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11 The "one Idea which. History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided i , f views ; and by setting aside the distinctions of Religion, Country, and Colour, to treat the -whole Human race as one brotherhood, having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature."—Humboldt's Cosvos.

(£ontent g : Nbws op thk JTeek — Page Progress of Incendiarism .126 Lord Joh n Russell 132 The Dranaa ¦ . 137 Par liament 122 Murders and Murderous Assaults... 126 Rights of Royalty 133 Pro gress of Sgibncb— _,, _, ' ¦ Public Educat ion Movement 183 Miscellan eous 127 . The Gorham Caae ..'. 132 . Development Theory and Mr. H. • . The Church Movement 124 Public Affairs— Death of Jesus 133 Miller 's Book :.i 158 France. —The Electio n and its Con- The New Crusade ... 130 Mr. Sandars on Prices 133 Anti que Nails -v^o sequences .' ...; 124 Universal Suffrage 130 Literature— . Diffusion ,of Silver , Lead , &c l*» Spanish Scan d al .... 126 The Educational Obstructives 131 Mure 's Literature of Greece 134 Portfolio— American News 125 Moral of the Paris Election 131 Madame Pulszky 's Hungary 134 Tb the Worm ...... ^...... 139 Sanitary Projects 123 An Example to Insolvent Landl ord s 131 Science in Fabl e 135 The Apprenticeship of Life .;... i... 139 The Zoological Society .. 125 Royalty and Loyalty ... 131 Books on our Table 136 The Lorelei r .»" ...... 14U Talent for Silence ..... -...;...... 141 The Philanthro pic Society's Farm The Black Demon in America...... 131 Notes and Extracts .;.,.... 137 . ¦; School 126 Open Council ^- Tub Arts— Commercial Affairs— j . * • 8eizure of a British Subject 126 The Rights of the People. 132 The Lyric Drama .• 137 Markets , Gazettes , &c, p ...;.... 142-44

No. 6. SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1850. JRrice 6d. the officials . The meeting at Bradford akme would, Foreign news is scanty this week; by far t|ae> : suffice to prove as much. That populous YorksMre most important is thalr'from France of the election • Mtms nf fy t ; off of Eugene Sue. I»' spite of M. Baroche's stip- : W*ih town must now be added to- the - list the*#re: aj>: * manufacturing boroughs which have declared in' presaion of electoral meetings, in spite of M. Ceaseless as the movements of the ground under favour of the Public School system, thfis keeping- parser's interdiction of {the . Republican press, in ' &rty the rain of fire, as Dante saw them, is .the stir of up the chain off adhesions unbroken by%" the. spite? of the most strenuous exertions of the p conscience and usage. , the Socialist candidate heads theypqtt, the Qhurch in the conflict of official repudiation. In fact, the /leaders of the of " order " 4 The Church dignitaries have evidently taken alarm school movement understand the future in regard' ;wit^a majority larger tBauHhailof the elected of at the extent and unmanageable pertinacity of the to their plan far better; than the statesmen at thf theMotlMrf Mar^h. t This; tod, notwithstandii% the agitation. The Archbishdp of Canterbury endea- centre of affairs. The suggestion- thrown outjjy defection"of ftfrEmile de Girardin, who is , evidently vours to compromise and conciliate ; the Bishop of Mr. W. E. Forster deserves prompts consideration hpTwiin'a- 'in an other direction s arid thou gh the moire up; even the Bishop of the eih« austere Republicans accept bjrt London tries to hush by the promoters of that system : ^rith M^u^ch^^^^;^ Exetecsi&^ manifests annoyance at the continuance of hatic adh^ blow to tttose via power. ^HTovfr mlt"^aey•t£eetpe|: * yLtatte t. 3d. per Sent., to£3 16s., and in 1814 Archbishop of Canterbury,-removable at his pleasure* tional position. The Archbishop of Turin in vain reduced from £4 It*. the whole of the Bishops will still protest it was again reduced to £3 5s. As regards the liability and as remain at urges the parish priests of his diocese to of trustees, the act of 1828 restricted it to instances ot the board, the public will gain nothing by the against and impede the civil authority. The Sar- neglect or omission on their part ; but, in 1844, their change. Now, as the Ecclesiastical Commission is dinian Government seizes his circular, and threatens liability was entirely removed. formed entirely for the management of temporal and The present position of a savings' bank is, that the affairs, there is no m ore reason -wh to prosecute him ; he is obliged to retire to his the secular y there exasperation of the trustees -have merely to get their rules certified by should be Bishops at the board than there is that country seat to escape the proper functionary, and to furnish annual accounts to the Papacy are numbered, responsible they should be at the Board of Admiralty or any people. The days of the National Debt Commissioners ; who are other public commission. It may be said that Spain seems sunk in degradation, A military only for the sums the trustees may remit to them. In the Queen Mother rule a or secretary receives deposits at Church ought to guard its own property. But what adventurer and an intriguing many cases the actuary is the Church ? The Church is not the Bishops, le. In the Palace is nothing but his awn house; and it is said that nearly all the losses but hopeless peop which have occurred have been owing to this departure the laity ; it is they who compose its members, its intrigue and scandal—too vile even for comment $ life, its strength. The Church has not to be guarded party against from the strict rule. beyond the palace walls intrigue of The mode by which the Chancellor of the Exchequer against the people, but against Bishops and Eccle- party, imbecility and shainelessness. No man proposes to give increased security to deposits in savings siastical Commissioners. Besides, in an age like the capable of even pointing to a better future. Keep banks is this. The appointment of the treasurers will present, Bishops have something else to do than down the last exposure, and so wear on—that be vested in the Commissioners for the reduction of the attend to the management of property. Th s is an even the National Debt—local bankers to be generally chosen. age of active speculation. Christianity has to en- seems to be the sole policy. So little of appointed will either have to attend shadow of freedom remains, that the Clamor The treasurer thus counter many active enemies, to defend itself against himself, or to send a clerk to be present at the appointed the assaults of active and acute intellects, and to re- Publico of Madrid abandons political writing, hours on which the savings' bank is open ; and all money the vive and kindle faith in an age peculiarly unsuscep- since no fewer than six actions are pending against must be paid directly to him by the depositors, or to These are not times when is seized almost daily at the Post-office depositors by him ; the receipt of any money by anv tible of belief. easy, it, and it place than the savings good-natured, benevolent, irreproachable gentlemen for the slightest expression against the " Govern- other person, or at any other bank, will be deemed illegal, and any other officer of the are likely to perform the duties required of them as ment." institution who receives money shall be guilty of a mis- Bishops ; nor is it good for the Church that men No further news from Greece, though it was demeanour. As a check upon the management, the styled Fathers in God should be seen busily en- prematurely reported that the affair was arranged treasurer will be required to furnish a. daily statement of grossed with worldly affairs, vigilant of Church pro- by the payment of 60,000 drachmas and an the tranactions of the bank, and the National Debt perty, and stubbornly tenacious of Churrh rank and apology. A change of Ministers is spoken of in Commissioners shall have power at any time to send episcopal emoluments—assertin g the divine institu- down a person to test the accuracy of the accounts of any iscopacy, but regardless of its duties—not Turkey. comparing the number of the pass- tion of ep Rumours particu ar bank by visiting the sick, not consoling the dying, not preach- The Erfurt players have adjourned. books with the ledger. As regards the rate of interest not disseminating the faith among the multiply of coming conferences of crowned heads, on deposits , which is at present £2 18s. 4d. per cent., it ing the Word, will be reduced to £2 15s. This reduction is required people, nor exhibiting the example of men indifferent doubtless to put down what his restored Holiness and wealth of this world and living for , erhaps, to protect the country from loss, as the rate of interest to the pomp calls the "h ydra of anarchy " : they too p on deposits has been so much higher another :— dom of France, as Pio hitherto paid referring to the " king " than was obtained by the Commissioners on the same A Bishop ought not to grasp at temporalities — he Nono unhappily phrases it. Men begin to think amount when invested in the national securities. During ought not to be absent the one-hal f of the year from his whether the immense armaments gathering in the the last thirty-two years the loss to the country from diocese to show his expertness as a senator, nor the other East can be only for the pacification of Germany. this cau*e has been £2,000,000. The amount of de- half the. year in a country palace, in which he is unap- posits from one person is not to exceed £100, and by any but the aristocracy. Nor is it any Are the Cossacks again looking across the Rhine ? the payment of interest proachable Government does not fear when they reach that sum, part of his office to hold large estates, and to farm them Certainly the French will cease ; but should the parties wish it, the £100 out under a ruinous system of fines on leases, for the their coming. May the French people have as thus invested, will be invested in the funds, where purpose of extracting an immediate provision for his little need to fear them ! The future looks gloomy. they will obtain the market rate of interest on those family, to the ultimate impoverishment of the Church. All things seem tending towards a second great securities ; so that the savings' bank depositor will It is not necessary that the Bishop should be a Peer of crisis. thus be converted into a fundholder without any ex- Parliament, nominated absolutely by the Ministers under pense, and may then sell the amount at any time, or temptation of postponing the interests of the interest for him. the strong PARLIAMENT. enable any person to receive the Church to the interests of party. When the Parliament , As regards friendly societies it is proposed that no the People, and the Clergy swell the national cry, and farther investment shall be made by them directly with the Government is prepared to give way to the national H ISTORY OP THE WEEK. the National Debt Commissioners, except in payment of demand, it is not the part nor the character of a good House of Com- insurances already made. In the case of new societies Bishop to outrage the common sentiment by brandishing Among the earliest business in the h savings banks. and ons, on Monday, was a question respecting the rights the investments shall take place throug ' a majority of episcopal votes in the Minister's face, m The privilege of investing in the name of trustees, warning him that he holds the passage of the House of of British subjects abroad. Jvlr. Cockburn asked for person right of the which has been much abused, will be limited. No Lords, and is determined upon defeating any measure in information respecting the assumed shall be allowed to invest money as a trustee, except on which the spiritual necessities of the Church are more authorities of Charleston to go on board any British behalf of lunatics or idiots. Money may, of course, be cared for than the temporalities of the Bishops." vessel in the harbour, to seize any persons of colour , but in that case it must be imprison invested on behalf of minors The discussion was enlivened by a personal attack 'whom they may find in the vessel, and invested in their name, and not in that of the parents. , them during the whole time that the vessel remains The power of purchasing Government annuities will be which Mr. Goulburn made upon Mr. Horsman there. Lord PalHerston said, the subject had been greatly extended. The minimum instead of being £4, whom he taunted with having been disappointed of a brought under the notice of Government some years as at present, will be reduced to £1, and the depositor situation in the Cabinet, to which he was aspiring. Hgo, and in 1847 a note had been presented to the having paid in sufficient for a £1 ann unity, may go on Mr. Osborne did not think such an attack came well Government of the United States remonstrating adding to it until it has reached a £30 annuity , beyond from a man who, ever since he came into that House, against such a law as inconsistent with the usual which the operation is not allowed to go. had been tied like a tin kettle to the tail of the established courtesy of nations, and at variance In the discussion which took place after Sir Charles Member for Tamworth ; and who, whenever the with certain parts of the treaty of 1815. The answer, Wood had made his statement, there was a very honourable Baronet crossed the floor of the House, made verbally, and not in writing, by Mr. Bu- general expression of opinion in favour of Govern- still followed rattling at his tail. Sir Robert Inglis chanan, then American Secretary for Foreign Af- ment's making good the losses of depositors by the was astonished to hear such low language applied by fairs, was, that the Federal Government had no late mismanagement of the Rochdale, Aylesbury, him to the member for Cambridge, " his superior in powers to induce the Legislature of the Carolinas to Scarborough, and other savings' banks. Mr. Hume, every respect—in station—in talent—in temper—and abolish the state law ; and that, if the British Go- Mr. Sharman Crawford, Mr. Fagan, Mr. Slaney, in eloquence." Mr. Horsman would not bandy epi- vernment insisted upon a strict interpretation of the Colonel Thompson, and Mr. Henry Herbert, ail thets with Mr. Goulburn , but he might remind him treaty of 1815, the Federal Government of the United spoke in favour of Government doing so. In reply that at last election he was only saved by the magna- States, finding the question not merely difficult, but to a question from Mr. Grogran the Chancellor of nimity of his opponents. impossible to be dealt with, would be forced to take the Exchequer said the present annual limit of £30 The debate on Mr. Henley's motion, on Tuesday advantage of the clause enabling either party, after would not be altered. Mr. Slaney complained that evening, in favour of a reduction of official salaries, due notice, to put an end to the treaty. Under the limit of deposits was to be reduced from £150 to was not calculated to promote the objects of the these circumstances our Government did not think £100. The motion for leave to bring in the bill was Protectionist party. Looking merely at the terms of that any advantage would come from pressing the put and carried without a division, and the Attorney- his motion there was nothing in it which differed matter. General proposed as the member to bring it in. materially from a Radical motion on the same subject. The Government bill to amend the law relating to Sir George Grey moved the second reading of He merely asked :— Savings' Banks was introduced by Sir Charles the Ecclesiastical Commission Bill, and explained That an humble address be presented to her Majesty, of the new measure. The chief feature " leased to "Wood¦ on Monday evening, in a long speech , in the character humbly to request that she will be graciously p which he took a glance at the rise and progress of appears to be the appointment of a smaller working direct that a careful revision be made of the salaries and of the pre- body within the commission, to be called the Estates wages paid in every department of the public service, these institutions, pointed out the defects due sent law, and explained the alterations which he in- Committee. This will consist of three persons ; one wiih a view to a just and adequate reduction thereof, tends to make. to be appointed by the Crown, as chairman, with a regard being had to the efficient performance of the It is not much more than thirty years since those so- salary of £1200 a year ; one by the Archbishop of several duties." at £1000 a year ; and a third by the urged the cieties were recognized # by the Legislature, and little Canterbury, In favour of this motion, Mr. Henley more than forty years since they were first formed. The Crown, to receive no salary. These three commis- great and general reduction which has taken place society at Tottenham may be taken as a fair specimen of sioners shall not be enabled finally to decide, but in the luxuries and necessaries of life. Comparing what these institutions were at first. In that case six must report to the full commission. Their recom- 1828 with 1849 the reduction in the following articles benevolent individuals undertook to receive the savings mendations, however, will be virtually final, in most has been—on bread, corn, beer, hay, straw, woollens, of the labouring classes, and to pay five per cent, for , from the weight they will carry. Among ; on gro- them, each person being ; if more cases furniture, and ironmongery, 20 per cent. responsible for £ 100 other provisions of the bill, it proposes to enable the ceries, hosiery, and fuel , 25 per cent. ; on cotton , ou were deposited than £600 they were to add another mut- trustee for every £100. They appointed the trustees as commissioners to make the income of the Bishops per cent. ; on linen , 16 per cent. ; on beef und they plea«ed , and invested the deposits as they pleased, and Archbishops fixed , instead of fluctuating. To ton, 17 per cent. From public documents also it ap- on condition of paying interest for them. In 1817 a bill consolidate the two funds, the Common and the peared that of late years the people of this country were was passed to prohibit the trustees from receiving any Ecclesiastical Funds, making them applicable to all suffering great distress. In proof of this he pom tea profits, and to allow the investment of the deposits in purposes for the good of the Church ; and to aug- to the immense increase in the numbers of emigrants, the public funds. In 1S24 a new act was passed , which ment the sal aries of certain deaneries from £1000 to and the great increase of criminals as compared with rendered it imperative on the trustees to transmit the £1500. the population. He thought therefore that it was the whole of the money invested in the savings' banks to the The result of the proposed change in the constitu- duty of Government to take prompt measures to Commissioners for the Reduction of the interest on the with the view National Debt ; from that time, therefore, Government tion of the commission, us shown by Mr. Housman, reduce the national expenditure, will be, that the ex qf/icio members of the board will of affording relief to the suffering classes, and tins became responsible for all the money transmitted to them. official By another act pwRsed in 18*28 the amount , of deposits , he virtually superseded by paid and responsible per- might be done by a general reduction of which had been hitherto unlimited , was fixed nt a certain sons. But, as there will be only two paid com- salaries, whereby, according to his showing, at least amount, and at the same time the rate of interest was missioners, of whom one will bo the nominee of the £1,000,000 might be saved annually. May 4, 1850.] ©ft* ILe a iltt. 123 Sir Charles Wood denied that, prices had gene- definite sum is proposed for a particular object , may tell The amendment was negatived by 166 to 53. The Potatoes have risen in price since 1843 ; you that the Government will be in danger and wages bill was ultimately passed through committee with rally fallen. other shadowy the increase which has taken place in the price will be affected , or resort to any subter- several amendments. and fuge, which may suit their pur pose to-night , but which agricultural distress took place in of greengroceries will nearly compensate for the fall will condemn them for ever in the eyes of the country. A discussion on price of corn . It is unreasonable to ask Go- the House of Lords on Thursday evening. The in the { Cheers.) I care not to inquire into the causes of the , vernment to make a general reduction in the salaries universal ly acknowled ged distress which has been re- debate was opened by the Duke of Richmond who of public servants, many of whom have much more ferre d to by so many gentlem en. I have no doubt that insisted that the whole of the land -will be thrown ¦ work to do than they had some years ago. Besides, a evils so generally felt must have many sources , though I out of cultivation if prices continue at the present very large reduction had already taken place. Between think there has been one predominant cause which has low rate. As a proof of the existing distress among 1815 and 1835 the salaries of public officers were been inj urious , and which may become more than in- the farmers, he stated that in a Northumberland brought down from £3,700,000 to £2,700,000. At jur ious to this countr y. I thin k the distress is mainl y paper there appeared , last week, sixty advertisements business of the country is done for little owing to the legislative measure of 1846, which has for the sale of live stock on different farms in that present the commodities. We have al- more than the cost of a private establishment. The lowered the price of vicinity. wa) ;s been of that opinion , and upon legitimate oc- Grey upon a discussion of salaries of all kinds paid by the bank of England lways expressed it. The noble Lord Earl declined entering to £211,000, whereas the whole of the salaries casions we have a the free-trade question. As for the statement that amount says, ' if that is your opinion , why do you not bring sixty ad- of the Government, including the Ti easury, the forward the question ?' Well, we ar e perfectl y aware of in one newspaper there were no less than Home-office , the Foreign-office , the Colonial-office , our deficiencies on this side the House , an d we are often vertisements of the sale of live stock in Northumber- the Council-office , the Board of Trade, and the de- reminded of them by the eminent and almost illustrious land, this was no more than the usual number of partment of education, amount to only £238,000, persons who are adverse aroun d us. We do not attempt sales of that description which took place in that which is only £27,000 more than the Bank of Eng- to rival you in eloquence , in statesman ship, oi in that county at this time of the year. But . if these an- land. Mr. Hume, as a consistent (Economical re- pru dent sagacity which has al ways distinguished you; nouncements are to be taken as proofs of agricultural the motion because it would carry but whateve r may be our failings we have , at least , not distress what would they say to the fact that in former, supported gn to be chalked out out the avowed object of Government. Mr. Roe- the weakness to allow our campai September, 1844, one newspaper in Sussex contained the motion as a mere truism, the by our opponents . But thou gh my friends do not intend seventy advertisements of the sale of farm stock, so buck looked upon to br ing forwar d the question as it has been chalked out mover having no other object in view than to cast that, judging by this rule, the distress was greater for them by the noble Lord in this House , and by one of under protection than it is now. odium on Government, and obtain popularity for his colleagues in anothe r place, I will candidl y tell the himself as a pretended economist. Nevertheless, he we do not wish to brin g it The Duke of Argyll was not friendly to these ir- noble Lord the reason why , but strongly advised the Chancellor of the Exchequer to forward. We do not think it is a question to be settled regular discussions on the question of Protection to the motion, as the best way of damaging it. in this Hou se. I do not think , whatever may be our he did not see how ministers could complain of them, as accede advocates of Re- Sir Robert Peel perfectly agreed with Mr. Roe- constan t divisions upon such a subject , that the y can be the same course was pursued by the but he did not very satisfactor y to the country. I am afraid it is inci- peal. He did not think the low prices now prevailing bu ck that the motion was a truism, only be ac- being that to be a reason why he should support dent to human natu re that wisdom should would be permanent, but, in the event of their consider quire d by adversity , an d when the country has arrive d at so, a considerable alteration must be made in the dis- it. It was evidently Mr. Henley's belief that a large suffering which shall teach them the great be made in official salaries without that pitch of tribution of the public burdens. reduction could lesson , no doubt the country will settle the question Lord Faversham denied that the present state of impairing the efficient performance of official duties ; without trou bling either the noble Lord or myself upon countenance such a delusion by of things was exceptional, and as for the statement and he could not the subject. And I am sure that no other settlement partial, he asserted that it voting in favour of the motion, believing as he did it will be satisfactory ; for what will be the effect of a that the distress was situations are not over- House upon such a question as the recon- was deep, general, and universal. He defied the Go- that the persons holding such vote of the vernment to call to the bar of the House a single im- paid . struction of our commercial system ? The people out of doors who are suffering will say * a vote of the House of partial man who would dare to say that there was Mr. Cobden viewed the motion as expressly in- known in this country, among the agricul^ - upon the working of free- Commons in favour of Protect ion,' to use a common ever before tended to throw discredit phras e, or aga inst it, ' will be no adequate test ; we have tural interest, such deep, universal, and overwhelming trade. It would be viewed generally as a war upon had votes of the House of Commons upon the same im- distress. ( Cheers from the Opposition.) weekly wages, and he would be no party to a deci- portant subject before ; and whether our opinion is m The Earl of St. Germains admitted that much sion of the House in favour of a general reduction of favour of Protection or against it, we have been equall y distress exists among the owners and occupiers of wages throughout the country. But to talk seriously disappoi nted in our expectations and our views. We land, but it was folly to think of relieving it by a of such a reduction is sheer nonsense. Granting that have elected Parliame nts ,* the y may say, 't o support return to protection. there has been a general reduction in the price of Protection , and they have repealed the laws we sent those who are opposed to those The Earl of Stradrroxe differed from the last articles of general consumption, that is no reason why them to support ' ; whilst speaker. Such a declaration was equivalent to saying wages should fall . Nor can it be said that any large laws , if a vote of the House of Commons were to come to a contrar y decision , an d require what you call Protec- that the people of England were henceforward to be class of the community has suffered a reduction ot , deprived of justice. , been reduced, nor is it tion , would be equally dissatisfied. It is a question . income. Rents have not then , which can now only be settle d out of doors. " The Duke of Richmond said the repeal of the corn likely that they will be reduced The wages of ( Cheers.) laws had been carried by means of an agitation com- manufacturing operatives, instead of falling, have John Russell contended that this motion menced at Manchester ; they would be restored by risen simultaneously with the fall in the price of Lord an agitation on the part of the people of England. provisions. It is true that in some counties the was plainly one of censure on the Government, that it called upon the Queen to do what The Earl of Mountcashel said the shopkeepers wages of agricultural labour have been reduced ; but seeing of London were suffering more than any other class. that is because the labourer in those districts has, for Ministers have already undertaken to do. The con- the labouring classes is not worse now than The reason was that £30,000,000 a-year were spent the last fifty years, been limited to bare subsistence dition of less by ladies than used to be. which necessarily rise and fall with the fluc- it was before the abolition of the corn-law : with the wages, ties, wages have The discussio n then term in ate d. tuations in the price of food. exception of some agricultural coun was spent by not been reduced since 1846 ; and he would not, The greater part of Thursday evening Mr. Disraeli taunted the free-traders with their doctrine that it is the House of Commons in the discussion of the in opposing a motion for oeconomical therefore, give countenance to the through inconsistency necessary for the sake of the nation to reduce the County Courts Extension Bill, which went reform. Mr. Cobden said he opposed it because it public s rvice The committee. condemnation of the new system ; but it was wages of every labourer in the e Ex- was a motion was part of an avowed system of tactics^ for It was announced that the Chancellor of the not so much a condemnation as a consequence of that chequer would not bring forward the Stamp Duties come in due time ; restoring protection to agriculture, and no such pro- system. That condemnation will by the country. After a Bill last evening. but one of the consequences of the new system is, posal would be listened to owing to the increased burdens few remarks from Mr. Henley, the House divided : that we are obliged, PUBLIC EDUCATION MOVEMENT. of the people, to examine into the public expenditure the numbers were— possible motion 173 An importan t education meeting was held in of the country, with a view to effect every For the h the meeting was reduction. The Conservatives had been taunted with Against it 269 Bradford on Monday. Thoug their new-born zeal for economical reform ; but, if only announced on Saturday, the Temperance Hall history of ngland from Majority 96 was crowded. The Reverend Dr. Burnet, the Vicar, they would look back to the E favour of national educa- the epoch of the independence of the United States to The second reading of the Railway Traffi c Bill, presided. A resolution in would find th t Wednesday, was nega- tion was moved in an admirable speech by Mr. W. E. the passing of the Reform Bill, they a moved by Mr. Ricakdo, on who objected to the volun- every measure of public economy and financial re- tived, aft er a short discussion, without a division. Forste r , of Rawdon : he check the injurious ri- tary or •' hap-hazard " principle, contended that the form has been effected by the Tory party. As for The object of the bill was to national evil, and its ly financial reformers who made such strong professions valry between ' competing railway lines, by. which want of education was a supp ex way of the a national duty ; and he recommended the working in favour of sweeping reforms, nothing is to be each sought to throw obstacles in the s bill by holding simul- pected from them this session. Ministers need not other ; but the general feeling was opposed to the classes to support Mr. Fox' taneous open-air meetings, on Whit-Tuesday, in all feel any alarm on account of what that party might measure. The resolution was do now. If measures of economy are to be carried The second reading of the Landlord and Tenant the large towns of Lancashire. is right Pusey, was opp osed seconded by Mr. David Lightowler, a Chartist, and out, it must be by the Protectionists. It Bill, which was moved by Mr. Reverend J. Giyde. Mr. J. Cockin that the country should know this :— by Mr. Christopher as unnecessary and mischievous, supported by the likely to create discord moved an amendment in favour of the voluntary " Here are seven millions and a half expended, and I by Sir George Strickland as , after a long and animated discussion, do not want between landlord and tenant, and by Colonel Sib- principle ; but want this to be understood out of doors. I original resolution was carried by an immense people to be led away by the sentimental appeals of the thorp for similar reasons. •• If such bills passed, he the ht in to declare majority. right honourable member for Tamworth , as if we should expect soon to see a bill broug held were dealing with an insignificant sum, and making a what wagee he gave to his footman, and what time Meetings with the same object have also been petty motion with a petty object. The motion of my he should go to bed." Mr. Aglionby, Mr. Octavius on Monday evening at Preston, and on Tuesday honourable friend will effect a reduction of at least one Duncombe, Mr. Newdegate, and Mr. Sydney Her- evening at Hulifax. million , and perhaps more, in the public expenditure. bert having supported the bill with the understand- In the Court of Common Council, on Thursday, Those who will form a judgment on your conduct to ing that it should undergo certain modifications in Mr. F. Bennoch moved that the Court petition both night are hard-working men, who are suffering hardly, amend- Houses of Parliament in favour of the establishment and permitted to ride off from the con- committee, Mr. Christopher withdrew his you must not be ment that it be read a second time that day six of the system of national secular education, con- Beauences of vour vote bv sentimental descriptions of 's bill. Mr. Bennoch considered chief clerks and virtual Ministers of State in Downing- months. The bill was ordered to be committed. tained in Mr. Fox " street, nor by a declaration from the honourable Member The House having gone into committee on tho Be- it was by national provision alone that education for vote for this motion moved an amend- could be effectually secured. What tho advocates of the West Riding, that he cannot nifices in Plurality Bill, Mr. Hume charity he because wages will be affected by it. In a great part of ment , the effect of which would be the entire abolition the voluntary system would dole out in this country wages are affected already—{cheersfrom the short discus-ion on woul d give as a right. Tho voluntary system was a of pluralities. In the course of a ious Opp osition)—-and it is our belief that there is no part of it, Sir George Grey expressed his opposition to the failure It was. not his wish to exclude reli g this country in which, before long, wages will not be livings in Eng- education, but he thought the state ought firs t to responsibility which amendment. There were many small affected. You may try to evade the land out of any single one of which " no gentleman furnish secular education, and leave it to the various hangs over you by a thread , and those clamorous patriots Gladstone held churches to see to the spiritual instruction of the who founded institutions for financial reform , and who could be adequately paid." Mr. ht to be abolished, but was un- people." addressed the House at lennth in favour of some im- that all pluralities oug opposed the motion. practicable proposition, but who fly from the test when a able to see how the principle could be carried out. Sic Peter Laurie [Saturd ay, 124 «!»* &UJ *&*t. habit of paying too 44 cour t of appea l so consti- you have not been in the much au c- to point out the weak- What we reall y want is a and attribu ting too much authority , to Mr. R. Taylor was proceeding tuted that the members of our Church can place reason- tion , something ness of the arguments against the national system, must still be else rat her than to that on which we can alone depend able confidence in its decisions , but it ' -when a member observed that there was no Court. Court will be liable to err ors and which is the deposit committe d to our cha rg e—th e borne in mind that any such Word of God. in jud gment , and that it belongs to the office of a J«dge, 44 expound them to the best of J us Commending you, therefore , to God , and to the word THE CHURC H MOVE MENT. not to make laws, but to of His grace, from 200 of the clergymen ability. 441 remain , reverend sir, your faithful servant , In reply to an addre ss Convocation shall 44 on the subject of the lat e " Aeain , then , I say that when the J. B. Can tua e." in Gloucester diocese, by a solemn act reject the doctrin e of bapt ismal regene- judgment in the case of Gorham versus the Bishop of h to thin k of quitting the Still unsatisfied, Mr. Maskell rejoins, inquirin and Bristol de- ration , it will be time enoug g Efceter , the Bishop of Gloucester? Church' s pale ; but till that shall happ en (which Heaven whether he is right in so understanding the Arch- clares that he agrees with the clergy in thinkin g the forfend) to leave her would be an act of schism. bish op's reply, as to conclude that he ought not to constitutio n of th e pre seft t Court of Appeal in ec- 44 1 will add one other observa tion. Every member of teach, and that he has not the authority of the Church clesiastical matter * unsat isfactory :— our Church who is no.t seeking a pr etex t f or quitti ng her of Englan d to teach , the doctrines treated in his 44 request that I should , in concert with communion must desire to remove wh atever blemishes and conclusion is noteworthy In reply to the in her constitutio n- But the letter. The Primate's :— my right reverend bret hren , take steps which may imperfections ther e may be 44 Are they contai ned in the Word of God ?' " Wha tever this emer gency, I can inform you Way to do this is not to abandon her , and so to render aeem most suita ble in pr obable by weakening is not there foun d, and nothin g which cannot be prov ed that all the members of the Eng lish Episcopate are at amendment less pra cticable and article of belief, or thoug and diminishing the number of her tr ue thereb y, is to be tau ght as an ht this time in anxious deliberation on the subject , and I her resources • requisite or necessary to salvation. —Art. VI. Now, we shall have the prayers of yoursel f and all friends , but to abide firmly by her , to be watchful hope that thing s which remain that are ready whet her the doctrin es concern ing which you inqu ire ar e who have concurred in this address , that by the Divine and strengthen the conta ined in the Word of God , and can be prove d guidance we may come to such a conclusion as may to die.' the same means of discovering as present anomalous and objectionable , " You are at liber ty to show this letter to any person thereby, you have obviate what is at question. myself , and I have no special authority to declare ." and pro mote the peace and unity of our beloved church. '' who is interested in this roost importan t " Believe me, my dear Mr. Hope , with the tr uest re- Another letter from Mr. Maskell. completes the The English Review asserts that the Reverend gar d and esteem, yours most faithfully , correspondence : in it he says, despairing ly :— dalen College, e J «« Lon don. William Palme r, M. A., Fellow of Mag C. J. 44 It seems to be as I had supposed ; and I have no Oxford , who some time since joined the Scotch " A. J. Beresford Hope , Esq., M.P. " faith and no doctrines to teach on any subject—excep t Episcopalian s, is about to be reconciled to the taken place be- perhaps regar ding the everbles sed Trinity—as certainl y Oriental Church. The reverend gentleman , who has An important corresponde nce has the doctrines and the faith of the Church in which I am proceeded beyond deacon ' s orders in the tween the Reverend W. Mas kell, vicar of St. Mary s , if there is anything which never Cante rbury, a minister. In other words I Anglican Church , in which he was some time ago Church , Torquay, and the Archbishop of ought to teach it is this , that the Churc h of Eng land has one of the most advanced of the Tractarians , is said , in consequence of Mr. Mask ell's having expressed no distinct doctrine , except on a single subject. on the same authority , to be at issue with it on an his determi nation to resign his living, induced by 44 Nor do I see how such a system, once openly art icle of the Nicene Creed—the procession of the doubts occasioned consequent on the decision in the avowed , can fail to lead thousands into infidelity ." Hol Ghost—reject ing, with the Greek Church , the Gorham case. The parish ioners of St. Mary ' s, on on Thursday, y them , In the Court of Common Plea? , Sir word f ilioque. Mr. Pa lmer is now at Athens. — Mr. Maskell' s intention being intimated to Fitzroy Kelly moved to stay the Court of Arche s Chu rch and State Gazette. earnestl y requeste d him to defer that intention ; matter. The motion that the from proceeding in the Gorham Th e Bishop of Exeter has written a letter in rep ly and memorialize d the Bishop, in order was, of course , but a repet ition of that recentl y made to a numero usly signed address of sympathy fr om the res ignation should not be accepted. Thereupon the ' The Lord Chief especiall y in the Court of Queen s Bench. churchmen of Notting ham , expressing his gratifica- Bishop wrote to Mr. Maskell , and (more Justice , as the case did not ori ginal ly come before tion at •' such a man ifestation of sound Churc h pr in- referring to a pam phlet in which Mr. Maske ll had thou ght right to resi gn) the Common Pleas, it would be ciples, and earnestnes s for Christian truth ." He explained the reas ons which induced him to consider the jud gment of the other cour t, and , there- says :— expressed his opinion that it was his duty to following censure :— fore , took time to consult. 4t The time is coming—r ather is already come—when retain his charge , adding the every one must declare himself , if he is faithful. " The measure immediately necessary—the necessity " In dividual confession of the tru e faith is now neces- of which is pressing upon us—is the restoratio n of FRANCE. —THE ELECTIONS AND ITS CONSE- sary, for we have ceased to have security for the assertion synodica l action. I am sorry to be obliged to add , that QUENCES . of that faith by the laws of the State—and the very possi- I do not think tha t you have , in th is your late effort , The Paris election has resulted in the triu mph of bility of asserting it by synod is denied to us." facilitated that restoration ; for you will, I think , have the Democratic party, M. Eugene Sue being ret urned disinclination to it in men of auth ority , over the the following exasperated the by 128,007 votes, being a majority of 119,425 The Bishop of London has addressed th oug h you will probab ly have increased in many minds , numbe r polled by M. Leclerc . The majority is con- letter *on the same subject to Mr . Alexander Beres- as you have in mine, an earnest longing for it." y greater than that of the 10th of March , and fofd Hope ; and it has been publ ished , by permission, siderabl Mr. Maskell 's scrup les, however , remaining un- it has to be recollected that since then no less a num- in the daily papers :— ber , it is said , th an 20,000 Socialists have been ex- " London-house , March 11. satisfied , he app lied to the Archbishop of Cante r- 44 the electoral lists. A majority of the 44 bury, venturing to ask " his Grace , " not what punged from My dear Mr. Hope ,—My knowled ge of your devoted arm y was also in favour of the democratic cand idate. and consistent attachment to the Church of your bap- my duty is with regard to resi gnation of my cure tism , and the assurance which you have given me of of souls, but what doct rines I ought to teach my The elections of the Soane-et-Loire , were also in your willingnes s to be guided by my counsels at the pre- peop le to believe ?" — favour of the democrats. The funds fell immediately sent crisis , seem to impose upon me the duty of repeating 44 It seems to me that , excepting the doctrine of the two and a half per cent. in a more connected form, and with some additional re- ever blessed Tri nity, I have no doctrines and no faith to The question occurs—what will be done now ? marks , the considerations which I suggested to you in teach as certainl y the faith and docCrines of the Church And report answers that Louis Napoleo n will wait no conversation on Saturday last. of England. I may, perhaps , teach what I believe to be longer , but , come all hazards , risk a coup de main. " You then stated to me how greatl y you were dis- true ; but—as it seems—it is quite open to me, if I As if to prepa re for this the 44 Sunday Emperor " tres sed at the recent jud gment of the Judicial Committe e thought it to be right , and that I should be no less (the Napoleon) in an ominous article entitled 44 The of Privy Council in Mr. Gorham 's case , and you expressed justifie d, to teach the opposite. " out the anal ogy your apprehension tha t some excellent men might be First Acts of the Consulate , points " Oug ht I to teach , and have I the autho rity of the between the pre sent epoch and the time of the decr ees driven by that decision to quit , if not the communion of Church of Eng land to teach , that the grace of regener a- our Church , yet the offices which they hold in it. of Brumaire , when Napoleon dissolved the munici- tion , together with the remission of orig inal sin, is cer- tu rned 411 remarked , in answer to your statement , that I tainly given to all infants in the sacrament of holy palities of Par is, abolished the directorate , and could readil y understand the uneasiness which you , in baptism ? out sixty-two members of the legislative bod jr. common with many o-hers , felt at the position in which 44 Again , upon the same and equal authority , that 44 Once having got rid of revolutionary convulsions," the Church appeared to be placed by that jud gment , but justifica tion is always concurrent with the due recep- says the NapoUon, * 4 the Charlemagne of the nine- that I thoug ht it to be your plain and unmistakeabl e tion of the sacrament of bapti sm ? teenth century determined upon crowning his task of duty not to desert the Church at Buch a moment , when 44 Or , again , that an especial gift of the Hol y Ghost social restoration by the most august of all coro- she was most in need of your support and assistance , but is, in a sacramental manner , given to faithful recip ients , nations , by invoking on his head and on that of to remain firm in your alleg iance to her , and to use your in confirmation , by the lay ing on of the hands of the France the Papal benediction. Now we see best endeavours to remove existing anomalies and de- Bishop ? * * clearl y to be the line of 44 another Napoleon defending and restoring the Pope. fects. This appears to me very Or , again , that orders transmitt ed throug h the It is under the Government of the heir of the Emperor conduct which you ought to pursue. If a vessel in which episcopate are of the essence of the Christian Chur ch ? catholic you were embarked ehould spring a leak , you would 44 Or , once more , that the words of the ordinal , * Whose- that France uses her power to strengthen surely do your best to stop the leak before you thoug ht soever sins thou dost forg ive, they are forg iven ,' &c , unity. There is in this something providential, of abandoning the shi p and leaving it to the mercy of the convey to the priesthood the power of absolving penitents , which makes us ponder and reflect. " Of similar sig- winds and waves. to be exercised , in its fulness , only after particular con- nification to this is a passage (omitted by most of the •* I would desire you to consider in what respect the fession , as indicated in the office of the Holy Communion inurnals) in the address of the returned Pope to the recent judgment has so altered the charact er of our and the Visitation of the Sick ? Generals and Staff of the French army visiting mm Church as to justif y any of her members in severing their 14 These subjects , my Lord , I consider to be intima tely Holiness gment may be erroneous , at the Vatican on the 17th of April. His connection with her. That jud connected with the foundations of relig ious faith , and , remarked:— 44 As order , so dep lorably disturbed for may be a wrong interpr etation of the Church' s mind ; according as they are believed , with the daily life and but it is the interpretation adopted by a few fallible men , the last two years, hus been reestablished in all other practice of every Christian man. It is impossible , I European states, so we hope very soon to see the not by any bod y authorised by the Church to settle any suppose , that the Church of Christ should have left them Fra nce. point of doctrine ; nor can it have the effect of chang ing undetermined. Ifit may be , I am anxious to continue hydra of anurch y crushed in the king dom of any of the Church' s doctrines. That of baptismal re- labouring and teaching in the Church of Eng land; and (hperiamo di vodere ben presto l'idra dell'anarchia generation stands in her Articles and Liturgy as it did I do sincerel y trust that your Grace will pardon the pchiacciuta in questo Regno di Francia.)" The before. That is not denied , or even questioned , by the application which , as a pastor of souls, I have now made Roman correspondent of the National remarks that jud gment , the purport of which is that to th< se who as Archbishop of the province. My perp lexity is the words have not once ' to you , " the French Republic," admit the Church s doctrine of baptismal grace a greater the greater becauso of the increased ambi guity which been used by tho Pope, but those of 44 the kingdom, latitude of explanation is permitted than you or I think has lately been thrown upon our doctrinal formularies. " of France " frequently. right. But this , after all , is onl y the opinion of a court inten- of law , not the decision of the Church itself in convoca- The Arc hbi shop rep lies that there are u many sub- But even more significant of the despera te tion . I hold that until the Church' s Articles and formu- jects connected with our holy religion upon which tions of the French President is the manife st endea- laries are altered by the authority of Convocation , or of wo have no reason to expect the dogmatic teaching vour to provoke the Rep ublicans to an unti mely some synod equivalent to Convocation , her character as of the church. " He disclaims sill ri ght 44 to answer outbreak. M. Carlier 's onslaug ht upon the Opposi- a teacher of tru th remains unchan ged. 44 tion press is the latest instance of this. 11 authoritative ly," but will not refuse to state tho T cannot regard any sentence of an Ecclesiastical which occur " to him on the subjects of Rel ying upon a specinl jud gment of the Court ot Cas- Court «s finally settling a question of few remarks sole, doctrine : that can Mr. Ma skoll's inquiry. Tho Archbishop concludes sation , the Prefect of Police has prohibited the only bo done by a synodical decree ; and even then within rloors or without , of the Nu tional , the J' resse, jud ges mny err in their interpretatio n of that decree , thus : — , the 41 1 the Voix dn Peup le, the Ddtnocratic Pacff igue and yet the decree itself will hold Rood , and in another can scarcely hope that this superficial rep ly will Charivari , the En t e Eoenetnent , appeal respecting the very same point of doctrine another sufficient or satisfactory. But it af°tt. % the Credit , the appear to you either the Sieclc and the Iiepublique. The Evcnement has Court mi ght givo a different jud gment. I thi nk , there- may serve to suggest thoug hts which deserve your serious of the fore, that nothing short of a formal act of iho Church consideration , before you take the dangerous step which never been even prosecuted. All the prints itself repud iating what it has hithe rto asserted as tr uth you have been lately meditating. Especiall y it may lead Opposition, whether on stall or in shop, were aeized can warrant a man in quitting her communion. you to inquire wheth er , in the exeroise of your ministry, wherever found, except at booksellers shops, or in Ma * 4, 1850. . ©&* &£&fr£f + 125 the offices of the papers. Papers were even snatched There are rumo urs afloat affecting the chara cter of Mr. N. B. Ward repeated the evidence he had police from the hands of passengers , on pre- the Secretary of Wa r, the Secretary of the Treas ury, given on a former occasion to the Health of Towns by the hysical influences of li tence that the owners were distributing the papers. an d the Attorney -General , seemingly grounde d on Commissio ners on the p ght Ha lf Pa ris was bewildered by this sweeping stro ke, the fact that the first of these officials (Mr. Cra w- both upon plants and animals , an d exhibited speci- could get his Sifcle, National, Presse , or ford), with the sanction of the others , had collected mens of plants (pre senting a shrivelled and with ered and no one " any other Liberal paper , unless he was a regular a sum which had been refused him before he came appear ance) which had been gro wn without light , subscriber, or went to the abovementioned sanc- into office. Mr. Crawford has demanded , an d Con- under circumstance s otherw ise favourable :—- tuar ies, which the police d irst not invade. Three gr ess has appointed , a committee to inquire into the " With regard to the effect of a want of light on the thousan d copies of the Evttiement were sold under affair. human constitution , he had frequently traced some of the Porte Cochere , in the liue Mon tmartr e, which New York letters give some inte resting detail s the most lamentable insta nces of disease that he had miens to the office of the Presse, The Democratic from California :— ever met with in his prbfess ion as a sur geon to the living jour nalists answer the provocation by opening sub- "A million and a half of gold has been brought by in darkened rooms ; that is to say, in rooms of which one , in order that they evade the new the Cherokee , her passen gers brought half a million or more of the windows had been closed to avoid the scription-lists may duties. application of the laws by giving their journals gra- more , and by the Emp ire City a million more came to " tuito usly to the public . " Henceforward /' says their han d. The accounts broug ht by these vessels were as Lord Robert Grosvenor observe d that all men were announcin g this determination , •« every work- flattering as ever . The mines were unusuall y prod uc- now so f ully agreed upon the magnitude of the pre - circular tive and the influx of emigra nts great. Upwards of one shop, every wine-shop, every restaurant , every lodg- , sent evil that he must reall y put it to the Chancellor thousand women had arrive d in a short time from Syd- pub lic scandal that the ing-house, everyplace, in fact , in which the working ney, their mission was by no means equivocal. Great of the Exchequer as a great popu lation assembl es, must be prov ided at least with apprehensions are entertaine d by the Americans at these resistance of the Government to a simple measure of one Democratic journal. We are read y, on our side, arrival s from convict colonies, and the new comers are sanitary precaution should have been prolonged up to to make all necessary sacrifices, and we reckon on very plainl y told th at , if they become a nuisance , they the present moment :— the support of our countrymen ." will be put to death without mercy. Notwithstanding " It must be obvious to every one that the window The Presse denies the correctness of the Prefect ' s the anomalous condition of California , the greatest re- duties cannot be defended upon financial grounds. If law, an d prom ises to continue its sale as usual , to spect is there paid to private right . Pro perty, whether the money were required , it could be raise d by a moderate contest the question. The Presse says that the jud g- legally protected or not , is perfectl y secure ; thefts are and equitable house-tax , which he should be quite ment of the Court of Cassation did not apply to almost unknown ; but the vice of the country is gam- willing to support , as a direct tax , preferable in newspa pers. It was upon a simple question , Whe- bling. It is already infested by all the blackle gs of the many respects to other fiscal burdens affecting trade world . There are also courte sans there , who live in the and industr y. Were it not for the fact that , in the ther the sale of books or pamphlets by an individual extravagan t manne r , realising thou - , , without authori za- most sumptuous and midst of all our boasted civilization , we are taxing light not a bookseller at his own house sands of dollars every week by their shameless trade , and air , the existence of window duties might be tion of th e Prefect , const itutes the fact of hawking and strange as it appears , there are houses in San Fran - taken as evidence of a state of barbarism greater or distributi on pun ished by Article 6 of the law of cisco which are alre ad y furnished with the most beautiful than had prevailed in the middle ages, or at any the 27th of Jul y, 1849. That article applies only to of Eng lish ( Wilton ) carpets and the last fashions of the peri od of the world' s history. The advent of Lord John " wri tten or printed papers ," as distinguished from Paris drawin g-rooms . A flourishin g trade with the Russell to power was hailed by many persons in the be- " newspaper s and periodical writi ngs." Sandwich Islands has commenced, China goods are also lief that all objects connected with the moral and phy- pouring into San Fra ncisco. That city may in five years ' sical improvement of the population would be actively time contain 300,000 inhabitants ." promoted , and it was to them a source of grief and dis- SPANISH SCANDAL. There is a great deal of cholera on the Western appointment that the Governm ent , instead of taking the The roya l palace at Madrid , if we may credit the and Southern Rivers, and at New O rleans. lead upon these questions , should have unnecessarily exact accounts of the corres pondents of our mornin g thrust itself into a false position. Public -op inion is journ als, has just been the scene of an incident , turning against Ministers , and the repeal of the Window the pendant of the SANITARY PROJECTS. Duties , it was now not improbab le, might be forc ed upon which very worthil y becomes representing variou s f amous panis h marriage . It is said that the King A numerous deputation , them by a hostile vote of the House of Commons. He S sanitary, philanthro pic, and archite ctural associa- should take a part in such a vote with the greatest pain , Consort had been trying to obtain his appointment as Exchequer to put Queen 's accouchement. To rid tions of the metropolis , waite d on the Chancellor of and he implored the Chancello r of the Regent during the the Excheque r , by appointm ent , on Friday, to discuss himself ri ght with his friends and right with the country, hersel f of his importunities the Queen sent for in gracefull y and generousl y conceding the measure of re- Narvaez. A scene of violence is described the subject of the Windo w Duties. The deputat ion Genera l was intro duced by Lord Robert Grosvenor , and Sir lief now solicited ." as having taken place between the three, in the of an associat ion for im- the Exchequer said that th© de- cours e of which the King Consort declared that he Ral ph Howard , as chairma n The Chancellor of Ara njuez , and that proving the dwellings of the wor king classes, opened putation would not of courseexpect him to reply then should immediate ly set out for he had foun d the Window ifica points on which he had of her Majesty' s delivery he would the convers ation. He said spec lly to the differen t on the very day Duties an insuperab le barr ier to the progress of that been addressed. It had been his duty to listen to qui t the Spanish territo ry. He also stated his inten- would also be his duty to manifesto to the nation , explainin g society. The great superiority of th e model lodgings their representat ions, and it tion to publis h a which the society had erected , consisted in the ar- receive several other deputations that had written to his reasons for takin g such a step, an d f or not an adequate supply interview upon the same subject.^ The choosing to be present at the birth , of the royal rangements they had made for requ est an of air , light , and water ; but these arr angements had question of the Window Duties would receive the ful- infant ; and he added that he should recount all the landlord however strange , which had led him so to led to such an increas e of taxatio n that no lest consideration of Government. incidents , could be expected to imitate the examp le, unless the act. To " save the honour of the Crown ," it was the buildings then determined to keep the King prisoner. How- Window Duties were repealed. Upon A meetin g of churchwarden s, overseers of par ishes, of th e society in the Pancras-r oad, they were pay ing persons opposed to the Government Inter - ever , after a short captivity, with , the halberdiers that sum no less and other stationed before his chamber , his Majesty •• capitu- £162 16s. of Window Duty ; and of ments Bill was held at the Craven Hotel, Strand , on than £35 was for dut ies charged upon their sculleries to concert measures for holding a great lated ," and the royal couple were reconciled. said the Monday , The finishing touch to this dainty Court episode is and water-c losets. Mr. W. E. Hickson metropolitan meeting on the subje ct. Mr. James of the case of the model lodging-houses , import ant as it Wyld, M.P., who pres ided , condemne d the bill , as given by the Popular (the semi-official paper) but a small part of a following day, anno uncing, in a sentim enta l manner , was, represented comparativel y tendin g to establis h a great system of central ization ; that on the previous evening the Queen , accompanie d wide-spread evil :— as likely to tax the peop le to an enorm ous extent ; by the King Consort and Queen Chri stina , drove • ' In his place in the House of Commons , Sir Charles an d as interfering with the ri ghts of individual in- throug h Madrid in an open carria ge, and that «• her Wood had contended that the Windo w Duties did not dustry. Other speake rs complained that the bill press upon the poorer classes of the communit y, inas- re ally get rid of intramural interment ; count enance , as well as those of the augus t per- in Great Br itain would not sonages who accompanied her , reflected the felicity much as there were 3,000,000 houses since liberty might be obta ined, to bur y in vaults in exempt from their operation . But why were 3,000,000 , even in the metropo lis. They contended felt by the Spanish nat ion , thanks to the state the houses exempt ? Because in the case of certainl y a third freeholds illustrious Princes s is in who occupies the throne. " that the new scheme was a gross job from beginning of the number they were inade quately lighted and ven entirel y fail as a sanitary tilated , and were so constructed in order to evade the to end, and th at it would NEWS. unders tood that the sanitary objec- measure. It was finall y resolved that arrangements A MERICA N law. It ought to be public meeting on the The Eur opa brings advices from New York to the tions to the Window Duties do not app ly to the windows should be made for holding ar 17th , and Halifax to the 20th April . On the 18th , a opened under the existing system , but to the windows subject. reso lution was passed in the Senate referring the closed. The Chancellor of the Exchequer refuses to and the territo ries to a remit the tax in favour of those who stud y the laws ot THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. whole question of California health ; but a landlord , content to allow his tenants to committee of thirteen , to report a plan for com- live in dirt and darkness and their habitations to become The annua l meeting of the Zoological Society was promis e. a focus of contag ious disease , is to receive every possible held on Monday, at the society' s house , in Hanover- A cur ious petit ion has been presented to the encoura gement. In favour of a man who has reduced square , Sir Geor ge Clerk in the chair. The annual Sfnate by some of the Abolitionists. It was to the the number of windows in his house f rom twelve to seven , report of the committee stated that the entire recei pts effect , th at as the militi a duty of the country is now the Chance llor of the Exchequer remits £2 4s. 9d. per for the year had been £9688, and the expenditure unequa lly performed by the Whit es, a law should be annum ; or of another , who had reduced his windows £9582, leaving a balance of £106. The ordinnry passed enrolling the slave popu lation , puttin g arms from thirt y to twenty, the sum of £4 4s. per annum. the part , not so much of a receipts of the society steadil y increase ; a fact that in their hands , and instru cting them in the art of This is prac tically to act indicates a greater feeling for the attractions of the petition was to expose the Finance Minister as that of a Minister of Pestilence. war. The object of the if the money cannot be spared is a house- collection , and enh anced interest in the study of insir.cerity of the South prn party , who were boastful The remed y, The number of visitors to the gardens was of a rupture tax. Such a tax might easily be rendered much mor e zoology. of the fidelity of their slaves in the event equitable than the present mode of assessment , which 25,265 above the number for the prev ious y ear , and with the North. Of course the petition was not bears no reference to the rent al. It is needed on the 75,347 above 1847, the increase occurring chiefly r eceived. strongest sanitar y grounds . A fearfu l epidemic raged amon g " the publ ic," or persons unconnected with On the 16th the Senate rejected an amendmen t , last autum n ; it might break out again after the summer the society or its members : this shows the complete offered by General Cms, to strik e out a diplomatic of the present year ; and although it may be said that success of the plan for admitting the public on Mon- appropriation to Austria. there would be cholera if there were no window duties , days and holidays at a reduced rate. The committee On the 17th , during a debate on slavery, a violent the purific ation of the air by all possible methods is think that an elementary and popular course of lec- alterca tion occurred between Benton and Foote , in really the only known preventive. One br oad fact is stories of several hundred thousand tures at the gardens would greatly increase the the course of which Foote drew a pistol and aimed at this—the basemen t receipts , and more completely carry out the intentio ns disarmed , and a houses in Great Brita in being now inade quately Beniun. Foote -was immediatel y lighted and ventilated , become reservoir s of mephitic of the founders , by diffusing information and facili- committee of investigation was app ointed. vapours ; these mephiuc vapourH , when rarifted by th e tating the study of zoology. The Nicara gua treaty is completed , Sir Henry summer heats , ascend to the upper floors and subject the The collection of animal s in the gar dens has un for- Bulwtr having agreed to insert a stipu lation of a mor e or less typhoidal form. I he , th at inmates to fevers tunate ly been diminished by the death of the bison , prop osed by the American Administration Chancellor of the Exchequer , therefore , so long as ho th e rhinoceros , and some other val u able specimens ; und er her protectorate as ally of the Mosquito King, maintains a system which opera tes as a direct premium but many animals have been added by the gift s of Eng hmd shall set up no claim nor attempt to enforc e for the encoura gement of diit , darkn ess, and defective responsibility ; he is, several friends. As an insta nce, the committee refer any ri ght of any nature , by virtue of that pr otec- ventilation , is incurring a heavy the reptile house : at tor ate , or in the name of the Mosquito King, that in fact , making himself the accountable agent , in the to the judicious expenditure on case of some thousand s of the population , for health and the small cost of £240 it has vastl y increased the she has consent ed to abandon unde r her own nam e and been not only useful «nd in her own ri ght. sickness, life and death ." attraction of the gar dens, [Saturd ay, 12$ toft* &*»&**? ing , is acknowled ged by the Government. He con- Northam ptonshire. —A stack of straw and a wheat - to the student of natural hist ory, but conducive to a rick in the farm-yard of Mr. James Mather , of Irc hester specimens. gratulated the society on being the first to establish , the healthful prese rvation of the system of agricultural training in England , with a view were fired on Saturday night last. The stack of str aw The princi pal works execute d duri ng the past year ; out, was destroyed , and the wheat-rick partl y destroy ed and of the to sendin g the boys as labourers to the colonies have been the completion of the new porti on though an admirer of the Ragged School system, he much damaged . The engines from Wellingb oroug h, aviary, the house for rept iles, a larg e inclosure for could not concur in the suggestion of a fusion between were quickly on the spot , and by the exertions of the grallatorial birds , the erection of a wing at the east the two institutions. There can be no fusion between firemen and others the surrounding buildings wer e pr e- of one at the west end of of charity and those wno served. The property destroyed was insured -—North- end and the commenceme nt those who are merely objects ampton Herald. the giraffe house , and the repair of other budd ings are the objects of punishmen t and reformation. With regard to the Huntin gdonshire. —An incendiary fire was dis- connected with the garden s. M. Ducpetiaux expr essed his satisfact ion at being covered on the premises of Mr. Meadows , farmer , on menagerie , the council have obtain ed much valuable interest ing to his feelings , animals present ed present upon an occasion so Saturda y morning. It appears to have ori ginated aid. The collection of valuab le and his admiration of the system pursued at the amon gst some reed lying in the close at the back of the by the late Pas ha of Egyp t, and by the governor of its earliest infancy, had farm-bu ildings several of which were underg oing country Farm , which , thoug h yet in , the Singapore , havin g been safely broug ht to this produced very excellent results :— process of being fresh thatched. From thence it com- , the menag erie might be consi- municate d to the cow-house and to the wheat-barn and about the same time " The princi ple of agr icultural training -schools, as dered as having rea ched its highest point of value in tested by experience. It another building, all of which , were consume d, toget her at the agents of reformat ion, has been July last ; and it is worthy of remark th has been eminently successful at Mettray ; nor is it with severa l implements of husband ry and a small number of visitors in that mont h far exceeded the surprising when it is considered that agriculture is the quanti ty of corn. By this time plenty of assistanc e had the last ten years. Abbas Pa-ha of health , an d of happiness. arrived , and water being abund ant , those assembled avera ge number of pr imary spring of riche s, in arresting the progress of the flames has obta ined for the society a hippopotam us which Such schools ar e, in fact , the only safe and effectual succeeded , ere the Hon ourable crimi nals ; and this convic- they extended to the farm-yard and the buildings on the he had consigned to the care of mean s for reforming young opposite side of it. The extent of loss on the build ings Augustus Murray ; in a recent despatch Mr. tion is rapidl y spreading not only in Eng land but in Charles as well as Belgium. His official will be about £150, insured in the Sun Fire Office ; and Murray descri bed him as in good health , and as Fran ce an d German y, stock about £160, insured in the Royal puppy. experience has been quit e sufficient to show him that of the farmi ng '• tame and playful as a Newfound land the work of reform. Exchan ge.— Cambridge Chronicle. expected to arrive in the cours e pun ishment only would never effect This animal may be Young offenders must be won over by the law of Kind- of May , and is an important immigrant , no specimen ious instruction to thpm, the earliest periods. ness, shown in imparting reli g MURDERS AND MURD EROUS ASSAULTS. having been seen in Eur ope from and in placing them in circumstanc es calcula ted to Another murderous assau lt by a drunken husban d on The Queen has presented to the society the princ ipal self-respect and the good opinion of Emperor of create or restore his wife, such as we have so frequentl y to record , took place portion of a prese nt received from the society." on Sunday mor ning in the neighbourhood of Drury-lane. Morocco , consistin g of a lioness, leopard , two Donovan , the well-known pug ilist , who lived at No. 17, ostriches , and two gazelles.. During the past year SEIZURE OF A BRITISH SUBJECT. Short 's-gar dens , Drury-lane , had been drinkin g at some the female auroc hs and three bisons were carried off pub lic-house in the neighbourhood , along with his wife, on catt le. At the Thames Police-office, on Monday, the master by pleuropneu monia , the scourge of horne d Ann , appeare d for the second time Saturday night , and returned home soon after midni ght. , but of the bark Mary lea e him The rhin oceros and African buffalo have also died before M r. Yardle y, to show cause why he refused pay- She happened to say something which disp s d , as the former had been upwards of fi fteen years in ment of £17 16s. 8d., the wages of Isaac Bowers , a upon which he struck her on the face and head. The and the latter nearl y as long, their gua who had been his steward last blow knocked some of her teeth out ; but this did the menag erie , coloure d native of Anti , poker with which he longevity rather tha n their decease was to be noted. from Glasgow to Boston and Charleston , and thence not sat isfy him; he called for the , is very good ; only London. was in the hab it of beating her in a most unmerciful The health of the othe r animals back to manner ; and , in a state of terror , she pushed the window one death having occurred amon gst the carnivora— The master , when he was first before the mag istrate , the payme nt on the ground that the complainant , up to call for assistance : he f lung her over. She fell that of the black leopard , who had been in r efused head foremost ; by which her skull was fractured , her During the past year who is a British subject , had been taken out of the ship gardens upwards of six years. auth orities there because he was a forehead completely beaten in, an d several ribs were of quadru peds , three of repti les, at Charles ton by the s Co ege seventee n variet ies coloure d man , and impri soned for two months in the broken. The poor woman was taken to King ' ll and twenty-o ne of birds , bred in the gardens. Not- Hospital , with little hope that she could possibl y survive. anim als, common gaol, to prevent his having any commun ication withstandi ng the long list of add itions to the with the slave population , and that he had been charged Donovan was taken into custod y, and on Monday was in the gardens , publis hed in 1848 and 1849, the £20 by the sheriff for the maintenance of the seaman brought up for examinat ion at Bow-street , but was r e- Society has been able to obtain upwards of seventy while he was in gaol. Expressin g his surprise at such man ded for a week , in order that further evidence might new species during the past year . an outr age on the libert y of the subject , Mr. Yardley be obta ined. To screen her husb and the poor woman wages must be pai d notwithstanding the man says she either fell or thre w herself over the window. In the course of a short conversation it was stated said the Her own daughter however , a little girl , states posi- Whitsun had been taken to priso n , and the expenses incurred , , that the gardens will be opened throug hout exempt tively that her father lifted her mother up and threw her price of 6d., and because there was no stipulation in the articles to week to the public at the reduced the shi p from the liability. The master now offered to over the window. that the' band will play in the gar dens on Saturdays pay the wages, but complained that he could not go A mur der , accompanied by circumstances of a ver y during the months of June and July. The report back to any slaveholding state in America , without the myster ious character , took place in Clap ham last Sunda y , was adopted , and a special vote of thanks was given risk of having his " ship scuttled or the masts taken out. " at th e time of the morning service. Mr. John Maddle , re- to the chairman for his exertio ns in obtaining a After considerable dispute as to the exact value of cer- siding at Claremont-p lace, Wands worth-road , returne d reduct ion of the rent. tain dollars which he had paid to the complainant , and from church at one o'clock , and , afte r ring ing the bell as to the number of day s for which he could claim re- at the gate several times withou t any one answering, mun eration , the master , in spite of his offer to pay , went round to the garden gate , which , to his surpr ise, THE PHI LANTHRO PIC SOCIETY'S FARM seemed so little* disposed that way that the solicitor was unfastened. On entering the house he found the SCHO OL. threatened to " obtai n a distress warrant and seize the washh ouse door open , an d also that of the back kitchen * establis hment of the ship." Mr. Wad dington then took up his papers , an d as and in the front kitchen was his housekee per lying on The firs t anniversary of the her back , her legs extending over the threshold of the School at Redh ill was celebrated he was going away said, " D n it, I wish we were all Philanthropic Farm slaves , seamen , mag istrates , and all." door , and her head lying towards the Fre nch windows by a ban quet at the London Tavern on Saturd ay. that open into the area in front of the house. Mr. was supp orted An order was made for the payment of £11 14s. 6d., Sir Jo hn Pakington , M.P., pre sided; he giving the capt ain credit for advances. Maddle felt the body, and , seeing that life was extinct , by a considerable body of the friends and subscribers rushed out and alarmed the neighbourhood. So horrified to the institution : amon g them were Mr. Freshheld , were the neighbours that none of them would go into high sheriff of Surrey, Mr. Monc kton Milnes, M.l . PROGRESS OF INCENDIARISM. the house. At last two of them went in , and found the Mr. Sergeant Adam s, Mr. bod y strangel y disposed ; the right leg was partly draw n Mr. Head lam, M.P., NonF OLK. —About one o' clock in the morning of Sun- which was Moxon , Mr. II. Rica rdo , Mr. Pakington , the up under th e body, an d entang ling the foot , M. day last , a fire broke out on the farm in the occupation without a shoe (which is missing), was a coil of rope Reverend J. Jackson , rector of St. James s. of Mr. William Turnbull , farmer , of West Dereham ; priso ns in Belgium , used in hang ing out clothes ; her head rested on six or Ducpetiaux , inspector- genera l of and , in spite of the exertions of the inhabitants and seven folds of carpeting, and within six inches of the was also pre sent. police , a wheat stack , a barley stack , about a ton of hay , head was a basin containing abou t a pint of clean wate r. From the report of the Philanthr opic Society, it and a whole range of sheds were consumed. —Norfolk The face , hands , and other parts of the body wer e cold. appears that since the opening of the establishme nt Chronicle. There was not the smallest contortion of features , nor at Redhill , on the 13th of April , 1849, sixty- five Oxfordsh ire .—A. stack of barley straw , in the rick- any marks of personal violence. The eyes were closed and forty-s ix placed out. yard of Mr. Rowles, of Weston-on-the-Green , was dis- as if in sleep, and but for the ghastl y express ion of the boys have been admitted , on Friday evening, and it quickly Of the sixty-five, the majority had been frequently covered to be on fire , face it could have hardl y been imag ined but that she ot their communicated to a stack of bean-straw near , both , of slept. in prison ; but in thirteen cases the cause prompt exertion the fire was rather than vicious which were consumed. By The police attended promptl y, with Mr. Parrot t, ju n., offences was utter destitution soon got under , and preven ted from spreading to the the surgeon to the police force , who examined the body, or criminal inclination , their convictio ns being for He misdemeanors corn-ricks near. — Oxford Journal. and pronounced life to have been extinct some time. begging, or vagrancy, or some similar Esskx.—A cart-shed , hen- house , and other small out- could detect no outward marks of violence , nor was there arising from a distresse d and friend less condition. buildings on the farm of Mr. Edward Mills , of Wimbush , any mucus flowing from the mouth or nostr ils. On Ten lads of this class were lately sent from West- near Saffr on Walden , were burnt down , on Monday looking round as to the state of the house , it was found minster Bridewell by Sir George Grey, and a toget her with a quantity of straw , about a dozen hens , to be in very great disorder , and Mr. Ma ddle soon dis- few more are about to be selected from Colclbatli - an d two guinea-fowls. The damage , estimated at from covered that a gold watch , some jeweller y, rings , plat e, fieltls House of Correcti on, aa deserving of an oppor- £50 to £G0 , is covered by insurance in the Norwich &c , had been carried off. Mr. Coleman , the insp ector of former habits and associa- Union Office. Mr. Mills is described as a good master , police , having communicated with Mr. Bicknell , the tunity to break from their examinati on, tions. ' With respect to the boys placed out , the and no motive can be assi gned for the act of incendiarism. superintendent of the V division , made an ; and states that Essex Stand ard. of the premises , and found that every drawer , box , and report gives a favourable account and ransac ked , and happ ily the adoption of the prese nt system of agri- Bkuksh ihk. —A fire was discovered in a rick of hay even the iron chest had been opened facilities on the f.trm of Mr. T. Hcwctt , at Gor ing, ashortdistance that a small box , in which thehousekee per kepther money, cultural traini ng has been accompan ied by contents. A very great deal more gration of the boys to the colonies, an from the station of the Great Western Rai lway, on was emptied of its for the emi Monday afternoon. An alarm was speedily ra ised, and labour appeared to have been expended in opening the opening having been made for the older and more drawers , cupboards , &c, than would have app rentices the fire extinguished after burnin g a few tons of hay. the various improved of the class to be sent as far m The incendiary then proce eded to a stack of wood in the been used by an expert thief. Subsequently the police and serva nts in British North Amer ica. neighbourh ood and attemp ted to fire it , but did not learned that two men had been seen in a bye-road near At the dinner , alter the usual toasts had been succeed. A search was immediately instituted , and sus- the rear of the house at about twenty minutes past noon. given , the chairman proposed •• Prosperity to the picion fell uponaman ofbad character , named Elderfield , Between eleven and twelve o' clock a man was looking Philant hrop ic Institut ion ," and commented at some and the tr ack of shoes of a peculiar form having been about the bye-lane , and lay down in the grass in the rear length upon the difficulties of meeting the various compared with this man 's, he was taken into custody . of the house. Another man , about the same time, was evils ar ising from juvenile delinquency :-— Upon his examinati on before W. II. Stone , Esq., of seen near the spot. 11 Str eatl y-hous e, a magistrate for Berks and Oxon , he at On Monday evening an inquest was held , at which the He had had an opportunity of inspecting the pre- gave evidence to the effect at Redh ill , and lie bore testimony to the utility of length admitted his guilt , and was committed to Oxford surgeon and Mr. Mad dle mises Castle for trial at the next assizes.—Berks Chronicle. stated above. Mr. Parrott was asked by a juro r if he the system of agricultural training, and to the manner in app lied. Mr. it was carried out upon the society 's farm. He Cornwall. —A furze-rick , on Treveth an farm , the would have detected chloroform had any been which J ago , was set on fire by Pwr rott could not say, as he did not suppose that the re was extrem ely Kind to find that Sir G. Grey, in his public property of Mr. John some in- p ost has was disposed to muke use of the Philanthropic cendiary, on Monda y evening. Fortunately, althoug h has been any case where a mortem examinati on capacity, tak en place after chlor oform has been app lied. He was Society ; this shows tha t the util ity of industrial employ- some corn-sta cks were near , the wind took the flames in Mr. organization , combined with reli gious a contrary dire ction , or the loss would have been much quite unable to account for the cause of death , ment and domestic am an independent gentl eman . The instru ction , as a weans of reformation and moral train- greater. — Cornwall Gazette. Maddle said :— " I May 4, 1850.] ©!) * 3Lt*X(tV. 127 The King, m giving his permission deceased had been in my service for twelve years. She that morni ng at 17 minutes after 8 o' clock. The Court celebrat ed danseuse. and housekee per. She was, I believe, fifty- newsma n gives the following additional information on to the marr iage , granted to the lady the title of Mad ame was servant By this marriage a son of the Prince , thr ee years of age. She was generall y healthy, but her the subj ect :— von Barnim. was not strong. She was a very sober " In the room with her Majesty were his Royal Highne ss seven years of age , is legitimised. constitution Prince Albert , Dr. Locock , and Mrs. Lilly, the monthl y nurse ; woman. She was a serva nt , in the strictest sense of the and in the rooms adjoining were the other medical att endants - word . I took her from conscientious motives. The de- Sir James Clark and Dr. Ferguson , and the Ministers and Offi- A deputatio n , consistin g of the Duke of Richmond apd ceased and myself were the only persons in the house. cers of State summoned on the occasion. The Privy Coun cil- a number of other noblem en and gentlemen , had an in- Yesterd ay morning, about twenty -five minutes before lors present were—th e Archbisho p of Canterbur y, the Bishop terview with Sir George Grey, at the Home-office , on Wellington , Lord Joh n Russell eleven o'clock , she let me out to go to church. She of London , the Duke of , Sir Thursday, to deliver addresses to the Queen from several appeare d cheerful enough. I left her in the house George Grey, the Marquis of Breadalbane , and th e Duke of hundred places , pray ing for a dissolution of Parliament. Norfolk . of the inhabi- alone. She locked the gate of the house as I desired Shortly before nine o'clock in the morning the Duche ss of A very large and respectable meetin g her to do; at least , if she did not it was her neglect, Kent arrived at the Palace. The Duke of Cambrid ge, at- tant s of M ary lebone was held on Thursday in the as I alway s order ed her to do so. After the church ser- tended by Major Stephens, arrived at the palace in the fore- Princess 's Concert-r oom, Castle-stre et , Oxford-stre et, to vice was over I cam e home. I suppose it was about noon to learn the state of her Majest y and her royal infant. adont measures for uromot ine the Exhibition of 1851. twenty minut es or half past one o'clock. Upon reaching The Duchess of Kent ret urned to the palace in the afternoo n, The Right Honourable Lord Portman occupied the house I knocked at the gate for some time , and after- accompanied by th e Prince of Leiningen. chair. Resolutions in accordanc e with the obj ect my At three o'clock in the afterno on a Privy Council was held at , war ds I discovered th at the side gate was open , which the Council-office , which was att ended by Prince Albert and the of the meeting were moved by Mr. Cobd en Sir was a ver y unu sual thing. I was preparing to ju mp prin cipal Ministers and officers of State , and at which the Arch- Benjamin Hall , Mr. Mackinnon , Lord Dudley Stuart , over the gate , and I then found it was not fasten ed, but bishop of Canterbur y was ordered to prepare a form of pray er the Reveren d Dr. Morris , Roman Cat holic Bishop only on the latch. I then went hastily down , for I sus- for the Queen 's recovery. of Troy, and Mr. Van de Weyer. Mr. Cob den someth ing was the matter. I went into the About eight hundred of the nobi lity and gentry called during in moving a resolution expressive of an opinion that the pecte d that Wednesday at Buckin gham Palace to make their dutiful inqui- kitchen , and there I found her. She appeared as if she Majesty and the infant Prince. funds should be provided by the voluntary subscri ption of ri es after the state of her all classes doubts in th e minds had been dr agged from the kitchen to the position in d of the nobility and gentry , said there were still some which she was found. Her head was laying on a heap of Upwards of one thou san of some as to the effect which the exhibition would have was not in the kitchen when I went called on Thursday at Bucking ham Palace to read the on the trade of the metropolis :— car pet. The carpet bulletin of her Majesty 's health. Her Majesty and the out. I then ran out of the house and gave an alarm. going on favourably. " Now, what was this project? In the firs t place , from May When I returned I went up stairs , and I discovered the infant Prince are of next year till September , there would be an influ x of at least and I am 1,000,000 persons into the metropolis—such a gather ing as the fri ght ful consequences of the state she was in, metropoli s had never seen before . Who would suffer from that ? satisfied she was murdered. [Here the witness in a most The Duche ss of Kent , accompanied by the Prince of Would not the lodging-house-keeper , the hotel tavern-keeper , excited state beat the table with his fists , and said , Leinengen , went to Kew on Monday and paid a visit to the tradesma n, the cabman , the humblest artisan—w ould not all ' Murd ered—murdered. You may return what verd ict the Duke and Duchess of Cambrid ge. benefit by the influx of so many stran gers , and the necessity of you like, but I say * murdered/ It is fri ghtful that nei- The Duke and Duchess of Cam brid ge went from Kew finding accommodation for them ?" ther life nor propert y is safe in this country. '] I found to Clarem ont on Tuesday , and paid a visit to the Coun t A protection meeting, attended by between 2000 and every place bro ken open. All my papers , deeds , ban k er 's and Countess de Neuilly and her Majest y the Queen of 3000 landowners and farmers , was held at Ely, on receipts , an d other things were all thrown about the place. the Belgians. Thursday. It was addressed by the Earl of Hardwicke , I missed a gold watch , about three or four poun ds in The Queen of the Belgian s visited the Queen on Sa- Mr. Elliott Yorke , M.P., Mr. Townley, M.P., and several money, and a coat. I canno t say what I have missed yet, turday at Buckingham Palace. She was received on her other speakers in favour of a return to the protective as I have been so excited by the matter. I cannot say ar rival at the Vauxhall station from Claremont by system. whether she had much money by her , but I think she had Prince Albert , who accompanied her to the Palace. The On Thursday afternoon a deputation , consisting of a poun d or two by her. I had paid her wages abou t a Queen of the Belgians partook of luncheo n with her medical gentlemen of the metropolis and the larg er week before. I paid her £2 10s. I do not know that Maiestv and Prince Albert. towns in the United King dom , waited upon Sir George she had any followers. I did not allow her to have any. The Court Circ ular of Thursday annou nced that his Grey, at the Home-office , for the purpose of representing I did not object to her friends coming if she did it Royal Highness Prince Albert honoured the Duke of to him the necessity which exists for the grant of a royal open ly. I do not know that she had ajiy enemies. It Wellington with a visit at Apsley House on Wednesday . charte r for the incor poration of general medical practi- was not her that they came after. It was my property ." It is now understood that his Royal Highness did so at tioners into an independent college. [Here Mr. Madd le agai n went off into an incoherent the express desire of her Majesty , in orde r to convey to An act ive movement has been made in Hastings to pe- strain of language , abusing the jud ges an d juri es for the noble duke the intimation that it was her Majesty 's tition the House of Commons for the repeal of the window not han ging everybod y that was broug ht before gra cious intention to have the newly born prince bap- duty. A committee , meeting at the Marine Hotel , con- them. " Some old villain like Rush has done this ," tized by the name of "Ar thur ," as a testimonia l of her sisting of gentlemen of all political parties (Mr. Alder- said the witness. " This is giving the prisoner the high person al regard for his grace , an d in commemora- man Clift in the chair), una nimously passed resolutions bene fit of a doubt ! I used to turn them round ! "When tion of the grea t and important services he had rendered for this purpose. The petition having been adopted by I was a young man , an d used to be on juries , I would han g to his country. It will be remembe red that the day in the committee , an d signed by '* seven hundred " house- them. " ] In rep ly to the Coroner , the witness add ed :— quest ion was also the natal day of the noble duke , which holders , headed by the mayor , and followed by the clergy, " An att empt was made to break open my house about gives a further interest to this determination on the part magistracy, munici pal authorities , and the medical pro- two months ago. When I went out I ordered the de- of the Queen.—Daily News. fession, &c , almost all electors sor the boroug h, has cease d to prepare a dinner. There was no appearance of been entruste d to Lor d Duncan for presentation. The any preparation when I came home. There was no members for the boroug h , and eastern division of the fire. " The Bishop of Clogher (Lord Robert Tottenham) died county , have been requeste d to support the prayer of the At this stage of the examination , the inquest was ad- on Fri day night week of inflammation of the chest , from petition. The committee , before departing, unanimously journ ed to Monday week. cold. Clogher is the last of the suppressed Bishoprics. expressed their great surprise at the unaccountable ab- It would seem that chloroform was used by the robbers Its reven ues , amountin g to £13,000, will be transferred sence of both their members on the late division upon to keep the housekeeper quiet , an d that too large a dose to the Board of Ecclesiastical Commissioners. Lord Duncan 's motion for the repeal of the window- was given her . A man was seen to leave the house of Lor d Goug h arrived in Dublin on Friday evening. A tax , and requested the chairman to* communicate the Mr.Maddle , an d a person answering his descrip tion had round of banquets in honour of his visit to his native same. been endeavouring to purchase chloroform on Satu rday country are in preparation in Dublin , Limerick , and The British Museum was closed on Tuesday last , and evening, at a chem ist's in the Blackfriars-road. The Clonme l. _ „ „„ „ will continue shut till Tuesday next , in order that the police are satis fied that the robbery was not committed The rema ins of the young Duchess of M arlborough reading-ro oms and museum may be thoroughly cleansed; by regular han ds. The drawers were forced by a small were interred on Friday week in the family mausoleum it will be then reopened to the public. chisel , taken out of Mr. Maddle 's own tool-chest. at Blenheim Palace. In the Court of Common Council the other day, great Mr. Maddle appears unable to give the least assistance^ A letter of the 22nd ult., from Cannes , says that Lord objectio ns were made to the brick building now being in tracin g the property, not knowing what he has lost, Broug ham has latterly astonished the natives by pleadin g raised on the Surrey side of London Brid ge, near the and unab le to describe even his gold watch , thoug h he his own cause in French in some trial before the tr ibunal Bridge Hou se Tavern. We do not wonder at it. It is had had it for years. of Grasse , chef lieu of the arrondisseme nt. an ug ly pile, sadly in the way .—Builder. An awful series of murders was committed on Tuesday, Letters have been received in Dublin from Mrs. Moore , The authorities at the National Gallery have received at Ingestre , in Staffordshire. Mr. Yarker , Earl Talbot 's stating that the condition of her husban d is such as to the official instructi ons for the removal of the Vernon head gamekeeper , had been suffering from delirium leave no room for doubt that his case is beyond the reach collection from Trafal gar square to Marlborough House , trome n8 ; the man who had charge of him incautiously of medical aid or chance of recovery. the resid ence of the late Queen Dowager , where the col- allowed him to go out with him to shoot jackdaws. They Mr. Gorh am's son has addressed a letter to the news- lection will be opened to the public on Whit-Monday. had proceeded about a mile, when Yarker shot his com- papers deny ing that he is about to join the Church of At the suggestion of her Majesty , the Commissioners pan ion , returned home and shot the servant girl who Rome. of Woods and Forests are about to make a series of im- was at tea with an infant in her arms , fired at his sister On Tuesday afternoon , at half-past three o' clock , the portan t impro vements in Kensington. The houses in and slightly wounded her ; then ran from the house , and , usual ceremon y of betrothment and exchange of rings Hig h.- street , dire ctly opposite the Queen 's-road , newly his wife following him , he shot her ; and he concluded by took place, at the palace of his Royal Hig hness Prince formed , will be thro wn down , and a road will be con- shooting himself. The wretched man and his three Frederick of the Netherlands , between her Royal High- structed therefro m into Bro mpton ; a direct communica - victims are dead. ness the Princ ess Louisa , eldest daug hter of Prince Fre- tion from the latter place to Bayswater will thus be A young woman , named Elizab eth Vicar s, and her derick , and his Royal Highness the Crown Prince of acquired. The old barracks at Kensington will be mother , residing at Belper , have been committed to pri - Sweden and Norwa y. thrown down , and a new pile of buildings will be erected son for the mur der of a female child, ten days old , of Miss Clara Novello, who married an Italian nobleman , in lieu of them in another part of the grounds. —John which the young woman was the mother . In the cottage the Count Gigliucci, has returned to the opera tic stage , Bull. where they lived the sum of £64 12s. 9£d. in coin was and recent accounts speak largel y of her success. A The man sion in Great Queen-street , in which resided found by the constable who apprehended them. The two private letter state s that her engagement at Florence Sir Godfrey Kneller , the celebrated painter , and which women are said to have supported themselves by begging. has terminate d, and that before her departu re she sang was designed and erected for him expressly by Ini go Charles Jo pling, an embosser , was charged at the at a gran d concer t given by the Grand Duke—a n unusual Jones , is announc ed for sale by auction. Mary lebone-office , on Tuesday, w ith an endeavour to compliment , the practice ordinaril y being to have no It appears surprising in a country like this that there administer choloform to his sweetheart , for the purpose other than the two court singers. The Novello was iu shoul < be no memorial, not even an inscription , to mark of surpris in g her. The young woman stated that she treaty with the directors of the Opera-house s both of the spot at Runnymede where the Magna Oharta of every was walkin g home with him at night from an entert ain- Nap les and St. Pete rsburg, but , it is added , she is likely Eng lishman 's rig hts received the sign manual of King ment. " They stood talking for a short time in the road to visit Eng land about the middle of May. John , in the twelfth century, throug h the firmness of the near her aunt 's dwelling, and he after wards took her Ludwi g Tieck , the celebrated writer , is dange rousl y ill. barons. The site at present is occupied as a race- down a yard , where he acted towar ds her in a very im- The marriag e of the Duke of Genoa with the Pr incess cour se, with an unsi ghtl y stand in the centre. —Builder. proper manner. She asked him what right he had thus Elizabeth of Saxony was celebrated at Dresden on the The first stone has been laid of a handsome edifice near to insult her , upon which he uncorked a phial , and , 21st of April. Emsworth , in the Elizabethan style, intended as an asy- having poured the contents on his handkerchief , applied It is reported th at Prince Metternich is about to return lum for six decayed merchants of London , and to be it to her nose and mouth. She immediately raised her to Austria , and that he will be appointed Chance llor of called Stanstead College. The stone was laid last week hand , thrust the handkerchief from her , and then called the Emp ire. by Mr. Dixon. The estimated cost of the building is as loudly as she could for the assistan ce of the police. The Countess Belgiojoso arrived at Smyrna on the £6000. Each of the inmate s is to have £50 per annum , The handkerchief was found to be satu rated with chloro- 9th ult., with her daughter and twelve Lombar d refugees ; and a separate apartmen t , and " spiritual , medical , and form. The prisoner declined say ing anyth ing then , and the whole party immediately left for Const antino ple. domestic attendance. " The grounds contain about five he was remanded for a week. The Emperor Nicholas is expected to arrive at Warsaw acres ; there will be a hand some terrace ; for exercise in on the 24th instant. , . ., wet weather a noble vestibule , and for dinner a commo- The American , Guell , who eloped with one of the dious entrance hall. The sum of £50 per annum will be MISCELLANEOUS . Spanish King Consort 's sisters , is to be made Duke of provided for the domestics , besides board and residence his estates in a house attached to the college. On Monda y the Queen and Prin ce Albert took a drive Tamarind. Tamarind is the name of one of the in Cuba. . . , Messrs. Attwood , Spooner , and Co., refuse to sub- in an open carriage , and on Tuesda y her Maj esty and was concluded scribe any money towards the Industrial Exhibition of Prince walk ed in Bucking ham-gardens. On "Wed nesday A morganatic , or left-han ded mar ria ge an- on Saturday last , between Prin ce Adalbert , the son of 1861. because they " consider it very unj ust and very morning the Queen ' s physician s issued a bulletin # to encourage foreigners nouncing that she had been safely delivered of a pnn oe Prince Albrech t, and Ther& e Elssler , the sister of the unfair to our own. manufactur ers [Satpr !28 ®B« |L*ll ]re« * pat, .. ————— ~~~——^—^———belong to the^—^ democratic—— party,— here The suit of Mra. Lakin against her husb and for resti- Saxon nat ion for the to send the productions of their indust ry to be sold , Court of Saxon Government beeomes daily weaker and weaker upon most if not upon tution of conjugal ri ghts was decided in the in rivalry of our own, free of duty The couple were married ln lSdb^ , and seems to be but a toy in the hands of Austria , or the whole of them , whilst th ey utterl y repud iate a similar Arches on Tuesday. rather of the concealed Cabinet of Metternich ." into their terri- and h ave had six children. In October last Mr. Lakin free admission of English manufactu res they have lived sepa- The Erfur t session was closed on the 29th of Apri l. tor ies." [This is either a very gross misconception of the left his wife, an d since that time fixed for the reassemb ling. admitt ed duty rate. No defence was mad e on the part of the husband . No time is proje ct, or worse: the specimens will be Lakin must take his wife The Cologne Gazette of the 1st of May says, " What ree for exhibition only.] The Court decreed that Mr. f , in bond, home and treat her with conj ugal affection , , autoc ratic Austri a did not venture to do under Metter - The Arctic expediti on, in sear ch of Sir Joh n Franklin , Sunderlan d , nieh , constitu tional Austria has done publicl y and offi- Cap tain Austin, is to sail from Mr. David Barclay, the late member for un der the comman d of ing, on Satu rday week. He cially, viz., recal l the Jesu its. In the official journal of Greenhithe this day (Saturd ay). Sir J ames Boss and n arro wly escape d dro wn Verona we read the decree of installation , signed ships, declare that lives at Eastwick-par k , near Leather head, m Surr ey On with. Captain Parr y, who have visited the Dorkmg was visited by a Radetzky 's own hand , whereby these worthies have the no Arctic expediti on was ever so well fitted out as that day the neighbourh ood of localities assigned to them. Cardinal Boss s expedition terrific Btorm , durin g which Mr. Bar clay was ridin g to necessary Schwart z- Captain Austi n's is. Capt ain Sir J ohn Charl es Barclay , at Bury- enberg is most zealously interest ed in the matt er , and dis- Joh n Fran klin is now provided for by the hnn«e of his brother. Mr. cash with a liberal hand. in search of Sir hill. At one end of Milto n-court Pon d, which supplies penses the needful Their net subscr ipt ions within £400. Lady Fran klin s expedition , of the rapid cur- is spread widely. Vienna has been omitted , pr obabl y of Comman der Codnngton .fc orsyth , an overshot wheel below, the roarin g under the direc tion floodgate frightened Mr. Barclay 's pony, to prevent the young men front coming into contentio n is also in active pre paration. Lady Franklin has sub- re nt through the rider with its spiritual excitement. Nevertheless , their influence fund for that purpose. The and , backin g towards the pond , the pony and its scribed £1000 towards the depth of from twelve to four- has been secured in the highest quarter ; the future father Americ an expedition , consisting of two pmall vessels, is were precipitated into a Court is to be a Minister of the orde r the whole of the four teen feet of wat er , with a strong current towards th e confessor of the of also nearly completed ; so that hteen years of age , saw the Jesuits ." expeditions on this sacred mission will soon be on the floodgates. A youth , abou t eig instant ly ran to the spot, an d succeeded in hold- The cor respondent of the Daily News asserts that the way to the Pola r reg ions. . the fall , crowd which welcomed the Pope on his entrance to Lymington has resulted in the return ing Mr. Barcla y by the hai r till some other persons came The contest at their exert ions Mr. Barclay was Rome consisted of seven or eight thousand priests and of the free tra de and financial reform candidate. The to his assista nce. By by the police, and as many thiev es 121 Stewart , 103. Mr. brou ght safe to the bank , and , after a few hours rest , he monks , reinforced numbers polled were—Hut chins , , able to endure removal to and vagabon ds as they could muster. The people kept Stewart resigned at about three p.m. was so far recovered as to be ««This is his brother 's residenc e. . , . away. The people did not illuminate. the The half- yearly meeting of the shareholders of the the basin at. real truth ; all the rest is official mensong e.'* The Morn - Great Indian Peninsul ar Railway was held on Monday at A young woman thr ew her self into CharinR . cross , on Tuesday evening , but was taken out ing Chronic le confirm s this state ment , and says the aver- the London Tavern. From the report rea d it appears had oeen periorra- sion to th e Pope is so great that the people , when they that the engineering staff of the compa ny had reached before life was extinct. She said she ing the rite of baptism accord ing to her belief,—by see him approach , " ru n under doorway s and into shops Bombay in Febru ary ; and, when the accounts were de- From her incoherent " " spatched by the last Indian mail, nine miles of the line immersion ; she being a Baptist. to avoid him. . exclamations it appeared that she had become mad on the Some disturb ances have taken place in the Romagna , had been staked out, an d was read y to be proceeded with. on the occasion of the fetes given in honour of the Pope's Should the East Indi a Company do what it can now to subject of reli gion. „ ,„ w •»«¦ v. Bologna several persons were unde rtaking, it is believed J. H. Twizell, eldest son of Mr . Wawn , Member for* return to Rome. At accelerate the prog ress of this in the Tyne , on Satur day, arrest ed for the singular rea son that they eried " Viva that the line will be completed considerabl y within the Sout h Shields , while fishing indication below the fell into the water , in a fit of apop lexy, and was drowned. Pio IX.," which is now considered an of time specified, at an expense a good deal Duke-street , at revolution ary tendencie s. The orth odox cry is " Viva il original estimate. There is a very lucky house in Great annual Newport , Monmout hshire , from which , during the past Pa pa The Art-Un ion of Londo n held its fourteent h ladies, bearing no Radetzk y has granted permission to the Jesuits to re-* meetin g, at Drury Lan e Theatre , on Tuesday, the Duke nine years , no less than ten young relationshi p to each other , have proc eeded , on fine turn to th eir homes in Venice and Verona , from which of Cambrid ge in the chair. The Council reported sub- of their were expelled in 1848 — Vienna paper. 850, to the amount of £11,180 8s. mornings , to the Hymeneal altar , with the men cities they scri ptions for 1 understand tha t numerou s unmarried mem- On April 18. the Pope blessed the Fre nch army at Meetin gs have been held in London , during the week , choice. We balcony was erected in front Bible Society, the Colonial bers of the delectable sex have been induced by their Rome. A large , hand some of the British and Foreign ings from the last " luck y of St. Peter 's, an d 10,000 French troops occupied the Church Society , the Churc h Missionary Society , the mammas to inquire for lodg great doors of the Christian Youn g lady." — Monm outh Merlin. . great squa re. The Pope appeared at the Wesley an Missionary Society, has a placar d in his the church about half-past four o' clock , an d in an instant Men 's Associat ion , the Horticu ltural Society, the General A draper in a town of Yorkshire the Irish window to the following effect:— " Woollen and linen the whole of the army prese nted arms , kneeling on one Domestic Servant 's Benevolent Institution , Ferrand' s while the Castl e of St. Angelo commenced a Society, the Camd en Society, and the Sunday School goods , warranted free from cotton. " Mr. knee , wool-gather ing league has, no doub t , suggeste d the idea. salute of 101 guns. When he stretched fcrth his hands , Union. Mr. William Walker , mayor of Leicester , say ing Benedictio Dei omnipote ntis, %c , "t housands Several Irish estates were sold on Tuesday before the We recollect a emotion and several of the Commissioners. In several cases being kni ghte d by George IV., and the first document were quite overcome with Encumbered Esta tes " Sir William sold iers burst into tears ." hey did not br ing more tha n ten year s purchase. he signed afterwa rds was as follows :— t Night Mare. " — Shr opshire Conservative. The munici pality of Florence have refused to be pre- The Nation stat es tha t the tenant confer ence will be Walker , lottery reestablishe d since the in the latter end of May, when lt the In t he church yard of Stanhop e the following specimen sent at the dra wing of the held in Dublin of pure Latinity occurs , celebratin g the erector of a return of the Gra nd Duke. tenant societies of the four provinces will have an oppor- is possitus fuit ab movement , says the Ham burg Free tunity of compari ng their views, an d tak ing measures perishable monumen t:— " Hie lap A Republic an unjeo Georg io Dissenta rio Ministro. " —African Press , has brok en out in Iceland , and the Danish together. " ejus filio. The maintenanc e of evening, were Journal. governor has been driven away. Letters , written in London on Fri day monopol y of Copenhagen , of which the delivered in Dublin on Saturda y forenoon , between the commercial time for answers to the Republican Party m Icelanders have long complained , is the cause of the eleven and twelve o'clock , affordin g A morning iournal describ es Two steamers have been sent with troo ps to b& forwarded by the Holy head mail leaving Kingston at France as 4l that yelping Cerb erus which has Liberty, outbrea k. collar. " chastise the insurgents. # . one p.m. _ •-. . _ ,. ., , ._ ,. . ,__ . , Fraternity , and Equa lity upon its has reached Tr ieste of a rising against the In all the Roma n Catholic dioceses throu ghout Ireland The Austrian Ministerial Council has resolved that the Information and Prague be Governor of Samos. The Divan was about to send a a To Deum has been ordered by the respective Bishops , rais ing of the Rta te of siege of Vienna Pasha , to assist for the safe restorat ion of his Holiness the postponed sine die. military force , unde r the command of a in thanksgiving the authorities. , Pope to his dominions. A Pcsth journal states that much excitement prevails . barrels , because , while no I 'A vessel from New York has broug ht fifty-eight The torn ado which committed such devastation in among the Israeliti sh mercha nts her cargo , the produce of the Dublin on Satu rday week , appears to have visited the excise duties are required of the Chris tian merchants for of mutton as a portion of North of Scotland also. The Invern ess Courier states import goods , th ose dut ies are rigorous ly enforced by the United States. communi on. The seaport town of Lagua yra has been destroyed by that no fewer than ten thousand tree s were uprooted in mag istrates on those of the Israei itish left standing. The loss is Strathspey by the gale of that evening. The numbe r of journ als now publish ed in the Austrian fire. Onl y two houses wer e are German , 50 estimated at two millions of dollars. A few nights ago a threa tening notice was posted on emp ire amount to 179—of wh ich 92 de Jane iro bring melancho ly the house-d nor of Timothy Doonican , a farmer residin g Italian , 28 Sclavon ian , 7 Hunga rian , an d 2 Romaic. The last ships from Rio , a case par ticipation in the murder accoun ts of th e ravages of fever. The deaths were from near Birr. The notice bore a sketch of a coffin The prisoners convicte d of utm ost terror prevailed amon g of pistols, an d a blunder buss , and intima ted that , if any of Counts Auers wald and Lichnowski have been sen- 100 to 200 daily, and the person attempte d to take the widow Fern 's land , they tenced— Lud wig to imprisonment for life in chains , all classes. lty, Pflug to five In Cuba , Americ an visitors are under the stricte st sur- might be prepared to meet their doom ere long. Georg to twenty years of the same pena y a projecte d expedi- The cholera , it is said , has made its appearance at an d a half years , Korber to six months , and Dietrich to veillance , for fear of an invasion b and in Bagenals- tion. The military of the island is increased , an d rob- Castlecomer , in the county of Kilkenny, one year 's detention . the soldiery are not tow n , in the adjoinin g county of Carlow. In the former T he new Eng l ish fog-signals are to be tried on the beries and murders by some of , which are uncommon. locality there have been five cases, three of which have Vienna rai lways. During a fog these signals in. Toron to on the proved fatal , one recovere d, an d one still under treat- about the size and thick ness of a count er , are laid across A destruc tive flood was experience d 3rd of Apri l, aris ing from the unusual quanti ty of rain . ment. In the latter there have been six cases , two of the lin e and instantly explode with the report of a away . ¦which resulted in death , the remain der being under can non when br ought into contact with the wheels of M any houses , bri dges, &c. had been swept Famine an d typ hus are rendering the provin ce of treatmen t . the locomotive. Travellers , th erefor e, as a sine qu d nont Majorca is The pre ssure of pauperism in Ireland appears to be must he prepare d to hav e nerves to encoun ter these fog- Murcia the Ir eland of Spain. The island of considerab ly less than it was last year. In Cork the signals. almost in as bad a condition. . several Dis- An importan t discovery has been mad e in the neigh- poor- rate recentl y levied is only one shilling in the The Prussia n Governmen t has placed the bed of coal , spe- pound , instead of four shillings or five shillings during senting religious bodies of the king dom under the law of bourhood of Erzei oum , of an extensive publio meetings. cimens of which have been distributed to the consula r the fiiin iue. M arch 1 1, re ferring to the clubs and Erzer oum has Mr. George Mathewa , a confidential clerk in Dublin In virtue of this construction of the law , a police agent bod y in the locality. The province of and interrupt the pray- hitherto been without combu stible materials , and the Castle , to whose care the distribution of the Mcgium may be present at divine service , of the cattle. Donutn and of other trust funds had been committed , is ers or discourses when he thinks fit. only fuel of the poor is the dri ed dun g at Berne has just decreed The country, thoug h very producti ve , is excessively cold, na id to bo a defaulter to the amount of £3000. It is The National Coun cil sittin g as twenty-n ve state d that another person , connected with a different that the Frenc h moneta ry system shall be carried out in and the thermom eter descends as low degrees below zero. The importance of this discovery departm ent , is under suspension , ponding an investi ga- Switzerland. As the Council of the States had alread y but tion of accounts . vote d it in Decembe r , this decree of the Federal Assembly mav be therefore read ily app reciated , and is probably the prelude to other and more valuable ones. The Lostwithiel powder-works , at Herod' s Foot , five now beeome8 an obligatory law. of Agriculture , Liak eanl exploded In Marien werder the old sentenoe of death by breaking The three Fr ench Counc ils General miles wost of , at nine o' clock on Friday Manufactures , and Commerce recommend tha t , in con- ni ght , the 26th ultimo. There wer e throe or four tons of alivp on the wheel , " from beneat h , upwar ds ," has just pr ovisions bpen pronounc ed on a woman named Lempock , for the formity with the ministerial proposition , the gunpowde r in store , which went off in three different at twelve hours the work per day in explosions. The buildings were blown to pieces, and murder of her stepdaug h ter , a child five years of age. of the bill fixing buri ed her alive , thoug h, as she says in manufactorie s shall for the present be only applied to two men killed. She deliber ately master holdin g a paten t , ana On Sunda y mornin g the greate r part of the premises her con fession , " she resisted and shrieked dreadfull y." manufactories directed by a s hands behind her , forced her into a occupying at least ten workme n or work women , lhe of Messrs. Caird and Co., eng ineers , Arthur -street , She tied the child' that , from motives of Cart sily ke , was laid waste by (i re. The amount of da- hole , and covered her with the earth , even after she Council have also resolved ia at She told the neigh- humanity and morality, work shall henceforth be inter- ma*^ estimated from £30,000 to £35,000, and the henrd the stifled cries of the victim. however , the par tiall y insu r ed . bours the child had been sent to some relations. Neither dicted on Sundays and legal holidays , with , promise s were but of branches of trade and commerce in which At a recent mooting of tho guardians of the Wilton on tho trial nor in the confession did the woman exhibit exception also deran gement. The sentence in the form suspension cannot be convenientl y made. It was union it wus unanimousl y agree d that the salar ies of all any signs of Hay s work of children of from eight to officers receiving loss than £70 per annum should he pronounc ed is never carried into execution. reso lved that the ' gambling-houses have been reestablished twelve years , sha ll be reduced to six hours a-da y. A re duced 7.J por cent. , an d of those above that amount 10 The publio girls , of from twelve to sixteen , per cent. The guardians of tho Tiabury union some time at Wiesbaden. proposition that boys and Jour nal, one of the moderate papers, not knowing how to read and write , shall also be em- sinoe cume to a resolution to roduce tho salaries of all tho Tho Fra n/c/ori was rejected after a brief officers of that establi shment 15 per rent., but the Poor - describes the state of Saxony a$ " very precarious for ployed six hours a day , law hoard have refused to sanction such reduotion. the new G overnment ." " Almost nine-tenths of the discussion. 129 May 4, 1850.] ffif) * &$gfr *t+ -was not one in which the Crown [The following appeared in our Second Edition of that they should come forward and offer that relief ; and, show that the case last week. on an occasion like the present, when we are asked as a could properly appear as prosecutor. After a short \ matter of course to form ourselves into a committee of conversation the subject dropped. supply to vote away the taxes which, are wrung from a POSTSCRIPT. suffering community, the most suffering part of which it Satubday, April 27. is our unhappy lot to represent, it is not too much to tell Cape of Good Hope papers to the 3rd of March the Government that the time is gone by when it can be have arrived. They are filled with accounts of re- the House of Commons went into committee a matter of course for any Ministers to have a committee joi cing The Neptune left Simon's Bay on the 21st Before by the Anti- of supply last evening, Mr. Diskaeli said he thought of supply while their financial exposition is still imper- of February. £100 had been raised they ought not to vote any more money till they fect—I will not say disgracefully imperfect, for hard Convict Association to be distributed among the phrases do not mend a case ; and when a part o f its colonists celebrated their triumph, were put in possession of the financial statement for on of a suffering in- convicts. The year. It was of great importance that this state- completion is, the relief from taxati with ringing of bells and with a brilliant illumina- the terest of the community. I invite her Majesty's Ministers, was appointed for a " Gene- ment should be made early in the year, and to do before they expect us to vote away the public funds, to tion. The 8th of March Government justice they had begun early enough ral Public Thanksgiving to Almighty God for the the come forward and tell us distinctly whether they mean to calamity in the session ; but unfortunately the budget, which proceed with another attempt to complete their budget deliverance of the colony from the dreadful was opened nearly two months ago, was not yet on their original scheme, and if not, what they propose with which it had been threatened." finished. In 1848 the Government began their to do for the relief of the suffering agricultural classes of Rome continues quiet. The Pope has visited the financial statement on the 17th of February, and did this country." French hospital to distribute yqsaries, medajs, &e. bring it to a close until the 25th of August. This was his first excursion. His reception was very not Lord John Russell did not think it worth while— le avoided the « I will shortly remind the House of that remarkable ( Cheers from the Ministerial benches)—to delay the cold : no applause was heard, and peop , for we may be about to enter into circum- streets through which he was passing. circumstance business of the House for such unimportant in- in course of stances of a similar nature, and her Majesty's Govern- formation as Mr. Disraeli had just been giving them. A corps of Gendarmerie Mobile is ment may be about to adopt the same identical career organization at Rome for the service of the Pope, , her Besides, the greater part of that information was , with that of the year 1848. In the year 1848 more plain than the It will be composed of volunteers from the French Majesty 's Ministers, in the course of the finan cial exposi- incorrect. Nothing could be army, with the consent of the Government of the , got entangled with the sugar duties. Her Majesty 's course which the Chancellor of the Exchequer pro- and 1000 tion he (Lord John) Republic, and consist of 2000 infantry Ministers, in 1848, produced a new Sugar Bill that was posed to pursue, and, therefore, cavalry. not successful . They withdrew it, and produced a second should decline the invitation to go into detail President Sugar Bill was intends to do. But, as The Moniteur publishes a decree by the one, which met a similar fate. A third respecting what Government of the Republic, reducing the expeditionary army in. produced , and all those bills were accompanied with Mr. Disraeli had called attention to the policy of Mi-r General Gemeau. schedules, as we see in recent bills, schedules very simi- nisters, he (Lord John) could not help calling atten- Italy to one division, commanded by those schedules that were lately criticized in this General Baraguay d'Hilliers ig authorised to re* lar to tion to the wavering and inconsistent policy which seat in the National house so successfully—(laughter) —that her Majesty's that gentleman had pursued. At the opening of the turn to France, and resume his Ministers at this time find themselves in the same posi- session he had propounded a plan of finance, which, Assembly. tion as in the year 1848." The Court pf Cassation in France gave, on Thurs* whether advisable or not as a whole, had this grand judgment, deciding that ac- Is there to be the same delay this year ? Nearly feature in it, that there was always to be a consider- day, a most importan t two months have already elapsed, yet no one knows cording to the terms of the law of July 27, 1849, it is able surplus over expenditure for the purpose of a itings or newspapers, even in-^ what Ministers intend to do. sinking-fund to keep the funds high. Such was the not allowable to sell wr great importance, especially after the late side houses, without being furnished either with a •' It is of scheme at the opening of Parliament ; but, no sooner of the Prefect division or divisions of that kind, that her Majesty 's Go- was the amendment negatived than Mr. Disraeli bookseller's license, or an authorisation vernment should tell us whether they will proceed, I will policy ; and for the last month, of Police. stamps, for began to change his insurrection is said to be gaming not say with their measure respecting the whenever anybody brought forward a motion, whe- The Bosnian that Treasure is entirely given up, but whether they ground. One fortified place after the other opens its introduce ther it were paper, or marine insurances, or anything intend to introduce a new measure. If they agricultural gates to the revolutionary party, which is well sup- a new measure, they are again, we may say, commencing else, however little it might affect the plied with arms and ammunition. All the Turkish, their financial exposition. All that has happened interest, from whomever it might come—it might be employes have been driven out of Turkish Croatia, hitherto is the repeal of one excise duty ; but no person from Mr. Milner Gibson, or any person entertaining Disraeli and his and it is reported that the Vizier of Bosnia has been can say that is the budget of the Government. All that strong opinions on free trade—Mr. dismissed by the Porte, and Osman, the Pasha of recommends it is, that it repeals the duty on an article friends had been only eager to diminish the revenue , appointed in his stead. of excise ; and as it is the repeal of an excise duty, and below the expenditure. The course they were pur- the Herzegovina not of a customs duty, it is recognized as a salutary suing now was calculated to bring the revenue below principle. I know it is usually supposed that some the expenditure, and impair the national credit:— The following is a list of May meetings to take indulgence is always to be exhibited towards the finances place, mostly to be held in Exeter-hall :— Ministry. (A laugh ) We cannot, it is " Some persons might fancy that, if this were done, of a Whig of Commons would find itself obliged to reim- Wesleyan Missionary, April 29; Naval and Military considered , expect that the Government should excel in the House pril 29; Church (Laughter.) The foreign policy of the Go- pose those taxes for protection— (loud cheers from the Bible, April 29; Church Missionary, A every branch. and counter-cheers) —those taxes on corn , on Instruction , April 30 ; British and Foreign Bible, May vernment, by its peremptory decrees, maintains the dig- Opposition, y, May 1; Colonial Church , , and , by its numerous blockades, vindi- provisions, and other articles of general consumption , 1: Prayer Book and Homil nity of the country been the policy of late Governments May l; London City Mission , May 2 ; Irish Society , cates the supremacy of the seas. (Cheers and laughter.) which it had May 2; Church of Eng- The Colonial-office , by its ingfnuity in manufacturing to reduce, and, by the cheer which he had heard — May 2 ; Sunday School Union , (renewed cheers , which drowned the rest of the sentence). land Young Men's Society, May 2 ; London Society for constitutions, upholds the well-won reputation of this Tract Society, May 8 ; Voluntary by oing the patrons of Liberalism throughout Well, really it seemed, he must say, a roost wild-goose Jews, May 3; Religious country b imagine that because a certain number of gen- School Association, May 3; Sailors' Home and Asylum, the world— (Laughter ) —and there is always in the chase to Hibernian , May 5 ; British and Foreign pigeon holes of a Whig cabinet a traditionary policy tlemen had voted with them for the reduction of the tax May 4; London or paper that they would thereby find them- School. Mav 6: Church Pastoral Aid, May 6 ; London that inevitably renders Ireland rich and England con- on windows, , Pastoral Aid, May 7; Pre- (Laug hter.) These are things that compensate selves in a majority in favour of the restoration of pro- Missionary, May 6 ; Church tented. and that a majority would be found to restore vention of Cruelty to Animals, May 7; London Hibernian, for an apparent deficit , and sometimes for supporting a tection, Missionary, May 8 ; Town Mission and proposition to double the income-tax. (Laughter and that which went to enhance the price of food in this May 8 ; London (Dep recatory l No, no!' from the Protection- Scripture Readers', May 9 ; Ragged School Union , May cheers.) And I agree with the majority of the House country— Foreign Sailors May 14; British and that the finances of the country is a subject that should ists, and cheers from other quarters). He must say that 14; British and '. a more visionary expectation never appeared to have en- Foreign Sailors', May 15 ; British Reformation, May 16 ; always be treated with indulgence ; but there is a limit 1 Festival of Sons of Clergy, May 16; Ladies' Negro Edu- even to Parliamentary patience, and as two months have tered the mind of man—(Renewed cheers). ' 21; Propagation of exposition from the cation, May 20; Foreign Aid, May elapsed since we had their financial In allusion to certain remarks of the Duke of Rich- the Gospel June 19. Government , and , so far as we can form an opinion , there , mond th-it the farmers were beginning to ask for a Dr. Murray has ordered Te Bcuma for the Pope's is no prospect whatever of their ideas being fulfilled and interest on the National Debt, Lord completed , I think it would be indiscreet on our part reduction of the return in every Roman Catholic church and chapel in money without giving those John said : — his diocese. _ hastil y to vote the public . a writ.. of gentlemen an opportunity of clearly telling us what their " He did not think it wise that such notions should be The Court of Queen's Bench has ordered intentions are." set afloat , especial l y in high places. He believed that no mandamus to the corporation of Dublin, commanding notion would obtain any credence or support them to proceed to the election of a Lord Mayor. Ihe As for the Stamp Act, he assumed that no more such the name of Mr. Samuel aggravated case of Ministerial amongst the people of England generally; and he application , which was made in would be heard of that thought really that it would be far better if honourable Wauchob, was for the issue of a peremptory mandamus ; incompetence. What, then , is to be done with the gentlemen opposite , instead of abandoning all their own but the court, notwithstanding the arguments pressed by surplus ? Ministers have declared their intention to views in order to endeavour to get into a majority by fol- Mr. Brewster in support of the application , made the employ a portion of it in granting relief to the agri- lowing in the train of his right honourable friend the order conditional, with six day s' notice to show cause. cultural interest : if such is their intention, why not member for Manchester, would resort to their own po- Two soldiers of the Seventy-fourth Highlanders com- announce it ? Agricultural distress is not less severe licy, and would state plainl y to the House whether they mitted suicide at the Clonmel Barracks, on Monday last, than it was two months ago :— intended to adhere to Protection or to abandon it, whe- while in a state of intoxication , by shooting themselves reserve for some future occasion, their own muskets. " Now, we are told by a high authority, a member of ther they kept it in with resultingm place, that this unprece- or whether, as in fact he believed was the case, though A deputation , to represent the injury to the the Government in another venture to say it to the farmers of this planters of Ceylon and other colonies, from the adultera- dented depression of the agricultural classes is an excep- they did not , substances , an tional case ; but exceptional in what respect ? Are we to country, they utterly despaired of regaining a protective tion of coffee with chicory and other had duty. interview with Earl Grey on Thursday, at the Colonial- understand that low prices are exceptional ? Why, I " flR /ID thought it was to obtain low prices you changed your Manners denied that the Protectionists I cannot agree that the cir- Lord John Mr. William Hall, a farmer, charged Moses Annetts, legislation. (Hear, hear.) were regardless of maintaining public credit. Mr. a labourer , with pulling him off his horse on the high cumstances are exceptional , and it is not to the credit of and their pocket. this of the present Government , or of the late Joseph Hume blamed both Ministers road, and stealing eighteen-pence out of his House , opponents. If the Protectionists wanted relief they Annetts's defence was one rather out of the common. Government , to believe that the circumstances are ex- had caught Mr. Hall ceptional. (Hear, hear.) If wheat were selling, for instance, ought to support him in his motions for the reduction He said that some time back he the logic that would of wasteful expenditure. with his wife, and the latter had thereupon promised him at 80s. the quarter , l ean understan d £50 to say nothing about it. He had given him several tell me that the circumstances are exceptional ; but when The House then went into a committee of supply, promises t is selling , instead of denouncing sums of money, but had latterl y put him off with at 35s. the quarter but the hour being so late (midnight), no business only, and he had told him to meet him on this said morn- the circumstances as exceptional , you ought to tell us was done. in» for the nurpose of receiving some more. When he tho fact is most legitimate. (Hea r, hea r.) By the un- give happy fact of which we are aware, notwithstanding the Sir J. Pakington called attention last evening to stopped him on the road Mr. Hall refused to him Westminster any, so he pulled him off his horse, put his hand in his logical deductions of the new philosophy, we must look the controversy between the Marquis of and pulled out a shilling and a fourpenny-piece. up<.n this sta'e of thin«s as one of a very permanent cha- and the ratepayers of Chelsea respecting the expenses pocket, her but flung them on the ground again , and saying he would racter , and it is, therefore, ftill more important that of making and maintaining the King's-road , Eaton- not have that, walked off. Mr. Hall denied the state- Majesty 's Ministers should inform us what they intend to square. Ho contended for tho propriety of relegating ment. The bench then told the man that he stood com- do for the relief of the agricultural interest , assuming, as the question to a court of law. The Attoiiney- mitted to take his trial at the assizes ; but they would I do assume, that their legislation respecting the Gen buax. explained that the Marquis of Westminster accept bail for his appearance. The man's father offered stamps is rlefunct. ( Hea r, hear.) If it were neces- were equally by sary to relieve the agricultural interest three months and the trustees of the parish highways himself as one of the bail, and, though objected to in fault in allowing the road in question to remain in Mr. Ha^l, was accepted by the bench. Another surety ago, and if to do so was the spontaneous suggestion to next morning. Worcester Chron. of her Majesty's Government, it is more necessary now a state of neglect ; but added many arguments was to be forthcoming — [Saturd ay 130 ©!) * %tK\ttX+ , increasing uneasiness of society under the screw of all, but between the principles they happen to repre- overcrowding in the community and intense com- sent," and the triumph is not the triumph of a melo- OflTi) petition. Carlyle describes our public men as so dramatic novellist, but of Socialism. The reason why ^fr far demoralized by self-seeking and the cants of Sue was elected and Leclerc rejected, was that the the day, that they are incapable of bestirring masses had to choose between one man who openly, themselves truly and actively to guide us out of unflinchingly espoused their cause, and one man this condition. The flood is rising, and no one who espoused no cause at all. Because Socialism will gird up his loins to mend the dikes or get is so wide-spread, and has so few accredited Leaders of name and character, it is condemned either SATURDAY,^^ MAY 4, 1850. boats. The flood still rises continually, time and to tide waiting for no man, and our ears are deafened be silent and unrepresented, or to choose the most unceasingly with admirable speeches about boats popular man who will represent it. As long as and dikes of every kind, " all most perfect in their principles deeply affecting the welfare of nations p nblit %Mv$. plan and constitution." The extremity visibly ap- are denied the right of candid examination,—are met proaches, but we have yet no extrication. It is not with obloquy, ridicule, and persecution, in lieu of nothing so revolutionary, because there is tem erate disc ssion, so long will There is convulsive, as the strain to for want of means that we are at this pass. We are open, p u the up- SSthfnj? so uWtural and ho ders of these principles be condemned to k?ep Things fixed when all the world is by the very law of capable of labour,—the earth will yield us its fruits l f ight its creation in us eternal progress.-DB. Aknold. for labour ; we have the faculties of enjoyment. for them instead of arguing. As long as men fitted Life might be an apprenticeship to paradise, if its by intellectual and moral qualifications to be the THE NEW CRUSADE. opportunities were diligently and reverentially used. Leaders of the People hold aloof from them, because they dread obloquy, dread not being " respectable, the moral of Cailyle's last But who shall .say that the condition of the harassed " For present abuses the beck of his customer, and dread the turbulence of the People, and d • not sym- hlet is Despair,—or a rough alternative. He shopkeeper watching pamp haunted by the shadow of his books, is Life ? Who pathize with them, so long will the People be con- does not, indeed, print that moral ; but fhe descrip- demned to follow demagogues who do sympathize inextricable puzzle so overlays the will call the half-starved toil of the labourer Life ? tion of the converted the riches of the —or pretend to sympathize with them. suggestion of the clue out of it, that you give it up. Our arrangements have amongst us here in universe and the capacities with which we are To use this as an argument against universal He describes the world We prefer to do that, rather suffrage is trivial. Let the People have a choice, England as subject to the overruling tyranny of endowed to mockery. ; only in the than improve the arrangements which we call Go- and they will certainly choose the right men. There Talk. For that only is there success the prac ical ustice, good sense, and instinctive ap- of arl a ent, Church, and Law, is vernment. The matter-of-fact man, t is a fund of j talking careers P i m hilosopher, agree in this preciation in the People, sufficient to secure the there preferment. " Of all organs of man is there statesman, and the closet p appear but the description of our condition. You call for a rescue, utmost purity of election, if the field be not, as now, none held in account it would speech. Govern- battle-field. It is often said that an ignorant tongue he uses for talking. Premiership, Wool- and, as Carlyle says, you have a a attainable, if ment is an organized " vanity and vexation of mob can never properly appreciate the intellectual sack, Military, quasi Crown, all is thought to be with due ability." "Do not talk spirit," and there is no hope that it can become pretensions of candidates ; and it is you can talk self-productive. the reductio ad absurdum of universal suffrage to ell, only work well and heroically hold your peace, better, its disease being w What is the moral of this most gloomy and ask how is the Wisest to be chosen by the Ignorant ? and you have no chance" whatever ; except in the would not be line of activity, the industrial. One despairing account ? Its moral is, — Worse and The answer is simple. The Wisest " beaver " unimaginable disaster ; chosen ; he would not be chosen by any body of other outlet remains, however, that of literature, or worse for us, until some books ; in this career there is or ejse a rough alternative, resentment growing electors known to us; he would have quite as little '• trying to write " " , and consummated in revolution. chance with a limited suffrage as with an universal happily, no impediment that can turn him"—the intolerable , but private Easy, lazy resignation, drifts along the cur- suffrage. What then ? We do not want the candidate for employment—" back id turn. chosen ; we protest against him. The , which is itself a finis, a kind of goal,"— rent of time until it comes to that rap Wisest to be starvation is, by these accents philosopher, the thinker has his own sphere. He and here, too, the demand is " vocables, still Speaking where no Cromwell of despair the eulogist of Cromwell suggests a has to deliberate ; the politician has to act. The vocables " : " Vox is the God of this universe." refull reflex of Wakefield's description of desire for some new internal conquest to redeem us spiritual and temporal powers should be ca y This is the distinguished. Let theorists in the " calm air of the " uneasy classes," adding to that, however, the from this bondage. against But, in truth, if we read the signs of society delightful studies " analyse, argue, and systematize : trait of anarchy. Every portal closed carried out into the world by action, talk stands in Parliament, and governs by a aright, Carlyle has not summed them all up. their results will be There are others which he ignores, it not suiting men of action competent to apply, not competent veto on every thing active or real. Here are fine bed- natures wasted ; being fine but still not strong his mood or his pride of intellect to know them. to originate. The physician who sits at our They are not achievements as yet, but rather side, and prescribes for us with unerring prompti- enough to resist the infection. One can almost ist who detected the laws guess at the original of Carlyle's sketch:— signs of disposition. If you look you may note tude, is not the physiolog many a healthy symptom. The working classes, of organic processes; and if we had called to our " While the galleries were all applausive of heart, and p, ist upon whose disco- the Fourth Estate looked with eyes enlightened, as if always so oppressed by difficulty and hardshi bedside that very physiolog you had touched its lips with a staff dipped in honey,—'I lately so violent and unsettled in their prospects, veries our physician is acting—the undertaker have sat with reflections too ghastly to be uttered. A are studying in quiet—among other things the art might have sent in his bill ! Look at the Frankfort poor human creature and learned friend , once possessed of self-possession. The middle class, awakening Parliament if you want to see a Parliament of pro- of many fine gifts, possessed of intellect , veracity, and , dis lays many , and look at our own if you desire the too manful conviction on a variety of objects, has he now lost from its dream of mere trade p fessors all that ;—converted all that into a glistering phospho- tokens of a more generous feeling. The movement extreme opposite. rescence which can show itself on the outside ; while to make baths and washhouses for the poor has Intellectual supremacy, therefore, not being the within all is dead , chaotic, dark ; a painted sepulchre mainly been supported by the middle class. A one desirable quality in a Member of Parliament, full of dead men's bones ! Discernment, knowledge, homely movement, incapable of any very dignified the objection against universal suffrage falls to the intellect, in the human sense of the words, this man has et possessed b a spirit genuine, re- , descending fro m the heights of now none. His opinion you do not ask on any matter : name, and y y ground! ; for on the matter he has no opinion , judgment, or insight ; fined , philosophic, holy. Even in it3 dissensions, philosophic capacity into the market-place of only on what may be said about the matter, how it may the clergy shows the signs of an awakening from talent, no one can doubt but that the most igno- be argued of, what tune may be played upon it to en- slumber to a sense that it must go forth and ad- rant mob will thoroughly appreciate that : their lighten the eyes of the Fourth Estate." vise,—that it must study its mission anew, and leaders prove it. More than all will they fitly ap- Here, then, is difficulty and no extrication. speak more wisely. Among the Dissenters, often preciate the great qualities of manhood—energy, Here is universal want and no supply, but vocal intolerant ultra-Protestants, a new generation has decision, honesty, fearlessness, and activity ; these, wind. The world is out of joint, and no one seems come forward, with a wholly new and liberal which make the man of action, make the true born to set it right. Society itself can confirm spirit. The New Reformation is bringing out Member ; and these all men understand. Carlyle's jeremiade. You of every class know how men bent on restoring the influence of religion, by Universal suffrage should be granted even were the fact is with you. The tradesman, whose setting it perfectly f ree, and enabling it to work by it pregnant with the evils its opponents foresee. starving workmen reproach him with his " suc- realities, not forms and pretences. Even the The people will make terrible mistakes ? Be it so. cesses," knows that his books show a balance passing efforts of Young England, and new-fangled The people can correct them. They will attempt hovering between decency and ruin. He lives a plans for " protecting British industry," sanitary to realize chimeras ? Be it so. The eternal neces- life of uncertainty—a prosperity gained at the cost reforms—all these are signs that feelings and mo- sities of fact will refute them ; and the lessons of opprobrium, not without some twinges to his tives are reawakening with every class ; that it tlms learned are fruitful ; whereas all your vatici- own conscience, or bankruptcy ; the poor see the wants but some general appeal to call them forth nations are as empty as wind, which they regard wealth they help to make increase in magnitude in a common council for the common welfare— not. Nothing is more curious to our minds than and value, while they can touch it not. The modern some inducement to speak openly and to acknow- to hear men who have not deciphered the A.B.C. Tantalus, under a refinement of cruelty in his ledge the common faith that is in them all. If of social problems talking scornfully of the " effect" fate, is doomed to gr oiu the grapes he cannot reach. public men can but make the most of these in- of certain measures, and giving, as a specimen of Uncertainty and anxiety, those insatiable de- fluences which exist, and are already moving their knowledge of effects, this reason against mons of civilization, are creeping upon the very society in every part, they may expedite the revolu- universal suffrage:—" It would be the prostitution wealthiest classes. The landlord counts uneasily tion which is impending in a prompt and peaceful of political power by the artifices of those whose the fields that are not yet mortgaged. There are form. That is the extrication from the slough, out sophisms can impose on the narrow judgment of the ex ceptions ; but you who read , in whatsoever class of the nightmare of Talk. To take the lead in it populace, or by the more fatal pledges of those who you may be, know that if we do not now touch your should be the office of the New Reformation, kindle their passions to the height of anarchy and case, yours is a blessed exception to the general preaching a new crusade for the peaceable chivalry spoliation." rule. of our day against the monsters of our day—the It is indeed a general belief that universal suf- " Government " is but an arrangement to con- Shams and Pretences. frage would be equivalent to universal spoliation ; a duct more happily the affairs of society. We have belief which were it not the grossest ignorance come to this pass, and we arc to interpret it as UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE. would be the grossest infamy. What ! in the face showing that our arrangement wants mending. The election of Eugene Sue enables many of our of daily experience can the People be so libelled. But who shall begin the task of amendment ? political adversaries to point a sarcasm against Is not the patiently-borne misery of millions Invite the labourer for that work, and you obtain universal suffrage, but as the Times truly observes, in the midst of such wealth, such luxuries, a speech. Wakefield describes the continually " in reality the struggle lay not between the men at and such temptations, accompanied as it is by ¦ * i . May 4, 1850.] ffifj e QLtKittX. 131 Leader ? The simple truth is, that the so little crime in comparison with the mass of roost sweeping suppressions of the journals. In of the short, they have endeavoured to obstruct the elec- Socialism now dominant in France is not a system, ignorance and the mass of want—is not this a fact man can him blush who dares to talk of the people tion, on one side, by every possible manoeuvre. but a doctrine. It is the doctrine that to make himself and his fellow man by taking as capable of injustice ? Who ducks the pick- They did endeavour to supersede and anticipate it best serve by getting up riots ; but they have failed in that as counsel in a common understanding, and working pocket ? The mob. Who, protects the police ? doctrine is the mob. Who leaves untouched the countless in every other particular. The Socialists have re- for a common interest. That The tion now brewing in France ; shops blazoning with jewellery and richest stuffs ? mained perfectly quiet ; have managed to do with- animus of the Revolu out the help of which they were deprived ; have it is a spirit which already possesses large numbers The mob. Who, when roused even to fury by the y practice, blood and smell of powder, when masters pursued their course with unbroken calmness and in this country, gains ground in our dail sight of and is mounting to high places amongst us. We of the palace of its enemies, preserved as sacred the pertinacity ; and, in spite of every obstacle or abatement , have carried their candidate by an over- must not ignore it, nor let it pass in silence. We property of the vanquished, and shot the few events that disgraced the victory by theft ? whelming majority. will watch it and discuss it; and the coming scoundrels . The mob ; that very Socialist mob which is, accord- The candidate not the best to have chosen . We in France shall teach us much ing to the Times, ready to destroy all property, all understand that a contemporary has assailed the liberty, all order, all religion, if it once get the Leader for speaking in a disparaging manner of AN EXAMP1B TO INSOLVEN T? LANDLO RDS. Get the power ? Why it has had it! It Eugene Sue. We have done so, not because we Portu gal's Queen, has just commenced a sweeping re- power. re- had it in 1830 and in 1848. Paris was in its resent the freedom of his opinions—quite the re- form of her domestic establishme nt—so says publ ic hands ; ask even its enemies if it disgraced the verse; not because we object to his outspoken port. She is said to have dismissed twenty-seven of her victory ! language—quite the reverse ; nor because we are servants , sold a number of horses , and all the fur nitur e inions may be chimerical ; on matters o£ such blind to his undoubted ability. Eugene Sue is a of the Belem Palace. Instead of using her grand state Op Gloria complex and far reaching import as social ques- novelist with a stronger melodramatic power for coach, drawn by four horses , Donna Mar ia da best intellect may grossly err ; but to startling effects than any writer now living. He now drives abou t in a carriage drawn by a single pa ir; tions the allowed argue as if the People were not for ever moved by abuses that power by using it for effects of the and those of her attendants who were hither to impulses of justice—to suppose that a people under most revolting kind ; revolting to every principle the use of a carria ge, must either go on foot or hire a any circumstances could abdicate the august throne of true art. He assumes doctrines by turns, as if carriage , and pay for it themselves. conscience, and perpetrate that which it knew merely to make materials for his literary trade ; Now, here is an example for those of out own land * of its incomes threaten to fail considerabl y below to be unjust, even to secure a temporary advantage and, judging by his past career, which has pro- lords whose of a contempt for the their expenditure , throug h the insolvency of farmers. to itself—that, we say, is not to argue like a states- fessed at least the candour courag e to meet their like a child : it is *a blasphemy against popular insight, M. Sue now adopts a public posi- All they want is sufficient mora l man, but ifficulties where they find they are living in a style human nature. Therefore we demand universal tion for some purpose of his own. It may be d gment do not as which their incomes do not warrant ; let them tak e the suffrage as a right, and we demand it in the fullest otherwise; but the data for jud donna Maria has done—d ismiss suggest any other conclusion. We are sur- decided course which confidence of its becoming a good. yet all those servants whom they can do without , sell off their prised to see a contemporary so well informed on dispose of ene Sue supernumera ry horses and hounds , and even THE EDUCATIONAL OBSTRUCTIVES. Parisian affairs as the Examiner rate Eug super fluous furniture , perchance of superfluous mansions. among the highest for a " penetrating and refined do this in time, regardless of what A protest appears in the advertising columns of , who How much better to intellect." The lowest playhouse manager Mrs. Grund y may say than to put off from week to the Times, signed by twenty-nine members of the paying but indiscriminate a fills his house with a week, in the vain hope th at Parliament will do something Congregational Board of Education, against the audience, might claim the same qualities on equal Secular Education Bill, on the ground that it may to enable farmers to pay their present exorbi tant rents, grounds. landl ords to go on at their prese nt extra- be ma de an instrument of political and ecclesiasti- t the doctrine of and so enable But Eugene Sue does adop vagant ra te of living ! cal tyranny, and, among other reasons, because Socialism ; he is known to be eloquent ; his elec- it encroaches on the just civil rights and religious " tion is a taunt and threat to the opponents of ROYALTY AND LOYALTY. duties of conscientious teachers among the poor ; Republicanism ; and as the imper- le with Socialism and Two intens ely democratic friends , are aggrieved by our whose convictions constrain them to ming sonation of popular will he becomes a different thing strictly all teaching the spirit and precepts of divine truth ; toleration of royalt y ; and , if we took them up as from the pander to public vices. as Sir Robe rt Peel did Mr. Cobden , we might say that an encroachment which would not be tolerated in the position of Socialism in France ? or Charles Now, how are What then is they were suggesting the fate of Julius Caesa r other seminaries of instruction." Manifestly it commands the capital, the army con- Queen Victoria. God forefend any such, we to define " the just civil rights" of the " con- the Firs t for curring. folly, or an y intermedia te folly, in such direction. scientious teacher ? " We have very little respect incident would suggest the supposi- objects to our noting the personal move- a man who calls himself " a One other One friend for the conscience of tion that it commands extensive tracts of the ments of the roya l classes : yet that is intelligence which teac her of t he poor ," and who yet, knowing that country. The precautions taken by the Govern- intere sts nine-te nths of our readers , to say nothin g of millions of that class are literally " perishing for lack ment in the provinces are precisely the same with the other tenth ; and naturally, since royalty is not only of knowle dge " would strain every nerve to prevent taken in the capital ; and in great fact ," but also, in its circumstances and inci- of those that have been a " the establishment of a thoroughly useful system the capital they are taken without avail. dents , a very splendid , picturesque , potent , and pregnan t education, contrived mainly for the poor, because ? It must be some- fact. it is to be imparted to them without any mixture of What is this Socialism, then thing very different from the Ateliers Nationaux Both writers deny " ri ghts " to royalty ; choosing to sectarianism, l lns is, forsooth, an intolerable en- Louis ignor e the r ights conferr ed by usage and the con- "just rights of the con- which M. Marie foisted upon the credit of croachment on the " different from that abstract tinued assent of society. Royalty no longer affects , cientious Congregationalism These men might Blanc ; it must be conservatively defended by doctrine which the Assembly associates with the except in the coin legends so as well protest against the poor-law as " an from the saints in Parli ament , to exist by ri ght divine ; but it hts," because spectacles of M. Proudhon ; different practical republican encroachment on their just civic rig Democratic Pacif ique. What- exists by the will of society : it is a relief is administered to the destitute without the Fourierism of the warra nts the continuance of roy al ty in Engi , this Socialism is extending its influence decree that slightest attempt to enforce *• the spirit and pre- ever it is land ; and our impatient friends preach treach ery to the 5 in this country not only to immense numbers of the insti- cepts of Divine truth/ What more fitting time sections repu blic when they talk so glibly of abolishing ! the working classes, but also into different let them ," and see how the English to teach religion than when bestowing charity appearing more or tut ion. "On ly Surely the two are much more congenial than Arith- of the more educated classes, repub lic would take it. Why, we should have some less openly in the periodicals of the highest class. constables stalking forth to protect metic and the Thirty-Nine Articles, or than run- in more millions of special ning-hand and the doctrine of predestination. You may trace the pen of the Communist their •' gracious Soverei gn " in every hi gh street of the than one leading journal of London , in more than King dom , and singing " God save the Queen " Wh y, then, should the wealthy, benevolent Inde- periodicals. United pendent or Wesleyan, who may prefer to bestow one of the best monthly or quarterly in every possible key after the subsequent dinner of Many clergymen openly give it their sanction. We celebratio n. his charity on those that show a readiness to em- discussion brace his creed, be disturbed in his operations by a of the Leader have been warned off this We have not done with the institution of royalty yet. as dangerous, both to the public peace and to our In man y respects Kingshi p works better in London than merely secular system of almsgiving ? If religious have teaching among the poor would be greatly pro- own interest. *' Do not," considerate friends Pres identship in Paris or Wash ington. Our censorious said, " discuss this too directly or openly; the friends do not look beneath the sur face , or they would moted by coupling it with a liberal distribution of for royalty which political science , with the addition of manufacturers are afraid of it, and dislike to have discern many functions bacon bread and cheese, will put dangerous has not yet arranged for presidentship. One is the faculty blankets, coals, and flannel in winter, the Congre- it mooted. They think that it auth ority, notions into the heads of their workmen." In- of comma ndin K respect for even during inter - gational Board ought to go for the abolition of the are missions of political action in the popular part of the Poor-Law. That enactment plainly interferes with fatuated friends ! the " dangerous notions" political machin e, which keeps the motion stead y and the there alread y; and we do not avert danger by unint errupted. England is a republic , with a Doge or rights of those who believe that they could in this thing Dogaressa at the head ; and , looking to divers events not heVev promote the chapel interest " by distri- shutting our eyes to it. Our safety " is to lay it bare, to see all that there is in it, good long distant , we prefer our President to those sometimes buting a few pounds annually among the poor than against it. inflicted on Ameri ca or France . b or bad, and make the most for it or We do not fear the royal classes—they are not worse y allowing the poor-law guardians to expend the Leader to en- same amount for ihem under the name of rates. Most of all is it the function of the than any other class ; thoug h needing as much as any gage in the discussion of these momentous and emanc ipation from unwholesome restraints. doubtful questions. It is our very purpose. If MORAL OF THE PARIS ELECTION. we forego this we had better cease to be, or not TUB BLACK DEMON OP AMERICA. Again Paris has elected a Socialist, because he is a have existed at all. And even you who warn us Conscience is the parent of cowardice. The United Socialist. is see that the safer Stat es, Model Republic , professes to be the freest coun- That the election means very much will not long hence learn to try in the world ; the American s hold Eng land far less not concealed , but rather emphatically proclaimed course is a perfectly direct exchange of counsel free and magnanimous. Eng land permits men of any 'jy the antagonists of the popular party ; since upon such subjects. race to land on her shores , unmoved by fear. The they have resorted to every means available to What, then,* is the definite form which this " freest ," &c , cannot suffer that freedom. If a respect - prevent such a result. They forcibly removed Socialism has now taken in its command of able Black stewar d land from an English ship in Carolina Socialists from Paris on the hackneyed pretext France ? In what is it distinct from those sectarian or Louisian a the man must go to prison : the Unit ed of their ? How is that the States are afraid of him ! The great Republic must being vagrants ; that is to say, work- forms that we have mentioned tako precautions against " John Canoe. " We were men resident in the town without the permits Socialism of the Christian Maurice is, as he says, laughed at for the Duke of Wellington 's notion that a which it is so diffi cult for men in many large cen- the same with the Socialism of Robert Owen , the French fleet might land on our shore : the Model Re- tres of industry to obtain. They have made the " Infidel ": of Louis Blanc, the Revolutionist ; find public is afrai d of a Black man. * 132 ©ft* 3Le&tJ iet* [Satu rd ay, royal dynasty will act justly and execute the laws of connected with journalism ! Equally does he seem which it is the professed guardian, a nation may be to be unaware that the march of intellect and of driven to overthrow royalty, and, indeed, all pri- polity is guided by others of an education as liberal vileged orders, and lay the highest magistracy open a family as ancient, and a fortune as independent as to free election. But this, I apprehend, cannot be his own. It would be well, then, in his lordship to justified on the bare ground that, " all men being lower this superciliousness and abate this arrogance. equal, ought, therefore, to be equally eligible to He maintains his position in the state by no merit, magistracy " (a?i argument which makes all royalty real or imputed; but solely by the popular appre- an essential injustice, and all government of most hension that abler men would strip the nation to nations an impossibility) ; but it may be justified, in protect themselves. Such apprehension is indeed some particular communities, on the ground, that in irrational ; but the most irrational is often the most this way, alone or best, the end of justice, namely, sensitive. The clamour against Sir Robert Peel is the enforcement of right, is attained. beginning to subside. Children, when they have The English Government in India, by the mere had their cry out, sleep upon it. I never saw the fact of its strength, is under duty to execute the part man, and never wish to see him ; but I avow my of magistrate. It could not abdicate without in- opinion that he is the ablest Minister since Lord ducing a calamitous series of internal wars, the re- Chatham, though bearing a nearer resemblance to sult of which would alone show what were the the wiliness of Walpole. He did not begin his dtynr CmrariL remaining strongest powers of the community. It is career by urging to progress, with an iron check- blamed for holding power, shoe in his pocket, bearing the word finality. He confess he hath much not, therefore, now to be There is no learri&d man but will but (after our immense experience of the tendencies may have shuffled his cai ds with a somewhat of profited by reading controversies, his senses awakened, ; but he never was and his judgment sharpened. If, then, it be profitable for of foreign empire) for not taking measures either to suspicious dexterity detected in him to read, why should it not, at least, be tolerable for attach the natives to its sway or to provide for a pulling a hidden one from his sleeve. his adversary to write.—Milton. future peaceful abdication. This example is adduced There is a danger that the gentlemen of the press as an extreme case of mere superior force constituting may retaliate, not only on Lord John Russell, but him, THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE. and marking out the magistrate. also on some others about who countenanced hibited i uld follow him in his lordly vituperation. Suppose they should Sib,—There are probably few of your readers who From the principle above ex t wo just and expedient to that if in a certain state one class of persons were engage a bookseller to publish a cheap edition of do not believe it both their collected right honourable writings, prose and impart to the poorer classes of England a recognition especially liable to oppression from the Executive , from which they have government, that class would have a right to especial poetry. There are booksellers who (being previously in the English Constitution equally open paid) would undertake it. Such an enterprise must long been excluded. Those who cannot wholly ac- safeguards. But where all are supposed and much to its attacks, all have equal defensive rights ; and overturn the Ministerial benches, and every boy from cede to the National Reform Association, Westminster-market to Smithfield-market would be less approve of Equal Universal Suffrage, feel, never- this is the theory of English Law. uncall d for, and II. When not only Anarchy has been overcome, a vociferous hawker of derisory quotations. theless, that the movement is not e Walter Savage Landob. hope for some good result by the agitation of the but Magistracy has been duly subjected to the re- subject. At present men's minds are calm, and it is straints of Law, a new danger is discerned to the appropriate to invite them to the study of the first community from the Law itself becoming in turn the RIGHTS OF ROYALTY principles, by the rightfulness of which all future oppressor ; and out of this arises the desire to parti- April 28, 1850. action will be effected. cipate in lawmaking. Again it is clear that in a Sib,—In last week's Leader, in reply to " A De- We all desire Justice,—for ourselves and others. healthy morality I shall desire solely that the Law mocratic Friend," you remark :— Justice is the establishment of all men's Rights. may be just, not that I may have a hand or voice in Royalty is a fact not to be overlooked by any com- (a fullgrown " " What are men's Rights ? " is, therefore, a funda- enacting it: nor, because I am a man plete newspaper. Moreover, the royal classes have their mental inquiry. male), have I, therefore, a right to take part in rights and claims, as well as any other class ; and we Before attempting any positive reply, a negative legislation ; any right which I have rises out of the cannot but assert their equality." reply is to be well considered. That which has been, fact that such or such arrangements best conduce Concerning this first sentence I think there cannot or has seemed to be, my right, ceases to be my right towards (or are essential to) wise and just legislation. be two opinions ; but to your " moreover " I demur. when it is discovered to encroach on another's right. So also our right of checking legislation, being es- May I ask you to state what are these " rights ' of Hence, through ignorance of our neighbour's circum- sentially defensive, is limited by the nature of the the royal classes ? Only their " rights : " of their stances, we are often liable to assert as our "ght danger to which we are exposed. claims I am by no means unaware. For my own part, what is a wrong to him. This error has been fla- The danger is that of unjust class-legislation, for since I believe a royal class, or royalty—any such, grantly committed by the rich against the poor ; but this is the only possible injustice which a Parliament royal class or royalty as now exists—to be a wrong, the poor need to be warned that they also are in or other purely legislative body can perpetrate. If I do not understand how it can have any rights. danger of the like injustice towards the richer classes, my class be protected I am protected, even if I have Unless, indeed, it be what ThomaaiCarlyle might call and towards one another. no vote or influence individually. Hence it is Classes the right to be put out of the way, and the right to he ' A second negative reply is, perhaps, still more and Interests which alone have need of defence, and extirpated, to be extinguished, as speedily as possi- important, because more overlooked by radical re- therefore alone have any right of representation in ble. Yours, sir, formers. No man, on the mere ground of his man ' Parliament. Nay, to concede equal votes to all the A Democrat and a Republican. hood, has any right to participate in government and individuals of a nation would be to invest the most legislation : he has merely a right to the wisest and numerous class with power to oppress the rest, and April 29, 1850. is to be had, in the exist- might perpetuate unjust class-legislation in its most justest government which Dear Sib,—Royalty is, indeed, a fact not to be ing state of morality and knowledge. I do not ex- intense form. The poor ought to have defenders in admitted outright by your the Legislature,—chiefly the peasants, for they have overlooked by any complete newspaper. That is pect this assertion to be admitted. But the question of right and equality readers : on the contrary, I expect it to be warmly suffered great oppressions through the want of spokes- I crave leave to develope men there; but it is not to be inferred that they due to them in their individual capacity cannot be rejected ; for which reason claimed, when it is considered they have the reasons on which it rests. ought to have representations numerous in direct fairly asked,—-What justified the first proportion to their numbers. usurped, in their sovereign authority, all right and I. First let it be equality from the rest of the community. As well magistrate is assuming the Executive Government ? III. It is an enormous practica l error to imagine that Right. To illustrate this, all the ca rdinal questions of practical politics can be might we contend for the right and equality of Ita- I reply,—Might to execute lian brigands or Spanish freebooters, who have equal consider how we act towards children. If a man solved by moral reasonings. There are arbitrary ele- quarrelling, and that one of them is ments of immense magnitude, depending on public claim to our sympathy with Kings ; whose rule has sees two boys been from time immemorial, a system of prostrated about to do some deadly harm to the other, he will opinion. Of these the most obvious is that which , separate them. The strength concerns the Limits of States. When Louis Philippe slavery, wretchedness, and misery to the masses. Di- interfere with force and the kingly office and usurped power and of the man not only authorizes him, but makes it his was driven from his throne by violence, and the con- vested of vengeance. Might does not, nection of the new with the old state of things was privilege, they are unquestionably entitled to the duty, to stop oppressive same rights as other men. indeed, make Right, but does indicate who it is that cut apart, there was no moral right remaining to to say, dictate whether France should become one sovereign With much admiration and desire for your success, must become the champion of Right; that is the vices who is to assume the office of magistrate. Thus Republic or. ten. In South America, when the I am sorry to see you inclined to pander to often made king^ by Spanish power was overthrown, a series of civil of the age by giving currency to this sickly, mawkish among wild men one of them is trash about royalty, which will never tend to elevate bodily prowess, or sometimes by other qualities wars took place, to decide how many States should which command respect,—as high lineage, cere- grow out of the ruin of empire. The intense danger or benefit mankind. reputed wisdom. If by of prolonged suffering and demoralization from this Kingcraft and priestcraft have outlived the age of monial priesthood, age, or ason and any concentrate at my call the cause is that which makes it so criminal an act to their existence. Nature abhors them, re of these causes I can nd the only wait the highest physical force of the community, the fact precipitate a revolution. When once the precedents philosophy disown them, a y constitutes me the natural and rightful magistrate of of the past are annulled by violence, no one can consummated intelligence of an enlightened people , perhaps alone foresee now lingering and atrocious a struggle may to abolish them for ever. the community. I am then best able B. able, to suppress crime from within and repel attack supervene, in order to establish those elements of Yours sincerely, H. from without. practical politics which no philosophy can ever In a healthy moral state we desire justice to be settle. Fbancis W. Newman. THE GORHAM CASE. done, but lire not eager to have the doing of it. The May 1, 1850. desire to participate in magistracy ought not to LORD JOHN ItUSSELL. Sib,—Mr. Beresford Hope has published in the arise (nml in the majority never would arise), if the April 18. Times of Tuesday last a letter addressed to him magistrate himself were always just. But when the Sir,—The press is heaving and groaning under the by the Bishop ot London, and which is evidently Exec utive Government has any where become so invectives of Lord John Russell. I would be the intended as a manifesto for the guidance of the strong that the dreadful evils of Anarchy are out of monitor and exam ining master of this elevated tuft, Tractarian clergy. The main purpose of this letter sight and thought, the community gradually dis- who (I am told) has evinced some ambition to is to supply a *' locus standi" to that section of the covers that oppression from the Magistrate himself graduate in letters. May I be allowed to premise clergy who are halting between a logical consistency is a hi riouB danger. And out of this rises a right of that no fortune or prosperity is so worthily or so in their opinions and a somewhat suspicious attach- the community (unthought of while Anarchy is to arduously acquired as by those who watch the ment to the secular interests of the Church. The be fmred) to place some check upon the executive movements and correct the errors of public men. Bishop is clearly anxious to escape, if possible, with power. What that check is to be does not depend on The journalists of England hold the highest rank in a decent reputation from the martyrdom in which my human equality with the Magistrate, but on the her literature. Safely and conscientiously may I the most ordinary consistency seems likely to involve^ danger to which I nm exposed from him. He is like declare it, who have contributed but little to any his party. The secular interests of the Church, how- a cannon that has been loaded to shoot my enemy ; journal, and who have derived no benefit from any. ever, are doubtless far dearer to the rich and powerful but, after I have discovered that many such cannons Lord John Russell, in the multiplicity and confusion nrelate than thev will be found to be to those he have blown up and have wounded their own people, of business, seems to have forgotten that the most addresses ; and the kind of zeal ho would inspire I demand somo safeguard against a similar catas- elevated personages of his party, two Lord Chan- into the clergy will, no doubt, be in an inverse ratio trophe. When all hope is lost that a particular cellors, are public writers of much celebrity, and to their wealth. The possessor of £20,000 a year May 4, 1850.] . Uttf * 3Lt&i!tt* * 133 ¦will manfully remain at his post, to expostulate and the spear having penetrated the pericardium, in protest, whilst the Tractarian curate with ten chil- which the water was lodged, and on the wounding of htuutt dren and £100 a year, will abandon the corrupted •which every animal dies immediately ** " This fact, %t Church with virtuous indignation. therefore, was recorded to obviate the calumnies of of truth, who otherwise might pretend Critics are not -clae legislato rs , but the judges and police The logic of the Bishop in the letter before us is the enemies of literature. They do not make laws—the y interpret ana as lame and halting as his consistency. He dis- that Jesus was taken down from the cross before He try to enfor ce them .—Edinbur gh Review. tinctly assumes that a convocation lawfully assemb led was dead, and thence call in question the reality of ¦would be the proper interpreter of the mind of the his resurrection from the dead." Church ; but he goes on to say that if this convoca - That Christ died, therefore, is the only physical Carlyle's Stump Orator will probably exasperate tion " shoul d, by a solemn decision, reject the doc- induction to be derived from the piercing the side, a greater number of readers than any of his pre- trine of baptismal regeneration, it will then be time and the concurrent appearance of " blood and water." vious pamp hlets. It is a blow on the face of the to think of quitting the Church's pale." In other And the moral one I trust is equally clear from the thousands who mount upon platfor ms, whether of words, as soon as the hi ghest authority in the Church character of the witness, and the evidence he gives.* or printing- With these few remarks I will leave the author to commons , meetings , lecture-rooms, has declared the sense of a disputed doctrine her offices ; the thousands gifted, or believing^ them- faithful children are justified in deserting her , sup- enjoy his opinion , that Christ only " swooned" after adverse to their private say ing It is finished ," and " bowing his head." I selves gifted , with the talent of Speech, and called posing her decision to be " hten the universe. Nor opinions ! They, in short, who are now clamouring will leave other and better heads than mine to argue upon by that talent to enlig for the revival of the Convocation declare beforehand on matters of faith , prophecy, coincidence , and ana- will the red spot on thei r cheeks remainin g after that they are prepared to dispute its decisions. logy ; on the occasion being superior to all physical the blow be wholl y the blush of pain; it will also laws, and on a mass of other powerful considerations ; the stinging " I hold," writes the Bishop, " that until the be somewhat the blush of shame : for Church's articles and formularies are altered by the contented with the assurance that the important truth of what Carlyle says—enveloped as it is authority of Convocation, or of some synod equiva- point remains unrefuted, that Christ died on the Cross. in his usual exaggerations—must be felt by all. No lent to Convocation, her character as a teacher of Your faithful servant, one can accept it as an absolute expression of the truth remains unchanged." " A question," he adds, A Subscriber. truth ; but that his diatribe receives momentum «« can only be altered by;a synodical decree." Th is, fro m a real and weighty truth is beyond all ques- then, we may conclude is sufficient ; but no, " even MR. SANDARS ON PRICES. tion. It has given momentum to many a sarc asm then ," says the Bishop, '• judges may differ in their Sir,— Since I last addressed you, I have conversed from Auguste Comtb, who, as a scientific interpretation of the decree," and different courts with two gentlemen who for some years occupied , has an inveterate scorn for the false esti- may give conflicting decisions as to the meaning of farms of upwards of 300 acres in the neighbourhood thinker the oracles of the Church. Where, then , in the of New York—and had previously farmed largely mation in which Rhetoric is held—the supremacy, name of common sense are we to find the authorita- before leaving Eng land , and who are , consequentl y, in these days, of Expressio n over Thought; but tive teaching of the Church if she rejects a legal and capable of estimating the relative expenditure on who, at the same time, is too profoundly conscious grammatical explanation of her own language ? Is arable land in the two countries. Their general of the anarch y of our age, and of the causes of it not clear that all this is mere "jugg ling with conclusions are, that it did not require a greater th is anarch y, not to see that such a supremacy words'' to escape from the toils of a logical dilemma ? outlay in the wages of labour in cultivating arable is inevitable, resulting, in fact, from the very ab- Is it not quite evident that there can be but two land in Amer ica, than what is expended per acre by sence of scientific convictions which constitutes possible grounds for authority in matters of faith— many individuals in this country. anarc hy. It is not in astronomy, in chemistry, in the light within us— or the infallible traditions of the The usual practice is to hire able-bodied men for biology, that Expression and the talent of Speech Church. But it is really impossible to grapple with eight months of the year, at the wages of ten or y; it is not even in Poli- a disputan t who appears at one moment in the cha- twelve dollars a-month, and to board them ; their has any supremac racter of a Protestant Bishop, and the next is hours of labour are from sunrise to sunset ; and being tical Economy so far as that science confines masquerading in the red stockings of a Cardinal. well-fed, the quantity of work they perform is great. itself within its proper limits. The reason is They who now sit in the seats of the a'Becketts, Ten to twelve dollars a-month is equal to about 10s. simple. There a mass of ascertained truth, a sys- the Wolsej's, and the Lauds of former days, are no to 12s. a-week, and allowing 5s. a-week for board, it tem of irrefragable evidence speaks with a force longer the representatives of pr inci ples but of parties , gives the wages as 15s. to 17s. a-week. But take off whi ch no rhetoric can diminish. All the oratory in and their highest ambition is to preserve the peace of the four months of non-employment in the winter, it the world will not discover a truth ; it can only the Church at the expense of her consistency. It will reduces the yearly average rate of wages to 11s. 3d. br ighten it to the understanding. But in morals not be forgotten that the Bishop of London, on the and 12s. 9d. per week ; and, making due allowance and in politics we have no science ; each man pilots first outbreak of the Tractarian heresy in his diocese, for the extra hours of employment, it will be seen his own boat on those terrible seas ; and pretty at fi 'st encouraged and afterwards proscribed it; and that the cost of American labour exceeds but little pilotage they make of it sometimes ! Carlyle on being appealed to, to cTecide whether candles the wages paid in many counties to the English the growing tendency of Talk; be allowed on the altar, solemnly decreed ploughman. regards with despair should and thinks, with justice, that as long as we continue that the candles might continue but that they must My informants have returned to England some not be lighted ! to estimate and reward the talent of Speech as at years ago, and they tell me the wages of labour have to the confusion an d I am , sir , your obedient servant, within the last two years fallen very considerably, present, we are only add ing FllED. J. F uXTOX. and I have seen it stated as 25 per cent. peril of the times. His remedy is Silence ; a talent With regard to the two errors you mention in my for Silence he sets against this rabid desire for DEATH OF JESUS. calculations, probably the tradesmen's bills in Ame- Talk. Here his instinct is right , his logic wrong. ) rica may approximate nearer to those of this country Silent work and silent thought are doubtless indis- Newport , Isle of Wi jf ut , April 2." , 1850. recei ve tru ths by , a review of a book entitled The Destiny than I estimated ; but the amount of capital required pensable to man ; but unless we . Siu —In to enter upon an arable farm in America is not more intu ition, unless the solution of might y social pro- of Man, appearing in your paper of the 20th of that required in this country. April , there is a quotation from the work, in which it than one half of blems come to us unassisted , woven out of the With respect to the inability of the English farmer enta gled web of our own thoughts, we must speak is attempted to prove that the recorded death of h rate of n Christ on the cross was a delusion. The author to compete with the foreigner from the hig that we may assist each other, that we may pro- wages in this country, and the compulsory employ- have seen or fancied. Car- quotes St. John as an authority in support of his ment of the agricultural labourer, it is evident the claim what truth we assertion , but he quotes him with substantial incor- question of wages alone would not disable the British lyle admits that when a man has a thing to say rectness. Thus, he makes St. John testify to having farmer from growing, corn as cheap as the American. lie must say it; till then he should hold his tongue. seen the blood which flowed from the Redeemer's But there are many other important elements besides But does not every speaker believe he has some- side when pierced by the Roman soldiers, in running labour that greatly influence the productive cost of thing to say ? Who is to be the judge of the right down " mix with the perspiration which pain had corn in the two countries. America is not the coun- thing to he said, and the right time for saying it? produced." Now take the words of St. John, 19 c, competitor of the British should be a stern monitor, , But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced try that would be the great His own conscience v. 34 " agriculturists, as wheat can be grown 50 per cent, bidding him not to mount upon platforms merely his side, and f orthwith came thereout blood and can v>ater." The misstatement of the author as here cheaper in the northern states of Europe than it for the exhibition of his glib fluency, merely to indicated is important to his argument, as I will en- in the Atlantic states of America. make a speech for " cheers " and votes of thanks ; deavour to show hereafter ; but he substantially If we remove the disputed labour question from and as a suggestion to such a monitor, the Stump America to Poland we should then find the high rate , restraining, perhaps, many misquotes this statement of an eye-toitness whose vera- of wages in England to be an important feature in orator will be forcible city cannot be questioned, such statement having imme- the question of competition. whose vanity is less than their sincerity. But if he diate and satisfactory reference to the cause of Christ' s S. S. really think he have any thing to say, we bid him death ,physically considered. The author adds, '• This speak it, we bid him speak openly, unflinchingly, confirms the conclusion that he was not dead, but had Conservat ives are the True Repudiators . —It whatever is in his mind, fearless of the ridicule which swooned." Now, on the author's opinion of the cannot be reasona bl y doubted that those who perti na- Utopias," and the pity which smiles at ph ysical effect of crucifixion , I have nothing to reply. ciously refuse to economize now , when we might thereby grins at " " Dreams ; " because in the great work we have to Prima facie, therefore , it did not occasion death. pay twenty shillings in the pound within a moderate ht is But the ?• confirmation" of his •• conclusion" on this number of years , and who insist on acting the Fat alist , do mutual assistance from each other's insig head , and for which he refers to St. John, as above and leaving all difficulties to the chan ces of the future- indispensable. Until a Social S cience be elabo- stated, has a physica l reference of course. Now the such persons (thoug h they generall y call themselves rated there must be anarchy of speech. Once wound made in the Conservatives) are promoting an ultim ate repudiation of a recognition of the positive laws which re- blood that " flowed from the the debt. —F. W. Newman on the National Debt. secure sufferer 's side by the Roman soldier's spear " did not Qqom Works for Sunda y.—Dr. Charming throws gulate Society, as you have secured a recognition necessarily imply that life was not extinct : when out an excellent hint about workin g on Sunday in one of the positive laws which regulate the phenomena death is caused by violence alone the blood of a of his lectures ; we would recommend it to the earnest of matter and of life, you will then see Rhetors health y person , in such case, will flo w for a con- consideration of all Christians who wish to promote and Demagogues disappear, as you have seen in the siderable period after death ; '' persp iration" also is vital religion—whose faith is shown, not in angry dog- history of Science how Astrologers and Charlatans occasioned by the last struggle with death , for causes matizing, but in active working. " The Sunday which well known to medical men. The appearances of has come down to us from our fathers seems to us ex- have disappeared. Science has no platforms. blood and perspiration " (to take the author's ceedingly defective. The clergy have naturally taken it As we said a great truth lies underneath the " very much into their own hands, and we apprehend that j version of St. John's testimony) do not therefore making vehement outburst of The Stump Orator and •' confirm the conclusion that " Christ was not dead, as yet they have not discovered all the means of people will feel it, when they have overcome their " it a blessing to mankind. ? * * Would not the but had swooned." But, does the author mean to business of our public charities be done more effectually astonishment at its exaggerations. But if they contend that there was no adequate cause of death on the Lord's-day than on any other , and would not accept the denunciations of this pamphlet literally occasioned by the spear of the Roman soldier ? St. such an appropriation of a part of this time accord pecu- they will pronounce the writer a mere juggler John's words , above quoted, possess the strongest liarl y with the spirit of Christianity ?" hlet is the ph ysical e'mi- throwing about paradoxes. This pamp proof on this head. The remark of an we also objected iven nent writer hereon is hi hl important, if not con- • O ur correspon dent should have added that event of the week. The week has, however, g g y on moral gro unds to the opinion hazarded by the author re- us another publication, which from the very nature clusive. He writes— " For the flowing of the water viewed ; at pres ent the letter reads as if we had accepted the out of that wound in the side was an indication of position. —£d. of it cannot excite so much attention, but which * [Saturday, 134 &|J * Qcahtr. Take the book as the lucubrations of a scholarly we cannot overlook. We mean the new number very like what we had been accustomed to in Tory treatises. Had we not and ingenious gentleman of an independent mind, of The British Quarterly Review and its article on journals, periodicals, and , perhaps, never known the infamous character of the author, we thoroughly honest and straightforward and if Ger- Socialism. Some of our readers, works are unknown or inaccessible to you, see that Review, which is more the organ of ad- should have supposed he belonged to that generous man this its rivals. It is also the and amiable party which admits no difference of will be gratefully accepted. The author treats first vanced thought than any of but , and the early history hilos phic Nonconformists ; and as opinion to proceed from honest conviction, of the Mythical Period of the organ of the p o all serio s , passing to Homer such, people who do not read it assume it to be brands as " the doctrine of barricades " u Greek Language. Then , he ex- seotarian. This is by no means the case. With desire to remedy existing evils. amines the " Homeric question," and illustrates the distinct and consistent views of religion it unites Lamartine has published his Toussaint Lou- unity of the poems by external and internal evidences, the most enlarged and' liberal views of Science, verture, with a preface, in which he tells us that it in the course of which the characters, style, action, Politics. Headers of the Leader was not meant as a drama, " it was a political act, divine mechanism, ethical doctrines, and dramatic Literature, and , and in who respect every variety of sincere conviction will it was a cry of Humanity—in five acts treatment are displayed at great length. Herein he appreciate the earnest and tolerant spirit of this verse " —an anticlimax which will make the presents us with an agreeable but somewhat desultory Review. We particularly t refer them to the very reader smile. Indeed, the whole preface will do great love of, and familiarity ium on booksellers. A criticism, showing with masterly article, Recent Aspects of Socialism, as that ; especially the eulog the two great epics, but not showing any remarkable distinguished for its grasp of the subject, lucidity new novel by Jules Janin, called La Religieuse has just appeared : it is said to be his subtlety or novelty of view. Colonel Mure is rather of exposition, and philosophic tone. Considering de Toulouse, a dissertator than a critic ; and as a dissertator he is the quarter from which the Review emanates, we most careful work ; but the best " romans " J. J. will ever write are those inimitable feuilletons with diffuse and conventional. may assert that Socialism has received no more the y. Indeed as everything in England which he makes Monday's D&bats a paper not to The Cyclic Poets—Hesiod—and " miscella- valuable all ic poetry of the period," form the succeed- goes by " respectability," it is not a little cheering be missed. neous ep to see the progress which Socialism is making ing chapters. The Lyric Poets and the early history among our most respectable classes. It is no MUBE' S LITERATURE OF GREECE. of writing in Greece occupy the third volume. The longer possible to pooh, pooh V that which our A Critical History of the Language and Literature of Ancient best portion of this volume is, perhaps, the chapter " Greece. By William Mure of Caldwell. 3 vols. Long-man philosophic publicists, our energetic clergy, our and Co. on Sappho, which, although of little value as a critu deepest-thinking Dissenters, our wealthiest in- The history of Greek Literature is a subject more cism, is interesting as an inquiry into her moral dustrialists, and even our Tory organs, unite in than any other to task the scholarship and fine taste worth and social position. Contravening the argu- declaring to be the grand question of the day. of the writer who should undertake it; and as the ments by which German writers have endeavoured y accompanies the requisite to exalt her into a model of purity, he establishes gossip this week j requisite erudition rarel We have treated you to no " " artistic powers of appreciation and composition , it is very satisfactorily that Sappho was not only a woman for the best of reasons. We hear no literature talked ambitious efforts, of luxurious and even licentious habits, but unequi- of. The Paris elections occupy men ; and women— a subject which still, after so many novel or awaits the proper treatment. Colonel Mure has vocally held the position of a courtezan. He does at least in fashionable circles—have no state with sufficient distinctness the poem so interesting as the romances of real life, undertaken the task, and his first instalment of three not, however, among which are Prince Albert op Prussia's goodly volumes lies before us. great varieties which the Greek grouped under the marriage with Theresa El.ssl.er, and the ap- " In every work regard the writer's end ; " the one general term of Hetairse—a term embracing as proaching marriage of General. Cabrera with canon is excellent if criticism applies itself solely to many classes as our term mistress. To call Aspasia Miss Richards—the heiress, a Miss Coutts on a the author, but where the public has to be considered or Sappho a courtezan, is almost as incorrect as to call smaller scale. London is desperately in want of a the canon must be set aside. As " tasters " for the a Lady A. a " cyprian," because she openly lives with " sensation." public, we have to inquire how far the " writer's Lord B. or Sir Harry C. The only distinction be- wants. Such is eminently tween the ancient and the modern woman here, is healthy symptom : they end " can fulfil the public In Germany there is one the case with a grave and expensive work like the that.the Hetairae were educated at Lesbos and Miletus can still laugh at their own follies. If the fun be our journal would profession. Are not ours educated not of the most intensely h umorous or spirituel present. A whole number of expressly for the ir gravity, scarcely suffice for a thorough criticism ; a few para- to catch a husband ? order, it is at any rate enough to relax the the and give their metaphysic-oppressed bosoms the graphs will put our readers in possession of that in- In conclusion we ase disposed to recommend breathing-room of a laugh. Yes, in spite of Berlin, formation they may desire before determining upon work to students and scholars, warning the general Vienna, Frankfort, and Erfurt, the Germans can the purchase of the work. reader that it is wanting somewhat in beauty of style, still laugh. There is Meissner, the author of The Critical History of Greek Litera ture has certain clearness and symmetry of arrangement, depth and Ziska, who now laughs at his countrymen in a merits of its own , and will be read with some interest delicacy of criticism. Its merits are prodigality of poem called Der Sohn des Atta Troll—a con- by the small section of mankind indulging in "learned details, conscientious citation and research, admir- tinuation o£ the famous and ail-too hilarious Atta leisure ; " for it treats with great amplitude of detail able tone and temper in differing from the opinions Troll of the incomparable Heine. In it the Par- and with no superficial hasty erudition, of topics of others, and modest candour in advancing its own liament at Frankfort is ridiculed unsparingly, and eternally interesting, Homer and the Lyric Poets. views. It is the work of a scholar and a gentleman, its statesmen, its " besten Manner " its " Vertrau- But in no sense of the word is it a popular book. not a pedant : that is its charm. ungsvollen " its romanticists, and its constitution- Here we note the main defect. It is not of that ca- spinners, pass over the scene in comic exaggeration. libre which will assure it a high reputation among MADAME PULSZKY' S HUNGARY. heard occasionally amid But there is a stifled sob scholars and critics ; nor of that concentrated, clear, Memoirs of a Hungarian Lady. By Theresa Pulszky. "With the laughter. The lips smile, but the eye is moist. hic character which can adapt it to the needs an Historical Introduction , by Francis Pulszky. H. Colburn. A certain lyric gusto and lyric melancholy, peculiar and grap of the general public. It is a carefull3'-written , Theresa Pulszky is the daughter of a Viennese to Heine, is traceable in Meissner's work. y, is a Hun- Count Auersperg—known under his poetic respectable book ; a labour of love, not a work of banker. Her husband, Francis Pulszk title as Anastasius Grun, comes forth with a power. Colonel Mure has studied the subject with garian gentleman ; he had from his youth taken an new poem called Der Pfaffi vom Kahlenberge. exemplary diligence. But although devoting nearly active interest in national politics ; and in the recent Some years ago we saw the first three cantos of two-thirds of the work to Homer, and principally to war for national independence, he took an active this poem in manuscript, and the exquisite beauty the settlement of the " Wolfian " controversy, res- share. The two volumes before us will carry some of its landscapes, together with the noble thoughts pecting the " unity " of composition , he has, to our knowledge of Hungarian affairs into quarters which expressed, make us curious to see the whole. He apprehension, left the subject precisely where he more complete and grave historical essays would is the first of the modern poets in respect of genuine found it, and we have learned absolutely nothing fail to attain. The contents may be divided into four poetic afflatus. from his elaborate investigation. Compared with the parts—an historical retrospect by Francis Pulszky ; a glance at Hungarian life by the authoress, before There is never any danger of the French forgetting chapter in Mr. Grote's History of Greece, where the same topic is handled, Colonel Mure's discussion the war ; the personal adventures of the authoress, how to laugh; the danger is rather the other way ; her husband ; and the his- their excessive susceptibility to the ridiculous needs is not more remarkable for its want of force than for in her attempts to rejoin the inordinate space devoted to it. What, we ask, torical events of the last two years. His fourth rather repressing than cultivating. It is not a good be trait in them that they have been the first to ridi- is to be the voluminousness of a History of Greek section is connected and complete, and it may cule their own heroisms. If they are now ashamed Literature when three volumes are needed for Homer considered on the Hungarian side, at least, as being of the ridicule thrown upon Joan of Arc, the spirit and the earlier Lyric Poets ? Upon this scale three the most correct narrative that has yet appeared. On which prompted it remains. Only last week, volumes at least will be needed for the dramatists, the whole, however, it does not tell much that is Scribe delighted Paris with a buffoonery on two for the historians and bclle-lcttrists, and how new;iin<» • andr%r *A the+li /-v correctionsnrwTr *r>+ ir\na whichur ViinVl itit. furnishesflirfllSnflS areQT6 ofOl lish Heloise. He has written a comedie-vaudeville many for the Alexandrian, and Byzantine writers ? the less interest, since the opinion of the Eng called Abvlarde et Heloise j and although the real We do not grumble at this extent as objectionable public, in the main, comes very close to the one Abelard and Heloise are not the actors therein, it in itself, wo merely suggest that to warrant such which is suggested by the perusal of the work. The is their tragic story which is laughed at. voluminousness in these days, there must be some trnnsparent good faith of the authoress does not Lucikn dr la Hoddr has published his considerable qualities : encyclopediacal extent must defend her, we suspect, from some inevitable trans- bulky diatribe against the republicans, Histoire des encyclopediacal fulness. This fulness gressions of fact in allusions to the enemies of her Society Secretes et dtt, at least show Parti Republica n de 1830- Colonel Mure's work does not promise. To test him country. The estimate which she forms of Jella- 1848 , in the preface to which he naively says, , chich appears to bo inconsistent with his actual that he " means not to insult but to treat as they by the portion on which he has bestowed his strength the Homeric question , we emphatically say, that achievements ; and his position in the imperial deserve,** the factious Republicans. It abounds im- , while his own views are stated with an amplitude councils and the traits of unofficerlike conduct in scandal and is written in the approved style. To the gentlemen of the Austrian army, are all les bien peasants these revelationswill, doubtless, and iteration enough to exhaust the subject, he puted to nowhere states, with the precision and amplitude perfectly incredible of any number of men wearing be very satisfactory. For ourselves, in wading y within through the studied insults, foolish lies, and per- necessary to a fair conduct of the inquiry, the argu- the sword. What fell more immediatel those who hold the adverse opinion her own knowledge, Madame Pulszky relates with petual aspersion of motives which this police-spy ments by which thp has gathered into a volume with all the outward support that opinion ; nor indeed , to speak plainly, the unaffected perspicuity of a woman and con professions of historical and moral dignity, we do we feel convinced that he himself lias ever centruterl discrimination , of u practical politician. could not help the reflection that this style was thoroughly mastered those argu ments. Viewed, therefore , as a rapid glance ut Hungaiian May 4, 1850.] Mt)t . &*&&£?? 135 imbued with the spirit volunta ril y fancie d myself transported back to the Galilee will evinced in the conduct of the Pa laum bt< phen , events by a person thoroug hl y ' movements , the book must be of the O1<1 Testament . Doubtless , nothing convey * and unuiist ikeab i y recorded in his letter to the of the Hunga rian more vividl y the indestruc tible vigour of a nation ality up appendix valuable cont ribution to history. The Emperor published in the to Madame considere d a held by religion , than the historical phenomenon ot the Hu ngarians relied on forei gn extrac tion adds an additional Jewish existence. " Pulszk y's book . No doubt the authoress' - did not make the most of n for the particular task , since it contri- The position of the lord in a Hu ngarian manor their Palati ne ; but th ey qualifi cati the gener al belief in a certain freshness of observation and the was that of great feudal power. One anecdote him. The aut horess confir ms buted Gorgey, a man of unquestioned power of rega rding things from without ; while her among the many that diversif y the volumes will the treachery of and even patri otism , but anxious domestic familiarity enabled her to acquire perfect illustrate this forcibl y: — ability and courage , distinction . »nd jeal ous of others ' supre- knowledge of the subject upon which she treats. HUNGAR IAN MAKRIAGE. —FEUDAL LAW. for personal narrati ve suggests the doubt whether he The spirit and significance of recent events in " Baron Palocsay 's castle m ver preset , trd a more cu- macy : h« r Hungary would be very imperfectl y understood with- rious aspect , than every year in autumn , which , in the was sufficiently conciliated. knowledge of the anter ior history of the coun- highlands , is the general wedding season with the pea- The volumes also have a graver lesson . All the out a sant , who rarel y enters into this auspicious state until venial com- of its national customs. The ret rospective errors of the Hungarians are tri vinl and tr y, and after the har vest , when his most pressing labours are dem- ra lized the theref ore , which prefaces the work is a very over. pared to that vast err or which has ess-ay, ated doer me of m>n« useful memora ndum. It dra ws the narrative of " At tha t spason the baron used to assemble in h's hall whole of Eu< ope — t>» e exagger progress from the depths of the middle all peasanr-cirls f . from sixtr- en to twenty years o'd , and intervention. Not to interfere in the affairs ot a Hunga rian all the la ds, from twent y-two to twent y-six, belong ing to is soun » sense ; it shows how the belligerent character of th«' forei gn state for purposes of dotatio n, ages his man or j which had a Slovak popu lation He had the con- race esta^l-shed the custom of electing the them ra nged opposite to one an other , sorted them pair in international conduct as \* wnuM he in dominan t « from « " earl y rep resentative of the future Kins, by pa ir , and sai d : Thou J ancsi (John ) art. precisel y fir duct of individuals ; but expr rhsl y to abs'ain Duke , ihou And ia< (Andrew), for in a whole •• primus inter pares. " You t hus see what for Marcsa (Mary) ; and defending the right because it is assailed but onl y Hanc sa (Anne) ,' an d so on. The couples thus desif? to wrong . And the the King from the first in a position not un- , where the chaplai n announce d nation , is to grant immunity placed nate d went to the chapel stood aside while Hungary that established by the English Barons at Run- their marriages , wh ich after a fortni ght were perfo imed , nations of Europe that like y mar ried received a cow and was oppressed by a conspiracy of crowned heads nymede. and every one of the newl man v other accommodations for their establishm ent. and a combina tion of alien armies is a crime among The geograp hical situat ion of Hungary, and the " When , however , one of the lads objected to the choice the nations which the y will have to repay in many a successful contest of its inhabitants against the made for his benefit, an d mention ed his disinclination for le against the same consp iracy. Mu ssulmans , not onl y procured for them the respect Hancsa , and his preference for Ilya (Ellen), the bar on strugg believe it, and obliged the hbouring powers , but also fortifie d the na- would reply that he did not of neig lad , as a proo f of his love, to endure twenty -five lashes. tional charac ter , its independence and self-reliance. If he underwent this trial he was free to chose for him- SCIENCE IN FABLE . Its junction to a feebl er but vaster state , however , self." The Poor Artist ; or. Seven Eyesights and One Object. Van proved practica lly fatal to the in- classes had Voors t. has in the end This subject position of the labouring poet It bears no signature ; Emper ors of Austria and A wrote this book . depende nce. If the recent been under a process of gradual emanci pation ; but beau ty, bears the un- intelli gence, it does ap- but its science, no less than its their ministers had had more the subj ection was not without its favourable side. ; and a very charming ht have taken thei r stand equivocal signature of a poet pear possible that they mig If the lord possessed considerable power , he also pos- its being a chef-d ' oeuvre her free institutions , rather than work it is. Nothing prevents upon Hu ngary and sessed the means of bestowing great benefits upon of a thread of feeble and bureaucracy. The but the unhappy weaving upon mongrel Austria and its his people; and where a generous personal spiri t querulous satire in the bri ght web of fancy for all parties. somewhat choice would have been safer tended to develope the generous turn of the national observa tion. That affect ed us like a Min isters mistook their embroidered by But the Emperor and their institutions , there can be no doubt that the social dissonance. We cannot app laud the ton e taken was governed by its royal than those in true interests. Hungary relations were in many respects bette r respecting neglected genius " and the indiffe rence provi nce ; and by a succession technical " Palati ne as an alien some countries that can boast more perfe ct of the public ; the whole arg ument is grounded on le for power which upset there was a famin e of compromises , the strugg freedom. Duri ng the year 1847, an ignoratio elenchi , or on a positiv e misappreh ension a coordinate ju risdiction , his wife were abl e that impract icable delusion , after two bad years, Pulszky and of actual life ; but , greatl y as we should be disposed 1848. Down to this not onl by giving was postpo ned unt il the year to assist the people on their estate , y question its appea rance in any book , its appear- made to year , in spite of the considerable improve ments them employment and remuneration , but also by ance amidst so much that is fanciful , true , and exempt from indust ry into pro- by the Hungarian nob les, not altogether stimul ating and direct ing their beautiful is peculiarl y object ionable. A sad wail of preserved the main domestic pre ssure , the people had ductive channels facilitated by means of loans . despondency— a deep and bitter curse of despair— simple in- characteristics of the n ational character , As a nation they are impress ed with their own the agony of impassio ned self-love frustrated in telligence, manl y and equest rian hab its in the superiority to the servile Germ ans ; they believed that its aims — would have better assorted with the country, the pract ical exercise of traditional institu- they had , in fact , retained their indepen d ence which poetry of the book , because passion idealizes and tions in the towns. Mada me Pulszk y's earlier volume had been nominall y conceded. Conscious of great ennobles ; but to make a framework of the com- relied upon that to is full of instructive illustrations. The manor in courage and military tact , they plaint — half fretful , half satirical — that , for an which the family resided was sixty English miles maintain their independe nce. The trad itions , affec- artist , something more is requ isite than to do a thin g from Pesth. A castle in a fertile valley, with a con- tions , nay, the pr ide of such a people, might have well, he must also make a name—to squirt acid servatory and other modern addenda , surrounded by been made sources of power to their rulers . On this upon the world because it is an ignorant world , a semi-circle of eight villages :— point not less instr uctive tha n the more palpable needing to be taught an artist 's merits—to insinuate COUNTRY IilFE OF THE HUNGARI ANS. bad statesm anship that tampered with institutions , that , unless an artist is also a charlatan , there is no we were in this " The boroug h , with whose inhabitants is the contrast between the spirit with which the hope for him in life—this, we say, makes a frame - unint erru pted contac t , derived its ori gin from t he times Maria Theresa treated her Hungarian subjects when the fortress , delivered from the Turks , had been astute work singularl y inapprop riate to the picture , full of aban done d by its garrison , who became the nucleus of and th e pedantry of her son Josep h. delicate observat ion and curious science wh ich it the little town. Their magistrate still bore the title of Leop old the Second had shown in Tuscany that he contains. Such a framewo rk spoils a chef- d'oeuvre ; of mayor ; and young and Hadnag y (lieutenant) instead could unite the philosop hic statesmanshi p of Joseph fortunately it is no more than a framework , and old were ra ther proud of their boroug h, an d thought Theresi a's power of appealing to the themselves ill-used when short- sighted ignorance chanced with Ma ria might be cut away without destroy ing what is to mistake for a village what they complimented them- affect ions of the people. He had scarcel y attained excellent. selves by considering a town . the Austrian throne , however , ere female jealousy The Poor Art ist " is the story of a struggling consisted of from three to four thou - " " The population removed him, by poison. Had that accident not man of genius vainly endeavouring, by his genius san d ; a fourth of these were Jews , and about a hundred imperial history, it is pro- g ipsies. There was a market , which , thoug h on a small turned the course of the alone , to get bread ; but althoug h his pictures , when scale, was attended by many of the inhabitants of the sur- babl e that Leopold would hav e made Hun gary a sold und er his master 's nam e, fetch high prices , no round ing villages. The place had a pleasant aspect. powerful lever by which to elevat e the whole empire : one will look at the m when he avows them as his There were shops of all kinds , certainl y not like those in the bur eaucrats of Vienna endea voured to evade and own. Does any one believe this ? Does the author liegent-street; indeed , with a twentieth part of a London kingdom. mizzling fog, the imperfec t pavements would have va- circum vent the independent himself believe it ? Well ; in his poverty he meets nished not onl y from the sight , but likewise from the All the mistakes , however , have not been on the with Aurelia , and , somewhat rapidl y, they fall in love foot of the pedestrian ; for much less moisture than the side of the Imp erialists — indeed , the impartia l with each other. That is but le premi er pas, and not Enslish coachmen call damp, sufficed to mash the loam become a sadder and a wiser man in noting sensible " uncles interfere , into mud My Viennese silk shoes were theref ore soon reader will the pas qui coule; for " and exchanged for stout leather boots , more peasant-like than the mistakes which Madame Pulszk y' s narrative represe nt to the artist that , till he has made a name lad y-l ike in appearance. indica tes, even where she does not expressl y men- and become " somebody, " no mention of marriage " The majority of the tr aders were Jews, who were tion them as such . The whole war was full of errors can be listened to. Make a name ! Ay, that , more active in Hungary perha ps than anywhere else, before been painted , ow ing to the natural propensity of the Hungarian peasant on both sides, errors which have accord ing to our autho r , is the grand thing in life ; a to have some one to deal for him while he prefers to bask but which become more glaring when th ey are name is a talism an ; but how make it ? as much as may be in the comfort of orien tal e«se. This , broug ht together by a connecte d account. Kossuth « Oh how, sir ?' asked the poor artist , earnestly ; united turn of mind of the Hun- ' to the good-humour ed refused to recal l the Hung arian troops from Ita ly, ' and of what sort?* garia n people , affords to the Israe lites a position much tr oops from •< < Of a cap ital sort , to be sure !' shouted the unoli*. prefer able to that which they are grudg inaly allowed in lest Austria should release the Croatian calculating policy which prevented < I would astoni sh—th at ' s the point—I would astonnh Germ any. In Hungary, it is only where the German that peninsula ; a people. I would point something that the eye of man element predominates among the merchants in the towns , the effective cooperation between Italy and Hungary had never bf? fore seen.' that the antipathy to the sons of Judah is retaine d . The strengt hened the nat ional cause for , perhaps , nobody would unders tand it,1 said dirty , when rich , that might have " ' Then latte r , when poor , are gener all y very werepa id in kind ; and when the the artist , innocentl y. often arroga nt ; but always indu strious and religiously both . The Hungar ians •« them to the Austrian • Pooh ! what has understandin g to do with the beneficent. Viennese hesitated to summon matter , so that people ar e astonished ? Mankind are " I found them so with us. Moat of them were poor, cap ital , the ultimate defeat of Vienna repe ated the but by what they do not the mutual not led by their understandings , but this did not prevent their association for lesson which Hun gary had learne d. The English understand. The world will run after anyjgiiisfatuus j supp ort of those who most needed assistanc e ; and , in by what but no man will run after a wax taper , though it be spite of adhering firmly in their habits of life to their ex- politician has a difficulty in underst anding nati onalist s were carried by a pr ophet , I say. you •must . aston ish—. clusive Mosaic forms , they readil y joined with Christi ans practical considerations the Italian astound—confound ! Und erfttamuug is the destruction for the furth erance of charitable objects. Thoug h in moved , in failing to make better use of certa in When pcop know all about things , the y are of astonishment 'e constant friendly intercourse with our people, Princes amongst them. In like man ner the Hun- wonder ceases. Yes, yes. Go and paint something still as striking ly distinct from them there as anywhere good- perfectl y wonderful—incred ible ; something, 18 ay ,vrhicn in. the world. In their well-conducted synagogue I in- garians appear to have neglected the manifest 136 G$e 9Le&tf 0 t. [Satur day, that will gam observed a spid er dangling and swinging gracefu lly close and you never meet a horse in a lane or road , without the eye of man has never yet seen—and with eyes as sharp as his giving a quiet look at you as he passes.' you a name. _ . . . . ,. to his cheek , and staring at him ' , packet into His pins. «'' Reall y,' exclaimed the artist , ' this is all very " So saying, the uncle slipped a sealed ? , true ; and , as regar ds the cat , it is very surpr ising, Enclosed were twen ty guineas, " I have listened to all the conversa tion down here j ^ hand and rode away. « y were said ?he , and I have obser ved everything with my usual pair of eyes so wonderful and beautiful , not to say enveloped in a hasty scra wl, to the effect that ' alarming, one would have expected to be the in paj ment for his nine greenho use pictur es. ^ attent ion.' most " Here she ran rap idly up her line a few inches , and observant of visual organs. ' And now the beauty of the book commence. The then stopped. " • Not so; ' interr upted the spider. ' But what can. and there taking out surpr ising object in the woods be expected of one pair of eyes ?' artist has wandered into a wood, " ' I have seen a mor e • by Aurelia—it is this morning than either of you have described. ' " ' Ah !' said the bee, there is more th an the question the beloved volume given him again stopped. of numbers in this. It is the thing behind the eye reads of talking ani- " She ra n up a little higher , and tha t Lafontaine 's " Fables " —he " ' I shoul d like to have a picture of it.' makes the great difference in all our visions. It is the mals and insect wisdom, till sleep weighs down " And with these words she ran , leg over leg, up her mind , Mrs. Spinster ,—yes, it is the mind tha t make s the line, and ensconced herself beneath a withered leaf on a sort of sight we see.' his eyes :— over at the artist "' Nof' cried the robin , abruptl y, ' no; it is of the tr ees and shrubs bowed twi g above , from which she peeped the " The green foliage below. ._ object that makes all the difference with me.' and gracefully aroun d the sleeping artist , as , , i er , extending softly tender recognition " * Come down and tell us what you have seen, said " ' Look ! * said the sp d and raisin g one though to do him honour , and in of peerin g o er claw , as if to demonstrate a prob lem ; ' look ! the and to themselves. Xhe Ijght was the ant; ' don 't sit all of a shrug up there , v object his services to nature with your squinny eyes ; but come down and tell us is the first thing, call it A; the mind is the third thing, subdued by the passage of some dark blue and grey call it C ; and the middle thing, call it X, is the sor t of but the air was warm , and the singing abo ut it.' . . clouds overhead ; «I can do tha t just as well up here ,' said the spider , eyes we have , an d these mediate or interpret all from of the gnats , mingled with the distant sheep-bellB , and " which is most likely, without , to all that 's within. And hence the eyes, voice of a stock-dove , made a pleasant ' and if you are hard of hearing, — the occasional you may come and sit upon the corn er of my web while what they are , and how they see,—mak e the fact , an£ woodland sound. . ,.. difference of visible nature thro ughout all living creat ures «? sleeper , heard any of this*. is uncer tain j I describe the object. ' . Whethe r the • Thank you,' said the ant. ' Who killed her seventh A+X=C,—th e object added to the peculiar eyesight ,— or , if he heard it at all, it was only in the half-consc ious " concernin g that object. ' a charm to a nap in a green wood. husband yesterday mornin g ?' gives the mind way which gives such « t be spiteful!' interp osed the bee. ' Perhaps '" I work it differently, ' said the bee. 'I wor k it At these times the inventive faculties seem perfectl y " Don' the mind is equal delicious indolence there was a reason for it.' A + C=X ; the object added to to the quiescent , but able to enjoy with everything, ' said the ant ; but that eyesight. ' the grea t inventive dream of natur e which surrounds " ' So there is for them. does not alter a black fact. '" A robin succeeds the cat ; but we must pau se. " In this half-wakeful condition the artist became It is needless to point out the delicate observation h if we say th at the one object described by the rest , which Enoug aware of a sound more distinct th an and quiet humour , with its dramatic propr iety, in the seven creatu res (inclu din g the artist , who sees it from time to time mingled with the hum of the gnats , reader will appreciate them , and then r ose above it. Presently it seemed to become these passages j every as a soverei gn) presents pictures as different to each articulate. He could ajmo»t fancy it uttered words. especially when met with in the text itself, where as each creature is to the other. Yes—it surel y must be so. W hat was that ? It was they look better than this wreste d into fragments. the author quit the world of ani- voice that said someth ing. No sooner does certainly a sort of humming The app earance of the cat is descr ibed with sin- the world of man than our interest suddenl " The artist listened more atten tively, and almost mals for y holding his breath , but still without opening his eyes. gula r felicity :— ceases. His fable is less fantastic than his real life. And the voice said , in a low sonorous murmur :— " While our artist was reflecting on the wonderful— ider, bee, cat , and fish are truer than his variet ies that exist in nature , he saw a His sp • Busy—busy—buzzin g brain , the mira culous beings. The re ason is simple: in one case nothin g gain.* cat saunter ing down a narrow path way, or rab bit-run , in human Use your hands , or ination , guided by observat ion , listening in- the wood , and leisur ely coming towa rds them. the poet 's imag con- " The artist lay quiet a few seconds, ?* Would you like to have your portrait taken , tentl y, with his eyes still closed. All was silent. He * cerns itself with the actual truth ; in the other case, rou nd on all Pussy ?' crie d the ant merril y. misadjustment of vision caused by the wish then softly raise d himself , and looked The art ist looked hopefully at the cat : * Ah,' sai d there is a sides. Presently he saw a leaf trem ble—-then anoth er— " moral , and that a false one. he, ' if you, now, have seen anyth ing novel«this morning, to point a satirical " " then the cup of a flower shake very much—and , not- a picture , I might indee d expect we conclude with a hearty and emphatic recom- withstan ding a great bustling and buzzing inside , he which would mak e But somethi ng trul y splendid from the peculiar vision of mendation of the book as a curious and delightful was yet able to distinguish words amids t the low and ever-chan ging eyes.' humming monotony of the under song. The words those lustrous contribution to poetry, natural history, and sper " The cat stopped—an d stared at the party with large were the same as before :— r ound eyes, setting her ears erect. culation. • Busy—busy—buzzing brain , '• ' This is no cat!' cried the ant : ' this must be the Use your bands , or nothin g gain.' horned owl!' BOOKS ON OUR TABLE . " It cam e from the inside of that flower-cup that was •• ' What sa y you , madam ?' said the artis t , extending Hou sehold Words. Conducted by Charles Dickens. Monthl y shaking so! Yes—there could be no doubt of it. The one hand with a courteous smile towards the cat , inviting Part. flower now shook and nodded more than ever , and , her approach. This very agreea ble miscellany is even better in its with a bustling and fussing noise of voice and of wings , " But the cat only continued her staring. monthl y part than in weekly numbers , for the tales are up came the head and shoulders of a bee ! She held " ' What does she take us for ?' asked the bee, turn ing bp read as wholes. The general with her strong arms all finished in it , an d can fast upon the upper rim of the cup, to the artist. abil ity d isplayed in it would be no mystery were the names bent over , an d 6tared wisely at the artist with her two " * You might at least open your mouth , Mrs. Mary appende d to the variou s articles , for we trace in them the da rk horny eyes." Howe !' sai d the ant. " fine Roman ban d " of more than one eminent author have a pleasant chat together , " ' Pray come nearer ,' continued the artist ; ' I beg— besides its editor. Nevertheless we believe the preserva- The bee and the ar tist I entreat you will. Nay, I must insiBt upon it.' which results in the artist unde rtaking to paint some- tion of the anonymous is more effective on the whole. " The cat stared at him as at first : then , turn ing her Nothin g can be better than the spirit of this work in its thing which the bee has seen, and to paint it precisel y head on one side, fell to licking her shoulder , as thoug h treatm ent of all social quest ions ; and the popular mode it. The following snatch of their dia- it require d an immediate and particular attention. subjects as prison discipline, un iversity as she describes borne this insolent of bring ing such logue reminds one of Voltaire's exquisite tales:— " The company present having educat ion , &c , home to the " business and bosoms " of indifference a sufficient length of time , our artist re- the mass of rea ders is both effective and useful. " ' I suppose ,' said the bee, * you see all things as quested her ladyship to inform him if he could be of any upr ight and roundab out? ' More Prose and Verse. By the Corn Law Rh ymer. 2 Vols service to her , and if so, perhaps she would favour him Charles Fox. " • By no means,' rep lied the artist ; ' we see things with her command s. of the shape they really are. ' ?• The cat now raised her head , and , turn ing her gaze We have been greatly disappointed with these volumes. " ' How many eyes have you got ? ' demanded the upwar d , star ed all rou nd at the tops of the trees with her They are interestin g in deed as the productions of so re- bee. • I see only two in your face. You have no doubt large shinin g eyes, an d then , settl ing herse lf in an atti- markable a writer , an d still more interesting from the others on the top of your head , as I have , or others comfort , quiet ly said : — light they throw upon his personal character ; but as tude of picturesque ease and y of his reputation : bitter , per- elsewhere. ' " ' I have been watching you all , this last half hour , poems they are unworth " « No,' rep lied the artist , beginning to hesitate. in hopes you would go away, as I want this place to sona l, and—worst fault of all in poems—commonplace. ' No, I have onl y two Rim ple eyes.' myself for a little while. ' In the " Year of Seeds " an d one or two ballads we hear " • Then ,' said the bee , ' you must be a ver y arrogant , •• « W hy ?' inquired the ant. the chords of the old harp sounding as of yore , but the or a very ignorant , creature. For how should you '— " The artist looked round about to see if there were bulk of the volumes has little intrinsic value. here she raised one of her antennas , and moved it slowly any mouse or rat holes, which might render this spot Eight Letters to the Young Men of the Working Classes. By up and down , as if lay ing down the law— ' how should valuab le i n her eyes; but , observ ing none , he said :— Thomas Cooper , Author of " Th e Pur gatory of Suicides." you see everything as it is, unless you had the eyes of " ' I was in hopes , madam , that you n.ight have added J. Watson. all other creatures , who see it accordin g to every variety to my stock of orig inal sketches this morning by a When a man sets down to delibera tel y record the expe- suitable to its nature with relat ion to their own natures ; description of some novel thing or other you had riences of his own life, the steps by wh'ch his ascent was or unless your two eyes, instead of being of a simple encountered in the wood. ' gained , the ener gies it needed and called forth , he fulfils kind , as you say they are , should be compounded of the " But the cat was now sitting with her back towards the real office of literature ; when a remarkable man does powerR of all other eyes ?' the group, apparentl y occupied with looking into the so, he " does the state some service. " This Thomas •• ' So I consider them to be ,' said the artis t ; ' all the wood beyon d , an d with her own thoug hts ,—of which Cooper—a remarkable man on man y accounts—h as done wonders of other s being thu s reduced to a simple action. thoughts the company present formed no part whatever. in his unpretendin g, but extremel y useful , little work. Moreover , we do not regard exter nal objects as de- " ' You might at least give a civil answer !' murmured It is addressed to young men of the working classes, to pen dent on how we see them , or what shap e and colour the bee. whom , of course , Thomas Cooper speaks with that au- we ace them. They are something of themselves, what- •• • I see many new things ,' said the cat , * which are thority which their sympath y invests him with ; but ever they may appear to different visions.' profited by study ing its 14 not worth speaking about .' young men of all classes will be ' And you believe , then , that you see what that " • Have you seen any new thing this morning that precept s, delivered in strong, homel y language , and Komethiiv * ronlly is; all other visions being naturall y icture ?' inquired the artist , who was now uttered not for •• effect," but for tuition. in would make a p deceived ; all other creatures dwelling therefore resolved to avail himself to the utmost of his present Egcria ; or , the Spirit of Nature and Other Poems. By Charles systematic illusion ? ' oppor tunity in finding originality. of Voices from the Crowd. " D. Bogue. and at last M ackay, Author " " The artist considered for some time , '?' Yes, ' rep lied the cat , scratching one ear ; ' but it is Mr. Mackay is secur e of an audien ce ; his political poems said :— worth the trouble of telling. ' " popular. In the present volum e • is given to the not have been thor oug hly " Yes ; the prerogative of actuality This snatch of philosophy will also be read with he comes forward with a longer and more ambi- eyesight of man. ' we shall return for the 44 • tious poem than usual , to which Who told you so ?' demanded the bee. interest :— purpose of comprehensi ve criticism , on some occasion " • Mv own leaaon ,* answere d the artist. " * A cat ," said the ant , with a brisk and confident with books demanding • gravest flatterer We when our table is less covered " Self-love 's ,' rep lied the bee. ' , air of youthful philosophy ,—' a cat observes nothing that notice : poems are not things of a day. Meanwhile we of the bee species , say the same thing, —and truly. '" does not immediately concern her own eating or catching with announcing the appearance all creatures who have onl must cont ent our selves No sooner has the artist sketched the object accord- interests. In fact , y four legs of the volume , and giving a hearty recommendation of it are very deficient in observation. ' readers. ing to the bee's directions than an ant (Captain •" That is not a correct statement ,' said the bee ; to our Mandible) appro ach es, and, joining in the friendl y exclusivel y of your own The Education of the Feelings . By Charles Bray. 2nd Edition. ' you are thinking powers of Longman and Co , talk, also proposes that what he lias scon shall be minute and excursive examina tion. Four-legged crea - upper sight. Dogs We are not surpri sed to see a second edition of this very paflMfl ^raifiMllnKfT tures often have good , for insta nce , are , ff . great observers ; nothin g escapes the eye of a monkey ;* admir able work. The importance of the topic , and the calm /^Rta pLfl l^J ^\^\er end o{ a fine anB^nMbjG^^^W\««Y>ythe end to the twig • Not prop erly a quadrupe d , nor a bi ped ; but a quadrumane , it a valued friend to every famil y. Let any man reflect /t^sTjl^Uwhl^^^anifW over his head, the artist now or , as the Germans call it, vier-handig. upon the education of one kind or another which his (^[^^KS-T^Kfi &} ¦ ¦ ' k 'i-^ ^ > J y^1 ' • ^ ^ iiffi i^ ' ; < •'* vyrV Ma* 4, 1850.] ffill tf &£&& *?+ 137 feelings necessarily undergo in the trai ning of bis earl y melodies are equally familiar, the pets alike of dukes withou t the slightest appare nt effort. We hope and year s, and he will see how importan t it is that parents an d of dustmen . Then , thoug h the libr etto of an expect shortl y to see Miss Pyne on the stage of the and instructors should hare clear and defined princi ples opera is allowed to be stup id, the drama is interest - Italian Opera. All the performers were called for at upon which to act. Let any man look around him , or ing in the extreme. In the regions of fashion, even, the conclusion of the opera , and the success with the look back into his past life and see the err ors , pernicious it has power s to excite, and to see the old ladies audience was most decisive. erro rs , which have distorted the tendencies of our nature , weep at the •' Surrey " for the sorro ws of " Aaiina ," and he will see at once the practical bearing of such a ght not easily to be forgotten . The Sonnambula work as thi s. Mr. Bray is a phrenologi st and takes the is a si THE DRAMA. ical classification and analysis of the faculties ; is the perfection of '• Minor opera. " phreno log great as ever in Amina. Drt jby Lane. —The Antigone was regarded by an- but that need deter no antagonist to phrenology , for one Sontag was as " " The and consummation of Mr. Bray 's work is that it suits every system " Ah ! non giunge " was a splendid effort of brilli ant cient critics as the flower excellence of and if modern crit ics have been less as well as phreno logy. Human nature remains the same, vocalization , and comman ded an inevitable encore. Gree k art , , whate ver theorie s we may adopt ; and it is with the ele- Sims Reeves essayed " El vino " in Italian for th e enthusiastic in the ir admirat ion, it is becau se they mentar y feelings of our nature Mr. Bray deals. first time before the Londoners. His success was could not thoroug hly sympathize with its intensely most unequivocal . His acting and singing—par - Athenian eth ics. Indeed , their ignorance of Grecia n jf Voyage to the Arctic Region *. By K. A. Goodsir. Van ticularl y in the " bedroo m scene " —were of the very feelings and ideas has led them almost universa lly to Voorst. first order . Sims Reeves has now fairl y estab lished mistake its scope and bearing. But, in spite of this Jn Elementary Course of Geology, Mineralogy, f ind Physical his ri ght to rank with the best tenor singers of misconception , the etern al beauty of the work has Geography. By David T. Ansted , M .A. F.H.S. Van Voorst. Europe. embalmed it. One may say, indeed, th at no work On Thurs day the Huguenots was given, for the first can be trul y great in Art that does not appea l to the sympat hies of all ages and of all nat ions ; whatever NOTE S AND EXTRACTS. time this season , at the Royal Ita lian Opera. This magnific ent work is becoming more and more appre - temporar y or national colouring may pre dominate , Political Economy only Half the Social Eco- ciate d at its true value . Notwith standing its numerous an d give it nation al success on its first appear ance, nomy.—In the recentl y published discussion between there must also be in it the substance of eter nal and Bastiat on the question of Capital an d presentat ions here , we believe it to be the most attrac- Pro udho n , tive performan ce which can take place. It is a univers al truth , or it will peris h, and deserve to Interest, M. Bastiat makes this notable avowal : — perish. In the Antigone there are two subj ects Whate ver may be my sincere admiration for the ad- stri king and masterl y combination of the arts , and , '* , must be ranke d which preeminentl y interested the Ath enians , —the mirable laws of social economy, whatever time I may per haps , all points considere d sanctity of have devoted to the study of that science, with whatever as high in the " major " opera as we have holiness of the rites of sepulture and the confidence its solutions may inspire roe , I am not one of ran ked the Sonnambula in the ••minor. " The the laws. These are , of course , subjects in which all those who believe that it embraces the whole of human cast is pretty much the same as last season. civilized nations deeply sympathize ; but our modern existence. The product ion , distribution ^ circulation , feelings very feebly represent the intensity of the Grisi is "Va lentine ," Mario " Raoul ," Castellan doubt less an d consumption of riches are not all-sufficing to man . " Marguerite de Valois." The performance of the Athenian feelin gs on those points. It is Nothing m nature is without a final cause , and man also opera on Thursday was chiefly remarkab le from shocking to a Christ ian to th ink of the corpse of a must have some other mission besides that of suppl ying brot her exposed to the wild birds , denied the rites of wants. Everything tells us so. Whence the fact that Formes appeared as " Marce l," the his materi al stern Huguenot , so firmly impressed on the public sepult ure , and tossed upon the earth like a vile clod. come the delicacy of his sentiments , the ar dour of his Even to those who believe the soul has passed to asp irations , his facult y for admiration and rapture ? mind by Marini. This lively reminiscence was, of cours e, a great drawback upon the exertions of Formes , heaven , leaving behind it nothing but a tenement of "Whence comes it that he finds a subject for contemp la- c ay, there is still a sancti ty in burial which draws tion in the smallest flower ? that his organs seize so and it ha d the effc-ct of makin g him somewhat ner- l vividly and bear to the soul, like bees to the hive, all th e vous at first—so that the celebrated " Piff, paff " its solemnity fro m our deepest instincts. Far deeper treasur es of beauty and harmony which nature and art was not so successful as usual ; but he soon rallied , and holier were these rites to a Greek. He believed have sprea d aroun d him ? Whence comes it that tears and , in the grand duet with ** Valentine ," in the that the unbur ied corpse was not merely a torture to moisten his eyes at the least trait of devotion which he second act , ach ieved a perfect triump h. His ver- the dead , by condemn ing him to wander forlorn upon hears told ? Whence comes that ebb and flow of affec- sion of Marcel has not the massiveness—the colossal the Styg ian ban ks, un able to pass to Hades for a tion which his hear t elabor ates as it elaborates blood and di pic- hundre d years , it was also an outrage to the In- Whence come his love for humanity and yearnings gnity—of Marini : it is more vivid—more life ? turesque. It is smaller certainl y—but as good , ferna l Deities who claimed th ose rites. Hence the towar ds the infinite ? Those are the indications of a excessive importance given in Homer and the trage- destiny which is not circumscribed in the narro w in anot her way. The orchestra and chorus acquitte d noble themselves with the amount of excellence which we dians to the rescue of the slain and the ensurance of domai n of industrial pro duction. Man has , therefore , a burial. So also an European understands the feeling mission. What is it? Be it what it may, he cannot now regul arl y expect from them . The " Benediction , but in far less absolute attain it if, bowed beneat h the yoke of inexorable and of the Poniards " was a vociferous encore , accord ing of respect for the laws incessant labour , no leisure remains to him in which to to custom . manne r than that which, actuated the democratic develop his organs , his affections , his intellect , the love Athen ian. With us laws are , after all, but human of the beautiful , all that is most pure an d elevated in his Sccira 's Opera : The Or phan of Geneva. — consent s ; with the Athenians they were almost nature ; that which exists in embryo in all men , but re- Signor Schira 's opera , The Orphan of Geneva, pro - divine. To obey them , even when , unjust , was mains for wan t of leisure latent and inert in too many of duced at the Princess 's Theatre on Friday evening, virtue , to disreg ard them was crime. them. " has one of those plots of " thrilling interest " Herei n lies the grand tra gic collision of the Antigone. Pleasant Homes for Workin g Men. —Is it in- whi ch , in the palmy days of melodrama , was ac- " Pol ynices " has waged war against his brother and evitabl e that the suburbs of a manufacturing town must cepted by the audience as a powerful picture of his countr y. Both brothers fall ; and " Creon , " the consist of dense masses of squalid habitations , unb lest rea l life. new King, following the laws, ordains that "Pol y- by a pr oper supply of air , light , or water ; undrained , treason shall be denied the rites of unclean sed, and unswept ; enjoying only t hat portion of The story is one of French orig in , an d became nices " for his civilization which the presence of the police declares ; popular some thirt y years ago in Englan d , chiefl y sepulture. " Antigone " knows full well the justice and pr esentin g a scene which the bette r orders hurry by throug h the acting of Miss Kelly as the heroine , of the edict, but she braves it; she buries her with disgust ? Or , on the contrary, may we not , without " Therese. " In the interim , however , pub lic taste broth er and is punished for her disobedience by death . giving ourselv es up to Utop ian dreams , imag ine that we has wonderfully altered ; intellect has been power- " Anti gone " —and crit ics have overlooked this—never might enter the busy resorts of traffic throug h extensive fully appea led to, and the spirit of enquiry now disguises from herself that she is criminal in her dis- subur bs consisting of cottages with their bits of land; abroad leads men rather to investi gate these matters obedience, she calls her act a " pious crime. " This and see, as we oame along, symptoms everywhere around than to wonder at them . The reason , therefore , why is the tragic motive. Had she thought the ediqt of housewifely occupations , an d of homes which their this story is not as effective now as it was then is unjust her conduct would have been simple ; but she humbl e owners might ofte n think of with pleasure d ur ing obvious. The audience ask themselves how it is that knew the edict was just according to all human their day 's labour , looking forward to their return at a young lad y wanders about in a thunder-storm , justice , an d at the same time she knew it was unjust evening with delight. The richer classes, even those just ice. The state had or- low down in the scale of wealth , mostl y strugg le to clad in a cool dress of book-muslin ; how it is that , accord ing to all divin e secure some portion of country air for themselves : when she goes mad , she should always pull down her dained a punishment ; but the Gods claimed their sure ly they might do their best to provide for the work- bac k hair ; how it is that the villain , as soon as he is rites. In this complex feeling lies the pathos ; in ing man something like a change from the atmosphere discovered , shou ld fall down and die off hand ; and her opposition to " Creon " there is a collision of of the factory, or workshop, in which he must pass the how it is that a great many other things occur which duty with dut y, will with will. " Creon " is not a greatest part of his day throug hout the whole year. — in life off the stag e would appear little short of mira- tyra nt , as modern critics , with strange forgetful - The Claims of Labour. cles ? All these improbabilities , however , ar e col- ness of Gr eek politics, assert ; he is but the exponent lected together in the Orphan of Geneva ; and , al- of the law and is supported by the whole nation ; even though every praise is due to Mr. Jeffreys (the au- " Anti gone's " sister bows to the decision , " Anti- thor of the libretto ) for the manner in which he has gone " alone, moved by the impulse of affection , and performe d his task , we regret that he had not availed bring ing into view the equal ly imperative claims of himself of a less complex story. Signor Schira , in the Gods, braves the laws and suffers the penalty. ^ the collision between •* THE LYRIC DRAMA. the composition , of this opera , has aimed at nothin g Even to our feelings Anti- beyond the writing competent to an accomp lished gone " an d " Creon " is powerful , though of course In- The production of Linda di Chamouni at her Ma- student of the modern Italian school. His melodies fin itel y less so than it was to the Athenians ; and in jesty 's Theatre , on Saturday last , claims notice be- are sometimes pretty and sometimes trivial , and his this play the re are oth er chords sounded to which all cause Mademois elle Ida Bertrand made her first instrumentat ion is based on the supposition that pas- hearts vibrate a response. The energy of " Anti- appe aranc e in Eng lan d on that occasion . The seces- sion and energy cannot be heard , unless spoken gone," and her thoroug hly human womanl y nature , sion of Alboni has left a great opportunity for con- through a trumpet. With all these defects , the re contr aste d with that of her gentle and devoted sister , tralto and mezzo soprano singers , an d has disposed are occasiona l indications of creative power , as in- present s the dramatic art of Sophocles on a par with us to accept , with a warm welcome, talent which stances of which we would cite the sestette in the first that of Shakes peare. How delicatel y and profound - will not bear being measured by the hi ghest stan - act , " What fearful mystery is this ?" and the glee in ly observed is the distinction between them , — " Anti- dard. Mademoiselle Bertrand reminds us somewhat the second act , " The" flocks are in the fold. " Be- gone " at fir st vehement , intens e, spasmodic , bent on of Alboni in appearan ce, and possesses a voice which sides these , there are songs which will be warbled in the one object of bury ing her brother , reckless as to will give her a good, though not a first-rate , position evening parties , an d which of course , therefore , consequ ences ; but no sooner is the object attained in our exacting worl d of London. She is properl y a should be criticized by the music-seller. The cast than her woman ly nature reappears , and she shudders rnezzo-sopiano , with more capacity for ascending included the whole vocal str ength of the company. at death , resi sts it, wails over her lot and all her into the soprano , than for descending into the con- Mr. Alien , as the " Count de Morville ," had little to fiercen ess melts in tears. " Ismene ," on the con- tra lto portion of the reg ister . The quality is pure — do ; but he took pains, and strugg led against his de- trar y, is at first timid , weak , dares not disobey the the power rather deficient. In shore , thoug h not an fective voice manfull y. Mr. Weiss, as the villain in laws, shrinks like a woman from rebellion ; yet when Albon i, Mademoi selle Ida Bertran d is a very charm- the dark cloak , " Carw in," evinced a marked im- the deed is done meets consequences with a calm and ing singer , and peop le ought to go to hear and pr ovement , both in voice and style, since we last resolute front: a patient womanl y nature from first to appl aud her . heard him. But the whole weight of the oper a last. On Thurs day the Sonnambula was given ; Sontag reste d upon Miss Louisa Pyne, who, a9 the orp han , Wo mentioned Shakespeare. , Is not the change in- being the •« Amina ," and Sims Reeves the " Jilvino. " " Therese ," sang and acted with on inten sity of dicated in *• Anti gone " analagous to that in " Xady Talk of populari ty ! can any opera of moder n times power for which we were quite unpre pured. Her Macbeth " ? She too is fierce and relentless till the compare with this fascinating production , which style is faultless , and in her impassioned scenes, so deed is done ; in both women the, fierceness is spas- enr ages " classical " musicians. , but pleases all the perfect is her intonation , that she is enabled to modic—it is feminine vehemenoe eoncentrated in one worl d besides. In Belgra via and the New Cut its abandon hersel f at once to the realit y of the icene absorbing project. When all is ovw both relapse into 138 ©ft* 3Lt&ttet* [Saturd ay, weakness. ** Lady Macbeth " has trouble d dream s duced from one, changing according to mere cir- But you can tell this, that there was a time when ¦which break her agonized hea rt ; " Anti gone " dies cumstance, developed , in fact, in a very short space the man was poor and helpless, and when his son despairing. of time. And whilst he does not believe in the was great and wise; and you know that by the But we have no space to speak worthily of this geologic ages, Dean Cockburn believes that, " As to gra dual growing of years the higher life has found magnificent work . The reproduct ion of it at Drury- elemnites, and all the a home in a race which was before accustomed to of seeing it the Scaphites, Baculites, B lane will afford our reade rs an opportun ity other ites which learned ingenuity ha s so na med, a lower life ; that he who would have been content in action , and they will be struck with the fresh ness all im- to drink beer and eat bacon to all eternity, has que poem. Miss V an- you find them in various strata the same in now and eternal youth of this anti differing slightl y in a higher hope and a soul elevated to the contempla- denhoff has carefu lly studied the part , and throws por tant partic ulars , but also times she the ir outward covering s, as might be expected from tion of a destin y which he feels to be beyond his herself into some picturesqu e att itudes ; at means of expression. reminded us of the figures on the ancient vases ; but the different circumstances in which each variety her conception is so different from our own that we was placed." It is true that in coming to Mr. When we see that every man is after all a col- forbear criticism. It was not a performance that Miller we deal with more scientific reasoning, but lection of crumbs of bread and scraps of meat, greatly impressed us. Mr. Vandenhoff performed it does strike us as extraordina ry to_ find both sides developed out of the clods of the field, if his brain his part with solid dignity and picturesque ef- quoted, in. order to confirmation in the belief of has taken the for m of that of var ious animals in its fect. « Creon " in Sophocles is not a tyrant, but onwards growth, as Mr. Miller willingly agre e ' choruses by Mendelssohn reveale d rel igion. s to, " every inch a king." The Mr. Miller, however, goes farther, and feels that are we to cavil if it should have happened that, in are well known to the musical world, and have been er long an us to enable us to say, without he is fighting the battle of faith, so far as wheth growing, the stage s have been so d the long enough before a d if the re be a future life s rugg le to rise from a state of brutis hnes a the suspicion of one day reversing the judgment the re be a God or not, n t s h ve when familiarity has opened their beauties to us, that or not. He believes that this earth was furnished been protrac ted through ages. If that be man's they are the mediocrities of a man of genius ; all their with animals as it became ready for them, that this history, we can only wonder at what per iod he science cannot cover their commonplace and want of is the cause of the gradual rise in the order of ani- became a human soul, as we now wonder at what melodic invention. mals from the earliest ages, and that it was not period the foetus became an individual. We are On Monday Mr. Anderson played " Hamlet " for merel y by a law of nature that one gra dually moved aware that we have not taken up the true scientific the first time in London ; we were not able to be pre- over to a higher species. Otherwise where were difficulty : it was not our object. The materials sent, but should he repeat it we will take an oppor- the creative powers, and if man were the product are not collected , and the theory of development tunity of " sitting in judgment" thereon. of such a development, where were the infus ion of is not proved; but against it there are many mate- Fbench Plays.—On Wednesday Scribe's charm- the immortal soul ? This is a grave question, and rials , a fact which may console some persons. It ing comedy, La Camaraderie , introduced Regnier and if men do take walks into the fiel ds and by the sea- is our object only to show that the difficulties in Nathalie to the St. James's public, and were heartily astonished towns new known facts as to growth are no more easil permit criticism this shore , anfl bring back to the y ex- appreciated. Space does not ideas of rel igion, upsetting our old faith, or giving plained than difficulties of the development of week. us a new ; every cracking of the earth's cr ust in theory, and that we cannot believe that it needs a times past disclosing fossils to our view, becomes, higher power to bri ng the squirrel from the mouse in a reasoning age, converted actually into a medial than it does to bring the individual Plato from fc gttM nf §>mnu. earthquake ; what was done in matter is now done the grovellin g Ichthyophagous or Ophiophagous in mind , and every earth qua ke of a lower class has Trog lodytae. DEVELOP MENT THEORY AND MR. H. MILLER ' S itself repeated in our age in a higher form. BOOK. Mr. Miller has taken a walk and found an aste- ANTIQUE NAILS. is should be, according There are few writers more fitted for enjoying rol apis where no asterolap In walking throug h the British Museum lately, our at- to the development theory, and he believes that he tent ion was called to a nail , an Egyptian nail , forme d nature , and imparting that enjoyment to the bear on the truth of reader than Hugh Miller. We walk with delight has broug ht an argument to like our nails ; and , as or dinary eyes view these thin gs, the modern civilized revealed reli gion, on the Being of God, and on the which might have been made last year , or perhaps picke d in his company, whether over the soul. He holds that the battle up out of some wrecke d vessel or Royal George. On louk- ancient surface of the world. immortality of we see a new mode f mak ng ground or over the of the evidences is to be fought on the ground of ing at the Patents latel y, o i With him there is the same honest love of truth, himself suf- nails; the mode obviates an evil said to occur in making the same openness to receive all that is beautiful in the physical sciences, and he shows them. The iron is stretched at the point and weakened ; ficientl y sensitive to all the arguments deduced a slight twist prevents the weakenin g. But , aft er all , science, and to connect it with all that is loft y in thousand years , and why should h believer in science, and from them. It is a pity that he should put himself nails have stood three speculation. A thoroug in such a predicament, liable to be overturned at they not do so again ? These minutiae in improveme nts a man of a religious and devout mind, he has are , however , to be pr ized. The microscope shows the to himself any moment ; but he feels it t#be serious, and with eye a world entirel y unknown to the or dinary eye, content moulded into a consistency satisfactory look at creation what he believes by faith, and what he believes by him it is no light matter. We can to avoid all that is not very pal pab le. ives more latitude than he in the development-point of view with as much experience. No one g faith in the greatness of man as we can according DIFFUSIO N OP SILVE R , LE AD, ETC. does to the time during which the geologic ages creative hypothesis. It has often been a matter of surp rise to many where the have endured, when he says : " But who among to the non-development on the used- up materials of daily life actuall y go. We have all men shall reckon the years or centuries during We see a race of men proud and powerful , with of us, at some time, won dered what became of the silver which these races have existed , and this mudd y high aspirations and renowned for great actions, worn from the coinag e in use, an d the gold also, and the poe s, philosophers, and martyrs, men to whom coppe r , not from coinage merely, but fro m articles of all ocean of the remote past spread out to unknown t kinds used. "What becomes of pins, is a long-standing and nameless shores before them." It would seem war was a thing accursed, and devotees by whom problem—a puz zle which philosop hers have not yet an- as if a period equal to that in which all human the senses were viewed only as inlets of sin,—we swere d to satisfaction. The worn-out man goes to the history is comprised might be cut out of a corner see these men sprung from another set, from what dust , an d the clothes go down , throug h the rag-shops , to of the period represented by the Lower Old Red is called the sam e race , but so thoro ughly different manure the fields , if they are not made of a mater ial ha they lived in the hopes of fighting dail y for fitted for making paper ; in which case they begin a new Sandstone, and scarce be missed when away. t t life, and their destiny may be to live for ages, or to be Mr. Miller has been much troubled in mind on ever , of drinkin g daily for ever, and of feeding burnt as useless, accor ding to the matter which is written account of the theory of development which some dail y on an everlasting and daily-butchered pig. upo n them. But what becomes of the new clothes in ists and naturalists support. The theory is The former sprang from the latter by the law of their conversion into old ones ? Where does the fine geolog softness and the respectability ? It goes simply that for the formation of the world as it at growt h, a law which is exactly the law of develop- nap go, and the ment as explained by many writers. But without to make up a part of t he dust which must daily be swept presen t stan ds, there has been a gradual evolution out of the house, and thrown away among the refuse , of life ; that the lowest animals have begun, and cavilling at the word , the real fact is far more also makes its way, in time , to the fields, or it is washed higher ani mals have succeeded, until man was striking that the highest order of minds have risen into the sewer , and makes its way into the sea. Into the produced ; and that this has been done by a great out of minds which, whatever were their instincts fields , then , or into the sea, all the refuse goes—the gloss natural law. Mr. Miller believes that " there is and capabilities, were low an d thoroughly degraded. of new coats and hats , th» fine edges of soverei gns and brought shillings , and lost jewe.lery and broken trinkets whose geologic evidence that in the course of creation We see constantl y monsters and idiots frag ments are not worth preserving. So that , after all , the higher orders succeeded the lower." " It is of into the world by the law of growth , and we see a a part of every element must exist everywhere ; every itself an extraordinary fact , without reference to family low in intellect, rise and bring out of them field must have some mixture of all metals m it , and the other consiflcrationa, tha t the orde r adopted by a great genius. It is to the mind after all that we sea be a solution of all things used by man which it is Cuvier in his animal kingdom, as that in which the must look , and not to the mere development of capable of dissolving. MM. Malaguti , Durocher , and breathed Sarzland have found lead , copper , and silver in sea-water four great classes of vertebrate animals, when organic forms. How is it that genius is and sea-weed . They suspected silver , not from the marshalled according to their rank and standing, into one man , and was dormant in his obscure reasons given above , but from causes acting more exten- naturall y range, should be also that in which they father and mother ? Is this by the law of deve- sively ; from the extensive diffusion of that metal in the occur in order of time. The brain which bears an lopment or by the law of creation ? If it is by the mineral king dom , and its solubility in common salt. natural law, as most people will allow, does it The quantity found is equal to one in a hun dred average proportion to the spinal cord, if not more millions) ; so that a cubic mile contains 2$ lbs. of silver . than two to one, came first—it is the brain of the manage to go by itself and put our belief in God These gentlemen believe that the silver was not broug ht fish ; that which bears to the spinal cord an out of the question. We breathe the breath of an into the sea by rivers , and was not the result of wear average proportion of two and a half to one, suc- independent life according to existing laws, and we and tear in substances used by man ; because , if all ceeded it,—it is the brain of the reptile : then came rise into a higher life by a process of growth, the ocean contains as much as the part from which according to law ; if we do not get well developed the specimen of water examined was taken , two mil- the brain averaging as three to one—it is that of lions tonB would be now in solution in the waters of the the bird ; next in succession came the brain that by food , an d ra iment, and training, we do not rise globe. Lest this should not be enough , they examined averages as four to one—it is that of the mammal ; high, and the act of creation of an Adamic great the crystallized salt in mines , and ihnt also was found to and last of all there appeared a brain that averages man has never been seen. contain silver. This would prove that solutions in early twenty-three to one—reasoning, calculating man We hold, then, that it is as difficult to account ti mes, before the creation of man , also contained silver. man who shall change the Lead and copper were also found ; how much in a cubic had come upon the scene." for the existence of a mile they have not calculated ; but , when we have re- So far there is no disagreement, and the suc- face of a country by his greatness, as for the ex- ceived one wonder , we can take up the few succeeding cession of the animals is the same with both par- istence of an elephant developed by some means with great ease. And yet it is not a wonder , but the ties ; but the true point of dispute is, whether the or other out of a mastodon, or even from a whale. proof of what has been before believed ; and to it we may lower brains were developed into the hig , In neither is there direct creation ; in both is the add that various metals have been found also in land- her plants—gold and copper have been especially menti oned whether one animal was developed into the other. process of growth : you cannot tell at what time —showing that these metals exist, not in our seas Another writer, far more limited than Mr. Miller in the inspiration of genius began, no more than you merely, but in our lands. If found in plants , it then his explanations of geologic facts , sees no reaso n can tell how the habits of a whale could be con- becomes no wonder that they should also be found, as at all why many species should not have been pro- verted into the habits of an elephant. some of them are said to have been , in anim als. May 4, 1850.] 0.f|* &£&& *?«, 139 i dealised perhaps and attributed to simplicity much that was mere ignorance, and to ignorance much that was brute selfishness ; for the artificial refine- ^nrtfnltn . ments of civiliz ation throw into strong relief the equally artificial but less i e p op We shou ld do our utmost to encourage the Beautiful , for the Useful encourages itself.— refined manners of the peasantry, and we are apt to g v e le credit for GOKTHE. virtues if their vices are unlike our vices. Right or wrong, Hortense admired the people and loved them. Her conduct sprang from that feeling, and no TO THE WORM. wonder she was adored in return. First born of all creation ! yet unsung 1 It was a day of perfect happiness ! The weather was superb 5 the country I cal l thee not to listen to my lay, Hortense was gay, For well I know thou turnest a deaf ear bore everywhere the rich ri pe glowing aspect of summer ; Indifferent to the sweetest of complaints , unaffected, enchanting. When they returned home to a late dinner, fatigued, Sweetest and most importunate. The voice yet not more so than permitted them to appreciate repose, Armand was in Which would awaken , and which almost can , love. In love ! Does the suddenness astonish you ? He has known her but The sleep ing dead , thou rearest up against few hours, it is true, if you measure time by the clock ; but who measures And no more heedest than the wreck below. time thus, unless it be the listless and unoccupied ? There are hours in all Yet art thou gentle ; and for due reward , often bring two souls Because thou art so> humble in th y ways , our lives to be counted as years. One evening will Thou hast survived the giants of waste worlds , into closer communion and more thorough sympathy than ages can effect Giants , whom chaos left unborn behin d, for others. Armand had been beside his cousin for one whole day. In that long And earth with fierce abhorrence at first sight interview a thousand topics had been discussed, and the most characteristic Shook from her bosom , some on burning sands , traits of their nature had been unveiled. In such interviews reserves are Other s on icy mountains , far apa rt; thrown aside, souls are frank, and excitement so stirs the hidden depths of Mammoth , and mammoth' s arc hitype , and coil Of serp ent cable-long, and ponderous mail our nature that words have intense meaning, and glances give to the nothings Of lizar d, to whom crocodile was dwarf. of conversation an immense significance. "Wrong , too, hath oft been done thee : I have watched Armand was as yet quite unconscious of this passion. He felt intensely The nightingale , that most inquisitive happy, and that sufficed him. The sound of his cousin's voice, the touch Of plumed powers , send forth a sidelong glance of her hand, the lustre of her eyes, the magic of her smile, filled him wit h From the low hazel , on the smooth footpath , e sensations ; but he did not pause to question them, to Attracted by a glimmering tortuous thread new and exquisit Of silrer left there when the dew had dried , analyse their import ; it was enough that he felt them. And dar t on one of thine, that one of hers Twili ght brought with it dreamy reveries. Borne away upon the wan- Might play with it. Alas ! the young will play, dering stream of thought, his soul seemed to lose itself in the infini te, as a Reckless of leaving pain and death behind. river loses itself in the sea. I, too (but earl y from such sin forb ore) , Hortense was at the piano playing snatches of Beethoven, and occasionally Have fastened on my hook , aside the stream reveries which the music called up. Of shad y Arrowe , on the broad mill-pond , pausing to yield herself to the Thy writhing race. Thou wilt more patien tly Evening, summer evening, with its coolness and its fragrance, gradually Await my hour , mor e quiet ly purs ue deepened. Hortense ceased playing. Armand took the hand which she Thy destined pre y legitimate . abandoned to him, and held it in his own in silence, till his temples throbbed, First born, and then he drooped his head upon her shoulder. This recalled* her to a I call'd thee at the opening of my song; y, she said : Last of creation I will call thee now. sense of their position, and rising gentl What fiery meteors have we seen transcend " It is time to order the candles." Our firmament! and mighty was their power , He was awakened brusquely from his dream. The candles were brought: To leave a solitude and stench behind. he hated them ! He tried to sustain conversation, but all his efforts were The vulture may have revell'd upon men ; useless, and pleading fatigue as an excuse, retired discontented to bed. Upon the vulture 's self thou revellest : r Princes may hold high festival ; f or thee Chap. III.—The Avowal. Chiefly they hold it. Every dish removed , Thou comest in the silence of the night , Hortense de Chazalon nee Fayol was a strange creature. Married at Takest thy place, insinuest thy whole train eighteen to a noble, narrowminded, upri ght, perfectly stupid gentilhomme Into the breast , lappest that wrinkled heart campagnard whom she made legal ly happy and who made her legally Stone-cold within , and with fresh appetite wretched, she conceived such a disgust for marriage that, on his death, she Again art read y for a like carouse. vowed never again to link herself in its indissoluble bonds. Left a widow at Behold before thee the first minstrel known , , of course, a To know from them and laud unbidden guest ! three-and-twenty, rich, beautiful, and accomplishe d, she had One who hath never bent his brow to king, fatiguing suite of lovers, but had resisted them all. She would not love, she Perforce must bend it, mightier lord , to thee. would not marry. April 22. Walter Savage Landob. The doctrines of St. Simon came to her knowledge, and, prepared by her own miserable experience, she readily adopted that which proclaims the bond of love to be the only bond of marriage, and that it is an unsacred THE APPRENTICESHIP OF LIFE. thing to force two human beings to live together as man and wife, after all BY G. H. LEWES. affection, has died out. SECOND EPISODE.—THE INITIATION OF LOVE. But, in adopting this dogma, she was not prepared to carry it out. Like Chap. II.—(Continued.) many others, she maintained with great eloquence that marriage was the II y a fagots et fagots, says Moliere ; which for the nonce I may translate union of souls, and that affection was its motive and its tie; yet, inasmuch as " there are kisses and kisses ;" so thought Hortense when Armand threw all our social arrangements are against such a doctrine being enforced, she bo much cousinly warmth into his salute that her colour rose slightly; and would not brave the world. Resolved not to marry, she determined not to love. her emotion was increased by observing the bright admiration of his eyes. Having hitherto resisted the imperious instincts of her nature, and con- She began to remember he was nineteen ! From that moment she ceased trolled her sympathies when she found them tending exclusively towards one to treat him as a boy. object, she felt herself in no danger with Armand, whom she continually said A turn round the garden was followed by a chatty delightful breakfast. All was a mere boy. That he was in love with her she perfectly discerned ; but lassitude had vanished at the sight of his cousin, and he was now in sparkling she believed his boyish passion would soon wear itself out if not unchecked. spirits, rattling on to her amazement, playing with paradoxes, and throwing Weeks passed, and his love had grown impassioned , without any overt act about some of the subtle mystic aphorisms he had picked up from Frangipolo. on her side to check it. Her manner, indeed, became more reserved ; but Breakfast over, Hortense proposed to show him the grounds. " He cared then her eyes were unreserved, and suffered his eyes to gaze into their not what it was," he said, " so that he was with her." A charming morning lustrous depths, and to speak that language of the soul which words are not they spent ! She took him over the estate, visiting several of her farmers and airy and delicate enough to express. She cheated herself with the belief that tenants ; and here he saw fresh reason to be enamoured of his beautiful her affection for him was only maternal tenderness—(he was such a boy !)— cousin, in the noble simplicity of her demeanour and in the evident affection and, under this stalking-horse, the insidious passion stole up into her heart. and respect with which she was regarded by all around her. Curiously enough, this man whom she affected to consider as a boy, had Though of ancient family, and retaining in her manners the indubitable inspired her with that feeling of reverence which is inseparable from exalted traces of high breeding, it was impossible to be more gracefully familiar, love. His intellect commanded her ; and the purity and rigidity of his more unassumingly kind, than Hortense to her tenants : equally free moral sentiments filled her with respect. The power and capacity of his brain, from reserved haughtiness and from patronising condescension. She was developed as it had been by unusual studies, had less effect upon her than among them as one of them, only more lovely and more refined. Democratic the chivalrous and ideal purity of all his sentiments. They were somewhat in her ideas, she did not commit the great mistake of aristocratic demo- absolute and rigid, indeed j as the principles of young and uncorrupted men crats—she did not make her inferiors feel that her sympathy with the cause usually are, before experience has aided charity in teaching tolerance and in of the people was a theoretical sympath y—the assent to an intellectual pro- modifying the severity of abstract conclusions. This is a merit in youth. position rather than a genuine honest feeling. Her brain and heart were It is of essential importance that we begin life with stern principles and an democratic. Accustomed to live among her peasantry, she recognised and exalted ideal. Contact with the world will be sure to abrade asperities and respected their unsophisticated excellences and their homely virtues. She soften severities, and thus leave us midway in life with a residuary force 140 1Rt>t $Lt*tltt. tSATORiJ AY, they do not unite them. Men are separated strong enough to bear us through with honor. The world always modifies earnest men as formerly, from of being bound together by one belief and diminishes our moral purity. If we begin with laxity, where shall we end ? each other, divided, instead shared in y felt by Hortense, and common. It is an age of individualism and anarchy. Instead of a philosophy The superiority of Armarid was unconsciousl j discussions. She used to argue with him the we have systems j instead of a religion we have sects instead of a nation we showed itself in all their who is condemned to influence her St. Simonian view, but he crushed her elo- have coteries. Now, an artist coteries—as our question of marriage from his mission. Art speaks to humanity, not to coteries. legalized hypocrisy" of that union, and the " necessity artists are—forfeits ".. quence about the " You despair of society. . " for only a moral bond between man and woman." " « I (j0—it has no Faith, it has no Art, it has no united action. It has " You do not," he said, " look at marriage in its true light. It is the social sentiment, and it is sacred as a duty owed to humanity." ceased to respect truth, and hopes by respect for formulas to get on as well. aspect of an individual routine instead of being a livin what you mean by any duty owed to humanity. Its Religion is a compromise and a , g belief; " I do not understand instead of being a sentiment j its Polity is & pat chwork collection of individuals." its Art is a dexterity, Humanity is only a itable to the occasion,' and it staggers blindl individuals—there are of traditions and * measures su y "True; but there are laws for masses as well as for on with a careless confidence in the times ' mending.' " ons equally powerful as per sonal considerations—otherwise social considerati This was said with an enthusiasm which lit up his countenance, and made for society is but the collective life of Humanity, and society could not exist ; beautiful to look upon. A silence of some minutes succeeded, and the two from the individual life as the state does from the family." it it differs as much looked out upon the broad sunset, as if its evanescent tints were the hiero- marriage extend from an individual to a social question ? " And how does glyphs of the mysterious Future. it is purely a matter concerning two individuals and no one else ?" Surely tf All Nature was silent as if in adoration. " Every divine sentiment," replied Armand, brings with it a correspond- The distant sky was like a sea of fire, and its reddening splendour formed ing duty. When a man loves, he obeys the instincts of his nature as an halo round the head of Hortense, as she sat between him and the into a kind of individual being ; and according to you those instincts are all that enters window. Surpassingly beautiful was Hortense at that moment. A robe of , he is also a social the question. But I say man is not only an animal maroon velvet, fastened round her waist by a golden cord, fell in loose and animal, and as such bis duty is even higher than his instincts, and must le folds about her form ; it was opened in front, sufficient to betray the , and that amp control them. With love, therefore, is connected a responsibility undulations of an exquisite bust nestled in endless folds of lace. In her is marriage." , an abundance of flowers were arranged with a carelessness her. dark hair, as usual This metaphysical view did not convince Hortense, but it silenced which was grace ; and her dark eyes were languid with tenderness. exalted and enthusiastic opinions, as we She bowed down before his more gazed upon her, an overpowering sense of the mysterious an error which bears on it the stamp of grandeur. As Armand involuntarily respect even influence of beauty stole upon him with a feeling akin to pain. There are of life which tend to exalt our nature always elicit our sym- Those views moments when the h.eart seems to dilate as if it would burst—when the even when they do not force assent. So prone are we to worship, that pathy soul, impatient of the bonds which restrain it, yearns blindly, almost fiercely, boldly takes his place upon a pedestal fails to meet with reverence ! no one who for an escape into some other sphere. In such moments silence is oppressive, With this sort of moral awe, this worship of the soul, was combined an y endowed with that yet we cannot speak. i nexplicable personal fascination. Armand was greatl A huge thunderous cloud—its ridges tipped with fi re—now appeared on people for want of an explanation power of personal influence which makes the horizon ; it grew and grew, and shadowed the earth, absorbing in its adopt that of magnetism. No one came near him without being subject to lendour of the sky; slowly it came on, spreading y that instinct blackness the fading sp it; and Hortense was irresistibly attracted towards him b wider, till at length a few large drops of rain falling heavily upon it. wider and which we all know so well, though none can define the leaves, announced that the storm was breaking. one evening, you must determine on some " Armand," said Hortense, " They watched it in silence. The rain grew fierce, and the lightning began slip away in idleness." career ; you cannot let your youth to flash along the sky. On the storm came—a summer storm,—swift, what to do. " I know it, Hortense; yet I know not " terrible, and brief. Hortense rose hastily to close the windows. She was l ve fo do no co nt " There are but three classes among men who i , r I t u leaning forward with the fastening in her hand, when a grand wide flash idlers as men, and these classes are Thinkers, Artists, and Industrialists. enveloped her. Choose, then, Philosophy (that is Science or Politics), Art, or else what is A strange cry burst from Armand. She looked round ; a second flash lied foice, from called the practical business of life, the whole variety of app followed, and in its light she beheld him kneeling at her feet with hands manufactures to agriculture." uplifted , and a face of such passionate adoration that, borne away by the •' And which would Hortense have me choose ? " uncontrollable emotion of the moment, she fl ung herself into his arms, and ** Whatever you have a vocation for." crushed her lips against his. In that moment they lived a life. for anything. •' 1 do not feel a vocation " he si ht of Hortense as she appeared in that flash, her strange beauty mistaken—destined you for an Artist : and T g '* Yet Nature—or I am greatly more beautiful by the stra nge unearthly environment, wrung de eloping your facul- rendered still if so, your only chance of happiness is by strenuously v sudden cry; and she who had struggled, who had subdued all Oh ! how I always regret not having from him that ties in the sphere most suited to them. the instincts of her nature, was thrown off her guard by that cry and by been a man ! " that look, and in one supreme moment trampled down all scruples, and con- It is to be observed that Hortense, instead of struggling with her indo- theoretically, she was all in fessed her passion in a kiss. lence, always laid the blame of it on her sex ; continued careering about the heavens and bounding over ; but, practically, it confined itself to The thunder i avour of work, energy, and activity the distant echoing hills ; the rain washed down as in a deluge ; and still magni cent hrases. regrets and fi p the lovers, locked in each other's arms, were mute, motionless, speechless, in , said Armand naively, " why should you " You are perfect as a woman " their delirium of bliss. desire to be a man ? " passed away as rapidly as it had come. The heavens were constituted, there is no activity away The storm " Because, for women, as society is stant, and now were calmly rejoicing. The rain dripped from can do nothing. We are usteless cleared in an in from home. We can play no part ; we the leaves with a sweet and gentle sound. Peace had everywhere succeeded when we are not mothers." the violence of a few minutes. " That surely is something—to be mothers." Peace had not yet descended on those throbbing hearts. •• have no children what becomes of Not everywhere. Yes, that is immense ; but when we storm of passion—the wild, feverish, unutterable passion—the , what can we do ? There the us " confl uence of all being to one centre, the absorption of all feeling into one, " Cannot you cultivate Art ? " as before. pture are beyond us; we absolute and supreme— that still remained " But upon what conditions ? Painting and Scul is blinded by in- Music we do not even attain me- But reflection was sure to come at last ; consciousness never transcend mediocrity in them. In the veil and insists on seeing. Hortense diocrity, except as singers ; composition is Hebrew to us ! " stincts for awhile, but it tears off And Literature ? returned to consciousness ; became aware of her forgetfulness. " " rose, ** Demands an experience of life which can only be attained by us at the Extricating herself from his embrace, she sprang to her feet . He expense of all consideration. Women see nothing, how can they say any- somewhat astonished. , and, thing ! Oh it is very different with you men ! You are free to choose a She walked to the other window, and looked out. He followed her career, and free to prepare yourselves fitly for it." taking the hand she could not refuse, he said : " What a grand creature she is! " thought Armand, contemplating his " Hortense, have I offended you?" beautiful cousin, her magnificent arm thrown carelessly over the back of her In a whisper, terrible from its intensity, she replied : chair as she looked out upon the sunset. " Armand, 1 have been mad... We have both been ao.. . This must be " Why don't you atudy some Art," she said presently. forgotten." •' I am discouraged by the enormous difficulties of the technical part, and " Hortense," said Armand, tremulously, " I love you." by the hopelessness of making a sceptical age like ours appreciate the true She shook, but made no answer. spirit of Art. This is not an age for Art because it is destitute of those great Her silence was torture to him. He stood beside her awaiting a reply, yet convictions which Art embodies." dreading what the reply might be. " That is not true, Armand. There are as many earnest men now as for- " Hortense," he again said, " I love you." merly, and their convictions are as serious. Perhaps at no period was it ever She dared not look at him. The struggle which was going on within truer than at present that no man who has anything to utter utters it in vain." would have ended at once had she trusted herself to meet his eyes. " That may be; yet do you not see that, if convictions sway as many " Combat this fancy," she said, with difficulty 5 "it will not last long." May 4, 1850.] Wff e &* fell It * 1:J4 1

" It will not," he replied j " for I shall not last long ! THE LORELEI. and gesture as he said FROM THB GERMAN OF VOT« SALttlT , BY WAMBB' K. XBLZ.Y. There was something" slightly theatrical in his tone , differ- were as [Th e supernatural bein * that gives name to this little poem i* a sort of freshwater syren this, which suggested a doubt in her mind whether his passion really ing in little else than habitat ft oin her Greek protot ype,] there is in human deep as he believed it. Herein she forgot the tendency A lightsome, potent fay nature to dramatize its passions ; a tendency which gives even to serious On the dusky rock sits high; afflictions an air of something not thoroughly real. Ah! we are often And sweet are the lips and the liquid \ttf comedians without knowing it! Of the beautiful Lorelei. " Armand," she said, " we have both been foolish. She sings, ttiat all may hear ; te Do you love me ? " he impetuously asked. But the strain not many heed. *t day s of the week , thoug h as the day -Western 101 Bolanos — , med icine-vender ; second There has been London and N. Basinghall- street—West , Fleet-street a slight impro vement was manifest. Midland 3-»4 Brazilian Imperial .. — and final div. of 7d. on Saturday next , and three subsequent little or no actual chan ge in the quota tions of the prin- Noi th Bri tish .. .. ~i Ditto , St. < ohn del Rey — Saturdays ; Groom , Abcb urch-lane—Hey ward , Torquay, grocer ; cipal secur i.ies. Peru vian Bonds have been done at 70; South-Eastern and Dover 131 Cobre Copper .. .. — first div. ot 9$d. on any Tuesday alter the 23rd inst. ; Hirtzel , and Deferred at 30; M exican , 28J ; Portuguese Five per Sout h-Western .. 584 MISCELLANEOUS. Exeter—H odge. Col yton, Devonshire , currier ; first div. of 4s. Spani sh Fi ve York . Newcas., & Berwic k llg Australi an Agricultural 15 any Tuesday or Friday after the 30th inst. ; Hernam an , Exei er— Cen ts., 85k ; Ditto Four per Cents., 37| ; Canada ...... 30 lter; per Cents , 37; Russian York and Nort h Midland 14g Daniell . formerl y ol Trelissick , Cornwall , copper-sme per Cent- ., 17* ; Ditto Three Docks. Genera l Steam .. .. 27 further div. of 2s. 8d. on any Tuesday or Friday afte r April «JU; Four-a nd-a-Haif per Cents., 954 ; Belgian Four-an d-a- East and West India .. 142 Peniiis. Se Oriental Steam 80 Hernaman , Exeter—Muck lest-m , ju n., Shrewsbury, grocer ; H alf per Cents., 964 ex div. ; Dutch Two- and-a- Haif per London 119 Royal Mail Steam .. 54$ first div. of 23. 4d. any Thursday ; W hitinore. Birming ham- Cents., 55i }. St. Katharine .. .. 81 South Australian .. 19 Burton and Bul pin , Dublin , drapers ; first d>r . of 4s. 9d. ion new and three subsequent Saturdays ; creating an proofs) , on Saturday , April 27, The su bject of Spanish Stocks is now Edwar ds, Samb rook-court , Basing hall-street—Wri ght , Pentlle- anxi ous interest amon g its holders on several of the GRAIN , Mark-lane , April 26. ton , LancHshire , d yer ; first div. of 2s. 5|d. on Tuesday, April 30, continen tal Bours es. Public meetings have been ca led Wheat , R. New 36s. to 38s. Map le 25a. to 26s. or any subsequent Tuesday ; Pott , Manchester—He sketh , Man- in Paris and Amsterdam , going bey ond the examp le of Fine 38 —39 White 22 —24 chester , straw-bonnet-d eater ; second div. of Id. (and 2s. 7d. on 24 —25 May 7, or any subsequent Tuesday ; wh at has recentl y take n place in London , where no direct Old 40 —41 Boilers new proofs ), on Tuesday , to White 37 —39 Reans , Ticks. .. 22 — 23 Fra *er , Manchester—Hague and Shatwell , Manchester , com- appeal has yet (to the susp icion of many) been made 2.r —26 div of Is. 3d. (on new proofs ), on Tuesday, move- Fine 40 —41 Old > mission-ag ents ; first the landholder s at lar«e. The influence of these Superior New 4ft — 48 Indian Corn.... 24 —27 May 7, or any subsequent Tuesday; Fraser , Manchester. ment s, however , i« expected to be felt in our own capital , Rye 22 —23 Oats , Feed .... 14 — 15 Bankru ptcy Annulled. —P. Mann , Leeds , corn factor. where nothing furth er has yet tra nsp ired on the Bailey 16 —17 Fine .... 15 —16 Bankru pts.—W. CHiTTENDEN .Tarlington-p lace.'and Churc h- subject. Malting 22 —24 Pola nd 16 —17 street , Paddingto n , draper , to surr ender May 7, June 7; solici- Malt, Ord 45 —47 Fine .... 17 — 18 tor , Mr. Cooke , King-street , Cheapside ; official assignee, Mr. The pr ice of gold in Paris has remamfd the same as Fine 47 —50 Potato 15 — 16 ro nbridge-wel ls, and th e ex- Whitmore , Basing hall-street—C. Veneer , in Lond on , the premium being 16 per mille, Peas, Hog 22 —23 Fine .... 18 —19 builder , May 7, June 4; solicitors , Messrs. Smith , Stenn ing, and chan ge at short , 25 55. On. Hambu rg it is 0 11 per Crolt , Basinghall-street ; and Messrs . Stenning and Carnell , cen t, dearer than in London. GENERAL AVER AGE PRICE OF GRAIN. Tonbri d ge ; official assignee , Mr. Edwards , Sa mbrook-cou rt , Week Endin g April 25 Basing hall-street—J . Pattinson , Liverpool , grocer , May 10 There is a difference of opinion prevailin g as to the , Liverpool ; official assignee , Mr. the past month. Imperial General Weekly Average. and 31; solicitor , Mr. Tyrer general rate of money interest durin g Wheat 37s. Id. I Rye 21s. 8d. Bird , Liver pool—J. Stanford and H. Bannister , Halseowe n , It has been state d on a sort of semi-official authority, Barley 28 1 Beans 23 8 Worcestersh ire , brickmakers , May 13, June3; solicitors , Messrs. able to make lodgments on call Peas 25 1 Smith and Jones , Birming ham ; official assignee, Mr. Valpy , the bankers have been Oats 15 0 I 8, it is well known th at larg e of the Six Weeks. Birming ham—A. S. Cor rick , Bristol , timber-dealer . May at about IJ per cent. ; but Aggregate Average 5; solicitor , Mr. Brittan , Bristol ; official assignee, Mr. not , without great difficulty , be placed Whe at 38s. Od. Rye 2ls. lid. June amounts could 10 Acraman , Bristol—J. Powell, Clirow , Radnorshire , cattle- of per cent. Barle y 23 2 Beans 23 Brecon ; and out at the rate 14 15 1 Peas 25 2 dealer , May 8, June 5; solicitors , Mr. Pug h , fluctuation th an usual in Oats.. Messrs. M. Britton and 80ns, Bristol; official assi gnee, Mr. There has been almost less , Railway Shares. On Tuesday they were scarcel y so firm Miller Bristol. being the most FLOUR. Dividends. —May 17, J. Weeks , Ryd e, Isle of Wi ght , grocer as on the nrecedin o: day, the following Town-made per sack 37s. to 40s. —Ma y 17, J. H. Theobal d and J. Churc h , Colchester and Dept- prominent quotations: London and North Western , 100$ Seconds •»* —37 ford , coke manufacturers—Ma y 17, J. Reed , late of Bermon dsey- to 1014; Midland , 31 to 2; York , Newcastle , and Ber- Essex and Suffolk , on board ship J O — 3* street , Southwark , hop merchant—May 27, B. Lord , Blackbour n, wick , 114 to 12; Great Western , 50 to 1; London and Norfolk and Stockton 28 — 30 coal dealer— M ay 27, T. Procter , Preston , spindle make r— to 16 American per barrel 23 — 24 May 27, H. Rotherham , Chesterfield , plumber— M ay 20, J. Y. South Western , 57* to 84; Great Northern , 164 20 — 2 2 dig. ; South Eastern and Dover , 13 to 4 ; Eastern Coun- Canad ian • • Ashton , Liverpool , builder—May 17, G. Evans , Tal yllyn , Merio- 14| to Wheateu Bread, 6d. to 7d. the 41b. loaf. Hous eholds 4d to 54d. nethshire , cattle dealer— M ay 23, W. Miles , Worcester , stock ties, 6J to 74; Reading , Guilford , and Reigate , broker—May 17, J. H. Gandell , East Challow and Harri ngdon , 15fr ; Caledonian , 7J . Yesterda y the market was quite of five mil- BUTCHERS ' MEAT. brewer. stead y. It appears that calls to the amoun t Newgate and Lka dbnhall. * Smithfibld. * Certificates. — To be gran ted, unless cause be shown to the lions sterling have yet to be made this year , which has a e. d. s. d . s. d. e. d. contrary on the day of meeting.—May 17, H. J. Siacey, Crosby- row , depressing effect. Beef 1 10 to 3 0 2 4 to 3 6 Wai worth-road , grocer—May 18, J. Slater , Friday-street , Cheap- present ed any aide, warehouseman—Ma y 21, H. C. Cawston , Upper Dorset- The Foreign Produce Market has not S :::::::::::: S place , Clapham- road, grocer—May2l , W. Woodbridge , Minc ing- change , on the whole. There has been a slightly im- ST!. ::: ::::::::: S $-1 l-\ \ fane, colonial broker—May 21, T. Ellen , Great Russell-street , proved demand for Borne descriptions of Colonial pro- J "S 8 8 :::::::::v.: 8 S Si Bloomsbury, coal merchant—May 17, W. Wallace and G. Dor- duce but prices hav e undergone little or no improve- Ea.:::::::: ::-::::• To sink the= offal , per 8 1b. = mand , Sunderland , butchers—May 20, L. B. Choffin , Bristol and , Scarbor ough, ment. at Smitiifibld. Bath , bookseller—May 27, T. 8. Sleightholm , Head or Cattle painter—May 17, J. Gouldesbrough , Manchester , manufa cture r The Corn-trade has been rather better. On Monday, Friday . Mon day. Perrers , 1243 3,658 —May 18, R. Savory , Hereford , plumber—May 29, L. in Mark-lane , prices were looking up, and some superior Bea8t Holsworthy , Devonshire , innkeeper. shilling a Woodlands , by Perth , descriptions of wheat realized an advance of a Calves M 126 Scotch Sequestrations. —R. Ritchie , quarter. This improvement has been maintained in most S40 230 farmer , May 1, 30—A. Meldrum , Dundee , clerk , May a, 27— J. of the principal markets during the week. Pigs Notman , Edinburgh , grocer , May 3, 23—A. Christie , Clun y, Aberdeensh ire , farmer , May 4, 24 — J. Spence , Edin burgh , In the manufacturing districts of Lancashire , a slight PROVIS IONS. tavern-ke eper , April 30, May 21—J. » Angus , late of Cunni ngs- Porto bello, Advance has tak en place in most of the fabrics into which Butter—Best Fresh , 8s. to 12s. per doz. town , merchant , May 2, 30—S. and J. Ilathbone , cotton enters , occasioned by the growing apprehensions Carlow , £3 10s. to £3 16s. per cwt. potters , May 3, 30. of a scarcit y of the raw material , the supplies from Bacon , Irish per cwt. 40a. to 46s. Amer ica continuin g to fall off. But this has caused no Cheese , Cheshire 46 — W* Tuesday, April 30. improve ment in wages , the demand has been tolerably Derby, Plain J6 —54 Partner ships Dissolved.— Bennett and Co., Kingswinfora , with little or no disposition to limit Hams , York •••••• 60 —70 Staffordshire , saddlers —Wardrop, Garrett , and Co., Bra bant - good, pur chases on Emr«. Fre nch , per 120, 5d. 3d. to 6s. Od. court , Philpot-lane , wine merchants — Dobson and Alli*on, account of this advance , the opinion being general that Liverpool , engineers—J. Dugdale and Brothers , Manch ester , nnd goods will be still higher. The Yorkshire markets have Burnley , Lancashire , manufacturers — J. Wellman and Son, HOPS. POTATOES. Ivet t, not been similarl y affected. The trade in wool is heavy York Regents per ton 1108. to 120 Maddox-str eet , Regent-street , tailors — J. Bell and E. Kent Pockets 115s. to 132s. I , Man ches- and declining, but woollen fabrics and yarns have main Choice ditto .. 147 — 23i Wisbech Uegents ... 100 — HO Duke.ftreet, Manchester-square—Harper and Todd thei r price , th ough , upon the whole , but a limited 8eoteh lteds 0 — 0 ter , tailors — S. Hortou and C. Guimell , Clephan e-road , Can on- tained Sussex ditto.. 112 — 126 South Ameri ca extent of busin ess has been done. Farnhatn do.. 150 — 300 J French Whit es 45 — 65 bury, builders—Hend ereou and Co., Maranh ara , May 4, 1850.] ®fte &*&fr *t+ *«

mmis3iou mer chants — Bur y. Robertshaw , and Priestley, Custom s, to Augusta Caro line da Costa , eldest daughter of the SOILED LTNENS. — Manu facturers ' Sam pel rharch Lan cashire , ironfounders - Kirkman and Spetch , Ma n- late Commandeur Hippol yte Joseph da Costa , Brazilian Minister PieceB Soiled by showin g to the Trade. —£8000 worth of chester ,' engravers to calico printers—T . B. Wheatley and R. H. at the Court of London , and both of them grandchildren of the SOILE D LINENS , from Dublin , have been bought in one lot Jacks on Greenwi ch , corn merchan ts — Simpson and Day, Lon- late Richard Troug h ton , Esq., of Lad y-place , Hurley, in the by BROOKS and CO., in the Borough. j S. Hunt and Sou , Liverpool , ironmongers — Bowen and county of Berks. These linens, from which extensive orders have been taken , Bromwich , Bridgno rth , Shropshire , mercers — J. Thornewell On the 25th ult., at St. George 's, Hanover -square , by the Very are the best, bein ? the specimen- cloths of such well-known and Son*, Dudley, Worcestershire , agricultural implement lleverend the Dean of St. Paul' s, Frederick Drummond , Esq., makers as Bennet , Knox , Beverage , &o.j and are now to be sold manu facturers ; as Tar as regard s G. Thornewell — H. Hitchen to Agnes Caroline, second daug hter of the late W. P. Bri g- at half the prices of the same goods when dean. # ™ Whall ey, Chorley, Lancashire , joiners—R. Wood and S. stocke , Esq., of Bird combe-court , Somersetshire , and M.P. for Irish linens , 26 yards for 12s. 6d.; super ior Insh linen , 26 d A> , Web- the Easte rn Division of that count y. positively F Knowles, Leeds, common brewers—Goodair and H unt yard * for 21s. ; finest Coleraines, 26 yards for 25s., hpr-row Southwa rk , victuallers—The Ban king Company, Aber- On the 25th ult., at St. l eter 's Hammersmith , Godfre y, fourth worth Is. 9d. per yard when clean ; damask ta ble eloth s, two deen * as far as regard s G. H., W. D., and M. Lynch—J. Miller son of Mr. Charles Hindley, Inver-villa , to Martha Louisa , only yards square , from 2s. 6d. to 4s. 9d., those at 4s. 9d. being and s'ons, Leith , and W. Miller and Co., St. Petersburgh , mer- daug hter of Mr. Stephen Salter , Elvar-cottage , both of the above double dama sk three yards long ; rich damask , 6s. 6d. each ; chant s ; as far as regards A. Miller — Royal Mail Steam-Packet place. three yards long double damask , 14s. each ; nve yard s lone Company, Moorga te-street; as far as regards D. C. Cameron. On the 27th ult. at Hornsey Church , by the Reverend Richard damask , 12s. ; five yard s splendi d damask (n't for the table of Declaratio ns OP Dividends. —E. Snowdon , South Shields, Harvey , Andrew Baden , Esq., of Stoke Newington , to Mary, the nobility), 2ls. each ; table napk ins, from 8s. 6d. the dozen ; grocer : firs t div. of Is. on Saturday , May 4, or any subsequent third daug hter of the late Samu el Springsguth , Esq., of the those at 10s. 6d. the dozen being nearly a yard square. Sat urda y, at Mr. Bak er's, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. City-road . There are also about 2000 single pairs of fine linen sheets , Bankru pts.—W. G. Ceely, Cotton-street, Poplar , licensed On the 27th ult., at Marylebone Church , by the Reveren d John from two to three yards wide, from 4s. 6d. to 15s. the pair , those , to surrender May 7, June 13; solicitors , Messrs. M'Leod H. Ward , A.M., of Kew, Charles Turne r , only son of the late at 158. being three yards wide and seven yard s long ; also dus- carma n , Lancashire , to an d Stenning, London-street , Fenchurch-street ; official assi gnee , Rev. Henry White , A.M., rector of Claughton ters , diapers , towelling, &c , all subject to the same reductiou . hitm ore , Basin ghall-atreet— J. Brighton , Derb y-street , Elizab eth , younges t daug hter of William Alexander Arnold . Esq. The above linens are only slightly soiled, and uninjured for Mr . W Gur ney, Gray ' s-inn-ro ad , licensed victu aller . May 7, June 8; solicitors , On Sunday morning , the 28th ult., by the Reverend J. wear , this being the third year that Brooks and Co. have pur- Messrs. Dim ra ock and Burbey, Suffo l k-l an e, Cann on-street ; at St. Mary ' s, Bryanstpne-square , Robert , youngest son of the chased these sampl es. Early application should be made , as official assignee , Mr. Graham—T. Collingwood , Nune ham late Reverend G. D. Kent , Prebendary of Lincoln , to Emma numerous inquirie s hav e been made by former purcha sers as to Courtney , O xfordsh ire , innkeeper , May 11 , J une 22; solicitors , Rebecca , second dau ghter of Nicholas Barnable , Esq., of Re- the next sale of these goods. Messrs. Ford and Lloyd, Bloomsbury-square ; official assignee , eent-street. THOMAS BROOKS and Co., 105 and 106, High-street . Mr Penn ell, <»uildhall-chambere , Basing hall-street — A. E. DEATHS . Boroug h, one door fro m King-street , and three minute s' walk Cor va n, Ham pstead -load and Lisson-grove. baker , May 11, On the 17th ult , at Stockholm , in the 56th year of his age, Sir from the London-bridge Railw ay Terminus. Jun e ~2; solicitor , Mr. Hub bard , Bucklerabury ; official Thomas Cartwri ght , G.C.H., her Majesty 's Envoy Extrao rdinary N.B. Samples sent to any par t of the town , or in the country, Mr. Penne ll, Guildhall-chambers , Basing hall-street— Plenipotentiary at the Court of Sweden. aas w*nee, and Minister if written for. j G de st , Birming ham , commission-agent , May 13, J une 17; On the 26th ult., at Weaverham Vicarage , Cheshire , in the solicitors Messrs. Rawlins and Rowley, Birmingham ; official 6th year of her age , M ary Wilhelmina , the eldest daug hter of the Birmingham—J . Brown , Bristol , builder , THE MOTHER'S REAL COMFORT ! assignee , Mr. Chris tie, Reverend Charl es Spencer Stanhope. THE INFANT'S FRIEND! May" 14, J une 11; solicitor , Mr. Harley, Bristol ; official On the 29th ult. , at Beel-hous e, near Amersham , in the 78th BEST assignee , Mr. Miller , Bristol—J. Villar , Leckhampton and year of his age, Samuel Hi gham , Esq., Secretary and Controller- pi ASPARD'S SOOTHING SYRU P.—THE Cheltenha m , Gloucestershire , maltster . May 13, June 10; soli- General of the Natio nal Debt-office. VJ T TKETHING OF INFANTS.—It is a question ,—Whi ch citors, Messr s. Winterbotham and Bell, Cheltenham ; official On the 24th ult., at the convent of St Catherine of Sienna , endures the most intense agony—the infant lrom excru ciating as^i^nee , Mr. Hut ton , Bristol—C. Pearson , Sheffield , licensed Clifton , Lucy Spencer Ruscombe , third daug hter of the late pain during dentition , or the mother from anxiety in witnessi ng victu aller , Ma y 11, June 22 ; solicitor , Mr. Chambe rs , Sh effield ; Joseph Ruscombe Poole, Esq ., of Brid gewater. the affliction of her child , without the power of mitigating its official assignee, Mr. Freeman , Sheffield—C. Grkenho w, jun., On the 27 th ult., at the residence of his mother , the Honourable torture? Fortunately for the quiet and repose of both mother NeWcastle- upon-Tyne , timber-merchant , May 7, July lO; soli- Russell Byn?, lieute nan t of H.M.S. Ocean , fourth brother of and infant , an infallible remedy for their sufferings will be found citor3 , Mr. Uoyle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; and Messrs . Cros ley Viscount Torrington , in the 27th year of his age. in GASPARD'S SOOTHING SYRUP; an invaluab le medicine , and Compton , Ch urch-court , Old Jewry ; official assignee, Mr. On the 27th ult., at Shopwyke , near ( hichester , Harriet Eliza- which has been extensively used ,for a long series of years , with \Vak ;ey, N ewcas tle-upon-Tyne. beth , relict of the late Reverend Charles Pilkington , Canon Re- the most unfailing success. Children , while cutting the ir teeth , Dividends.—May 23, J . Price , Birming ham , cabinetmake r— sidentiary of Chichester Cathedral , aged 70. derive instant relief from pain by the application to their gums May 2a , U. W. Godwin , Lincoln , shipbuilder—May 29, W. On the 27th ult., after a few day s' illness, Emily Madelina , of this simple and innocent , yet sure and unerring remed y. By SuUda b y, Kingston- upon-Hull , millwri ght—J une 5, T. D. Ham - youngest daughter of William Bramston , Esq., of Royal-cresce nt, the timely app lication of GASPARD'S SOOTHING SYRUP mond , Kingston- upon-Hull , drugg ist— M ay 22, J . Saner , Kings- Norlan d , Kensington , aged 5 years and 2 months. the pain will speedil y subside , convulsions will be wholly pr e- ton-u pon-Hu ll, tai lor—June 5, h. Howitt. Lincoln , miller. On the 24th ult., at Tilney-street , the Lady Sarah Finch , se- vented , the quiet and re pose of the little sufferer almost momen- Certifi cates. — To be granted , un less cause be shown to the cond daughter of the Earl of Ayiesford , aged 26. taril y effected, and the feelings of the anxious mother (alarmed contrary on the day of meeting.— May 22, T. Wi lliams , Epsom , On the 16ih ult., at Gibraltar , Captain Thomas Phip ps Onslo w, and excited at beholding the anguish of her child ) calmed and drape r—Ma y 22, J. Tidmars h , Regent-street , and Chelte nham , of her Majesty ' s 67th Regiment , youngest son of the late Arc h- subdued. The entire system becomes soothed and tranquillized , draper— May 2d , G. Palmer , Longmere , Nor folk , catt le-dealer- deacon Onslow. and all irrita ' iou caused at once to cease.—8old by Thos. Prout , May 21 , E. Lichfield , Ipsw ich, upholsterer—M ay SI , T. Rowan , On the 23d ult., at Gowran-h ill, aged eight years and a half, 229, Strand , London ; Sanger , 150, Oxford-street; Hallett , 83, Cambr idge, dr aper. James , second son of John O'C onnell , Esq., M.P. High Holborn ; Johnston , 68, Cornhill ; and by most respectable Scotch Sequestrations. — Parker and Co., ureenock , On the 27th ult., at his residence in Lower Glentworth-street , Medicine Venders throug hout the United Kingdom. Price millers , May 4 and *5—G. Webster , Edinburg h, writer to the Limerick , William Roche , Esq., late M.P. for the city of Lime- Is. lad. per bottle ; and sent free , by post , safely packe d in a signet , May 6 and 27—P. B. Pa rker , Glasgow , warehouseman , rick. wooden case, for Eighteen 8tamps. ~A WORD IN 8 KASON TO May 6 and June 3—G . Dodds, Bullion , near Dundee , auctioneer , On the 26th ult., at the Vicarage , Silkstone , the Reveren d MOTHERS AND NURSE8, ON THE TEETHING OF IN- May 3 and 24—J. Murdoch , Glasgow , wr iter , May 3 and 24. George Millett. aged 56, vicar of Silkstone , and Chap lain to the FANTS , 16 pages 32mo., will be forwarded free , to all pa rts of Lord Bishop of Ripon. the Kingdom , upon the receipt of a single postage stam p, by T. On the 27th ult., at Devonshire-p lace-house , aged 39, Jaque- Prout , 229, Strand. BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS. line Elizabeth , wife of Alexander Trotter , Esq. , and daug hter of the late Williim Otter , D.D., Bishop of Chicheste r. of BIRTHS. On the 26th ult. , at his seat , Woodstoc k , in the count y of T^RAM PTON'S PILL HEALTH. Price On the 27th ult., in Camberwell-grove , the wife of the Reve- Lord Bishop of J- Is. 14d. per box. This excellent Family Pill is a Medi- ish churc h, of a W icklow, Lord Robert Ponsonby Tottenham , rend William Whitehtad , M.A., curate of the par Clogher , aged 76. cine of long-tried efficacy for correcting all disorders of the d o.\i ^h 11? r Stomach and Bowels, the common symptoms of which ar e On the 28th ult., at Oxford-terrace , Hyde-park , the wife of Costiveness Flatulency , Spa sms, Loss of Appetite , Sick Head- Henr y Hamilto n Cafe , Esq., of a son. ache , Giddiness , Sense of Fulness after meals , Dizziness of the , Burton Persse , GARDEN ENG INES, SYRINGES , &c &c. On the 27th ult., at the residence of her father CAUTION. —The well-known reputation of READ'S Eyes, Drowsiness , and Pains in the Stomach and Bowels : Esq., Moyode Cast le, the Lad y Claremor ri s, of a daughter. Indi gestion , producing a forpid State of the Liver, and a con- 2")th at Weyborne-house , Farnham , tti e wife of On t he ult., tice of placing Card s in Shop-windows with the word s, " Read 's sequent inactivity of the Bowels, causing' a disorganisation of Jo h n K ni ght , Esq., of a son. every function ot the frame, will, in this most excellent prepa- the lady of Lieute nant-Colo nel Patent " upon Syringes of the very commonest description. R. On the 27th ult., at Sevenoaks, Read begs to caution the Public against being deceived by such ra tion , by a little perse verance , be effectually removed. Two or W. M. N. Sturt , of the Bengal establishment , of a da ughter. upon trial , three doses will convince the afflicted of its salutar y effects. at G loucester-terrace , Hyde-park , the wife false representations , as many of these Instruments , action On t he 3 ith ult., will be found defective and useless Read 's Instrume nts may The stomach will speedil y regain its strength ; a healt hy of Gillery Pigott , Esq., barrister , of son. s Patent. of the liver , bowels, and kidneys will ra pidly tak e place ; and at Albemarle-street , Mrs . John Dalrymp le, be known by the Royal Arms and the words " Read ' " appea rance , On the 28ih ult., ggf» Manufactured onl y at 35, Regent-circus , Piccadilly. instead of listiessness, heat , pain , and jaundiced of tw in daug hters . ... __ ...... strength , activity, and renewe d health will be the quick result On the ^9th ult., at South wick-place , Hyde-park , the wife of of taking this medicine, according to the direct ions accompanying Char les Ma nley Smith , of the Middle Temp le, Esq., of a son. FRENCH LANGUA G E.—M. de each box. At Ky _ fered most accutely during the last four years from an affection wydel , Cardiaanshire . Esq. . . . . ; I had reall y friends. On the , the Cavaliere Luigi del Fres- of the Liver , and an exceeding ly bad digestion auth nil.., at Leamimrton thought that even in the prevent advanced state of medical " If you consider the above Testimonial of any advantage , you cobaldi , of the Tuscan Legation in Pa ris, to Fra nces Amelia, , are quiie at liberty to make what use of it please. N.B. science there was no radical cure for these complaint s ; however you eldest daughter of William Huy , Esq., of Hopes , the past fortnig ht , " 1 am , Sir , your most obliged seivant , O n the 23rd ult., at Gillingham Chur ch , Kent , by the vicar , the lrom the benefit I have experienc ed within •? Esq., I have not the slightest doubt of the entire success of your " Thos. Keat ing, Esq. W. J. Tuxoo." Rever end J. Page , D.D., Adolp hua Charl es Trou ghton , 79, St. Pa ul's Church yard . second son of Richard Zouch Trou ghton, Esq., of her Majest y a reme dy." May !44 ©ft t H t a tH t V* [Saturd ay, 4, 1850. In a few days will be published , post 8vo., -with a Frontispi ece STONEGRAVELS . NEAR CHESTER FIE LD; NEW AND REC ENT WOE KS. and Map, price 5s. 6d., SCHOOL for YOUNG LADIES, conducted hv ARCTIC VOYAGE to BAFFIN'S BAY the R«verend ALFRED TURNER BLYTHE and Mrs ANand LANCASTER SOUND in SEARCH of FRIEN DS BLYTHE. Terms ( exclusive of Masters), Fifty Guin eas ner of FAITH ; or, Passages from the Annum. Mr. and Mrs. Blythe (with the help of Mrs. Blyth ^g PHASES Fbanc is William Nbw- with SIR JOHN FRANKLIN. History of My Own Creed. By , ¦ister , Miss Williams ) devote their whole time and attenti on to jcak Author of " The Soul: her Sorr ows and her Aspirations. By Robebt A. Goodsib duties of thei r School. They do not wish to . May 4. Society of Edinburg h. the have under In 1 vol., post 8vo. [Beady on Satur day . Late President of the Royal Medical their care , at one time, more than ten pupils. They can pro- EUROPE. By John Van Voorst , 1, Paternoste r-row. vide for the thorough comfort of this number ; and can trea t EPITOME of the HISTORY of them , in every respect , as members of their own family. Their L. Raymond de Vebicouk. Post 8ro. [Nearly rea dy. pup ils in becoming trul In a few days will be publis hed, Post 8vo. illustrated , price 12«. great object is to aid the ir y refined , in- Just read y, in post 8vo., price 6s.t GEOLOGY, telligent , and conscientious women. It is not , they thin k, of so A N ELEMENTARY COURSE of much importance to crowd into the mind , during the compar a- GOD in CHRIST. Three Discourses delivered at J \. Mineralo gy, and Physic al Geograph y, tively short perio d of the school life, a large mass of infor mati on Newhaven Cambridge , and Andove r. with a Preliminary B David T. Anste d M.A., F.A S., &c., Professo r of Geology of subjects , as to furnish the mind ,. . y . and Geology on a great variet y with those Dissertation on Language. By Horace Bushnbll. at Kinsr ' s College. London , Lecturer on Miner alogy princip les of thought and means of jud gment which will at Addiscombe , and at the Putney Col- enab le Just published , at the H.e1i.O .Mil. Sem. their possessor , in after years, to acquire sound knowled ge for lege. Late Fellow of Je sus College, Cambrid ge. and to dispense it to others. They think it of THE ESTAB- herself , most im- THE TEM PORA LITIES John Van Voorst , 1, Paternoster-r ow, portant of all to show th e moral bearin g and uses of knowledge, LISHED CHI TBCH as THEY ARE, and as THEY MIGHT and to impress upon the mind the fact that its chief value con- BE;-collecte d from Aut hentic Public Records. By WILLIAM CHEAP EDITION OF " JANE EYRE. " sists in its app lication to practical and benevolent purpo ses. , an Old Churchman. 8vo., price Is. 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