GREAT Lepimap Challenge Summer 2020/21

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

GREAT Lepimap Challenge Summer 2020/21 GREAT LepiMAP Challenge summer 2020/21 Rank Family Scientific name Common name Status QDGCs 1 LYCAENIDAE Deloneura immaculata Bashee river buff Extinct (SABCA 2013) 1 2 NYMPHALIDAE Tirumala petiverana Dappled monarch, blue monarch Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 3 NYMPHALIDAE Ypthima antennata antennata Clubbed ringlet Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 4 NYMPHALIDAE Stygionympha dicksoni Dickson's hillside brown Critically Endangered (SABCA 2013) 3 5 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides mbuluensis Mbulu's copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 6 NYMPHALIDAE Pseudonympha southeyi southeyi Southey's brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 7 7 HESPERIIDAE Andronymus caesar philander White dart Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 8 NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes druceanus solitarius Silver-barred charaxes Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 9 LYCAENIDAE Thestor calviniae Dickson's skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 10 NYMPHALIDAE Coenyropsis natalii poetulodes Natal brown Data Deficient (SABCA 2013) 3 11 NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes xiphares staudei Forest-king charaxes Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 12 NYMPHALIDAE Dira swanepoeli isolata Swanepoel's widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 13 LYCAENIDAE Thestor protumnus terblanchei Terblanche's skolly Vulnerable (SABCA 2013) 2 14 LYCAENIDAE Trimenia malagrida malagrida Scarce mountain copper Critically Endangered (SABCA 2013) 1 15 NYMPHALIDAE Neptis serena serena Serene sailer Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 16 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis lyncurium Tsomo river opal Vulnerable (SABCA 2013) 4 17 NYMPHALIDAE Sevenia rosa Rosa's tree nymph Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 18 LYCAENIDAE Trimenia wykehami Wykeham's silver-spotted copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 8 19 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides carolynnae aurata Carolynn's copper Near Threatened (SABCA 2013) 5 20 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis thysbe mithras Common opal Data Deficient (SABCA 2013) 2 21 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis oreas Drakensberg daisy copper Near Threatened (SABCA 2013) 10 22 LYCAENIDAE Thestor petra tempe Tempe skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 Pseudonympha southeyi 23 NYMPHALIDAE Southey's brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 kamiesbergensis 24 HESPERIIDAE Kedestes sarahae Sarah's ranger Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 25 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides monticola Cedarberg copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 26 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis blencathrae Waaihoek opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 27 LYCAENIDAE Zintha hintza krooni Hintza pierrot Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 28 LYCAENIDAE Trimenia wallengrenii wallengrenii Wallengren's silver-spotted copper Critically Endangered (SABCA 2013) 1 29 NYMPHALIDAE Torynesis orangica Orange widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 30 LYCAENIDAE Virachola dinomenes dinomenes Orange playboy Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 17 31 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides stevensoni Stevenson's copper Endangered (SABCA 2013) 2 32 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis adonis adonis Adonis opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 33 NYMPHALIDAE Neita lotenia Loteni brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 7 34 NYMPHALIDAE Torynesis pringlei Pringle's widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 35 NYMPHALIDAE Cassionympha camdeboo Camdeboo brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 36 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops jefferyi Jeffery's blue Endangered (SABCA 2013) 2 37 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops swanepoeli Swanepoel's blue Endangered (SABCA 2013) 2 38 LYCAENIDAE Thestor barbatus Bearded skolly Data Deficient (SABCA 2013) 1 39 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops loewensteini Loewenstein's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 40 LYCAENIDAE Orachrysops nasutus remus Nosy blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 16 41 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides pringlei Pringle's copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 42 LYCAENIDAE Anthene minima minima Little hairtail Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 25 43 NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes marieps Marieps charaxes Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 44 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops penningtoni Pennington's blue Data Deficient (SABCA 2013) 4 45 HESPERIIDAE Spialia agylla bamptoni Grassveld sandman Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 46 PIERIDAE Colotis celimene pholoe Lilac tip Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 47 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis turneri wykehami Wykeham's opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 48 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis nigricans rubescens Dark opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 49 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis azurius Azure opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 11 50 NYMPHALIDAE Serradinga bowkeri bella Bowker's widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 6 51 LYCAENIDAE Thestor overbergensis Overberg skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 52 LYCAENIDAE Chloroselas mazoensis Purple gem Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 17 53 NYMPHALIDAE Neita durbani D'Urban's brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 13 54 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis thysbe schloszae Moorreesburg Common opal Critically Endangered (SABCA 2013) 1 55 PAPILIONIDAE Papilio ophidicephalus zuluensis Emperor swallowtail Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 56 NYMPHALIDAE Stygionympha geraldi Gerald's hillside brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 11 57 LYCAENIDAE Capys penningtoni Pennington's protea Endangered (SABCA 2013) 6 58 NYMPHALIDAE Tarsocera cassus outeniqua Spring widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 17 59 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis beaufortia charlesi Beaufort opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 60 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis violescens Violescent opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 7 61 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops jamesi jamesi James's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 6 62 LYCAENIDAE Phasis pringlei Pringle's arrowhead Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 63 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides caledoni Caledon copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 8 64 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides merces Wakkerstroom copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 7 65 NYMPHALIDAE Dingana alaedeus Wakkerstroom widow Near Threatened (SABCA 2013) 4 66 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides pallida liversidgei Giant copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 67 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis zeuxo cottrelli Cottrell's daisy copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 10 68 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops quickelbergei Quickelberge's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 69 LYCAENIDAE Thestor camdeboo Camdeboo skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 70 LYCAENIDAE Thestor compassbergae Compassberg skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 71 NYMPHALIDAE Neita neita Neita brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 18 72 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis daphne Daphne's opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 73 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis pyramus balli Ball's opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 74 LYCAENIDAE Orachrysops brinkmani Brinkman's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 75 NYMPHALIDAE Serradinga kammanassiensis Kammanassie widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 76 NYMPHALIDAE Pseudonympha penningtoni Pennington's brown Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 26 77 NYMPHALIDAE Neptis kiriakoffi Kiriakoff's sailer Least Concern (LC) 5 78 NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes karkloof trimeni Karkloof charaxes Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 6 79 LYCAENIDAE Trimenia malagrida paarlensis Scarce mountain copper Critically Endangered (SABCA 2013) 1 80 NYMPHALIDAE Cyrestis camillus sublineata African porcelain Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 81 HESPERIIDAE Calleagris krooni Kroon's skipper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 8 82 NYMPHALIDAE Dira swanepoeli swanepoeli Swanepoel's widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 8 83 PIERIDAE Dixeia leucophanes Spotless black-veined white 2 84 NYMPHALIDAE Tarsocera imitator Deceptive widow Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 28 85 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops jamesi claassensi James's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 86 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops badhami Badham's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 10 87 LYCAENIDAE Thestor dryburghi Dryburg's skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 8 88 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops bacchus Wineland blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 23 89 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis uranus schoemani Uranus opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 6 90 LYCAENIDAE Orachrysops regalis Royal blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 6 91 LYCAENIDAE Thestor rooibergensis Rooiberg skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 92 HESPERIIDAE Spialia secessus Wolkberg sandman Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 10 93 LYCAENIDAE Thestor pictus Langeberg skolly Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 4 94 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides pallida jonathani Giant copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 95 LYCAENIDAE Anthene millari Millar's hairtail Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 47 96 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops balli Ball's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 97 LYCAENIDAE Deloneura millari millari Millar's buff 21 98 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis adonis aridimontis Adonis opal Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 1 99 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops littoralis Coastal blue Near Threatened (SABCA 2013) 14 100 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops victori Victor's blue Vulnerable (SABCA 2013) 2 101 LYCAENIDAE Chrysoritis penningtoni Pennington's opal Vulnerable (SABCA 2013) 6 102 LYCAENIDAE Orachrysops nasutus nasutus Nosy blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 17 103 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides dentatis maseruna Roodepoort copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 24 104 LYCAENIDAE Aloeides trimeni southeyae Trimen's copper Endangered (SABCA 2013) 5 105 LYCAENIDAE Aslauga australis Southern purple Near Threatened (SABCA 2013) 10 106 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops oosthuizeni Oosthuizen's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 17 107 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops southeyae Southey's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 15 108 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops rossouwi Rossouw's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 3 109 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops outeniqua Outeniqua blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 5 110 LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops vansoni Van Son's blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 12 111 LYCAENIDAE Trimenia malagrida maryae Scarce mountain copper Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 112 HESPERIIDAE Pyrrhiades anchises anchises One-pip policeman Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 25 113 NYMPHALIDAE Ypthima condamini condamini Condamin's ringlet Least Concern (SABCA 2013) 2 114 NYMPHALIDAE Precis antilope Darker commodore Least Concern
Recommended publications
  • Metamorphosis Vol 12(3) Complete.Pdf
    ELECTED COUNCILLORS Hermann Staude Chairman (2 years) [email protected] Alf Curle Treasurer (2 years) [email protected] Alan Heath Secretary/ membership (2 years) [email protected] Bennie Coetzer Data processing (2 years) [email protected] Doug Kroon Journal Editor (5 years) [email protected] Graham Henning Conservation (2 years) [email protected] Mark Williams Scientific Editor (2 years) [email protected] Jonathan Ball Western Cape Branch (2 years) [email protected] Steve Woodhall Gauteng Branch (2 years) [email protected] CO-OPTED MEMBERS Martin Krüger Transvaal Museum Representative [email protected] Peter Roos Webmaster [email protected] Reinier Terblanche Youth I Education [email protected] AREA REPRESENTATIVES Steve Collins East Africa Branch [email protected] Alan Gardiner Zimbabwe Branch [email protected] Haydon Warren-Gash West Africa [email protected] EDITORIAL Editor: Doug Kroon. Scientific advisers: Martin Krüger. Rolf Oberprieler, Stephen Henning, Malcolm Scoble, Henk Geertsema, Alan Gardiner, Dick Vane-Wright, Axel Hausmann. MEMBERSHIP The aims of the Lepidopterists' Society of Africa are to promote the scientific study and the conservation of Lepidoptera in Africa, and to provide a communication forum for all people who are interested in African Lepidoptera. Metamorphosis, which is the official journal of the Society, publishes original scientific papers as well as articles of a less technical nature. Fees indicated below refer to surface postage, but if airmail is required, notify the Treasurer and - per issue – add R32.00 for Africa or US $6.00 if Overseas. Membership of the Society is open to all persons who are interested in the study of Lepidoptera.
    [Show full text]
  • The Scale Insect
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Bonn zoological Bulletin - früher Bonner Zoologische Beiträge. Jahr/Year: 2020 Band/Volume: 69 Autor(en)/Author(s): Caballero Alejandro, Ramos-Portilla Andrea Amalia, Rueda-Ramírez Diana, Vergara-Navarro Erika Valentina, Serna Francisco Artikel/Article: The scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) collection of the entomological museum “Universidad Nacional Agronomía Bogotá”, and its impact on Colombian coccidology 165-183 Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (2): 165–183 ISSN 2190–7307 2020 · Caballero A. et al. http://www.zoologicalbulletin.de https://doi.org/10.20363/BZB-2020.69.2.165 Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F30B3548-7AD0-4A8C-81EF-B6E2028FBE4F The scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) collection of the entomological museum “Universidad Nacional Agronomía Bogotá”, and its impact on Colombian coccidology Alejandro Caballero1, *, Andrea Amalia Ramos-Portilla2, Diana Rueda-Ramírez3, Erika Valentina Vergara-Navarro4 & Francisco Serna5 1, 4, 5 Entomological Museum UNAB, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Cra 30 N° 45-03 Ed. 500, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia 2 Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Subgerencia de Protección Vegetal, Av. Calle 26 N° 85 B-09, Bogotá, Colombia 3 Research group “Manejo Integrado de Plagas”, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Cra 30 # 45-03 Ed. 500, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia 4 Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, Research Center Tibaitata, Km 14, via Mosquera-Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia * Corresponding author: Email: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:A4AB613B-930D-4823-B5A6-45E846FDB89B 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:B7F6B826-2C68-4169-B965-1EB57AF0552B 3 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:ECFA677D-3770-4314-A73B-BF735123996E 4 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:AA36E009-D7CE-44B6-8480-AFF74753B33B 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E05AE2CA-8C85-4069-A556-7BDB45978496 Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet, Consectetur Adipiscing Elit
    Volume 26: 102–108 METAMORPHOSIS www.metamorphosis.org.za ISSN 1018–6490 (PRINT) LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY OF AFRICA ISSN 2307–5031 (ONLINE) Classification of the Afrotropical butterflies to generic level Published online: 25 December 2015 Mark C. Williams 183 van der Merwe Street, Rietondale, Pretoria, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © Lepidopterists’ Society of Africa Abstract: This paper applies the findings of phylogenetic studies on butterflies (Papilionoidea) in order to present an up to date classification of the Afrotropical butterflies to genus level. The classification for Afrotropical butterflies is placed within a worldwide context to subtribal level. Taxa that still require interrogation are highlighted. Hopefully this classification will provide a stable context for researchers working on Afrotropical butterflies. Key words: Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea, Afrotropical butterflies, classification. Citation: Williams, M.C. (2015). Classification of the Afrotropical butterflies to generic level. Metamorphosis 26: 102–108. INTRODUCTION Suborder Glossata Fabricius, 1775 (6 infraorders) Infraorder Heteroneura Tillyard, 1918 (34 Natural classifications of biological organisms, based superfamilies) on robust phylogenetic hypotheses, are needed before Clade Obtectomera Minet, 1986 (12 superfamilies) meaningful studies can be conducted in regard to their Superfamily Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802 (7 evolution, biogeography, ecology and conservation. families) Classifications, dating from the time of Linnaeus in the Family Papilionidae Latreille, 1802 (32 genera, 570 mid seventeen hundreds, were based on morphology species) for nearly two hundred and fifty years. Classifications Family Hedylidae Guenée, 1858 (1 genus, 36 species) based on phylogenies derived from an interrogation of Family Hesperiidae Latreille, 1809 (570 genera, 4113 the genome of individual organisms began in the late species) 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • African Butterfly News Can Be Downloaded Here
    LATE SUMMER EDITION: JANUARY / AFRICAN FEBRUARY 2018 - 1 BUTTERFLY THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY OF AFRICA NEWS LATEST NEWS Welcome to the first newsletter of 2018! I trust you all have returned safely from your December break (assuming you had one!) and are getting into the swing of 2018? With few exceptions, 2017 was a very poor year butterfly-wise, at least in South Africa. The drought continues to have a very negative impact on our hobby, but here’s hoping that 2018 will be better! Braving the Great Karoo and Noorsveld (Mark Williams) In the first week of November 2017 Jeremy Dobson and I headed off south from Egoli, at the crack of dawn, for the ‘Harde Karoo’. (Is there a ‘Soft Karoo’?) We had a very flexible plan for the six-day trip, not even having booked any overnight accommodation. We figured that finding a place to commune with Uncle Morpheus every night would not be a problem because all the kids were at school. As it turned out we did not have to spend a night trying to kip in the Pajero – my snoring would have driven Jeremy nuts ... Friday 3 November The main purpose of the trip was to survey two quadrants for the Karoo BioGaps Project. One of these was on the farm Lushof, 10 km west of Loxton, and the other was Taaiboschkloof, about 50 km south-east of Loxton. The 1 000 km drive, via Kimberley, to Loxton was accompanied by hot and windy weather. The temperature hit 38 degrees and was 33 when the sun hit the horizon at 6 pm.
    [Show full text]
  • METAMORPHOSIS No. 24
    METAMORPHOSIS No. 24 Editor: N.K. Owen-Johnston December 1989 METAMORPHOSIS, VOLUME 1, NUMBER 24 2 Editorial A lot is spoken and written these days about conservation. I feel it is time that we cleared the air and worked out precisely what we are talking about. Firstly, let’s look at a few definitions. (These definitions are taken from Funk & Wagnell’s Standard Desk Dictionary). Conservation: The preservation of natural resources for economical or recreational use. Ecology: The division of biology that treats the relations between organisms and their environment. Management: The skillful use of means. Population: A group of individuals. Let’s elaborate on these terms as they apply to butterflies. Ecology can be construed to be the study of butterflies and their relationship with their environment. A population of butterflies, in the ecological context, is a group of individuals of the same species that interacts with one another within the confines of the group. Management is the act of manipulating a population within its environmental boundaries to achieve a certain set of objectives. Or, to put it simply, it is applied ecology. Wildlife managers cannot and do not manage butterflies or species. They manage populations. Several factors determine how this should be done. Firstly, the status of the population should be determined. It should be decided whether the population is safe, vulnerable or endangered. If the population is safe, the management required is nothing more than ensuring that no outside influence presents a threat to the population. If it is vulnerable, the threat to the population is identified and controlled or removed, thereby improving the population’s chances of survival.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier Area, Swellendam
    Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier area, Swellendam by Johannes Philippus Groenewald Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Science in Conservation Ecology in the Faculty of AgriSciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. Michael J. Samways Co-supervisor: Dr. Ruan Veldtman December 2014 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration I hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis, for the degree of Master of Science in Conservation Ecology, is my own work that have not been previously published in full or in part at any other University. All work that are not my own, are acknowledge in the thesis. ___________________ Date: ____________ Groenewald J.P. Copyright © 2014 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Acknowledgements Firstly I want to thank my supervisor Prof. M. J. Samways for his guidance and patience through the years and my co-supervisor Dr. R. Veldtman for his help the past few years. This project would not have been possible without the help of Prof. H. Geertsema, who helped me with the identification of the Lepidoptera and other insect caught in the study area. Also want to thank Dr. K. Oberlander for the help with the identification of the Oxalis species found in the study area and Flora Cameron from CREW with the identification of some of the special plants growing in the area. I further express my gratitude to Dr. Odette Curtis from the Overberg Renosterveld Project, who helped with the identification of the rare species found in the study area as well as information about grazing and burning of Renosterveld.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: Myrmecophilous African Butterflies
    Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 169–182 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12098 Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: myrmecophilous African butterflies with carnivorous and herbivorous life histories JOHN H. BOYLE1,2, ZOFIA A. KALISZEWSKA1,2, MARIANNE ESPELAND1,2,3, TAMARA R. SUDERMAN1,2, JAKE FLEMING2,4, ALAN HEATH5 andNAOMI E. PIERCE1,2 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 3Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 4Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. and 5Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract. The Aphnaeinae (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are a largely African subfamily of 278 described species that exhibit extraordinary life-history variation. The larvae of these butterflies typically form mutualistic associations with ants, and feed on awide variety of plants, including 23 families in 19 orders. However, at least one species in each of 9 of the 17 genera is aphytophagous, parasitically feeding on the eggs, brood or regurgitations of ants. This diversity in diet and type of symbiotic association makes the phylogenetic relations of the Aphnaeinae of particular interest. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aphnaeinae was inferred from 4.4 kb covering the mitochondrial marker COI and five nuclear markers (wg, H3, CAD, GAPDH and EF1) for each of 79 ingroup taxa representing 15 of the 17 currently recognized genera, as well as three outgroup taxa. Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses all support Heath’s systematic revision of the clade based on morphological characters.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Characters of the Immature Stages of Henotesia Narcissus
    224 Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 23 (4): 225–236 (2003) 225 Morphological characters of the immature stages of Henotesia narcissus (Fabricius, 1798): description and phylogenetic significance (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini, Mycalesina)1 Peter H. Roos Dr. Peter H. Roos, Goethestrasse 1a, D-45549 Sprockhövel, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Development and morphological characters of mathematisch adäquat durch eine Exponentialfunktion the immature stages of Henotesia narcissus (Fabricius, 1798) beschrieben werden. Ähnliche Funktionen können zur from Madagascar were studied. The aims were to find phy- Charakterisierung des Längenwachstums des Körpers sowie logenetically relevant characters to analyze the systematic der Zunahme der Stemmatadurchmesser benutzt werden. relationships of the subtribe Mycalesina within the Satyrini Durch einfache Kalkulationen können einzelne Larvalsta- and to find criteria for distinction of the larval stages. Clear dien identifiziert werden, wodurch die Vorausetzung für synapomorphies have been found for Mycalesina and the vergleichende morphologische Studien geschaffen ist. subtribe Ypthimina in the larval stages such as clubbed setae and thoracic dorsal trichome fields in the last instar larvae. Thus, the close relationship between the Mycalesina and Introduction the Lethina/Elymniina as proposed by Miller (1968) is not The order Lepidoptera includes an estimated number confirmed by our results. Our conclusion is supported by fur- of about 1.4 million species (Gaston 1991, Simon 1996). ther common characters of the Mycalesina and Ypthimina which, however, cannot be easily interpreted in phylogenetic For many, if not most of the known species often nothing terms. Such characters which are not shared by the Lethina more than some characters of the wing pattern have and Elymniina are for example the shape of the scoli present been published which may allow the identification of on the head capsule in all larval instars, the enlargement the species in the mature stage.
    [Show full text]
  • Fasanbi SHOWCASE
    Threatened Species Monitoring PROGRAMME Threatened Species in South Africa: A review of the South African National Biodiversity Institutes’ Threatened Species Programme: 2004–2009 Acronyms ADU – Animal Demography Unit ARC – Agricultural Research Council BASH – Big Atlassing Summer Holiday BIRP – Birds in Reserves Project BMP – Biodiversity Management Plan BMP-S – Biodiversity Management Plans for Species CFR – Cape Floristic Region CITES – Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CoCT – City of Cape Town CREW – Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers CWAC – Co-ordinated Waterbird Counts DEA – Department of Environmental Affairs DeJaVU – December January Atlassing Vacation Unlimited EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMI – Environmental Management Inspector GBIF – Global Biodiversity Information Facility GIS – Geographic Information Systems IAIA – International Association for Impact Assessment IAIAsa – International Association for Impact Assessment South Africa IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature LAMP – Long Autumn Migration Project LepSoc – Lepidopterists’ Society of Africa MCM – Marine and Coastal Management MOA – memorandum of agreement MOU – memorandum of understanding NBI – National Botanical Institute NEMA – National Environmental Management Act NEMBA – National Environmental Management Biodiversity Act NGO – non-governmental organization NORAD – Norwegian Agency for Development Co–operation QDGS – quarter-degree grid square SABAP – Southern African Bird Atlas Project SABCA – Southern African
    [Show full text]
  • The Radiation of Satyrini Butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): A
    Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 64–87. With 8 figures The radiation of Satyrini butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a challenge for phylogenetic methods CARLOS PEÑA1,2*, SÖREN NYLIN1 and NIKLAS WAHLBERG1,3 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru 3Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland Received 24 February 2009; accepted for publication 1 September 2009 We have inferred the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis to date of butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. In order to obtain a hypothesis of relationships, we used maximum parsimony and model-based methods with 4435 bp of DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes for 179 taxa (130 genera and eight out-groups). We estimated dates of origin and diversification for major clades, and performed a biogeographic analysis using a dispersal–vicariance framework, in order to infer a scenario of the biogeographical history of the group. We found long-branch taxa that affected the accuracy of all three methods. Moreover, different methods produced incongruent phylogenies. We found that Satyrini appeared around 42 Mya in either the Neotropical or the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, and/or Indo-Australian regions, and underwent a quick radiation between 32 and 24 Mya, during which time most of its component subtribes originated. Several factors might have been important for the diversification of Satyrini: the ability to feed on grasses; early habitat shift into open, non-forest habitats; and geographic bridges, which permitted dispersal over marine barriers, enabling the geographic expansions of ancestors to new environ- ments that provided opportunities for geographic differentiation, and diversification.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Endemic Butterflies of Eastern Africa and Malawi
    SOME ENDEMIC BUTTERFLIES OF EASTERN AFRICA AND MALAWI T C E Congdon, Ivan Bampton* *ABRI, P O Box 14308, Nairobi Kenya Abstract: The ‘Eastern Arc’ of Kenya and Tanzania is defined in terms of its butterfly fauna. Butterflies endemic to it and neighbouring ecological zones are listed. The ‘Tanzania-Malawi Highlands’ are identified as an ecological zone. Distributions of the endemic butterflies within the Eastern Arc and other zones are examined. Some possible causes of endemism are suggested. Conservation issues are discussed. An updated list of the endemic Butterflies of Tanzania is given. Key words and phrases: Endemism, biodiversity, conservation, ecological zones, East African Coastal Belt, Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania-Malawi Highlands. Introduction The Study Area includes the whole of Tanzania, with extensions to include coastal Kenya and the highlands of Malawi. Ecological zones within the study area are identified. Butterflies endemic within the study area are listed by zone, and distributions within two of the zones are examined in detail. The conservation status of important forests is discussed and the most vulnerable areas are identified. In the Appendix (I) we provide an updated checklist of Tanzania’s endemic species. Methods and Materials Ecological zones are defined. The species endemic to each zone are listed, together with their distribution within the zone and altitude range within which they are known to occur (Table 1): totals are given. In the discussion section zonal endemism is examined. Species endemic to individual mountain blocks are scheduled in Table 2 and totals are given. Conservation priorities are discussed. The number of species each block shares with each other block is tabulated (Table 3) together with the total of species so shared present on each block.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Islands Conservation, Management and Sustainable Use
    Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and its Islands Conservation, Management and Sustainable Use Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 6 IUCN - The World Conservation Union IUCN Species Survival Commission Role of the SSC The Species Survival Commission (SSC) is IUCN's primary source of the 4. To provide advice, information, and expertise to the Secretariat of the scientific and technical information required for the maintenance of biologi- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna cal diversity through the conservation of endangered and vulnerable species and Flora (CITES) and other international agreements affecting conser- of fauna and flora, whilst recommending and promoting measures for their vation of species or biological diversity. conservation, and for the management of other species of conservation con- cern. Its objective is to mobilize action to prevent the extinction of species, 5. To carry out specific tasks on behalf of the Union, including: sub-species and discrete populations of fauna and flora, thereby not only maintaining biological diversity but improving the status of endangered and • coordination of a programme of activities for the conservation of bio- vulnerable species. logical diversity within the framework of the IUCN Conservation Programme. Objectives of the SSC • promotion of the maintenance of biological diversity by monitoring 1. To participate in the further development, promotion and implementation the status of species and populations of conservation concern. of the World Conservation Strategy; to advise on the development of IUCN's Conservation Programme; to support the implementation of the • development and review of conservation action plans and priorities Programme' and to assist in the development, screening, and monitoring for species and their populations.
    [Show full text]