A Nagaya in Vancouver by Kiyoshi Shimizu

NIKKEI IMAGES

Japanese Canadian National Museum Newsletter ISSN#1203-9017 Winter 2002, Vol. 7, No. 4 Nikkei Week 125th Anniversary Dinner Address by Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Consul General of Japan in Vancouver Mr. Before the first European Explorers arrived, Ozawa, honoured guest, Reverend Nagano, President some 10 millennia of human history had been lived here Hayashi of the National Nikkei Heritage Society, Mr. Continued on page 2 Fukawa President of the Japanese Canadian National Museum, Mr. Paul Kariya, Coordinator of the Fishermen’s Reunion Project Committee, Honoured fellow British Columbian Women and Men of Japanese descent. I am delighted to greet you in Nikkei Week as you celebrate and remember a number of important an- niversaries. First, we join in this gala welcome for the Reverend Paul Nagano of Los Angeles on this 125th anniversary of the arrival of grandfather, Manzo Nagano in British Columbia. Young Manzo Nagano set sail on a foreign ship, landing in New Westminster in 1877, just five years after B. C. had joined Confederation. He fished on the Fraser for a few years then returned to Japan, only to journey back a second time, locating in Victoria, where he became a man of property, owning a successful business on Government Street that prospered until destroyed by fire in 1922. The British Columbia of a Century ago was a hard and difficult place for almost everyone. With a whole vast array of humanity from all over the world seeking new lives, people were too busy surviving to be hostile to each other in those early days. They all wanted a bet- Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo addressing guests at ter life for their families and worked furiously toward the Nikkei 125 Celebration Dinner. (Roy Hamiguchi photo, that goal. Although it has turned out to be a long and 2002) tortuous route, I think we can safely say now, that the Contents better life they all sought has been more or less attained. Nikkei Week 125th Anniversary Dinner Address 1 We know British Columbia today as a thriving JCNM President’s Report 4 community of many peoples. I think we are in a moment UVic Conference 7 right now when a transition from our pioneer ethic to a Early Japanese Canadian Community in Tofino 7 global one is in full swing. The land we share has AL- A “Nagaya” in Vancouver 10 WAYS been home to a surprising variety of human dif- 50th Anniversary of the Steveston Judo Club 11 ferences. Contrary to our customary assumptions on the A Perfect Gift for the Holidays at the Museum Shop 12 matter, this province is NOT 200 years old, but is an- Roy Miki Wins 2002 Governor General’s Award 12 cient beyond belief. How Long Was Amerika’s Five Years 13 Memories of East Lillooet 14

1 by the First Peoples. The human fam- fishing industry and convinced it was ily that evolved here had lived in en- a world that would always exist! The Announcements closed valleys, along the many hos- Cannery was structured on the Colo- pitable Riverbanks and in protected nial model with a carefully segre- JCNM & NNHC Mochitsuki pockets and coves on the rugged gated strata of white bosses, blue National Nikkei Heritage Centre Coast. A densely forested land bor- collar whites, Japanese men who Kingsway and Sperling Ave., Bby. Dec. 29, 2002, 12:00 to 4:00 p.m. dered by a wild and unpredictable fished and Japanese women who mochi, manju and lunches for sale Ocean kept most people from know- were prized hand-canners, and Chi- ing each other. There was little need nese and Aboriginal workers. We all Shinnenkai to communicate because the land and lived in careful demarcation from Japanese Canadian Community waters so abundantly supplied their each other, our tiny temporary houses New Year’s Celebration needs for food, shelter and clothing. were calibrated to demonstrate our National Nikkei Heritage Centre, Jan. 18, 2003, 5:00 - 8:30 p.m. Over the centuries numerous 1st Na- status, and each located in a separate $30 adults, $20 children, tions and Aboriginal Peoples devel- enclave. We shopped at the Company includes buffet dinner. oped a host of different languages, store, using Company Coupons or cultures, traditions and beliefs that ‘Scrip’ instead of money adding to a were sustained until the terrible new total purchase that was deducted diseases began to take their appall- from our annual wage at the end of ing toll. By 1862, the population was the Fishing Season. My first friends on the way to being a tiny fraction of were Japanese and Aboriginal, we what it had once been, and the great went to school together and we diversity of cultures with all their worked together but at the Cannery Nikkei Images is published by songs, dances, languages and arts we were discouraged from playing the Japanese Canadian nearly died too. together, although we always found National Museum To those Aboriginal People ways to do so. (I began work in the who remained, a very cosmopolitan cannery at age 10 for 42 cents an hour Editorial Board: mix of settlers were added, includ- and suspect that some of you might Stanley Fukawa, Grace Hama, ing German, Portuguese, Scots, En- have too.) Frank Kamiya, Mitsuo Yesaki, glish, Hawaiian, Chinese and even U. Following the bombing of Carl Yokota S. citizens and starting with Mr. Pearl Harbour and the US entry into Manzo Nagano: the Japanese. In the World War 11, the internment of Ca- earliest days there seems to have been nadian Citizens of Japanese Heritage Subscription to Nikkei Images little evidence of antagonisms be- to the Camps began in the spring of is free with your yearly tween them all and a special ‘Rain 1942 when I was nine. The Navy and subscription to JCNM: Family $25 Language’ called Chinook was de- the RCMP arrived at the little Can- Individual $20 veloped to communicate across the nery in the early Spring with instruc- Senior/Student $15 complexity of languages of the time. tions that were followed to the letter. Senior Couple $20 In those earliest days there were The resulting upheaval was forever Non-profit Association $50 many examples of cooperation and coupled in my mind with the coinci- Corporate $100 good fellowship across racial and dental removal of Aboriginal chil- $1 per copy for non-members ethnic lines, but as the numbers of dren from their homes to Residential new citizens increased, the face of Schools. These two events have in- racism was unmasked and visible fluenced my personal philosophy and JAPANESE CANADIAN minorities began to be excluded from actions ever since! NATIONAL MUSEUM 6688 Southoaks Crescent, the good life they sought. I witnessed the great flotil- Burnaby, B.C., V5E 4M7 One of those exclusions con- las of Japanese owned Fishing Boats, Canada tinues to trouble our society through lashed together and towed down the tel: (604) 777-8000 succeeding generations. My father river to disposal points, where they fax: (604) 777-7001 worked for Anglo-BC Packing Com- were purchased at cut-rates by non- [email protected] pany at North Pacific Cannery on the Japanese Fishers so that their own- www.jcnm.ca Skeena River. So like some of you, I ers could pay for their incarceration! was a Skeena River kid, born into the I remember the great Custodial build- 2 ings packed to overflowing with con- country most had never seen or not Our National Conscience fiscated furnishings and precious being allowed to return to the Pacific demands that what happened to Ca- personal possessions of Japanese Coast until 1949. Not surprisingly nadian citizens of Japanese descent neighbours and friends, who were many never returned to this province. sixty years ago does not ever happen obliged to travel to the Camps with a Even when redress was finally won again. As we leave it to history, the minimum of hand-baggage. I remem- and an Apology accepted, none of us 20th Century is beginning to come ber standing on the dock and later have forgotten, and few have for- into focus; many of us believe it will beside the train tracks, watching my given ourselves for what occurred. be remembered as 100 years of blood childhood friends and their families There were many after-ef- and injustice. If this new 21st Cen- depart against their will, with tears fects of the internment: friendships tury is to be remembered for some- on both sides! Even now, Sixty years were ended, major employers were thing other than continued bloodlet- later there remains an unresolved lost, schools were closed. There were ting and darkness, it is up to every apprehension among many of us who some voices of defense and support, citizen to work toward global human witnessed the sad exodus. It was a a newspaper article of the time states rights and balancing the existing Glo- grand occasion this past May, when that Japanese Canadians are “cour- bal Economy with a just Social and I assisted the Mayne Islanders as they teous, civil, hospitable and of excel- Environmental ethic and rule of law, dedicated a splendid Japanese Gar- lent community spirit toward their that is capable of benefiting all den to the memory of the families fellow citizens”. Christmas letters people, not merely we privileged who had been interned, and then from internees to their neighbours Westerners whose good fortune con- linked it to all the other Island resi- often contained maps to hidden trasts starkly with a world of people dents from now on. caches of sake and other elements of in need. When the forced departures good cheer. What can we do with what took place, hysteria was everywhere, Scars remained for genera- we have learned from the internment there were stories of Japanese Army tions, but you have continued to be of Japanese Canadian Citizens? We Colonels acting as “Spies” among us the loyal Canadians, some even can work right now to assure that and the coastal Union Steamships joined the Canadian Armed Forces Canadians of the Islamic Faith are were told to maintain blackouts so and fought for a Canada that would protected from the kinds of injustice that “Japanese Submarines” would not even let them vote. Though now that took place six decades ago. We not torpedo them. When word came it is acknowledged that you were can reach out to them right now to that Japanese bombers had struck loyal, even when unjustly taken from secure their place in Canada as loyal Dutch Harbour, Alaska, we all moved your homes and penalized, you have Canadians. We can study and learn to the mountains for a day. In such continued to enrich the society that that Islam is NOT synonymous with an atmosphere humiliation of the ‘en- you share and your many strengths terrorism and we can work to assure emy’, injustice and hate were fre- add positively to this multifaceted that our fellow citizens appreciate quently displayed and as with all such culture that are all still ‘weaving to- that loyal Moslem Canadians DO dark emotions a terrible price was gether’ in this precious place. I think NOT represent a threat to our Nation! paid, in lives blighted, hopes dashed of the writings of Ann Sunahara, of A few days ago, we experi- and opportunities denied. Canadian Joy Kogawa, of Ken Adachi. I am enced a re-telling of last year’s ter- Citizens of German and Italian de- reminded of the wisdom of that mag- ror attack. We now know that the scent were not removed to camps our nificent civil servant, former Deputy United States and our major Cana- Prime Minister McKenzie King said Minister of Finance for Canada, dian population centers were pro- at the time so he could see no reason Tommy Shoyama. B. C. has ben- tected by a decision that directed to treat Citizens of Japanese descent efited greatly from the ideas and hundreds of possibly terrorist passen- any differently, but British work of so many people of Japanese ger Air Planes to Airports in our out- Columbians changed his mind. ancestry; people like T. Buck Suzuki lying areas. The peoples of Yukon, Canada treated its Citizens of Japa- and of course the remarkable Dr. the Maritimes and Newfoundland nese heritage worse than the U. S. David Suzuki, too. We have all accepted their role and rather than did: families were separated, intern- learned to enjoy the best of Japanese protesting the threat to themselves, ees were forced to pay the costs of culture in everything from fine food gave hospitality and kindness in re- their shabby incarceration and fol- to those distinctive traditional Japa- turn. In thanks, a Texan expressed his lowing the War, they were given a nese gifts of reserve, minimalism, gratitude on television by saying, choice of either returning to Japan, a aestheticism and respect. Continued on page 4 3 “You still have something in Canada generations who follow us! As the learned much together. The that we have lost in the U. S.” great founder of Aikido, Morihei experience of the Nikkei in Canada That elusive quality of hu- Ueshiba taught us: ‘The divine is not has helped us all to better understand manity and ‘generosity of spirit’ that something high above us. It is in a fundamental 21st Century truth, many Canadians still have is our se- heaven, it is in earth, it is inside us.’ that is: if the human family is to cret weapon and one of our greatest As your Lieutenant Governor, I am, survive and our civilization be national treasures. We can keep faith like you, very proud of our beautiful sustained: we must honour ALL the with those who gave us our birthright, British Columbia, but I am keenly world’s descendants with the same if we assure that the curse of history aware that its most important beauty respect that we once reserved only forgotten is NEVER visited on those rests in hearts of its people! We have to our own ancestors! a Japanese Canadian National Museum President’s Report, 2001-2002 by Stan Fukawa Museum’s Purpose great deal of sense to merge with an by many Nikkei. The families of (Mission): “to promote a better organization with the same purposes Manzo Nagano and Tomekichi understanding and appreciation by all in its Constitution, a shared belief in Homma came from far and wide and Canadians of Japanese Canadian the mutual benefits of a merger, and their participation in the speeches and culture” and “to promote an an impressive record in fundraising. historical session, and attendance at awareness of the contributions of It is not only in the for-profit world many events throughout the week, Japanese Canadians to Canadian that rationalization holds promise. brought a sense of history. society.” – the Constitution of the Our communications with our mem- Onsite events at Nikkei JCNM. bers on this critical decision resulted Place included the opening of Nikkei The Museum, in the 2001- in an impressive participation rate Home (Sept. 13), the Gala Dinner 2002 Year, has had a challenging and the approval of the merger deci- (Sept. 14), Family Histories and year. Boards of directors, over the sion by a remarkable 95.1% of the Harry Aoki’s Last Powell St. Concert years, have tried to build and votes. (Sept. 17), the Nagano – Homma maintain a cooperative and mutually Evening (Sept. 18), the Internment respectful team including staff, Nikkei Week 125: Reunion Dinner (Sept. 19), a Taiko volunteers, members, donors, users The JCNM Board took a Concert (Sept. 20), and the Nikkei and the Board. A capable and major leadership role with the Festival (Sept. 21-22). Off-site dedicated team can, with the aid of NNHCS, in a 5-group co-sponsorship events were “Obaachan’s Garden” in supporters and friends, endure the of a major historical Japanese downtown Vancouver (Sept. 16), the ups and downs that inevitably visit Canadian event, Nikkei Week 125, re-naming of the New World Hotel all organizations and accomplish which celebrated 125 years of on Powell St. as Tamura House in important goals. The Japanese settlement in Canada. honour of the pre-war Nikkei banker accomplishments of the past year Audiences inside and outside of the (Sept. 18) and the Japanese bear convincing testimony to the Japanese Canadian community – Fishermen’s Memorial unveiling in strength of an organization, even in 5000 of them, attended the events Steveston (Sept. 20). the face of difficulties. during the nine days and many more heard about it and read about it in the Exhibitions: The Merger: media. The CBC had daily notices We had three exhibitions The Board has negotiated a and interviews and lengthy articles during the past year. The very merger with the National Nikkei appeared in the Japanese language professional inaugural exhibit, Heritage Centre Society (NNHCS) press and community newspapers. “Reshaping memory…” focusing on which will maintain the name of the The Lieut. Governor, the internment, opened in September, Japanese Canadian National Mu- Honourable Iona Campagnolo, in her 2000. It was created by our second seum, and the basis of a national sympathetic speeches at the opening Executive Director, Grace Thomson, museum in the scope of its work. In dinner and at the unveiling of the who was very successful in a period when funding is a problem Japanese Fishermen’s Memorial fundraising for it. She was aided in and the number of competing Nikkei sculpture, gave an official the exhibit by the Museum organizations is large, it makes a recognition of the injustices suffered Collections Curator Susan Sirovyak,

4 Vancouver museum designer David delivered in September, the Jitaro and conference. A museum panel mainly Jensen, and the Miki/Kobayashi Sumiko Tanaka Collection of dealing with oral history, included book, “Justice in Our Time.” As an archival materials including a type- two Board members (Dr. Paul Kariya educational resource for visiting written diary of the war years, and Stan Fukawa), a former classes, the exhibit was teamed with scrapbooks of newspaper clippings employee (Reiko Tagami) and a an NFB video, a social studies and reports written by Mr. Tanaka on museum volunteer (Mary Kitagawa). workbook created by teachers, and a significant items like the Mass Museum staff, Daien Ide and Kenji session with internment camp Evacuation Group and the hearing on Morishita were at the Museum table survivors. The importance of living Morii’s purported gangsterism and to explain our work to Conference people in museum offerings was links to the Black Dragon Society. participants, and Kenji, a university attested to by the highest ratings Mr. Tanaka was advisor to and student hired on a summer being awarded by social studies’ representative of the Spanish Consul government subsidy showed his teachers to the survivors’ talk over who was responsible for protecting excellent Power Point presentation of the other parts of the program. In the human rights of Japanese aliens. photographs from the Museum November, 2001, the inaugural He was also, in 1926, a member of collections. Reports were also exhibit was sent on a 2002 tour of the Asahi baseball team (which were presented by Grace Thomson and Jim Nanaimo, Port Alberni and Campbell the Terminal League champions) Wolf from the JCNM involvement River. The year 2003 will see it going together with two brothers and four with the UVic Art Dept. in a two-year east to the Prairies and Ontario. brothers-in-law. project on pre-war Japanese The second exhibition was a Canadian photographers. return visit of “Unearthed from the Work with Nikkei Organizations: Social studies teachers in the Silence” about the pre-war Steveston We have been assisting the public school system are keenly Japanese Canadian community and Japanese Fishermen’s Reunion interested in the Museum, especially is a collaborative production with the Committee in honouring and in the context of the internment. Richmond Museum. JCNM staff, preserving the history of the Japanese Exhibit-centred programs, traveling including the first Executive fishers who have contributed so suitcase programs, internment Director, Michael Wilson, played a much to this key B.C. industry. Our survivors as speakers have been and key role in creating this exhibit which aid has been in financial management will continue to be requested. was shown earlier at our East and the preparation of the photo Broadway location. exhibit. Newsletter and Web-site: The third exhibition was Dr. The Museum annually The Museum’s newsletter, Henry Shimizu’s very fine “Images supports the Powell St. Festival in “Nikkei Images,” has had a banner of Internment” consisting mainly of August, including pre-selling raffle year with issues running more pages his paintings of life in the New tickets. This year we had two booths: and stories than ever before in its Denver internment community. It one in the Buddhist Church selling history. The most recent issue arrived August 20 and stayed in the books, videos and a map of the pre- covered subjects as diverse as the Museum gallery until Sept. 19. It war Powell Street Japanese history of Kendo in Canada, Japanese missed the last three days of Nikkei community, and the other in the Canadian contributions to fishing Week due to a prior commitment and Nikkei Place tent, explaining our technology, memories of the thereby lost an opportunity to be seen work. The Museum’s Powell Street internment years, the memorial to the by thousands of visitors to the Nikkei Walking Tour was a hit as always. vanished Terminal Island Japanese Week festival on Sept. 21-22. Both Board and staff have been American fishing community, involved in this work with Nikkei tributes to Tommy Shoyama, Toyo Collections: organizations. Takata and Tsuneharu Gonnami, and Over the past year, our a ceremony dedicating a Japanese collection has been enriched by the Work with educational institutions: garden on Mayne Island. The addition of bound copies of the New In late August, the JCNM Museum website, www.jcnm.ca, has Canadian, a gift from Thomas was recognized by the organizers of been in operation for the past two Shoyama and the estate of Mrs. the University of Victoria conference years and its potential is enormous. Chiyo Umezuki (late widow of long- “Changing Japanese Identity in a Both these important arms of the time publisher Takaichi Umezuki). Multicultural Canada” as a major Museum are the work of volunteers. Another significant gift was supporter and participant in that Continued on page 6 5 Assistance to Researchers, staff and corps of volunteers has had The Museum in Japan: Continuation of Translation of to struggle against ever-changing An international project Archival Materials by Volunteers, challenges but all of them have been initiated by the JCNM in celebration Board Planning Session, Museum very committed to the Museum, and of the 125th anniversary of our Volunteers and NNHCS Volunteers have maintained their loyalty and Japanese Canadian heritage is to Begin Working Together & Getting dedication. Small staff size has been introduce, to Japan, the film, Acquainted. a constant part of the Museum, “Obaachan’s Garden” by Linda requiring staff to be flexible and Ohama. Tama Copithorne, the Our Search for a Manager/Curator: resourceful, while offering a varied Museum Board Programs co-chair The second Executive work schedule and experience in has been working tirelessly – to Director in the Museum’s history, different aspects of the enterprise. create the subtitles in Japanese, and Grace Thomson, submitted her The past year required staff to work in negotiations with Linda, the NFB, resignation in January, 2002. The with minimal supervision but this has the Canadian Dept. Of Foreign Board regretfully accepted it and been true of most of the Museum’s Affairs and International Trade, hired her, on contract, to complete the history. Volunteers, the backbone of Toyota Canada, Canadian Embassy projects that she had begun. This the Museum from its days as a sub- in Japan, the Japanese Prime contract ended May 31, at the end of committee in the JCCA, have Minister’s Office, Canada-Japan our fiscal year. Her dedication, work continued to support us in office Friendship Societies, Asahi Shimbun ethic and expertise contributed to the work, research and translation, and many host organizations in development of the Museum. fundraising activities and Japan, to obtain the support required A search for the third Execu- professional services. The Board of to show the film in Japan. Linda, her tive Director was advertised in June Directors, also volunteers, have been daughter Caitlin and Tama will be and the process did not run its course required to spend a lot of time this taking the film on a tour of Japan to due to the change from a Part-Time year on particularly difficult issues. 15 venues from Hokkaido to position, reporting to the Museum They have been very principled, Kagoshima during the month of Board, to a Full-Time position, re- patient and caring in the exercise of November. porting to the CEO, Nikkei Place. their duties. Thank you all. In April of this year, I made This change was necessitated be- The success of the museum a pilgrimage to Manzo Nagano’s last cause of the impending merger and to date has been dependent on the resting place in Kuchinotsu village, the rationalization of roles. The new commitment of many people who Nagasaki prefecture Japan. I position will be called Manager/ Cu- have been motivated by an received a very enthusiastic reception rator. The advertising is on the understanding of the importance of from the Mayor of Kuchinotsu and internet and will be carried in the history and of the JCNM as a history- the Governor of Nagasaki. The November issues of the Greater preserving institution. The impact of Mayor fell ill in the summer and was Vancouver JCCA Bulletin and the such events as Nikkei Week 125 and unable to attend the Nikkei Week 125 Nikkei Voice. other parts of the museum program celebration. Relationships were will broaden the circle of those who begun with the Canada Museum in Appreciation and Looking Ahead: understand both. This bodes well for Wakayama-ken (which has material This is my last opportunity the future of the Museum and of the on the immigrants to Canada from to speak as President of the Japanese union with the NNHCS. Our merged Mio village) and with the Kuchinotsu Canadian National Museum before society will assist in both the Museum. Japanese scholars in it becomes merged with the National development of a stronger Japanese immigrant studies can help us greatly. Nikkei Heritage Centre Society. I Canadian community and a stronger would like to thank everyone who has multicultural Canada through its Other Accomplishments: been associated with the Museum continued pursuit of the Fundraising, Meeting from its inception. Each Board and organization’s mission. a National Advisors, Mochitsuki, JCNM & NNHC Mochitsuki National Nikkei Heritage Centre, Kingsway and Sperling Ave., Bby. Dec. 29, 2002, 12:00 to 4:00 p.m. mochi, manju and lunches for sale 6 UVic Conference “Changing Japanese Identities in Multicultural Canada” by Stan Fukawa The Centre for Asia-Pacific A sophisticated and personal The sessions themselves Initiatives at the University of keynote address by Roy Miki of the were immensely varied, covering Victoria sponsored the above-named Simon Fraser University English everything from history, religion, art, conference from Aug. 22 to Aug. 24, Department followed, setting a seri- language and literature relating to 2002 on their campus. Organizers of ous and critical tone to the Confer- Nikkei, to concerns for cultural and the event, Midge Ayukawa, Joseph ence, perhaps appropriate to the sub- linguistic retention, multiculturalism Kess, and Hiroko Noro, were very ject matter of an ethnic group which in Japan, negotiating and discover- pleased with the outcome. It was well had been transformed, as he said, ing identity, women’s identity, youth attended with over 200 delegates from “enemy alien” to “model minor- and aging. They ranged from simple from across Canada, the U.S. and ity” within a few decades. In intro- oral histories to complex-sounding many from Japan – with representa- ducing Roy Miki, Midge Ayukawa political analyses. tives of both academic and commu- paid tribute to the importance of his Nikkei make up less than a nity groups well represented. tightly-honed linguistic skills in the quarter of one per cent of the popu- In his introduction, Joseph choice of words in the struggle for lation of Canada. And yet this con- Kess said, “Since the 1970’s Canada Japanese Canadian Redress. ference spoke to a much larger is- has chosen to incorporate the concept It was wonderful to meet and sue—that of the immense struggle of of multiculturalism as a defining converse with “Tommy” Shoyama at minorities (including women) against criterion of itself as a diverse and the Conference and the Conference the overwhelming power of the ma- tolerant society, and Japanese- dinner. His smile is still a winning jority which defines reality for the Canadians have probably had more one and his mind is clear. Midge whole society and often sets the pri- to do with our realizing the values of Ayukawa paid a well-deserved trib- orities—not surprisingly—in a self- multi-culturalism than any other ute to him at the dinner as our “Liv- serving way, without realizing how group in this society. Though ing National Treasure.” self-serving and unjust it is. numerically small, their accomplish- Another highlight was the The Japanese Canadian Na- ments as an ethnic group are after-dinner speech by the multi-tal- tional Museum was represented by astonishing, and so we thought it was ented Terry Watada, who showed up staffers Daien Ide and Kenji appropriate at this historic point to as a stand-up comic and regaled us Morishita who manned the Museum celebrate this in a conference that with self-deprecating stories about table and showed the photo display paid attention to their experiences in his adventures with Asian gangsters created by Kenji, and Panelists Paul Canada, as well as the changes they who interpreted his failure to win Kariya, Mary Kitagawa, Reiko have felt in their own perceptions of fame in the white media as an honor- Tagami and panel moderator Stan Canada and Canadian society.” able refusal to sell out. Fukawa. a Early Japanese Canadian Community in Tofino by Midge Ayukawa with Edward Arnet It all began in February, 2001 whose grandparents had been pioneer most rewarding cooperative venture with a phone call from Mary Kimoto Norwegians in the Tofino area had in gathering a historical record of the of Ucluelet saying she had been the usu and he lived in the Victoria Japanese families that had lived in asked by Frank Kamiya of the JCNM area. the Tofino area since about 1917. about a stone usu that Mrs. Okada It was not until early June, A number of Japanese had used in Clayoquot Island to make however, when a glance in the families had rented property and kamaboko. (Nikkei Images, Winter Victoria phone book and a phone call houses on land owned by Ed’s 2001, Vol.6, No.4). Mary had the usu led to an invitation to the Arnet home maternal grandfather, John Eik. By in her back yard but she had promised in North Saanich, north of Victoria. coincidence, it was on the very land it to the planned Ucluelet museum. Ed and his wife Dorothy showed me adjacent to the “Eik Tree”, an 800 She said that there was, however, the Nishimura usu placed close to year-old cedar tree which was getting another usu which the Nishimura their front door, filled with colourful extensive coverage in the media at family had left behind in Tofino in flowers. (See photo of Ed Arnet with the time that I was meeting with the 1942. According to Mary, Ed Arnet, the usu.) What followed has been a Continued on page 8 7 named others such as Dabu (Tabe?), Hamanaka, and Sakaguchi who lived at West Marina near Eik Bay (#2). There were also other small pockets of Japanese in the Tofino area. In Storm Bay (#3) lived Morishita, Izumi, Mori, Nakagawa, Madokoro, and Kondo. The 1941 Tairiku listed others such as Ezaki, Katsuro, and in nearby Clayoquot (#4 Stubbs Island), Igarashi, Karatsu, Katsuro, Kimoto, and Okada families. The Nakai family lived near Grice Point (#5) at site #6. Mr. Nakai worked at the fish- buying station nearby while his wife taught at the Japanese School (#7). Ed painstakingly drew a detailed sketch, reproduced here, of the Eik property where some of the Japanese had lived. (See sketch). The previously mentioned 800 year-old tree, and the various homes and outbuildings are clearly shown. The Japanese built a dam about 16 feet wide and 4 feet deep across the stream to catch water. They then buried a two and a half inch water pipe behind the houses, which had branches to provide each home with fresh pure water throughout the year. There were also taps for the vegetable gardens and the 12 by 14 feet greenhouse. There was also a communal Japanese bathhouse and tall poles on the property from which salted salmon were hung out to dry. (See the legend). The usu that had led to our meeting had been used by Mrs. Nishimura. (There is a Nishimura Chonosuke from Wakayama-ken in the Tairiku Nipposha list, September, 1941, and in the December 1942 record of people in Bay Farm, he is listed with wife Chiyo and Edward Arnet with the Nishimura usu used as a flower pot family.) Mr. Nishimura had asked Ed’s father’s friend, holder. (Midge Ayukawa photo, 2002) Ralph Trelvik, a blacksmith/mechanic who serviced Arnets. The tree was slated to be cut down to make way Japanese fishing boats to rig up the mechanism in the for town-houses which were to be built on stilts to summer of 1940. A car engine turned a belt-drive, which preserve the Indian midden below. (The Victoria Times- in turn drove the hammer that pounded up and down and Colonist, November 21, 2001.) After a spirited protest mashed the fish. The machine was in a workshop adjacent which included a man who climbed the tree and refused to the house that the Nishimura family rented from John to come down, a moratorium was reached when it was Eik. agreed that money would be raised by the Tofino Natural The kamaboko was made from fresh cod, and Heritage Society to build a support structure for the tree. then canned. Ed believed that the Nishimuras had hoped One of the arguments for the tree’s removal had been a to export it but the bombing of Pearl Harbour and the “liability issue” due to its frailty. subsequent expulsion had prevented the fruition of the In the following months, after our initial meeting, enterprise. When the Nishimuras were sent to Hastings Ed, Dorothy, and Ed’s cousin Marjorie Sallaway (nee Park, they left behind in the shed fifteen to twenty cases Sloman) who had kept in touch with a number of Japanese each of which contained 48 cans. Ed said that in 1946 Canadians, provided me with photos, correspondence when he and his father checked the cans, the ends were with Japanese Canadian friends, and their grandfather bulging, and the contents were a pale yellow. They opened Eik’s account books. According to records that John Eik the cans, poked holes, and dumped them off-shore. meticulously kept of his property (settlement #1 on the In the spring of 1942, the Japanese had left their map, drawn by Tim de Lange Boom), some of the families fishing gear, household items, and many cords of that rented houses from him were Sakauye, Yoshida, firewood. Ed provided me with correspondence from Watanabe, Tosa, Kawaguchi, and Nishimura. Ed also the office of the Custodian in the Department of the 8 Secretary of State, listing all the articles which had been declared by the Japanese Canadians. The Custodian asked John Eik to confirm the information. Later in the winter of 1944/45 Mr. Eik was asked to sell everything and forward the money. (Copies of these letters are now at the JCNM.) Dorothy and Ed Arnet have industriously and enthusiastically gathered together and reproduced a number of photographs of the area, class photos, and Scout troops. These are also deposited in the JCNM as a record and resource for researchers of the Japanese community in the Tofino area pre-1942. Included in the collection is an eulogy delivered by Edward Arnet at the funeral of Tom Kimoto in April 6, 1985, in Ucluelet. Although we seem to dwell on the past injustices and the discriminatory attitudes and practices of the mainstream BC populace, it Map of the Tofino area and the location of Japanese settlements. (Tim de Lange was most pleasant to learn that in the Boom drawing, 2002) Tofino area there were families like

Continued on page 10

Schematic drawing by Edward Arnet showing the Japanese settlement on John Eik’s property. 1.Eik Street cedar 2.Fresh water storage area 3.Stairs to Eik house 4.Tofino village road 5.Yoshi Kawaguchi home 5a.Wood storage and work area 6.Boardwalk to fishing boat moorage 7.Fresh water stream 8.Vegetable garden 9.Greenhouse 10.Wood storage shed, also used to dry seaweed 11.25/30-feet poles to sun-dry fish 12.Watanabe home 13.Yoshida home 14.Sakauye home 15.Takeo Sakauye home, second son 16.Takeo Tosa home, bachelor 17.Nishimura home 18.Kamaboko shed 19.Shed for storing fishing gear 20. Stairway to school and Tofino village

9 the Jacob Arnets and John Eiks who became a Lone Eagle Scout by Tofino. Ed said he replied, but did were friendly neighbours and correspondence, and later led not hear from him again. Hiero had mentors. There is a photo of the Boy Japanese Canadian Scout troops in been “repatriated” it appears, Scouts in which Japanese boys were Chemainus and Tashme. according to a passage in Frank active members. This contrasts Ed showed me a photo he Moritsugu’s “Teaching in Canadian starkly with the highly-publicized had received from his friend, Hiero Exile”, p. 351. Perhaps Hiero may story of Chemainus, Vancouver Izumi, sent from Hastings Park in read this and will contact Ed. It will Island, in which the late Shig Yoshida 1942. It had been enclosed in a letter be a most rewarding climax to this was not accepted in the local troop, in which he wrote that he missed whole cooperative endeavour. a A Nagaya in Vancouver by Kiyoshi Shimizu From 1924 until 1933 when I can only provide details I was four to thirteen years of age, about our nagaya, but I assume that my family lived in a nagaya (literal the facilities were very similar, with translation - longhouse) at 1934 Tri- some minor differences. On the umph Street between Victoria Drive ground floor where our family lived and Semlin Drive, one block south there was a central corridor with four of Powell Street in the Heaps large rooms on the west side and a neighbourhood. Within four blocks more open space at the back where a of our building, there were three other sink, two toilets, and an alcove where nagaya built by Japanese entrepre- a kitchen stove and counter were lo- neurs to provide inexpensive hous- cated. On the east side were five ing for newly arrived immigrants. For rooms. Each room had a door into the many families who lived there, these corridor, and some of the rooms had nagaya provided the kind of support interior doors connecting the rooms. for young families that housing co- The two families living on the ground ops try to generate for their members. floor rented three rooms each, using My family had moved there one room as a kitchen/eating area, from a logging camp in a remote for- and in the case of our family, one ested area of the Lower Mainland so room as a bed-sitting room with a my older sister who had just passed wall bed that folded up during the her sixth birthday, could attend day, for our parents, and the third school. Shortly after she started room with an adjoining door, as a Koyuki Yesaki and Oine Madakoro by school, one of our twin baby broth- bedroom for the three children. Three Matsumoto nagaya on Fourth Avenue. ers died. Our father went back to log- rooms at the back were occupied by (Yesaki Family photo, ca. 1935) ging leaving his family behind, but single men who cooked on hot plates installed in the front unit, and all the that winter after our move, he crushed in their own rooms, except for the residents in the nagaya shared in the his left leg in an accident, and spent man occupying the rear room. He was cost. A furo (hot tub) was available the next nine years in and out of the able to use the stove in the alcove at in the basement and was maintained Vancouver General Hospital. Those the back. On the second floor four cooperatively. Water from the furo years must have been extremely dif- families occupied the nine rooms. In was used the following day for laun- ficult for our parents, but I remem- the back there was a more spacious dry by some of the families, but I can ber them as relatively stable and care- area without an alcove and a veranda, recall that our mother did her wash- free years as we had other mothers where the smallest children played ing in the kitchen with water heated keeping an eye on us whenever our close to their mothers. on top of the stove. mother had to be at the hospital or The facilities were pretty In our nagaya there was a somewhere else. My sister and I were basic. We carried water from the sink fairly stable population of six fami- the oldest among the children, and to our kitchen, and heated water for lies during the nine years we were we passed many happy and produc- dishwashing on the stove, using the there. When a vacancy occurred, an- tive weekends and summers, playing kitchen table to do that chore. We other family moved in soon after. “school” and organizing games, took turns cleaning the toilets, sink Two of the single rooms were occu- while minding the younger ones. area and corridor. A telephone was pied by the same man. In the third

10 single room, students from Japan through these properties to a brook mothers received support from each seemed to come and go. running on the east side of the sec- other. I am sure there were tensions My parents were innovators, ond property. A tanomoshi was or- between families but somehow they and my recollection is that they pro- ganized by the group to provide a seemed to be overcome. vided some leadership to the nagaya lump sum of money to assist one of In 1934 the nagaya at 1934 community. For instance our logger the families in an emergency, and this Triumph Street was taken over by Mr. father supervised the clearing of land way of helping each other was re- and Mrs. Aoki who came from on the west side of the building so vived from time to time. New Year’s Cumberland to establish “Meiwa that all the families could grow their was a special time in the nagaya with Gakuen” in the building. I attended own vegetables. The east side was mochitsuki an annual event, and a classes there to complete my 7th and marshy, and after negotiations with great deal of visiting among families 8th years of Japanese schooling from two neighbouring families, a drain- and their friends. Fathers were often 1934 to 1936. a age ditch was constructed by the men absent for months at a time, but the Proposed Project for the 50th Anniversary of the Steveston Judo Club by Alan Sakai The Steveston Judo Club in how the club has become a We also plan to have a re- its current form is celebrating its 50th multicultural organization, which has union of all current and former mem- anniversary year in 2003 and we plan members of diverse ethnic origins. To bers and friends of the club. In con- to use the year to heighten awareness relate this story we have planned the junction with this event we would of the benefits of studying judo. We following events. like to restore an original calligraphy also, would like to bring to light the Firstly, we would like to written by Professor Kano, which contributions the Japanese Canadian highlight the accomplishments and was done in 1938. Professor Kano seniors and other judo club members the contributions the Judo Club mem- was on his way back to Japan from have made to the Richmond commu- bers have made to the community. an International Olympic Committee nity by teaching judo and by partici- We plan to host an open house for meeting in Cairo, Egypt. He visited pating in such joint projects as the the community at large where we will Vancouver and wrote two large construction and enhancement of the be recognizing the original sensei of calligraphies on canvas for the Steveston Community Centre and the the club with special plaques to be Vancouver Judo Club and the Steveston Martial Arts Centre. We hung in the Martial Arts Centre and Steveston Judo Club. On his way would like to retell the story of the to review the history of the club with back to Japan on the HIKAWA way in which the Japanese Canadian a photo gallery. Only three of the MARU, Professor Kano passed citizens conducted themselves after original 10 sensei are still with us at away. During the war years Mr. T. the war and internment to fully par- this time. This will be done in Feb- Doi kept this writing and when the ticipate in the Canadian society. ruary at our annual senior tourna- Club was restarted in 1953 he Moreover, we would like to show ment. brought it out to be displayed. It cur- rently hangs in our Judo Club. It has some water spots and other damage and needs to be restored. We would like to restore this print and rededi- cate it and our commitment to con- tinuing the study and teaching of Judo at the reunion. The third major project we have is to make a video history of the Steveston Judo Club from 1927 to the present. This would cover not only the history of the Club, but will also highlight the contributions Japanese Canadians have made to the Steveston Martial Arts Centre. (Steveston Judo Club photo, 1972) Continued on page 12 11 multicultural society of Canada. We cluding Ken Kuramoto of Coyote agencies to assist with the funding feel that the history of the Japanese Films Ltd. The cost would depend on of this project. This would be pre- Canadian people in Canada needs to the quality and length of the video. sented at a number of venues but spe- be preserved for this and future gen- We would like to produce one that cifically at the final year-end banquet erations. We have consulted with would be of television broadcast celebrating the end of the 50th year various agencies and companies, in- quality. We will be approaching other anniversary. a A Perfect Gift For The Holidays at the Museum Shop by Grace Thomson Re-shaping Memory, Owning History: Through the Lens of Japanese Canadian Redress, by the Japanese Canadian National Museum, 84 pages, $15.00 The catalogue documents the inaugural exhibition through reproductions of photographic images from both public and private collections which participated in the exhibition, including those from the Japanese Canadian National Museum’s own archives. Essays, by Midge Ayukawa, Roy Miki, and Yuko Shibata, provide significant insights into the exhibition’s thesis. The exhibition is about a history in the making since the achievement of redress on September 22, 1988. It discusses the circumstances and con- ditions of the internment of Japanese Canadians during World War II. Installation photos and various quotes/voices from history are integrated with the text.The catalogue is in English, with essays Cover of the catalogue of the inaugural exhibition. translated into French and Japanese. a Roy Miki Wins 2002 Governor General’s Award for Poetry Roy Miki has won the 2002 ernor General of Canada, presented The Governor General also presented Governor General’s Award for Poetry the awards at a ceremony at Rideau certificates to the publishers of the for his book, SURRENDER. This Hall on Tuesday, November 19, at 4 winning books, and The Canada book is published by The Mercury p.m. Each laureate received a cheque Council provided each publisher with Press and distributed by Fraser Direct for $15,000 and a specially crafted a $3,000 grant to support promotional (ISBN 1-55128-095-7). copy of the winning book bound by activities for the winning book. a Adrienne Clarkson, Gov- master bookbinder, Pierre Ouvrard. Shinnenkai Japanese Canadian Community New Year’s Celebration National Nikkei Heritage Centre, January 18, 2003, 5:00 - 8:30 p.m. $30 for adults, $20 for children, includes buffet dinner

12 How Long Was Amerika’s Five Years by Larry Maekawa When I was studying in Ja- this is why I am enjoying a healthy years. This time it took him seventeen pan, I stayed with my grandparents. life now. years to come back! Amerika’s five Grandfather was a man of few words, Then came the tearful day to years seems so long.” but Grandmother was a chatty per- bid them farewell to them. I was “Grandma, I will do my best son. She used to tell me all the sto- leaving for Canada. Grandmother to send Mom and Dad home as soon ries that happened in the village. She was eighty and Grandfather was as possible,” I promised her and then was in her mid-seventies and was a eighty-four. They stood at the gate we parted. How they must have great cook, but to my disappointment with lonely looks on their faces. counted the fruitless days for their they were vegetarians. No one in the I bowed to them and said, loved ones to return. In those days village ate meat in those days. “I’ll be back in five years. Please take Japan seemed so far away from One day Grandmother asked care and keep well until then.” Canada. It took eight days for CPR me “Is it true that people in Amerika “My dear son,” said Empress ships to cross from eat cows and pigs, and did you eat Grandmother, with tears rolling Vancouver to Yokohama, and twelve them too?” down her cheeks, “Amerika’s five days for Japanese NYK Line Maru “Yes, I did, Grandma.” years is very long, you know. When ships. Mail took one month to reach “Oh, my dear!” she cried and your Dad first left for Amerika, he its destination. They had no long held her breath. was eighteen years old and told me distance telephone. How the Although they treated me the very same thing. I’ll be back in Japanese pioneers and their families like a prince, eating meat was strictly five years. It was ten years later when in Japan must have worried about forbidden. As I look back it is hard, he returned. He got married and went each other in those inconvenient to imagine that I spent my adolescent back to Amerika with your Mother. days. years without eating meat – perhaps Again he said, I’ll be back in five Upon returning from Japan, I mentioned to Mother and Father how patiently their parents were waiting for them. Father sighed and said, “I am well aware of my duty and responsibility to return home and to take care of my aging parents. But things do not always turn out, as I want. You are too young and inexperienced to be left alone here. I must stay with you for a few more years.” In the spring of 1939 Father retired from fishing and I took over his trolling license. Within a year, I became a fully qualified troller. Father was satisfied with my progress and started preparing to return to Japan. It was 1941 – five years after I parted with my Grandparents. I was delighted at being able to keep my promise to them. Unfortunately, the Pacific War in December 1941 put an end to our anticipations, and Grandmother’s long awaited golden dream of a family reunion was destined never to be fulfilled. And my Grandmother’s voice, “How long was Amerika’s five years,” still Larry Maekawa (left) and siblings before leaving for Japan. (Maekawa Family echoes in my ears. a photo, 1929) 13 2002 A.D. - 60th Anniversary of Internment Memories of East Lillooet by Larry Maekawa ordered by the government to leave immediately for the Alberta sugar beet farms. Their departure delayed the completion of the boat, leaving Asari to work ten to twelve hours a day. After the Japanese were evacuated from Sea Island, the Asari family was left in the midst of a ghost town. Besides being lonely, their anxieties and fears for the future were unbearable. Finally the boat was launched in early May, and named WHO CARES fishing herring in 1942. (Asari Family photo, 1942) “WHO CARES”. With the completion of the boat, the Asaris had to Canada was already at war separation. Young men started to pack in a hurry. They were only al- with Germany in 1941. However the disobey government orders, and the lowed to take the necessities. As they economy was booming and it was a R.C.M.P. were running into did not know if they would be sepa- good year for fishermen. Many Japa- difficulties in rounding up the men. rated, they packed a bag for each nese fishermen were placing orders At the time, there was a member of the family. In mid May, for new fishing boats. Sadajiro Asari chronic labour shortage in the they finally set off for East Lillooet was contracted to build a forty-foot Prairies. The government took via the ferry to Squamish, then the seiner for his Finnish friend, Ted advantage of this situation and started P.G.E. Railway to Lillooet. Upon Davidson, of Sointula near Alert Bay. sending Japanese families to the their arrival, they found 62 houses In the midst of the construction, the sugar beet farms. On the other hand, had already been built by the first Japanese navy suddenly attacked the government was also sponsoring evacuees, who had arrived in early Pearl Harbour. Immediately, all fish- self-supporting communities in the May, mainly from Vancouver, Haney ing vessels owned by Japanese Ca- interior of B.C. Sadajiro Asari chose and Ucluelet. nadians were impounded by the Ca- East Lillooet as his family’s East Lillooet was an unin- nadian Navy. All Japanese boat destination. But because of his habited piece of land on the east side builders closed their boat shops with contract to build Ted Davidson’s of the Fraser River, opposite the town unfinished boats. But Asari was boat, he and his family stayed behind. of Lillooet. To their surprise all they building a boat for a Caucasian fish- He hired two helpers to hasten the could see was a tract of land covered erman and was able to get permis- completion of the boat, but they were with sage bush. The houses were sion to complete the boat. The Asari Some of the tarpaper shacks of the self-supporting Japanese community of East Boat Works was on Sea Island, Lillooet. (Asari Family photo, ca. 1943) where over sixty Japanese families lived. It was a harmonious and lively community since early 1900. Meanwhile, mass evacuations of all persons of Japanese origin were being enforced by the Mounted Police. In the beginning they detained the evacuees from the coast in the livestock buildings at Hastings Park. From here, men of military age were forced to go and work on the road camps in Northern Ontario. Leaving their families behind in that horrible Hastings Park was a painful

14 roughly built with 2 by 4 stud frames and outside shells of clapboard, covered with tarpaper. The interiors of the houses were partitioned according to each families’ needs. There was no drinking water, so families had to haul water by buckets from the muddy Fraser. Drinking water is one of the most important necessities of life. Why did the government ever allow the evacuees to move to such a place where there was no drinking water? Asari and a few others noticed a flume built along the sage bush field. They as- sumed there must be a pump somewhere around, so they searched along the bank of the river until they found the pump. Asari with his experience repairing the engine in his packer Asaris operated the Mayhome Rooms as a bed and breakfast hostel after the war. (Asari Family photo, ca. 1947) boat, took the pump apart and had it working. The men then built a land and started growing tomatoes. fast business with this building which wooden reservoir tank, and filled it Fortunately, the sandy soil was ide- did well. He modified Mayhome’s with sand and gravel to filter the ally suited for tomatoes. With every- spacious living room into a doctor’s muddy water. At last people were one working together, they grew the office. As Lillooet was the entrance able to get clear water, but they still best tomatoes in the area. A packing- into the Caribou District, people trav- had to boil it before drinking. house and a cannery were built to eling to and from Vancouver, stopped Tne East Lillooet commu- process the production from the in this town. nity also did not have electricity. At flourishing tomato farms. The Japa- Asari was also involved in night, the only light available was nese farmers supplied tomatoes to the expansion of the town courthouse from kerosene lamps. these factories until the end of the and in building a new school. He After the community got war. worked with a contractor to convert pumped water from the river, the men They built a school and a another large private home into a hos- cleared a portion of the land and community center. Young adults with pital. Thus, the town of Lillooet was started farming to generate income. the most education were selected to thriving once again. Lillooet with its hot climate and rich teach the younger children. The Ca- As I look back on these cha- soil was ideal for growing vegetables. nadian government did not put in a otic evacuation days, the first recol- They dug cellars under their homes penny to assist in the education pro- lection that comes to mind is the suf- and learned how to preserve produce gram. fering and hardship experienced by from the experienced farmers of In 1947, Asari was hired by our elders. They were met with anti- Haney. Somehow they worked the Chinese owner to restore his de- Japanese fanatics as soon as they through the hot summer weather, teriorating Parks General Store. He landed in Canada and fell prey to rac- with temperatures well over 100O F. later renovated Jim’s General Store, ist politicians. They struggled With winter approaching which was also owned by a Chinese. through the “Dirty Thirties”. Dur- and warnings that temperatures In November of that year, Asari ing World War II, they were uprooted would dip below 30O F., everyone bought Mayhome Rooms, which was from their homes and lost all their started to cut firewood in a hurry. As located in the heart of the town. The possessions. But they bravely with- expected, they went through the se- house was built by an English immi- stood all these difficulties. We are verest winter they had ever experi- grant in the Gold Rush era. It had deeply indebted to our elders for their enced. been kept in good condition and fur- perseverance and courage in plant- The following summer, they nished with old English furniture. ing our roots firmly in this land of cleared away sage bush, irrigated the Mrs. Asari started a bed and break- freedom and peace. a 15 Memberships are a vital part of the Museum, and we welcome your interest and support. New and renewing members for the period May 4, 2002 – August 6, 2002. Mr. & Mrs. Ed Arnet, Sidney BC Mr. Hiro Nakashima, Toronto ON Dr. Joji & Sachi Yamanaka, Delta, BC Ms. L.A. Dinsmore, Scarborough ON Mr. Henry Grant Naruse, Vancouver BC Dr. Stanley Yamashita, Lebanon NewHampshire, Mr. & Mrs. Mike Ebbesen, Burnaby BC Mr. & Mrs. Craig Ngai-Natsuhara, Burnaby BC USA Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth Ellis, Winnipeg MB Mr. & Mrs. Shoji Nishihata, Richmond BC Mr. & Mrs. Stanley & Aileen Yokota, Toronto Ms. Kana Enomoto, Scarborough ON Mrs. Sakuya Nishimura, Burnaby BC ON Mr. Joseph Fry, Vancouver, BC Ms. Mary Ohara, Burnaby BC Mrs. Akiye Akada, Burnaby Ms. Andrea Geiger-Adams, Burnaby BC Ms. Amy Okazaki, Calgary AB Ms. Mieko Amano, Burnaby Mr. & Mrs. Art Gorai, Seattle WA USA Mrs. Jean Okazaki, Scarborough ON Mr. & Mrs. Alan & Ruriko Davis & Family Mr. & Mrs. Roy Hamaguchi, Vancouver BC Ms. Reiko Okubo & Mr. Guy Champoux, White Mr. John Duddles, Richmond Ms. Judy Hanazawa, Vancouver BC Rock BC Mrs. Theresa Mori Emiko Enderle, Helena, MT Ms. Jennifer Hashimoto, Toronto ON Mr. & Mrs. Shinichi Omatsu, Vancouver BC Mr. Kevin Fukawa, Vancouver Mr. Yoshiharu Hashimoto, Abbotsford BC Mrs. Linda Reid & Family, Vancouver BC Mr. & Mrs. William & Doris, Edmonton AB Ellen Hayakawa, Bowen Island BC Mrs. Joanne R. Rollins, Regina SK Girard, Mission Mrs. Susan Hidaka, Scarborough ON Patricia Roy, Victoria BC Mr. & Mrs. K. Kaminishi, Kamloops Ms. Daien Ide & Mr. Hiroshi Mizoguchi, Mrs. Michi Saito, Surrey BC Mr. & Mrs. Matt & Jean Kobayashi, Kelowna Burnaby BC Mr. & Mrs. Alan Sakai, Richmond BC Ms. Mika Maniwa, Vancouver Ms. Judy Inouye, Port Moody BC Mrs. Helen Sakamoto, Burnaby BC Mr. & Mrs. Michael & Aiko Murakami, Mrs. Kimiko Inouye, West Vancouver BC Mr. Dennis Shikaze, Burnaby BC Edmonton AB Mrs. Tokuko Inouye, Burnaby BC Mr. Henry Shimizu, Edmonton AB NAJC Kamloops Chapter, Kamloops Mrs. Lily Y. Kamachi, New Westminster BC Mr. & Mrs. Sam Shinde, Richmond BC Mr. & Mrs. Dan and Rury Nakagawa, Burnaby Mr. Roger Kamikura, Vancouver B.C Mr. & Mrs. Masataka Shiroki, N Vancouver BC Mrs. F. Peggy Nakano, Richmond Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Kamitakahara, Burnaby Mr. and Mrs. Wataru Shishido, Vancouver BC Mr. & Mrs. Takashi Negoro, West Vancouver BC Ms. Miriam Smith, New Westminster BC Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Jane Nimi, North Miss Dottie Karr, Chilliwack BC Mr. Eric Sokugawa and Family, New Vancouver Mr. and Mrs. Mac Kawamoto, Vancouver BC Westminster BC Mr. & Mrs. Harry & Shoko Nishimura, Sorrento Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Kobayashi, N.Vancouver Steveston Judo Club, Richmond BC Ms. Toshi Oikawa, Toronto ON BC Mr. Ed Suguro, Seattle WA USA Mr. & Mrs. Bjorn & Vivian Rygnestad, Ms. Yoko Kusano, Ottawa ON Ms. Aiko Sutherland, Victoria BC Richmond Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Lowe, Burnaby BC Ms. Hisako Takahashi, Lethbridge AB Ms. Kathy Shimizu, Vancouver Dr. Keisuke Maruki, Nagoya Japan Takao Tanabe & Anona Thorne, Parksville BC Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Mabel Tamaki, Regina SK Dr. & Mrs. Carey McAllister, Nanaimo BC Mr. & Mrs. Henry Tanaka, New Westminster BC Mr. & Mrs. Tony & Kimie Tamayose, Port Mr. & Mrs. Duncan McLean, Richmond BC Mr. & Mrs. Tom Taylor, West Vancouver BC Coquitlam Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Miki, Winnipeg MB Mr. Michael A. Thomson, Winnipeg MB Mr. & Mrs. Anne & Ron Tanaka, South Surrey Ms. Florence Mitani, Winnipeg MB Miss Ikuye Uchida, Burnaby BC Terry Watada, Toronto ON Ms. Rose Murakami, Salt Spring Island BC Mr. Mike Whittingham, Richmond BC Ms. Shirley Witherow, Pitt Meadows, BC Ms. Mary M. Nago, Lethbridge AB Thank you to those individuals who have graciously donated to the Japanese Canadian National Museum between May 1 and September 30, 2002: Mrs. Enderle, Helena MT Ms. Amano, Burnaby Mr. & Mrs. Takashi Negoro, West Vancouver Mr. & Mrs. Kaminishi, Kamloops Ms. Sumiko Sato, Burnaby Tony & Kim Tamayose, Port Coquitlam Mr. Toshi Oikawa, Toronto, ON Ms. Kay Akada, Burnaby John Duddles, Richmond NAJC Kamloops Chapter, Kamloops Ms. Irene Tsuyuki, White Rock Peggy Nakano, Richmond Mr. & Mrs Nimi, North Vancouver Mr. Mamoru Yamane Kathy Shimizu, Vancouver Ms. Maniwa, Vancouver Thank you to those individuals who have graciously donated to the Japanese Canadian National Museum between October 1, 2002 and November 15, 2002. Donation in memory of Toyo Takata: Mr. Kiyoshi Kitagawa, North Vancouver Bobby & Florence Nishi Ms. Mishy Moffit, Toronto, ON Mr. & Mrs. Mac Kawamoto, Vancouver Reiji Hamada Donation in memory of Roger Obata: Ms. Sakuya Nishimura, Burnaby Yoshiko Mukuyama Mr. Yoshio Hyodo, Brantford, ON Mr. Ken Katashi Hibi, Thunder Bay, ON Kazue Egami Ms. Amy Okazaki, Calgary, AB Kimiko Hashimoto Mr. & Mrs. Wataru Shishido, Vancouver, BC Mr. Stanley Yokota, West Hill; Saichiro & Takeno Maekawa Ms. J. L. Hashimoto Toyota Canada, Inc, Scarborough, ON Shoichi & Harumi Kishi Ms. Tomiko Mizuyabu Miss Ikue Uchida, Burnaby, BC Linda Smith Mr. & Mrs. Doug Oike Ms Kana Enomoto, Scarborough, ON Diane Gronlund Mrs. Lily Kamachi, New Westminster, BC Yoshiko Godo North Vancouver, BC Evelyn Negoro Ms. Tamae Hamaguchi Kenneth A. Ellis, Winnipeg, MB Bob Flynn Mr. Edward Sato Akiko & David Sutherland, Victoria, BC Betty Tasaka Mr. Tai Goto Shoji & Eve Nishihata, Richmond, BC Leona Teraguchi Ms. Diane Kariya Hiro Nakashima, Toronto, ON Yosh Yamasaki Ms. Masako Fukawa Tamiko Katai, Yukio Egami, Dianna Jarbo Mr. & Mrs. Fujitaka Takeuchi Ken & Hiroko Yoshihara Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Lowe Mr. & Mrs. Yasuo Nakano Mits Goto, Asayo Murakami Mr. Michael Thomson, Winnipeg, MB Ms. Beverley Inouye, Burnaby Naoharu & Misao Tamura Mrs. Kimiko Kaye Inouye, West Vancouver, BC Michi Saito, Surrey Joyce Oikawa Mr & Mrs Don Tokawa, North Vancouver, BC Ms. Susan Hidaka Mitsuo & Yoshiko Yamamoto