built by Muhammad Shah first and Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur was constructed by Adil Shah.
150. Akbar maintained a court of nine distinguished persons who were known as Navratanas or nine jewels. Consider the following statements regarding the same
1. Abdul Raheem is credited with translation of Lilavati to Persian language.
2. Faizi translated Baburnama into Persian language.
Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. D
Explanation: Abdul Raheem is a celebrated Hindi scholar who was known for his work Rahim Satsai. He was also scholar of Turkish who translated Baburnama into Persian language. Translation of Lilavati which is a book on mathematics to Persian language is done by Faizi.
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