A 6C> O /A.

Day light ing Natural Light in Architecture

Derek Phillips

With a foreword by Carl Gardner

AMSTERDAM . • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Aiducctunl ELSEVIER An^teaural Press is an imprint of Elsevier PICK Contents

Dedication xi

Acknowledgements xii

Foreword xv

Preface xvii

Introduction xix History Environment Windows Energy Human factors Daylight calculation Case studies

PARTI

1 History 3 Windows Architectural development Takeover of artificial light Renewal of interest in daylight Energy use Passive architecture Strategy Control

2 Environment 9 Change and variety Modelling Orientation Sunlight Colour View Health vi Daylighting: Natural Light in Architecture

3 Windows 19

Window shapes Rooflights Atriums Glazing High tech glazing Window openings Symbolism Solar shading Privacy Innovative systems The future

4 Energy 37 Reduction Artificial light Waste Daylight Controls Solar Legislation

5 Calculations Example 1 Natural lighting Artificial lighting Example 2 Conclusions

PART II

6 Case Studies 63 Introduction Offices Residential Education Ecclesiastical Leisure Display Transport Industrial

Selected List of Case Studies 69 OFFICES

The Reichstag, Berlin Architect: Foster and Partners 72 Lighting Design: Claude Engle Client: Federal Republic of Germany Contents vii

Provincial Capitol Building, Toulouse, France 76 Architect: Venturi Scott Brown & Associates Associate Architects: Hermet-Blanc-Lagausie-omens-Atelier A4 and Anderson/Swartz Architects Lighting Design:Cabinet Berthon Client: Conseil General de la Haute-Garonne, Toulouse, France

88 Wood Street 78 Architect: Richard Rogers Structural and Service Engineers: Ove Arup and Partners Client: Daiwa. Europe Properties

Portcullis House, Westminster 82 Architect: Michael Hopkins and Partners Engineer: Ove Arup & Partners Client: House of Commons, Palace of Westminster

Squire's Offices 86 Architect and Lighting Design: Squire and Partners, Architects Client: Squire and Partners

Arup Campus, Solihull 90 Architect and Lighting Design: Arup Associates Client: Arup

MOD Abbey Wood Campus 94 Architect: Percy Thomas Partnership (PTP) Engineer: Hoare Lee Client: Ministry of Defence, Defence Procurement Agency

Host Street, Bristol 98 Architect and Lighting Design: Jeremy Johnson-Marshall Client: Kinneir Dufort Design Limited

RESIDENTIAL

Great Eastern Hotel 102 Architect: The Manser Practice; Interiors: Conran Lighting Consultant: DPA Lighting Consultants/Maurice Brill Client: Great Eastern Hotel

De Syllas House 108 Architect: Justin De Syllas, Avanti Architects Lighting Design: Justin de Syllas

EDUCATION

Worlds End School, Enfield 114 Architect: Architects' Co-Partnership (ACP) Engineer: TG Armstrong and Partners Client: London Borough of Enfield

Orchard Learning and Resource 118 Architect: Ahrends Burton and Koralek (ABK) Engineer: Ove Arup and Partners Client: Selly Oak Colleges, Cadbury Trust viii Daylighting: Natural Light in Architecture

Student's Union, University of Warwick 122 Architect: Casson Conder Engineer: Buro Happold Client: University of Warwick

City Learning Centre, Bristol 124 Architect: Alec French Partnership Engineer: Wicheloe MacFarlane BDP Client: Bristol City Council and Excellence in Cities

New Faculty of Education, UWE 126 Architect: Alec French Partnership Engineer: Arup Client: Bristol City Council

Polk County Science Centre 128 Architect: John McAslan and Partners Lighting Design: Arup Client: Florida Southern University, Florida

Goldsmiths College 132 Architect: Allies and Morrison Engineer: Max Fordham Client: Goldsmiths College

Michael Young Building 136 Architect: Jestico+Whiles Lighting Consultant: Halcrow Client: Open University

Riverhead School, Sevenoaks 138 Architect: Architects Design Partnership Lighting Consultant: Slender Winter Partnership Client: Kent County Council

ECCLESIASTICAL

Central United Methodist Church, , 142 Architect: William Wenzler and Associates Lighting Consultant: William Lam and Associates Client: Central United Methodist Church

Rothkco Chapel, 144 Architect: , followed by Barnstone and Aubry Restoration by Jim McReynolds Architects Lighting Consultant: Arup Lighting Client: Menil Foundation

LEISURE

Chipping Norton Leisure Centre 14g Architect: Feilden Clegg Bradley Lighting Consultant: Brian Ford Associates Client: West Oxfordshire District Council Contents ix

Chelsea Club and Chelsea World of Sport 150 Architect: Fletcher Priest Services Engineers: TME Engineers Client: Chelsea Village

Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 154 Architect: Toyo Ito Engineers and Lighting Designers: Arup Client: Serpentine Gallery

American Community School, Sports Centre 156 Architect and Lighting Design: Studio E Architects Client: American Community School, Cobham

DISPLAY

Rooms at Royal Academy, Burlington House 162 Architect: R. Smitt, Surveyor to the Royal Academy of Arts Lighting Designer: DPA Lighting Consultants Client: Royal Academy of Arts

Sainsbury, Greenwich 164 Architect: Chetwood Associates Lighting Consultants: Pinniger and Partners Client: Sainsbury's Supermarket

Museum of Country Life, Ireland 168 Architect: Office of Public Works, Dublin Engineer: Sutton Vane Associates, Lighting Design Client: Scroope Design, Dublin

The Charioteer Statue, Archaeological Museum of Delphi 170 Architect: AN Tombazis and Associates Lighting Designers: London Metropolitan University (Professor Mike Wilson and Andre Viljoen, with Bartenbach Lichtabor) Client: Museum of Delphi

Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence 172 Exhibition Designers: ASL Dangerfield Lighting Designer: DPA Lighting Consultants Client: Hong Kong Museum of History

TRANSPORT

Jubilee Line Underground 176

Jubilee Line Extension - Southwark 178 Architect: McCormac Jamieson Prichard

Jubilee Line Extension - Canada Water 180 Architect: Ron Herron/Imagination

Jubilee Line Extension - Canary Wharf 182 Architect: Foster and Partners x Daylighting: Natural Light in Architecture

Jubilee Line Extension - Stratford 186 Architect: Wilkinson Eyre

INDUSTRIAL

Cummins Power Generation 190 Architect: Bennetts Associates Engineer: Ernst Griffiths and Son Client: Cummins Engine Company

Gridshell Building, Weald and Downland 192 Architect: Edward Cullinan Architects Engineer: Buro Happold Client: Weald and Downland Open Air Museum. Singleton Sponsors. Heritage Lottery Fund. Jerwood Foundation.

Bibliography 195 Glossary 197 Index of architects and designers 209 Index of subjects 211