iii

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP)

The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

• strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); • resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal); • coordinated programme implementation; • joint monitoring and evaluation; • revision, if necessary; and • reporting on results.

The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements:

• a common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; • an assessment of needs; • best, worst, and most likely scenarios; • stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where; • a clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; • prioritised response plans; and

• a framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.

The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organization for Migration, the Red Cross Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host governments and donors, should be consulted.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is to be presented to donors in July 2006.

Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2006: In sum, the CAP works to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time.

ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2006:

AARREC CESVI GSLG OCHA UNAIDS AASAA CHFI HDO OCPH UNDP ABS CINS HI ODAG UNDSS Abt Associates CIRID HISAN - WEPA OHCHR UNESCO ACF/ACH/AAH CISV Horn Relief PARACOM UNFPA ACTED CL INTERSOS PARC UN-HABITAT ADRA CONCERN IOM PHG UNHCR Africare COOPI IRC PMRS UNICEF AGROSPHERE CORD IRD PRCS UNIFEM AHA CPAR IRIN PSI UNMAS ANERA CRS JVSF PU UNODC ARCI CUAMM MALAO RFEP UNRWA ARM CW MCI SADO UPHB AVSI DCA MDA SC-UK VETAID CADI DRC MDM SECADEV VIA CAM EMSF MENTOR SFCG VT CARE ERM MERLIN SNNC WFP CARITAS EQUIP NA SOCADIDO WHO CCF FAO NNA Solidarités WVI CCIJD GAA (DWH) NRC SP WR CEMIR Int’l GH OA STF ZOARC CENAP

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... 1 Table I. Summary Of Requirements By Sector And By Organisation...... 2 2. 2005 IN REVIEW ...... 3

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS UNDER CAP 2005 ...... 5 3. THE 2006 COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN...... 7

3.1 THE CONTEXT AND ITS HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES ...... 7 3.1.A The context...... 7 3.1.B The humanitarian consequences ...... 9

3.2 SCENARIOS ...... 10

3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE ...... 10

3.4 RESPONSE PLANS ...... 12 3.4.A Agriculture...... 12 3.4.B Coordination and Support Services ...... 13 3.4.C Economic Recovery and Infrastructure...... 14 3.4.D Education ...... 16 3.4.E Family Shelter and Non-Food Items ...... 18 3.4.F Food...... 19 3.4.G Health...... 23 3.4.H Environment...... 24 3.4.I Multi-sector...... 26 3.4.J Protection/Human Rights/Rule of Law...... 28 3.4.K Safety and Security of Staff and Operations...... 29 3.4.L Water and Sanitation ...... 31

5. CRITERIA FOR PRIORITISATION OF PROJECTS ...... 34 6. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE...... 35

ANNEX I. MAP OF CHAD WITH REFUGEE CAMPS IN THE EAST AND THE SOUTH OF THE ..... COUNTRY...... 45 ANNEX II. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN CHAD...... 46 ANNEX III. DONOR RESPONSE TO 2005 CONSOLIDATED APPEALS ...... 55 ANNEX IV. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 74

Project summary sheets are in a separate volume entitled “Projects”

ii CHAD

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

During 2003 and 2004, 220,000 Sudanese fleeing violence in Darfur sought refuge in neighbouring Chad. In 2005, the influx of Sudanese refugees into eastern Chad stopped. The situation stabilised and agencies were able to address adequately refugees’ needs. Furthermore, In order to mitigate the impact of the continued presence of refugees on eastern Chad’s fragile populations and environment, the humanitarian community devoted increased resources to assist local communities. Recent violence in Darfur suggests that the environment in western Sudan will remain too unsafe for refugees to return home in a near future. In 2006 the humanitarian community must therefore continue to provide care and support to refugees, as well as increase its assistance to host populations. Food security must be strengthened and income-generating activities must be encouraged for both refugees and local communities. Impact of the refugees’ presence on the eastern Chad poor environment has to be addressed. This well-balanced approach is also expected to foster more peaceful relations and coexistence between refugees and Chadian populations.

Since last June, the South of the country has been witnessing a new influx of refugees. As a result of increasing insecurity and violence in the north of the Central African Republic (CAR), 12,500 Central Africans have already fled into Southern Chad. This new caseload adds to the 30,000 Central African refugees present in this part of the country since 2003. As the situation in northern CAR is likely to remain chaotic, at least for the coming months, the prompt return of Central African refugees to their country of origin appears unlikely. This sudden influx of refugees in southern Chad raises challenges comparable to those faced the East. The humanitarian community must now step up its operations so as to ensure adequate assistance to refugees and be prepared for a potential new influx of population. In order to avoid aid becoming an additional factor of instability, needs of local populations must be addressed too. Finally, the political environment in Chad has remained tense throughout 2005. A controversial referendum held in June opened to President Déby the possibility to run for a third term in 2006. Within the opposition, the referendum has been considered as a major blow to the political consensus upon which the relative political stability of the past 15 years had been built. These political tensions raise concerns over the future stability of the country. The widespread circulation of small arms exacerbates the risk of a return to non-peaceful means of contestation.

The original Consolidated Appeal (CA) for Chad 2005 appealed for US$ 182 million. This amount was later revised to US$ 224 million. As of 21 October, the CAP 2005 is only 54% funded (US$ 120.6 million). In 2006, the humanitarian community plans to assist more than 200,000 refugees in the east, 42,500 refugees in the south, as well as Chadian populations affected by the prevailing situations in these two parts of the country. In its work, the humanitarian community will strive to build capacity amongst national institutions to address emergencies. In order to allow the full implementation of these strategies, the CAP 2006 is appealing for US$ 167,069,799. The CAP 2006 includes 43 projects in10 different sectors.

1 CHAD

TABLE I. SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY SECTOR AND BY ORGANISATION

Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 Summary of Requirements - by Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Original Requirements (US$)

AGRICULTURE 10,313,745

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 5,941,120

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 2,517,981

EDUCATION 7,671,600

FOOD 40,129,295

HEALTH 8,708,406

MULTI-SECTOR 84,534,118

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 3,562,240

SECURITY 338,069

WATER AND SANITATION 3,353,225

Grand Total 167,069,799

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 Summary of Requirements - By Appealing Organisation as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation.

Appealing Organisation Original Requirements (US$)

ACTED 1,587,600 CARE INT 6,300,000 CORD 4,800,000 FAO 6,649,230 IRC 2,020,986 IRD 3,000,000 OCHA 1,186,297 PU 3,447,753 SECADEV 664,515 UNAIDS 680,000 UNDP 2,202,500 UNDSS (previously UNSECOORD) 338,069 UNFPA 1,250,000 UNHCR 74,337,462 UNICEF 13,516,565 WFP 44,089,916 WHO 998,906

Grand Total 167,069,799

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

2 CHAD

2. 2005 IN REVIEW

Eastern Chad

In 2003/2004 fighting in Darfur border areas had forced thousands of Sudanese to seek refuge in eastern Chad. Violence in Darfur continued throughout 2005, including attacks by Janjaweed militia against civilians. Even though this led to continuous and massive displacement of populations within Darfur,1 no new influx of refugees was reported in eastern Chad. Eastern Chad currently hosts about 220,000 Sudanese refugees.2

Changing presence of Sudanese refugees in Chad

07/05

Reduction due to 05/05 re-registration exercises 03/05

01/05

11/04

09/04 Month / Year / Month

07/04

05/04

03/04

01/04

0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 Number of refugees

Source: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Throughout 2005, United Nations (UN) agencies and NGOs provided assistance to Sudanese refugees in the 12 camps3 of eastern Chad. Efforts of the UN and its partners to meet minimum standards in the key sectors of water and sanitation, health, education and nutrition continued. Despite the overall improvement of the situation, needs of the refugees – who have no food stock and possess livestock in limited quantity - remained acute. With no alternative survival strategies refugees continued to be dependent on outside assistance.4

1 About 1.8 million IDPs and 1.6 million residents: 1,142,959 people in north Darfur, 1,134,026 in south Darfur and 1,104,661 in west Darfur, in an area roughly equivalent to that of France or Texas. 2 Refugees were initially concentrated in central and southern parts of eastern Chad, but soon thereafter new arrivals were also registered as far north as Bahai. See map with location of refugee camps in the east. 3 The camps in eastern Chad host about 200,000 refugees. They are located in Oure Cassoni, Iridimi, Touloum, Kounoungo, Mile, Farchana, Bredjing, Treguine, Gaga, Djabal, Goz Amer, and Am Nabak. 4 Overall malnutrition rates in the refugee camps are improving according to latest research conduced by WFP nutritional partners. In late September 2005, Cooperazione Internazionale (COOPI) conducted a screening in the Djabal camp which indicated a drop in the Global

3 CHAD

Violence targeting refugees continued to be reported throughout 2005.5 It highlighted the growing discontent of Chadian communities in eastern Chad and the need for humanitarian partners to provide balanced assistance to both communities in order to avoid aid becoming an additional factor of instability. To foster more amicable relations between refugees and local populations increased communication and understanding between the two groups was needed. Therefore, UN agencies and their implementing partners progressively adapted their strategies and operations so as to bring more assistance to host populations. UNHCR devoted five per cent of its programme budget to implement small-scale quick impact projects (QUIPs) for eastern Chad host communities. World Food Programme (WFP) assisted over 150,000 Chadian nationals.

The presence of a large number of refugees in the remote and fragile environment of eastern Chad raised enormous challenges for the humanitarian community. Lack of water and natural resources in this semi-desert area are compounded by a very poor level of infrastructure. This led to enormous logistic challenges and added significant costs to humanitarian operations. The unpredictable security situation in Darfur was an additional factor of concern for relief agencies.

In 2005, UN agencies held a regular and constructive dialogue with local authorities in eastern Chad via forums of consultation, coordination, and information exchange. This was essential to ensure effective support of the government and develop local capacities to coordinate field operations. The humanitarian community will endeavour to address the refugee crisis in the south according to similar models of coordination and communication.

Southern Chad

Following increased violence in northern CAR, 12,500 Central Africans have sought refuge in Southern Chad. This new caseload added to the 30,000 CAR refugees who have been present in eastern Chad since 2003. New arrivals were sheltered in two existing camps, Amboko and Yarougou, located near the towns of Goré and Danamadji.6 In order to help alleviate overcrowding in Amboko camp a third site – Gondje - has been identified.7 In late September, UNHCR together with the central African and Chadian authorities began the repatriation of more than 1,000 Chadian refugees - who had spent the last two decades in CAR after fleeing civil war in Chad – back into Goré.8

The Government and UNHCR strategy to provide land for refugees to cultivate as well as settle on has increased the likelihood of a self-reliant refugee population. However, refugees are still far from reaching complete self-reliance and limited resources have not permitted much support for local populations. An inter-agency strategy is needed in order to reinforce the provision of services at the local level for both refugees and local communities.

Flow of information

The system for the management and exchange of information between agencies and local authorities set in the east of the country proved to be efficient. A similar system must be set up in the south of the country and at the capital level. Channels of communication between N’Djamena and Abéché, in particular between local authorities’ and national authorities, must be strengthened. The increasing number of humanitarian partners and the complexity of the situation require reinforced coordination

Acute Malnutrition (GAM) rate to 5%, as compared to 15.6% in February 2005. The Severe Acute Malnutriton (SAM) rate was at 1% as compared to 3% in February 2005. Given these results, as well as other nutritional indicators from the health centres, WFP decided to suspend the Blanket Supplementary Feeding (BSF) programme in all the camps as of September 2005. Supplementary Feeding and the Mother & Child Health (MCH) programmes will continue to run as usual. 5 According to UNHCR, one refugee woman was attacked by five local men while out collecting firewood in the Touloum area in early September. 6 14,500 CAR refugees of the old caseload were settled in Amboko camp near Goré, and another 15,500 refugees in Yaroungou near Danamadji. The Governemnt of Chad recognised the new refugee as prima facie refugees and granted authorisation for their relocation to Amboko camp which is now accommodating approximately 23,000 CAR refugees. 7 The site, proposed by the Chadian authorities received positive assessment from the UNHCR site planner. It is considered suitable both for the accommodation of newly arrived refugees (after June 2005) and for agricultural activities. At a traditional ceremony held in late September to formally acknowledge Gondje as the new refugee settlement, local village chiefs expressed their hope of benefiting from health and educational services made available to the refugees to be relocated to Gondje. 8 The voluntary repatriation of Chadians from the site of Boubou started on 20 September and the first convoy arrived on 21 September with 268 returnees. By the end October, a total of 1,400 refugees have been repatriated from CAR.

4 CHAD mechanisms. Chadian Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and representatives of local and national authorities must be encouraged to play a more pro-active role in coordination structures.9

Humanitarian and development agencies in Chad also called for the creation of a database to manage humanitarian information. A reliable system of information on host communities, including baseline data, is required in order to ensure effective monitoring, accurate evaluation and timely reactions of the humanitarian community.

Sector Key Accomplishments under CAP 2005

Coordination & Support - Sector working groups in place in Abéché and specific groups Services discussing assistance to Chadian host communities; - Working groups set up in N’Djaména.

Education - School classrooms built in ten of the twelve camps, and tents and other structures put in place in the remaining camps; - Teachers in all camps received training; - Schoolbooks and materials provided to all schools; - 40 pre-school teachers trained in each camp; - Enrolment of over 46,000 students at primary level alone; - Summer school activities organised in each camp.

Environment - System of organized collection of firewood put in place in several camps in the east; - Introduction of fuel-efficient stoves. Food - Provision of food to 193,300 refugees in eastern Chad; - Food for Work activities supporting local populations (4,800 households and a seed protection programme supporting another 4,000 families). Health - Set up of an Early Warning System for 193,300 refugees and 700,000 Chadians; - Set up of a Nutritional Surveillance System for 193,300 refugees; - Meningitis mass immunization campaigns for both refugees and local population - 58,139 people vaccinated; - Better health coordination in place. Multi-sector - Protection and assistance to more than 200,000 refugees in the east; - Implementation of small-scale QUIPs for host communities in the east. Safety and Security - Permanent Field Security Officer (FSO) based in Abéché to assist the FSO and humanitarian community operating in the east of the country. Water and Sanitation - Assistance to some 200,000 refugees in eastern Chad with the provision of safe water (12.6 litres/person/day) and sanitation (average: 33 persons/latrine); - Assist some 55,000 members of host communities through emergency hepatitis E response.

9 The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) organized a CAP workshop in early September to allow humanitarian agencies to reflect jointly on the main issues they will face in 2006. The humanitarian community agreed as main priorities the sharing of information and agreeing on common strategies to prioritise needs.

5 CHAD

Factors of instability Although Chad has finally ended its conflict with Libya, consequences of decades of violence and civil unrest remain. These include widespread proliferation of small arms; increasing levels of banditry and criminality; armed rebellion; as well as danger from land mines and unexploded ordnances (UXOs). In addition, tensions between refugee and host communities have continued to fuel a sense of insecurity. The political situation remains volatile and unpredictable. In June, a referendum opened President Idriss Déby the possibility to run for a third term in 2006. Within the opposition, the referendum has been considered as a major blow to the political consensus upon which the relative political stability of the past 15 years had been built. These political tensions exacerbate the risk of a return to non- peaceful means of contestation and raise concerns over the future stability of the country. State revenues have been low in 2005. The prices of cotton fell on the international market; expenditures on security increased as a result of the refugee crisis; revenues from exportation of cattle remained unpredictable. Regular strikes and demonstrations took place in N’Djaména, with teachers and other civil servants demanding payment of salary arrears.10 The country’s new oil production may become an additional factor of instability. There are great expectations among Chadians that oil revenues will translate into the improvements of infrastructure and health and education. Social tensions could exacerbate if oil revenues are diverted to cover costs of the refugee crisis or mishandled due to corruption. 11

External threats to the stability of Chad remain acute. The potential spillover effect of the crisis in Darfur and repeated cross-border raids by Janjaweed militia, as well as the alleged presence of 3,000 Chadian rebels across the border are very disturbing. In May the Government of Chad accused the Sudanese government of hosting Chadian rebels with the aim of destabilizing the country. As a result, the Government of Chad temporarily suspended its co-mediator role in the peace talks on Darfur. The Chadian army subsequently re-inforced its presence in the region. The massacre of 55 civilians by unidentified armed groups in the bordering village of Madeyouna, on 26 September, added to the concerns of the humanitarian community regarding security in the region.

Funds The CA 2005 for Chad appealed for US$ 182 million. This amount was revised during the Mid-Year Review (MYR) to US$ 224 million so as to reflect the increase operational costs linked to the Chadian context, the need to devote additional resources to host communities in the east and the need to address the changing situation in the south. As of 21 October, the CAP 2005 is only 54% funded. The level of funding received this year contrasts starkly with the response to the CAP 2004 (US$ 145 million), which was almost 88% funded. The stabilization of the crisis in the east allowed agencies to make increased efforts to improve their response. However, lack of funding hampered the implementation of many projects targeting host populations. It also undermined agencies’ efforts to address new influxes of CAR refugees into southern Chad. The humanitarian response was also initially weakened by the little number of NGOs present in this part of the country and by the lack of qualified local personnel.

10 Even though there has been a considerable rise in the price of petrol in the international markets during 2005, Chad has not benefitted from this increase as the Chadian crude oil is not of a good enough quality to benefit from this price rise. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) office in N’Djamena, the Government of Chad (GoC) is catching up with these arrears and is currently just one month behind in the payment of salaries. 11 The management and control of the oil revenues are being monitoried by a specially created body under a scheme agreed by the GoC, the oil companies operating in Chad and the World Bank. The ‘College de Controle et de Surveillance des Ressources Petrolieres’, (CCSRP), is the oversight committee in charge of monitoring government expenditure on priorities such as schools, hospitals, and roads. Initial CCSRP reports have been critical of the way the revenues have been spent.

6 CHAD

3. THE 2006 COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN

3.1 THE CONTEXT AND ITS HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES

3.1.A THE CONTEXT

In 2003 and 2004 eastern Chad had experienced a massive and continuous influx of Sudanese refugees. In 2005, the situation stabilized; the influx stopped. Only few isolated new arrivals occurred. On the other hand, on-going security concerns in Sudan prevented any significant return to happen. Eastern Chad currently hosts about 220,000 refugees. The settlement of a large number of refugees in an area lacking of natural resources, basic social services and infrastructure weighs heavily on Chadian populations whose human development indicators remain on the brink of a humanitarian situation.

With a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.341 in 2003,12 Chad is indeed at the lower end of the development scale. Nearly 7 out of 10 Chadians suffer from severely reduced life expectancy. Standards of health, education and well being remain remarkably low. This on-going situation is the result of a conjunction of disturbing factors:13

• Reigning political instability, which has prevented various plans and programmes from being fully implemented; • Poor programming of certain activities, which have not taken into account the local context or the real needs of the population; • Insufficient monitoring of certain activities during their implementation; • Lack of grassroots participation in the design of development programmes and policies; • Lack of durability of programmes undertaken in the infrastructure and the educational sectors.

The high turnover of staff in the public sector and the lack of capacity and management at local, regional and national levels are additional causes. These have translated into poor social indicators for the vast majority of the Chadian population. According to the last United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report (HDR), Chad’s human poverty index stands at 58.8%:14

• 45.2% probability at birth of not surviving to age 40;15; • 74.5% adult illiteracy rate;16 • 66% population without sustainable access to a safe water source;17 • 28% of children under weight for their age;18 • 64% of the population living below the national income poverty line;19 • 3 physicians per 100,000 people;20 • 16 % births attended by skilled health personnel;21 • 43.6 years life expectancy at birth;22 • 117 per 1,000 live births infant mortality rate;23 • 200 per 1,000 live births under-five mortality rate;24 • 1,100 per 100,000 live births maternal mortality rate.25

12 UNDP HDR 2005. Latest available figures refer to 2003 statistics. 13 Stratégie Nationale de Réduction de la Pauvreté, Ministère du Plan, du Développement et de la Coopération, N’Djaména, June 2003 14 Chad is ranked at position 100 out of 103 countries, UNDP HDR 2005. 15 2000-05, % of the cohort, UNDP HDR 2005 16 2003, Ages 15 and above, UNDP HDR 2005 17 2002, UNDP HDR 2005 18 1995-2003, % under age 5, UNDP HDR 2005 19 1990-2003, UNDP HDR 2005 20 1990-2004, UNDP HDR 2005 21 1995-2003, UNDP HDR 2005 22 2000-05, UNDP HDR 2005 23 2003, UNDP HDR 2005 24 2003, UNDP HDR 2005 25 Adjusted 2000, UNDP HDR 2005

7 CHAD

TABLE 1: HDI IN CHAD BY REGIONS

Prefecture HDI Prefecture HDI Chari- Baguirmi 0,430 Logone Oriental 0,379 Logone Occidental 0,422 Biltine 3,378 Moyen Chari 0,413 Bata 0,368 Tandis Qu 0,396 Kanem 0,356 Ouaddai 0,395 Guaira 0,350 BET 0,388 Lac 0,319 Mayo-Kebbi 0,383 Salamat 0,259 National: 0,406

Source: National Human Development Report for Chad, 2000, in : Stratégie Nationale de Réduction de la Pauvreté, Ministère du Plan, du Développement et de la Coopération, N’djamena, June 2003

There are important disparities from prefectures to prefectures. Prefectures hosting the three principal cities of the country have an HDI above the national average, i.e. Chari-Baguirmi (N’Djaména), Logone Occidental (Moundou) and Moyen Chari (Sarh). On the contrary, the HDI in the eastern prefectures, where Sudanese refugees settled, remain well under the national average. The Logone Oriental region, in which CAR refugees are hosted, suffers from a similar regional inequality.

In eastern Chad, the overuse of arable land (especially in the ouadis), the use of existing fields to host refugee camps26 and the high population growth have increased pressure on food stocks and natural resources, including water and pasture lands. The presence of refugees has resulted in higher inflation, food deficit in some areas where crops used to exceed requirements and conflicts over access to natural resources. Refugees’ animals roaming freely and destroying fields led to inter- community conflicts. The arrival of non-immunized livestock27 increased the risk of epidemics. Assessment missions led in eastern Chad at the end of 2004 found that the local communities were facing severe difficulties in providing for themselves. The missions concluded that host populations had become ‘as vulnerable as the refugees’. Insecurity on the Sudanese border, which continues to disturb rural activities is a further cause of increased vulnerability of populations in the area.

In 2005, UN humanitarian agencies and their partners addressed the needs of refugees. In addition, they started expanding their operations so as to respond to the needs of local populations. UNHCR launched a series of small-scale QUIPs and helped set up relevant approval committees.28 WFP increased its assistance to the local population by providing food to vulnerable groups such as young children, pregnant women, nursing mothers and the elderly. WFP also developed ‘Food for Work’ schemes with its partners.29 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) supported children’s vaccination in host communities as part of its measles and polio vaccination campaigns. In addition, UNICEF expanded its support for therapeutic feeding centres (TFCs) to host communities and schools. A number of incidents between refugees and members of the local community were reported in 2005. They were mostly related either to firewood collection outside the camps or to sexual and gender- based violence. In May 2005, violent incidents in some of the refugee camps raised further concerns30. Activities in some of the camps had to be temporarily suspended for security reasons.31 To address these concerns, in Touloum camp (one of the settlements most affected by recent violence) discussions between local authorities, the Sultan, UN agencies and implementing partners to establish a joint conflict management committee are taking place. The committee is expected to help better tackle problems and disputes that might arise between refugees and host populations.

26 The camps of Bredjing, Treguine, Kounoungo, Goz Amir and Djabal were built on 600 former agricultural fields. 27 Estimated to be around 1.5 million. 28 In May 2005 UNHCR organized a joint field visit with local government authorities to the departments of Dar Sila and Assoungha in the east to identify possible QUIP projects to be funded by UNHCR. By August, UNHCR reported that the coordination cell headed by the ‘Delegué Régional du Plan’ was fully functional and that the rate of implementation of these projects had improved significantly. At that stage, 12 projects had been identified in the several departments hosting refugees, nine of which had already been cleared by the pre- selection committee at the department level. 29 Food is earned in return for work on projects to build local assets and infrastructure. 30 During a re-registration exercise in May 2005, refugees in some of the camps created disturbances, forcing humanitarian agencies to suspend activities for a number of days in the camps of Touloum and Iridimi, and for precautionary measures in Mile and Kounoungo. The issue was later resolved after agreements with the authorities were signed. Refugees accepted that the registration exercise be completed and recognized the GoC authority over the camps. 31 Violent disturbances also arose in Am Nabak camp in May 2005, apparently related to issues of mishandled distribution of plastic sheeting. Two refugees and one gendarme lost their lives in the incident.

8 CHAD

In 2005, the south of the country witnessed the arrival of an additional 12,500 Central African refugees who fled growing insecurity in northern CAR. This new caseload adds to the 30,000 refugees already present in southern Chad since 2003. As in eastern Chad, the influx of refugees into a traditionally self-supporting region weighs heavily on the local populations and environment. The settlement of 42,500 CAR refugees over the past three years in a country that already suffers from chronic food insecurity and poor development raises serious concerns. Besides, the continued movement of Chadian nomads into the southern parts of the country is increasing the potential for inter-community conflicts. To address this evolving situation, UNHCR and other humanitarian organisation stepped up their operations in the south. The on-going chaotic situation in northern CAR may cause further displacement of populations in the future and efforts must be pursued. . .

National Reduction Poverty Strategy In 2003, in order to benefit from Bretton Woods institutions’ programs for Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC), the Chadian government prepared a National Poverty Reduction Strategy.32. The exercise helped set up an inventory of the already existing sector strategies to fight poverty. Chadian authorities have now begun to strengthen national institutions to implement these strategies, such as CNAR33—Chad’s national refugee agency. This strengthened national capacity, supported by the UN, will help respond adequately to humanitarian situations in the country.

3.1.B THE HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES

The presence of refugees in eastern Chad has disturbed local population’s living environment. Pressure on food stocks has increased, leading to inflation and food deficits. The arrival of non- immunized livestock augmented the risk of epidemics. Existing scarce natural resources (water, pasture land, etc.) are overused and arable areas are not any longer given the possibility to lie fallow. The clearing of lands to set refugee camps has led to a scarcity of wild harvest products (fruits, wild cereals) and further contributed to food insecurity. This situation was compounded by last year’s low rainfall, which resulted in decrease of food production and earlier drying up of water points. This year good rainy season in 2005 should help alleviate those concerns. But as long as violence in Darfur will persist, a significant return of refugees to Sudan will remain unlikely; and pressures on Chadian populations and environment will continue. To avoid the situation to deteriorate further and help avert potential inter-community violence, humanitarian agencies must balance their operations between assistance to refugees and aid to host communities.

The humanitarian situation in the south of the country remains serious and poses major challenges. Access to vulnerable population remains difficult during the rainy season. CAR refugees remained for a long time cut-off from any assistance and their transfer to the camp of Gore - hampered by logistical difficulties - took too long. The situation resulted in cases of malnutrition amongst new arrivals.34 WFP has encountered difficulties in providing regular food aid.35 Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) provided technical support to agricultural programmes funded by UNHCR though. Local populations who hosted incoming refugees before their transfer to camps have also been seriously affected. 2006 should see a more systematic inter-agency response to both refugees and host communities’ needs. Given its potential humanitarian consequences for Chad, developments of the situation in CAR require close monitoring.

32 Stratégie Nationale de Réduction de la Pauvreté, Ministère du Plan, du Développement et de la Coopération, N’djamena, June 2003 33 Commission Nationale d’Accueil et de Réinsertion des Réfugies 34 UNHCR was advised of a spike in recorded malnutrition concurrent with the most recent arrivals in August: 27 cases of severe malnutrition were detected together with 100 cases of moderate malnutrition in the Amboko camp. UNHCR and its implementing partner COOPI are investigating the reason for the spike and monitoring the situation closely. 35 The 1,800 Kcal ration was consensually agreed following the August 2004 WFP/UNHCR JAM. As of November, WFP has agreed to increase the food ration distributed to refugees who have arrived in the south since June 2005. The increase is intended to help arrest and reverse elevated rates of malnutrition and mortality among the new arrivals, particularly children. However, it is important to underline that until mid-2005, the Emergency Operation (EMOP) was poorly funded thus hampering WFP to provide on regular basis the agreed quantities

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3.2 SCENARIOS Best scenario

In the east, a peace agreement is signed between the Sudanese Government and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA). The crisis in Darfur comes to an end. A large number of Sudanese refugees are able to return to their places of origin with the coordinated support and assistance of the humanitarian community. No tensions are reported between returning refugees and population who remained in Sudan throughout the crisis. Agencies adapt their actions towards development programs for Chadian host populations.

The security situation improves in northern parts of the CAR. Central African refugees are able to return to their country of origin. Humanitarian workers are guaranteed proper access to these areas of CAR and assistance is provided at the places of origin.

Worst scenario Political instability worsens in Sudan, with severe consequences on the bordering area with Chad. Violence and banditry in CAR is increasing. Instability in the east, south and the rest of Chad is growing. The situation generates population and refugee displacements. Humanitarian access to affected populations is limited. Humanitarian consequences on the refugees and the host population are serious.

Most likely scenario In the east, the conflict in Darfur continues; insecurity at large pervades. Refugees are unable to return to Sudan and remain in the camps. The long-standing presence of refugees aggravates tensions with the local population. Increase assistance to hosts population become imperative. Initiatives targeting refugees must develop a long-term vision. Establishment of sustainable services for both refugees and local populations is required.

In the south, continued violence and banditry force a larger number of CAR refugees to flee towards southern Chad. In some areas of northern CAR humanitarian agencies are able to initiate basic assistance and help improve socio-economic conditions. Initial repatriation of small groups is made possible by late 2006. Chadian refugees on the other side of the border return to their areas of origin. Agencies begin to address the humanitarian needs of host populations.

3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Taking into consideration the most likely scenario and the long-standing presence of Sudanese refugees in the east, the humanitarian community in Chad must continue to implement multi-sector programmes that address basic needs of both refugees and host communities. In the south, UN agencies and their partners need to intensify their operations in order to address essential needs of refugees and improve the living conditions of affected local populations. This balanced approach will alleviate suffering amongst the two groups and help reduce the growing tensions between the two communities. Finally, the humanitarian community must strive to prepare the transition from relief to recovery.

In light of the previous elements, agencies carried out joint analysis and agreed on the following strategic priorities for 2006:

• Provide and maintain assistance to refugees in camps, according to international standards; • Provide protection and foster peaceful coexistence between camps and surrounding communities through the implementation of balanced projects for both groups; • Reduce the impact of the presence of refugees on host communities and natural resources and promote occupation/income-generating activities for the refugees; • Reinforce the Government’s capacity to respond and address the humanitarian emergency.

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Expected results are:

• Needs of refugees are addressed. Refugees have access to basic services in a peaceful atmosphere of coexistence; • Needs of affected host populations are addressed in a sustainable way; • Living conditions in camps conform to Chadian laws and respect refugees’ rights; • Public services are strengthened and become efficient in the short and medium term; • Environmental and gender factors are considered in all projects.

Indicators: • Numbers of refugees assisted; • Humanitarian condition of the assisted populations in regards to international standards; • Number of families using alternative energy sources in camps and surrounding villages; • Number of projects which benefit to local populations, in terms of number of beneficiaries and the investment made; • Number of community / socio-cultural / economic initiatives in villages surrounding camps; • Number of water points available in host areas.

SECTOR FOCAL POINT Comment

A) Agriculture FAO / WFP

B) Coordination and support services OCHA / UNHCR

C) Economic Recovery and UNDP / FAO / UNHCR / WFP Infrastructure

D) Education UNICEF / UNHCR / WFP

C) Family shelter and non-food Family Shelter and Non-food Items and Food are items UNHCR / UNICEF combined in the same group

Family Shelter and Non-food Items and Food are D) Food WFP combined in the same group

E) Health WHO / UNICEF / UNHCR

Mine Action has been replaced by the Environmen sector to better reflect the nature of the refugee F) Environment UNHCR crisis in Chad. Mine action initiatives are located in

the north of Chad, and are not related to the humanitarian crisis in the country.

G) Multi-sector Sector devoted to the provision of protection and UNHCR assistance to refugees H) Protection/human rights/rule of law UNHCR / OCHA

I) Security UNDSS

J) Water and sanitation UNICEF / UNHCR

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3.4 RESPONSE PLANS

3.4.A AGRICULTURE

EAST

Context Agricultural activity in eastern Chad is complicated by a weakening respect for traditional migration routes (i.e. “transhumance”) recurrent drought (although 2005 appears to have been a welcome exception) and locusts.

Of the 220,000 refugees in eastern Chad, approximately 20,000 refugees are not living in the camps and, for the most part, are not receiving assistance. They rely on their meagre resources including their own food production and income, generated through agricultural related activities. The host populations have been assisted by International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and UN agencies with a distribution of seeds and tools.

A significant source of tension between refugees and local populations is livestock grazing on agricultural land. Fodder stocks required for refugee livestock have swelled to over two million tonnes. The cost of grazing, notwithstanding the environmental impact, is about three times higher than it was before the refugees’ arrival.

FAO coordinates the agricultural assistance and provides technical assistance while UNHCR and WFP provide logistical and financial assistance to the agriculture sector. Non-governmental actors include International Relief and Development (IRD), Secours Catholique pour le Développement (SECADEV). INTERSOS, OXFAM, and Africare.

Objectives • Increase the number of households benefiting from agricultural assistance; • Better targeting of the host population; • Refocusing emergency assistance on priority areas (e.g. food security, income generation and preservation of agricultural production bases around the camps); • Better selection of the area of action based on potential for agricultural production; • Prevent dispute between the refugees and the host population and reduce problems associated with refugee livestock rearing; • Increased technical support for the rehabilitation of rural agricultural infrastructure.

Indicators • Improved rate of agricultural productivity in areas of UN humanitarian action; • Supplementary income generated by the refugees and local populations surrounding camps benefiting from emergency agricultural assistance; • Increase in the number of agricultural producers’ organisations and individuals able to access agricultural inputs; • Increase in the number of local technicians trained in agricultural productivity.

SOUTH

Context The situation in the South of Chad is characterised by a previously unreliable food pipeline for the now 42,500 CAR refugees. This has resulted until now in occasional food distribution delays. The 1,800 Kcal was consensually agreed following the August 2004 WFP/UNHCR JAM, and was the basis for WFP’s project figures. However, until mid-2005, the WFP emergency operation was poorly funded thus hampering WFP to provide on a regular basis the agreed quantities. This led to tension among the refugees and also between the refugees and local populations as refugees have had to seek supplementary food outside the settlements.

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On the other hand, refugees in the south enjoy more possibilities than refugees in the east to access land for agricultural production and enter into income generation activities. To supplement the limited assistance available, priority must be given to:

- Promotion of households’ own food production; - Enhancement of refugees’ ability to generate income from the sale of the food production; - Provision of safety nets for the vulnerable; - Enhancement of contingency stocks.

Objectives • Ensure food security and avoid health problems (particularly for children) associated with the lack of food assistance and the resort to wild foods; • Promote self-reliance among refugee farmers and increase the capacity to purchase food; • Establish safety nets addressing special needs of vulnerable refugees through community-based mechanisms and nutritional inputs; • Ensure availability of minimum food stocks and enhance food storage and conservation; • Ensure rational management of crop resources by communities.

Indicators • Refugees have access to required quantity and quality of food (women and children in particular); • Refugees are able to produce at least 50% of their cereal needs and 30% of their vegetable needs (leading simultaneously to a decrease in the malnutrition rate); • Existence of food surpluses allowing refugees to generate income and address non-food needs; • Existence of nutritional support mechanisms for vulnerable refugees; • Increased FAO programming and technical support, particularly in favour of women and households with special needs.

3.4.B COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

Following the influx of refugees from Central African Republic (CAR) into southern Chad in 2003 and the influx of refugees from Sudan to eastern Chad in 2004, UNHCR was invited by the GoC to assist in addressing the situation. Originally in the nature of an emergency response, UNHCR together with WFP, the national refugee authority (CNAR) and a modest number of international and local NGOs began relief efforts in southern and, somewhat later, eastern Chad.

Soon thereafter other UN agencies, including UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO), FAO and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), joined the relief effort. In 2004, a Humanitarian Coordinator (HC) was appointed to oversee overall coordination of humanitarian efforts (i.e. not merely for the refugees but for local populations affected deleteriously by the presence of the refugees). The HC called upon OCHA to assist him in his efforts to ensure, inter alia, an effective exchange of information among the different actors and summarize and share key information. In furtherance of this objective, OCHA is proposing in 2006 to establish both a documentation centre and a database for projects.

Concurrently, the HC, assisted by OCHA, has launched at the national level a new countrywide coordination mechanism based on sectoral (thematic) working groups. The working groups are each led by a UN agency and are intended to enhance coordination at the capital level between the field, ministries, donors, NGOs and, of course, UN agencies.

OCHA is also gathering different humanitarian agencies together on a regular basis for discussions on how to better coordinate between the different organizations. As such, OCHA’s main policies are to:

• Advocate and advise on the safeguarding of humanitarian principles; • Establish and maintain a regular flow of information between different humanitarian agencies; • Provide regular briefings and analysis to the humanitarian community.

OCHA will continue to support coordination efforts in 2006 by hosting regular meetings between the various humanitarian agencies, and preparing and distributing reports containing key information on the general humanitarian situation, inter-agency co-ordination, security and sector activities. UNHCR

13 CHAD will continue to coordinate activities in refugee camps in collaboration with local authorities and operational partners.36

EAST

Coordination of activities for the refugee camps and for assistance to local populations is entrusted to UNHCR. UNHCR is working very closely with the local and regional authorities, UN agencies and NGOs through established sectoral (thematic) working groups headed by the relevant UN agencies, monthly meetings with the governors, coordination meetings and similar mechanisms.

The emergency having subsided and a phase of stability seemingly having been achieved, UNHCR anticipates substantially increased involvement by the Chadian authorities in 2006 in the management of activities and the lead on coordination of efforts in support of local populations.

SOUTH

As with the east, coordination of activities for refugees in the south is entrusted to UNHCR. With the arrival between June and September 2005 of an additional 12,500 refugees from CAR, the total refugee population in the southern region is 42,500. The recent influx has increased international awareness of the prevailing situation of deprivation in northern CAR and southern Chad and generated new willingness on the part of humanitarian actors to assist. Where formerly just UNHCR and WFP were present, UNICEF, WHO and FAO as well as several international NGOs have responded to the emergency with humanitarian and technical assistance.

The corollary of increased participation, of course, is increased complexity in coordination and communication. The challenge in these two areas in the southern operation is significant. A coordination structure similar to that used in Abeche is being organized. In 2006, it is anticipated that the system will be solidified and overall coordination between local authorities and humanitarian partners improved, taking into account too the needs of local populations.

Objectives • Reinforcement of coordination links between all humanitarian actors to maximize efficiency. efficiency and timeliness; • Development of a coordination model which can be expanded to other parts of the country and other situations (e.g. non-refugee situations) in Chad; • Increased synergy between government, UN agencies, donors and NGOs.

Indicators • Favorable feedback from donors on complementarity (e.g. absence of duplication) in humanitarian action on behalf of beneficiaries; • Positive feedback from government on same; • Satisfactory numbers of and range of activities for sectoral groups in N’djamena and the field; • NGOs’ participation in coordination mechanisms.

3.4.C ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

East

The successful actions carried out by the international community in the complex refugee situation in Eastern Chad have raised hopes and expectations among the local population for a better quality of life through service improvements. Some refugees, having preferred to live outside camps, have put additional pressure on the existing limited facilities by using services available to the local population. Consequently, general frustration and discontent among the local population in the refugee-impacted areas are threatening the coexistence between the two groups.

36 Co-ordination of camp activities is essential in helping national authorities optimise the usefulness and coherence of their emergency and rehabilitation measures.

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In a related positive development, the presence of the refugees in the area has promoted the emergence of more favourable market conditions, which foster growth and development through increased production and more effective distribution of goods and lead to higher standards of living for both refugees and host communities. The initiatives proposed by UNDP are aimed at stimulating growth and enhancing infrastructure development through grassroots participation in the identification of business opportunities and capacity building of local communities, particularly in areas such as small-scale business management, group savings and credit management.

To summarize, UNDP’s actions in this sector envisages the peaceful and positive coexistence of the refugees with the local communities, by reducing competition for scarce resources and infrastructures, and by improving incomes and livelihoods.

Objectives • Promote area-based development; • Enhance household’s livelihoods and incomes; • Enhance/strengthen entrepreneurial and business skills among host communities surrounding refugee camps; • Rehabilitate and preserve the environment; • Rehabilitate the existing infrastructures and restore basic social services; • Promote income-generating activities.

Indicators • Number of households with improved livelihoods; • Number of communities trained and carrying out income generating activities; • Number of households involved in the rehabilitation of the environment.

South

Due to the increased participation of refugees in market and economic activities outside the settlements and the emergence of businesses based on the refugees’ skills, the ground has been set for the promotion of income generating activities targeting especially women, both refugee and local. Similarly, the rehabilitation of classrooms and a variety of other buildings–administrative, grinding mills, food distribution centres, meeting areas, NGO offices and halls—should be continued and expanded so to cover the basic needs of the target population.

Objectives • Increase the capacity of refugees, particularly women, to generate income for basic needs: • Establish appropriate shelters for newly arriving CAR refugees; • Build required infrastructure to cover basic needs at new sites.

Indicators • Number of socio-economic initiatives resulting from appropriate opportunity and market analyses; • Access to market improved and enhanced demand/supply ratio including the promotion of goods and diversification of services; • Number of community-based micro-finance projects initiated; • Number of productive groups incorporating refugees and locals including women and persons with special needs; • Existence of secure shelter for each family and every refugee in dignified conditions, including more than 12,500 new arrivals.

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3.4.D EDUCATION

EAST

Context The educational system in eastern Chad suffers from a chronic shortage of infrastructure, school materials and funding. Despite the lack of precise figures for the areas surrounding refugee camps, the literacy rate is under the national average of 43%37. Most of the school facilities lack any solid structures, which can be used as classes, offices, or places to store material. Temporary wood or straw huts are the only means of shelter for students in the harsh climate of eastern Chad.

There is also a shortage of trained teachers, valid for both Ministry of Education (MoE) and community recruited teachers. Most schools rely on untrained teachers, paid by the community or parent committees. In general, overall sector conditions seem to discourage school enrolment and attendance.

The arrival of refugees in eastern Chad has affected the local schooling system in several ways. New employment opportunities with the humanitarian agencies encouraged community teachers to leave their schools to seek jobs in the refugee camps. At the same time, the better functioning schools in the refugee camps have had a mobilizing effect upon the local population, now increasingly demanding improvements for their schools.

In the refugee camps, agencies involved in the education sector attained considerable progress in 2005, whether it was in the construction of temporary classrooms, distribution of school materials or training of teachers. However, many schools teachers lack experience or do not have any teaching qualifications. Therefore, in order to provide quality education, there is a major need to enhance teachers’ capacities and skills.

During the schooling year 2004/05, almost 50,000 school-aged children, out of a total of 61,000 in the camps, attended primary level school. Further strategies still need to be developed and implemented to increase the number of children attending various forms of schooling. As for the estimated 25,000 pre-school children (between 3 and 6 years) living in the camps, not much has been done so far.

In 2006, agencies need to provide structures for pre-school activities, along with playing materials, and additional training of pre-school animators. Due to the extreme poverty of refugees, there is also a shortage of materials in schools, namely textbooks, and consumable materials. Temporary classrooms built during 2005 will also need systematic maintenance.

The primary goal of UNICEF and UNHCR involved in education activities in the refugee camps is to ensure the delivery of basic services in the field, both for pre-school and primary school education. Efforts directed towards adolescent education fall under wider protection issues. The education programme takes a multi-sectoral approach, using school structures to link up with Child Protection issues (e.g. training of teachers in children’s rights and through mine awareness education), health and nutrition (e.g. awareness raising on HIV/AIDS), and water and sanitation (e.g. hygiene education).

For the host communities, a joint programme led by UNICEF, UNHCR and WFP has been formulated to respond to the education needs of the host community. The joint programme or “package”—a series of measures that will improve the quality of education in the region—targets 40 schools and receives considerable support to encourage children to attend school and assist them in their learning process. The first stage of the plan, to begin in the last quarter of 2005 and continue throughout 2006, involves the construction of physical infrastructure such as school buildings, latrines and wells in schools located next to the refugee camps. While UNHCR funds the construction of classes in 25 of these schools—other schools included in the package already have classes in place—UNICEF funds the construction of latrines and wells, and WFP provides food for canteens. For WFP, this activity represents an extension of its already existing school feeding programme in eastern Chad, offering school lunches to almost 40,000 pupils.

UNICEF, as the lead agency in the education sector for both refugees and host communities, works in close collaboration with UNHCR in the refugee camps. The Chadian MoE is involved in the

37 2001, UNICEF, source: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/chad.html

16 CHAD educational process in camps and host communities. Main NGOs involved in the education activities are CARE International, Christian Outreach Relief and Development (CORD), International Rescue Committee (IRC), Jesuit Refugee Services (JRS) / SECADEV, INTERSOS, Chad Red Cross (CRC), and Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland e.V. (ASB). UNICEF has been working with five NGOs to respond to the primary schools needs in camps, such as physical infrastructure, school materials, and textbooks and through on-going trainings for teachers. Refugee communities are also involved in the educational process, through parent-teacher committees in the planning and decision making stages.

In terms of monitoring of objectives, the education sector group (UNICEF, UNHCR, MoE and partner NGOs) meets alternatively every two weeks, for both the refugee camps and host communities, UNICEF also works in close coordination with the Chadian MoE and local authorities on all aspects of the programme, from its planning, implementation and monitoring.

Insufficient funding for education and the consequent disruption of educational activities, notably in refugee camps, could lead to an important number of children lingering around. Enrolling children in schools is seen as a means of protection, and as such they could be target to involvement in harmful or illegal activities. It is also important to mention that the absence of support for schools in host communities could lead to a further increase of tensions between refugee and host communities, with consequences on the general climate of security.

Objectives

1. Refugee Camps • To ensure that all children have access to quality education and that the number of enrolled students continuously increases; • To ensure conducive physical structures for learning and include adequate space for the classes, administration, recreation and sanitation facilities; • To ensure that sufficient teaching and learning materials are available; • To ensure that the Sudanese Curriculum is applied and that exams taken while in Chad are recognized in Sudan; • To improve teachers’ skills and capacities through on-going training and monitoring.

2. Host Communities • To improve the physical environment in which schooling takes place – including school structures, water and sanitation facilities and school furniture; • To ensure that children have access to essential materials to help them receive quality education; • To improve teachers’ skills and capacities; • To mobilize local communities to increase the number of children attending schools.

Indicators

1. Refugee camps • Enrolment / attendance rates for primary school / pre-school children; • Number of child friendly school classrooms in place and ratio number of students / classroom; • Number of teachers trained; • Number of children per textbook; • Approval rates at end of school exams.

2. Host Communities • Enrolment / attendance rates for primary school children; • Number of newly built classes, latrines and wells and in use; • Number of teachers trained and monitored.

BENEFICIARY POPULATION FOR EDUCATION SECTOR IN THE EAST OF Children CHAD (0-16) Primary school children (6-14 years) in camps 60,000 Primary school children (6-14 years) in host communities 11,000 Pre school children (3-6 years) 25,000 Total 96,000

17 CHAD

SOUTH

Context Prior to the most recent influx of CAR refugees, there were 4,189 children in primary school in the settlements (ranging from approximately 40% of girls of eligible school age in Grade 1 to 25% of such girls in Grade 6). The rate of young girls not attending school remains unsatisfactorily high. The number of girls at secondary level is about 12% of those eligible.

At Danamadji, not affected yet by the new CAR arrivals, refugees attend the local secondary school. In Goré, a portion of the secondary students also attends the local settlement school.

The total number of teachers in the southern refugee settlements is 78, making an average of 1 per 54 students. UNHCR pays full student fees and teacher salaries in the primary schools and partially at the secondary school. The literacy rate for women is about 10% and for men about 76%. Two primary schools have been built on the sites over the last two years.

In the future, it is envisaged that refugees will be absorbed by the local education system.

Objectives • Integrate refugees in the national education system and build local capacity accordingly, with UNICEF and UNHCR support; • Increase girls’ attendance to at least 50% in lower grades of primary school and to 30% in higher grades; • Promote life skills training for durable solutions, specially catering for youth, women and other refugees with special needs.

Indicators • Level of absorption of refugee children, teachers and schools in the national school system; • Level of joint arrangements between UNHCR and UNICEF and other educational actors on capacity building of local educational institutions, including training of teachers, refugees and locals; • Improvement of women’s literacy by at least 10%; • Rehabilitation/construction of long lasting school infrastructures; • Refugees’ gradual contribution to school fees.

3.4.E FAMILY SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS

EAST

Context Adequate shelter is provided by UNHCR to all refugees in the 12 camps in eastern Chad.

The opening of Gaga refugee camp in May 2005, the 12th refugee camp to be established in eastern Chad, eased the pressure on a number of other camps though relocations have not been so numerous as was hoped. Gaga however represents substantial additional receptive capacity in case of a deterioration of the situation in Darfur and further influxes.

Construction of semi-permanent structures for schools, community centres, distribution centres, gendarmes, national refugee authority and UNHCR and partner staff continues to be undertaken. Tents worn by wind and rain are being renewed at a rate of approximately 25% per year.

UNHCR continued to receive in camps in the east refugees who had been living in the border areas but desired to relocate, either for an increased sense of security or for access to assistance.

For 2006, following requests by UNHCR, the Government of Chad consented to the long sought move of Oure Cassoni and Am Nabak refugee camps further inland, away from the Sudanese border and rebel movements in the area. The desire of refugees to move and the funds for such move are, however, not certain.

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In terms of non-food items, soap, cooking materials, mosquito nets, blankets, stoves and, in one camp, fuel for stoves, jerry cans and buckets were distributed in 2004. Replacement of needed items took place in 2005 at a rate of 35%.

Significantly enhanced both in the current and coming year is UNHCR’s distribution of fuel-efficient stoves. These help simultaneously reduce the impact of refugees on the environment by obviating the need to gather and burn dead wood and increase refugee security by diminishing the chances of women (who do the bulk of the firewood collection) being raped while out gathering wood or of clashes with locals through competition for these resources. UNHCR has ordered several thousand of the stoves. One of its partners is assisting with a requisition for a further 1,300 stoves.

But at this stage, not every refugee family can be provided with a fuel-efficient stove. Therefore, organized collection of firewood has been established in all camps (meaning that refugees go out in groups to government-approved areas to gather needed fuel, reducing the possibility of conflict with locals and the risk of mistreatment).

Stocks of Non-Food Items (NFIs), after being loaned to the operation in the south, have been replenished in case of new arrivals from Sudan.

Similarly, the distribution of sanitary materials for all women in the camps has been organized and will be repeated periodically as required.

SOUTH

UNHCR and implementing partners have assisted refuges in the construction of more permanent shelters in the settlements, using environment-friendly technologies. Refugees have built no less than 574 houses. Refugees have also contributed to erecting other types of constructions, including 26 classrooms, administrative buildings, mills, food distribution centres, meeting areas, NGO offices, rub halls and storerooms. Access roads have been maintained but require further attention, in particular during the rainy season. The recent influx and the transfer of refugees from the border to the Gore settlement as well as the repatriation of Chadian returnees from CAR have put further strain on the roads. For the new caseload of refugees, adequate NFIs must be provided and an additional contingency stock must be established locally for up to 5,000 more refugees.

Objectives • Ensure long lasting accommodations of refugees opting to integrate locally in the future; • Ensure distribution of domestic/shelter items to all refugees, including the new arrivals, according to the agreed standard protocol and taking into account the special needs of specific groups; • Ensure smooth gradual transfer of refugees in the national social services, building the capacities of local structures and institutions; • Reduce logistical costs by establishing adequate contingency stocks in the south rather than transferring stock from the east.

Indicators • Availability of sufficient NFI stock for immediate assistance (as well as contingency needs); • Supply of targeted support to refugees with special needs, including distribution of sanitary materials to women; • Number of new arrivals receiving basic non-food items according to agreed distribution protocol; • Number of refugee families with adequate shelter.

3.4.F FOOD

EAST

Context The Sudanese refugees living in Eastern Chad are hosted in one of the poorest regions of the country and have barely null or limited coping mechanisms, thus continuing to be dependant on external assistance. WFP currently provides food aid assistance to approximately 200,000 refugees in 12 camps, through various feeding programs.38 As prospects for the return of the refugees to their areas

38 General food distribution, supplementary and therapeutic feeding programs, and Mothers and Child health care.

19 CHAD of origin are bleak, the need for food assistance programmes in 2006 is expected to remain at the same level as in 2005.

The overall food security situation and nutritional status of the refugee population has improved in 2005 and global malnutrition levels have dropped significantly. This has been possible due to the integrated assistance programmes implemented by WFP, UNHCR, WHO, UNICEF and other partners in a number of sectors, namely food aid, health, water and basic social services. The quality and coverage of programs for treatment of severe malnutrition has improved and key complementary programs, including WFP’s BSF and MCH care programs have also played a significant role to this effect.

According to the latest nutrition surveys conducted by WFP nutritional partners in the camps, the average GAM rates among under five children is below 9%, as compared to extremely high rates reported in mid 2004. As a result, by September 2005 humanitarian agencies phased out their BSF programs in all refugee camps. However, recent random-sample nutrition surveys still show a precarious nutritional situation in the Oure Cassoni camp and micro-nutrient deficiencies (vitamin A, C and iodine) in some other camps. Consequently, the nutritional and health situations will continue to require close surveillance during 2006.

Sudanese refugees, living in border areas outside the refugee camps, do not receive food aid. Given the fragile socio-economic conditions in Eastern Chad, and in the border areas in particular, refugees have added to the burden placed on the local population following the influx of thousands of refugees and poor harvests for several consecutive years. Food prices have risen, water and firewood resources are scarce, and even in some areas, and grazing lands have disappeared, with the cattle struggling to find something to eat.

In cooperation with other humanitarian agencies in Chad, WFP food assistance programs were expanded to local population in Eastern Chad and priorities were given to food security, agriculture, water, education, and health care sectors. In 2005, WFP provided food aid assistance to approximately 17,700 farming families through seed protection rations and 15,800 households through food for work initiatives, mainly to build/rehabilitate community infrastructure. WFP has also provided BSF to nearly 5,000 under-five children and pregnant/nursing mothers in the most food insecure areas in eastern Chad. With the upcoming harvest, BSF for host communities will be phased out.

Building on lessons learnt and best practices derived from 2005, food assistance in Eastern Chad for the coming year will be a continuation of current programmes.39 In 2006, WFP plans to provide food assistance to 228,000 people (including 200,000 refugees and 28,000 local residents) in eastern Chad. Findings of the WFP/ UNHCR /Donors /Government /Partners Joint Assessment Mission planned for October 2005 will be taken into account to further refine the food aid strategy for 2006 in favour of both refugees and the local population.

Food assistance to the local population, under the emergency programme, will be linked to WFP’s development activities to ensure sustainability and long-term improvement in the food security situation. Planned actions for host communities in 2006 will include MCH programmes and projects for creation of assets, in order to improve the medium/and long-term food and income acquisition.

The food security and nutritional situation of both refugees and host communities will be monitored through regular nutrition surveys and food basket monitoring activities40. A Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) will be conducted regularly by WFP’s Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping (VAM) Unit, in collaboration with FAO, UNICEF, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) – Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) Net and other key stakeholders, to identify food insecure communities in the most vulnerable areas where food could constitute the greatest development investment.

39 General food distribution to refugees, selective feeding programmes for malnourished under five children and pregnant and lactating women, and assistance to most vulnerable local communities through targeted initiatives; including food for work. 40 Under WFP leadership, all food assistance will be subject to monitoring and evaluation (M&E) based on logical frameworks as well as a M&E planning Matrix. WFP staff, partners and beneficiaries will be responsible for monitoring programme activities. Monitoring will be conducted at various levels of the project cycle: commodity movement, food distribution (food basket monitoring), use of food and impact on beneficiaries (post distribution monitoring), beneficiary participation in food management, nutritional surveys and CFSVAs. Baseline surveys, evaluations and case studies will be pursued to enhance accountability of programme results.

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WFP will provide general food distribution (GFD) to refugees mainly through international NGOs holding agreements with and whose activities are coordinated by UNHCR: CARE, SECADEV, INTERSOS, Agence de Coopération Technique et de Développement (ACTED) and International Federation of the Red Cross (IFRC). In partnership with Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), COOPI, Action Against Hunger – United States of America (AAH-USA) and International Medical Corps (IMC), WFP will also provide therapeutic and supplementary feeding assistance. Food basket and Post Distribution Monitoring as well as nutritional surveys will be conducted in collaboration with Premiere Urgence (PU) and AAH-USA. Food for work (FFW) and supported agricultural activities will be implemented in close cooperation with various local and international NGOs: AFRICARE, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), ACTED, Action for Greening Sahel (AGS) Japan, Association de Développement Economique et Social de Kouango (ADESK), Francophone Africa Deaf Trust (FADT), Project de Valorisation des Eaux de Ruissellement (PVERS), SECADEV, IRD and CARE.

Lack of implementation of the response plan will inevitably lead to malnutrition among children, increased mortality, especially for the most vulnerable segment of the population (infants and pregnant and lactating women), and increased vulnerability amongst host communities. While donor’s response in 2005 was adequate, it enabled WFP to address adequately food insecurity issues. The same response is expected to be required in 2006.41 Other risk factors that could hamper the humanitarian response are: increased insecurity in Eastern Chad and deteriorating road conditions in an already logistically very challenging operation.

Objectives • To ensure adequate access to food for 200,000 Sudanese refugees through the maintenance of minimum nutritional and dietary standards, with special attention to women, malnourished children and extremely vulnerable individuals; • To maintain and/or improve the nutrition and health status of approximately 10,500 children, mothers and other vulnerable Sudanese groups; • To protect livelihoods of local residents and enhance resilience to shocks through support to FFW and asset-creation initiatives.

Outcome Indicators • Stabilised and/or improved prevalence of acute malnutrition (GAM lower than 5%) among refugees in WFP-supported camps; • Stabilised and/or improved crude mortality rates (less than 1/10,000/day) among refugees in WFP-supported camps; • Recovery rate (target > 70%), mortality rate (target <3%), and defaulter rate (<15%) of children in supplementary feeding centres; • Recovery rate (target > 75%), mortality rate (target <10%), and defaulter rate (<15%) of children in therapeutic feeding centres; and, • Percentage share of household expenditure allocated to food among host communities affected by adverse conditions, including those impacted by the presence of Sudanese refugees.

Gender and Age Breakdown Beneficiary Population for Food in the East of Children Chad Women Men Total (0-16) Food-insecure vulnerable groups 79,380 67,620 63,000 210,000 FFW / training 6,084 5,616 6,30042 18,000 Total 85,464 73,236 69,300 228,000

41 The greatest risk is thus lack of funding. As put recently by the WFP Executive Director, Mr. James Morris, in a joint UNHCR/WFP appeal: “refugees in camps are extremely vulnerable to hunger and malnutrition, they rely upon the generosity of their host and the international community, for the most basic food and other items”. 42 Children do not participate in FFW but benefit from a family ration.

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SOUTH

Context Since July 2003, WFP has been providing emergency food assistance to some 30,000 CAR refugees who fled into neighbouring southern Chad. Since July 2005, more than 12,500 new refugees have crossed the border, adding to the old caseload. The prevailing insecurity and the continuous influx of refugees from northern CAR prevent their return in the short term. The situation also accentuates the already fragile condition of the old caseload and increases tensions with the host communities.

Up to date, no nutritional surveys have been conducted in either of the two refugee settlements. However, cases of malnutrition were reported among the newly arrived refugees in the Amboko camp. Lack of adequate infrastructures and skilled technical staff managing the nutrition centres has not allowed UNHCR, WFP and partners to obtain accurate data on those cases nor the overall nutritional status of the populations in the camps. In addition, local health services in the region are poorly equipped and under-staffed to provide adequate services to both refugees and local populations.

Historically, the operation in the south has suffered from low donor interest and under-funding. With the increased international attention accompanying the recent arrivals in southern Chad, an increase in the food ration was undertaken for the new arrivals WFP is currently assisting some 42,500 refugees in two sites through various feeding programs, including general distributions, BSF and MCH.

WFP priorities and planned projects for the coming year will be a continuation of 2005 programmes.43 WFP plans to provide food assistance to 45,000 refugees in Southern Chad, however the findings of the WFP/UNHCR/Donors/Government/Partners Joint Assessment Mission planned for October 2005 will be taken into account to further refine the food aid strategy for 2006.

WFP implementing partners in both camps will monitor food security and nutritional situation of refugees through regular screening, food basket and post-distribution activities by partners. Strategic partnerships with UNHCR and technical and development-oriented partners (FAO, UNDP, GTZ and other NGOs) will be established in the implementation of self-reliance activities. Monitoring will be conducted in partnership with UNHCR at various levels of the project cycle: commodities movement, food distribution, use of food and impact on beneficiaries, beneficiary participation in food management, nutrition survey and CFSVAs.

GFD to refugees in the south will be provided mainly through African Concern. Supplementary feeding assistance will be provided in partnership with COOPI, while FFW and assisted agricultural activities will be implemented by UNHCR, FAO and Africare. Lack of implementation of the response plan would result in malnutrition among children, increased mortality, especially among the most vulnerable segment of the population (infants and pregnant and lactating women).

Given the insecurity in northern CAR, an additional influx cannot be ruled out which would result in an immediate need for additional resources. Additionally, logistics constraints, particularly during the rainy season, could hamper food distributions to refugees.

Objectives • Save life of refugees while ensuring basic food needs through general food distribution; • Protect livelihood and enhance shock resilience, through the creation of food supported assets and the promotion of self-reliance activities; • Support and improve the nutrition and health status of groups with special needs mainly children, pregnant and lactating women, through supplementary feeding programmes.

Outcome Indicators • Stabilized and/or improved prevalence of acute malnutrition (GAM lower than 5%) among refugees; • Stabilized and/or improved crude mortality (less than 1/10,000/day) among refugees;

43 These include reduced general food distribution to refugees, selective feeding programmes for malnourished under five children and pregnant and lactating women, and increased support to refugee self reliance activities through agricultural and food-for-work schemes.

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• Recovery rate (target > 70%), mortality rate (target <3%), and defaulter rate (<15%) of children in supplementary feeding centres.

Gender and Age Breakdown Beneficiary Population for Food Children Women Men Total (0-16) Food-insecure vulnerable groups 18,270 13,320 13,500 45,000 FFW / training 1,000 1,000 2,000 Total (beneficiaries of both activities are the 18,270 13,320 13,500 45,000 same)

3.4.G HEALTH

EAST

Context In the East areas of Chad (Ouaddaï, Wadi Fira, and Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti (BET)) where Sudanese refugees from Darfur are hosted, humanitarian conditions are stabilizing. Thanks to the international community, facilities in health and nutrition sector are available and have contributed to reduce notably morbidity, mortality and malnutrition rates. However, risks of epidemics occurrence in the case of transmittable diseases related to contaminated water, poor sanitation and promiscuity, such as cholera, hepatitis E, typhoid, meningitis, and others, still remain relatively high. HIV/AIDS is another threat to be addressed.

Care services are provided to refugees through the implementation of “Minimum Activities Package” and “Complementary Activity Package”. These packages do not include mental care services when numerous refugees had suffered psychological trauma before and/or during their exodus. The need for mental health services remains, as there is no available relevant service in the area, neither for refugees, nor for host populations.

There is a disparity in the access to health care for Sudanese refugees vis-à-vis Chadian host populations. Even though the latter can have free care offered by humanitarian organizations in refugee camps, those attending public services in villages must pay for lower quality health care. Accessibility to health care for such destitute populations is thus hampered by financial costs.

Objectives In order to ensure and maintain the response to health needs for refugee and local populations with compliance to international standards, the following objectives have been agreed: • Continue the full implementation of Minimum Activities Package/ Complementary Activity Package; • Provide refugees with access to psychological support and mental care in their communities; • Prevent spreading of HIV/AIDS among local and refugee populations; • Reinforce refugee and local populations’ capacity to reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS.

Indicators44 • Coverage of refugees’ basic health needs in medical centres or referred to local hospitals; • Malnutrition and immunization rates of under-five children; • Rates of HIV/AIDS people sensitised among refugees and host populations and accessing standards care; • Number of multi disciplinary teams in mental health; • Attendance rate at public health centers;

44 These indicators have been defined in a workshop organized with representatives of organizations working at the field level, among others WHO, UNICEF, United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), UNHCR, OCHA, IRC, CARE, Humanitarian Aid Department of the European Commission (ECHO), MSF – Holland, and Croix Rouge Tchad (CRT).

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SOUTH

Context Health services are provided to all refugees in the southern part of Chad. However, the new CAR refugee caseload that has arrived in Amboko site since June 2005 presents high prevalence of malnutrition rates and poor health conditions. This has put additional strains on the capacity of health and nutrition facilities serving both refugees and local populations in Gore, which are no longer in a position to provide acceptable services. Hence, there is a real risk of deterioration of the health and nutrition conditions for all the refugee and surrounding population in the south if immediate measures are not taken.

The local health clinics/hospitals in the two districts are barely functional and regularly short on medicines, equipment and staff. With the recent influx of refugees in Goré, they will be even more overburdened, while the referral hospital in Gore in particular is in poor conditions. The health sector requires significant reinforcement, to ensure that local populations are also able to benefit. Over time, refugee settlement-based facilities should be integrated into the national system. Moreover, a satisfactory communication and referral system between the clinics and the districts needs to be established and the referral hospitals reinforced.

Objectives • Reinforce and improve the capacity of facilities to address medical and nutritional care; • Integrate refugee health services into the national system; • Ensure equal access to health care, including all refugees’ access to information campaigns and training on reproductive health, HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); • Evaluate health concerns so as to prevent epidemics and other diseases in refugee settlements; • Facilitate transfer of refugee health skills upon repatriation.

Indicators • Coverage of refugees’ basic health needs and local population in medical centres or referred to hospitals; • Percentage of women consulting vs. total number of consultations; • Immunization for children 0-5 years of age and malnutrition rate; • Attendance rate at public health centers; • Rates of HIV/AIDS people sensitised among refugees and host populations.

3.4.H ENVIRONMENT

EAST

Context In terms of the environment, a word which in the context of Chad is usually preceded by an adjective such as "hostile" or "unforgiving" or "desolate,” two issues stand out: water and firewood.

Details with respect to water are available in the water/sanitation portion of the instant report. With respect to firewood, the vastly increased demand for this form of non-renewable fuel by more than 200,000 refugees represents a significant challenge to environmental sustainability in the region.

In addition to the environmental challenge, firewood collection presents a leading risk factor for sexual and gender-based violence. It is principally women who are tasked with gathering firewood. If they do so in an unorganised manner outside the camps, they are frequently attacked and sexually abused. Additionally, the collection of firewood, given its relative scarcity, causes friction between refugees and local populations, frequently resulting in clashes involving physical violence. Identifying and making available alternative fuel for all the refugees in eastern Chad is an enormous task.

Other environmental concerns include: • High density of animals in the region (both agriculturalists and pastoralists raise animals) and the competition over grazing lands and trampling of agricultural crops leading to desertification; • Soil fertility;

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• Tree planting (sometimes complex in a culture where planting a tree can signify that the individual who planted it intends to remain forever, a threatening proposition when trees are being planted by refugees); • Availability and sustainability of water (as noted above); • Weak environmental protection regime, infrastructure and human resources; • Poor data.

Objectives • Systematically measure impact of refugees on environment and identify appropriate recuperative measures; • Ensure local populations enjoy access to environmental enhancements; • Attract greater number of resourced environmental actors to region; • Transition refugees to alternative fuel sources; • Identify sufficient sustainable water supplies for refugees and local populations; • Increase tree planting.

Indicators • Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) study completed and actions identified; • Partners identified for environmental rehabilitation projects; • Mechanisms established for collaboration on environmental issues with government; • Local populations benefiting from environmental sector initiatives; • No unregulated firewood collection (i.e. either organized or need for done away with); • Targets for new tree plantings reached.

SOUTH

The south of Chad is part of the « zone soudanienne » and has an average rainfall of 800 mm to 1,300 mm a year. This zone hosts 40% of the total Chadian population. The refugees live in the Logone Oriental, which has the most fertile soil in the country and has the greatest potential for agriculture development, in particular for sorghum, peanuts, maize, cassava and sesame. The climate presents two distinct seasons: the rainy season (from May to October) and the dry season (from November to April) with two predominant winds (the monsoon – humid, and the Harmattan – dry wind).

However, this region is not able at present to attain food self-sufficiency for its population. More than 80% of the active population is involved in agriculture. It is mainly based on subsistence agriculture with about 20% of its cereal production sold. Rice, cotton, fruits and vegetables represent the main income production with less than 10% use for direct consumption. Livestock represents another 30% of the income for local populations.

Constraints • Administrative Constraints o The limited capacities for water and forest management and the protection of natural resources; o Lack of technical staff for the administrative and the regional authorities - current staff is often not very well trained and usually employed on a voluntary basis; o Lack of working facilities, adequate office equipment, and/or transportation means is commonplace in the administration. Moreover, salaries are low and not regularly paid.

• Operational Constraints o Environmental management practices are not very developed; o Scarce available information on recent environmental situation and potential is missing;45 o Road network is not very developed and not adapted to heavy and frequent truck loads. Many parts of the region are not accessible throughout the rainy season.

45 As a case in point, the best maps at 1:200’000 scale were prepared in the fifties and the sixties; the last census on animals took place in 1967, and geographical data in a broader sense was published in 1972 for the last time.

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Constraints Related to Livestock • The coexistence of livestock and agriculture and the non-respect of transhumance corridors create tension between communities and between refugees and local populations; • The movement of livestock within Chad and across the border with CAR and the limited veterinarian control leading to the risk of conveying diseases.

Objectives • Support the production of timber, fodder, fruits and other non-timber products originating from the woody vegetation; • Support land protection covered with woody (lignin) plant based vegetation (tree step, tree savannah, bush step, gallery forests, tree plantations, etc.); • Promote the use of alternative fuel energies protecting natural resources; • Build the capacities of local institutions and refugees for the protection and best use of natural resources and agriculture potentials.

Indicators • Land surface covered with tree vegetation as per type of vegetation: dry forests, gallery forests, tree savannah, bush step, tree plantation full and in line [nbr. Ha]; • Quantity of wood collected [volume steres in kilograms or tonnes]; • Number of families using fuel saving stoves; • Land surface of new tree plantations [nbr ha, nbr ]; • Land surface of protected forest based area geared towards production of timber and non- timber products [nbr ha]; • Land surface of protected natural forest [nbr ha]; • Number of single trees planted [nbr of trees]; • Abundance of wild animal species [nbr per species]; • Number of transhumance corridors in place and respected by cattle herders; • Number of agro forestry initiatives such as compost, plantation of natural edges to fix the nitrogen in the soil, etc.

3.4.I MULTI-SECTOR

EAST

UNHCR together with its partners provides protection and multi-sectoral assistance to more than 200,000 Sudanese refugees in 12 camps in eastern Chad. A further 20,000 refugees reside outside camps in the border areas.

For the eastern operation, UNHCR maintains a sub office in Abeche and field offices in Bahai, Iriba, Guereda, Farchana (formerly in Adre) and Goz Beida. It coordinates the efforts of more than 25 implementing partners in all sectors of assistance relevant to refugees: Protection and Legal Assistance (together with la Commission Nationale pour l’Acceuil et la Réinsertion des Réfugiés (CNAR), the national refugee authority and the Ministry of Defence and Gendarmes), Food (together with WFP), Transport and Logistics (together with WFP and German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)), Domestic Items/Household Goods (distributed through partner NGOs generally responsible also for camp management), Water (together with relevant government ministries and NGO partners), Health and Nutrition (together with WHO, UNICEF and partner NGOs), Shelter (together with relevant government ministries and partner NGOs), Education (together with UNICEF, government ministries and partner NGOs), Environment (together with government ministries and UN and NGO partners) Crop Production (together with FAO, government ministries and partner NGOs), Income Generation (together with NGO partners) and Community Services (with government ministries and partner NGOs).

In 2006, it is expected that UNHCR will maintain the same standard of assistance achieved in 2005. Given the hostility of the host environment to self-sufficiency agricultural efforts, UNHCR will with its partners seek to offer refugees a broadening range of skills-enhancing activities: peace education for adults, small-plot gardening, health awareness-raising recreational activities for children, environmental initiatives and the like.

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For planning purposes, UNHCR contemplates two scenarios in 2006: a deterioration in circumstances in Darfur leading to a possible further influx of up to 50,000 persons (funds for a contingency stockpile are sought in the budget) and an improvement in the situation in Darfur leading to the voluntary return of 40,000 Sudanese refugees from Chad (30,000 from the camps and 10,000 from the border areas), with funds to be reallocated within the budget at the appropriate point in time.

Objectives • Ensuring provision of international protection to all refugees in all 12 camp; • Provide physical security to refugees in and around the camps in eastern Chad and ensure the civilian character of the camps is maintained; • Provide assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad consistent with mandated responsibilities and available resources; • Monitor the protection needs of the approximately 20,000 Sudanese refugees spontaneously settled in villages along the Chad/Sudan border; • In conjunction with national partners, provide individual documentation for refugees; • Liaise with UNHCR Sudan to facilitate the voluntary return of an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 Chadian refugees in West Darfur, Sudan; • Monitor the situation in western Sudan with a view to identifying and facilitating repatriation of interested individuals once conditions of return in safety and dignity established; • Continue to mobilize international actors to establish or strengthen presence in region, particularly development actors; • Strengthen strategic partnerships with agencies such as FAO and UNFPA; • Enhance focus on the environment; • Increase support to host communities; • Maintain established border monitoring.

Indicators • Absence of refoulement, arbitrary detention and other major abuses of protection; • Implementation of action plan for enhancing refugee security; • Increased reporting on sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and reduction in SGBV incidents; • Conclusion of training courses on refugee and human rights law provided to gendarmes, police and national refugee authorities; • More projects favouring local populations; • Refugees fully informed about durable solution options (i.e. repatriation, local integration); • Evidence of sensitisation of refugees and local populations to environmental issues (e.g. through increased utilization of alternative energy sources).

SOUTH

Context The 30,000 CAR refugees residing in Yaroungou and Amboko settlements have been joined by an additional 12,500 persons, which fled the increased insecurity and absence of adequate socio- economic conditions in northern CAR. UNHCR's efforts on behalf of these refugees cover reception, relocation and assistance to the new arrivals as well as enhanced local integration activities for those who will remain.

While circumstances for return were looking propitious even a few weeks ago with the largely peaceful conclusion of the Presidential elections in CAR, the results having been deemed adequately free and fair by the international community and apparently accepted by the citizens of CAR, very recent violence in northern CAR has prompted a new movement of CAR refugees to come to Chad. If the situation in CAR continues to deteriorate, there will undoubtedly be fewer if any refugees opting to repatriate, at least in the near term. The need for additional resources and in particular the increased presence of UN and other development actors must necessarily is acute.

Objectives • Attract increased role by other humanitarian actors in responding to emergency and basic socio economic initiatives serving both refugees and host communities; • Monitor new arrivals and register refugees; • Provide protection and assistance to newly arrived refugees, including preparation of new refugee settlements and establishment of contingency plans and stocks for further possible arrivals;

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• Continue to prepare refugees for durable solutions whether for local integration or repatriation through the promotion of self-reliance; • Enhance local integration activities; • Enhance emphasis on environmental sustainability of assistance activities and projects benefiting local populations.

Indicators • More actors and more funds available for newly arrived refugees; • More projects favouring local populations; • Refugees fully informed about durable solution options (i.e. repatriation, local integration); • Adequate protection inside and around the settlements; • Refugees enjoy access to adequate resources, and start contributing to their cost, including water, food, education and community services; • Evidence of refugees and local populations’ sensitisation to environmental issues, including recourse to alternative energies and tree planting.

3.4.J PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

EAST

UNHCR provides care and maintenance for approximately 200,000 Sudanese refugees in 12 camps located between 27 and 107 km from the Sudanese border in eastern Chad. In addition to these individuals there are about 20,000 refugees resident in areas along the Sudanese border to whom only extremely limited assistance is given. The camps are relatively stable. The focus of attention for protection matters, apart from enhancing overall refugee camp security (the recommendations of UNHCR’s Emergency and Security Service mission to Chad in July 2005 are being put into action) is off-site refugees who refuse to relocate to the camps and prefer to do farming and livestock activities among the locals. Despite a series of disturbing events in Sudan and the apparent deterioration of the situation there, there have been only a handful of new arrivals. Most of the movement back and forth across the border appears to be by refugees involved in trade, faming activities or menial work with links on both the Sudan and Chad sides of the border.

UNHCR’s protection unit will continue to discuss with the GoC for a system of issuance of official documents to refugees (e.g. birth, death and marriage certificates). The Ministers of Territorial Administration and Justice have agreed in principle to the delivery of such documentation and have made registry books available for the purpose. More elaborate mechanisms are also being established but have been delayed due to the recent government reshuffle.

Sexual and gender based violence is another area of priority concern. The sub office in Abéché has together with the implementing partners IRC, CORD and Christian Children’s Fund (CCF) set up an information collection system with focal points in all refugee camps. In addition, a monthly consultation on Sexual Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) between partners and UN agencies has been established leading to the design of a referral system for SGBV cases, including those involving HIV/AIDS. Training on the prevention and response to SGBV has been offered so far to nearly 350 individuals.

The three main continuing challenges vis-à-vis SGBV are the difficulty in establishing whether sexual violence that took place prior to displacement, frequent NGO staff turnover resulting in inadequate monitoring and follow up of SGBV incidents and a traditional culture which discourages the reporting of domestic violence.

The vulnerable groups in the refugee camps also consist of various minorities. Given that UNHCR sought to integrate them to the extent possible in the camps in the first place, problems relating to inter-ethnic rivalry have been relatively rare.

A Memorandum of Understanding has recently been signed between UNHCR, ICRC and UNICEF on sharing information relating to separated and unaccompanied minors. It buttresses the efforts of the child protection working group extant in Abéché since February 2005 and the child protection focal points now established with NGO partners.

28 CHAD

With respect to legal issues, there is a profound shortfall of necessary human resources in the Chadian judicial system. All legal matters effectively devolve to prefects who may not have the necessary qualifications and are under resourced. Problems tend therefore to be resolved according to customary law, often in defiance of accepted international human rights principles. UNHCR is training and sensitising magistrates and judges and seeking partners to help equip them with the physical means necessary to discharge their functions as arbiters of justice.

Comprehensive refugee registration in eastern Chad is well advanced. Phases one and two of the Project Profile (ProGres) registration have been completed or are underway in all camps except Oure Cassoni (Bahai). As the big bottleneck at present is data entry, final results will not be entered and retrievable until February 2006. Availability of identification cards (phase three of the registration process) are not foreseen before June 2006.

SOUTH

Context Southern Chad is subject to banditry, mainly road attacks facilitated by the widespread availability of small weapons. Contrary to the East, incursions across the border and attacks by external elements on refugee camps have not been reported. However, reportedly some cases of arbitrary detention of refugees and extortion by local authorities have taken place.

The main protection challenges for the refugees after their arrival in Chad are related to assistance-- timely registration for implicit recognition as a refugee and qualification to receive food and other non- food items, registration of births and deaths, identification cards—guaranteeing law and order within the camps and ensuring harmonious relations between refugees and local populations. With 12,500 new refugee arrivals, the challenge was to identify, register and relocate the individuals despite the onset of the rainy season and to ensure the identification of the most vulnerable.

Objectives • Protect refugees from refoulement, arbitrary detention, extortion or other abuses by individuals inside and outside refugee settlements; • Regular border monitoring (including monitoring of protection needs of refugees outside camps); • In conjunction with national partners, ensure that all refugees are issued proper identity documents; • Ensure that refugees are fully informed of available durable solutions and of their voluntary character; • Liaise closely with UNHCR operations in Sudan and CAR to pursue joint initiatives and ensure appropriate coordination on returns.

Indicators • Absence of unwarranted detention and adherence to proper judicial procedures in the event of refugees’ or asylum seekers’ detention; • Implementation of revised Memorandum of Understanding on refugee security; • Issuance of identity cards to all refugees aged 15 and above and delivery of birth and death certificates to all; • Routine border monitoring; • Absence of confrontations between refugees and local populations; • Training of local authorities on human rights and on Chad’s international human rights and refugee obligations.

3.4.K SAFETY AND SECURITY OF STAFF AND OPERATIONS

EAST

Context In the last three decades, wars and civil strife have been experienced at varying intensity in Chad and its neighbouring countries, particularly in Sudan and CAR. Consequently, major factors militating against the maintenance of peace and security in Chad can be found at various levels. The most notable are the following:

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• Proliferation of handguns; • Increasing criminality; • Traditional violent practices; • Government control and protection continuously threatened by armed groups; • Violent abuses by security forces; • Proliferation of mines and UXOs in the north of the country.

The Darfur crisis in Sudan, which has increased the number of armed groups in the border areas and overstretched government security resources, constitutes a further threat to the country’s peace and stability. Many major incidents have shown the volatility of the security conditions in eastern Chad, the area where the humanitarian operations are being conducted. These are related to: • General traditional crime; • Conflicts among refugees; • Manipulation of groups of refugees by some aggrieved leaders to attack humanitarian workers; • Mounting antagonism between refugees and the host populations; • Emerging tensions between local populations and humanitarian actors; • Insecurity associated with the Sudanese crisis, with continued Janjaweed militia cross border raids or military incidents leading to disturbances between Sudan and Chad; • Alleged presence of Chadian rebels in Darfur.

During 2006 the above mentioned serious security situation is expected to continue and probably be aggravated by further deterioration of the situation in Sudan, as well as increasing military tensions between Chad and Sudan. To date, one of the most pressing threats for the Government of Chad continues to be the presence and activities of Chadian rebels on the other side of the border.

SOUTH

Context Southern Chad remains a very volatile place with both external and internal security threats. The last thirty years of political and military turmoil have led to conditions marked by:

• Widespread supply of light weapons, easily available at low cost; • Increasing criminality, both organised and driven by poverty; • Traditional culture of accepting violence; • Constant threats of potential destabilisation of the political rule; • Food insecurity.

Prevailing insecurity in the north of CAR with an important influx of refugees into the south of Chad as a direct consequence, have forced humanitarian staff to operate in remote areas, many times where control of the central government and of the local authorities is tenuous. Armed groups identified as rebels systematically pillaged villages, while more traditional bandit groups (known as “coupeurs de route”) continued road attacks.46

Very poor road conditions exacerbate risks in the area, in a region characterized with a hostile climate and a generally inadequate infrastructure. As such, logistical support to the south remains a critical issue. In the meantime, the local population, still concerned for its security and for the respect of their rights, continue to wait with apprehension actions from the new Government.

Objectives • Alert staff and system awareness to the magnitude of the security problems in the field; • Provide necessary equipment, training and infrastructure to ensure proper MOSS (Minimum Operating Security Standards) and MORSS (Minimum Operating Residential Security Standards) implementation.

46 Other political reasons for the continuing violence in CAR have been mentioned and may contribute to the destabilization of northern CAR.

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Indicators • Evidence of efficient coordination at system level; • Implementation of a security plan for Chad including MOSS and MORSS.

3.4.L WATER AND SANITATION

EAST

Context Access to water and sanitation services in Chad is very low, with one of the lowest rates prevailing in eastern Chad—less than 2% of Chadians from the regions of Ouaddai, Wadi Fira and BET have access to safe drinking water, while basic sanitation is almost non-existent. Inaccurate and/or inexistent hydro geological and geophysical data, combined with difficulties in tapping ground water in this arid region are key challenges when addressing the sector needs. The situation was further exacerbated in 2003 and 2004, with the arrival of more than 220,000 Sudanese refugees. Most of the refugees were relocated in camps, where basic water and sanitation services have been put in place. However, ensuring access to drinking water and sanitation facilities for refugees as per SPHERE standards has proven to be extremely difficult.

Meanwhile, in the absence of a comprehensive water and sanitation programme for the affected host populations, the situation in these communities continues to be deplorable. The influx of refugees has placed the fragile coping mechanisms of the local communities under severe strain, with populations competing for scarce natural resources such as water, fire wood, and pasture lands, sometimes leading to grievances and tensions between the two groups. Due to overcrowding in the camps, frequent outbreaks of diarrheal diseases, including cholera and hepatitis E were reported in camps and in host communities; mostly related to inadequate water and sanitation services and hygiene practices.

Priority needs for the sector include: • Keep minimum water and sanitation services according to SPHERE standards; • Provide basic levels of water and sanitation services to affected host communities closely located to the refugee camps, with a focus on an integrated package for 40 selected schools; • Reduce tensions between refugees and host communities by ensuring equity in the access to adequate water and sanitation services.

The focus of the humanitarian efforts in eastern Chad has gradually changed over time, following the evolution of geopolitical and security situations in the sub-region. Within this context, any response strategy in the water and sanitation sector should ideally span over the next couple of years targeting both refugees and host communities together. Given the differences in context between camps and host communities, the scope and scale of initiatives in the sector, and the collaborative approach adopted by partners, the strategy in the sector should ensure the following response: • Complementary initiatives, based on the comparative advantage and specialization of the agencies involved; • Consolidation and improvement of the existing infrastructures and services focusing on sustainability and quality issues, especially in the refugee camps; • Gradual expansion of basic water and sanitation services in the host communities; • Optimization of humanitarian action in the sector by promoting convergence with other relevant thematic programmes through a “package” approach, using schools as entry points for humanitarian actions in host communities; • Striking the right balance between the emergency needs and the longer-term outcomes of the beneficiaries.

While UNHCR will keep the primary responsibility for the sector in refugee camps, UNICEF will assure the sectoral lead in the host communities, jointly with the Ministry of Environment and Water (MEE). UNICEF will also complement the activities in refugee camps selectively with a primary focus on water and sanitation, and hygiene promotion activities in schools. Other participating organizations in this sector, apart from UNHCR and UNICEF itself, are WHO, WFP, OXFAM-GB, Intermon OXFAM, CARE – Canada, IRC, Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), INTERSOS, SECADEV, Premiere Urgence, the MEE, the MoE, and the Ministry of Health (MoH).

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The existing monthly water and sanitation coordination meetings for refugees and host communities, chaired respectively by UNHCR and UNICEF, jointly with the MEE, will develop as the main fora for sector coordination and the development and operationalisation of the monitoring system and mechanisms. In addition, periodic reporting and review of meetings with relevant partners will be maintained to allow timely and effective monitoring of the sector progress and achievements.

Lack of implementation of the sector plans will lead to: • Refugees not having access to water and sanitation services, and consequently multiplication of diarrhea, cholera and Hepatitis E outbreaks. Morbidity and mortality among refugees will increase, affecting mostly under five children and other vulnerable groups, such as pregnant and lactating women; • Host communities resorting to traditional contaminated sources of water, with increased incidence of diarrhoea, cholera and hepatitis E; • Increasing tensions between refugees and host communities, leading to frequent open conflicts and the disruption of the emergency humanitarian assistance to refugees.

Sector objectives • Ensure the provision of water and sanitation services in refugee camps according to SPHERE standards, including water and sanitation in schools and hygiene promotion; • Continue the expansion of the provision of water and sanitation services in host communities in the proximity of camps, including water and sanitation in schools and hygiene promotion; • Optimize water and sanitation initiatives through convergence with other sectoral programmes.

Indicators • In the refugee camps; liters of water per person per day, number of persons per latrine, number of students per school latrine; • In the host communities: number of water points per school, number of students per latrine, number of water points per village; • Rate of incidence of diarrhea and hepatitis E in camps and host communities.

Gender and Age Breakdown Beneficiary Population for Water and Children Sanitation programs Women Men Total (0-16) East of Chad 80,000 20,000 130,000 230,000 Total 80,000 20,000130,000 230,000

SOUTH

Context Established water systems in the Danamadji and Gore area are inadequate to the needs of the refugee population. In Goré, demands on water resources will double given the arrival of approximately as many refugees again as had previously existed at the settlement at Amboko.

The average water availability per person has overall decreased from 15 to 9 litres per day, well short of the 15 litres minimum standard. New water points need to be established to ensure adequate supplies for the approximately 25,000 refugees now residing at Amboko.

Additional water supplies will have to be sought in Gore from the Pende River. In Danamadji, more effective pumps need to be installed. Water technologies managed by the refugees themselves need to be introduced, and better water conservation need to be practiced in all sites.

Under-awareness of sanitation-related health risks necessitates awareness-raising campaigns on sanitation in all sites.

Objectives • Ensure adequate and sustainable provision of clean water to all refugees; • Ensure maintenance of water sources/supply and the gradual management of pumps by the beneficiary population;

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• Ensure adequate and sustainable sanitation practices, contributing to the prevention of adverse health factors.

Indicators • Evidence of consumption of 15 litres of water daily by all refugees; • Drilling of additional boreholes and replacement of submerged hydraulic-driven pumps by manual pumps where necessary; • Drilling of agriculture wells; • Evidence of beneficiaries’ awareness of proper sanitary practices, proper utilization of water pumps, rational use of water and the existence of mechanisms for water management by beneficiaries; • Evidence of protection of the water pumps from the latrines and waste liquids contamination.

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4. STRATEGIC MONITORING PLAN

Based on the experience of 2005, the continuous and effective monitoring of the situation and review of programmes’ implementation will be ensured through the following mechanisms / activities:

Activity/monitoring Period Actor Outcome

Co-ordination meetings in All (UN Agencies & NGOs), Weekly follow-up / N’Djaména, Abéché, Danamadji Weekly Government representatives review of the situation and Goré

Sectoral Working groups As per sectoral All (UN Agencies & NGOs), regular sectoral meetings in N’Djaména and needs Government representatives assessments / reviews Abéché

Relevant UN agencies, Ministry Multi-sector evaluation mission Mission Report and Annually of Planning, Ministry of (from N’Djaména) recommendations Territorial Administration

Meetings of the Heads of UN Meeting Report and Weekly Heads of UN Agencies Agencies policy decision

Workshop to review progress on UN Agencies & NGOs, Mid-Year review of the May 2006 the CAP 2006 Government CAP/CHAP

Development of a database Ongoing OCHA Real time follow-up in

Assessments: locusts plague, food security and nutritional assessments.

5. CRITERIA FOR PRIORITISATION OF PROJECTS

As per agreed by the humanitarian community following CAP workshops, projects included in the CAP 2006 have been selected according to the following criteria:

• Coherence of projects with agreed strategic priorities; • Geographical: projects must target regions hosting refugees; • Demographic: project must target refugee populations and/or host populations affected by the crisis (upon usual selection criteria of beneficiaries); • Operational capacity of the proposing organisation in the area of implementation.

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6. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

Strategic Priority Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Associated Projects

Food Provide monthly food aid packages • WFP EMOP Assistance to Sudanese and host communities and CAR refugees Provide and maintain • PU project on valorisation of WFP’s rations assistance to cover refugees essential needs in camps, in Health Implementation of Minimum and • WHO nutritional surveys and set up of Nutritional Surveillance system in accordance with Complimentary activities package CAR refugee camps and host populations international • UNICEF nutritional surveys and support in eastern and in southern Chad standards • WHO set up of mental health care and psychosocial support for Sudanese Provide refugees with access to refugees psychological support and mental care in their communities • CARE community based psycho support for refugees in eastern Chad

Education Ensure access to quality education • UNICEF education project for refugees and hot communities in Eastern and ensure conducive physical Chad – UNICEF/ UNHCR/ WFP Integrated package structures for learning

Agriculture Achieve broader coverage with • FAO supply of agricultural inputs and integration of women and young agricultural assistance projects people in productive agricultural activities for Sudanese and CAR refugees

Wat/San Ensure 15 litres of water per person • UNICEF water supply, sanitation and hygiene education in Eastern Chad living in IDP camps • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees from CAR in southern Chad

Protection Monitor protection needs of refugees • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to settled in villages along the border refugees from CAR in southern Chad

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Strategic Priority Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Associated Projects

Multi-sector Provide assistance and physical • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to security to refugees in and around refugees from CAR in southern Chad the camps • CARE humanitarian emergency assistance for refugees in eastern Chad

Ensure provision of international protection to all refugees

Food Protect livelihoods of local residents • WFP FFW projects and assets creation interventions Provide protection and enhance resilience to shocks and ensure peaceful coexistence around • FAO supply of agricultural inputs and integration of women and young camps and Agriculture Focus attention to and support for the people in productive agricultural activities for Sudanese and CAR refugees settlements by needs of the local populations • IRD emergency agricultural initiative for the villages of eastern Chad implementing a • SECADEV modernization of livestock techniques for host populations and balanced number of support and recovery of local agriculture projects Health Implementation of complementary • WHO reinforcement of preparedness and response to epidemics in activity package northeast Chad • UNICEF project on fight against preventable diseases • UNFPA reproductive health services Prevent spreading of HIV/AIDS • CORD health and nutrition support among local and refugees’ populations • UNICEF prevention of HIV/AIDS in adolescents and childbearing age women Reinforce refugee and local • UNAIDS prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission and reduction of the impact populations’ capacity to reduce the of HIV/AIDS in the east and south of Chad impact of HIV/AIDS

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Strategic Priority Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Associated Projects

Education Improve physical environment in • UNICEF education project for refugees and hot communities in Eastern which schooling takes place Chad - UNICEF/ UNHCR/ WFP Integrated package • CORD facilitation of education services Ensure that children have access to • UNICEF integrated assistance to schools for CAR refugees and host essential materials populations

Water and Expansion of water provision and • UNICEF water supply, sanitation and hygiene education in Eastern Chad Sanitation sanitation services in host • CARE water and sanitation activities in eastern Chad communities close to refugee camps • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees from CAR in southern Chad

Environment Measure impact of refugees on • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to environment and identify appropriate refugees from CAR in southern Chad recuperative measures • ACTED assistance to refugees in Oure Cassoni camp and reduction of their presence on the environment Rehabilitation and preservation of the • PU project on optimization of natural resources through firewood collection environment and introduction of cooking fireplaces

Protection / Provide assistance and physical • UNICEF project on creation of protective environments for children in Human security to refugees in and around refugee camps and host communities in eastern Chad Rights/ Rule the camps • UNDP promotion of alternative mechanisms of resolution and prevention of Law of conflicts • CORD project on protection of Sudanese refugees • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees from CAR in southern Chad

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Strategic Priority Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Associated Projects

Multi- sector Increase support to host communities • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees from CAR in southern Chad • IRC assistance to populations of the Bahai region and in Oure Cassoni camp • PU project on sustainability of the integration of the refugees living within host communities in the Abdi area

Agriculture Reducing problems associated with • FAO livestock protection and promotion of small animal breeding refuge livestock rearing Promote occupation / income generating Economic activities for the Recovery Enhance household livelihoods and • UNDP improving household income in eastern Chad refugees and reduce and improve incomes • PU project in income generating activities and distribution of professional impact of the Infrastructure kits in Treguine and Bredjing camps and surrounding populations refugees on the natural resources Environment Rehabilitation and preservation of the • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to environment refugees from CAR in southern Chad

Multi Sector Enhance focus on the environment • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees from CAR in southern Chad • IRC assistance to populations of the Bahai region and in Oure Cassoni camp

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Strategic Priority Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Associated Projects

Reinforce the Coordination Reinforcement of coordination links • OCHA support for the humanitarian coordination in Chad Government’s between all humanitarian actors capacity to address • OCHA humanitarian documentation centre for the support of the the humanitarian Increased synergy between humanitarian coordination in Chad emergency government, UN agencies, donors and NGOs • WFP HAS provision of air service for the humanitarian community in Chad

Agriculture Increased technical support for • FAO coordination of emergency and rehabilitation of agricultural activities agricultural sector infrastructure

Education Improve teachers’ skills and • UNICEF education project for refugees and hot communities in Eastern capacities Chad - UNICEF/ UNHCR/ WFP Integrated package

Multi-Sector Provide individual documentation for • UNHCR assistance to refugees from Sudan in eastern Chad and to refugees and maintain established refugees from CAR in southern Chad border monitoring

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TABLE II. LIST OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES BY SECTOR

Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 List of Projects - By Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 1 of 5 Project Code Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Original Requirements (US$)

AGRICULTURE

CHD-06/A01 FAO Livestock protection and promotion of small animal 2,451,000 breeding CHD-06/A02 FAO Emergency supply of agricultural inputs for Sudanese 3,322,800 refugees and the host population and the integration of women and young people in productive agricultural activities CHD-06/A03 FAO Coordination of emergency and rehabilitation of agricultural 314,175 activities CHD-06/A04 FAO Urgent supply of essential agricultural inputs for CAR 561,255 refugees and host families CHD-06/A05 IRD Emergency Agricultural Initiative for the villages in Eastern 3,000,000 Chad CHD-06/A06 SECADEV Modernization of livestock techniques for host population 358,685 CHD-06/A07 SECADEV Support and recovery of local agriculture 305,830

Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 10,313,745

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

CHD-06/CSS01 OCHA Support Humanitarian Coordination in Chad 813,668 CHD-06/CSS02 OCHA Humanitarian Documentation Centre for the support of the 372,629 humanitarian coordination in Chad CHD-06/CSS03 WFP WFP Humanitarian Air Services in Chad in Support of 4,754,823 EMOP 10327 - Emergency Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in the North-East of Chad

Subtotal for COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 5,941,120

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

CHD-06/ER/I01 UNDP Improving Household Income in Eastern Chad 1,952,500 CHD-06/ER/I02 PU Income generating activities and distribution of professional 565,481 kits for the refugee population of Treguine and Bredjing camps, including Chadian populations living next to the camps

Subtotal for ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 2,517,981

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 List of Projects - By Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 2 of 5 Project Code Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Original Requirements (US$)

EDUCATION

CHD-06/E01 UNICEF Education for refugees and host communities in Eastern 5,600,000 Chad CHD-06/E02 CORD Facilitation of education services for Sudanese refugees 1,450,000 and local communities in Eastern Chad CHD-06/E03 UNICEF Integrated assistance to schools for CAR refugees and host 621,600 populations in southern Chad

Subtotal for EDUCATION 7,671,600

FOOD

CHD-06/F01 WFP Assistance to Sudanese Refugees and Host Communities 33,289,805 in Eastern Chad. CHD-06/F02 WFP Assistance to Central African Republic Refugees in the 6,045,288 south of Chad CHD-06/F03 PU Food Basket Monitoring (FBM) - Post Distribution Monitoring 794,202 (PDM) surveys and valorization of WFP’s rations

Subtotal for FOOD 40,129,295

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 List of Projects - By Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 3 of 5 Project Code Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Original Requirements (US$)

HEALTH

CHD-06/H01 WHO Reinforcement of preparedness and response to epidemics 280,650 in the North East part of Chad CHD-06/H02 UNICEF Fight against preventable diseases 1,489,600 CHD-06/H03 UNICEF Prevention of HIV / AIDS in adolescents and childbearing 224,000 age women in the refugee camps and host communities in eastern Chad CHD-06/H04 WHO Nutritional survey and set up of a Nutritional Surveillance 438,416 System in CAR refugee camps and host populations in the South of Chad CHD-06/H05 UNICEF Nutritional surveys and support in refugee camps and host 830,300 communities in eastern Chad CHD-06/H06 WHO Set up of mental health care and psychosocial support for 279,840 Sudanese refugees CHD-06/H07 UNFPA Provision of Reproductive Health (RH) services to 1,250,000 Sudanese refugees and host population in Eastern Chad CHD-06/H08 UNAIDS Prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission and reduction of the 680,000 impact of HIV/AIDS in the east and south of Chad CHD-06/H09 CARE INT Integrating community based support for Darfur refugees in 950,000 Chad CHD-06/H10 CORD Health and nutrition support to Sudanese refugees in 2,000,000 Eastern Chad and surrounding host communities CHD-06/H11 UNICEF Health and Nutrition services for CAR refugee Children in 285,600 Southern Chad

Subtotal for HEALTH 8,708,406

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 List of Projects - By Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 4 of 5 Project Code Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Original Requirements (US$)

MULTI-SECTOR

CHD-06/MS01 UNHCR Protection and assistance to refugees from Sudan in 69,372,122 eastern Chad CHD-06/MS02 UNHCR Protection and assistance to refugees from Central African 4,965,340 Republic in southern Chad CHD-06/MS03 ACTED Assistance to refugees in the Oure Cassoni refugee camp 1,587,600 and reduction of the refugees' presence impact on environment CHD-06/MS04 CARE INT Humanitarian Emergency Assistance for Sudanese 4,500,000 Refugee populations in East Chad CHD-06/MS05 IRC Multi-Sector Assistance for the Populations of the Bahai 631,375 region CHD-06/MS06 IRC Multi-sector assistance for Sudanese refugees in Oure 1,389,611 Cassoni camp, Northeastern Chad CHD-06/MS07 PU Sustainability of the integration of refugee populations living 1,311,915 within the host communities in the Abdi area (South Ouaddaï)

CHD-06/MS08 PU Optimization of natural resources through firewood 776,155 collection, and introduction and implementation of cooking fireplaces for camp populations

Subtotal for MULTI-SECTOR 84,534,118

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

CHD-06/P/HR/RL01 UNICEF Creating a protective environment for children in refugee 1,962,240 camps and host communities in eastern Chad CHD-06/P/HR/RL02 UNDP Promotion of alternative mechanisms for resolution and 250,000 prevention of conflicts CHD-06/P/HR/RL03 CORD Protection of Sudanese refugees in Eastern Chad 1,350,000

Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 3,562,240

SECURITY

CHD-06/S01 UNDSS (previously Reinforcement of security for humanitarian staff and 338,069 UNSECOORD) beneficiaries

Subtotal for SECURITY 338,069

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2006 List of Projects - By Sector as of 21 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 5 of 5 Project Code Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Original Requirements (US$)

WATER AND SANITATION

CHD-06/WS01 UNICEF Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Education in Eastern 2,503,225 Chad CHD-06/WS02 CARE INT Water and sanitation activities for refugee populations of 850,000 Darfur and host communities in East Chad

Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 3,353,225

Grand Total 167,069,799

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 21 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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ANNEX I. MAP OF CHAD WITH REFUGEE CAMPS IN THE EAST AND THE SOUTH OF THE COUNTRY

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ANNEX II. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN CHAD

Name: International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Headquarters: Geneva Website: www.ifrc.org Sector Promote humanitarian principles and values, camp management, care and community health, nutrition, water and sanitation, community services, community development. Location:Trejine and Bredjing camps and all Chadian community through the decentralised structures of the Chadian Red Cross all over the country.

Objectives: 1. Improve living conditions of Sudanese refugees in camps (east of Chad) and CAR refugees (south) by humanitarian assistance through the construction of socio-sanitary infrastructure (refuge, health and social centres); distribution of food and NFIs, provision of water and organization of social services, and hygiene and sanitation promotion.

Expected Results: create a conducive environment for refugees follow up in camps and decrease in 75% morbidity and mortality rates of vulnerable people in camps (especially under five children, child-bearing age women and elderly people).

Beneficiaries: aprox. 42,000 Sudanese refugees in east Chad (camps of Trejine and Bredjing) and approximately 10,000 in the south (Amboko Camp)

2. Improve the living conditions of Chadian communities in four prioritized fields according to the Strategy 2010 of the Federation, namely: promotion of humanitarian principles and values, preparation in natural disaster preparedness, intervention in natural disasters and community health.

Expected results: Chadian population vulnerability rate to conflict situations and natural disasters with potential for epidemics are reduced at least 50% until December 2007 in beneficiary communities.

Beneficiaries: approximately 3.000.000 Chadians living in the 18 regions where the Chadian Red Cross has decentralized structures.

Partners of the Chadian Red Cross: International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent societies, International Red Cross Committee, Spanish Red Cross, French Red Cross, other national Red Cross societies, UNHCR, UNICEF, Chadian Ministry of Public Health, etc.

Period of execution: Binannual Action Plan (2006-2007)

Fundraising: after potential partners and according to the Partners Profile Table below.

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NATIONAL SOCIETY’S PARTNERSHIPS 2005-2007

Movement Project Area/summary Estimated Timeframe Partners in CHF Spanish Red Cross • Community Based Health Programme (CBHP) in Abeche (Eastern Chad) • Rehabilitation and equipment of 19 community health centres,

• Training and refresher course for the Chad Red Cross medical personnel; 1,866,645.9 August 2006 • CBFA training for Chad Red Cross volunteers • Construction of 480 latrines in 480 schools in Eastern Chad; • Construction of 19 community wells in the 19 health centres identified to be rehabilitated.

• Community based health programme, Sanitation Three years project and Income generating activities to improve the (but not yet socio-economic conditions of the Chadian 1,045,879.2 approved) population in the department of Nya-Pendé (Logone Oriental region) ; • Community development programme in support for Three years project women activities in the department of Assoungha. (but not yet 944,466.96 approved) French Red 746.79 Three years project Cross • Community based Water and Sanitation project to (but not yet improve the living conditions of the Chadian approved) population in Moundou (South ). The project includes hygiene promotion, construction of latrines and water wells in two schools and eight areas in Moundou. It covers the period from 2006 to 2008; • - Water and Sanitation bi-annual delegates support Two years time- (2005-2006) in cooperation with the Federation to Federation frame (2005-2006) the Chad Refugee Operation in Tréjine and budget Brédjing camps (Eastern Chad) ICRC • Contribution to the publication of 4 annual editions 9,000 Cooperation of Chad Red Cross newsletter; between the Red 12,000 Cross of Chad and • Salary payment support; 5,000 the ICRC is • Contribution to vehicle maintenance; supported by an 5,000 MoU on the basis of • Sanitation project in N’Djaména; ICRC direct annual projects funds planning and • Sanitation project in prisons; funding. • Support to the CRT Tracing programme; ICRC direct funds • Support to the Tracing activities in the Chad Refugee Operation (Eastern Chad) ICRC direct funds

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Non- Project area/ summary Estimated Timeframe Movement budget In Partners CHF

UNHCR Transport Support Package (TSP) – project supported 1,550,000 2003-2006 by an MoU

UNICEF Vaccination campaign against Hepatitis E – Project 20;000 August 2005- supported by a bi-partite agreement February 2006

Ministry of Social mobilization against malaria, meningitis, polio, N/A Yearly global Health/WHO etc. programme

Note: This table will be the only place to list bi-lateral cooperation. The Appeal will be strictly an appeal for unfunded activities.

For further complementary information, please contact: - In Chad: Andreas Koumo Gopina, Secretary General, Red Cross of Chad, N’Djamena; Email [email protected]; Phone +235.523.434 - In Chad: Bogdan Dimitru Marian, Federation Head of Delegation, N’Djamena; Email [email protected]; Phone +235.522.339; Fax +235.522.399; Mobile +235.360.822 - In Cameroun: Daniel Sayi, Federation Acting Head of Central Africa Sub-Regional Office, Yaoundé; Email [email protected]; Phone +237.221 74 37; Fax +237.221 74 39 - In Geneva: Helene Ruud, Regional Officer for Central Africa - Africa Department International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies +41 22 730 4914 (Direct); +41 79 217 33 81 (mobile); Email: [email protected]

All International Federation assistance seeks to adhere to the Code of Conduct and is committed to the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable. For support to or for further information concerning Federation programmes or operations in this or other countries, or for a full description of the national society profile, please access the Federation’s website at http://www.ifrc.org

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NON-GOVERNMENTAL COMMUNITY OVERVIEW

Name: ACTED (AGENCE D’AIDE A LA COOPERATION TECHNIQUE ET AU DEVELOPPEMENT) Headquarters: Paris (France) Website: http://www.acted.org Sector: Food and Non Food items distributions, environment, water, host populations Location: Abéché, Bahaï (Ennedi) Objectives: Assistance to refugees in the refugee camps in Chad, by distributing food and non food items, bettering accesses (roads) and developing support activities to both refugees and host populations nearby the camps. Reduction of the refugees' presence impact in environment through energy programs, wood organized collect, sensibilisation and trees plantation. Beneficiaries: Refugees and host populations Partners: WFP, UNHCR, CNAR, local authorities Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: Available on request

Name: AFRICARE Headquarters: Washington D.C (I.S.A) Website: http://www.africare.org Sector: Food Security & Agriculture; Health & HIV/AIDS; Water resource development; environmental management; Literacy and vocational training; micro-enterprise development; civi-society development, governance and emergency humanitarian aid. Objectives: To improve the quality of life in Africa by assisting families, villages and nations

Beneficiaries: 55,000 people of the Ouaddaï local communities; 30,000 refugees of the Gaga camp in East Chad(16,000 children, 9,300 women and 4,700 men); 25,000 refugees in southern Chad. Partners: UNICEF, WFP Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: $ 930,000

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Name: ASB (Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland e.V.) – Germany Headquarters: Cologne (Germany) Website: http://www.asb-online.de Sector: Non-Food Items Location: N’Djaména : Ilot 59, Lot 3, rue 5012, 5ième arrondissement, Moursal en face du Ballet National du Tchad / Abéché : Quartier Goz Amir, Séctionn 4, Ilot 27, Lots 5, 7 Objectives: Satisfaction of basic needs and improvement of living conditions by providing non-food items to the refugee population. Rational use of firewood via the introduction of energy-saving ovens in refugee camps as well as to the local population Beneficiaries: Refugees in all camps and local population in eastern Chad Partners: German Foreign Ministry, Volkshilfe Österreich, Schweizerisches Arbeiterhilfswerk , ASB funds, UNHCR Project Duration: July 2004 – February 2006 Funds Required: Available upon request

Name: CARE INTERNATIONAL Headquarters: Ottawa (Canada) Website: http://www.care.ca Sector: Camp Management; Non-Food & Food Items; Health; Water and Sanitation; Psycho-Support; Community Services; Agriculture; Environment resource management Location: Eastern Chad, Beltine Governorate Objectives: To improve the living conditions, welfare and public health of refugees by improving the water and sanitation systems in camps, by providing targeted relief items such as food and none-food items; by providing support services such as education, income generating activities, psycho-social support; and management of scarce resources. To enhance living conditions of host communities through water and sanitation activities including hygiene promotion, agricultural initiatives, and support in environment resource management. Beneficiaries: Refugee population of Darfur in 4 camps in Eastern Chad (Iridimi, Touloum, Amnabak, Mile) constituting 70,000 refugees and surrounding host community. Partners: UNICEF, UNHCR, WFP, BPRM, ECHO Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: 7,500,000 US (As per projects enclosed not exclusive)

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Name: COOPI (Cooperazione Internazionale) Headquarters: Milan (Italie) Website: http://www.coopi.org Sector: Health, Nutrition, Water and Sanitation Location: Goz Beida, Kou Kou, Moundou, Gore and Maro Objectives: Improvement of the life quality of life of Chadian population through the implementation of integral development projects. Assure a reasonable level in terms of health and nutrition, and provide basic water and sanitation services in refugee camps. Facilitate the repatriation or integration of refugees within local structures. Beneficiaries: 38.000 Sudanese refugees, 40.000 CAR refugees Partners: UNHCR Project Duration: January – December 2005 Funds Required:

CH RI STI A N O U TREA CH Relief and Development

Name: CORD (Christian Outreach – Relief & Development) Headquarters: Leamington Spa U.K. Website: www.cord.org.uk Sector: Education, Protection and Livelihood, Health Location: Ouaddai region, Eastern Chad Objectives: To ensure primary health care and improve the health and nutrition status of Gaga camp population and surrounding host communities; To increase and improve access to quality primary, pre-school and non formal education in Bredjing, Treguine, Gaga and Farchana refugee camps and the surrounding host communities; To enable Sudanese refugees of Farchana and Gaga camp communities to reduce vulnerabilities exacerbating by mass deplacement and conflict and to develop positive livelihood strategies for household (including agriculture). Beneficiaries: 17,000 refugees in Gaga camp and 3,000 people from surrounding host communities having access to health care; 25,000 children and youths attending schools in Bredjing, Treguine and Gaga camps and 8,000 adults following literacy and language classes in Farchana camp ; 8,000 children and adults receiving improved education in the host communities; 30,000 people participating in or supported by community services programme in Farchana and Gaga camps. Partners: UNICEF, UNHCR Project duration: Jan-December 2006 Funds required: US 4,800,000 $

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Name: INTERSOS Headquarters: Rome , Italy Website: http://www.intersos.org Sector: Camp management, social services, psychosocial, education, child protection, capacity building, food security, water and sanitation, training of social workers.

Location: Abéché; Goz Beida, Koukou Angarana, Daguessa, Kerfi. Ade, Ndjamena. Objectives: To ensure assistance to the refugees living in the camps (Djabal and Goz Amir) trough NFI, FI, education, protection, social activities , community mobilisation and participatory approach. . Assist refugees living in the areas surrounding the camps. Water & sanitation and agricultural activities in favour of the local population living in Daguessa, Goz Beida, koukou, Ade Training for social workers working in the Sudanese refugees camps in Chad and in the public administration. To ensure psychosocial care in favour of the children living in the camps of Djabal and Goz Amir . To cover emergencies.

Beneficiaries: Refugees and local populations Partners: UNHCR, WFP, WHO, UNICEF,FAO, ECHO,COOPI,PU, CRT, GTZ, ICRC, OXFAM,RET,ITALIAN COOPERATION Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: According to the project

Name: International Rescue Committee (IRC) Headquarters: New York Website: http://www.theIRC.org Sectors: Health, Water and Sanitation, Education, Child and Youth Protection and Development, Protection, GBV, Community Services Location: N’Djamena, Abeche, and Bahai, Chad

Objectives: To address the fundamental needs of Sudanese refugees and Chadian host populations by meeting urgent survival needs, working with the populations to provide necessary and relevant services, and supporting and building local capacities.

Beneficiaries: 30,000 Darfurian refugees and 20,000 Chadians Partners: UNHCR, UNICEF, ECHO, BPRM, USAID, DFID Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: 2,020,986

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Name: IRD (International Relief and Development) Headquarters: Arlington, VA (USA) Website: http://www.ird-dc.org Sector: Agriculture Location: Eastern Chad Objectives: To provide emergency food security and agricultural improvement opportunities for rural villages in Eastern Chad affected by chronic food insecurity and impact of the refugees. Beneficiaries: 105,000 people in north-eastern areas of Chad; 21,000 children of 6-60 months from vulnerable families; 21,000 households of which 5,000 are women-headed Partners: WFP, USAID Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: US $3,000,000

Name: MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières) –Luxembourg Headquarters: Luxembourg (Luxembourg) Website: http://www.msf.lu Sector: Primary health care; secondary health care; reproductive health; Nutrition; Mental Health; training of doctors; health education. Location: Abéché; Bongor; Iriba; Mao; N'Djamena; Tine. Objectives: To ensure access to health for refugees and host populations (Iriba, Tiné). To ensure act malaria treatment (Bongor). To train doctors to basic surgery (Bongor). To ensure therapeutic treatment for severely malnourished child (Tiné, Iriba, N'Djamena, Mao). To ensure psychosocial care for refugees and host populations (Iriba). To cover emergencies (country-wide). Beneficiaries: Refugees and local populations Partners: MSF-F, MSF-H, Ministry of Health, UNHCR, WFP, WHO, UNICEF, CRT, CARE, SECADEV, NCA, IMC, IRC, PASS, BM, GTZ, CICR, FICR Project Duration: January – December 2006 Funds Required: Available on request

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Name : PU (PREMIERE URGENCE ) Headquarters: Paris (France) Website: http://www.premiere-urgence.org Sector : Food security, agriculture, environment, income generating activities and sanitation. Location : Central and Southern areas of Ouaddaï (Hadjar Hadid and Abdi areas)

Objectives: Improve the living conditions of refugees and host communities in order to reach two subsidiaries aims according to geographical areas :

- Central area (Hadjar Hadid area): sustain the cohabitation among refugees living within camps and Chadian host communities through the promotion of income generating activities and training, better management of wood resources and Post distribution monitoring surveys in six camps.

- South area (Abdi area): reduce potential confrontation factors between refugees and host populations through the promotion of Income Generating Activities, better management of natural resources and promotion of sanitation and food security.

Beneficiaries: - Refugees population living in camps (90,000 beneficiaries) and population of 30 Chadian villages closely located to the camps (19,000 people), - Refugees population living within host communities of the Abdi area (16,000 beneficiaries) Partners: HCR, ECHO, WFP, Fédération Almahana, Institut technique d’Abéché Project Duration: January - December 2006 Required Funds : 4 599 546 $

54 CHAD

ANNEX III. DONOR RESPONSE TO 2005 CONSOLIDATED APPEALS

Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Page 1 of 1

APPEALING ORGANISATION Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$ A B C C/B B-C D

Africare 4,109,728 4,109,728 - 0% 4,109,728 - COOPI 526,696 526,696 - 0% 526,696 - FAO 8,028,405 4,705,605 500,000 11% 4,205,605 - IMC 3,406,045 3,406,045 - 0% 3,406,045 - INTERMON/OXFAM 1,230,882 1,230,882 - 0% 1,230,882 - INTERSOS 816,380 773,180 - 0% 773,180 - MAG 1,300,000 - - 0% - - OCHA 885,337 885,337 284,495 32% 600,842 - OHCHR 60,000 60,000 - 0% 60,000 - OXFAM UK 3,163,086 3,163,086 589,159 19% 2,573,927 - UNAIDS 480,000 480,000 - 0% 480,000 - UNDP 5,998,821 4,700,000 320,000 7% 4,380,000 - UNDSS (previously UNSECOORD) 338,070 338,070 - 0% 338,070 - UNFPA 1,333,050 1,313,050 - 0% 1,313,050 - UNHCR 59,500,000 86,697,155 68,570,966 79% 18,126,189 - UNICEF 18,271,802 20,928,261 8,219,120 39% 12,709,141 - WFP 65,459,267 88,114,330 41,450,457 47% 46,663,873 - WHO 5,512,265 2,862,265 646,831 23% 2,215,434 - WVI 2,272,006 - - 0% - - GRAND TOTAL 182,691,840 224,293,690 120,581,028 54% 103,712,662

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed).

Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

55 CHAD

Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations SECTORS Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Value in US$ A B C C/B B-C D

AGRICULTURE 10,529,770 6,483,222 500,000 8% 5,983,222 - COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 10,652,341 14,423,477 2,656,593 18% 11,766,884 - ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 794,335 259,100 -0% 259,100 - EDUCATION 3,477,391 6,477,391 1,821,154 28% 4,656,237 - FOOD 55,980,213 74,864,140 39,078,359 52% 35,785,781 - HEALTH 14,501,758 12,639,540 3,948,443 31% 8,691,097 - MINE ACTION 6,723,616 4,312,000 320,000 7% 3,992,000 - MULTI-SECTOR 59,500,000 86,697,155 68,570,966 79% 18,126,189 - PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 6,559,043 5,161,411 1,302,620 25% 3,858,791 - SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED - - 1,198,081 0% (1,198,081) - SECURITY 746,075 338,070 -0% 338,070 -

SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 545,914 - -0% - -

WATER AND SANITATION 12,681,384 12,638,184 1,184,812 9% 11,453,372 -

GRAND TOTAL 182,691,840 224,293,690 120,581,028 54% 103,712,662 -

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

56 CHAD

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

AGRICULTURE

CHD-05/A01: Amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire et des conditions de FAO 2,451,000 2,451,000 75,000 3% 2,376,000 - vie des réfugiés soudanais et des populations hôtes à travers la sauvegarde de leur cheptel et le développement du petit élevage CHD-05/A02: Fourniture urgente d’intrants agricoles essentiels aux réfugiés FAO 3,322,800 - - 0% - - soudanais et aux populations hôtes et réinsertion des femmes et des jeunes dans des activités productives agricoles CHD-05/A03: Appui à la coordination des opérations d’urgence et de FAO 314,175 314,175 75,000 24% 239,175 - réhabilitation agricole.

CHD-05/A04: Fourniture urgente d’intrants agricoles essentiels aux réfugiés FAO 561,255 561,255 350,000 62% 211,255 - centrafricains et aux populations hôtes

CHD-05/A05: Initiative pour le Renforcement Economique et la Sécurité Africare 1,411,830 1,411,830 - 0% 1,411,830 - Alimentaire des Populations (IRESAP)

CHD-05/A06: Réduction de la pauvreté INTERSOS 514,080 514,080 - 0% 514,080 -

CHD-05/A07: Sécurité Alimentaire des communautés hôtes et réfugiées INTERMON/OX 1,230,882 1,230,882 - 0% 1,230,882 - FAM

CHD-05/A08: Semences et outils pour réfugiés et population locale WVI 723,748 - - 0% - -

Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 10,529,7706,483,222 500,000 8% 5,983,222 -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

CHD-05/CSS01: Projet d’appui à la coordination humanitaire au Tchad OCHA 546,337 546,337 284,495 52% 261,842 -

CHD-05/CSS02: Intervention Humanitaire d’Urgence (EHI) OCHA 339,000 339,000 - 0% 339,000 -

CHD-05/CSS03: Augmentation logistique pour l’opération d’urgence EMOP WFP 6,465,986 4,736,676 319,781 7% 4,416,895 - 10327.0 – Assistance d’urgence aux réfugiées Soudanais dans la région de l’est du Tchad (WFP SO 10390)

CHD-05/CSS04: Collecte des données sur la population locale à l’Est du Tchad UNFPA 287,950 287,950 - 0% 287,950 -

CHD-05/CSS05: SO 10338.0: Service Aérien Humanitaire des Nations Unies WFP 3,013,068 8,513,514 2,052,317 24% 6,461,197 - au Tchad en appui au à l’EMOP 10327.0 – Assistance d’urgence aux réfugiés soudanais dans l’est du Tchad

Subtotal for COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 10,652,34114,423,477 2,656,593 18% 11,766,884 -

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

CHD-05/ER/I01: Renforcement des activités féminines à Goz Beida INTERSOS 145,500 145,500 - 0% 145,500 -

CHD-05/ER/I02: Lieu pour la jeunesse à Koukou INTERSOS 113,600 113,600 - 0% 113,600 -

CHD-05/ER/I03: Réhabilitation des infrastructures de santé et éducation dans WVI 535,235 - - 0% - - l’Est du Tchad

Subtotal for ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 794,335259,100 - 0% 259,100 -

EDUCATION

CHD-05/E01: Education de base en situation d’urgence UNICEF 2,488,636 5,488,636 1,671,154 30% 3,817,482 -

CHD-05/E02: Encadrement des jeunes enfants et des parents en situation UNICEF 988,755 988,755 150,000 15% 838,755 - d’urgence

Subtotal for EDUCATION 3,477,3916,477,391 1,821,154 28% 4,656,237 -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

58 CHAD

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 3 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

FOOD

CHD-05/F01: EMOP 10327.0: Assistance d'urgence en faveur des réfugiés WFP 50,445,943 70,718,997 36,318,978 51% 34,400,019 - soudanais et des populations locales au Nord Est du Tchad.

CHD-05/F02: IPSR 10391.0: Assistance d’urgence en faveur des réfugiés WFP 5,534,270 4,145,143 2,759,381 67% 1,385,762 - centrafricains au Sud du Tchad (10295.0/.1)

Subtotal for FOOD 55,980,21374,864,140 39,078,359 52% 35,785,781 -

HEALTH

CHD-05/H01: Appui au Ministère de Santé du Tchad en la surveillance WHO 4,677,875 2,027,875 646,831 32% 1,381,044 - épidémiologique et nutritionnel, préparation et réponse aux urgences dans les camps des réfugiés soudanais du Nord Est du Tchad et les populations hôtes

CHD-05/H02: Appui au Ministère de la Santé du Tchad pour le WHO 421,626 421,626 - 0% 421,626 - renforcement de son rôle de coordination entre les acteurs des réfugiés soudanais du Nord Est du Tchad et les services publiques du Ministère de la Santé Publique

CHD-05/H03: Prévention de la propagation du VIH/SIDA et réduction de UNAIDS 480,000 480,000 - 0% 480,000 - l’impact du VIH/SIDA dans les régions du Ouaddaï et Biltine (Wadi-Fira) CHD-05/H04: Lutte contre les maladies évitables par la vaccination UNICEF 500,522 1,153,701 1,153,701 100% - -

CHD-05/H05: Surveillance et prise en charge nutritionnelle dans les camps UNICEF 2,467,569 2,467,569 596,346 24% 1,871,223 - des réfugiés et dans les communautés hôtes

CHD-05/H06: Lutte contre les maladies diarrhéiques, les infections UNICEF 1,108,315 1,262,918 1,262,918 100% - - respiratoires aigues et le paludisme chez le jeune enfant

CHD-05/H07: Sensibilisation et prévention du VIH/SIDA auprès des jeunes UNICEF 394,706 394,706 288,647 73% 106,059 - et des femmes réfugiés et des communautés hôtes des 5 districts sanitaires de l’est du Tchad CHD-05/H08: Approvisionnement en services de Santé de la Reproduction UNFPA 1,045,100 1,025,100 - 0% 1,025,100 - aux réfugiés soudanais et populations hôtes à l’Est du Tchad

CHD-05/H09: Support médical et nutritionnel aux réfugiés soudanais et a la IMC 3,406,045 3,406,045 - 0% 3,406,045 - population locale à l’Est du Tchad.

Subtotal for HEALTH 14,501,75812,639,540 3,948,443 31% 8,691,097 -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 4 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

MINE ACTION

CHD-05/MA01: Réhabilitation Physique et Réintégration Sociale des Victimes UNDP 21,600 - - 0% - - des Mines

CHD-05/MA02: Réintégration Socio-économique des Victimes des Mines UNDP 10,800 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA03: Formation de Technicien Orthopédiques – Capacity Building UNDP 21,600 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA04: Evaluation rapide, vérification et surveillance technique MAG 1,300,000 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA05: Support au Programme Humanitaire d’Action de Déminage au UNDP 4,200,000 4,200,000 320,000 8% 3,880,000 - Tchad

CHD-05/MA06: Formation et aide aux victimes UNDP 80,892 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA07: Plaidoyer pour les Droits des Handicapés UNDP 62,532 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA08: Créer une ONG nationale pour les activités de Mine Action UNDP 102,600 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA09: Mise en place du Plan national pour la réintégration Socio- UNDP 285,120 - - 0% - - économique des victimes des Mines et UXO

CHD-05/MA10: Renforcement des capacités d’assistance aux victimes UNDP 48,492 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA11: Projet de Formation Professionnelle UNDP 28,080 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/MA12: Education sur les risques des mines UNICEF 561,900 112,000 - 0% 112,000 -

Subtotal for MINE ACTION 6,723,616 4,312,000 320,000 7% 3,992,000 -

MULTI-SECTOR

CHD-05/MS01: Protection et assistance pour les réfugiés soudanais du Darfur UNHCR 59,500,000 81,225,813 63,756,103 78% 17,469,710 - à l'Est du Tchad

CHD-05/MS02: Protecton et assistance pour les réfugiés Centre Africains au UNHCR - 5,471,342 4,814,863 88% 656,479 - Sud du Tchad

Subtotal for MULTI-SECTOR 59,500,00086,697,155 68,570,966 79% 18,126,189 -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 5 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

CHD-05/P/HR/RL01: Promotion de mesures urgentes de sauvegarde de FAO 1,379,175 1,379,175 - 0% 1,379,175 - l’environnement et de réhabilitation des sites dégradés par l’afflux de réfugiés CHD-05/P/HR/RL02: Intervention d’urgence de reforestation et d’exploitation des COOPI 526,696 526,696 - 0% 526,696 - ressources naturelles dans le departement de Sila

CHD-05/P/HR/RL03: Protection et Restauration de l’Environnement en Zones Africare 1,125,099 1,125,099 - 0% 1,125,099 - Occupées par les Réfugiés (PREZOR)

CHD-05/P/HR/RL04: Promotion et réforme des mécanismes alternatifs pour la UNDP 250,000 250,000 - 0% 250,000 - résolution et la prévention des conflits

CHD-05/P/HR/RL05: Renforcement des capacités de l’Equipe des Nations Unies au OHCHR 60,000 60,000 - 0% 60,000 - Tchad en vue de son appui aux structures nationales des droits de l’homme CHD-05/P/HR/RL06: Amélioration de la situation des droits de l’homme dans la UNDP 250,000 250,000 - 0% 250,000 - zone des réfugiés

CHD-05/P/HR/RL07: Projet Radio UNDP 229,100 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/P/HR/RL08: Assurer la protection des jeunes filles et des femmes contre la UNICEF 869,423 168,000 168,000 100% - - violence sexuelle

CHD-05/P/HR/RL09: Protection et développement intégrés de la jeunesse UNICEF 659,170 659,170 659,170 100% - -

CHD-05/P/HR/RL10: Réalisation des droits des enfants vulnérables affectés par la UNICEF 743,271 743,271 475,450 64% 267,821 - crise du Darfour et se trouvant à l’Est du Tchad

CHD-05/P/HR/RL11: Protection des enfants dans le camps des réfugies WVI 467,109 - - 0% - -

Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 6,559,0435,161,411 1,302,620 25% 3,858,791 -

SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED

CHD-05/UNICEF: Awaiting allocation to specific sector/projects UNICEF - -1,198,081 0% (1,198,081) -

Subtotal for SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED - - 1,198,081 0% (1,198,081) -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

61 CHAD

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 Requirements and Contributions per Sector as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 6 of 6

Project Code: Appealing Original Revised Commitments, % Unmet Uncommitted Sector/Activity Agency Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Requirements Pledges Carryover Values in US$

SECURITY

CHD-05/S01: Renforcement de la sécurité des personnels humanitaires et UNDSS 338,070 338,070 - 0% 338,070 - des bénéficiaires (previously UNSECOORD) CHD-05/S02: Lutte contre la prolifération des armes légères UNDP 408,005 - - 0% - -

Subtotal for SECURITY 746,075338,070 - 0% 338,070 -

SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS

CHD-05/S/NF01: Distribution de non vivres en urgence dans les camps des WVI 545,914 - - 0% - - réfugies.

Subtotal for SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 545,914 - - 0% - -

WATER AND SANITATION

CHD-05/WS01: Approvisionnement en eau potable et assainissement de UNICEF 7,489,535 7,489,535 595,653 8% 6,893,882 - base dans les camps de réfugiés et les localités hôtes (Régions du Ouaddaï, Wadi-Fira et B.E.T) CHD-05/WS02: Composante santé de l'eau et de la assainissement dans les WHO 412,764 412,764 - 0% 412,764 - camps de réfugiés Soudanais du Nord Est du Tchad et des populations hôtes CHD-05/WS03: Renforcement des Ressources Hydrauliques(RHH) Africare 447,585 447,585 - 0% 447,585 -

CHD-05/WS04: Construction des Bacs à Ordure. OXFAM UK 45,900 45,900 - 0% 45,900 -

CHD-05/WS05: Promotion l’Hygiène Environnementale Africare 1,125,214 1,125,214 - 0% 1,125,214 -

CHD-05/WS06: Améliorer la santé et la disponibilité d'eau dans les puits INTERSOS 43,200 - - 0% - -

CHD-05/WS07: Promotion de la santé publique parmi les réfugiés et les OXFAM UK 3,117,186 3,117,186 589,159 19% 2,528,027 - populations locale dans et autours des camps de Touloum, Kounoungou, Amnabak (Mader), Farchana, Bregjing, Treguine ainsi que dans le quatrième camps de l’axe central.

Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 12,681,38412,638,184 1,184,812 9% 11,453,372 -

Grand Total 182,691,840224,293,690 120,581,028 54% 103,712,662 -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

62 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR

UNHCR CHD-05/MS02 Assistance to refugees from Central Afrcian Republic in southern Chad 123,926 -

Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR 123,926 -

Allocation of unearmarked funds by WFP

WFP CHD-05/CSS05 Humanitarian Air Service. Multilateral funds. 147,195 - WFP CHD-05/CSS05 Humanitarian Air Service. Multilateral Funds. 350,238 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food Aid. Multilateral funds. 27,905 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid. Multilateral Funds. 744,762 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid. Multilateral Funds. 3,861 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food Aid. Multilateral funds. 27,703 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid. Multilateral Funds. 121,359 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid. Multilateral Funds. 940,450 -

Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by WFP 2,363,473 -

Australia

OXFAM UK CHD-05/WS07 Relief assistance to host communities in Chad 589,159 - WFP CHD-05/CSS03 SO 10390 194,750 -

Subtotal for Australia 783,909 -

Canada

UNHCR CHD-05/MS02 Assistance to Centrafrican refugees in southern Chad. 425,600 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 331,428 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 497,141 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food Aid 2,408,475 -

Subtotal for Canada 3,662,644 -

Carry-over (donors not specified)

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad (carried over from 2004; 11,700,216 - donors not specified) Subtotal for Carry-over (donors not specified) 11,700,216 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

63 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Cyprus

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 63,158 -

Subtotal for Cyprus 63,158 -

Denmark

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad. 2,107,926 - WFP CHD-05/CSS03 SO 10390 1,840 - WFP CHD-05/CSS03 Augmentation logistique pour l’opération d’urgence EMOP 10327.0 – 39,858 - Assistance d’urgence aux réfugiées Soudanais dans la région de l’est du Tchad (WFP SO 10390) WFP CHD-05/CSS05 SO 10338.0 3,250 - WFP CHD-05/CSS05 SO 10338.0: Service Aérien Humanitaire des Nations Unies au Tchad en appui 44,634 - au à l’EMOP 10327.0 – Assistance d’urgence aux réfugiés soudanais dans l’est du Tchad Subtotal for Denmark 2,197,508 -

Donor not reported by agency

UNICEF CHD-05/H04 Lutte contre les maladies évitables par la vaccination 481,264 - UNICEF CHD-05/H05 Surveillance et prise en charge nutritionnelle dans les camps des réfugiés et 596,346 - dans les communautés hôtes UNICEF CHD-05/H07 Sensibilisation et prévention du VIH/SIDA auprès des jeunes et des femmes 288,647 - réfugiés et des communautés hôtes des 5 districts sanitaires de l’est du Tchad

Subtotal for Donor not reported by agency 1,366,257 -

Estonia

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad. 33,071 -

Subtotal for Estonia 33,071 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

64 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 3 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 11,912,022 - (ECHO/TCD/EDF/2004/02008) UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 782,690 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 415,503 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 751,812 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Emergency Assistance to the Sudanese refugess in Northeast Chad 1,167,315 - (ECHO/TCD/EDF/2004/02010) WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid (Part of Euro 12 million - ECHO/TCD/BUD/2005/1000) 1,245,230 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 2,073,171 - WHO CHD-05/H01 Support to improve health outcomes of the Darfur refugees and local vulnerable 646,831 - population in Eastern Chad (received 80% - Euro 400,000 [US$ 483,676]) Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office 18,994,574 -

Finland

UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 389,106 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 365,854 -

Subtotal for Finland 754,960 -

France

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad. 389,105 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 107,889 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid for Sudanese refugees. 482,509 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food Aid 1,455,368 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid for CAR refugees. 301,568 -

Subtotal for France 2,736,439 -

Germany

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 International protection and humanitarian assistance for Sudanese refugees in 2,943,044 - eastern Chad Subtotal for Germany 2,943,044 -

Ireland

WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 811,959 -

Subtotal for Ireland 811,959 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

65 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 4 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Italy

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad. 261,992 -

Subtotal for Italy 261,992 -

Japan

UNHCR CHD-05/MS02 Assistance to Centrafrican refugees in southern Chad. 3,500,000 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 19,919 -

Subtotal for Japan 3,519,919 -

Luxembourg

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 323,415 -

Subtotal for Luxembourg 323,415 -

Netherlands

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 1,810,000 - UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 1,200,000 - WFP CHD-05/CSS05 Humanitarian air service 507,000 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 1,000,000 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 1,205,000 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid 275,000 -

Subtotal for Netherlands 5,997,000 -

New Zealand

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 696,931 -

Subtotal for New Zealand 696,931 -

Nigeria

WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid 33,384 -

Subtotal for Nigeria 33,384 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

66 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 5 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Norway

WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 13,650 -

Subtotal for Norway 13,650 -

Private

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 1,607,507 - UNHCR CHD-05/MS02 Assistance to refugees from Central African Republic in southern Chad 65,337 -

Subtotal for Private 1,672,844 -

South Africa

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 70,757 -

Subtotal for South Africa 70,757 -

Spain

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 687,693 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 180,941 -

Subtotal for Spain 868,634 -

Sweden

OCHA CHD-05/CSS01 Projet d’appui à la coordination humanitaire au Tchad 284,495 - UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 1,138,000 -

Subtotal for Sweden 1,422,495 -

Switzerland

UNDP CHD-05/MA05 Support to humanitarian demining programme in Chad 320,000 - UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Protection and assistance for Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 967,848 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 9,660 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food Aid 329,888 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food Aid 247,416 -

Subtotal for Switzerland 1,874,812 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

67 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 6 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

UNICEF National Committee/Italy

UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 313,489 - UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 417,984 -

Subtotal for UNICEF National Committee/Italy 731,473 -

UNICEF National Committee/Spain

UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 152,646 -

Subtotal for UNICEF National Committee/Spain 152,646 -

UNICEF National Committee/Switzerland

UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 117,188 -

Subtotal for UNICEF National Committee/Switzerland 117,188 -

UNICEF National Committee/United Kingdom

UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific sector/project 241,760 -

Subtotal for UNICEF National Committee/United Kingdom 241,760 -

United Arab Emirates

WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 115,973 -

Subtotal for United Arab Emirates 115,973 -

United Kingdom

UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 3,831,418 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid for Sudanese refugees. 3,335,826 -

Subtotal for United Kingdom 7,167,244 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

68 CHAD

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 7 of 7 Channel Project Code Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

United States of America

FAO CHD-05/A01 Amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire et des conditions de vie des réfugiés 75,000 - soudanais et des populations hôtes à travers la sauvegarde de leur cheptel et le développement du petit élevage FAO CHD-05/A03 Appui à la coordination des opérations d’urgence et de réhabilitation agricole. 75,000 -

FAO CHD-05/A04 Fourniture urgente d’intrants agricoles essentiels aux réfugiés centrafricains et 350,000 - aux populations hôtes UNHCR CHD-05/MS01 Assistance to Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad 24,350,000 - UNHCR CHD-05/MS02 Assistance to Centrafrican refugees in southern Chad. 700,000 - UNICEF CHD-05/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 2,100,000 - WFP CHD-05/CSS05 SO 10338.0 1,000,000 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 1,899,960 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 2,355,520 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 2,400,000 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 5,178,160 - WFP CHD-05/F01 Food aid 5,388,160 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food Aid 350,000 - WFP CHD-05/F02 Food aid 458,640 -

Subtotal for United States of America 46,680,440 -

WPD

WFP CHD-05/CSS03 Special Operation 10390 83,333 -

Subtotal for WPD 83,333 -

Grand Total 120,581,028 -

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

69 CHAD

Table V: Chad 2005 Total Funding per Donor (to projects listed in the Appeal) (carry over not included) as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Donor Commitments/ % of Uncommitted Contributions Grand Total pledges US$ US$ Values in US$ United States 46,680,440 38.7 % - ECHO (European Commission) 18,994,574 15.8 % - Carry-over (donors not specified) 11,700,216 9.7 % - United Kingdom 7,167,244 5.9 % - Netherlands 5,997,000 5.0 % - Canada 3,662,644 3.0 % - Japan 3,519,919 2.9 % - Private 2,999,244 2.5 % - Germany 2,943,044 2.4 % - France 2,736,439 2.3 % - Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 2,487,399 2.1 % - Denmark 2,197,508 1.8 % - Switzerland 1,874,812 1.6 % - Sweden 1,422,495 1.2 % - Donor not reported by agency 1,366,257 1.1 % - Spain 868,634 0.7 % - Ireland 811,959 0.7 % - Australia 783,909 0.7 % - Finland 754,960 0.6 % - New Zealand 696,931 0.6 % - Luxembourg 323,415 0.3 % - Italy 261,992 0.2 % - United Arab Emirates 115,973 0.1 % - South Africa 70,757 0.1 % - Cyprus 63,158 0.1 % - Others 80,105 0.1 % -

Grand Total 120,581,028 100.0 % -

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

* includes contributions to the Consolidated Appeal and additional contributions outside of the Consolidated Appeal Process (bilateral, Red Cross, etc...)

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

70 CHAD

Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 2

Channel Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Australia

CARE Relief assistance to host communities in Chad 589,159 -

Subtotal for Australia 589,159 -

Denmark

MSF Health services with special focus on mother/child health for refugees from the Darfur province, 505,251 - Sudan Subtotal for Denmark 505,251 -

European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office

UN Agencies, NGOs and Red Cross Humanitarian aid [ECHO/TCD/BUD/2005/01000] - 10,391,386

Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office - 10,391,386

France

CARE Help to the Chadian farmers hit by the migration of Darfur's refugees on their lands. 452,352 -

Subtotal for France 452,352 -

Germany GTZ Life security around the refugee camps in between of PRODABO 975,610 - Help Drinking water provision for 13,000 refugees over an 8 months period 470,173 - Help Provision of 16,000 refugees with 160m drinking water per day 237,788 - Help Water and Sanitation aid for Darfur's refugees in the Am Nabak camp. 254,813 - MSF Health care 164,052 -

Subtotal for Germany 2,102,436 -

Italy

MFA Assistance to affected population - health and medical 258,732 -

Subtotal for Italy 258,732 -

Luxembourg CARITAS Core humanitarian aid 129,702 - MSF Treatment of measles. 294,859 -

Subtotal for Luxembourg 424,561 -

Netherlands ICRC Civil rights, basic health care, medical, food, water supply, family reunion etc. 6,273,526 -

Subtotal for Netherlands 6,273,526 -

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

71 CHAD

Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Chad 2005 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 2

Channel Description Commitments/ Uncommitted Contributions Pledges US$ US$ Values in US$

Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of)

Bilateral Humanitarian assistance to the refugees in Chad 1,000,000 -

Subtotal for Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) 1,000,000 -

Sweden

PMU-I 150 latrines, 50 sun protecting roofs, reparation of 22 roofs 137,775 -

Subtotal for Sweden 137,775 -

Switzerland

MAP Humanitarian air logistics support 24,000 - UNHCR Protection and assistance for Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad - experts (3) 560,000 - UNHCR Secondment of experts for Darfur Refugees in Chad. 116,279 -

Subtotal for Switzerland 700,279 -

Turkey

IFRC Humanitarian Aid in order to help displaced population due to the Darfur's conflict. 5,000 -

Subtotal for Turkey 5,000 -

United Kingdom MSF, Netherlands To provide basic health care and humanitarian assistance to Sudanese refugees seeking shelter 1,021,819 - in Bredjing camp and the surrounding Cahdian population MSF, Netherlands To provide basic health care and humanitarian assistance to Sudanese refugees seeking shelter. 1,027,910 -

UNHCR UNHCR protection and assistance for Sudanese refugees in Eastern Chad. 3,782,034 -

Subtotal for United Kingdom 5,831,763 -

United States of America ACTED Environmental protection, watsan for affected Chadians (USAID/OFDA) 50,000 -

Subtotal for United States of America 50,000 -

Grand Total 18,330,834 10,391,386

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

* Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

72 CHAD

Table VII: Chad 2005 Total Humanitarian Assistance per Donor (Appeal plus other*) as of 9 November 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations

Donor Commitments/ % of Uncommitted Contributions Grand Total pledges US$ US$ Values in US$ United States 46,730,440 33.6 % - ECHO (European Commission) 18,994,574 13.7 % 10,391,386 United Kingdom 12,999,007 9.4 % - Netherlands 12,270,526 8.8 % - Carry-over (donors not specified) 11,700,216 8.4 % - Germany 5,045,480 3.6 % - Canada 3,662,644 2.6 % - Japan 3,519,919 2.5 % - France 3,188,791 2.3 % - Private 2,999,244 2.2 % - Denmark 2,702,759 1.9 % - Switzerland 2,575,091 1.9 % - Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 2,487,399 1.8 % - Sweden 1,560,270 1.1 % - Australia 1,373,068 1.0 % - Donor not reported by agency 1,366,257 1.0 % - Saudi Arabia 1,000,000 0.7 % - Spain 868,634 0.6 % - Ireland 811,959 0.6 % - Finland 754,960 0.5 % - Luxembourg 747,976 0.5 % - New Zealand 696,931 0.5 % - Italy 520,724 0.4 % - United Arab Emirates 115,973 0.1 % - South Africa 70,757 0.1 % - Others 148,263 0.1 % - Grand Total 138,911,862 100.0 % 10,391,386

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

* includes contributions to the Consolidated Appeal and additional contributions outside of the Consolidated Appeal Process (bilateral, Red Cross, etc...)

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 November 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

73 CHAD

ANNEX IV. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AAH-USA Action Against Hunger-USA ACTED Agence de Coopération Technique et de Développement ADESK Association de Developpment Economique et Social de Kouango AGS Action for Greening Sahel ASB Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland eV

BET Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti BSF Blanket Supplementary Feeding

CA Consolidated Appeal CAP Consolidated Appeals Process CAR Central African Republic CCF Christian Children’s Fund CCSRP Collège de Contrôle et de Surveillance des Revenus Pétroliers CFSVA Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis CHAP Common Humanitarian Action Plan CIRAD Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement CNAR Commission Nationale pour l’Accueil et la Réinsertion des Refugiés COOPI Cooperazione Internazionale CORD Christian Outreach Relief and Development CRC Chad Red Cross CRT Croix-Rouge Tchad

ECHO Humanitarian Aid Department of the European Commission EMOP Emergency Operation

FA Flash Appeal FADT Francophone Africa Deaf Trust FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEWS Famine Early Warning System FFW Food-For-Work FSO Field Security Officer FTS Financial Tracking Service

GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GFD General Food Distribution GoC Government of Chad GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit

HC Humanitarian Coordinator HDI Human Development Index HDR Human Development Report HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries HIV/AIDS Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome

ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IDP Internally Displaced Person IFRC International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IMC International Medical Corps IMF International Monetary Fund IRC International Rescue Committee IRD International Relief and Development

JEM Justice and Equality Movement JRS Jesuit Refugee Services

MEE Ministry of Environment and Water M&E Monitoring and Evaluation 74 CHAD

MCH Maternal and Child Health MoE Ministry of Education MoH Ministry of Health MORSS Minimum Operating Residential Security Standards MOSS Minimum Operating Security Standards MSF Médecins Sans Frontières MYR Mid-Year Review

NCA Norwegian Church Aid NFI Non-Food Item NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations

OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

PU Première Urgence PVERS Projet de Valorisation des Eaux de Ruissellement

QUIP Quick Impact Project

SAM Severe Acute Malnutrition SECADEV Secours Catholique pour le Développement SGBV Sexual Gender-Based Violence SLA Sudan Liberation Army STD Sexually Transmitted Disease

TFC Therapeutic Feeding Centre

UN United Nations UNAIDS United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund USAID United States Agency for International Development UXO Unexploded Ordnance

VAM Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping

WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization

75

NOTES:

Consolidated Appeal Feedback Sheet

If you would like to comment on this document please do so below and fax this sheet to + 41–22–917–0368 (Attn: CAP Section) or scan it and email us: [email protected] Comments reaching us before 28 February 2006 will help us improve the CAP in time for 2007. Thank you very much for your time.

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) Section, OCHA

Please write the name of the Consolidated Appeal on which you are commenting:

1. What did you think of the review of 2005? How could it be improved?

2. Is the context and prioritised humanitarian need clearly presented? How could it be improved?

3. To what extent do response plans address humanitarian needs? How could it be improved?

4. To what extent are roles and coordination mechanisms clearly presented? How could it be improved?

5. To what extent are budgets realistic and in line with the proposed actions? How could it be improved?

6. Is the presentation of the document lay-out and format clear and well written? How could it be improved?

Please make any additional comments on another sheet or by email.

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Revise the Plan Assess Needs

s ight Monitor & Evaluate n R Build Scenarios uma

H CHAP

Set Goals

Implement a Coordinated Programme Identify Roles & Responsibilities

Plan the Response

Appeal for Funds

http://www.humanitarianappeal.net

OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA)

UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10 USA SWITZERLAND