, . ( .. ·... _, .. . "._,./ ...... 730 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. · JANUARY 21,

By Mr. SMITH: Petition of over 100 citizens of Prescott, SENATE. Ariz., in favor of opening the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposi~ S".A.TURD.A.Y, Januat·y 21, 1893. tion. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. By Mr. SPERRY: Petition of George Pope and many others The Journalofyesterday's proceedings was read and approved. of the city of Hartford, Conn., to open the World's Fair on Sun~ day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Expm~ition. CP.EDENTIALS. Also, petition of 78 citizens of Hartford, Conn., in favor of The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e presented the credentials of .. opening the World's Fair on Sundays-to the Select Committee MATTHEW STANLEY QUAY, elected by the Legislature of Penn­ on the Columbian Exposition. sylvania a Senator from that State for the term beginning March Also, petition of the Hartford Turnerbund, against restrict­ 4, 1893; which were read and ordered to be filed. , ing immigration-to the Select Committee on Immigration and Mr. FRYE presented the credentials of EUGENE HALE, elected Naturalization. by the Legislature of Maine a Senator from that State for tha By ~r. SPRINGER: Petition of three trades unions, in favor term beginning March 4, 1893; which were read and ordered to of opening the World:s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ be~. - tee on the Columbian Exposition. Mr. VOORHEES presented the credentials of DAVID TURPIE, BvMr. STEVENS: Petition of the Iron Moulders' Union of elected by the Legislature of Indiana a Senator from that State Nor~th America, No. 33, of Lawrence, Mass., praying for the for the term beginning March 4, 1893; which were read and or­ opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ der~d to be filed. tee on the Columbian Exposition. ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. Also, petition of the members and congregation of the First The PRESIDENT pro tempore announced his signature of the Baptist

. ., - ,.

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ! 731·

By unanimous consent, the President p1·o temp01·e was author­ He also presented a petition of the Commercial Club of St. ized to appoint the conferees on the part of the Senate, and Mr. Paul, Minrr., praying for the passage of legislation regulating WILSON, Mr. TELLER, and Mr. PUGH were appointed. the qualifications of immigrants; which was referred to the Com­ mittee on Immigration. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Mr. STOCKBRIDGE presented ~etitions of J. Hiller, of Hud­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented memorials of the First son, and of Lodge No. 82, International Association of Machin­ Presbyterian Church of Germantown; of the Walnut Street ists of Detroit, all in the State of Michigan, praying for the Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia; of the Arch Street Pres­ opening of the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; which byterian Church of Philadelphia, all in the State of Pennsylva­ were referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Se­ nia, and of Mrs. D. W. Faunce, of West Newton, Mass., remon­ lect). -, strating against a repeal of the law closing the World's COlum­ He also presented the petition of W. A. Foss and 39 other citi­ bian Exposition on Sunday; which were referred to the Com­ zens of Gladstone, Mich., and the petition of J. August Quellig mittee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). and 35 other citizens of Frankenmuth, Mich., praying foraquiet Mr. HUNTON presented a memorial of the Norfolk and Ports­ opening of the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; which mouth (Va.) Cotton Exchange, remonstrating again,st the pas­ were referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Se­ sage of the Washburn-Hatch antioption bill; which was ordered lect). to lie on the table. He also presented tlie petition of H. L. Hutchinson and sundry He also presented petitions oi the Chamber of Commerce and other citizens of Lansing, Mich., praying for the passage of the citizens of Norfolk, Va., praying for the repeal of the so-called antioption bill: which was ordered to lie on the table. Sherman silver act; which were ordered to lie on the table. Mr. McMILLAN presented a petition of citizens of Florence, Mr. VEST presented a memorial adopted at a meating of min­ Ariz., praying for the admission of "that Territory into the Union isters of the Met:Q. odis~ Episcopal Church, South, of St. Louis, as a State; which was referred to the Committee on Territories. Mo., remonstratmg against the opening of the World's Colum­ Mr. QUAY. I present resolutions adopted by the National bian Exposition on Sunday; which was referred to the Commit­ Board of Trade·at its annual meeting held in Washington City tee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). on the 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20tlf days of January of the present He also presented the petition or Archbishop Kenrick, Bishop year, favoring the construction of the Nicaragua Canal by the Tuttle, Vicar General Brady, Rev. R. A. Holland, and other Government. In connection with the resolutions, I present a citizens of St. Louis, Mo., praying fortheopeningofthe World's list of the commercial bodies represented by that organization, Columbian Exposition on Sunday after 12 o'clockm.; which was which I ask to have read. referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The list referred to will be He also presented the petition of G. B. Stone and sundry other read. citizens of Wichita Falls, Texas, praying for the passage of The Chief Clerk read as follows: legislation opening up the Indian Territory to settlement; The Albany (N. Y.) Chamber of Commerce. which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. The Ashland (Wis.) Business Men's Association. He also presented petitions of the Merchants' Exchange and The Baltimore (Md.) Board of Trade. The Baltimore (Md.) Corn and Flour Exchange. of the Trades and Labor Union of St. Louis, Mo., praying for The Boston (Mass. ) Mer<'hants' Association. the permanent establishment of a census bureau, and requiring The Boston (Mass.) Paper Trade Association. The Bradford (Pa.) Board of Trade. such bureau to report the percentage of the people of the United The Bridgeport (Conn.) Board of 'l'rade. States who own their own farms, and whose property is free of The Buffa.lo (N. Y.) Merchants' Exchange. debt; which were referred to the Committee on the Census. The Chester (Pa..) Board of Trade. Mr. COCKRELL. I p~esent resolutions of the Merchants' The Cleveland (Ohio) Board of Trade. The Columbus (Ohio) Board of Trade. Exchange and the Trades and Labor Union of St. Louis, Mo., The Cincinnati (Ohio) Chamber of Commerce. similar to the petitions just presented by my colleague [Mr. The Chicago (Ill.) Board of Trade. VEST], and I move that the petitions be referred to the Com­ The Chicago (Ill.) Paper Trade Club. The Detroit (Mich.) Board of Trade. mittee on the Census. The Duluth (Minn.) Chamber or Commerce. The motion was agreed to. The Grand Rapids (Mich.) Board of Trade. Mr. T~ER presented a memorial of the German-American The Indianapolis (tnd.) Board of Trade. The Jamestown (N.Y.) Board of Trade. Central Verein of Arapahoe County, Colo., remonstrating against The Kansas City Commercial Exchange. the passage of legislation suspending immigration; which was The Louisville (Ky.) Board of Trade. ordered to lie on the table. The Milwaukee (Wis.) Chamber of Commerce. The Milwaukee (Wis.) Merchants' Exchange. He also presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Colorado, The New Orleans (La.) Board of Trade. remonstrating against the repeal of the so-called Sherman silver The New Orleans Chamber of Commerce and Industry. act of 1890; which was ordered to lie on the table. The New Yo1·k Board of Trade and Transportation. The New York Chamber of Commerce. Mr. HARRIS. I present two stereotyped printed forms of pe­ The Italian Chamber of Commerce of New York. ,. titions, signed by the Journeymen Tailors' Union of Memphis, The Omaha. (Nebr8 Board of Trade. Tenn., and the Chattanoog-a branch of the North America Stone The Philadelphia. Pa.} Board of Trade. '.rhe Philadelphia. Pa.. Grocers and Importers' Exchange. Cutters' Association, praying for the opening of the World's The Portland (Oregon Chamber of Commerce. Columbian Exposition on Sunday. I move that the petitions be The Providence (R.I.) Board of Trade. referred to the Select Committee on the Quadro-Centennial. The Rochester (N.Y.) Chamber of Commerce. The Scranton (Pa.) Board of Trade. The motion was agreed to. The St. Joseph (Mo.) Board of Trade. Mr. MILLS presented petitions of Red River Lodge No.8, The St. Louis (Mo.) Mechanics' Exchange. Brotherhood of Labor Federation of Denison, Tex., and of Press­ The St. Louis (Mo.) Merchants' Exchange. The Toledo (Ohio) Produce Exchange. men's Union No. 12 of Galveston, Tex., praying for the opening The Trenton (N.J.) Board of Trade. of the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; which were re­ The Washington (D. C.) Board of Trade. ferred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). The Wichita (Kans.) Board or Trade. The Williamsport (Pa.) Board of Trade. Mr. SHERMAN presented petitions of the Boards of Trade of The Wilmington (Del.) Board of Trade. Xenia, Peninsula, Holgate, Hamler, Mount Gilead, and Felicity, The York (Pa.) Board of Trade. all in the State of Ohio, praying for the adoption of a national quarantine, and the suspension of immigration until the quar­ Mr. FRYE. Will the Senator from Pennsylvania iniorm the antine defenses of the country shall be placed in a condition to Senate what is the list which has just been read? guarantee protection from contagious diseases; which were or­ Mr. QUAY. I will state, in answer to the Senator from Maine, dered to lie on the tatle. that I presented resolutions adopted by the National Board of He also presented a petition of 248 citizens of Ohio, praying Trade at its meeting recently held in this city favoring the con­ for a total suspension of immigration for one year and the ap­ struction of the Nicaragua Canal, and had the list read to the pointment of a commission to investigate the evils of immigra­ Senate in order to show the constituents of that body. I desire tion in sections colonized by aliens during the last two decades; to have both printed in the RECORD. which was referred to the Committee on Immigration. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be so ordered. The He also presented a petition of 45 citizens of Ohio, praying for resolutions will lie on the table. the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; Mr. HARRIS. What was the request of the Senator from which was referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial Pennsylvania? . (Select). Mr. QUAY. That the list be printed in the RECORD. Mr. WASHBURN presented the petition of Charles Schu­ Mr. HARRIS. Oh,yes. maker and 67 other citizens of New York City, and the petition of The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. As the list has been read, it J"oseph Barcal and 22 other citizens of New York City, praying will of course appear in the HECORD. for the passage of the Washburn-Hatch antioption bill; which Mr. HAR.R.IS. Necessarily it will be printed in the RECORD, were ordered to lie on the table. having been read .

.- I • .. \ 732 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21,.

Mr. MORGAN. I ask that the series of resolutions adopted by all in the same printed form, praying for the o-pening of the the National Board of Trade be printed as a document. World's Fair on Sunday. Four of these petitions were orginally Mr. QUAY. My understanding is that the resolutions are also addressed to Ron. JoHN C. TARSNEY, a member of Congress to be printed in the RECORD. from the Fifth Congressional district of Missouri, and his name The PRESIDENT p'l·e tempo1·e. The order of the Senate was has been erased and mine substituted, so that it is addressed to that the names of the commercial bodies comprising the National "Ron. F. M . COCKRELL, member of Congress," etc. Two of Board of Trade shall be printed in the RECORD, not the resolu­ the petitions were originally addressed to·Hon. SETH W. CoBB, tions. a meruber from St. Louis·, and his name has been erased and Mr. QUAY. I should be glad, if there be no objection, to have mine inserted. Then three of the petitions were addressed orig­ the resolutions also incorporated in the RECORD. inally,. to Ron. JOHN J. O'NEILL, a member of Congress from The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the re­ St. LOuis, and his name has been erased and mine inserted. We quest of the Senator from Pennsylvania? are expected tO be wonderfully moved by expressions of senti­ Mr. HARRIS. If it be to print simply the matter read there ment from our constituents in that form. can be no objection: but if it be to print more I do object. The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The petitions will be noted ThePRESIDENTprotempore. ':rherequest is that the resolu­ and referred to the Select Committee on the Quadro-Centennial. tions, which were not read, be printed in the RECORD. The petitions were referred to the Committee on the Quadro­ Mr. HARRIS. To that I object. Centennial (Select), as follows: Mr. SHERMAN. I hope the resolutions will be printed as a A petition of Kansas City (Mo.) Lodge No.4 of the Switch­ document. _ men's Mutual Aid Association; Mr. QUAY. Then let them be printed as adocument. A petition of Tailors' Union No. 64, of Kansas City, Mo.; The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to there­ A petition of Kansas City (Mo.) Lodge No. 92, International quest made by tile Senator from Pennsylvania, that the resolu­ Association of Machinists; tions of the National Board of Trade be printed as a document. A petition of Big Fout' Lodge No. 337, Brotherhood of Loco­ ·The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. motive Firemen, of Kansas City, Mo.; Mr. QUAY presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce A petition of International Union No.2, of the Machine Wood­ of Pittsburg, Pa., praying for the creation of a commission to workers of St. Louis, Mo.; be known· as the Ohio River commission, to have general super­ A petition of the Upholsterers' Union, of St. Louis, Mo.; vision of the improvement of that river from Pittsburg, Pa., to A petition of the Tin, Sheet-iron, and Cornice Workers, of St. Cairo, Ill.; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. Louis, Mo.; · ~ He also presented m3morials of 182 religious and other organi­ A petition of the 'American Waiters and Bartenders' Union zations of Pennsylvania, remonstrating against the repeal of the No. ~0, of St. Louis, Mo.; and · presentlawclosing the World'sColumbianExposition on Sunday; A petition of the German Progressive Waiters and Bar­ whiclrwere referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial keepers' Union, of St. L~uis, Mo. (Select). Mr. FRYE. I present a petition that really means business. He also presented petitions of Henry Vaught and 62 other citi­ I present a petition of bankers and business men of the 01ty of zens of Shar-psburg; of H. J. Deily and 206 other citizens of Phil­ Portland, Me., praying for the immediate discontinuance of the adelphia; of C. K. Rhodesand36othercitizensof Birdsboro, and purchase of silver under the so-called Sherman act. I move that of L. H. Kuhn and 11 other citizens of Philadelphia, all in the the petition be referred to the Committee on Finance. State of Pennsylvania, praying for a total suspension of immigra­ The motion was agreed to. tion for one year, and the appointment of a commission to inves­ Mr. POWER presented petitions of officers and members of tigate the evils of immigration in sections colonized by aliens .4Qcal Union, No. 112, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and during the last two decades; which were ordered to lie on the Joiners, of Butte City, Mont., and of citizens of Helena, Butte table. City, Anaconda, Deer Lodge, Garrison, Missoula, Walkerville, He also presented memorials of the Presbyterian Church of Lewistown, Virginia City, Maiden, Sheridan, Deerfield, Marys­ Derry; of the Susquehanna Avenue Presbyterian Church of ville, Utica, Craig, Cottonwood, Philipsburg, and Stanford, all Philadelphia; of Rev. John C. Conover and other citizens of in the State of Montana, praying for the opening of the World's Kenwood; of the congregations of Salem, Ebenezer, and Zion Columbian Exposition on Sunday; which were referred to the churches of the Evangelical Association of North America of Committee on the Quadro-Centenniaf(Select). · Allentown; of the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor Mr. PLATT presented a petition of the Trades Council, of of the First Presbyterian Church of Emlenton; of sundry citizens New Haven, Conn., praying for the repeal of the law closing the of Hebron; of the Ministerial Union of Bethlehem; of the Pres­ World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; which was referred byt3rian Congregation of Manor Station; of Pisgah and Troy to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). Presbyterian churches of Corsica and Summerville; of Grace Mr. CULLOM pres ented a petition of Pomona Grange, Patrons Memorial Presbyterian Church of Pittsburg; of Pine Sun Pres­ of Husbandry, of Peoria County, Ill., praying for the Govern­ byterian Church of Markle; of sundry citizens of Glenfield; of ment supervision of railroads; the passage of the Washburn­ the Presbyterian Church of Hookstown; of Little Redstone Pres­ Hatch antioption bill; the Paddock pure-food bill; the Govern­ byterian Church of Kenneth, all in the State of Pennsylvania; ment postal-savings bank bill, and the free and daily delivery of .and of the Presbyterian Church of Senecaville, Ohio, remon­ pnstal matter to farmers and other rural residents; which was strating against the repeal of the law closing the World's Colum­ referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. bian Exposition on Sunday; which were referred to the Committee He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Elburn, Ill., on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). praying for the repeal of the so-called Sherman silver law; which Mr. SAWYER presented a petition of bankers of La Crosse, was ordered to lie on the table. Wis., praying for therepeal of the so-called Sherman silver act; He also presented petitions of citizens of Edgar and Cumber­ which was ordered to lie on the table. land Counties, in the Sta.te of Illinois, praying for the appoint­ Mr.·PALMERpresented a petition of the Peoria (Ill.) County ment_of a Senate committee to investigate the combine formed Pomona Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, praying for such gov­ to depreciate the price of grain existing between mille1·s, rail­ -ernmental supervision of railroads as will prevent discrimina­ roads, and elevators; which were referred to the Committee· on tion in passenger and freight charges; for the passage of the Agriculture and F orestry. Washburn-Hatch antioption bill; for the passage of the pure­ Mr. HANSBROUGH presented a petition of the Chamber of food bill; for the establishment of Government postal savings Commerce of Grand Forks, N.Dak., praying for the establish­ banks, and for the free and daily delivery of mail in the rural ment of a permanent national timber reservation to include the districts; which were ordered to lie on the table. Turtle Mounhin region in that State; which was referred to the Mr. WOLCOTT presented a memorial of the German-Ameri­ Committee on· Public Lands. can Central Verein, of Arapahoe County, Colo.;remonstrating He also present~d a memorml of the Presbyterian Synod of against the passage of legislation suspending immigration; which North Dakota, remonstrating against the opening of the. World's was ordered to lie on the table. Columbian Expo3ition on Sunday; which was referred to the ·Mr. COCKRELL. I have just opened some mail I have re­ Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). ceived, and in it is a petition to Congress from A.B, Johnson and He also presented the petition of J.D. Vail, M. T. Jacobson, sundry other citizens residing in various parts of Missouri, pray­ S. Friswold, R. L. Hill, and 100 other citizens of Forman, N. ing for the repeal of the act closing the World's Columbian Ex­ Dak., praying for the opening of the World's Columbian Expo­ position on Sunday. It is one of the stereotyped printed petitions sition on Sunday; which was referred to the Committee on the gotten up to express the burning sen timen t of the people on a q ues­ Quadro-Centennial (Select). · tion of that kind. I move that the petition ba referred to the Select Committee on the Quadro-Centennial. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. The motiqn was agreed to: Mr. MORRILL, from the Committee on Public Buildings a.ud Mr. COCKRELL. I hold in my hand sundry other petitions, Grounds, tow hom wa.s referred the bill (S. 535) to provide for the . .... ·.....

•\ 1893. CONGRESSION1\.L RECORD-SENATE. construction of a public building at Baker City, Oregon, re­ ARREARAGES OF DISTRICT TAXES. ported it with an amendment. Mr. HUNTON. I am directed by the. Committee Ofil the Dis­ He also, from the same committee, reported four amendments trict of Columbia, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3383) to intended to be proposed to the sundry-civil appropriation bill; amend the act of May 6, 1890, fixing the t::ate of interest to be which were referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and charged on arrearages of general and special taxes now due the ordered to ba printed. District of Columbia, to report it with a favorable recommenda­ Mr. HARRIS. The Committee on the District of Columbia, tion, and I am further instructed unanimously by the commit.; to whom was referred the bill (S. 3521) to amend the charter of tee to ask the consent of the Senate to put the bill upon its p~­ the Eckington and Soldiers' Home Railway Company, of the sage. It is an important matter which has been indorsed by the District of Columbia, have directed me to report the same ad­ District Commissioners and the bill is unanimously reported by versely and to ask that the bill be indefinitely postponed for the the District Committee. reason that the committee have already reported f~vorably a Mr. COCKRELL and Mr. SHERMAN. Let the bill be read House bill substantially the same as the bill nQW reported ad­ for information. versely. The bill was read, as follows: The report was agreed to. Be it enacted, etc., That all persons whose property was involved in suits or Mr. PEFFER, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was law, or where minors were owners at the time the arrearages of taxes were referred the bill (S. 988) for the relief of Mrs. Emilie M. Fer­ received at 6 per cent and penalties off, may, within six months from the riere, widow and representative of Louis L. Ferriere, deceased, date of passage of this bill, have the privilege of paying said arrearages of taxes up to July 1, 1892, with remission of penalties, and interest to be com­ submitted an adverse report thereon; which was agreed to, and puted at the rate of 6 per cent per annum. the bill was postponed indefinitely. Mr. McMILLAN, from the Committee on the District of Co­ By unanimous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the lumbia, to whom was referred an amendment intended to be Whole, -proceeded to consider the bill. _ proposed to the District appropriation bill, th~ amendment The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered making an appropriation for the purpose of condemning or pur­ to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and chasing the ground needed to extend and o-pen Thirty-seventh passed. street, between Back street and Tennallytown road, at or near TABERNACLE SOCIETY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Schneider lane, reported it favorably, and moved that it be re­ ferred to the Committee on Appropriations and be printed; Mr. VANCE. I am instructed by the Committee on the Dis­ which was agreed to. · trict of Columbia, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3690) .to in­ Mr. VEST, from the Select Committee on the Trai;J.sportation corporate the Tabernacle Society of the District of Columbia, to and Sale of Meat Products, to whom was referred the bill (S. report it favorably, with an amendment, and I ask that it be 3522) to craate a bureau in the Department of Agriculture for now considered. the giving public information of the production and shipping of Mr. COCKRELL. Let the bill be read for information. live stock, reported it without amendment. The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The bill will be read at length He also, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was re­ for the information of the Senate. ferred the bill (H. R. 6797) to authorize the construction of a The Secretary read the bill, as follows: bridge across the Cahaba River, in Bibb County, Ala., by the Be it enacted, eic., That Thomas J . Kervock, Mrs. C. H. L. Coues, Mrs. Fior­ ence s. Vance, Mrs. Kate R. Mann, Miss Fannie Whelan, and Miss Rafael Montgomery, Tuscaloosa and Memphis Railway, reported it with­ Acosta, and their associates and successors, are hereby constituted a body out amendment. politic and corporate by the name of the Tabernacle Society of the District Mr. MITCHELL. I am directed by the Committee on Claims, of Columbia, with power to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, and have perpetual succession; to acquire, take by devise, bequest, or otherwise, to whom was referred the bill (S. 1954) for the relief of Lewis D. hold, purchase, encumber, and convey such real and personal estate as shall Allen, to raport it adversely. I call the attention of the Senator be required for the purpose of its incorporation; to make and use a comm.on from Missouri [Mr. CocKRELL] to the report. seal, and the same to alter at pleasure; to choose a board of trustees co~­ sisting or not more than fifteen, of whom five shall constitute a q·uorum to Mr. COCKRELL. I think the Se:ltator from Oregon has done do business, and which board shall be authorized to fill any vacancies in their exactly right. I am very glad to know he has reported the bill number; to appoint suchom.cers and agents as the business of the corpora­ adversely. tion shall require, and to make by-laws for the accomplishment of its pur­ poses, for the management of its property, and for the regulation of its af· Mr. MITCHELL. I m()ve that the bill be indefinitely post­ fairs. poned, and ask that the report be printed. SEc. 2. That this act may be amended or repealed at any time by the Con­ The PRESIDENT pTo tempO'I'e. Under the rules of the Senate gress in its pleasure. the report will be printed, notwithstanding it is adverse. The Mr. COCKRELL. I should like to ask the Senator from North bill will be indefi.nitelv postponed, if there be no objection. Carolina what is the object of the bill? '.rhe bill gives unlim­ Mr. MITCHELL, from the Committ~e on Claims, to whom was. ited power to this corporation to hold and acquire real and per­ referred the bill (S. 3520) for the relief of Jason Wheeler, late sonal estate; there is no limit to the amount: and there is no ob­ United States Indian agent at Warm Springs Agency, Oregtm, ject specified in the bill for which the association is organized. reported it without amendment and submitted a report thereon. Mr. VANCE. I will state that the object is specified; but not I MISSOURI RIVER BRIDGE AT OMAHA. in the bill as it was read by the Secretary. The object is to fur­ Mr. FRYE. From the Committee on Commerce I report back nish vestments and sacred vessels to poor churches. 11 favorably, with an amendment, the bill (S. 3727) to amend An Mr. COCKRELL. That object is not specified in the bill ~s act authorizing the construction of a rail way, street rail way, mo­ printed. My attention was directed to the bill, and I had a copy tor, wagon, and pedestrian bridge over the Missouri River, near of it on my desk and made a memorandum upon it. Council Bluffs, Iowa, and Omaha, Nebr., and to extend the time Mr. VANCE. The bill was amended by the committee. for the completion of the bridge therein provided for." As it The PRESIDENT pro tempo-re. The Chair calls attention to is important that the bill shall become a law at· this session of the fact that the bill is reported with an amendment. It was Congress, I ask that it may receive present consideration. There read as introduced; but there is an amendment reported by the will be no objection to it. committee. Mr. COCKRELL. Let it be read for information. Mr. VEST. Let the amendment be read. Mr. HARRIS. Subject to objection. Mr. COCKRELL. Let us hear the amendment, then. The bill was read; and there baing no objection, the Senate, Mr. SHERMAN. I think the bill had bettor be placed on the as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to its consideration. Calendar.· The amendment of the Committee on Commerce was to add to Mr. VANCE. I will take this opportunity to state that the the bill the following proviso: bill was changed by the printer. The object of the association Provided, That the navigation of the Missouri River shall not be obstructed was expressly stipulated and set forth in the original bill, and by false works during the construction of the bridge. the printer, by what authority I do not know, drew his pen So as to make the bill read: through it, which forced us again to amend the bill in the com­ Be it enacted, etc., That section 8 of the act entitled "An actauthorizingth~ construction of a railway, street railway, motor, wagon, and pedestrian mittee. bridge over the Missouri River, near Council Blu.1Is, Iowa, and Omaha, Nebr,'' The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres­ be amended to read as follows: ent consideration of the bill? "SEC. 8. That this act shall be null and void -if construction of said bridge shall not be commenced on or before the 1st day of January, 1892, and be There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the completed on or before the lst day of July, 1898; P-rovided, That the naviga­ Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. tion of the Missouri River shall not be obstructed by false works during the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendments of the com­ construction of the bridge." mitt;ee will be stated. The ameLdment was agreed to. The SECRETARY. In line 7, after the word" Columbia," in­ The bill was reported to the Senate as amended and the amend­ sert: , ment was concurred in. An association to provide vestments and sacred vessels to poor churches. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read . . . the third time, and passed. The amendment was agreed to. .- .·

.734 CONGRESSIONA~ RECORD-SENATE. J.ANQARY 21,

The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ ~ro~wt~fr~r~ilmtely as maybe the plans and processes used in theconstruc- ment was concurred in. .A.nd be it further resolved, That the Commissioners of the District of Co· The bilt was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read lumbia. be required to tra.nsmit to Congt·ess a de':railed report of any and all expenses incurred in the repair of the piers of said bridge since the same be­ the third time, and passed. came the joint property of the United States and the District of Columbia KILLING OF FRANK RILEY. and by whom said repairs, if any, were made, and under whose direction or SUJ:>ervision the same were made, _and, as fully as may be practicable, a de­ Mr. SHERMAN. I am directed bytheCommitteeonForeign tailed account of the work of making the same, and a copy of the r~port of Relations to report back favorably a resolution submitted by th9 any o:l:llcer ot the District or ~mploye thereof, engaged in the said work, or Senator from Oregon [Mr. MITCHELL] calling for information uponany part thereof, including a statement as to whetherthesa1d Commis­ sioners have ever caused either or all of the piers of said brid~e to be tested from the State Department, and to recommend its passage. with plumb and level. ox any.other suihble inst1·ument, to see if either or all The PRESIDENT p1·o ternpm·e. The resolution will be read. of them., are out of plumb, and, if so, the result of such examination. The resolution submitted by Mr. MITCHELLDecember6, 1892, The PRESI.DENT pTo tempm·e. The question is on agreeing was read, as follows: to. the resolution. R esolved, That the President be and he hereby is requested, if not incom­ The resolution was agreed to. patible with the public interests, to transmit to the Senate, at his earliest convenience, copies of all correspondence on file in the Department of State, PRESIDENTIAL APPROVALS. if any, relating t.o the alleged killing of Frank Riley, an American sailor of the United States steamship Newark, in Genoa, Italy, in August or Septem­ A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. 0. ber last. L. PRUDEN1 one of his secretaries, announced that the President Mr. MITCHELL. I s"uggest th~t the resolution be put on its had, on the 20th instant, approved and signed the following acts: - passage, if the Senator from Ohio has no objection. An act {S.118) for the relief of the estate of Isaac W. Talking­ Mr. SHERMAN. I have no objection. ton, deceased; and Mr MITCHELL. I ask for the immediate consideration of An act (S. 3195) granting to the Yuma Pumping Irrigation the resolution, by consent of the chairman. of the committee: Company the right of way for two ditches across that part of the The resolution was considered by unanimous consent, and Yuma Indian Reservation lying in Arizona. agreed to. BILLS INTRODUCED. HEATON'S ''RECALL OF COLUMBUS." Mr. TELLER introduced a bill (S. S'i43) granting a pension to Mr. QUAY. I am instructed by the Committee on the Library, Julia E. Lock, formerly widow ~f the late Gen. Daniel McCook· to whom was referred the joint resolution {S. R.134) authorizing which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying the exhibition, at the World's Columbian Exposition, of the papers, referred to the Committee on Pensions. picture entitled "The Recall of Columbus," by Augustus G. . Mr. CH~NDLER introd~ced a bill (S. 3744} granting a pen­ Heaton, to report it with an amendment in the nature bf a sub­ siOn to AlLee K. Potter, widow of Gen. Joseph H. Potter de­ +. stitute, and I ask the unanimous consent of the Senate that it be ceased; which was read twice by its title, and referred to' the immediately placed on its passage. · Committee on Pensions. By unanimous consent, the Senate, as in the Committee of the Mr. BRICE introduced a bill (S. 3745) to amend the military Whole, proceeded to consider the joint resolution. record of Thomas M . Elliott; which was read twice by its title, The amendment of the Committee on the Library was to strike and, with the accompanying papers, referred, to the Committee out all after the resolving clause and insert: on Military Affairs. That the Architect of the Capitol be, and he hereby is, authorized to loan Mr. WOLCOTT introduced a bill (S. 3746) granting a pension to the Department ot State the picture in the Capitol entitled " The Recall to William J. Eaton; which was read twice by its title, and re­ of Columbus," by Augustus G. Heaton, for exhibition at the World's Colum­ ferred to the Committee on Pensions. .' bian Exposition. Mr. PEFF'ER introduced a l::ill (S. 3747) for the relief of Wil­ The amendment was agreed to. liam K. Copeland; which was read twice by its title, and referred The joint resolution was reported to the Senate as amended, and to the Committee on Pensions. the amendment was concurred in. Mr. STOCKBRIDGE int.oduced a bill (S. 3748) granting a pen­ The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed for a third sion to B. C. Goodhue; wliich was read twice by its title, and, reading~ read the third time, and passed. with the accompanying papers, referr ed to the Committee on The title was amended so as to read: "A joint resolution au­ Pensions. • thorizing the loan, for exhibition at the World's Columbian Ex­ Mr. CULLOM introduced a bill (S. 3749) to place William H. position, of the picture entitled 'The Recal1 of Columbus,' by Bailhache on the retired li ~t of the Army; which was read twice '. Aug-ustus G. Heaton." by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. POTOMAC AQUEDUCT BRIDGE. Mr. CALL introduced a bill (S: 3750) granting an increase of ..: . pension to Benjamin F. Perry; which was r ead twice by its Mr. GALLINGER. I am instructed by the Committee on the 'title, and referred to the Committee en Pensions. District of Columbia, to whom was referred the joint resolution He also introduced a bill (S. 3151) granting a pension to John (S. R. 133) instructing the Secretary of War to cause an exami­ Hatcher; which was r ead twice by its title, and referred to the ·. nation to be made of the piers of the Aqueduct bridg-e, and the Committee on Pensions. District Commissioners to furnish a statement of expenditures Mr. WHITE introduced a .bill (S. 3752) for the relief of Mrs. on account of said bridge since it became the joint property of Mattie S. Holland; which was read twice by its title, and re­ the United States and the District of Columbia, to reporta S en­ ferred to the Committee on Claims. ate resolution as a substitute for the joint resolution, and I am Mr. WILSON (by request) introduced a joint resolution (S. R. likewise instructed by the committee to ask for its immediate 138) to recover the value of the Columbian souvenir coins in cer­ .· consideration. tain contingencies; which was read twice by its title, and referred The PRESIDENT pro terrtpo-re. The joint resolution, in the to the Committee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). absence of objection, will be indefinitely postponed. The Sena­ tor from New Hampshire asks unanimous consent for the pres­ AMENDMENTS TO APPROPRIATION BILLS. entconsideration of the Senate. resolution which is reported as a Mr. CAREY submitted an amendment intended to be proposed substitute. by him to the legislative appropriation bill; which was referred The Senate, by unanimous consent, proceeded to consider the to the Committee on "Agriculture and Forestry, and ordered to resolution; which was read, as follows: be printed. A resolution instructing the Secretary of War to cause an examination to be He also submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by made of the piers of the Aqueduct bridge, and the District Commissioners him to the sundry civil appropriation bill· which was referred to furnish a statement of expenditures on account of said bridge since it to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, and ordered to became the joint property of the United States and the District of Colum­ bia. be printed. Whereas by the annual report of the Commissioners of the District of Co­ Mr. CHANDLER submitted an amendment intended to be lumbia for the year ending June 30, 1889, it is made to appear that the ma­ proposed by him to the Indian appropriation. bill; which was soru·r composing the piers of the Aqueduct bridge was largely in need of referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be repa1r and at least one of the piers thereof had settled 4 inches to the north, and· large cavities caused by erosion existed in more than one of said printed. .· piers, and that a large sum of money was expended in the repair of the same: He also submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by Therefore, him to the general deficiency appropriation bill; which was re­ R esolved, That the Secretary of War is hereby authorized and directed to ca. use to be made a thorough examination of the piers of said bridge by some ferred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be competent o:l:llcer of the Engineer Corps of the United States Army, andre­ printed. port to Congress at an early day- He also submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by First. If any one of said piers of said bridge has so settled as to be out of plumb; and, if so, which way it Leans. him to the fortification appropriation bill; which was referred Second. What cavities, if any, exist in any of the piers of said bridge re­ to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. quiring repairs or in any way impairing the supporting capacity of said Mr. PROCTOR submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ piers, or either of them, making specific report of defects, 11 any, in each pier. Third. That he transmit a copy of the report of the olllcer of the Engineer posed by him totbe Army appropriation bill; which was referred Corps charged with the duty of constructing the piers of the said bridge, to the Committee on Military Affairs, and·ordered to be printed. , . ' : / ·- .. ··. ·..• '

I • 1893. CONG}{ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.· 735

Mr. HUNTON submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ Mr. WOLCOTT. I make that motion. posed by him to the naval appropriation bill; which was ordered The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Colorado to te printed, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to moves that the joint resolution (S. R. 137) instructing the Post­ the Committee on Naval Affairs. master-General to discontinue the sale of the so-called Colum­ He also submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by bian stamps be referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and him to the fortification appropriation bill; which was referred Post-Roads. to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. The motion was agreed to. Mr. DOLPH submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the sundry civil appropriation bill; which was referred MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. to the Committee on Territories, and ordered to be printed. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. T. 0. TOWLES, its Chief Clerk, announcad that the House had passed '. ·, SALMON FISHERIES OF ALASKA. the following bills and joint resolutions: Mr. PLATT submitted the following ~esolution; which was A bill (S. ~H17) relating to post traderships; considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: A bill {S. 3581) to amend an act entitled "An act to forfeit cer­ ..... R esolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, directed tain lands heretofore granted for the purpose of aiding in the to transmit to the Senate a copy of the report of date January 19, 1893,ofthe special agent of the Treasury Department, detailed under the act of March construction of railroads, and for other purposes;" and 2, 1889, to carry into effect the provisions of the laws pertaining to the pro· A joint resolution (S. R. 135) making appropriation of $5,000 tection of the salmon fisheries of Alaska. for clearing the Potomac River of ice. INDIAN DEPREDATION CLAIMS. The message also announced that the House had passed the Mr. CHANDLER submitted the following resolution; which following bills; in whichitrequested the concurrence of the Sen­ was considered by unanimous consent, ai;ld agreed to: ate: A bill (H, R. 1419) for the relief of Catharine Caine; Re olved, That the Attorney-General be directed to transmit to the Senate a copy of the decision mentioned in his communication to the Senate of the A bill (H. R. 5504) to.permit the withdrawal of certain papers 3d instant, announced by the Court of Claims, that two specified classes of and the signing of certain receipts by John Finn or his attorney; "- Indian depredation claims are entitled to priority of cons1deration.under A bill (H. R. 9825) to establish companies of the Hospital Corps, section 4 of the act of March 3, 1891. United States Army, and for other purposes; SALE OF COLUMBIAN STAMPS. A bill (H. R. 10206) to ratify and confirm an agreement made Mr. WOLCOTT. I desi,e to call up from the table a joint between the Seneca Nation of Indians and William B. Barker; resolution which I introduced two days ago, instructing the A bill (H. R. 1004:2) to amend an act entitled "An act to regu­ Postmaster-General to continue the sale of the ordinary postage late commerce," approved February 4, 1887, as amended March stamps, which have been used for years by the people of the 2, 1889; and United States, and to sell the Columbian postage stamps only to A bill (H. R. 10163) to amend an act entitled "An act to reO'u- such people as may call for them, my object being to move a ref­ late commerce," approved February 4, 1887. o erence of the joint resolution to the appropriate committee. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. I have been at a loss to understand why the Columbian stamps The message also announced that the Speaker of the House were ever manufactured. I find by referring to the annual re­ had signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolution; and port of the Postmaster-General-in which he asks, and very they were thereupon signed by the President p·ro tempore: properly, for increased appropriations, appropriations aggregat­ A bill (S. 2625) to provide for the punishment of offenses on mg some $80,000,00Q-thathe expects to receive a million and a the high seas; half dollars extra profit out of these stamps by selling them to A bill (S. 3537) for the relief of M. P. Deady; stamp collectors. That is a trick which some of the little Central A bill (S. 3580) to amend the proviso to be found in connection American States do sometimes. When they are short a few with the free-delivery service, page 569, twenty-fourth volume, thousand dollars they get up a new stamp and sell it to stamp Statutes at Large; and collectors all over the world, and get J.tllney for it. It seems to Joint resolution (S. R. 128) to authorize the Secretary of War me, Mr. President, this is too great a country to subject 60,000,000 to grant permits for the use of reservations and public spaces in people to the inconvenience of using this big concern in order the city of .Washington, and for other purposes. that we may unload a cruel and unusual stamp upon stamp col­ lectors to file in their albums. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Since the joint resolution was introduced I have heard from a Mr. SHERMAN. I move that the Senate proceed to the con- great many sources good reasons why the measure should be not sideration of executive business. - only introduced, but carried. I have received letters from many The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the railway clerks who say that the resemblance of the new 1- consideration of executive business. After one hour and twenty­ cent stamp to tbe special-delivery stamp is so marked that mis­ seven minutes spent in executive session the doors were reopened. - ~akes are constantly being made in spite of their vigilance. I have received a number of letters from manufacturers of small HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. articles who advertise in the papers that on receipt of so many The following bills from the House of Representatives were stamps they will send out the articJes. They can not sell the severally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Commit­ stamps that they receive; they have to use them. On the ordi­ tee on Military Affairs: nary small package, which requires four or five stamps, the A bill (H. R. 1419) for the relief of Catherine Caine; and small stamps would go upon it, but to put four or five of the A bill (H. R. 9925) to establishcompaniesoftheHospital Corps) great big new stamps upon it you have got to make a package United States Army, and for other purposes. to go through the mail two or three times the ordinary size, The following bills were severally read twice by their titles, '. and therefore must use additional postage. I received a letter and referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce: this morning from a physician who suggests that if the sale of A bill (H. R. 100!2) to amend an act entitled'' An act to regu­ the stamps is abandoned, those on hand might be properly used late commerce," approved February 4, 1887, as amended March as chest-protectors. [Laughter.] 2, 1889; and I trust the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads will take A bill (H. R. 10163) to amend an act entitled" An act to regu­ some speedy action on the subject of discontinuing the use of late commerce," approved February 4, 1887. these stamps, except to people who demand them, and nobody The bill (H. R. 5504) to permit the withdrawal of certain would demand them. If you go to a post-office now and ask for papers and the signing of certain receipts by John Finn or his ordinary stamps, you can not buy them. I move that the joint attorney was read twice by its title, and referred to the Commit­ resolution be referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and tee on Finance. Post-Roads. The bill (H. R.10206) to ratify and confirm an agreement made Mr. COCKRELL. Why not put it on its passage? between the Seneca Nation of Indians and William Barker was Mr. HALE. Why does not the Senator ask the Senate to put read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian the joint resolution on its passage? Affairs. Mr. WOLCOTT. Because it is a joint resolution. I will state SOUTHERN KANSAS RAILWAY COl\IPANY. to the Senator from Maine that, in my ignorance, I supposed we Mr. WASHBURN. I call for the regular order. could do that, but I am informed that it has to go to the commit­ Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I ask unanimous consent that the tee, because the resolution is joint. regular Ot'der may be laid aside for a moment in order that Sen­ Mr. HARRIS. Not necessarily. ate bill 1948 may be considered. .It will not take more than a Mr. COCKRELL. Certainly not. minute or two. It is a bill of some importance. Mr. HALE. I hope the Senator will ask unanimous consent to Mr. WASHBURN. If the bill will not lead to debate, I shall put the joint resollnion on its passage. not interpose an objection. Mr. SAWYER. I object. I ask for its reference to. the Com­ Mr. JONES of Arkansas. It will only take a moment. mittee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. By unanimous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the 736 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21,

Whole, proceeded to consider the bill {S. 1948) to authorize the mon observation, the common experience of the great mass of Southern Kansas Railway Company to construct and maintain a the citizens of this country is entitled to weight. Idonot think pipe line from the North Fork of the Canadian River, Indian that a large mass of American citizens, belonging to that intel­ Terri tory, to said railroad. ligent and conservative class who till the soil, are easily misled, The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ either as to an evil which they feel or as to the remedy by which dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, they propose to remove that evil. and passed. I find that quite recently there have been actions on the part DEALING lN OPTIONS AND FUTURES. not only of voluntary associations of American farmers, lodges, granges, conventions, who have spoken their will in reference to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senate resumes the con­ this matter, but there have been actions taken by responsible sideration of the unfinished business. bodies, Legislatures of the States. I hold in my hand a memo­ The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the con­ randum handed to me by the Senator from Minnesota [Mr. sideration of the bill (H. R. 7845) defining- "options" and "fu­ WASHBURN] this morning, containing a list of the States which tures," imposing special taxes on dealers therein, and requiring have solemnly passed resolutions asking the American Congress such dealers and persons engaged in selling certain products to to pass a law to suppress dealings in futures. obtain license, and for other purposes, the pending question be­ Mr. GRAY. Does the Senator mean Legislatures? ing on the amendment of Mr. VILAS, to strike out lines 2, 3, and Mr. GEORGE. Legislatures, organized bodies, bodies com­ 4 in the fourth section of the amendment proposed by Mr. missione~ by _the people of their resp~cti~e States in an orderly GEORGE, in the words: and const1tut10nal way to express the1r v1ews upon the subject. "Options" and "futures," as hereinbefore defined, are hereby declared to In that list I find the Legislatures of the States of Iowa, of Min­ be obstructions to and restraints upon commerce among the States and with nesota, of Wisconsin-if I have not been misinformed. I ask the foreign nations, ana t-o be illegal and void; and. Senator from Wisconsin if I have? So as to read: Mr. VILAS. I am unable to inform the Senator from Missis­ SEC. 4. That if any person shall be a party, either as buyer or seller, to any sippi, for I have no other information than what he himself has. contract or agreement hereinbefore defined as" options" or "futures," he Mr. GEORGE. I get my information from the Senator from shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, etc. Minnesota. In this list I also find the Legislatures of Ohio; of Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I rise with some embarrass­ Georgia, of A1·kansas, and of South Carolina. ment on Saturday evening, at a time when we generally adjourn Mr. WHITE. The Senator from Arkansas told me this morn­ and permit Senators to suspend the consideration of public busi­ ing that whilst one house of the Legislature of Arkansas had ness, for the purpose of further calling the attention of the Senate passed such a resolution, the other had rejected it. to the pending matter, about which I have already spoken more Mr. GEORGE. Very well; then one house in Arkansas is sep­ than I desired. If I were to consult my own judgment or my arated from the other on this question. I understand that some­ own feelings as to the necessity of again addressing the Senate, other States perhaps have acted. Leaving out Arkansas, we I should not again trespass upon their attention in submitting have six great States of the American Republic who in the last any remarks upon this bill or any of the amendments offered to few days, after the learned, the able, and the exhaustive debate it. I feel, and that feeling is based upon declarations made to me which has taken place on this measure has gone out to the coun­ by Senators themselves, that the Senate is wearied with the dis­ try and been considered by it have petitioned and memorialized cussion of this question. us to pass a measure like that now before the American Senate, I feel somewhat that I am spsaking to Senators who have and one State divided. I understand there are some other States made up their minds as to the various questions involved in this . which haveacted, thenamesofwhich Idonotrecollect. In view bill, and who do not desire to hear any~hing more upon the sub­ of the well-known and well-ascertained sentiments of the agri­ ject. On the other hand, I a~ urged by some Sen~ tors ~ho pos­ cultural class of this country we ou~ht at least to inquire care­ ::iJbly have not been able to g1ve the debates on th1s subJect the fully before we defeat this legislation. attention which the remainder of us have to make some remarks The amendment offerEJt by me in behalf of the minority of the additional to those I have made in support of the amendment Judiciary Committee is now the particular rna tter to be discussed. which was proposed by me on behalf of the minority of the Ju­ It is assailed upon the ground that it is a gross usurpation of diciary Committee, composed of the Senator from Alabama[Mr. power on the part of the Federal Government, that it is an in­ PUGHj, the Senator from Texas [Mr. COKE], and myself. vasion by us of the reserved rights of the States. It becomes I feel, as has been expressed by Senators upon the other side my duty to show, as far as I may show, that that assumption is of this question, that no more important subject for debate, for not well founded. It is possible, even at thi'3 late day, that the consideration, and for action, has come before the American great question of fact which lies at the foundation of this legis­ ConO'ress for the last quarter of a century. When I look at all lation and which, according to the amendment, undertaken to the history of this bill, all the circumstances connected with it. be decided by the American Senate, should be alluded to in brief all the proof which has been introduced before the committee terms. I have discussed that fact on two occasions before. of the Senate and the committee of the other House, that there I confined my remarks to cotton, because I knew that Senators is a practice, a dealing, what was called by the Senator from representing the wheat-growing States were entirely competent Missouri [Mr. VEST], and very propsrly called, a mechanism to rapresent their interests. The evidence which I have ad­ which has so interwoven itself with the legitim ate business of this duc=d and pressed upon the attention of the Senate and dis­ country in cotton and in other agricultural products, I feel there cussed fully on former occasions~ settles the great fact, which is no effort I might properly make, which I ought not to make this amendment asserts is true, and that is, that such dealings in order to afford the relief which the great mass of the farmers as now carried on constitute an obstruction to interstate and of this country expect the American Congress to give them. foreign commerce. Who will deny it? The Senator from Wis­ Something has b3en said in this debate about Congress being consin [Mr. VILAS], who has upon two occasions made carefully in.ftuenced by popular clamor, about our being driven from our prepared written arguments in opposition to this bill, did not I proprieties by the excited and mistaken feeling of the farmers ineitherof themdenythegreatfa.ctwhichconstitutes the founda­ of this country to undertake to do that which will not only not tion of the amendment, that these dealings did affect interstate benefit, them, but will injure them if we succeed in our efforts in and foreign commerce. !twas true, he said, that such dealings destroying dealings in futures. I am not quite sure, Mr. Presi­ affected them remotely and indirectly, but the great fact is ad­ dent, whether it is a proper designation of a call almost unani­ mitted that these dealings do comtitute an interference with and mous on the part of the agriculturists of this country to de­ an obstruction to interstat3 and foreign commerce. nominate it" popular clamor." Mr. GRAY. Will the Senator allow me a moment? I am quite sure that that is not the proper term to bestowupon The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JONES of Arkansas in the it. I have felt all along that expressions ·of that kind were cal­ chair). Does the Senator from Mississippi yield to the Senator culated to disparage and bringintodisreputeourrepresentative from Delaware? system. Within the limits of the Constitution there is no motive Mr. GEORGE. Yes, sir. known to me which ought to be weighed more carefully than an Mr. GRAY. I have not perhaps been as attentive to the pre­ expression of the popular feeling upon any given measure before vious stages of this debate as I shoulC. have bean, but I have raad . the American Congress. I have been ta.ugh t to believe, not only carefully both the speeches of the Senator from Mississippi, the by the precepts of the fathers, but by my own observation, that one he made last summer and, the one delivered at this session, when there is a great popular demand for any particular measure, and I have listened to the r amarks of the Senator from Minne­ when there is a great and almost universal popular complaint of sota [Mr. WASHBURN] on the point which the Senator from Mis­ an existinO" evil, the American Congress before they shall dis­ sissippi is now discussing-that dealings in futures are, as he regard such a complaint ought to weigh carafally t~e c~rcum­ says, obstructions to interstate commerce,· and as to which he stances and the evidence, to see whether that complamt lS well says there has been a great deal of evidence a:lduced. founded or not. I now aHk, if it is not asking too much of the Senator, to point I am one of those who believe that the common sense, the com- out what evidence b3fore the committee or before the Senate 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 73-7

goes to show, not that these dealings affect interstate commerce, Mr. GEORGE. I yield to anybody. as he said just now, but that these dealings are really obstruc­ Mr. VEST. I beg pardon. I merely wanted to ask the Sena­ tions to interstate commerce? For one, I have not yet been tor from Minnesota. this question: Suppose he goes a little fur­ brought to a knowledge of anything in the evidence which would ther, to another subject, and finds that through a. board of trade cause me to admit that fact. or something else the price is increased, as in the case of pork, Mr. GEORGE. Has the Senator read the evidence? which has gone up to $19 a. barrel? Mr. GRAY. I have read the evidence as quoted by the Sena­ Mr. W A8HBURN. That would. depend on whether it has tor from Mississippi. any relation to the question of interference with commerce. Mr. GEORGE. Then, I have no more to add. lf the evidenc~ Mr. VEST. I understood the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. which 1 have already produced to the Senate, taken from there­ GEORGE] to contend that the operatiQns in the boards or trade port of the committee, does not establish that dealings in fu­ put down the price. tures are an interference with and an obtruction to interstate Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I must object to being taken commerce, then I am unable to make out that proposition. off the floor. Mr. GRAY. Of course I do not want to dictate the line of Mr. GRAY. Then the Senator does not wish me to answer. argument which the Senator shall pursue, but, if it does not dis­ Mr. GEORGE. I must object to turning this into a. general turb him, I should like to say a word. debate; but I am very willing to hear the Senator from Dela­ Mr. GEORGE. I shall be glad to hear the Senator. ware. Mr. GRAY. In this very important matter, as 1 said, I have Mr. GRAY. I do not wish the Senator to do so unless he is not been brought to admit by anything I have yet seen that these willing. dealings are obstructions, nor do I know that anybody opposed Mr. GEORGE. I am willing the Senator should ask his ques­ to this bill admits that they are obstructions. However that tion, but I ·do not want this to be turn~d into a general debate . may be, of course I can not state, but what I want to know is, if by which I shall be taken off the floor. The Senator may an­ there is any body of evidence which goes directly to the point­ swer the question. I do not mean merely evidence of certain dealings and specul~­ Mr. GRAY. I ask the Senator, assuming that the prices of tions in futures, as in the case of a large amount of cotton and grain are increased or artificiaily made, as he says, by a board other products bought and not intended to be delivered, for we of trade in Chicago, whether he thinks that presents an obstruc­ have evidence enough of that, I admit-is there any evidence tion to interstate commerce? which goes to show that these dealings, such as they are and Mr. WASHBURN. I said an interferenc~ with commerce, have been described, actually obstruct commerce between the which brings it then under the clause of the Constitution as to States? the regulation of commerce. Mr. GEORGE. Before I answer that I should like to ask the Mr. GRAY. But the commerce provision in the Constitution Senator a question. Would he regard the practice, which is refers to interstate and foreign commerce, and not to commerce made out by the evidence showing that these dealings do habit­ generally~ and all that we are concerned with here necessarily ually interfere with and reduce the price of the 2"reat staple, is with interstate commerce. I balieve the Senator from Mis­ cotton, as an interference with interstate commerce? sissippi will not contend that commerce generally is within the Mr. GRAY. No, sir. purview of the grant of power in the commerce clause. It is in­ Mr. GEORGE. Very well. Then I can not argue with the terstate commerce, foreign commerce, and commerce with the Senator. Indian tribes with which we have to deal. . . Mr. GRAY. Then the contention of the Senator is that the · Now, I say the fact assumed by the Senator froiL Minnesota reduction of tb,e price, which he alleges is a consequence of these [Mr. WASHBURN] that dealings on the boards of trade affect dealings, is of itself an obstruction? prices artificially does not, in my opinion, affect the commerce Mr. GEORGE. I assert that this artificial interference with of the country between the States in the sense in which that and reduction of the price of cotton ~ld in interstate and foreign phrase is used in the Constitution. The price of an article, commerce by these dealings is tha1' kind of interference with whether it be high or low, does not affect the freedom or the and obstruction of interstate commerce which not only author­ want of freedom of its movement or the freedom of contracting izes but requires us to enact legislation to suppress it. for the movement of that article. In fact, a low price, which the Mr. GRAY. Then, Mr. President, it is the judgment of the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. GEORGE] contends is made by Se'llator from Mississippi that these things do present obstruc­ these boards of trade, may increase the volume of interstate tions to interstate commerce, though he has not adduced any commerce very much, for a very low price would naturally in­ evidence of the fact that they do. duce a larger number of people to deal in the article in question. Mr. WASHBURN. Will the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I wish that clearly under­ GEORGE] yield to me a moment to ask the Senator from Dela­ stood. Of course there is a fundamental difference between the ware a question? Senator from Delaware and myself if he contends, as I under­ Mr. GEORGE. Certainly. stand him to contend, that no artificial arrangement by boards Mr. WASHBURN. I ask the Senator from Delaware what is of trade or otherwise which habitually reduces the prices of the his definition of commerce? agricultural products of this country which go into interstate Mr. GRAY. I think I can define it. a.nd foreign commerce is an obstruction or an interference Mr. WASHBURN. I should like the Senator to do so. which we are authorized to remove; if he asserts that proposi­ Mr. GRAY. If the Senator wants me to answer now, I will do tion then we are at the antipodes to each other on that question. the best I can. . Mr. GRAY. Will the Senator indulge me for one moment? Mr. WASHBURN. I should like to have the answer of the Mr. GEORGE. Of course, for I want this matter understood. Senator. Mr. GRAY. I said that that was my judgment; but the prop- Mr. GRAY. "Commerce," as I understand it, so far as it has osition with which we are concerned here, or with which I feel been defined by the decisions of the Supreme Court, outside of myself concerned as a. Senator, sworn to observe the Constitu­ which I shall not myself venture to travel, is a word which in­ tion in the exercise of my legislative functions, is whether the dicates in the first place the movement of commodities between contra-cts which are admitted to be within the power of the States parties who are dearing in them, and it includes, as Chief Jus­ to legalize and control as belonging to the internal commerce of tice Marshall has ss.id, several elements, one of which, notably, the States can be declared under the commerce clause of the Con­ as decided in the celebrated case of Gibbons vs. Ogden, is navi­ stitution by Congress obstructions to commerce. So far as I can gation, and as far as interstate commerce goes traffic in regard see that is all we have to deal with now. to and the movement of commodities from one State into an­ Mr. GEORGE. That is further on. The first proposition toset­ other; and the contracts out of which that traffic grows are a part tle is, whether the acts of men interposed between the producer of or an element of interstate commerce. Further than that, I and the consumer which do reduce the price to the American pro­ do not know that I can define ''commerce" more than the courts d ucer of his products are an interference with or a.n obstruction to have sought to define it. interstate commerce? If the Senator disputes that, then I should Mr. WASHBURN. I find the common acceptation and defi­ like to ask him or anybody who does dispute it, for what purpose nition of the term in Webster's Dictionary among others is "to is the power granted to Congress to regulate interstate and for­ carry on trade ; to traffic." eign commerce if it be not for the purpose of facilitating com-· The Chicago Board of Trade every day artificially makes merce, so that without artificial obstructions or natural obstruc­ prices, whereby the price of wheat in Minnesota, Iowa, and the tions, or any other obstructions, the American producer may get Dakotas is affected. I a-sk whether that does not interfere with the most that the article which he produces can bring in the the trade or traffic in wheat? market? Mr. VEST. Will the Senator permit me? Mr. GRAY. Does the Senator want an' answer? Mr. GRAY. Does the Senator wish me to answer? Mr. GEORGE. Yes, I do. If that be denied, if it be denied ' I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Missis­ that the power of Congress does not extend to increasing the sippi yield; and, if so, to which of the Senators does he yield? profits of the American producer, then I sliould like to know the

~-47

,' - . - . -: '

738 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21,

benefit to come to the American people from an ex~rcise of the States or elsewhere, it is because somebody is finding .a profit in power to regulate commerce. it, those who export-- Mr. GRAY. Mr. President, the Senator has suggested and Mr. GEORGE. I ask the Senator to .stop right there. brought into consideration in the last sentence a matter which Mr. GRAY~ No, I will not stop right there. did not belong, as I conceive, to his question as he -originally It is because somebody is finding a profit in it, those who ex­ stated it. He asks now whether the right of Congress to inter· port a-s well as those who import; and unless thera was a reason­ fere in order to make the production of the articles that may able expectation of profit on both sides it would not exist at all. enter into interstate commerce more profitable is nQt within It is because of that universal instinct of mankind to trade, and the purview of the commerce clause of the Constitution. I say that that trading has shown itself to be a blessing to the people / decidedly no, so far as my judgment is concerned; but I repeat who engage in it, that the Constitution of the United States, as again that I am not concerned with that question now. It may written by its wise framers, enabled the General Government to I . be that in my judgment the contracts made on boards of trade, soregulate commercethattheymightprevent restrictions in the by which the Senator says prices are artificially fixed, do not exchange and movement of commodities from one place to an­ injuriously affect the volume or the profitableness of interstate other . commerce. .Mr. GEORGE. That, as I understand it, is so that the pro­ That may be my judgment, but nevertheless those contracts, duction of the American worker, which furnishes the subject of if they pertain to interstate commerce, I might be prepared commerce, may be the more profitable. Is that so?

to admitare within the purview of Congress under the commerce Mr. GRAY. Why, Mr. President1 I take it that all the in· clause to regulate. The proposition, however, that I am really direct and diffuse benefits which flow from commerce and spread anxious about and want to hear discussed is whether those con­ among the people were in the mind of those who framed the tracts which do not refer to interstate commerce, which may be Constitution, but that they -expected that the benefits which carried on within the State, which belong to that mass of legis­ would naturally fall from controlling the thing itself in the in· lation which Chief Justice Marshall said undoubtedly belonged tere.st of freedom was enough for them, without going out into to the States exclusively, can be regulated under the po...,er the thousand ramifications of commerce itself and the benefits granted to Congress to regulate interstate and foreign commerce? which it bestows upon the people and attempting to interfere Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I am afraid the ingenuity of with or by law to control those indirect andrem.ote consequerwes my friend from Delaware is too much for me on this occasion. of commerce. He started out in this matter with the fundamental inquiry Mr. GEORGE. The ''indirect and remote consequences of whether arrangements made by men acting as individuals, or as commerce" are the profits of commerce; they are the main ob­ corporations, or as boards of trade, which do habitually and uni­ jects for which commercewasintroduced; they are the main ob­ formly reduce the profits of the American producer in relation jects for which production is made. Now, what does the Sena· to articles which are to go and must go into interstate and for· tor gain when he says we want free commerce, if he can not show eign commerce, are such an interference by artificial means as that restricted and obstructed commerce is more profitable to authorizes the Congress to legislate for the purpose oi removing this country t]lan free commerce? What is the object of this th~se obstructions, so that the American producer may get the grantof power by the Constitution to Congress, to make com­ natural normal price for his products occasioned by the rule of merce less profitable or more profitable? Was it the object of demand and supply? If that be denied, then I should like to this gr~nt to Congress w make the productions of the Ameri· know from the Senator from Delaware, or from any other Sena­ can people which enter into and become the subjects of interstate tor, for what beneficial purpose was the power to regulate ~om- · and foreign commerce, more profitable or less profitable? merce with foreign nations and among the States granted to the Mr. GRAY. That is a matter of judgment, as I said awhile .American Congress ? ago, and my judgment is that the dealings which the Senator Mr. GRAY. I can suggest one. denounces do not affect the price of the articles at all or the Mr. GEORGE. Very well. profitableness of the commerce, Suppose the Senator is right Mr. GRAY. While I consider the question the Senator is dis­ and that they do; then I might say that so far as the objects and cussing a very interesting one, and did in fact ask him what evi­ transactions of interstate or foreign commerce are concerned, we dence there was that these contracts or dealings did affect the have the right to deal with them; but the proposition then which volume or the profitableness of interstate commerce, yet except we come back to, and with which I consider myself concerned so far as they concern interstate commerce directly or foreign here, is whether we have a right to d.eal with other transactions commerce, I said that I conceived that they did not pertain to which do not refer to interstate or foreign commerce. the grant of power made by the States to the Congress of the The other question which the Senator is arguing is an inter­ United StateB. esting one, as I said awhile ago, but it does not pertain to the But I can answer in part the question last asked ·by the Sena­ constitutional question which has been my sole thought and my tor from Mississippi by suggesting that the power to regulate sole trouble in this case. Itmay oritmaynotbe thataprotective interstate commerce may be of great value to the people of the tariff increases the profits of commerce between this country country in that it gives Congress the right to secure, for in­ and countries abroad; it may be that the prohibitions in a pro­ stance, the freedom of exch.ange and barter in the commodities tective tariff affect disastrously the commerce of thi.s country; of the several States or farm products which go to make up the it is my opinion that in many cases they do; but there is no doubt matters and things which are useful for the everyday living of the in my mind .of the jurisdiction of Congres.s in regard to that people; and ~he .c~mmerce itseli, inasmuch as it ~uts within ~he matter. I say that is an interesting question concerning the ·grasp of the md1v1dual a greate1'range of profit, lS a useful thing economics of the country, concerning the great questions of tothecivilizationofthe country,anditseffectis useful to the indi­ trade and general commerce, but it does not concern the ques· vidual, it increases his power, increases the practicability of his tion of power with which I conceive we are alone dealin~ now, carrying on the processes of production in the very fact that the and on which I should like to hear the Senator from Mississippi exchange is more or less increased. I believe that according to discourse. the Constitution under which we are now living the States Mr. GEORGE. I do not know that I understand the precise should not ba permitted to restrict that sort of commerce. position taken by the Senator from Delaware. A little while ago Mr. GEORGE. The Senator agrees with me that the object I understood him to say be wanted free commerce-- of the grant of power to Congress to regulate commerce among Mr. GRAY. And I say so now. the States and with foreign nations was to give us a free com­ Mr. GEORGE. That freedom of commerce was the object of merce, a free interchange of commodities. Now, I might go a the Constitution in making this grant to Congress; then I put to

step further, and ask him this-and this is the very gist of the him the question1 what good does free commerce do us, except case-what benefit is it to have commerce free when the profits on the idea that it is more profitable? of the laborers who produce the articles of commerce are so di­ Mr. GRAY. More profitable to whom? minished by artificial arrangements that that production be­ Mr. GEORGE. Profitable to all concerned; nottothedealers comes unprofitable? That is the question-what do we want alone, not to the producers alone, but to the whole people. with free commerce? Is it merely to say that it is free? Is it Mr. GRAY. Awhile ago the Senator said the producers alone. merely to have a pretty word oi the English language introduced Mr. GEORGE. Profitable to the whole of them. That is the by saying that we claim free commerce, or is it that commerce issue which I made with the Senator in the very beginning. I may be so conducted unrestricted, uninterfered with, and unin­ asked him to either affirm or deny what I will show and have fluenced by artificial arrangements that all parties to that com­ heretofore shown, that an artificial, unnecessary combination1 merce mav get the best results from it to themselves? by which trade in cotton is controlled in this country-the Sen­ Mr. GRAY. I take it, if the Senator will permit me, that ator does not admit that, but Iwillshowthat itissocontrolled­ those who framed that clause took it for granted that what has so as to depress the price of cotton was a thing which was the been proved by the experience of mankind had not ceased to be subject of interstate commerce and within the control of Con­ true, that commerce would exist so long as there was a profit in gress under the power to regulate inter.Btate .and foreign com· it, and no longer; and if commerce exists at all between the merce. I asked him whether :Lhat power was granted Ior the ,. ..

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . 739 purpose of making commerce and production more advantageous The PRESIDISG OFFICER. Forty-seven Senators have re­ to the people of this country or less advantageous? sponded to their names. A quorum is present, and the Senator Was it a beneficial grant oi power for the good of the Ameri­ from Mississippi will proceed. can people, or was it a mere grant to have something done, which Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I believe1 taking all things according to the theories of certain gentlemen about political into consideration, as it is Saturday evening, and so on, if it is economy, was a nice thing to have done? If Congress can not agreeable to the Senate to adjourn, I would rather proceed on interfere for the purpose of making, in the regulation of com­ Monday morning. If not, I will go on now. merco, the products of the American farmer, three-fourths of Mr. STEWART. Of course we ought to adjourn. which go into interstate and f-oreign commerce, more profitable The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Mississippi to him, I should like to know what interest the American pro· moves that the Senate adjourn. · ducer, who constitutes more than one-half of the American peo­ The motion was agreed to; and (at 3 o'clock and 38 minutes p. ple, has in the exercise of that power by the American Congress? m.) the Senate adjourned until Monday, January 23, 1893, at 12 Mr. GRAY. Will the Senator answer me a question? o'clock m. Mr. GEORGE. I will answer any question I can, and when I can not answer it I will say that I can not. NOMINATIONS. Mr. GRAY. It would be a very hard question that the Sena- tor could not answer. . Executive wminations 'received by the Senate Janua1·y 21, 1893. The Senator says that in his opinion Congress has jurisdiction PENSION AGENT. to make by legislation the products which are described in ·the Sidney L. Will-son, of Washington, D. C., to be pension agent pending bill mo.re profitable to the producer. at Washington, D. of C., whose term of office will expire Janu­ Mr. GEORGE. No, I did not say that. ary 21, 189~. Mr. GRAY. That is my understanding of what the Senator PAYMASTER IN THE ARMY. said. Elijah W. Halford, of Indiana, to be paymaster with the rank Mr. GEORGE. I said that if there existed anything, whether o! major, January 10, 1893, vice Canby, nominated for promo­ in the ·shape of a physical obstruction to interstate and foreign twn. commerce, or whether in the shape of combinations of men which PROMOTION IN THE ARMY. interposed between the producer and the consumer, by which, as the direct result of that action, the profits of the American Corp. Orrin R. Wolfe, Company H, Fourteenth Iniantry to producer were reduced, that was a matter which was the subject be second lieutenant, to rank from November 19, 1892. ' of interstate and foreign commerce. PROMOTION IN THE NAVY. Mr. GRAY. Very well. The question which I wished to ask P~ed Assistant Engineer Julien S. Ogden, to be a chief en­ was, if the Senator should find, as a matter of fact, that such gineer in the Navy from January 17, 1893, vice Chief Engineer dealings as have been described or other things should serve to Charles A. Baker, retired. enhance the price of commodities raised by the farmer so as to enhance the oost of living to the great laboring masses of the POSTMASTERS. country, who are noteng.agedin their production, does he think William Stanley, to be postmaster at Plainfield, in the co~ty that Congress ought to interfere in the interest ol those great oi' Hendricks and State of Indiana, the appointment of a post­ masses, fully one-half of the people of the country, in order that master for the sald office having, by law, become vested in the the price might be lowered~ President on and after January 1, 1893. -. I wish to ask the Senator a furth~r question, if he will permit Joseph M. Tomlinson, to be postmaster .at Alexandria in the me to ask him two questions at once which relate to the same county of Madison and Stat-e of Indiana, the appointm~nt of a subject. Does he think that because a big cotton crop depresses postmaster for the said offi,~ having, by law, become vested in prices Congress has the right to pass alaw t~estrictingits culture the President on and after January I, I893. in order to decrease the crop and thus raise the price? Mrs. Ida A. Blanchard, to be postmaster at Millville, in the Mr. GEORGE. The Senator has no right to ask such a ques­ county of Worcester and St-ate of Mas.:; achusetts, the appoint­ tion as that. Of course I do not b3lieve in any such folly. ment of a postmaster for the said office having, by law become But, Mr. President, the Senator seems to think that the inter­ vested in the President on and after April I, H$92. ' est of consumers is to be considered by Congress when the ques­ Michael Huh·.as, to be postmaster at Springfield, in the county tion is whether we will remove an obstruction to commerce of Brown and Stat3 of Minnesota, the appointment of a post­ which depresses the price of agricultural products. L 3t us see master for the sn.id office having, by law, become vested in the whether the Senator is right about that or not. For what pur­ President on and after January I, I 893. pose do we remove physical obstructions to navigation? Grovenor D. MeCubrey, to be postmaster at Barnesville in If the Senator's argument is correct, it might be said that the county of Clay and State of Minnesota, the appointment ~fa when, for instance, the falls at the city of Louisville or the falls postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in in the Tennessee River, in the State of Alabama, called the the President on and after January I, I893. Muscle Shoals, form an obstruction which it is proposed to re­ Peter A. P eterson, to ba postmaster at Cannon Falls in the move, we ought not to do it, because the wheat and coal and county of Goodhue and Stateof.Minnesota, theappointm~nt of a iron which are produced on the upper parts of the Ohio and the postma-ster for the said office having, by law, become vested in Tennessee Rivers will have an outlet and go into general com­ the President on and after January I, 1893. merce, and by adding more competition and more buyers the Seth W. Collins, to be postmaster at McComb, in the county price of the products in the community where they a re produced of Pike and ~ta.te of Mis~issippi, the appointment of a postmas­ is r aised, and if we remove the obstructions we increase the cost ter for the said office having, by law, become vested in the Presi­ of those articles in the community in which they ara produced dent on and after January 1, 181)3. above what it was before. That seems to be the Senator's argu­ VerdI. Banta, to be postmaster at Westport, in the county of ment. Now, my idea about that is, that the object of the power Jackson and State of Missouri, the appointment of a postmaster to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the States for the said office having, by law, become vested in the Presi­ is neither to depress nor to lower the natural, normal price of dent on and after January 1, 1893. our products. Roger Edwards, to be postmaster at Anaconda, in the countv Mr. PUGH. Mr. President, it is manifest that thera is not a .of Deer Lodge and State of Montana, in the place of Joseph d. quorum of the Senate present. There are very few here to listen Keppler, resigned. to the able and instructive speech of the Senator from Missis­ Jacob M. Harman, to be postmaster at Shelton, in the countv sippi. I move a call of the Senate. of Buffalo and s.tate of Neb~aska., the appointment of a post­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Alabama master for the said office havrng, by law, become -vest-ed in the suggests the absence of a quor um, and the roll will be called. President on and after January I, 1893. '.rhe Secretary called the roll, and the followino- Senators an- Mrs. Bertha Kleven, to be postmaster at Culbartson, in the swered to their names: - "' county of Hitchcock and State of Nebraska, the ·appointment of a postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in .- Allison, Dixon, Il."by, Sawyer, the President on and after January 1, I893. Bate, Dubois, Jones, Ark., Shoup, Berry, Frye, Kyle, Squire, John L Del·by, to be postmaster at Cranford, in the county of Blackburn, Gallinger, ·Manderson, Stewart, Union and State of New Jer-aey, the appointment of a post­ Butler , George, Mills, Stockbridge, master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the CaJ'I'ery, Gibson. Mitchell, Turpie, Call, Gordon, Palmer, Voorhees, Presid :!_nt on and ~fter January I, 1893. , Carey, Gray, Petrer, Walthall, Marvm R. Denmston, to be postmaster at Washingtonville, in Chandler, Hale, Pettigrew, Washburn, the county of Orange and State of New York, the appointment Cockrell, Hansbrough, Platt, White, Coke, Hawley, Pugh, Wilson, of a postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested Cullom, Higgins, Quay, in the President on and after January 1, 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 740 . JANUARY 21, Burt Graves, to be postmaster at Middleport, in the county of The report (by Mr. McRAE) was read, as follows: Niagara and State of New York, the appointment of a post­ The Committee on the Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the 10249) to amend an act entitled "An act to forfeit certain land.s heretofore granted for the purpose of aiding in the construction of railroads, a nd for President on and after January 1, 1893. . other purposes," approved September 29, 1890, beg leave to report: Vvilliam V. Molloy, to be postmaster at New Rochelle, in the It is shown by memorial resolutions unanimously passed by the .Legisla­ county of Westchester and State of New York, in the place of t~re of Oregon, that great distress prevails among the people who are en· t1tled, until February 3 next, to purchase lands under the forfeiture act ap­ Charles L. Perry, removed. proved September 29, 1890, and it is alleged that by reason of successive Hawley E. Webster, t::> be postmaster at Brockport, in the failures of crops during the past three years th ese people are unable t o make cmmty of Monroe and State of New York, in the place of Henry payment of the purchase price of the lands to which they are entitle:! until they have the advantage of the present year's crops. Some or these lands C. Hammond, removed. are improved and under cultivation·, and your committee believe it is just Leroy L. Beinkley, to be postmaster at Edenton, in the county that an extension or time should be had for the balance of this year in order of Chowan, and State of North Car olina, in the place of Leroy L. that the settlers may have additional time for payment, and therefore re­ Brinckley, whose commission expires February 28, 1893. port the bill back with the recommendation that it pass. Jacob Alvord, to b0 postmaster at Lykens, in the county of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ Dauphin, and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of a post­ tleman from Oregon? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the The bill was ordered to a third reading; and it was accord­ President on and after January 1, 1893. ingly read the third time, and passed. CONSULS. On motion of Mr. HERMANN, a motion to reconsider the vote John J. Piatt, of Ohio, at present consul at Cork, to be consul by which the bill was passed was laid on the table. of t~e United States at Dublin, vice Alexander J. Reid, re­ FORT CUMMINGS MILITARY RESERVATION. signed. Mr. JOSEPH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the Adolph G. Studer, of Iowa, now consul of the United States at present consideration of the bill (S. 1710) to authorize the Secre­ Barmen, to be consul at Singapore, vice Rounsevelle Wildman, tary of the Interior to reserve from sale certain land in the nominated to be consul at Barmen. abandoned Fort Cummings military reservation; and for other Rouns3velle Wildrna~, of Idaho, now consul of the United purposes. ,. States at Singapore, to be consul at Barmen, vice Adolph G The bill was read, as follows: Studer, of Iowa, nominated to be consul at Singapore. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, directed to withdraw from sale so much of the land or the abandoned Fort CUmmings military reservation, in the Territory of New Mexico, as may be CONFIRMATIONS. necessary to secure perpetually for public use the spring upon said reserva­ tion; the land to be reserved as aforesaid to embraGe not only that upon Exet:,utit•e nominations confirmed by the Senate Janual1J St, 1899. which the spring is situated, but such other portions for right of way as CONSULS. may be necessary to secure to the public the right to have all the advantages of the spring aforesaid. Nicholas Smith, of New York, now consul of the United States SEC. 2. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized at Three Rivers, to be consul at Liege. to grant to the Rio Grande, Mexico and Pacific Railroad Company a license to so much of the water of said spring as may be necessary for the opera­ Henry M. Moora, of Spokane, Wash., to be consul of the United tion of the road of said company, and to grant to said company a right of States at Three Rivers, Canada. . way tor a pipe from said spring to the road of said company by the most di­ rect line; to be located under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior: PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. P1·ovid~d, That said right of way shall not exceed 40 feet in width, and when SubsisteJLce Depa1·trnent. the same is located the land covered by the right of way shall be withdrawn from entry, and after due appraisal shall be paid tor by said company and First Lieut. Guy Howard, Twelfth Infantry, to ba commissary be dedicated to the right of way aforesaid. of subsistence with the rank of captain. S:sc. 3. That the license aforesaid shall continue as long as the existence • thereof may be deemed not injurious to the public interest by the ::5ecretary Ordnance Department. of the Interior, who shall at all times h:~.ve the right to regulate the quantity of water to be used by said company, so as not to deprive the public of the Second Lieut. George W. Burr, First Artillery, to be first benefits of the dedication to public use hereinabove made. Upon the cessa· lieutenant, January 10, 1893. tion of the license the right of way for the pipe line aforesaid shall revert to the United States, upon refunding by the United States the sum of the ap­ POSTMASTER. praised price thereof which may have been paid to the United States by said company under the previous provisions of this act, and Congress reserves Roger Edwards, to be postmaster at Anaconda, Mont. the right at any time to alter, amend, or repeal this act. Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like to hear the repo1·~ read, or an explanation made of that bill. • HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The SPEAKER. Without objection the report can be read. The report (by Mr. AMERMAN) was r ead, as follows: SATURDAY, 21, 1893. January The Committee on the Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 1710) to reserve from sale certain land in the abandoned Fort Cummings mili ta.ry The House met at 12 o'clockm. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. reservation, report. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. Your committee report the bill favorably, adopting the report of the Sen­ The Journal of yesterday~s proceedings was read and approved. ate committee thereon, as follows: "The bill referred to your committee propo'3ed selling to the railroad the J. M. BELL, J. S. QOOK, DECEASED, AND WILLIAM YORK, DE­ spring on the Fort Cummings military reservation. While the proof be­ fore your committee indicated the advisability of allowing the r ailroad CEASED. to use the spring, your committee thought it best not to deprive the public of The SPEAKER laid b3fore the House copies of findings of the the use of the water by m aking a sale thereof to the railroad. Your committee has consequently amended the bill by allowing the Secretary of the Interior Court of Claims in th9 cJses of J. M. B ell, J. S. Cook, deceased, to grant a license to t he railroad to use t he water, at the same time pre­ and William York, decea3ed, against the United States; which serving the use of the spring for public purposes. The bill as amewleJ. seems were referred to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered to to your committee to fully prot.ect the interests of the publl~ and at t he same time give the railroad a license to use such water as mar ·oe necessary for . be printed. its purposes. the whole under the control or the proper r . partm:mt of the FORFEITURE OF LAND GRANTED IN AID OF CONSTRUC'l'ION Government." The company has used a portion of the water of the spring under milit.ary OF RAILROADS. license, has improved the same by putting innecessarypumping apparatus, The SPEAKER also laid before the House the bill (S. 3581) to and the military forces used the water thus developed until the military oc­ cupation was abandoned. The company has since used the water in supplY· amend an act en titled "An act to forfeit certain lands heretofore ing its trains, and acs the road is a part of a transcontinental system (c.lle granted for the purpose of aiding in the construction of rail­ Atchison , Topeka aud Santa Fe), continuance of such use, under the control roads, and for other purpo3es." of the Secretary of the Interior, and shared with the public, seems to your committee to be fully justilied by the necessities of the situation and sound Mr. HERMANN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for public policy. the present consideration of that bill. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill, after which Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask the g en tleman the Chair will ask if there be objection. from New Mexico how much land is reserved, or how much they The bill was read, as follows: int'3nd to reserve? Mt·. JOSEPH. It is only intended to reserve the land immf.'­ B e it enacted, etc. , That se::tion 3 of an act entitled " An act to forfeit cer­ tain lands heretofore granted for tb.e purpose of aiding in the construction diately around the spring. It is a small spring, which can never of r ailroads, and for other purpo ~es." be, a.n.l the same is, amended S? as 'to be utilized for agriculture. extend the time within which persons e ntitled topurchase landsforfeltedby Mr. BRETZ. Then it is not a mineral spring? I . said act upon the line or the Nort.hern Pacific Railroad Company between Wallula, Wash., and Portland, Oregon, shall.be ~rmitted to purchase the sam~ • Mr. JOSEPH. It is not a mineral spring. >in the quantities and upon tha term3 proVljed m said section to January 1, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ 1894. tleman from New Mexico? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ Mr. WATSON. I would like tJ ask the gentleman from New \ternan from Oregon? Mexico a question. It seems from the reading of the report that Mr. BREr7.. I would like to hear the report read. the railroad already uses that spring, under military license.

/ I / ·...

1893. CONGRESSION.A!L RECORD-HOUSE. 741

Mr: JOSEPH. They have been using it for several years. [House Report No. 3815, Fifty-first Congress, second session.] The Committee on War Claims. to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 10800) ' ' Mr. WATSON. Why is that not sufficient? for the relief of Catharine Caine, submit the following report: Mr. JOSEPH. They want to continue the use of the spring This bill is for the payment to the widow of the late Rev. Charles Caine a as they have heretofore. This is an abandoned military reser­ sum equal to the salary and allowances of chaplain in the volunteer service from December 10, 1861, to March, 1863. 'l'he records of the War Department vation that is to be sold by proclamation, and, therefore, they show that Rev .Charles Caine was commissioned as chaplain or the Sixty­ want to reserve this spring from sale. fourth illinois Volunteers (also designated. Yates's Sharpshooters) to rank Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, it seems tome that that bill ought from December 10, 1861, but that as the battalion only consisted of six com­ panies, and the War Department is only authorized to allow compensation to specify the amount of ground, at least, reserved from sale. to a chaplain for an entire regiment, he could not be mustered in. The rec­ Mr. OUTHWAITE. That is left to the discretion of the Sec­ ords show him present for duty from date of commission, December 10, 1861, l'etary of the Interior. to July 31, 1862, and from that date to February 28, 1863, report him" absent in Illinois to -make some arrangements to draw pay." The roll for March, Mr. JOSEPH. It is not more thi:m an acre in extent. 186::1. says: Mr. OUTHWAITE. And the Secretary of the Interior will "Chaplain Caine was not recognized, a battalion not being entitled to one; not reserve more than is necessary. dropped from rolls by order of Maj. Gen. Hurlbut." Mr. SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the Your committee recommend the passage of the bill. gentleman from New Mexico? Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, I wish to ask the gentleman from Mr. WATSON. I object. Illinois whether under existing law the Secretary of War can not allow this claim? OKLAHOMA MIDLAND RAILWAY COMPANY. Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. I will state to the gentleman Mr. PEEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the that in this case there was an organization of soldiers form 3d in present consideration of the bill (H. R. 10146) to authorize the the State of Illinois known as the Yates· Sb.arpshooters, and the Oklahoma Midland Railway Company to construct and operate a governor appointed this gentleman, Mr. Caine, chaplain and so railway, telegraph, and telephone lines through the Indian and commissioned him; I hold the commission in my hand. Suppos­ Oklahoma Territories, and for other purposes. ing that'be was properly appointed, he enterad upon his duties The· Clerk proceeded to read the bill. and served as stated in the report, but thera were only six com­ Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Speakei', I ask that the further read­ panies of the organization, and the military authorities ultimately ing of this bill be dispensed with. It is a very lengthy bill, and declined to muster him in, on the ground that there was not a. simply embodies all the regulations prescribed by the Depart- sufficient number of men in the organization to entitle it'"to a ment for these r~ght-of-way bills passed here. . chaplain. Mr. PEEL. I can state to the House that I haveexammed the Mr . BRETZ. How much money does this bill carry? bill and it does comply with all the requirements. Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. With the amendmentwhichi The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ propose to offer, it will carry, I think, in the neighborhood of -· tleman from New York, to dispense with the further reading of about $700 or $800. Thjs gentleman was twice as long in the the bill? service as the amendment provides for, but a portion of the time Mr. TRACEY. I will have to object, Mr. Speaker. he was absent trying to get his pay. During the time covered Mr. SIMPSON. I object. by my amendment, howeverl he wasactuaUywith thecommand; The Clerk resumed and concluded the reading of the bill. that is, from December, 1861, until July, 1862. The bill as it The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen- stands would give him pay until1863. tleman from Arkansas for the present consideration of this bill? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to t.he present consider­ Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask that that bill lie over until ation of this bill? the next legislative day; that it may be printed in the RECORD, Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, I and that we may have a chance to examine it. It is a very long desire to ask the gentleman whether this is a bill that could come bill, and I for one, w:mld like to have a chance to look it over. up at the Friday evening sessions? Mr. PEEL. I ha-.e no particular objection to that; but I can Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. It is not. · state that it is exactly like all other right-of-way bills that have Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like to hear the amend­ been passed within the last four or five years. ment which the gentleman proposes. · Mr. REILLY. Mr. Speaker, I understand that the bill is The amendment was read, as follows: printed and is in the document room, accessible to members; and Amend by striking out in the ninth line the words, "March, 1863," and in· I object to the request of the gentleman from Kansas. sert in lieu thereof the following, "July 31, 1862." Mr. PEEL. I would state to the gentleman from Kansas that Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. It will be seen that that it is precisely and perfectly in the form of all other right-of-way amendment shortens the time for which he will receive pay by bills that we have b3en passing hm·e for the last five or six years, the difference between July 31, 1862, and March, 1863. and contains all the restrictions and limitations that have been Thera was no objection to the consideration of the bill. put upon all the bills granting rights of way to railroads that The amendment was adopted. The bill as amended was or­ have been built through the Indian Territory. dered to be engrossed and read a third time; and, being en­ Mr. SIMPSON. I ask that the bill be laid over until the next grossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and passed. - On motion of Mr. HENDERSON of illinois, a motion recon­ legislative day. to The SPEAKER. The bill is not before the House. The ques­ sider the vote by which the bill waspassed was laidon the table. I tion is whether the House will agree that the bill may be printed INDEX TO BANKRUPTCY BILL. in the RECORD, and objection has been made. Mr. OATES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to have Mr. SIMPSON. Then I will have to object to consideration. printed in the RECORD an analysis, or rather a copious index, of The SPEAKER. Objection is made. the bankruptcy bill. That bill is to be considered by the order CATHERINE' CAINE. of the House on Tuesday or Wednesday next, and if this index is printed in the RECORD it will be a great aid to gentlemen who Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous desire to understand the bill and to refer readily to its several consent for the present consideration of the bill which I send to provisions, and, of course, will be of equal benefit to gentlemen the desk, being the bill (H,R.14J9) for the relief of Catherine who are opposed to the bill. Caine. Mr. RICHARDSON. What space will it occupy? The bill wa-s read, as follows: Mr. OATES. Not more than a page, I think. Be it enacted etc., That the proper accounting officers of the Treasury be, and The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ they are here by, authorized and directed to pay,out of any money in the Treas­ ury not otherwise appropriated, to Mrs. Catherine Caine, wiJ.owof the late tlemen from Alabama? Rev. Charles Caine, the pay and allowances of a chaplain in the volunteer There was no objection, and it was so ordered. service, from the lOth day of December, 18Gl, to March, 1863, the said Charles The index is as follows: Caine havin~ served as such chaplain in the organization known as Yates's Sharpshooters, illinois Volunteers, during the time mentioned, under a A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF BANKRUPTCY.-A SUMMARY OF H. R. 9348. commission issued by Richard Yates, governor of the State of illinois, with- CHAPTER I.-BANKRUPTS. out pay · Sec. 1. Meaning of words and phrases. 2. Acts of bankruptcy. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ 3. Who may become bankrupts. tleman from Illinois? 4. Partners. 5. Exemptions of bankrupts. Mr. BRETZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like to hear the report 6. Duties of bankrupts. in that case. 7. Death or insanity of bankrupts. 8. Protection and detention of bankrupts. The report (by Mr. DOLLIVER) was read, as follows: 9. Extradition of bankrupts. The Committee on War Claims, to whom was referred the bill (H. R.1419) 10. Suits by and against bankrupts. for the relief of Catharine Caine, submit the following report: 11. Compositions, when confirmed. This mea:mre was considered by this committee during the Fifty-first Con­ 12. Compositions, when set aside. gress, and was reported upon favorably, which report is appended as a part 13. Discharges, when granted. of this report. 14. Discharges, when revoked. Your committee concur in the conclusions stated in that report and recom· 15. Codebtors of bankrupts. mend tbe rassage or the bill. 16. Debts not affected by a discharge. -· 742 OONGRESSION.AL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21, J

SECTION 1. Meaning of wort18 and phrases.-Words and phrases are given cer­ SEC. 7. Death or insanity oj bankrupts.-The death or insanity of a bank­ tain meanings in order to r>revent unnecessary repetition; e. g., "courts of rupt shall not abate the proceedings in bankruptcy. bankruptcy" shall include the district courts of the United States and Ter­ Ordinarily the death or insanity of a bankrupt would abate the proceed­ ritories and the supreme court of the District of Columbia; "persons" shall ings, but to save delay and expen e, it is provided that upon the court's hav­ include corporations, omcers, partnerships, and women. ing obtained jurisdiction the administration shall be completed. The use of certain words in lieu of phrases, which is made possible by this SEc. 8. Protection and detention of bank1•upts.-Banlrrupts are exempt from section, adds to the clearness of the bill and makes it shorter oythousands of arrest upon civil process, except in certain cases. words than it would otherwise be The bankrupt, if apprehended, shall be forthwith taken before the court SEC. 2. Acts of bankruptcy.-Acts of banln·uptcy by a person shall consist ~or the determin:;ttion of the question of the necessity for his remaining, and of his having, within six months before the filing of a. petition against him, m the event of his detention shall be kept 1n custody by the marshal, but concealed himself to defeat his creditors; 1'a.iled for thirty days, or condition­ not imprisoned. ally within such time, while insolvent to secure the release of property levied SEc. 9. Extradition of banhrupt.s.-Bankrupts may be extradited from one upon foT $500 or over; made a transfer of property to defeat his creditors; <;listrict t o another in accordance with the laws now in force upon that sub- made an assignment or filed in court an aamission or insolvency; made, Jec~ • while insolvent, an option contract; made, while insolvent, a preference; (See Sec. 8, Protection and detention of bankrupts.) procured or suffered ajudgmentagainsthimselftodefeatcreditors; secreted . SEc . 10. Suits by and agamst bankrupts.-certain suits shall be stayed, sub­ property to avoid process; su1!ered, while insolvent, executions for $500 or Ject to the order of the court of bankruptcy. Suits by and against bankrupts over to be r eturned unsatisfied; or suspended, and not resumed, while in­ may be prosecuted or defended by trustees. Suits shall not be brought by solvent, payment of commercial paper for thirty days for $500 or over. ~fo:lcf.inst the trustee subsequent to two years after the estate has been The time within which proceedings in bankruptcy may be instituted shall not begin to run until parties in interest shall have had an opportunity to be (See Sec. 63, Debts which may be proved.) advised of the facts. SEc. 11. Composition, when conjirmed.-A composition may be ofi'ered after In general terms acts of bankruptcy are divided into those which consti­ but not before. the bankrupt has been examined in open court or at a meet~ tute dishonesty ann1 those which are the result of insolvency. ing of his creditors, and after he has filed a schedule of his property and list It was thought that if a debtor was acting dishonestly with his property or ~f his creditors. 'l'he applic~tion may be filed in court after, but not before, if he had become insolvent his creditors ought to have an opportunity to se­ 1t has been accepted by a maJority in number and amount of all the creditors cure the payment or at least a. percentage of their claims. In a financial whose claims have been allowed, and after the consideration to be paid and sense it is immaterial to the creditor whether the debtor has acted dishon­ the money necessary to pay debts which have priority and the costs of the estly or become insolvent, as the probable result to him in either case will be court have been deposited subject t-o the order of the judge. After these the loss of a part of the amount due. conditions have been complied with a.nd the application has been filed a time Very careful restrictions have been made with reference to the commence­ will be fixed for the heaTing and the compositiOn will be confirmed if it is for ment of proceedings in bankruptcy. (See Sec. 59, Who may file and dis.miss the best interests of the creditors, if the bankrupt is entitled to a discharge petitions.) if his embarrassment is not due to his fraudulent acts, and if the offer and The person against whom proceedings are instituted will have every op­ acceptance are in good faith and have been properly procured. The con· portunity to make a defense as in other cases (see Sec. 19, Jury trials). Any fi.rmatio.n of a composition will result in the discharge of the bankrupt, ex­ of the creditors who so desire may assist in the defense of the case (see Sec. cept from a compliance with the terms o1 the composition, 18, Process pleadings and adjudications). During the pendency of the proceedings the defendant will retain posses­ fe~~~!~;:~~\~~ ~~~~~; !~~~sc;e~~~-sition or compromise can be ef- sion of his property, unless the creditors can convince the court that therfl is In order to enable the creditors to pass upon the honesty of a debtor and to danger to the property in so doing and secure an order for the taking of 1t calculate the worth of their claims, it has been provided'that the debtor shall into custody; such an order will not be executed unless the creditors give a be examined in open court or at a meeting of his creditors, and file his sched­ bond to indemnify him in the event that the adjudication is not made, and ule of property and list of creditors before the creditors shall be petitioned even in that event he may give a forthcoming bond and retain possession or to a<'cept the compromise which he offers. The offer shall not be filed in the property. (See Sec. 69, Possession of property.) court until it has been accepted by a majority in number and amount of the Under the laws of the several States there is no adequate remedy ror a. creditors and whatever is to be paid has been daposited subject to the order debtor whose creditors institute compulsory proceedings; in almost every of the court. It is not intended that any ofi'er shall be made except in good ease the creditors dissipate a large part of the estate in litigation, and while faith and not unless it can be complied with upon its acceptance by the cred­ some of them are paid in full, the majority are not paid any part or the itors. (See Section 58, Notices to creditors, and section 13, discharges when amount due, and the debtor is left still owing the bulk of his debts, althou~h granted.) • at the inception or the litigation he may have been solvent. Under this bill SEC- 12. Compositi{)ns, when set aside.-A composition will be set aside upon the distribution of the assets will be pro rata (see Sec. 65, Declaration and application made within six months after it is confirmed if it was fraudu­ . ·' ·· payment of dividends; Sec. 60, Preferred creditors, and Sec. 67, Liens). The lently obtained . debtor, if honest, will be discharged (see Sec. 13, Discharges, when granted). Fraudulent compositions may be set aside upon application filed within It therefore seems evident that the position of both the debtor and creditors six months after the confirmation. will be more advantageous under this act than under the present State laws. SEC. 13. DU;charges, when granted.-A nerson, not a corporation, may, after It is not proposed to have acts of bankruptcy secretly committed and then the expiration of two months after the adjudication and within the next have the t1me within which proceedings may be instituted elapse before the four months, apply for a discharge; if it is impossible to file the petition creditors learn of the commission or the act. The time in wnich proceed­ within that time the judge may permit it to be filed within the next six ings may be instituted will therefore be extended six months from the date months, but not thereafter. A discharge shall not be granted to a person when the diligent creditor is enabled to learn or the commission of the act who has committed an offense punishable by imprisonment or fine (see sec­ of bankruptcy (see Sec. 2, Acts or bankruptcy). tion relating to ofi'enses), given a preference which has not been surrend­ SEc. 3. Who may become bankrupts.-Any person who owes debts, except a ered, knowingly made a materially false statement concerniLg his financial corporation, shall be entitled to the benefits of this aetas a voluntary bank­ condition, made a transfer of his property which might have been im­ rupt. peached as fraudlent unless it has been surrendered to the trustee, or 'with Auy person whose debts amount to $500 or over, if adjudged an involun­ fraudulent intent destroyed or neglected to keep books showing his financial tary bankrupt upon an impartial trial, shall be subject to the provisions of condition, the act, except a national bank, a person engaged chiefly in farming or the A corporation will not be discharged. (See Sec. 15, Codebtors of bank­ tillage of the soil, or a wage-earner_ rupts; Sec.16, Debts not affected by a discharge; and Sec. 58, Notices to cred­ There is alreadyin existence a satisractorylawfor the controlandliquida­ itors.) SEC. 1~. Di-scharges, when revoked.-A discharge may be revoked upon ap­ tion of national banks. Since the Government is responsible for the money plication filed witp.in two years after being granted if it ti·anspires that it issued by these banks in the event of their failure, there is a good reason why was fraudulently procured. it should have control of their liquidation. . Fraudulent discharges may be revoked upon application 1lled within two It is said that persons engaged chiefly in farming or the tillage of the soil years after being granted. and wage-earners do not wish to become subjl'cted to involuntary bank­ SEc. 15. Codebtors of bankrupts.-codebtors of bankrupts shall not be af­ ruptcy; the bill does not therefore include them among the persons who may fected by the discharge of such bankrupts. become involuntary bankrupts; objection would not be made if they should Although an honest bankrupt may be discharged it does not afi'ect thelia­ ask its extension to them. They may voluntarily take the benefits of the bility of his codebtors. act. SEC. 16. Debts not a.tfected by a discharge.-A discharge shall release the The difference between voluntary and involuntary bankrupts consists only bankrupt, not a corporation, from provable debts, except such as are due as in whether the petition is filed by the bankrupt or his creditors. After the a tax, have not been duly scheduled, or were created by fraud, embezzle­ adjudication the rights and responsibilities of all bankrupts and their cred­ ment, or defalcation while acting as an o:mcer or in a fiduciary capacity. itors are identical. It is thought that public policy will be promoted by not, under any cir· SEC. 4. Partners.-Partners maybe adjudged bankrupts. The partnership cumstances, granting a discharge in the above classes of debts. creditors, if all of them are adjud~ed bankrupts, shall nomin,a.te the trustee. The court first obtaining jurisdictiOn over one P.artnermay have jurisdiction CHAPTERII.-COURTS. or all of them, and of the partnership estate, if all of the partners are ad­ Sec. 17. Jurisdiction of courts of bankruptcy. judged bankrupts. If any one or more partners are not a

~ ' 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 743

fifteen days. The answer must be filed under oath in ten days after there­ 49. Accounts and papers of trustees. turn day. If a defense is made the court, with or without the intervention 60. Boncts or referees and trm;tees. or a jury, shall determine the controversy. If no defense is made the judge 51. Duties of clerks. shall enter the judgment, if present; if he is absent the case shall be referred 52. Compensation of clerks. to the referee. Creditors other than those initiating the proceedings may 53. Duties of Attorney-General. appear either as petitioners or defendants. 54. Statistics of bankruptcy proceedings. (SeeSbc. 59, Whomayfile anddismiss petitions; and Sec. 19, Jury trials.) SEc. 19. Jury trials.-Jury trials may be had upon application of bankrupt, SEc. 33. Creation of two offices.-The omces of referee and trustee are ere- as now provided bylaw. ~~ - The r1ght or trial by jury will remain inviolate both in cases in which it There are but two new o:l'l:lces created. The omcers to fill them are the 1s alleged that an act of bankruptcy has been committed and in those in referee, who ~ an assistant judicial officer to assist in expeditiously dispos­ which it is charged that the defendant has committed an otrense in violation ing of the busmess before the court, and the trustee, who is to have the title of the provisions of the act. of the bankrupt's property and administer it. SEC. 20. Oaths, affirmations.-Oaths o.r affirmations may be administered by SEC. 31. Appointment of 9'ef erees.-Courts of Ibankruptcy shall appoint and referees, State and Federal o:l'l:lcers now authorized by law to administer remove referees, and prescribe and change their districts. oaths and diplomatic or consular omcers in foreign countries. (See Sec. 35, Qualification of r eferees.) The pm·pose of this section is to put claimants to as little trouble as possi­ . S~c. 35. Qualifications of,•eferees.-Refereesmay be commissioners of deeds, ble in making proof or their claims against estates. JUStiCes of the peace, masters in chancery, or notaries public, but shall not SEa. 21. E vi<.lence.-.Any person may be examined wherever found as a. wit­ ~old other offices of profit or emolument; they shall not be related to the ness in any bankruptcy; proceeding. Depositions will be taken under the Judges. laws now in force upon that subject. Notices of the taking of depositions Under the old law, unworthy relatives of judges were appointed in some will be filed with the referee in every case, and will be served upon the par­ districts to the desirable positions. It is believed that under this act favor­ ties in interest in given cases. Records o! the courts may be used as evi­ itism will be avoided, a.nct that in every instance the person best qualified to dence. perform the duties will be appointed. / Parties to controversies wUl be able to secure the testimony of all persons SEC. 36. Oaths of office of reftwees . ~Re!erees shall take the oath of o:mce pre­ 1n the administration of estates, irrespective of their residences. scribed for United States judges. SEC. 22. References of cases after adJudication.-After the adjudication the Theref~rees areassistantj udicial officers, and are therefore required to take judge will cause the estate to be administered, or refer it to the referee for the same oath of omce as judges general or special purposes, and may at any time change the reference. SEC. 37. Number of referees.-'l'bere shall be such number of referees as may The court may cause the estate to be administered or refer it generally or be necessary to expedttiously transact the business of the court. specially to the referee. Cases may be transferred from one referee to These o:l'l:lcers are compensated wholly out of the estate administered and another for the convenience ot parties. ~;:e;E£~~:ment wlil not therefore be of any expense to the State or ~ the SEc. 23. Jurifsdicti~~~~l~dends, 2 per cent on the second $5,000, and 1 per cent on addi- ing the first and including the last, unless the latter fall on a. Sunday or legal holiday, in which event it also shall be included. The amount of the commissions ot the trustee will not be computed upon SEc. 32. Transfer of cases.-In the event that proceedings are begun in sev­ ~~~~~~~~~r~~gg ~J::d~tate, but upon the amount to be actually paid eral courts, each of which has jurisdiction, the cases in all of the courts but 1 one may be transferred to such court. to be consolidated and administered. Since the amount or the trustee's commissions will depend upon the (See Sec.17, Jurisdiction of courts of bankruptcy; Sec.4,Partners; and Sec. amount paid in dividends, and can not be paid until the dividends have been 25, Appeals and writs of error.) declared, he will be financially interested in having the dividends as large and the expenses as small as possible, and the dividends payable quickly. CHAPTER III.-OFFIOERS. SEa. 49. Accounts and papers of trustees.-The accounts and papers of trus­ -, Sec. 33. Creation of two o:l'l:lces. tees shall be open to the inspection of all parties in interest. 34. Appointment of referees. There will not be any secrets in tbe administration of estates, but all of 35. Qualification of referees. the facts will be available to the parties in interest. 36. Oaths of omce of referees. SEc. 50. Bonds of referees and trustees.-Referees and trustees shall give 37. Number of referees. bonds, under very careful restrictious, with solvent sureties, conditioned 38. Jurisdiction of referees. for the faithful performance of their official duties. The court shall fix the 39. Duties of referees. amount of the bond of the referee. The creditors shall fix the amount of 40. Compensation of referees. the bond of the trustee, and may increase it. 41. Con tempts before referees. Very strict provisions are mace 3S to the qualifications of sureties, to the 42. Records of referees. end that the giving o! "straw bonds" may be prevented. · 43. Absence or disability of referees. SEC. 51. IJuties of clerks.-Clerks shall perform their duties a.nd account 44. Appointment of trustees. for the moneys received. 45. Qualification of trustees. (See Sec. 40, Compensation of referees; Sec. 48, Compensation of trustees 46. Death or removal of trustees, and Sec. 39, Duties of referees.) ' 47. Duties of trustees. SEc. 52. Compensation of clerks.-Clet·ks shp.ll be paid, as full compensation, ~· Compensation of trustees. a filing fee of ano in each case. - ' 1 ·.

744 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

Unuer the old lawclerks received in the aggregate very large fees. By the . SEc. 63. JJebts which may bep1·oved.-Debts maybe proved which are a fixed provisions of this bill they will receive but a single tee tor each case, payable ll!J:bility, as evide;nced by a written instrument, and owing at the time of the in a.::lvance. They will therefore be anxious that the e::.tate shall be promptly filmg of the petitiOn, whether then due or not; due as costs· and jud~ments administered. rendered after the filing of the petition. Unliquidated debts may be liqui­ SEc. 53. JJutiu of.Attorne?J-General.-TheAttorney-Generalshall collect and dated and proved. lay before Congress statistics as to proceedings in bankruptcy. (See Sec. 57, Proof and allowance of claims.) (See Sec. 54, Statistics of bankruptcy proceedings.) S~c. 64. JJebts which have p1·iority.-Debts which have priority are those SEc. 54 Statistics ofbankrztptcyproceedtngs.-Bankruptcy officers shall make which are dne as taxes, when there is property on which they const,itute a reports to the Attorney·General for statistical purposes. !J.en. Other debts whi~h .have priority are the filing fees paid by the cred­ (See Sec. 53, Duties of Attor~ey-General.) ltors; th~ c~sts of admrmstra.twn; wages due to employes which have been earned Wlthm three months before the filing of the petition, not to exceed CHAPTER IV.-CREDITORS. $300 for each employe; and debts which have priority by the laws ot the Sec. 55. Meetings of creditors. St'l.tes or the United States. 56. Voters at meetings of creditors. Certain debts will have to be paid in order to secure the administration of 57. Proof and allowance of claims. the estates; others ought, for reasons of public policy, be paid in full. In 58. Notices to creditors. the event of a composition being set aside or a discharge revoked the title of 59. Who may file and dismiss petitions. the ba;u

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 745 -

It appears from a statement of the Supervising Architect of the and some of them have been in this condition for years. Here Treasury, which I hold in my hand, and which I will publish with is the statement to which I have just referred: my remarks, that the Fifty-first Congress made appropriations TREASURY DEPARTMENT, for some seventy-five public buildings; that contracts for the 0FFIOE OF THE SUPERVISING ARCHITECT, erection of only a very small number of these have been entered Washington, JJ. C., JJecemb~J"r 22, 1892. into; that those which have been contracted for are in large part Sm: In compliance with your request in letter of the 8th instant, I have the honor to inclose a statement, showhig the number of buildings and im­ buildings the construction of which was so urgent that they portant. extensions authori.zed, and appropriations made therefor by the could not be delayed, notably the buildings for the Columbian Fifty-first Congress, with information in regard to contracts, etc., under the Exposition, the Ellis Island immigration building, and the Wash­ control of this offl.ce. I trust that the information furnished i.s as desired, and regret that the ington post-office. pressure of business in this offl.ce has prevented an earlier reply. It appears that out of almost$13,000,000 appropriated for these Respectfully yours, purposes more than $8,000,000 remain untouched. I believe also JAMES P. LOW, Acting Supervising .Architect. that examination would show that a great many of the buildings Hon. OWEN SCOTT, authorized by former Congresses are lying without any action, House of Representatives, United States, Washington,' .D. C.

Statement showin(J numbe1· of buildings and important extensions authorized and appropriations made ther~for by the Fifty-first Congress, with i;nformationin· regard to contracts to this date, under the contro' of the Supervising .A.rckitect 'I'reasury JJepartment.

Limit of cost Location. of site and Appropriated. Information in regard to contract. building.

Akron, Ohio, post-offl.ce ______---- __ ------$7!5,000.00 r75, 000.00 Nocontract awarded. Alexandria, La., post-offl.ce ______-----~------· ---- 60,COO.OO 60,000.00 Do. Allegheny, Pa., post-office ______------·------. 250,000. ()() 100,000. ()() Do. Alaska Territory, Mary Island and Sand Poi.nt, custom-houses ______15,000. ()() 15,000.00 Contracts awarded for building complete. Ashland, Wis., post-office .. ____ .------·-... ------100,000. ()() 100,000. ()() Contract awarded for erection of building. Atchi.son, Kans., post-offl.ce .... __ ------.. ---- ___ ------__ ------100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Contract awarded for basement masonry. Aurora, Ill., post-office .....• ------__ ------.--- 75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract. Baton Rouge, La.. post-office ...... ••....•• ------·------­ 100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Do. Beatrice, Nebr .. post-offl.ce ------__ ------­ 60,000. ()() 60,000.00 Contract awarded for erection of building. Beaver Falls, Pa., post·offlce ------· ------·------­ 50.000. ()() 50,000.00 No contract.. Bloomington, ill., post-offl.ce .. ------__ .. ------.• ------75,000.00 75,000. ()() Do. Bu1Ialo, N. Y., post-office* ______------600,000. ()() 600,UOO. 00 No limit of cost prescribed. No contract awarded. Burlington, Iowa, post-offl.ce .... ____ ------~------100,000.00 125,000.00 Contract awarded for basement masonry, etc. Camden, Ark., post-offl.ce ______------25,000.00 25,000.00 No contract. Canton. Ohio, post-office. ______.------.------100,000.00 100.0CO. 00 Contract awarded for erection of building. 100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Contract awarded for basement masonry. ~~:fe~a:Bi~P~~~~trfc~~~-~~~~~ ~ ~ ~=~ ~~~~ ::~::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::: so,ooo. ao 80,000.00 No contract. Chicago, ill., World's Fair Government buildings ______400, ooo. ao 400,000.00 Contract awarded for erection of main building. Clarksville, Tenn .... __ ------______--~- __ .---.:.------35,000. ()() No contract. Columbus, Ga., post-office ______------100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Do. Dallas, Tex., extension ______------.. ------150,000.00 150,000. ()() Contract awarded for erection of extension. Danville, Ill., post-offl.ce ------.. ------··------...••. 100,000.00 100,000. ()() Contract awarded for basement masonry. Davenport, Iowa, post-offlce. _------..•. ---·----·------­ 100,000.00 100,000. ()() No contract. Ellis Island, New York, immigration purposest ------·-···------·· 250,000.00 250,000. ()() Contracts awarded for erection of buildings, etc. Emporia, Kans., site only ______------·-----.•... __ ---- 10,000. ()() 10,000. ()() No limit of cost prescribed. No contract awarded. Fargo, N. Dak., post-offl.ce and court-house __ ---·------.------100,000.00 100,000. ()() No con t-ract. Fort Dodge, Iowa------75,QOO.OO 75,000.00 Contract for erection awarded. Fremont, Nebr., post-offl.ce ------·- ----·---.••. -·------·------60,000.00 60,000.00 Contract for erection awarded. Contractor forfeited check and new bids invited. Galeseurg, Ill ______-----. ______.••••... ______•••.•.•••. ______75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract. 50,000. ()() 50,000.00 Do. I~~~~l~~aJ>s~~~g~~tiice::: :::::::::::: ~::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::: 75, 000. ()() 75,000.GO Do. Kansas City, Mo., post-offl.ceand court-house ______1, 200, 00:>. ()() 750,000. ()() Contract awarded for clearing site. Lafayette, Ind., post-office ____ ------__ ------.•.. ___ _ 80.00;:1.00 80,000.00 Contract awarded for erection of building. Lansing, Mich., post-office . ------__ .••• ------___ _ too; ooo. oo 100,000.00 Do. Lewiston, Me., post-office ... ------______----•••. ____ ------__ _ 75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract awarded. Lima, Ohio, post-office. ______------· ______------··- ____ •••••• 60,000.00 60,000.00 Do. 125,000.00 125,000.00 Do. ita.~o~~~d~~~~~~~~:: :::::::::: :::~::::~: :::: :::::::::::::::::::::::: 50,000.00 50,000.00 Do. Mankato, Minn., court-house and post-office.------______90.000.00 100.000.00 Contract awarded for basement masonry. Martinsburg, W. Va., post-office .... ------__ ..•. ------__ ---- 75;ooo. oo 75;000.00 Do. Meridian, Miss. _____ .. ______------•••• ______------•••. ------___ _ 50,000.00 50,000.00 No contract awarded. Newburg, N. Y ______.• ____ ------____ ----·---·· ______100,000. ()() 100,000. ()() Do. New Haven, Conn.: . . . Additional land ______----_. -·------· .•••••.. ----••••••..••••••.•••.• 25,000.00 25,000. ()() Extension of building _____ ------·------·-···------40,000. ()() 40,000. ()() Do. New London, Conn., post-offl.ce and custom-house----········-········ 75,000.00 75,000.00 Do. Norfolk, Va., court-house and post-offl.ce ------·------­ 150,000.00 75,000:00 Do. New York, N.Y., custom-house building only+------·------·--­ 4,000,000.00 4, 000, 000. ()() Do. Paris, Tex., court-house and post-offl.ce ------·------100,000.00 100,000.00 Contract awarded for erection. Pawtucket, R. I. , post-offl.ce ______•••• ------.••. ------____ •••• ----··-- 75,000.00 75,000.00 Do. Philadelphia, Pa., mint.... ____ ------···------·------········ 2,000,000.00 Do. Portland, Orcgvn, custom-house, etc------···----·-······-···- 500,000.00 ---- ·250;ooo:oo· Do. Pueblo, Colo ______. ______-·-- ______--·-••.• ____ •••.••••••..•• 300,0JO. ()() 100,000.00 Do. Racine, Wi.s., custom-house and post-offl.ce ___ _. ______100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Do. Reidsville, N.C., post·offlce, court-house, and custom-house ...••••... 25,000.00 25,000.00 Do. Richmond, Ky., post-offl.ce __ ------··-.•.. ____ ------75,000.00 75,000.00 Contract for excavation awarded. Roanoke, Va., post-offl.ce. ------______---- ____ ------75,000.00 75,000. 00 No contract awarded. Rockford, Ill., post-ortlce ------·------____ ------______100,000. ()() 100,000.00 Do. Rock Island, Ill . ______-----·----______•.•• ______. 75,000. ()() 75,000.00 Do. Rome, Ga., post-office._------______------·----- ____ .••••• 50,000.00 50,000.00 Do. Salina, Kans., post-offl.ce •. ------·-- __ ------·------·--·····-.•••••.. 75,000. ()() 75,000.00 Do. , San Jose, Cal., post-office .. ------____ ------·------200,000.00 200,000. ()() Contract for erection awarded. Saginaw, Mich ______•••• ______------••••.• ____ ------·- 100,000.00 100,000.00 No contract awarded. Sheboygan, Wis. ______. ______------__ ••.• ______------50,000.00 50,000.00 Do. Sioux City, Iowa. ______------.. ______------.••• ______•.•• 250,000.00 125,000.00 Do. Sioux Falls, S. Dak .... ------______·-··------______150,000.00 75,000.00 Contract for erection of building awarded. South Bend, Ind., post-offl.ce ••.• ------__ ------______75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract awarded. Staunton, Va., post-office .. ------______------···------__ •..• 75,000.00 75,000.00 Do. Stockton, Cal ______---·-- __ •••• ______75,000.00 75,000.00 Do. St. Albans, Vt ______------__ .... ______-·-- ____ ·------____ ------· 60,000.00 60,000.00 Do. St. Paul, Minn., custom-house, etc.§------___ _ 800,000. ()() 400,000.00 Contract awarded for clearing site. Taunton, Mass ______------______75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract awarded. Washington, D. C., extension Bureau Engraving and Printing-----­ 80,000.00 80,000.00 Contract for extension awarded. ·washington, D. C.: 655,490.77 655,490. 77 ~ ~Contracts awarded for clea.ring site, piling, concreting 2, 000, 000. ()() 250,000.00 5 foundatiom:, masonrY, etc. 80,000.00 80,000. 00 . oContract awarded for basement masonry. ~~~~rwf;ri.~~~~~~= ~~~~~~ ~~=~~=: ~ ~ ~ =====~~ ~~~~~ ~=== ==~~ ~==:=~ 1· 75,000.00 75,000.00 No contract awarded.

* Legislation in regard to site was enacted prior to the Fifty·first Congress, and on March 3 1891 a further appropriation was made but no limit was prescribed. t And made head money available. tRevenue from sale of old custom-house. ' § Li.mit on building only. '1 Limited to cost. $655,490.77. ' - The three bnildi.ngs in Washington, D. 0., authorized to be purchased are not included in this li.st. QFFICE SUPERVISING ARCHITECr TREASURY, December 19, 1892. 746 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ JANUARY 21,

The facts that I have stated indicate that something is needed Mr. BANKHEAD. I yield two minutes and a half more to to be done in this direction. Either the force of the Department the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. SCOTT]. is wholly inadequate to push f.orward and complete this work, Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, the record will show that many or there is incompetency; or for some other reason which we of the buildings authorized by the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con­ ought to understand these public works have been delayed. It gresses are in the sam-e condition a those authorized by the may be, Mr. Speaker, that the cause of this delay lies in a desire Fifty-first Congress. The inquiry that we now present is not to save the Government from every expenditure possible. The whether recent Congresses have appropriated more money for condition of the Treasury may have indicated-_~ public buildings than previous Congresses. The object is to as­ Mr. DINGLEY. Does not the gentleman know that more certain why the Department charged with this public duty has money by seven and a half million dollars has been expended not pursued the work auth orized by Congress. for public buildings during the last four years than was expended It is believed, and I am sure the facts will show that the real for the same purposes during the previous four years? reason-although the gentleman seeks to obscure it by making Mr. SCOTT. This is not the question involved in this resolu­ a comparison between the amounts appropriated by this and tion. other Congresses-~ The gentleman can have his own time to make any statement Mr. DINGLEY (interrupting). The amounts expended, not he wishes . . I was about to say that it is pretty evident from the appropriated. skaits in which the Treasury has been for the last year and a Mr. SCOTT (continuing). Is that the Government itself has half or certainly the last year that there may be other causes felt the sore need of money such as it has rarely felt before. It for the delay on these public buildings than the fact that the has desired to prevent as far as possible any demand for ready Department has been unable with the assistance at hand to do the cash being placed upon it. For this reason it has held up the ~ . work. Certain it is that the erection of these public buildings, construction of these public buildings. scattered all over the country, where the needs of the Post-Office Mr. HOPKINS of Illinois. Let me ask the gentleman if it is Department and other branches of the Government have been not true that tbe great purpose is because a proper appropria­ pressing, has been delayed unnecessarily and unreasonably. tion has not been made for the Architect's office to employ the The purpose of this resolution is that the Department may re­ necessary force to make plans for the work and to carry it out? port the causes of this delay, so that we may understand why Mr. SCOTT. No; I think not. The Architect's office has public buildings upon which work was authorized two, three, either been negligent or incompetent for this work; or it may four, and five years ago are still in the -position in which they have been restrained by its superiors from making contracts in were when the appropriations were made. Very few of the order to save the Government from the perils of a threatened seventy-five public buildings authorized by the Fifty-first Con­ deficit. The object of this inquiry is to elicit the reason of this gress have been begun~ A few contracts have been made for delay. I think the cause I have given is the correct one. The foundations, but very few for complete buildings. The larger people are entitled to fair treatment in·the prosecution of public part of those buildings are lying to-day without any action, and works. the people in those localities are urging that these public woJ.•ks Mr. HEMPHILL. Let us have a vote and then discuss this may be commenced and prosecuted to completion. It seems to matter when the facts come in. me, Mr. Speaker, that this resolution ought to be .adopted so Several MEMBERS. That is right. that this House and the people may have some knowledge of the Mr. BANKHEAD. I demand the previous question on the reason for the inexcusable delay which has occurred. adoption of the report. Mr. DINGLEY. I ask the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. The previous question was ordered, under which the resolu- BANKHEAD] to yield me five minutes. . tion was agreed to. · Mr. BANKHEAD. I yield to the gentleman for thatt1me. On motion of Mr. BANKHEAD, a motion to reconsider the 1\fr. DINGLEY. Mr. Speaker, the statements which the gen­ last vote W:}S laid on the table. tleman from illinois [Mr. SCOTT] has made as reasons for the adoption of this resolution certainly deserve some attention. LEAVE OF ABSENCE. The inference which might be drawn from his remarks is, that By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted to Mr. during the last four years there has been a refusal on the part DUNPHY, until Wednesday next, on account of important.busi- of the Administration to enter upon the construction of many ness. authorized public buildings for lack of public money. ENROLLED· BILLS SIGNED. Mr. SCOTT. Not refusal, but failure. Mr. SCOTT, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, repo1·ted Mr. DINGLEY. Well, failure; just as the gentleman.pleases. that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the fol­ Now, as a matter of fact during the last four years, as I find by I' lowing titles; when the Speaker signed the same: a statement of the Secretary of the Treasury, there has been an A bill (S. 234:5) to authorize the construction of a bridge across expenditure of $23,977 ;4:77 on these public buildings, while dur­ the Mississippi River above New Orleans; and ing the previous four years there was an expenditure of only A bill {8. 3407) to authorize the Court of Claims to hear and de­ $16,341 ,064, showing that under the present Administration there termine the claims of certain New York Indians against the has been muchmoredone in the construction of public bui.ldings United States. than was done in the previous four years. MESSAGE FROM THE SENA'l'E. Now, the reason why more of the buildings which have been authorized have not been constructed is evident to anyone who A message from the Senate, by Mr. McCOOK, its Secretary, will read the reports already made to the House. It is that the announced that the Senate had disagreed to the amendments o£ Supervising Architect of the Treasury, whose force has not been the House of Representatives to the bill (S. 1933) concerning tes­ incr eased with the number of buildings authorized, has not a timony in criminal cases or proceedings based upon the growincr sufficient force to prepare the plans and put all the buildinga out of illegal violations of an act entitled "An act to regulate authorized under construction. He has done all that could bs commerce," approved February 4, 1887, as amended March 2, done with the force under his control; and this must ba evident 1889, and February 10, 1891, asked a conference with the House because he has expended seven and a half million dollars more on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses, and had appointed in the last four years than was exp~nded in the preceding [our Mr. WILSoN, Mr. TELL~ and Mr. PUGH as the conferees on years. the part of the Senate. Now, all that can be said in answer to the l~esolution of inquiry, It also announced that the Senate had passed bills and joint which is all right, is simply in this direction, that in the Forty­ resolution of the following titles; in which the concurrance of ninth and Fiftieth Congresses we authorized the construction the House was requested: of an unusually large number of public buildings, and in the A bill (S. 1948) to authorize the Southern Kansas Railway Com­ Fifty-first Congress we increased this large number, the result pany to construct and maintain a pipe line from the Nurth Fork being that during the last four years we have been completing the of the Canadian River, Indian Territory, to said railway; construction of buildings authorized by the Forty-ninth and A bill (S. 3383) to amend the act of May 6,1890, fixing the rate Fiftieth Congresses, and ha~e entered upon the construction of of intere.st to be charged on arre.arages of general and special only a part of the new buildings authorized by the Fifty-first taxes now due the District of Columbia; Congress. A bill (S. 3690) to incorporate the Tabernacle Society of the In order to carry forward more rapidly the buildings which District of Columbia; have been authorized there must be a larger force provided by A bill (S. 3727) to amend "An act authorizing the construction Congress in the office of the Supervising Architect. Yet, with of a railway, street railway, motor, wagon, and pedestrian bridge the existing force, the expenditure for thia purpose has been over the Missouri River near Council Bluffs, Iowa, and Omaha, seven and a half million dollars, more within the last four years Nebr., and to extend the time for the completion of the bridge than during the previous four years. In justice to the Super­ therein provjded;" and vising Architect thisstatement ought to accompany the remarks Joint resolution (S. R. 134) authorizing the loan, for exhibi­ of the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. SCOTT]. I reserve the resi­ tion at the World's Columbian Exposition, of the picture enti­ due of my time. tled" The Recall of Columbus," by Augustu.s G. Heaton.

J 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. 74r

AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL. fermented liquors in the District of Columbia-to the House Mr. HATCH. Mr. Speaker, I askunanimousconsent that the Calendar. subcommittee of the Committee on Agriculture, having in charge SATURDAY HALF-HOLIDAY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. the appropriation bill, be authorized to sit during the sessions By Mr. HEMPHILL, from the Committee on the District of of the House until the completion of the bill. Columbia: Joint resolution (S.R.l30) to amend an act entitled The SPEAKER. In the absence of objection that order will "An act making Saturday a half-holiday for banking and trust be made. companies in the District of Columbia," approved December 22, There waa no objection. 1892-to the House Calendar. DIGEST, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. ECLECTIC MEDICAL SOCIETY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I submit a privileged re- By Mr. HEMPRILL, from the Committee on the District of port from the Committee on Printing. Columbia: A bill (S. 741) to incorporate the Eclectic Medical So· The SPEAKER. The repor t will be read. ciety of the DiBtrict of Columbia-to the Hou:::e Calendar. The Clerk read as i ollows: R esolved, That there be printed-copies of the Digest and Manual of the EAST WASHINGTON CROSS-TOWN RAILWAY COMPANY. Rules and Practice of the House of Representa.ti ves for the second session of By Mr. HEARD, from the Committee on the District of Co­ the Fifty-second Congr ess, the same to be bound and distributed under the di­ rection of the Speaker a.nd Clerk of the House; -copies thereof to be bound lumbia: A bill (H. R. 5353) to incorporate the East Washington Cros8town Railway Company of the DistrictofColumbia-to the in.f h't(S~~~~ f:ee on Printing, to whom was referred the fore oing resolu­ House Calendar. tion. report the same back with the recommendation that it :fo pas , with the following amendments: Fill the first blank by inserting "2,500," and the WASHINGTON, BURNT MILLS AND SANDY SPRING ; RAILWAY second by inserting ''500; " so that it will read: "2,500 copies of the Digest COMPANY. and .Manual of the Rules and Practice of the House of Representatives for the second session of the Fifty-second Congress,'' etc., and " 500 copies thereof By Mr. RICHARDSON, from the Committee on the District to be bound in paper covet"S." of Columbia: A bill (H. R. 9956) to incorporate the Washington, The estllnated cost or same is ~ , 568. Burnt Mills and Sandy Spring Railway Company-to the House The amendments recommended by the committee were agreed Calendar. to. ORDER OF BUSINESS. The resolution as amended was agreed to. On motiion of Mr. RICHARDSON, a motion to reconsider the The SPEAKER. This completes the call of the standing and last vote was laid upon the table. select committees for reports. The morning hour begins at five minutes to 1. The call rests with the Committee on the Library, ORDER OF BUSINESS. which committee had a bill pending yesterday. The SPEAKER. The regular order is the call of the stand­ Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw that bill. ing and select committees for reports. The SPEAKER. This is the second call for the purpose of SOILED PAPER CURRENCY. permitting committees to bring up measures for consideration. Mr. BACON, from the Committee on Banking and Currency,· The Committee on Rivers and Harbors was called. reported back the bill (H. R. 10012) to provide for the speedy Mr. BLANCHARD. I ask unanimous consent to pass the and frequent redemption of United States paper currency and Committee-on Rivers and Harbors, with the right to be taken national bank notes which have become soiled, impure, unclean, up later without prejudice. or otherwise unfit for use; which was referred to the Committee Mr. BACON. I object. The Committee on Military Affairs was called. of the Whole House on the state of the Union. . ,. " REPORTS OF NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. HOSPITAL CORPS, UNITED STATES ARMY. Mr. BACON also, from the Committee on Banking and Cur­ Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Speaker, I call up the bill (H. R. rency, reported back with amendments the bill (H. R. 10118) to 9925) to establish companies of the Hospital Corps, United States amend section 5209 of the Revised Statutes; which was referred Army, and for other purposes. to the House Calendar. The bill was read, as follows: REGULATION OF COMMERCE. Be it enacted, etc. That the companies of the Hospital Corps, organized by the Secretary of War in the Medical Department of the Army, are bereby es­ Mr. STORER, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign tablished upon' the same military status as companies of infantry, and shall Commerce, reported back the bill (H. R.10232) to amend the act herea.fter be known as companies of the Ho'!pital Corps. SEc. 2. That each company shall consist of eight hospital sergeants, one ot to regulate commerce; which was referred to the House C~lendar. whom shall be selected as flrst sergeant and one asqnartermaster sergeant; Mr. STORER also, from the CommitteeoninterstateandFor­ isix hospital corporals, two musicians, one artificer, and as many privates, not eign Commerce, reported back the bill (H. R.10250) to amend an exceeding one hundred, as the President may direct. SEc. 3. That the hospital sergeants shall be detailed as snch from th.e hos­ act entitled ''An act to regulate commerce;" which was referred pital stewards, the hospital corporals from thR acting hospital stewards, and to the House Calendar. the remaining members of the companies from the privates of the Hospital . Corps, United States Army, and each shall receive the pay of his grade in BUOYAGE WATER LINE, CIDCAGO, ILL. the Hospital Corps. Mr. BRICKNER, from the Committee on Interstate and For­ SEc. 4. That the necessary omcers to conun.a.nd the companies or the Hos­ pital Corps shall be detailed from the Medical Department, United States eign Commerce, reported back the bill (S. 3707) to make an ap­ Army. propriation for the establishment of buoyage on the water front SEc. 5. That the President is authorized to organize for bearer, ambu­ of Chicago, LakeMichiga.n, Ill.; which was referred totheHouse lance, field, hospital, and other like service, such companies of the Hospital Corps as he may J.eem necessary. Calendar. SEC. 6. That all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions-or ROCKPORT AND HARBOR ISLAND SUBURBAN RAILROAD. this act are hereby repealed. Mr. CRAIN, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign The SPEAKER. This bill is on the Union Calendar. Commerce, reported back the bill (H. R. 9174} authorizing the Mr. OUTHWAITE. The bill does not provide for any appro­ Rockport and Harbor Island Suburban Railroad to construct a priation or require any expenditure of money whatever. It bridge a.cro.ss the Corpus ChriBti channel, known as the Morris should be on the House Calendar. If it is on the Union Calendar and Cummings Ship Channel, near its entranca into Aransas it is there by mistake. Bay, in Aransas County, Tex.; which was referred to the House The SPEAKER. That being true, the Committee of the Calendar. Whole will be discharged from the further consideration of it, MILLE LAC INDIAN RESERVATION IN MINNESOTA .• and it will be considered in the House. By Mr. AMERMAN, from the Committee on the Public Lands: There was no objection. Joint resolution (S. R. 86) for the protection of those parties who The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendment pro­ have heretofore been allowed to make entries of lands within posed by the committee. the former Mille Lac Indian R~servation in Minnesota-to the The Clerk read as follows: Amend line 3, in section 1, by adding the word " already " after the words House Calendar. "Hospital Corps," and striking out all of section 6. TRUST, LOAN, AND OTHER CORPORATIONS, DISTRICT OF Co­ LUMBIA. The amendments were agreed to. By Mr. RICHARDSON, from theCommitteeontheDistrictof The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a -. third time; and being engrossed was accordingly read the third Columbia: A bill {H. R. 10248) to amend an act to provide for the 1 incorporation of trust, loan, mortgage, and certain other incor­ time, and passed. porations within the District of Columbia-to the House Calen­ On motion of Mr. OUTHWAITE, a motion to reconsider the dar. last vote was laid on the table. SALE OF LIQUORS, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. POST TRADERSHIPS. By Mr. HEMPHILL, from the Committee on the District of Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Speaker, I call up the bill (S. 3117) Columbia: A bill (H. R. 7207) .to regulate the sale of distilled and relating to post traderships. -

. 748 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

The bill was read, as follows: LINES OF BATTLE OF THE ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA AT Be tt enacted, etc., That where a vacancy now exists or hereafter occurs in GETTYSBURG. the position of post trader at any military post it shall not be filled, and the authority to makfl such appointment is hereby terminated: Provided, That Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Speaker, I now call up tba bill {S. in the event of the death of a post trader his personal representative shall 2914) for marking the lines of battle and po3itions of troops of be allowed by the Secretary of War a reasonable time in which to close the business. the Army of Northern Virginia at Gettysburg, Pa., and for other purposes. Mr. HEARD. I would like to ask the gentleman in charge of the bill to make a brief explanation. I do not know of any good The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the title of the bill. reason why the bill should not pass, but I should like the gentle­ The title of the bill was reported. man to state briefly the reason why he thinks it should pass. Mr. OUTHWAITE. I move that the House resolve itself into Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Speaker, I will ask for the reading Committee of the Whole for the purpose of considering the Sen- ' ate bill. . · of the report. - I The motion was agreed t-o. The report fby Mr. OUTHWAITE) was read, as follows: The Committee on Military A1fair3, having had under consideration the The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of tbe bill (S. 3117) to abolish post traderships, are of the opinion that this measure ·whole, Mr. BYNUM in the chair. should become a law, and therefore recommend that the bill do pass. The CHAIRMAN. The House is in Committee of the Whole The Senate report, a. copy of which is hereunto attached, is adopted by the for the purpose of considering the bill which the Clerk will re..: House committee. port. · [Senat-e Report No. 713, Fifty-second Congress, first session.] The Clerk proceeded to read the bill. The Commitl.ee on Military Alfairs, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3117) Mr. OUTHWAITE (during the reading of the bill). Mr. relating to post traderships, have had the same under consideration and sub­ Chairman, so far as the bill has been read it places before the mit the following report: committee fully and clearly the purposes of the bill. I therefore The purpose of this bill is to abolish post traderships. It will not produce a radical change, and the present system will continue until those persons ask unanimous consent that the further first reading of the bill who are now post traders shall either die or retire, but when vacancies occur be dispensed with. from either of those causes. then the post tradership shall be abolished. The bill has received the approval of the War Department and the Major-General The CHAIRMAN. The ~?entleman from Ohio asks unani­ Commanding the Army, whose report is herewith appended. An extract mous consent to dispense with the further first reading of the from the last report of the Secretary of War upon this subject is also an­ bill. Is there objection? [After a 'Pause.] The Chair hears nexed. none. Your committee has amended the bill and in its amended form recom­ mend that it pass. Mr. OUTHWAITE. I ask that the Clerk now commence with the reading of the bill by sections. · HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY, The Clerk read as follows: Washington, D. C., May 14,1892. Be it enacted, e!c., That for the purpose of preserving the lines of battle at Sm: Referring to Senate bill3117, entitled "A bill relating to post trader­ Gettysburg, Pa., and for properly mark.in~ with tablets the positions occu­ ships," I have the honor to report as follows: pied by the various commancis of the arnnes of the Potomac and of North· The position of post trader was originally established in part, perhaps, as ern Virginia on that field, and for the purchase or condemnation of land of a substitute tor the old sutlership which had been abolished, but mainly as historical importance, and for opening and improving avenues along the a means of supplying necessities to emigrants and travelers passing or vis­ positions occupied by troops upon those lines, and for fencing the same, and iting military posts on the frontier at a period of time when the Army and for determining the leading tactical positions of batteries, regiments, brig­ roving Indians were almost the sole inhab1tants of a vast region of country. ades, divisions, corps, and other organizations with reference to the study Around all those, then new, frontier posts have grown up thriving towns and correct understanding of the battle, and to mark the same with suitable where traders of all kinds are able to supply the necessities above referred tablets, each bearing a brief historical legend, compiled without praise and to, by means of which the post trader became only a privileged rival of citi­ without censw·e, and to be prepared by said commission and approved by zens engaged in legitimate business in the near vicinity. the Secretary of War, the said Secretary is hereby authorized and directed These trade stores were also found to be a demoralizing element in nearly to appoint three commissioners, two of whom shall have been participants every garrison, being places of dissipation for both omcers and enlisted men. in the battle of Gettysburg, and one of whom shall have been an omcer of Under the wiser social custom gradually developed in the Army, both om.­ the Army of Northern Virginia; and the said commissioners shall have the cers and enlisted men have generally been provided with far better means general charge of the work aforesaid, and shall recommend the purchase of for social entertainment and recreation, the omcers having their post messes such land as they deem it necessary for the United States to acquire for the or clubs, and the soldiers the institution now called "exchanget both of purposes aforesaid, and they shall, unner the directions and instructions of which are in the main cooperative stores in their character, ana as such the Secretary of War, execute the provisions of this act. The said commis­ supply to the omcers and their families and to the enlisted men of every gar­ sioners shall be paid such compensation, out of the appropriation provided rison all those comforts and luxuries which are deemed essential in modern in this act, as the Secretary of War shall deem reasonable and just, not ex­ society. ceeding $10 each per day of actual service, and they may employ such sur­ The post trader is no longer necessary, and in nearly all cases, if continued veying parties and clerical assistance as may be necessary, and secure such at all, would be only a source of detriment to the best interests of the Army. historical information·as they may need, at compensations for these several In some cases the policy of the War Department to do away with all post services to be fixed by the commission. subject to the approval of the Secre­ traders has been delayed through a just and generous regard for vested in­ tary of War, and to be paid out of the appropriation provided in this act. terests ot the present incum bents, and such have been permitted to continue their business until they could close out without material loss, and their Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the amend­ buildings have been or are to be purchased at a fair price whenever that may be done to the advantage of the Government. So rapidly as this can ments to this section be voted on in gross, unless a se-parate vote be accomplished the system ot post traders should be eliminated entirely, be demanded. and I therefore fully concur in the wisdom of the proposed law repealing the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Ohio asks unanimous authority to appoint post traders in the Army. This necessity can never hereafter again arise so long as the territory of the United States remains consent that the committee amendments be voted on in gross. with its present boundaries. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. Very respectfully, Mr. BURROWS. What are the amendments? J. M. SCHOFIELD Major-General Commanding. The CHAIRMAN. _ The Clerk will report the amendments. The SECRETARY OF WAR. The Clerk read as follows: In line 4, section 1, after the word "field," insert "and the securing and compiling ot additional historical data now available beyond that now in [Extract from the last report of the Secretary of War.] possession of the Government." At the beginning of this administration there were licensed post traders In line 8, section 1, strike out the words "the leadin~;" and insert in place at most army po&ts. They were a privileged class, exempt from taxation, thereof the words "delineating the most important.' At the end of same because located on Government reservations, and had practically a monop­ line add the words "and evolutions.". oly of the trade in such articles as were not furnished or sold by the quarter­ Section 2. Strike out all after the word "censure," in line 13, to and includ­ master or commissary. Wherever cities and villages have grown up near ing the word "and," 1n line 21, and insert in place thereof the following: the formerly remote Western posts, and the post trader has thus ceased to ·•A commission is hereby created and established, under the name of 'The be a necessity, it has been my purpose to discontinue the system as rapidly Gettysburg Battlefield Commission,' to consist of three members, who as possible and permit the trade of military posts, outside of the ordinary shall be appointed by the Secretary of War, one of whom shall be a civilian governmental supplies, to take its regular channels. . who is recognized as the person best informed in the history of the battle, On the 4th or March, 1889, there were eighty-five of these traders. There possessing the most thorough h-nowledge or the history of the battle, are now but twenty-two, and seven of these have been notified that their and who shall be chairman of the commission and its historian; one a.n licenses will be revoked within a short time, at a date so fixed as t.o give omcer of the Army of the Potomac who participated in the battle, a.nd one them an opportunity to sell or reduce their stocks. Four of the remaining an omcer of the Army of Northern Virginia who participated in the batt.le. fifteen are at posts whose abandonment has been ordered, or soon will be, so Said commission shall have a principal otnce in connection with the War that at the end of the fiscal year there will be only eleven remaining. Department in the city of Washington. The partie3 who held these privileges had large personal and political in­ "The said chairman shall, as soon as possible after his ap-pointment, com­ fluence, and it has not been an easy or pleasant task to make this change. pile hist-orical maps showing not only the general lines of battle of the two Many of them also ha.d invested considerable capital in these enterprises, armies, but approximately the successive tactical and strategic position& and were, therefore, entitled to consideration and a reasonable time to close and evolutions or all bodies of troops taking part in said engagement, to the their business. But their profits had been large, and I believe that no injus­ end that all the principal operations or batteries, regiments, brigades, divi· tice has been done them. It was a pernicious system and necessity was the sions, and corps, and other organizations, when acting as such respectively, only excuse for its existence at any time. It has outlived whatever useful­ may be represented upon said maps, and by means of which the said several ness it may have had, and its longer continuance is not for the interest of positions and evolutions of said organizations may be marked upon the field, the service or for the public good. and for said special services in the preparation of said maps said historian shall be paid a reasonable compensation, not exceeding the sum of ~25,000, to Mr. OUTHWAITE (during the reading of the report). I ask be fixed by the Secretary of War: the same to be paid in such installments, that the further reading of the report be dispensed with. according to the progress of the work, as may be determined upon between Mr. HEARD. I am content with the report as far as read. said historian and the Secretaryof War." Line 20, section 1, strike out tl;le word " aforesaid '' and insert in lieu thereof The bill was ordered to a third reading; and it was a~cord­ the words ·•upon the field." ingly read the third time, and passed. Line 21, section 1, after the word "purchase," insert "or condemnation." I . '

I

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. I -

Line 25, section 1, after the word "commission," insert "in addition to the l'lpecia.l services of the historian." will be involved in the execution of this bill should it become Line 31, section 1, after the word "such," insert "further.: law. · The CHAIRMAN. The question is upon agreeing to the Mr. COGSWELL. How do you know? amendments reported by the committee. Mr. SAYERS. I know, because t:Q.e marking of the battle;;. Mr. BROSIUS. Mr. Chairman, on page 2 of the bill, line 17, field of Chattanooga has cost over $400,000 already and I take it after the word "tablets," I would like to inquire whether the for granted that this will cost not less, but probably more. gentleman in charg-e of the bill would object to inserting the Mr:. 90GSWELL. But the cost at Chattanooga includes the words" of uniform designs." acqmrmg 0f land. · Mr. OUTHWAITE. I would have to object to that, for the Mr. SAYERS. And this bill also proposes to a.cquire land • . reason that the plan would involve different designs to indicate Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent the different bodies of troops. And the position of different bodies that the ame;ndments proposad by the committee to this section of troops would be indicated by tablets of different designs. For be voted on I? gross unless some gentleman desires a separate vote. ~· - instance, wh~re a battery ?f artillery had been planted, possibly the tablet might have a circular top; where a company or regi­ Mr. SAYERS. We shall demand separate votes upon all the ment of infantry had been, the tablet might have a square top; and amendments. · · wherecavalryhad been, itmighthaveapointed t<>p. Therefore, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. OUTH­ I think there is no necessity for introducing such a suggestion WAI!E] asks unanimous consent that the amendments to this as that offered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania. section may be voted upon in gross. Is there objE-ction? Mr. BROSIUS. Now, if the gentleman will have the kind­ Mr. SIMPSON. I object. ness to allow me just a moment, I will state that it does not seem The CHAIRMAN. Objection is made. The Clerk will report n ecessary for the purpose of this marking to indicate lines of the first amendment. battles and to furnish information concerning the battle to have The amendment was read, as follows: Section 3! lines 1 and 2, insert after the word "war" the words "to pay tor the different designs which the gentleman has suggested, and it said historiCal maps and." seems to me that it may be better, inasmuch as these tablets are to be for a uniform purpose, namely the marking of lines of 'Qat­ The question was taken on the amendment; and there wer~ tle, it seems to me there would be a propriety in having a uni­ ayes 44, noes 15. · form design. Now, I do not intend to press this, and will not Mr. SIMPS9N and Mr. ANTONY. No quorum, Mr. Chair­ ask for a vote upon it, but would prefer to have it adopted if the man. gentleman would do so. _ The Chairman appointed Mr. OUTHW AI'l'E and Mr. ANTONY Mr. OUTHWAITE. Mr. Chairman, it is not simply to mark to act as tellers. the lines of battle, but to mark.the evolutions and movements of The committee again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes the troops. The same troops may have occupied several posi­ 135, noes 5. tions. Troops may have had one position at one time, and the _Mr. ANTONY. No quorum. same body of troops had another position at alittle laterperiod, The count was resumed; and the tellers reported-ayes 160 and the purpose is to mark the evolutions of the troops. noes 6. So the amendment was agreed to. ' Mr. BROSIUS. Well, then, I will not press the amendment. The next amendment was read, as follows: Section 3, line 2, after the word " the," insert the word "other; " so as tO Mr. OUTHWAITE. I ask the Chairman to submit my-request read: " and to begin the other work," etc. that the amendments be voted on in gross. Mr. PICKLER. This will not interfere with any markin

'• I ' 1 750 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

Life-saving Service ma.y recommend: Provided, That the cost thereof shall of the Treasury .and enforced by the sanitary authorities of the States and not exceed the sum of $10,000. municipalities, where the State or municipal health authorities will under­ take to execute and enforce them; but if the State or municipal authorities The SPEAKER. This bill is in Committee of the Whole. shall fail or refuse to enforce said rules and regulations the President shall The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. RANDALL] asks unani­ execute and enforce the same .and may detail or appoint officers.fort.hat pur­ mous consent that that committee be discharged from the con­ pose. The Secretary of the Treasury shall make such rules and regulations as are authorized by the laws of the United States and necessary to be observed sideration oi the bill ahd that it be considered in the House as by vessels at ~e port of departure and on the voyage, where such vessels sail in Committee of the Whole. from any 'forrugn port or place at which eontagions or infectious disea e ex­ There was no objection, and it was so ordered. ists, or from which the President has reason to believe that infected articles o! merchandise are being shipped, to any port or place in the United States, to The bill wasordered toa third reading: and itwas accordingly secure t~e best sanitary C one State Mr. RAYNER. I do not yield the floor at present for the read­ from another, the Secretary of the Treasury shall, if in his judgment it. is ing of any report. I will have those reports read as a part of my necessary and proper, make such additional rules and regulations as are remarks, as I do not intend to address the House for more than necessary to prevent the introductiOn. o.f such diseases into the United States trom foreign countries, or in.t.o one State from another, and when said rules ten or fifteen minutes. But I do not desire to have time occu­ a.nd regulations han been made they shall be promulgated by the Secretary pied now with the reading.

'. .~ -

1893. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 751

Mr. COMPTON. I would like to inquire whether the bill globe ought toc.ombine to demand of their persecutors that they just read from the desk is the same as the bill passed by the Sen­ shall be required to amend their code of religious intolerance ate? and become proselytes a.t the altar of reason and humanity, or Mr. RAYNER. No, it is not. that they shall be no longer tolerated or maintain friendly con­ Now, Mr. Chairman, I wish to submit a few general remarks tact and intercourse with the free nations of the world. But as upon the subject of quarantine, and I shall then explain very deeply and profoundly as I feel on this subject I do not believe briefly the status of these bills. I kindly ask that I may not be that we ought to become the ..receptacle for the conditions and interrupted until I get to the bills and then I will yield for any the vice and the crimes that are turned in on us from the conti­ question and will do my utmost to make every necessary expla­ nent of Europe. nation. Last summer, as all will remember, a foreign steamship com­ Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Chairman, I would like to inquire pany sent one of its vessels from an infected port, and with a whether, under the rules, I have not the right te have the ma­ living _sepulcher beneath her decks, with flying colors, entered jority report read? the harbor of New York, utterly regardless of the sanitarylaws The CHAIRMAN. Not while another gentleman has the of that Commonwealth and of the hundreds and thousands of floor. human lives being imperiled at the port of destination. Had it Mr. RAYNER. The gentleman shall have the reports read; not been for the heroic conduct of your sanitary officer in that I will have them read in my own time; there will be no trouble city there is no foretelling what disaster might have been in­ about that. flicted on our population. The master of this ship was willing Mr. Chairman, I think-we are all agreed upon the proposition to tie his vessel to the dock and actually to distribute his cargo that EOmething should be done, if possible, to avoid the threat­ and steerage not only in defiance of the laws of New York, but ened presence of pestilence upon our shor.es during the coming in disregard of the maritime code of nations. summer; and that while we are providing for temporary secu­ This instance, Mr. Chairman, onlyillustrateshowutterlypow­ rity we ought to adopt some permanent plan to protect us in the erlesseven the great State of New York, with its vast municipaJ future from the ~ontinual danger to which otherwise we should powers, would be to prodde itself and the balance of the State be exposed. · from an invasion of this character. It is needless for me to state to the House that it would be im­ Now, I propose very briefly to give the status of these bills, possible to estimate the sacrifices we would incur and the losses and if any gentleman on the floor desires to ask any ·question I which would be inflicted upon us if this deadly scourge that has will cheerfully yield for the purpose of answering, because I am lately depopulated one of the greatest commercial centers of anxious that this measure shall be completed to-day, and hope to Europe shquld gain an entrance u1!o~ our territory. War or be for that reason very much briefer in my remarksthanishould famine would prove far less destructive, because agamst war we otherwise desire~ could defend ourselves and against famine we might seek deliv­ I introduced at the beginning of the session of Congress a bill erance through the relief and benevolence of mankind. for the creation and equipment of a board of maritime sanita­ I do not wish to create any false apprehensions upon this sub­ tion. On consultation with a committee of the Senate I saw at ject; but with the tide of immigration that is pouring in upon once that ther:e would be little opportunity or chance for a. bill us at every port of entry the highest authorities unite in pre­ of that character getting through the Senate even if it should. dicting that it is almost impossible for-us to evade or escape the have -passed the House. Then the Senate bill was passed. This threatened danger. If we adopt no preventive measure:;, if we bill is a compromise measure. It does not put quarantine regu­ look heedlessly on without any combined effort at resistance, if lations in the hands of the.Federal Government exclusively. with all its horrors staring us in thB face we defy it to approach Mr. CRAIN (interrupting). Will the gentleman .allow me to us, if we are willing to take our chances and rely upon tempo­ interrupt him for a question? rary devices and expedients when the emergency is upon us, Mr. RAYNER. Yes, sir. then, Mr. Chairman, it will be a miracle if we escape; ~ I am Mr. CRAIN. I would not do so, but I understood the gentle­ almost tempted to say that it will be a just punishment if the man to say that he solicited interrogatories. danger overtakes us. Mr. RAYNER. I did not say that I wanted questions, but I I shall not consume the time of this House in discussing our am perfectly willing to answer them1 if for information. constitutional power to pass a bill-of this 'Sort. The right to Mr. CRAIN. I want to know if the gentleman is entirely correct regulate commerce between the States and with foreign coun­ in his last statement that the municipal authorities or the State tries carries with it the fullest power that is necessary for this authorities have absolute control in this matter, and that the purpose. I believe not only in the power, but in the imperative Federal authorities only act in cases whe1·e there is no State or duty of the FederalGover:p.mentto assume jurisdiction over this municipal authority? matter; and I would, if I had my way-for I want to be very Mr. RAYNER. I will explain the point to which the gen­ frank, and will say that this bill does not snit me, though I am tleman alludes so that every one will understand, but I must ask willing to take it as a compromise-if I had my own way I would to b.a permitted to do so in my own way. curtail every unnecessary expense in order to provide for the There has been no quarantine legislati_on in this country vir­ creation, the equipment, and the maintenance of a board of mari­ tually for almost one hundred years. Thefirstactwas passed in time sanitation that would render the presence of this great ca­ 1799. . lamity impossible in our midst. And if we are unwilling to do Mr. CRAIN. The first Feder.al act. that, Mr. Chairman, I want to go a .step farther and say that I Mr. RAYNER. Yes, the first Federal act. This is the first one, would be in favor of suspending all immigration from in!ected and that was passed nearly one hundred years ago, and amounts ports until the danger from infection is passed. to absolutely nothing. It was never intended to be executed, There are two classes of immigrants coming to this country. and the only provision of consequence in it was a provision which .The one class has been and will continue to be a benefit and a permitted the President to remove the Government's offices here blessing to the country; the other is a detriment and .an injury. from the city of Washington, in case of danger, to some other This country was intended as an asylum for the downtrodden citv which was not infected. and the oppressed from every land who are in sympathy with our There has been nothing done under that act until 1878-no institutions. Butitneverwas contemplated thatourlandshould quarantine regulations-for nearly eighty years. Both of these become a place of refuge for those who do not believe in any es­ enactments followed epidemics of disaster, the yellow fever im­ tablished institutirms, who are the disciples of lawlessness, who mediately preceding the year 1799, and there having been also have been educated in the schools of disorder and anarchy, and ·an outbreak of yellow fever in 1878. The act of 1878, which was · who come here simply because they believe that this being a crudely and inartificially drawn, gave rise to the complication free country it will afford them a free opportunity to put their of last summer in New York, so much eo that the most distin­ pernicious principles into successful execution. guished counsel in the land had conflicting notions as to the We may as well, Mr. Chairman, have plain, candid words on powers of the Government under that act. At the end of that act the subject; and I have no fear about expressing my exact con­ was a provision which provided that nothing herein contained victions in reference thereto; because a number of these helpless shall conflict or interfere with the regulations of any State, etc. wanderers whom despotism has lashed over every frontier in This act did not provide for any consular or any other inspec­ Europe, and driven in on our shores, have my warmest and deep­ tion at ports of departure as the bill of the Chairman of the Com­ est sympathy in their distress. Robbed of their birthright, mittee on Immigration provides. unprotected by la.w, -punished and expatriated, they have l>een It does·not provide for anything except that the Federal of­ despoiled of their homes, forced from their sanctuaries, and sent ficials may assist the State officers in the execution of the law. as outlaws from place to place upon the face of the earth, simply That is about all that the act of 1878 provides for. Now, there for committing the crime of worshiping God according to the is only one more -act on the subject, and that is the act of 1890. traditions of theirfaith and the dictates of their own consciences. That act has not been brought to public attention as much as it I believe., ·sir, that every civilized nation on the face of the should ha-ve been. It provides that the President can put it int-o

c \

.::. 752 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

execution whenever cholera exists in the country. The act is If the States have not these regulations, then why not give very brief, and to show you how utterly inefficient it is for the the Government, if necessa ry, the right to make them. The purposes for which it was intended, I propose to read it to you. second portion of that section to which the g·entleman refer3 pro­ M~. HOOKER of Mississippi. What is the date of the act? vides that where these quarantine reg ulations are inefficient for Mr. RAYNER. The act was passed March 27, 1890. This act the purposes for which t hey were designed the Treasury Depart­ was entirely overlooked in the discussion last summer, I may say, ment can make rules and regulations t hat at•e needed. and the •reeasury officials in doing what they did at the port of Mr. DRAIN. Will you pardon me? The second portion of I New York are said to have overlooked some of the important section to which you refer authorizes the Secretary of the Treas­ ' provisions of this act. ury, if, in his judgment, the State r egulations upon this subject After the enacting clause the text of the act is as follows: are insufficient, to make such additional rules and regulations as That whenever it shall be made to appear to the President that cholera, he may desire to make; and if the municipal or State authorities b~~~fc!e~eSo~:~~i~ or plagues exist in any State or Territory or in the do not car ry out his suggestions, then t he President is author­ Whenever it shall be made to appear that it exist.s. It must ized to use the force of this country to carry them out. That is be made to appear that it exists before he can do anything . It making th9 Secretary of the Treasur·y a supreme court to pass may exist upon a vessel that comes across the ocean. It may ex­ upon legislation of the States. ist even in a port of entry, but it must actually exist within the Mr. RAYNER. Well, now-- territorial limits of a commonwealth before the President can Mr. BOWERS. Where the States fail or refuse to make such act or before the Federal authorities can act under this law, so regulations. as to avail themselves of it :~ provisions. Not only that. The act Mr. RAYNER. That leads us into a discussion-­ provides that the President is- Mr. CRAIN. It is the plain English. hereby authorized to cause the Secret ary of the Treasury to promulgate Mr. RAYNER. You are right a bout that; but let me answer such rules and regulations as in his judgment may be necessary to prevent that now. That leads us into a constitutional discussion a to the spread of such disease from one State into another. whether it would not be very much better for the Federal Gov­ Gentlemen have talked a great deal here about the enOJ.'mous ernment to assume the entire jurisdiction of this matter. powers t hat this act confers upon the Federal authorities, and Mr. CRAIN. Ah! have said that it enables a Federal inspector, for instanc3, if the Mr. RAYNER. I think it would be very much better. disease exists in some city in Texas or in Louisiana, to enter Mr. CRAIN. That may be true. there and blockade and barricade the city, but they have omit­ Mr. RAYN~R. Now, let me finish in my own way. ted and forgotten the fact that while this act gives no such power Mr. OATES. Will the gentleman permit me to ask him a thera is an act existing, the act of March 27, 1890, to which I am question? . · referring, that gives identically these powers! so far as they can Mr. RAYNER. I want to say to the gentleman from Texas be given under the Constitution of the United States. that I believe in as strict a construction of the Constitution as But that act, as I say, co~tains the unfortunate provision that he does; that I was trained by the strictest school in the con­ the President must be satisfied that the disease exis~ and then, struction of the Constitution, at the institution of learning that when he finds that it does exist, what can he do? tie can not Thomas Jefferson founded; but I never will believe in an in­ stop it. He can not pass any regulation, and the Treasury De­ terpretation of that instrument that wholly nullifies the inten­ partment can n ot pass any regulation that will take effect at the tion of the spirit of its framers, and that makes this Government port of entry, but he can take measures to prevent it from going of fully enumerated powers a feeble and a frail fabric to be hu­ from one State into another. Now, that act could never be car­ miliated and be trampled upon at the capricious bidding of any ried out. The Treasury officials knew t hey could not carry it of the members that compo.3e it. [Applause.] out. They never made the slightast effort to car ry out this act, Mr. CRAIN. But that has nothing to do with this bill. because it did not apply to the emergency which existed last Mr. RAYNER. Now, if the gentleman wants me to go on let me summer, or to the emergency with which we are threatened, say to ~m thatibelieve that this subjectof health is a vital sub­ and that is the appearance or the disease at a port of entry. ject, and if I did not so believe I would not be in favor of the Now that is the situation with reference to legislation upon Federal Government assuming jurisdiction over it. You have a this subject, with the exception of th e act of 1888, which estab­ right to declare war by the Conatitution, but you have no right, lishes certain Federal quarantine stations. There are only five according to your construction of the Constitution, to defend or six Federal quarantine stations in the United States. There against an enemy who can desolate your seaboard and convert is one, I think, at Cape Charles. There is another at the Dela­ your prosperous cities into a withering wilderness. You can, ware Breakwater. There is one at Ship Island-- under the Constitution, provide uniform laws for naturalization; Mr. STOCKDALE. Chandeliers I sland it is now. but according to the Texas construction you can not pass a uni­ ;tvlr. RAYNER. There is none in the State of New York, none form law of health. You can provide for the common defense, in the State of Massachusetts. There is no Federal quarantine but you cannot defend against an enemy that is more subtle than station in Louisiana. There is none in Texas. There is none any enemy that ever appeared in human form. in any of the maritime States with the exception of the stations I believe that under the Constitution the Government has the at the Delaware Breakwater and Cape Charles, and one or two absolute right to provide for the protection of the public health; other places which I have mentioned. and, ao far as Iamconcerned,Iam utterlyopposed to leaving this There is not in this bill a single word that gives the Govern­ to the con:fl.icting powers of forty-four different States. But I ment a single right to take possession of the quarantine stations. have accepted the Senate bill, not b3cause I like~ not because I want if I can to impress that upon gentlemen who, for reasons in all of its parts its meets with my approval. But I want to say no doubt satisfactory to themselves, are opposed to this bill. to the gentleman that when this portion comes up fo r consider­ Mr. CRAIN. Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman will permit ation t here are plenty of gentlemen who will move to amend it; me-- and there will be a motion made to strike out the very portion of The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman yield? this section he refers to. Mr. RAYNER. Certainly. · Mr. CRAIN. That is all right. Mr. CRAIN. Does the gentleman from Maryland deny the Mr. RAYNER. And we will take a vote of the House upon fact that in this bill the Secretary of the Treasury is made a su­ that, so that the House itself can pass upon it. But I want to p reme court to pass upon the legislation on quarantine subjects give the House my views, and that is that upon the ::;ubJ ect of of the Stat2s of this Union? quarantine and of public health I am in favsr of Federal legis­ Mr. RAYNER. I do not recognize that fact. lation. Mr. CRAIN. Then, if the gentleman will permit me-­ Mr. Chairman, let us go on a little further. This bill meets Mr. RAYNER. I know the section thatthe gentleman refers with t wo classes of objectors. to, which is section3. I was coming to that. I am going through Now, let us try to do something to oblige t hose who think it is the different sections of the bill in my own way. I was coming too strong, and also to oblige those who think it is too weak. I to that in a moment, but as you have asked the question, I may object to this bill b acause I think it is too weak, but I am per­ as well come to that now. Section 3 provides that the Federal fectly willing- to accept it. There are several gentlemen here Government shall make necessary rules and regulations where who think it ought to be much stronger. There are several there are no quarantine regulations. gentlemen here who think it ought t o be much weaker. After Now, let us look at that. There are some States of the Union four or five days' discussion in the Senate this bill was a1opted that have no quarantine regulations at all. There are-anumb2r as a-compromise measure; and, while it does not suit me in all of St3tes that have quarantine regulations about the impounding its parts, while it is not a perfect measure, rather than take the of cattle, and so forth, but some States of this Union have abso­ risk we are taking, I am willing to accept it, as it may be im­ lutely no quarantine regulations upon their statute books. This proved with amendments, as a compromis9 measure, in order to t.hird section provides, in the first portion of it, that in a case of meet the exigencies and the emergencies of the case. I will re­ that sort the Government may make necessary rules and regula­ fer to one other point, and then I will reserve the balance of my tions. time or yield the :floor. 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 753

Mr. STOCKDALE. Before the gentleman closes I would like Mr. CRAIN. I beg your pardon. If you will confine yourself him to explain the provisions in lines 10, 11, 12, and 13, on page 20. to a statement of your own ideas on the subject you may be cor­ Mr. RAYNER. I will come to that presently. I understood rect, but you have no right to submit to this House what you that the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. OATES] desired to ask think my view or my idea is. me a question. Mr. RAYNER. Well, what is the idea of the gentleman from Mr. OATES. I wish to ask the gentleman to yiald me some Texas? time. Mr. CRAIN. My idea is that the Secretary of the Treasury Mr. RAYNER. I will do so with pleasure. ought not to be permitted to override the regulations of the Mr. CRAIN. One more question before the gentleman sits States or municipalities. down. I understand that he agrees with me that that part of Mr. RAYNER. Who ought to be? section 3 ought to be stricken out. Mr. CRAIN. Why, Congress. Mr. RAYNER. No; you must not understand any such thing. Mr. RAYNER. Congress! That is a b eautiful idea! Just I do not agree with you at all. I never disagreed with anybody imagine! Is not that a lovely idea? Imagine cholera about to more in my life. [Laughter.] enter the city of New York next summer, and the gentleman Mr. CRAIN. You admit that the Secretary of the Treasury sitting at h is beautiful home in Texas undertaking to legislate has power to pass upon legislation, whether State or municipal, to prevent the cholera from entering that city. How can Con­ in regard to quarantine subjects. gress legislate? Mr. RAYNER. I do decidedly. Mr. CRAIN. There is no such provision in the bill. Mr. CRAIN. Therefore, to that extent you agree with me. Mr. RAYNER. Certainly there is not. you can not put in it a Mr. RAYNOR. I agree with you as to the construction of provision that Congress should legislate, because it would be per­ the statute. fectly impracticable and ridiculous. Mr. CRAIN. Now, what is there in this bill which provides Mr. CRAIN. But Congress can legislate-- for the keeping out of infectious or contagious diseases along Mr. RAYNER. Congress is legislating; but Congress can not the border between the State of Texas and Mexico? make rules and regulations to apply-- Mr. RAYNER. The gentleman from New York [Mr. WAR­ The CHAIRMAN. ThegentlemanfromMaryland [Mr. RAY­ NER] will at the proper time introduce an amendment to protect NER] will suspend for a moment. The Committee of the Whole the Mexican frontier and the Canadian frontier, and, as far as I will come to order so that gentlemen occupying the floor may be am able to do it, I have accepted that amendment; so that the heard. gentleman from Texas will be protected from cholera in his State. Mr. DINGLEY. I would like to put an inquiry to the gentle­ Mr. CRAIN. It is not cholera that we fear. man. Mr. RAYNER. Well, yellow fever, or anything else. I .don't Mr. RAYNER. I will yield in a moment. I want to settle know what you do have down there. [Laughter.J this question in the mind of the gentleman from Texas. How Mr. CHIPMAN. Will the gentleman from Maryland allow can Congress legislate with regard to the coming of cholera into me a question? the port of New York next summer? How can Congress possibly Mr. RAYNER. Yes, sir. know how to deal with a case of that sort? Mr. CHIPMAN. I understood the gentleman to say that the Mr. CRAIN. We can pass a general act. committee had adopted the Senate bill. Mr RAYNER. Is not this a general act? Mr. RAYNER. No, sir; we have not adopted the Senate bill. Mr. CRAIN. No, sir. Mr. CHIPMAN. Then I misunderstood the gentleman. Now, Mr. RAYNER. What is it? will you explain why you have reported certain changes in the Mr. CRAIN. Why, it proposes to deal with the matter in de­ bill passed by the Senate? I do not wish to interrupt you again, tail by conferring jurisdiction upon an officer of the Government so I will call your attention now to line 36, on page 16, as com­ to override State legislation. pared with the language on the same subject found on page 5 of Mr. RAYNER. Well, Mr. Chairman, that amounts to this-­ the Senate bill. I will also call your at tention-- Mr. CRAIN. Of c::>urse the gentleman can indulge in ridicule, Mr. RAYNER. There are a dozen di:fferen t changes from the if he pleases: but that is not answering my proposition. I want Senate bill, and there is no use in calling my attention to every him to understand that the people of my State may be seriously one of them. affected by this matter. I am anxious to join in the adoption of Mr. CHIPMAN. There is; because I wish to know what you a measure for ke ~ ping out infectious and contagious diseases. think of them. I call your attention to the changes made in ~1r. RAYNER. Your board of trade has unanimously in­ s;:ction 7, very important changes, which, in my judgment , radi­ structed you to vote for this bill. cally alter the meaning of·the Senate bill. I should be glad to Mr. CRAIN. That shows my independence. When I think hear the reasons for those changes. my board of trade wrong, I vote against it. Mr. RAYNER. The committee of conference reported the bill Mr. RAYNER. I think your board of trade knows more about that Senator HARRIS reported, identically the same measure. this question than you do. With all due deference I prefer to When this bill came up the oth"'r day in the House, I asked leave take the opinion of your board of trade on a question of this kind. to substitute the Senate bill, but, by an objection from the gen­ I would take the opinion of yourself and your colleague's on a tleman from New York, I was prevented from doing that. Thm·e constitutional question, but upon the subject of the cholera I are a number of differences between the Senate bill and this. prefer the opinion of the boa.rd of trade. The principal difference is that that bill appropriates a million Mr. CRAIN. If you are willing to take my opinion on consti­ dollars. tutional questions you will agree to the motion I propose to sub­ Now, I do not think we need a million dollara for this purpo3e. mit to strike out. I trust we shall not need any considerable amount of money; at Mr. RAYNER. Now, I hope the gentleman will let me go on. all events, not any such amountasthat, because there isalraady, I ask him to permit me t::> proceed. I understand, an epidemic fund in the hands of the President, Mr. DINGLEY. I would like to ask the gentleman a question. ..:.. which he can use, under the law, fOi· the purpose of m eeting an From what the gentleman from Maryland said a few moments emergency of this kind. That is the most radical difference be­ ago in r eply to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. CHIPMAN], I tween the Senate bill and ours, but there are other differences; understand that the gentleman from Maryland is in favor of the and as the bill will probably go into conference, and as the House Senate bill with certain modifications. Yet we have before us refused to permit us to substitute the Senate bill for the House the House bill with certain amendments. I wish to inquire why bill, the committee decided to pre: sent the bill in this form. But, the committee, the Senate bill having come to the House, did Mr. Chairman, the vital point is the one stated by the gentleman not call up that bill in order that we might take action upon it, from Texas; that is, whether or not you want to give the General and put it in such a parliamentary status as might bring the two Government the right, where the State regulations are inefficient, Houses into accord upon the same measure, instead of bringing to supplant them by making better regulations, which shall be before us an entirely new bill? efficient. Mr. RAYNER. I explained that matter a moment ago, but I Mr. CRAIN. I trust the gentleman will not misunderstand will explain it again. I asked. permission to do that very thing, me. I recognize the fact that Congress has power to legislate but objection was made, and it was not done. I could not do it upon this question, and also that the States have power to legis­ without unanimous consent. late in the absence of national legislation. There is no question Mr. DINGLEY. Could not the Senate bill have been sent to about that. But what I contend against is giving the power to the gentleman's committee instead of lying on the Speaker's the Secretary of the Treasury to override State legislation upon table, and could it not have been reportejl and called up? this subject. Mr. RAYNER. Itwastoolatetodothat. We dideverytning Mr. RAYNER. Oh, it is not the Secretary of the Treasury we could in the matter. The Senate bill came to this House upon that you object to. You object to the whole Federal Govern­ the very day that the report of our committee came ill. I was ment. If I were to amend that section by putting in the Presi­ afraid to ask the commitment of the Senate bill to the Commit­ dent and all the Cabinet office~s you would still object to it. tee on Commerce, because our bill might come up in the mean XXIV-48

·. / 754 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

time before the Senate bill could be reported. My purpose was to say now, as I desire to reserve the remainder of my time. It to ask the substitution of the Senate measure for the House bill..' has been said that there is no danger of this dread disease next the very thing which the gentleman from Maine thinks woula summer, and that we need not anticipate it. I want to say that have been the proper course. I did make that request; but the the concensus of medical opinion on the subject is that \-Vhen this gentleman from New York objected; so the Senate bill is not disease once commences in summer, and slumbers in winter, the now before the House. experience of the world shows that it is likely to break out a5rain

I • Mr. DINGLEY. But you could have accomplished that result during the following heated season. Follow the track of this by referring it to your committee and reporting it back again. disease where it starts in the tropical regions of Central Asia, Mr. RAYNER. Certainly, and if I had known that anything in where sanitary science is absolutely unknown, and whence it the way oi objection was going to be urged to my request, I might finds its way to the great capitals of Europe, notwithstanding have done so. But I did not think that such a reasonable request every effort has been made to restrain its dread progress. would have met with an objection. Last summer, without a moment's warning, it entered the Now, I hope I may be permitted to go on for the purpose of gates of one of the fairest cities of Europe, and during months explaining this bill. In the first place let me say that if the Sec­ of untold anguish and sorrow it strode like a destroying angel retary of the Treasury is not to be the judge, who is to be? Sup­ from door to door and home to home of her affiicted people. The pose that you have a State regulation which is inefficient and highways of traffic were closed. Commerce was prostrated and that there is a Federal regulation on the same subject; who is to a half a million of human beings were isolated from intercourse judge which is to be enforced? If the gentleman objects to the with mankind. The slightest precaution woUld have avoided Secretary of the Treasury having this power>, he can put it in this catastrophe. · the hands of the President of the United States to appoint any I believe in preventive rather than remedial measures, and I one else. But his point is that Congress shall make rules and call upon this House not to adjourn without heeding the appeal regulations. that comes to us from almost every school of medicine, from every How can Congress make rules and regulations? Congress can chamber of commerce, from every board of trade, from every only pass a general bill giving the officials in charge the right board of health to guard the coast, and to at least place in the to make such rules and regulations as will meet the aspects of hands of the hospital service of the revenue marine the right to the case as they may arise. We can not take into consideration pass rules and regulations with which a State shall have no more a subject that does not exist. We do not know what rules and right of interference than the militia of a State would have the regulations we will require, because sometjmes rules and regu­ right to interfere with the regular Army in protecting our coast lateons applicable to one disea.se do not apply to another. We from the invasion of a foreign foe. _ do not know whether we want a vessel disinfected or not, or sent If the House desires to know my opinion upon it, I tell you very from one station to another~ or whether the people on board are frankly that I am opposed to leaving it to the States. That only to be disinfected and quarantined. That is to be left to the offi­ means conflict and contention. But more than that, I am op­ cer who, under the statutes of the United States, would have posed to presenting to our people the awful policy of inaction. charge of the subject. He inust make such local rules and regu­ If the blight of this scourge should come upon us, in those hours lations as will meet the case. of despair when the whole world shall become our enemy, when Now, there are one or two other sections of this bill to which its hospitable shores are closed upon us, when there is no hope I want to allude briefly. Referring to the first section again and no relief till nature runs her deadly course, exhausted by there certainly can be no objection to that. It provides for a the number of victims that she has gathered for her sacrifice, I method of procedure. The Senate bill provides for a consular for one would never have forgiven myself, if, when the oppor­ inspection. There can be no objection to that, and I understand tunity was presented, I had not at leastsoundedanalarm which, the chairman of the Committee on Immigration will offer an however feeble it may be, may have possibly awakened us to a amendment to this bill providing for an inspection at the ports proper sense of our responsibility and may have rescued the of departure, and certainly there will be no objection to that. homes of our countrymen from the perils of this affi.iction. [Ap­ Mr. CRAIN. Will the gentleman allow me-­ plause.] Mr. RAYNER. I decline to be interrupted. I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. CRAIN. I thoughtyou said you were willing to haveany Mr. MALLORY. Mr.Chairman,I have listened witha great gentleman ask questions for information? deal of pleasure to the remarks of the eloquent gentleman from Mr. RAYNER. Any gentleman; yes. But you are the same Maryland [Mr. RAYNER], and I am in full accord-- gentleman who has been asking_me questions all along and con­ Mr. RAYNER. Is the gentleman occupying my time? suming my time. Mr. MALLORY. I am occupying my own time. l\1r. CRAIN. I will yield you my hour. Mr. RAYNER. I have reserved the balance of my time and Mr. RAYNER. You have no hour to yield. promised to yield to several other gentlemen. Mr. CRAIN. Am I not a member of the committee? Mr. MALLORY. I am in opposition to some features of this Mr. RAYNER. Yes. bill. Mr. CRAIN. Then every member of the committee has a Mr. RA. YNER. I simply wanted to know the situation with right to an hour if he desires it. reference to time. Mr. RAYNER. I think there is no such rule. There are Mr. MALLORY. Mr. Chairman, as I was proceeding to say, seventeen members of the committee, and that would take seven­ I am in full accord with the gentleman in the view that he takes teen hours. as to most of this bill. I believe that there is an urgent neces­ Mr. CRAIN. Is the gentleman willing to submit to a ques­ sity at this moment for Congress to take active and efficient tion propounded, not for the purpose of retarding the bill, but measures for the purpose of preventing the invasion of an epi­ ior information ? demic, and I think, sir, that this bill indicates that it has been Mr. RAYNER. Yes. most carefully considered and weighed well by those qualified Mr. CRAIN. Why limit this to a medical officer of the Gov­ to do so. ernment? Why limit the discretion of the President? So far as the question of maritime quarantine is concerned I Mr. RAYNER. Well, I imagine a medical officer will be nec­ am in favor of all of the features of this bill. I believe it is essary. Lawyers can not do the work. What kind of an officer within the power of Congress, under that clause of the Constitu­ do you wantr tion that gives it the right to regulate commerce, to enact all Mr. CRAIN. But why limit the discretion of the President measures that are necessary for the purp63e of preventing the to the selection of a medical officer of the Government? Why importation of diseases to our shores and across our borders; and not allow him to choose from persons outside of the Government if this bill were confined to that alone, I would do all that my service? Chamber of Commerce and my city council have telegraphed me . Mr. RAYNER. Ohl I have no objection to that. He can requesting me to do, namely, to cast my vote fo r the measure. -· appoint wherever he finds a fit person. That is a matter of de­ But, sir, there is a fe ature in this bill which I do not think we tail. But when he appoints an officer for this duty he becomes should allow to pass without at least some criticism. I refer to an officer of the Government, anyhow. a portion of the third section. Now we come to the fifth sectionand the sixth, which provide Under that portion of the third s3ction to which I refer the for certa1 n s tatis tical information. There is no objection to them, Secretary of the Treasury is given power to prescribe rules and and the only objection now, as I understand it, is to the fourth relJ'ulations, and State and municipal sanitary authorities are section of the bill. · e~powered to enforce them if they desire; but in the event of Now, I want gentlemen to determine whethet~ or not they are State and municipal sanitary authorities failing or refusing to willing to give the public officers of the Government the right enforce them, then the P resident is armed with power to a pp)int to make rules and regulations where there are none, or where Federal officials for the purpose of carrying out those provisions. they are inefficient, and make them the judges of the insuffi­ These provisions, Mr. Chairman, relate to inhibitions upon in­ ciency in such rules and regulations as may exist. tercourse between the States. Now, I will go as far as any gen­ A word more, Mr. Chairman, and I will conclude what I have tleman who professes to entertain demoeratic principles, in giv- • 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ... ing the Federal Government ample power in this matter; but, Now, in this bill there are some good provisions; but the bill sir, do what I could, I have failed, after a careful examination is gotten up {pardon the form of expression) wrong enQ. foremost. of the situation and into the judicial decisions bearing upon this It puts the Federal Government in the lead, and allows it to con­ point. to find any authority in Congress to say that a citizen of trol this matter of quarantine regulation, when it has no power the State of New York, not engaged in commerce, not in any to do anything of the kind. It should follow and give aid to the way connected with commerce, can have the heavy hand of the States; but it can not take the lead of the States. Federal Government laid upon his shoulder and be compelled to Mr. BOUTELLE. Follow the cholera through the States! abide in the State of New York against his will. [Laughter.] Is that what the gentleman means? That it should That is a power we all concede to the States. The State of follow the cholera through the States? [Laughter.] New Jersey can inhibit the passage of a citizen of New York Mr. OATES. If you will take your seat and behave yourself, across the Hudson River. The State of Kentucky can prohibit I will tell you what Chief Justice Marshall said in delivering the the passage of a citizen of Ohio across the Ohio River. But, sir, decision of the Supreme Court, and you will be better informed I say there is nowhere in the Constitution nor in any of the de­ than you are now. [Laughter.] cisions that Q.ave been rendered by the tribunals in this land Mr. BOUTELLE. But Chief Justice Marshall might not be upon this question that you can put your finger upon a single on hand to deal with the cholera. [Laughter.] utterance or intimation that gives that power to the President Mr. OATES. Then I will give you a later one, delivered by or to Congress. one of your own party, and you will stand on that, I suppose, That, Mr. Chairman, is my special objection to this bill. I cholera or no cholera. [Laughter.] - appreciate, as I have said, the necessity of our entering upon In the case of Gjbbons vs. Ogden, many years ago, this question legislation of this character at this time. I think there is no came up and the court held: State in the Univn that has had a sadder experience of the ne­ That inspection laws may have a remote and considerable influence on cessity of some general legislation of this character than the commerce will not be denied; but that a power to regulate commerce is the State which I have the honor in part to represent here. source from which the right to pass them is derived can not be admitted. Year after year our shores have been invaded by pestilence. The gentleman from Maryland [Mr. RAYNER] contended, and Year after year the Legislature has been battling with it, and other gentlemen who differ with him as to the details of the bill passing law after law endeavoring to reach a point whereby the have contended, that under the power to regulate commerce sanitary condition of our country could be preserved; and I, who you may make quarantine regulations. You can not do it. figured somewhat in the legislation of those days, long since Mr. RAYNER. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a reached the conclusion that so far as American quarantine is question? · concerned it is in the power of the United States Government to Mr. OATES. Not now; later on. impose or establish rules and regulations as stringent as may be, Mr. RAYNER. Will you not give me the name of the case and that in the end it will prove to be for the benefit of the com­ you are quoting? munity. But, sir, I think that before we indorse the principle Mr. OATES. I will treat you as you treated me. I am read­ i that is embodied in this portion of the third section, to which I ing from the case of Gibbons vs. Ogden. have referred, before we open the door to the exercise of Federal Mr. RAYNER. Oh, I do not think there is anyone in this power any more than it has been, notwithstanding the fact that House that does not knew all about that case. the appeal is a most urgent one, notwithstanding the fact that Mr. OATES. I think you are perhaps about the only excep­ eloquence can be poured upon us and every argument that ora­ tion. [Laughter.] tory can employ can be ably employed, I say that we will be rec­ Mr. HAYNER. I have gone over thatcaseprobably one hun­ reant to our duty if we pass this bill in the form in which it is dred times. presented. Mr. OATES. Well, you did not read it to much purpose, Mr. Chairman, I believe that our powers are limited by the judging from your remarks this evening. The court proceeds: Constitution, and unless authority is granted either directly or The object of inspection laws is to improve the quality of articles pro­ duced by the labor of a country; to fit them for exportation, or, it may be, by reasonably necessary implication, I for one, sir, shall not pass for domestic use. They act upon the subject before it becomes an article of beyond what I believe to be the limitations prescribed in that foreign commerce, or of commerce among the States, and prepare it for that instrument. Pltl!"POSe. They form a portion of that immense mass of legislation which embraces everything Within the territory of a State not surrendered to the 1 yield ten minutes to the gentleman from Alabama[Mr.OATES]. General Government; all which can be most advantageously exercised by Mr. OATES. Mr. Chairman, I q,uite agree with the gentle­ the States themselves. Inspection laws, quarantine laws, health laws of man from Maryland [Mr. RAYNERJ that it is desirable to keep every description as well as laws for regulating the internal commerce of a State and those which respect turnpike roads, ferries, etc., are component out an invasion of cholera, and also of anarchists and communists. parts of this mass. I quite agree that lt is. right and proper for Congress to do No direct general power over these objects is granted to Congress, and whatsoever it has authority to do to these ends. But when the consequently they remain subject to State legislation. If the loglslattve ., power of the Union can reach them it must be for national purposes; it gentleman, proclaiming himself a Jeffersonian Democrat, talks must be where the power is expressly given for a special purpose or is clearly about Congress " a~suming" the power to do anything, there we incidental to some power which is expressly given. It is obvious that the - part company. Congress can not '' assume " to do anything. It Government of the Union, in the exercise of its express powers, that, for example, of regulating commerce with foreign nations and among the·States, derives all of its power to act in all cases from the Constitution; may use means that may also be employed by a State in the exercise of its and the Supreme Court of the United States, in every decision r~~~:~.dged powers-that, for example, of regulating commerce within that was ever made touching the question, has so emphatically If Congress license vessels to sail from one port to another in the same declared. State, the act is supposed to be, necessarily, incidental to the power ex­ Mr. RAYNER. Does the gentleman say that I said that Con­ pressly granted to Congress, and implies no claim of a direct power to regu­ gress could pass an unconstitutional law? late the purely internal commerce of a State, or to act directly on its syst-em of police. So, if a State in passing laws on subjects acknowledged to be Mr. OATES. You say that you are in favor of Congress "as­ within its control, and with a view to those subjects, shall adopt a measure suming" the power to extend its quarantine over States in the of the same character with one which Congress may adopt, it does not derive absence of any grant to that end. its authority from the particular power which has been granted, but from some other, which remains with the State and may be executed by the same Mr. RAYNER. "Assuming" it under the Constitution, and means. as far as the Constitution allows it. All experience Bhows, that the same measures, or measures scarcely dis­ Mr. OATES. That is not the claim you made. That is not tinguishable from each other, may flow from distinct powers; but this does the ground you took. You claimed that Congress had the right not prove that the powers themselves are identical. Although the means used in their execution may sometimes. approach each other so nearly as to to "assume" the power, and that in States where there was no be confounded; there are other situations in which they are sufficiently dis­ quarantine regulation or an insufficient one in the opinion of a tinct to establish their individuality. Federal official, that the Government should take the authority. In our complex system, presenting the rare and dlffi.cult scheme of one General Government, whose action extends over the whole, but which pos· Mr. RAYNER. I withdraw the word "assume." sesses only certain enumerated powers; and ofnumerousState governments, Mr. OATES. The gentleman has no right to" assume" that which retain and exercise all powers not delegated to the Union, contests re­ Congress can assume jurisdiction when the Constitution has not specting power must arise. Were it even otherwise, the measures taken by the respective governments to execute their acknowledged powers would given it. often be of the same description, and might, sometimes interfere. This, how­ Mr. BOUTELLE. The word "assume" is all right. ever, does not prove that the one is exercising, or has a. right .to exercise, Mr. OATES. The Congress of the United States, under the the powers of the other. Constitution, has no jurisdiction to enact quarantine or health o1~e~;~~\~fe ~~xr;;~s &>;;~~~e~;~;~gn\~rrii~~ii~~~lfs~~ &~~~:~J~: laws overruling the laws of the States. of the quarantine and health laws of a State, proceed, it is said, upon the Mr. RAYNER. Why, the Supreme Court has decided that idea. that these laws are constitutional. It is undoubtedly true that they do question, if the gentleman will allow me. proceed upon that idea; and the constitutionality of such laws has never, so far as we are informed, been denied. But they do not imply an acknowledg­ ...... Mr. OATES. I know what the decision is, and I am going to ment that a State may rightfully regulate commerce with foreign nations - give it to you. or among the States; for they do not imply that such laws are an exercise Mr. RAYNER. What case have you? of that power, or enacted with a view to U. Mr. OATES. Never mind, you will find out if you will keep The General Government does not derive authority in this mat­ 'your seat and behave yourself. [Laughter.] ter from the poweJ• to regulate commerce among the States.

I . ·. ( . 756 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

Congress is simply authorized to aid in the execution of the risdiction. Congress has no authority except such as it de).'ives health laws of the State. The court continues: from the Constitution; my friend knows that well. Congress On the contrary, they are treated as quarantine and health laws, are so de­ has, as I stated awhile ago, jurisdiction to enact laws affecting nominated in the acts of Congress, and are considered as flowing from the ac­ commerce on the high seas and affecting vessels in our ports and a.cknowledged power of a State to provide for the health of its citizens. But as it was apparent that some of the provisions made for this purpose, and in virtue in the navigable waters of the United States. Within that prov­ . \ of this power, might interfere with, and be al'lected by the laws of the United ince the States have no jurisdiction as a matter of course. States, made for the regulation of commerce, Congress, in that spirit of har­ Mr. BOATNER. I entirely agree with the gentleman in his mony and conciliat·ion which ought always to characterize the conduct of governments stanoing in the relation which that of the Union and those of argument; but I simply want to call his attention to the fact the States bear to each other, has directed its offl.cers to aid in the execution that the position has been taken and attempted to be maintained of these laws. that whatever Congress may declare to be an obstacle to inter­ Now, that decision is affirmed in a later case, reported in 19 state or foreign commerca becomes thereby such an obstacle, Wallace. and consequently Congress may legislate with regard to it as it Mr. LIND. Will t.he g .:mtleman yield for a question? pleases. Mr. OATES. I will. Mr. OATES. If that be so, then whatever Congress rna,. de­ Mr. LIND. I believe the decision just cited by the gentle­ termine is to be accepted as an absolute fact, and there is no man was not rendered upon a case where Congress had assumed check or limit upon its authority. Whereas, on the contrary, to exercise this jurisdiction, was it? the United States is a government of enumerated and limited Mr. OATES. Not precisely. powers. I am surprised that my friend's Democracy allows him Mr. LIND. It was rendered, as I understand, in a case where to take any such position as that. Congress had simply provided for concurrent action. Mr. BOATNER. I say to the gentleman that I do not in­ Mr. OATES. My friend, as I infer from his question, is as­ dorse the proposition at all. · I have simply called his attention suming that the case I have cited does not decide the question to that proposition because it is now maintained in the other which I contend it does decide. end of the Capitol, and I desire to know the gentleman's views Mr. LIND. Only indirectly. upon it. Mr. OATES. Now, I propoJ>e to settle the question by citing Mr. OATES. I thought my friend from Louisiana was too the case of Peete vs. Morgan, l9 Wallace, page 582. In that case learned a lawyer and statesman to make that kind of a blunder, the court, in an opinion delivered by Mr. Justice Davis, said: and thank him for the compliment he pays me. That the power to establish quarantine laws rests with the States, and [Hera the hammer fell.] bas not been surrendered to the General Government, is settled in Gibbons Mr. MALLORY. I reserve the remainder of my time. va.Ogden. Mr. RAYNER. I ask unanimous consent that the general de­ That answers the 'gentleman's question. bate be limited now. The committee has this day only, and of Mr. LIND. But that is a dictum, is it not? course this bill will be killed if we adjourn without action Mr. OATES. Well, the Supreme Court of the United States upon it. answers the gentleman'squestion. Mr. CUMMINGS. I shall object unless I can have a limited Mr. LIND. It is a dictum, nevertheless. time. Mr. OATES. The gentleman may consider it a dictum; but Mr. RAYNER. I will give you the time you desire. the Supreme Court does not. I ask unanimous consent that the debate be now closed and Mr. LIND. I ask the gentleman whetherhedoesnot consider the bill be takan up for consideration under the five-minute rule. ita dictum? Mr. COCKRAN. One moment before consent is given, Mr. Mr. OATES. No; I am not wiser than the Supreme Court of Chairman. What is the effect of that motion? Would it pre­ the United States. clude the offering of amendments? Mr. LIND. I think it is clearly obitet dictum. Mr. RAYNER. Not at all. It permits the offering of amend­ Mr. OATES. No; I do not so consider it, and the Supreme ments and limited debate upon them. Court of the United States did not so consider it. On the con­ Mr. COCKRAN. I have no objection. trary, I have just rea:l the language of the court, in which it de­ The CHAIRMAN. If there be no objection, general debate clared without dissent, in a unanimous opinion, that the court will be considered as closed and the bill will be read by sections. in Gibbons vs. Ogden did so decide. In this case of Peete vs. T];lere was no objection. · Morgan the opinion of the court continues: The Clerk read as follows: The source of this power is in the acknowledged right of a State to pro­ SECTION 1. That it shall be unlawful for any merchant ship or other ves­ vide for the health of its people, and although this power, when set in mo­ sel from any foreign port or p:ace to enter any port of the United States ex­ tion, may in a greater or less degree aiiect commerce, yet the laws passed cept in a~cordance with the provisions of this act and with such rules and in the exercise of this power are no~ enacted for such an object. regulations of State a.nd mumcipal health authorities as may be made in pursuance of, or consistent with, this act: a.nd any such vessel which shall Now, I concade that it is competent for Congress to enacj; leg­ enter, or attempt to enter, a port of the United States in violation thereof islation in aid of the health laws of the States; but I deny the shall forfeit to tho United States a sum, to be awarded in the discretion of proposition that Congress can override or annul the authority of the court, not exceeding $5,000, which shall be a lien upon said vessel, to be re ~overed by proceedings in the proper district court of the United States. the State within its own territory in respect to quara.ntine and In all such proceedings the United States district attorney for such district health laws. shall appear O!l behalf of the United States; and all such proceedings shall [Here the hammer fell.] be conducted in accordance with the rules and laws governing cases of seiz· ure of vessels for violation of the revenue laws or the United States. Mr. MALLORY. I yield three minutes more to the gentle­ SEc. 2. Th;tt all vessels at foreign ports clearing for any port or place in man. the United S tates shall be required to obtain from the consul, vice-consul, Mr. OATES. I deny the proposition that Congress has the or other consular officer of the United States at the port of departure, or from the medical officer where such officer has been detailed by the Presi­ right tp enact any law to override the laws of the States or to dent for tha.t purpose, a bill of health, in duplicate, in the form prescribed assume to exercise quarantine power and health-regulating power by the Secretary of the •rreasury, sett·ing forth the sanitary history and within the bordeJ'S of the States. You can not find in the Con­ condition of said vessel, and that it has in all respects complied with the rules and regulations in such cases prescribed for securing the best sanitary stitution any provision granting such power. It therefore is a condition of the said vessel, its c.1rgo, passengers, and crew; and said consul part of the b~dy of police power reserved to the States. or medical officer is required, before granting such duplicate bill of health, It does not make any difference that a supposed necessity may to be satisfied that the matters and things therein stated are true; and for his services in that behalf he shall be enr.itled to demand and receive such arise for the exercise of this power on the part o£ the General fees as shall by lawful reg;ulat:.on be allowed, to be accounted for as is re­ Government. I am not discussing the question whether it would quired in other cases. have been wiser to vest this power in Congress than in the States. The President, in his discretion, is authorized to detail any medical officer of the Government to serve in the office of the consul at any foreign port or I am discussing the question as to where the power is lodged and ports for t.he purpose of furnishing information and making the inspection what rights Congress has over the subject, for whatever may be and giving the bills of health hereinbefore mentioned. Any vessel clearing the supposed necessity we have no right to usurp Rower, or, in and sailing from any such port without such bill of health, and entering any port of the United States, :;hall forfeit to the United States not more than the language of the gentleman from Maryland, 'assume" it. $5,0;)(), the amount to be determined by the court, which shall be a lien on the We have gotten on pretty wellfor more than a century without same, to be recovered by proceedings in the proper district court of the any such legislation as this bi1l proposes, and I do not see any United States. In all such proceedings the United States district attorney for such district shall appear on behalf of the UniLed States; and all such very great necessity for the enactment into law of any of its pro­ proceedings shall be conducted in accordance with the l'Ules and laws gov­ visions. erning cases of seizure of vessels for violation of the revenue laws of the Mr. BOATNER. I would like to ask the gentleman a ques­ United States. tion. Suppose that Congress by legislative declaration should Mr. STUMP. I offer an amendment to this second section. decide that the danger of the introduction of infectious disease The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment of was an impediment to interstate and foreign commerce, would the gentleman from Maryland. that legislative declaration be subject to review in the courts or The Clerk read as follows: would it be conclusive of the question? After the words "port or ports," in line 20 of the bill, on page 14, insert Mr. OATES. That would depend on the facts of the case. "during the prevalence of any dangerous, contagious, or infectious epidemic Congress has certain jurisdiction and the States have certain ju- in such port or ports.·• 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 757

Mr. WISE. I have no objection to the amendment, as far as Now, it is provided by this amendment that after having un­ I am concerned. dergone the quarantine abrcad and the quarantine of the voy­ The amendment was adopted. age, immigrants .shall not be subjecteCL to another quarantine un­ Mr. MALLORY. I have an amendment which I desire to less there is danger from some infectious disease aboard which offer to section 2, if in order at this time. has been developed during the voyage. All that this intends is ' ... The CHAIRMAN. The amendment will be read. to prevent the immigrant who has undergone the quarantine I The Clerk read as follows: speak of, of from five to seven days abroad, and also the quaran­ In line 5 of section 2, after the word "detailed," insert the words ••or ap­ tine on the voyage, from being again subjected toanotherquar­ pointed;" so that it will read: "where such offl.cer has been detailed or ap­ antine here without any necessity for it, upon his arrival. pointed by the President of the United States." Mr. COCKRAN. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a Mr. WISE. I have no objection. question? The amendment was adopted. Mr. STUMP. Certainly. Mr. MALLORY. I offerafurtheramendment, Mr. Chairman. Mr. COCKRAN. Under the operation of that amendment, The Clerk read as follows: the immigrant, having undergone the seven days' quarantine at After the word "Government,., in line 19, insert "or appoint any other medicalman;"sothatitwillread: "The President in his discretion is au­ the point of departure, would be absolutely entitled to entry at thorized to detail any medical omcer of the Government, or appoint any the point of discharge, unless the Federal authorities .acting un­ other medical man, to serve, etc." ' der this bill held that thera was some danger from infectious The amendment was adopted. disease developed during the progress of the voyage? '. Mr. STUMP. I now offer an amendment to come in immedi­ Mr. STUMP. So I understand. ately after secti.on 2, which I ask to have read . . Mr. COCKRAN. So that there would be no State quarantine •' The Clerk read as follows: at all? Be it enacted, etc., That from and after the 1st day of March, 1893, and until Several MEMBERS. None at all. otherwise directed by the Secretary of the Treasury, no alien immigrant Mr. COCKRAN. Mr. Chairman, I desire to say a word in re­ shall be permitted to land at any port in the United States who has not been ation to thisamendment. We have the sta~ementof the author quarantined at the port of departure for from five to seven days immediately preceding the day or embarkation. Such quarantine shall be strict and thor­ of it [Mr. STUMP] that it means the total abolition of State quar­ ough, and apply to the person, clothing, and baggage of each, under such antine, the total abolition of all municipal or State precaution~ rules, regulations, requirements, and conditions as said Secretary may deem for the protection of municipalities from disease brought across proper, making use or the most approved appliances and methods to detect, develop, and eradicate all epidemic, contagious, and infectious diseases. the seas. That before embarkation the vessel shall be thoroughly cleansed, fumigated, Mr. STUMP. I am afraid the_gentleman has misunderstood and inspected, and after embarkation the surgeon of the vessel shall make a me. daily inspection of tbe immigrant passengers thereon, and upon arrival ren­ der a report as to the sanitary condition of each immigrant to the health Mr. COCKRAN I certainly have misunderstood the gentle­ omcer at the port of entry. man if that is not the effect of his statement. Nor do I see, un­ It shall be the duty of any person, or a member or any partnership, or der that act, how the State authorities could interfere at all for agent of any corporation engaged in transporting alien immigrants to the United States, and such person, member, or agent is hereby required to the protection of the public health. Under this amendment make oath before the United States consul at the port of departure that every immigrant must undergo this quarantine in the port of such quarantine station as the Secretary of the Treasury shall require has departure, and having been subjected to it he has the absolute been established, and the medical officer detailed by the President, as pro­ vided in section 2 of this act., shall furnish a list, in duplicate, of all alien right to discharge at the port of entry unless some danger shall immigrants permitted to embark on each vessel, that all and eact. of the have developed during the voyage, which danger must become rules, regulations, requirements, and conditions relating to each immigrant apparent to the Federal authorities mentioned in the bill re­ have been strictly and faithfully complied with, and thatnoonehas beenre­ leased from said quarantine and permitted to embark who has any taint or ported by the committee. This, I understand, will be the practi­ · suspicion of any dangerous epidemic disease, contagious or infectious, that cal operation of the amendment. can be ascertained by known medical science, one of which lists shall be de­ Mr. STUMP. There are other sections in the bill which will livered by the commanding ofiicer of the ves:>el to the commissioner of im­ migration at the port of arrival of said vessel, and the other shall be re­ cure that seeming defect. tained by said consul. Mr. RAYNER. It is provided that they shall not come in The United States consul at said port shall inspect said quarantine station except subject to State regulations. from time to time and report its condition and management to the Secretary ol the Treasury. And should the owner or owners of any vessel will!ully Mr. COCKRAN. If the amendment be adopted there would violate any of the provisions of this section, no alien immigrant shall be not be any opportunity for the enforcement of State regulations, permitted to land in the United States from any vessel owned or operated that I can see. · by him or them without the special permission of the Secretary of the Treasury, upon such conditions as he may impose; and the owner or owners But if the gentleman will pardon me, I want to state another of any vessel bringing alien immigrants who have not been quarantined as and more serious objection to this amendment, and one that, it required by this act shall be fined the sum of $5,000, which fine shall be im­ seems to mer ought to commend itself to the common sense of posed and enforced in accordance with the pro~sions of existing law, and · shall be a lien upon said vessE)l, and said vessel shall riot be.allowed· to leave every member of the House. port until it is paid or approved security given for such payment. We have- here a provision that every person who seeks to come And if it shall appear to said health omcer that all of said immigrant pas­ this country, whether be sail from an infected port or from a sengers have undergone the said quarantine at the port of departure, and to are entirely free from all contagious or infectious diseases, and that said port free from infectious disease, must undergo seven days im­ vessel, cargo, and other passengers are also free from said diseases, it shall prisonment at the hands of the steamship companies befora he is be the duty of said health omcer to cause said immigrant passengers to be eligible to prosecute his voyage. Now the practical operation of landed without further detention; and no vessel, passengers, or cargo enter­ ing port shall be subjected to a second quarantine or inspection by any this section, ifitgo into force, will be that no decent man will sub­ health omcer, State or Federal, after having undergone a first quarantine mit to the regulation, and the man whose arrival in this country or inspection by either State or Federal otncials. would be advantageous to the community will decline to embark Mr. RAYNER. As far as I am concerned, I am willing to under such conditions, while those who are forced from their accept this entire amendment. It seems to relate to the disin­ ·homes under the operation of circumstances that reflect upon fection of vessels and passengers at the port of departure. their own characters, whose condition will not permit them to The CHAIRMAN. What is the statement of the gentleman decide for themselves whether they shall depart or stay, will from Maryland? submit to this or any other provision that you may choose to Mr. RAYNER. I say, asfar as! am concerned, I am willing adopt. Instead of improving the character of immigration -to to accept the amendment. Of course I can not bind the House. this country by a device of this character, you will degrade it, Mr. DINGLEY. I would like to ask the gentleman from because you will impose conditions to which honest and respect­ Maryland if the last portion of the amendment which has been able men will not submit. read, which does not appear in the printed bill and is an a1di­ That this amendment should apply to every port in the world tion thflreto, does not practically nullify all the other provisions? is in itself, it appears to me, a statement of its own absurdity. Mr. RAYNER. I do not so understand it. If you intend to limit its application to infected ports, it does not Mr. DINGLEY. It provides that an immigrant, having been go fa.r enough. I am willing to vote here for an amendment that subjected in a foreign country to such quarantine as the owners will prohibit all immigration from any infected port; but I am of the vessel may think proper, shall be admitted into this coun­ opposed to this amendment, because it applies alike to the in­ try without any further. quarantine. fected and the uninfected, and because it will enable the steam· Mr. RAYNER. That can be remedied by providing that it ship companies to add the cost of this quarantine to the cost of shall be subject to such rules and regulations as the Treasury passage, thus forcing the honest, healthy, and vigorous men who Department may provide. seek to come here, the class of men whose immigration should Mr. STUMP. Thisamendmentprovidesthateveryimliligrant be encouraged, to suffer an unnecessary, expensive, and degrading shall be obliged, before he can take passage on a ship coming to indignity, if it be adopted by this House. . this country, to have his clothing and baggage disinfected, and The quarantine described in this amendment does not enter in the immigrant himself must be put in quarantine for from five any way into the scheme of the bill present3d by the Committee to seven days. Then in addition to that, we have the actual on Interstate Commerce. Here we have an act which provides quarantine of, say, seven to twelve days in coming across the for a quarantine system to be administered in some respecte by ocean. the States and in other respects by the United States. Gentle- .. r ;. \

758 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

men may differ as t thoroughly cleansed after leaving the infected vessel, were kept in very uncomfor­ a.nd disinfected, and carefully isolated and watched for at least five days be­ tore they are p6rmitted to take passage. This careful inspection or all the table quarters? I cannot see that the argument of the gentleman passengers should be made daily, during the entire voyage, by the medlca.l from New York does not prove as much against quarantine at offlcers of the ship, and their nurses and their assistants, so that the first the port of entry as against quarantine at the port of departure. evidences or the disease may be rtetected and the disease it.selt arrested. Mr. COCKRAN. The gentleman evidently misunderstands

ljC ... " " " " " my position in this matter. I would not object to a seven days' If this effici~nt plan can be properly carried out in every port ot entry on quarantine in an infected port. I would not object to a fifty days' this continent we can certainly prevent an invasion of cholera. quarantine in an infected port. I would not object to a total ex­ Mr. COCKRAN. Then tllat applie3 to all ports, infected or clusion of emigrants from an infected port; but I do object to im­ not infected? posing seven days' imprisonment upon every man who starts for Mr. STUMP. I will state what the application of this bill is this country from another country. no matter whether he comes when I can get a copy of the bill. from a port that is free from infection or from a port that is suf­ Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I submit, Mr. Chairman, that fering from infection. the gentleman should turn his face to the Speaker, so that we Mr: COMPTON. Take a case of this kind. Suppose an in­ can hear what he says. t erior city is afflicted with cholera, and a citizen of that city The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. comes to a city on the coast and seeks to emigrate, how would The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Massachusetts, but the gentleman determine here in any such case that the indi­ the gentleman will suspend until order is restored, vidual was or was not from an infected port? Would he deter­ Mr.LODGE. Mr. Chairman, I think there can be no doubt­ mine it simply by the fact that the port of departure on the coast Mr. STUMP. Has my time expired? was declared to be exempt from infection? · Mr. LODGE. I understand that it has; and the Chair recog­ Mr. OOCKRAN. My answer to that is that for one hundred nized me. vear3 the immigration into this country has continued without The OHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Mary­ any of the dangers or evil consequences which the gentleman land had expired. dreads. If we are called upon here to legislate to meet an ex­ Mr. GEISSENHAINER. I ask that the time of the gentle­ traordinary-situation let us legislate with reference to that, but man from Marvland be extended. I object to this amendment because it is an attempt to subject all Mr. LODGE: Mr. Ohairman, there can be no doubt that the transatlantic travel in the steerage, whether it be from places ...· surest way of preventing the introduction of cholera into the infected with cholera or from places which are entirely free country, and one upon which, I think, all the best medical-opin­ from infectious disease-to subject it to conditions so on9rous ion is agreed, is by a total suspension of immigration during the that honest men, self-respecting men, will not submit to them. prevalence of the epidemic. Under this act we have given that If this were a provision relating to cholera, if this were a pro­ power to the President; so that all immigration can be stopped vision relating to any infectious disease, if this were a pro­ when an epidemic is raging in Europe and it seems best to the vision relating and limited to any particular period, the objec­ President to prohibit immigration from any infected ports . tion to it would not be so strong as it is to the amendment in the •

'. '.

1893 . . CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-HOUSE. 759 shape in which it is presented. But you propose to change the Minnesota [Mr. LIND], if he will answer me one question. I whole system. You want to subject every man, no matter wish to know whether infectious and contagious diseases are whether disease be rife or whether disease be absent in the communicableonlybyalienimmigrants, and whether th~ amend­ place from which he comes, to the imprisonment proposed here; ment, if adopted, should not contain a provision applicable to all and that in my judgment is an insuperable objection to it. persons coming from an infected country? The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Mary­ Mr. LIND. I think that question answers itself. land has expired. LLaughter.] Mr. CRAIN. I am in accord with the gentleman's argument. Mr. STUMP. Would not this amendment meet the object of I merely desired to make that suggestion. the gentleman from New York? After the words" Secretary of The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the the Treasury," in the fifth line of the bill, insert" no alien im­ gentleman from Maryland. migrant from any infected port or place shall be permitted to Mr. COMPTON. Is that subject t<> amendment? land in any port in the United States." The CHAIRMAN. It is not. Mr. COCKRAN. ;My objection to that is that it would not be The question being taken on t he amendment of Mr. STUMP, strong enough. there were onadivision{calledfor by Mr. STUMP)-ayes15, noes Mr. CUMMINGS. Say '' from any infe'cted or suspected port." 111. Mr . COCKRAN. "Suspected" is rather too vague a term. So the amendment was rejected. But my objection to the amendment as it would be with the The Clerk read section 3, as follows: addition or the words proposed by the gentleman is that then it SEc. 3. That the Marine Hospital Service shall cooperate with and aid ;; State and municipal boards of health in the execution and enforcement ot' would not be strong enough. In ot her words, I ~m willing to the rules and regulations of such boar ds, and in the execution and enforce­ go any distance to meet infection; but I am not willing to im­ m ent of the rules and regulations made by the Secretary of the Treasury t{) -pose onerous and deg1·ading conditions on persons who do not prevent the introduction of contagious or infectious diseases into the United States from foreign countries, and into one St ate or Territory or the Dis­ come from infected p ::> rts. trict or Columbia from another State or Territory or the DistrlCt of Colum· ~lr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. The bill would not be so bia; and at such ports and places within the United States as have no quar­ strong after the adoption of the amendment as it is now. antine regulations under Stat-e or municipal authority, where such regula­ tions are. in the opinion of the Secr etary of the 'l'reasucy, necessary to Mr. CRAIN. I desire to offer an amendment to the amend- preYent the introduction of contagious or infectious diseases into the United ment. . States from foreign conlltries, or into one State or Territory or the District The CHAIRMAN. There is now pending an amendment to of Columbia from another State or Territory or the Djstrict of Columbia, and at such ports and places within the United States where quarantine r-egula­ an amendment. No further amendment is in order at this time. tions exist under the authority of the State or municipality which, in the Mr. STORER. Mr. Chairman, there is another objection, and opinion of the Secretary of the Treasury. are not sufficient to prevent the one which seems to me fatal in principle to the amendment now introduction of such diseases into the United S tates, or into one State from another, the Secretary of the Treasury shall, if in his judgment it is neces­ offered. The proposition submitted by our committee provides sary and proper, make such additional rules and regulations as are neces· for a consular or other official inspection on the part of the sary to prevent the introduction of such diseases into the United States 1Jnited States of vessels in all ports abroad. The proposed from foreign countries, or into one State from another, and when said rules and regulations have been made they shall be promulgated by the Secretary amendment substitutes what is apparently a most stringent and of the Treasury and enforced by the sanitary authorities of the States and drastic measure, but one which is to be carried out in what way? municipalities, where the State or municipal health authorities will under­ Simply under the oath of the agent of the transportatJ.on com­ take to execute and enforce them; but if the State or municipal authorities shall fail or refuse to enforce said rules and regulations the President shall pany, and upon the written statement of two surgeons paid by execute and enforce the same and may detail or appoint omcers for that pur· the companv. pose. The Secretary of the Treasury shall make such rules and regulations Mr. STU1IP. The proposed amendmentdoesnot include such as are authorized by the laws ot the United States and necessary to be ob­ served by vessels at the port of departure and on the voyage where such ves­ a prov1s10n. It provides that the two surgeons shall be appointed sels sail from any foreign port or place at which contagious or infectious dis· by the President under section 4of the bill. The amendment in ease exists, or from which the President has reason to believe thatinfectedar­ its present form is in perfect harmony with the provisions of the ticles of merchandise are being shipped, to any port or place in the United States, to secure the best sanitary condition of such vessel, her cargo, pas­ bill. sengers, and crew which shall be published and communicated to and en· Mr. STORER. Then I did not underatand correctly the read­ forced by the consular and medical officers of the United States. .None of ing. the penalties herein imposed shall attach to any vessel or owner or officer Mr. LIND. I wish to call attention to another objection to thereof until a copy of this act, with the rules and regulations made in pur­ suance thereof, has been posted up in the office or the consul or other con­ the amendment, an objection to which I think the statement just sular officer ot' the United States for ten days, in the port fl·om which said made by the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. STUMP] is not asuf­ vessel sailed; and the certificate of such consul or consular officer over his ficien t answer. If the proposed amendment be read as a whole official signature shall be competent evidence of such posting in any court it will be saen that instead of instituting and maintaining a na­ of the United States. tional or quasi-national quarantine, as we propose to do in the Mr. CRAIN. I offer the amendmentwhichi send to the desk. bill reported from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign The Clerk read as follows: Commerce, this peoposition is only for a steamship quarantine­ Strike out in section 3 all after the word ·'Columbia," in line 17, down to a quarantine by the steamship companies. - and including the word "purpose," in line 35. There is anotherpointtowhich I wish to call attention. Under Mr. SAYERS. I desire to offer an amendment to peFfect the our treaty regulations with most of the European powers we are language of the section. It seems to me that my amendment required, if we observe those treaties, to admit citizens from oug-ht to be considered first. those countries upon the same terms and conditions on which The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the proposed amend­ they admit our cit-izens, for purposes of trade, business, visiting, ment of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. SAYERS,] and theChair etc. Without violating those treaties we can not exclude any will then determine whether it has precedence. person coming from any of thosl3 countries who says that he is The Clerk read as follows: coming here for the :purpose of business. If an Italian organ­ After the word" Columbia,., in line 9,'section 3, insert" whenever t·he su­ grinder says that he 1s coming to the United States to prosecute preme health authority of the State, Territory, or District, through proper his business he can not be quarantined, but the man who states officials, makes application for assistance." that he is coming here as an immigrant to settle will be. This Mr. ANTONY. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment I send amendment puts it in the power of any man to escape all quaran­ to the desk as a substitute for the amendments of my colleagues. tine regulations by subterfuge. He need only deny that he is The Clerk read as follows: an immigrant. · Amend section 3 by striking out all after the words "foreign countries," I believe, as suggested by the gentleman from New York, that in line7, page 15, down to and including the words ''from another," in line we ought to pass a law which will enable our Government to 27, page 16. suspend absolutely, if necessary, not only immigration but in­ Mr. TERRY. I desire to offer an amendment to perfect the tercourse with infected ports for the time being. I believe it text of the section. proper to give the President power to suspend immigration The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state that otheramend- from infected countries for a yeat· or for any length of time ments are not now in o1·der. . ·- which may be required. But I do not concede that all the dan­ Mr. SAYERS. I desire to ask a ruling from the Chair as to ger comes from immigration. I want to see quarantme regula­ whether or not the amendment I offered has not priority over tions that apply to all. An amendment of the sort now proposed, either of the amendments offered by my colleagues? which would enab:e the very class of persons whom we are seek­ Mr. CRAIN. Mr. Chairman, in response to that inquiry I ing to exclude from the country to come in without regard to suggest to the Chair that I offered my amendment some time quarantine restrictions by their simply resorting to the subter­ ago, and the Chair said that it would be considered as pending; fuge of saying that they are not immigrants, woul!l be, to my th at it was not properly before the committee at that time, but mind, preposterous. This amendment, if adopted, would place as soon as the Clerk had concluded the reading of the section it the execution of our whole scheme of protection in the hands of would be pending. I am perfectly willing after my amendment the steamship companies themselves. is adopted, not only willing, but anxious that the amendment of [Here the hammer fell.] my colleague, Mr. SAYERS, should be adopted, it being in the line Mr. CRAIN. I will yield five minutes to the gentleman from of my suggestions to the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. RAY-

,· . ~

760 CONGRESSION .AL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

NER]. But I think my motion has precedence over all other Mr. CRAIN. Does the gentleman want an answer? amendments for the reasons I have stated. Mr. BOWERS. Certainly. . The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will submit the amendment of Mr. CRAIN. The States ought to have, on all questions over the gentleman from Texas first offered. which they have jurisdiction, just that power . Mr. ANTONY. I offered my proposition as a substitute for Mr. BOWERS. That is the point I wanted to reach; and I the amendments of both of my colleagues from Texas. Does not want the House and the people of the country to understand that the vote come first on that? the struggle right here on this bill is whether the StateJ shall Mr. CRAIN. I would suggest that a substitute can not be b3 permitted to become paramount to the United States or not. offered for an amendment that is not pending, and an amend­ You speak of the Constit ution and of the constitutional limita­ ment to an amendment is not in order a t this stage of the bill. tions. I am not a constitutional lawyer, but I do read it; and I We are considering now a committee amendment to which I read that the States have conceded to the General Government have offered an amendment. Therefore . the suggestion of my power to provide for the common defense and general welfare, : colleague has no force. and this bill is to provide for the general welfare and common The amendment of my colleague on the right [Mr. SAYERS] is defe nse against common disaster. not before the House; and the substitute of my colleague on the No:-v, I do n?t care whether it is the Secretary of the Treasury left [Mr. ANTONY] can not b3 C()nsidered, so far as t ~ e proposi­ you mvest w1th the poweo.· o:- the P resident or whoever he tions or matters embodied in the amendment of my colleague are may be, but somewhere there should be a power bestowed when concerned, that matter not being before the House. a State fails t? enforce the quarantine regulations, that the The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will submit th e question on the other States.m1ght demand of the General Government protec­ amendment of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CRAIN]. tion from impending national disast3r because of the inability Mr. COCKRAN. May I ask that that amendment be reported or the refusal of any one State to take protective adion and pro­ again? vide proper remedies. The Clerk read as follows: I tell you that the Asiatic cholera does not stop at State lines Strike out on page 15, line 17, after the word "Columbia," down to and in­ or State boundaries. It will march through the State of New cluding the word "purpose," in line 35, on page 16. York, and it will not even stop when the typical tiger shows its Mr. DINGLEY. I would like to have some explanation of the teeth, but will walk right on over its body in the same way that amendment, Mr. Chairman, before a vote is taken upon it. a gentleman named Cleveland did the other day. When you The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks the gentleman is too give us cholera that will stop at State lines, I shall not object to late in making his request, as the Chair had submitted the ques­ this proposition, but taking the' disease a3 it is the people of the tion. country have a common right to this provision of defense by the Mr. DINGLEY. I was on my feet, Mr. Chairman, making General Government. the request. [Here the hammer fell.] The CHAIRMAN. Under the circumstances, the Chair will Mr. DINGLEY. I move to strike out the last word for the permit the gentleman from Texas, if he so desires, to explain purpose of calling attention to the fact that the amendment pro­ the amendment. • posed by the genpleman from Texas [Mr. CRAIN] goes even fur­ Mr. CHIPMAN. I make the point of order, Mr. Chai.rman, ther than the point which has been under discussion between that there is so much confusion that it is utterly impossible to him and the gentleman from California [Mr. BOWER]. It also under;;;tanda word of what is being said in the House. includes- to The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has been endeavoring pre­ such ports and places within the United States as have no quarantine regu­ serve order, and will ask the committee again to observe order, lations. so that the proceedings of the House will be uninterrupted. Mr. CRAIN. The gentleman from Maine [Mr. DrNGLEYl has And if that be stricken out ports and places in States that have asked me for an explanation of the effect of the amendment I no quarantine regulations would remain in the same condition. have suggested. It strikes out all after the word "Coiumbia," Mr. RAYNER. I am willing toaccept an amendment includ­ in line 17, on page 15 of the bill, down to and including the word ing those. "purpose,'' on page 16, being the following words: The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered and at such ports and places within the United States where quarantine by the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CRAIN]. regulations exist under the authority of the State or municipality which, The question being taken, the Chairman announced that the in the opinion of the Secretary of the Treasury, are not sufficient to prevent "noes" seemed to have it. the introduction of such diseases into the United States, or into one State Mr. CUMMINGS and others. Division. from a.nother, the Secretary of the Treasury shall, if in his judgment it is necessary anQ. proper, make such additional rules and regulations as are The CHAIRMAN. The" noes" seem to have it. The "noes" necessary to prevent the introduction of such diseases into the United have it, and the amendment is rejected. States from foreign countries, or into one State from another, and when said rules and regulations have been made they shall be promulgated by the Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment Secretary of the Treasury a.nd enforced by the sanitary authorities of the which I Eend to the Clerk's desk. States and municipalities, where the State or municipal health authorities The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [Mr. will undertake to execute and enforce them; but if the State or municipal ROCKWELL] sends up an amendment, which will be reported by authorities shall fa.il or refuse to enforce said rules and re&"ulations the President shall execute and enforce the same and may deta1l or appoint the Clerk. offl.~ers for that purpose. Mr. SAYERS. There is an amendment pending which was Mr. DINGLEY. That takes away all the good that may be offered by me. effected by the bill. T h e CHAIRMAN. The Chair does not know of any such Mr. CRAIN. The gentleman from Maryland in charge of the amendment pending. bill agrees that this provision would give to the Secretary of Mr. SAYERS. I sent an amendment up to be read. I desire the Treasury the power to consider the force and effect of munic­ to have the amendment which I offered prefented to the Hou'se. ipal or State regulations upon the subject of quarantine, and if The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment of in his supreme judgment, he being the sole arbiter to determine the gentleman from New York [Mr. ROCKWELL]. the question, the regulations and rules whether municipal or The Clerk read as follows: State should be insufficient, he is authorized to add to them leg­ St-rikeout from and after the worJ. "Columbia," in line 17 of section 3, to islation by promulgating such rules an:l regulations and orders, and including the wo!'d "another ," in line 22 or said se-ction. The words proposed to be stricken out are as follows : as in.his discretion, added to theforce and effect of existing leg­ •· And at such ports and places within the United States where quarantine islation: would keep out infectious or contagious diseases. regulations exist under the authority of the State or m\micipality which, in Now, I contend that that is conferring too much power on any the opinion or the Secretary of the 'rreasm-y, are not sufficient to prevent officer of the Government. I say it is dearer to my people and the introduction of such diseases into the United States, or into one State nearer to my people to keep away infectious and contagious dis­ from another." eases than it is to the Secretary of the Treasury 2,000miles away. Mr. SAYERS. That is not the amendment I offered. More than that, Mr. Chairman, I say that the power of legis­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recognized the gentleman from lation should be vested and is vested by the constitutions of the New York [Mr. ROCKWELL]. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. States and of the United States in the L egislatures of the respec­ SAYERS] sent up an amendment awhile ago which was not in tive States and in the National Legislature assembled at Wash­ order. ington, and that that power should not be conferred upon any Mr. SAYERS. But I underatooi the Chair to say that just other individual. as soon as the amendment of my colleague [Mr. CRAINJ was acted [Here the hammer fell.] U{>On the Chair would present the amendment offered by me to Mr. BOWERS. Mr. Chairman, I want to ask the gentlemen the committee. who are in favor of striking out these lines, and the g-entleman The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has no recollection of making who offered the amendment, if practically the effect is not to such a statement, but there will be an opportunity to offer the make the State paramount to Federal or United States author­ amendment as soon as the amendment of the gentleman from New ity in all these quarantine matters? York [Mr. ROCKWELL] is disposed of. · ·.

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 761 "

Mr. CUMMINGS. Do I understand the Chair to say that the of miles, the legislation which we may enact here will be utterly amendment of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CRAIN] is passed? valueless to us. The CHAIRMAN. No; it is rejected. The Senate bill, in my judgment, preserves the powers of the Mr. CUMMINGS. I called for a division at the time of the States, and it also exercises the legitimate power of the National vote, and so did the gentleman from Texas [Mr. SAYERS]. Government. It has been sedulous in regard to preserving and The CHAIRMAN. The Chair did not hear the demand and harmonizing those different powers, and I hope and trust that the Chair announced the result. The question is on the amend­ this House will sooner or later, before this debate is concluded ment of the gentleman from New York [Mr. ROCKWELL]. and before this bill is disposed of, reinstate the Senate bill bodily Mr. ROCKWELL. I desire to say a word in explanation of and put it in the place of this bill, which in the most important that amendment. particulars differs from it. . Mr. CHIPMAN and others. Let the amendment be again The question was taken, and the amendment was rejected. read. Mr. COCKRAN. Mr. Chairman, I offer· the amendment which The amendment was again read. I send to the Clerk's desk. Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, the difference between the The Clerk read as follows: effect of this amendment and the effect of the amendment offered Add to section 3, page 17, line 53, the following: by the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CRAIN] is, that this simply "Provided, That .nothing in this act contained shall be construed to author­ ize any Federal officer to relax, modify, or suspend any rules, precautions, strikes out from the provisions of the bill those States which or regulations which may have been or which may hereafter be adopted by have existing quarantine regulations and does not permit the State or municipal authorities for t}Je exclusion of contagious or infectious Secretary of the Treasury to interfere with the existing quara~­ diseases from any port of the United States or to permit the entry or dis­ charge of any vessel in any port of the United States where quarantine reg­ tine relations of the different States; but it leaves the bill so that, ulations have been established by State or municipal authority until such in any State where there are no quarantine regulations, the vessel shall have complied with such regulations." Secretary of the Treasury may make such provisions as are pro­ vided for in the bill reported by the committee. Mr. COCKRAN. Mr. Chairman-- Mr. DINGLEY. That practically destroys the bill. Mr. WISE. Mr. Chairman, I would like shn:ply to state that The amendment offered by the gentleman from New York [Mr. the committee accepts that amendment. (Cries of" Oh, no!"]: ROCKWELL] was rejected. Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. Mr. Chairman, let the amend­ Mr. SAYERS. I desire now to have the amendment which I ment be reported again. offered a few moments ago presented to the committee. The amendment was again reported. The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment of­ . Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. If the gentleman from Ne'Y fered by the gentleman from Texas [Mr. SAYERS]. York desires to speak in ·favor of his amendment, I will yield to The Clerk read as follows: him. After the word "Columbia," in line 9 of section 3 of the bill, insert the Mr. COCKRAN. The amendment has been accepted by the words: committee. "Whenever the supreme health authority of a. State, Territory, or district, Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi.. Then I want to say something through proper oftlcials, makes application for assistance." about the amendment myself. • The question being taken on the amendment of Mr. SAYERS, Mr. COCKRAN. Mr. Chairman, I simply desire to say one the Chair announced that the noes seemed to have it. word in explanation of the amendment. It does not prevent the On a division (demanded by Mr. SAYERS) there were-ayes 56, Federal authority from enforcing quarantine in any part of the noes 86. United States, but it does prevent them from relaxing or sus­ So the amendment was rejected. pending any regulation that the State authorities may have Mr. CHIPMAN. Ihaveanamendmentwhich I desire to offer. made. The amendment was read, as follows: Mr. DINGLEY. Makes it come aftar the State authority? In lines 36 and 37 of section 3, strike out the words "as are authorized by Mr. COCKRAN. I do not care which is first or second. It the laws of the United States." means that the Federal Government can not make less stringent Mr. CHIPMAN. Mr. Chairman, I am in favor of the Senate regulations than those which have already been made by the bill, one that has already been passed, and has been sent to the State. . House. This amendment restores the language of the Senate Mr. DINGLEY. hseemsto me it substitutes the State for the bill, which was stricken out by the bill before us. Those gentle­ Federal authority. · men who have scruples as to the power of the State, and those Mr. COCKRAN. It does not do anything of the kind. who have constitutional qualms on this question! should vote Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I desire to say a word on the against the amendment which I have offered; and unquestiona­ amendment offered by the gentleman from New York. bly should vote against the Senate bill. But those gentlemen Mr. MILLIKEN. L3t us have order. who wish an efficient protection against an incursion of cholera Mr:HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, l desire to have into this country, and who have no such qualms and scruples, order before I submit my remarks, so that I may be heard. should vote for this amendment, and should ultimately vote to The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Mississippi will sus­ substitute the Senate bill for the bill now pending before us. pend until the committee is in order. Trusting to the States alone to enforce quarantine laws will be Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I want to say, Mr. Chairman, a very poor· dependence if this trouble we anticipate comes upon that the amendment offered by the gentleman from New York us. Cities such as I represent here have no difficulty in time of [Mr. COCKRAN], in my judgment, utterly eliminates from the epidemic, as a general rule, in protecting themselves, but within bill all of the powers which it is proposed shall be exercised by 5 or 10 miles of them may be a community with a local board the Federal Government in establishing efficient quarantine. of health governed by gentlemen as economical in their notions Mr. DINGLEY. That is just what it does. as gentlemen who frequently appear on this floor, aJ:!.d all the Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. In 1878 we had a visitation of efforts made by places which have effective quarantine will be yellow fever which decimated the whole Southern country. It utterly valueless. This House bill-- followed the lines of the greatriversand penetrated as far into the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. interior as Louisville, Ky., and St. Louis, Mo., in a few sporadic Mr. CHIPMAN. Does the Chair count the time he was calling cases, and it became necessary that we should adopt some gen­ the committee to order? A great deal of time was consumed eral system of quarantine. in that way. , The necessity gave rise to the creation of the National Board Mr. McMILLIN. Mr. Chairman, if I can be recognized I will of Health, which was composed of seven distinguished sani­ yield to the gentleman from Michigan. tarians appointed from as many States, the law providing that The CHAIRMAN. Without objection the gentleman from not more than one should be appointed from any particular Michigan will be allowed to proceed. State. I remember that upon that Board there was a distin­ There was no objection. guished sanitarian from the State of Massachusetts and another Mr. CHIPMAN. Mr. Chairman, what we wish on the north­ from the State of Virginia, a member of the medical faculty of ern frontier is an effective bill from the Atlantic to the Pacific. the University of that Stata, associated with five other distin­ Throughoutthatgreatextentof country on the Canadian border guished gentlemen. I do not think the country has ever had a we demand a protection which will be efficient against an irrup­ law passed that did more for the prevention of the spread of tion of cholera. Cholera has come into the United States time epidemic diseases in this country than the law which created and again from Canada. The quarantine reguJations in that the National Board of Health; a body which, as I understand country,like most of their regulationsJ except those in imitation by the terms of the Senate bill, is proposed to be abolished, and of our own, are very inefficient. which has in fact been virtually abolished by the expiration of The result will be that unless we have the aid of the strong the period of time fixed by the statute of 1879. hand of the Government we will have no protection. If we are The object of the establishment of that Board was to prevent to trust to local laws and to the inchoate •system of small com­ a recurrence in this country of what had occurred previously. munities along that border, extending thousands and thousands In 1878 it was seen to be necessary that we should have, for this .· .•

762 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

:purpose, a power which should not be subject to, but should act tabl;ishedbetween State or local systems of quarantine and a national quar­ m concert with, the State authorities, and, as a part of my re­ antme system. SEc. 4. The sum of ~.000, or so much thereof as may be necessary is marks on this occasion, I ask leave to print the original act hereby appropriated to pay the salaries and expenses of said board and to passed March, 1879, which I have not time to read now, and in carry out the purposes .of this act. that connection the laws and regulations on this general sub­ Approved, March 3, 1819. CHAP. 11.-An act to Pr:event the introduction of contagious or infectious ject which weretheninexisten'ce, and which have been referred diseases into the United States. to by the gentleman from Maryland. Be it 61}act_ea by the Senate and House of Rep1·esentatives of the United States Following are the acts April29, 1878, March 3, 1879_, and June of .A.meru;a ~n Oongresa assembled, That it shall be unlawful for any merchant 2, 1879: ship or vessel from any foreign port where any contagious or infectious dis­ ease exists, to enter any port of the United States except in accordance with CHAP. 66.-An act to prevent the introdur.tionof contagious or infectious dis· the proviswns of this act, and all rules and regulations of the State boards eases into the United States. of health and all rules and regulations made in pursuance of this act· and Be it enacted by the Senate and House of .Representativea of the United statea any sue~ ve.ssel ~hich shall enter, or attempt to enter, a port of the u'nited of America in Congress assembled, That no vessel or vehicle coming from any States, m Vlolat.lon thereof, shall forfeit to the United States a sum to be foreign port or country where any contagious or infectious disease may ex­ awarded in ~e discretion of the court, not exceeding $1,000, which shall be a ist, and no vessel or vehicle conveying any person or persons, merchandise lien upon saJ.d vessel,~. to be recovered by proceedings in the proper district or animals, a1Iected with any infectious or contagious disease, shall enter cour~ of the united ::;tates. And in all such proceedings the United States any port of the United States or pass the boundary line between the United distnct attorney for !'luch district shall appear on behalf of the United States Sta.tesand any foreign country, contrary to the quarantine laws of any one and all such proceedmgs shall be conducted in accordance with the rules and of said United States, into or through the jurisdiction of which said vessel laws governing cases of seizure of vessels for Violation of the revenue laws or or vehicle may pass, or to which it is destined, or except in the manner and t.he United States. subject to the regulations to be prescribed as hereinafter provided. SEo. 2. All such vessels shall be required to obtain from the consul Vice­ SEC. 2. That whenever any infectious or conta~ous disease shall appear consul, or other consular omcer of the United States at the port of depar­ in any foreign port or country, and whenever any vessel shall leave any in­ ture,, or from the medical otllcer, where such otllcer has been detailed by the fected foreign port, or, having on board goods or passengers coming from President for that purpose, a certificate in duplicate setting forth the sani­ any placE'\ or district infected with cholera or yellow fever, shall leave tary history of said ve5sel, and that it has in all respects complied with the any foreign port, bound for any port in the United States, the consular rules a:nd regulations in such cases prescribed for securing the best sanitary otllcer, or other representative of the United States at or nearest such conditiOn of _the said vessel, its cargo, passengers and crew; and said con­ foreign port shall immediately give information thereof to the Supervis­ sular or medical omcer is required, befo1·e granting such certificate to be ing Surgeon-General of the Marine Hospital Service, and shall report to ~atis:fied the matters and thin~s therein stated are true; and for his serVices him the name, the date of departure, and the port of destination of m that behalf he ~hall be entitled to demand and receive such fees as shall such vessel; and shall also make the same report to the health otll­ ~rs~~~full'egulatwn be allowed, to be accounted for as is required in other cer of the port of destination in the United States, and the consular om­ cers of the United States shall make weekly reports to him of the sanitary That upon the request of the National Board of Health the President is condition of the ports atlwhich they are respectively stationed; and the said authoriz.ed to detail a medical otllcer to serve in the otllce of the consul at Surgeon-General of the Marine Hospital Service shall, under the direction any forelgll pprt for the purpose of making the inspection and giving the of the Secretary of the Treasury, be charged with the execution of the pro­ certi:fic~tes hereinbefore mentioned; Provided, That the number of otlicers visions of this act. and shall frame all needful rules and regulations for that so detailed shall not exceed at any one time six: Provided further That any purpose, which rules and regulations shall be subject to the approval of the vessel sailing from any such port without such certificate of said medical President, but such rules and regulat1ons shall not conflict With or imJ?air otllcer, entering any port of the United States, shall forfeit to the United any sanitary or quarantine laws or regulations of any State o1· munilapal States the sum of $500, which shall be a lien on the same to be recovered by authm·ities now existing or which may: hereafter be enacted. proceedings in the proper district court of the United States. And in all such SEc. 3. That it shall be the duty of the medical otllcers of the Marine Hos­ proceedings the United States district atto1·neyfor such district shall appear pital Service and of customs otllcers to aid in the enforcement of the na­ ~:m behalf of the Uttited States, and all such proceedings shall be conducted tional quarantine rules and regulations established under the preceding sec­ m accordance with the rules and laws governing cases of seizure of vessels tion; but no additional compensation shall be allowed said otllcers by rea­ for violation of the revenue laws of the United States. son of such services as they ma.y be required to perform under this act SEc. 3. That the NatiOiialBoard of Health shall cooperate with and, so far except actual and necessary traveling expenses. ,as it lawfully may, aid State and municipal boards of health in the execu­ SEC. 4. That the Surgeon-General of the Marine Hospital Service shall, tion. and enforcement of the rules and regulations of such boards to prevent upon receipt of information of the departure of any vessel. goods, or pas­ the mtroduction of contagious or infectious diseases into the United States sengers from infected places to any port in the United States, immediately from foreign countries, and into one State from another; and at such ports notify the proper State or municipal and United States otllcer or otllcers at and places within the United States a.s have no quarantine regulations un­ the threatened port of destination of the vessel, and shall prepare and trans­ der State authority where such regulations are, in the opinion of the Na­ mit to the medical orocers of the Marine Hospital Service, to collectors of tional Board or Health, necessary to prevent the introduction of contagious customs, and to the State and municipal health authorities in the United or infectious diseases into the United States from foreign countries, or into States weekly abstracts of the consular sanitary reports and other pertinent one State from anot.her; and at such ports and places within the Unit.ed information received by him. States where quarantine regulations exist under the authority of the State SEc. 5. That wherever, at any port of the United States, any State or which, in the opinion or the National Board of Health, are not sumcient u; municipal quarantine system may now or may hereafter exist the otllcers prevent the introduction of such diseases into the United States, or into one or agents of such system shall, upon the application or the respective State State fromanother1 the National Board of Health shall report the facts to the or municipal authorities, be authorized and empowered to act as otllcers or President of the Umted States, who shall, if, in his judgment, it is necessary agents of the national quarantine system, and shall be clothed with all the and proper, order said Board of Health to make such additional rules and powers of United States otllcers for quarantine purposes, but shall receive regulations as are necessary to prevent the introduction of such diseases in to no pay or emoluments from the United States. At all other ports where, in the. United States from foreign countries, or into one State from another, which, when so mad~ and approved by the President, shall be promulgated the opinion of the Secretary of the Treasury, it shall be deemed necessary to by the National Board of Health and enforced by the sanitary authorities of establish quarantine. the medical otllcers or other agents of the Marine the States, where the State authorities will undertake to execute and enforce Hospital Service shall perform such duties in the enforcement of the quar- them; but if the State authorities shall fail or refuse to enforce said rules and regulations the President may detail an otllcer or appoint a proper !Per- !~~~~ ~~~s s~~~i~g~~~i~~~i~sa~~Y Jreo;lJ!~;~!~~~:l :::5:g~gn:~~= son for that purpose. · ference in any manner with any quarantine laws or regulations as they now The Board of Health shall make such rules and regulations as are author­ exist or may hereafter be adopted under State laws. ized by the laws of the United States and necessary to be observed by vessels SEc. 6. That all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with this act be, and the at the port of departure and on the voyage where such vessels sail from any same are hereby, repealed. foreign port or place at which contagious or infectious disease exists to any Approved April 29, 1878. port or place in the United States, to secure the best sanitary condition of CHAP. 202.-An act to prevent the introduction of infectious or contagious such vessel, her cargo, passengers, and crew, and when said rules and regu­ diseases into the United States, and to establish a National Board of lations have been approved by the President they shall be published and Health. communicated to, and enforced by, the consular otllcers of the United States: Be it enacted by tiLe Senate and House of Representatives of the United BtateB Provided, That none of the penalties herein imposed shall attach to any ves­ of .Amer-ica in Congress assembled, That there shaJ.l be established a National sel or any owner or otllcer thereof, till the act and the rules and regulations Board of Health, to consist ot seven members, to be appointed by the Presi­ made in pm·suancethereof shall have been otllciallypromulgated for at least dent, by and with the advice and co.nsent of the Senate, not more than one ten days in the port from which said vessel sailed. of whom shall be appointed from any one Stat.e, whose compensation, dur­ SEO. 4. It shall be the duty of the National Board of Health to obtain in­ ing the time when actually engaged in the performance of their duties un­ formation of the sanitary condition of foreign ports and places from which der this act, shall be $10 per diem each and reasonable expenses, and of one contagious and !infectious diseases are or may be imported into •the United medical omcer of the Army, one medical otncer of the Navy, one medical States, and to this end the consular otllcers of the United States at such ports ' otllcer of the Marine Hospital Service, and one otllcer from the Department and places as shall be designated bytheNationalBoardofHealth shall make of Justice, to be detailed by the Secretaries of the several Departments and to said Board or Health weekly reports of thesanitaryconditionof the ports the Attorney-General, respectively, and the otllcers so detailed shall receive and places at which they are respectively stat.ioned, according to such forms no compensation. Said board shall meet in Washington within thirty as said Board of Health may prescribe; and the Board of Health shall also ob· days after the passage of this act, and in Washington or elsewhere from tain, through all sources accessible, including State and municipal sanitary time to time upon notice from the president of the board, who is to be authorities throughout the United States, weekly reports of the sanitary chosen by the members thereof, or upon its own adjournments, and shall condition of ports and places within the United States; and shall prepare. frame all rules and regulations authorized or required by this act, and shall publish and transmit to the medical otllcers of the Marine Hospital Service, make or cause to be made such special examinations and investigations at to collectors of customs, and to State and municipal health otllcers and au­ any place or places within the United States, or at foreign ports, as they thorities, weekly abstracts of the consular sanitary reports and other perti­ may deem best, to aid in the execution of this act and the promotion of its nent information received by satd board; and shall also, as far as it may be objects. able, by means of the voluntary cooperation of State and municipal au· SEc. 2. The duties or the National Board of Health shall be to obtain in­ thorities, of public associations and private persons, procure information formation upon all matters atrecting the public health, to advise the several relating to the climatic·and other conditions atrecting the public health; and departments of the Government, the executives of the several States, and shall make to the Secretary of the Treasury an annual report or its opera· the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, on all questions submitted tions, for transmission to Congress, with such recommendations as it may by them, or whenever in the opinion of the board such advice may tend to deem important to the public interests; and said report, if ordered to be the preservation and improvement of the public health. printed by Congress, shall be done unde1· the direction or the board. SEc. 3. That the Board of Health, with the assistance of the Academy of SEC. 5. That the National Board of Health shall from time to time issue to Science, which is hereby requested and directed to cooperate with them for the consular otllcers of the United States and to the medical omcers serving that purpose, shall report to Congress at its next session a fUll statement of at any foreign port, and otherwise make publicly known, the rules and regu­ its transactions, together with a. plan for a na.tiona.l public health organiza­ lations made by it and approved by the President, to be used and complied tion, which plan shall be prepared after consultation with the principal san­ with by vessels 1ti foreign ports for secm·tng the best sanitary condition of itary organizations and tne sanitarians of the several States of the United such vessels, their cargoes. passengers and crews, before their departure States, special attention being given to the subject of quarantine, both for any port in the United States, and m1 the course of the voyage; and all maritime and inland, and especially as to regulations which should be es- such other rules and regulations as shall be observed in the inspection of . •. 1893. OONGRESSION.AL RECORD-HOUSE. 763

~he same on the arrival thereof at any quarantine station at the port of des­ the restrictions which the regulations of that board jrnposed .tination, and !or the disinfection and isolation of the same, and the treat­ ment of cargo and persons on board, so a,.q to prevent the introduction of upon trade. cholera, yellow fever, or other contagious or infectious diseases; and it shall A committee of Congre3s consistingof Senators and Represen­ not be lawful for any vessel to enter said port to discharge its cargo or lanll tatives was eent to New Orleans to investigate the origin of the its passengers except upon a certitlcate of the health omcer at such quaran­ tine station, certifying that said rules and regulations have in all respects yellowfever in 1878. That committee, of which I chanced to be a been observed and complied with, as well on his part as on the part of the member, took evidence on the subject. Yellow fever reappeared said vessel and its master, in respect to the same and to its cargo, passen­ at New Orleans in 1879; and when Gen. Hood and his wife and gers, and crew; and the master of every such vessel shall produce and de­ liver to the collector of customs at said port of entry, together with the other one of his children died from the disease-when a particular part papers of the vessel, the said certifica.tes required to be obtained at the of the city was infected-the National Board of Health, under port of departure, and the certificate herein required to be obtained from the regulations which it adopted, drew a cordon around the in­ the health omcer at the port of entry. SEC. 6. That to pay the necessary expenses of placing vessels in proper fected district in the midst of that great commercial city and sanita.ry condition, to be incurred under the provisions of this act, the Sec­ stamped out the disease. retary of the Treasury be, and he hereby is, authorized and required to make Mr. Chairman, it was unwise policy to abolish that board. It the necessary rules and regulations fixing the amount of fees to be paid by vessels for such service and the manner of collecting the same. was a national board, whose members were appointed by the SEc. 7. That the President is authorized, when requested by the National President and confirmed by the Senate. It adopted reo-ulations Board of Health, and when the same can be done without prejudice to the which were universal in their character. It did not c'Ome into public service, to detail officers from the several departments of the Govern­ ment for temporary duty, to act under the direction of said board, to carry conflict with the State authorities, but was in harmony with out the provisions of this act; and such omcers shall receive no a.dditional them. That board acted the more efficiently because it was un­ compensation except for a.ctual and necessary expenses incurred in the per­ restrained by any local interest that attempted to dictate the formance of such duties. SEC. 8. That to meet the expenses to be incurredin.ca.rryingout the provi­ form and the language of the restrictions which might be adopted. sions of this act the sum of $500,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, [Here the hammer fell.] is hereby appropriat~d. to be disbursed under the direction of the Secretary Mr.COCKRAN. Mr.Chairman,in viewof the attitude taken of the Treasury on estimates to be m ade- by the National Board of Health, and to be approved by him. Said National Board of Health shall as often as by the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. HOOKER], I think it qua;rterly make a full statement of its operations and expenditures under proper that I should explain the amendment. I agree with the this act to the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall report the same to Con- gentleman in the spirit of his remarks. I am partial to cordons gre8s. . SEc. 9. That so much of the act entitled "An act to prevent the introduction inside and outside and all around-forti:ficatibns, bastions, and of contagious or infectious diseases into the United States," approved April everything else that can be erected in defense of the country 29, 1878, as requires consular officers or other representatives of the United whether from invasion by war or invasion by pestilence. My States at foreign ports to report the sanitary condition of and the departure of vessels from such ports to the Supervising Surgeon-General of. the Marine amendment recognizes the power of the United States to estab­ Hospital Service, and so much of said act as requires the Surgeon-General lish a quarantine anywhere and everywhere in the United of the Marine Hospital Service to frame rules and regulations, and to exe­ States. But it provides that where quarantine regulations have cute said act, and to givil notice to Federal and Stateotncersof the approach of infected vessels, and furnish said ofticers with weekly abstracts of con­ been established by the States, the Federal Government shall sular sanitary reports, and all other acts and parts of acts inconsistent with not relax or repeal or suspend those regulations. \ the provisions of this a.ct be, and the same are hereby, repealed. The Federal Government may adopt additional regulations SEC. 10. This act shall not continue in force for a longer period than :four years from the date of its approval. may increase the precautions tenfold if it will. It may give th~ Approved June 2, 1879. gentleman four times as many cordons and bastions as he has Mr. COCKRAN. Will the gentleman permit me to ask him ever known in the history of this country, but it must not at any a question? time relax the regulations and precautions which have been Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Yes, sir. . adopted by the States. The amendment recognizes the power Mr. COCKRAN. How does the amendment which has just of the Federal Government to extend its protection as far as pos­ been offered by me and acct:Jpted by the committee in any way sible, but does not allow it to limit or restrict the protection limit the powers of the National Government as to quarantine? which the States may have already adopted. Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. It does so because it proposes Mr. TERRY. Mr. Chairman, the only objection I have to the that although you establish a national quarantine, to be enforced proposition of the gentlemanfrom NewYorkisthis: The amend­ by national officers, yet the action of the State officers mayqual­ ment provides, as I understand, that the General Government ify or control it, and make it obedient to State laws and regula­ shall not relax the State regulations at any port. tions. Several MEMBERS. At any point. Suppose that in the State of New York they do not choose to Mr. TERRY. I understood it to read" port." Now, in the enact a rigid quarantine fOl' the city of New York; suppose the interior we have to defend ·ourselves sometimes by a shotgun same should be the case in the State of Louisiana orin any other quarantine [laughter]; and I have been trying to get in an amend­ State in the Union which has great ports of entry like New ment to protect our people in the interior as well as those at the York and New Orleans. Now, the board of health, acting under "ports,"which is the word I understood to be used in the amend­ this national law of 1879 and under previously existing laws, es­ ment. tablished a cordon of posts outside and beyond the limits of the The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the State authorities. For instance, they est.ablished a post at Ship gentleman from New York. Island on the Gulf coast of Mississippi. Mr. DINGLEY. I move to amend the amendment by striking ·. [Here the hammer fell.] out the last word. I wish to call attention to the effect of this Mr. COCKRAN. I hope the gentleman may be permitted t<> proposition; and we can better understand it by looking at its answer my question. If he had allowed me to finish it he would practical application. Suppose that a vessel arrives in the lower perhaps have answered it in briefer terms. I wish the gentle­ harbor of New York-- man would state how that part of the amendment just offered by Mr. TERRY. Mr. Chairman, I have examined the amend­ me which he criticises can in any way limit the power of the ment, and I find that the language is "port." [Laughter.] Government in any square inch of the territory of the United Mr. COCKRAN. Let it be changed, then, so as to read" port States to establish the most rigid quarantine it desires. or place." ,· Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I will take five Mr. DINGLEY. I want to make a practical application of the minutes, with the permission of the House, to answer the gen­ gentleman's amendinent-- tleman. [Laughter.] The creation of the National Board of Mr. BLAND. I rise to a point of order. We would like to Health was brought about, as I have said, by the condition of hear what the gentleman from Maine has to say. affairs that was found to exist in 1878 and 1t!79. Now, sir, we The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will not allow any business to want a general national quarantine. proceed until order is restored. [A pause.] Mr. COCKRAN. Will the gentleman permit me? Mr. DINGLEY. Mr. Chairman, as I have already said, I Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. No, sir; I will not be inter­ think this Committee of the Whole should understand thor­ rupted any more. I. am going to explain the matter if you will oughly the effect of this amendment in its practical application. allow me. The Nat10nal Board of Health established quaran­ Suppose a vessel arrives in the lower harbor of New York from tine posts outside the limits of the States and required that ves­ a foreign port. II this bill should become a law that vessel, be­ sels should stop at those posts; that the passengers should be fore it can enter, is met by the Federal officials who have charge quarantined and the freight should be fumigated, and, in short, of the Federal quarantine-- that proper sanitary regulations should be observed. One was Mr. COCKRAN. Where do you find that? established on Ship Island, and was afterward removed still Mr. DINGLEY. That I understand is the provision. farther out, on Chandelier Island. Mr. COCKRAN. No, the gentleman is mistaken. The meas­ Now, this National Board of Health, while it was in existence, ure now before the House provides that the local authorities did more to prevent the recurrence of the disease which devas­ shall enforce the Federal regulations; so that the vessel does not tated the country in 1878 than any other board of health ever meet the Federal authority if there happens to be a State au­ established by Stat~ or national authority. That board was thority there. broken up because men engaged in trade a.t the great ports on Mr. DINGLEY. When the vessel arrives in the lower harbor the Atlantic coast from New Orleans to Galveston objected to and meets the officers, if you cbQose to put it in that form, who ' ..

764 CONGRESSfON AL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

are to enforce the Federal quarantine laws, it is held to the per­ Ifl can understand the English language, the proposition in this formance of the Federal quarantine according to the tenor of bill is that wherever the State authorities shall not have estab­ this bill and pays the proper fees for such quarantine. Having lished quarantine regulations that are deemed adequate or sat­ completed the Federal quarantine, what next? isfactory, the Secretary of the Treasury shall have the pow.:; r to A State quarantine is to be authorized and recognized by the make other regulations to be enforced. Now, the gentleman's amendment of the gentleman from New York; and if the State amendment proposes that no quarantine law or provision Ol' reg ­ officials see fit to demand that the vessel so performing a second ulation of any State shall be relaxed, or modified, or chano·ed in quarantine shall pay fees to the local New York officer, which is the enforcement of this statute. "' the nut of this amendment, then 'this vessel thus entering the Mr. COCKRAN. Or suspended. harbor is compelled to go through two quarantines, State and Mr. BOUTELLE. Or "suspended." I do not care which of Federal, with all the detentions that maybe caused thereby; and those words you use. I say that the adoption of any one of the we put ourselves in the attitude of saying practically by that provisions of this amendment will render the law absolutely amendment that no vessel can enter the port of New York and nugatory, b3cause it will be utterly impossible for the United discharge her cargo until she has performed not only the Federal States quarantine authorities, where the State regulations may ·quarantine, but also the State quarantine that is proposed under be inad.equate or improper, to establish adequate or proper reg­ this amendment. ulations without substituting the proper and necessary action in Now, if it is the desire of the gentlemen of this committee and place of the inadequate and improper methods that are disap­ of the House to impose this on vessels which may arrive in the proved. waters of the United States, then this amendment will accom­ Mr. COCKRAN. Can you not supplement them? plish it absolutely. Mr. BOUTELLE. You can not "supplement" that which is Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, I would have no objections improper and inadequate by that which is adequate. to the two quarantines mentioned by the gentleman from Maine, Mr. COCKRAN. Why not? but it does seem to me that the wording of the amendment of Mr. BOUTELLE. But it is not a question of supplementing. the gentleman from New York is not correct. He has explained You can not do two contrary things at the same time. it to say that he Jtleans there shall be no relaxation or suspen­ Mr. COCKRAN. Is 'the gentleman's objection to the word sion of quarantine regulations. But he uses the word "modify," "modify"? that it shall not be "relaxed, modified, or suspended." That Mr. BOUTELLE. My objection is to the entire amendment. would make it impossible to amplify, for that is a modification. I will answer the gentleman categorically, that if it is not pro· I do not think the gentleman from New York intended that posed to keep the word " modify " or its eq ui valent in the amend­ the General Government should make no change whatever if it ment, the amendment will mean nothing. I am equally opposed was found neceEsary to extend the quarantine regulations, for if to either of the words employed to prevent the national quaran­ so there is no use in this legislation. . tine authorities from substituting efficacious methods for those Mr. COCKRAN. Mr. Cha\rman, in explanation of the amend­ of a State that are found inefficient or worthless. ment, and in response to the objection Gf the gentleman who has Mr. COCKRAN. I will take the amendment as it is, then. just spoken, I want to say that as I understan_d this bill the State Mr. BOUTELLE. If a ship comes into the port of New York establishment of a quarantine ·is recognized by every one of-its with infected passengers on board, and the State of New York provisions. The Federal Government has the right to supple­ has provided that certain things shall be done with that ship in ment State regulation by an independent quarantine, and to that the nature of quarantine regulations, and the Unitei States Gov­ there is no objection. But I do not think it proper nor is it the ernment under this law is to b3 made absolutely unable to mod­ intention of this bill to give the Federal Government the right to ify or relax or change or suspend those State regulations, then step inside of the State lines and modify or relax its regulations it is perfectly plain to my mind, however it may appear to others, in regard to quarantine. It may supplement them, but not that the quarantine authorities under tlie law of the United States, modify or suspend them, and the amendment is drawn precisely while the regulations of the State of New'York are permitted in that form because I conceive in that form it expresses the in­ to be carried out, can not at the same time carry out other and tent of the framers-of this law. entirely different regulations that may be established by the Sec­ Mr. COX of Tennessee. Will the gentleman from New York retary of the Treasury. They are liable at any time to be in p 3rmit me to ask him a question? conflict. Mr. COCKRAN. C2rtainly. The quarantine officers of New York Statemaysaythat n ves­ Mr. COX of Tennessee. When regulations are made both by sel shall go to her wharf and landherpassengersatonce orafter State and Federal authority which do you concede oug~t to gov­ three days' quarantine. The quarantine officers appointed under ern? this United States law may say the vessel and passe.nge rs, in order Mr. COCKRAN. 'Which do I concede ought to govern? Why, to be suraly purged from contagion, ougllttogototheLower Bay both should govern, each in its own sphere, and it is the intent and lie there twenty days. Now, the gentleman from New York of this act that they shall. It is the intent of the act that t.he [Mr. COCKRA:N] proposes that the national quarantine law shall Federal authorities s}lall establish such a quarantine as is neces­ not "relax," "modify," or "suspend" the regulations of the sary to protect every part of the whole country. New York State authorities, but that in such a case as I have The local authorities will also have the right to establish a supposed the vessel shall go to her wharf in New York and dis­ quarantine ~o protect themselves, and the only excuse for the charge her cargo and passengers after the three days' quarantine interpositionof the Federalauthoritiesisbecauseof the factthat in spite of any protest by the national quarantine board; but after the question is not a local but a national one. It is right, therd­ that is done, and after contagion may have been let loose upon fore, for the Federal Government to prescribe its regulations the country over every trunk line leading out of New York, the

for the safety of the nation, and the municipality1or State will quarantine authorities provided· for by this law may take the prescribe such regulations as are deemed fit and necessary for empty hull down to the Lower Bay to be disinfected at leisure the protection of the locality itself. _ . . under the United States~egulations! The amendment does not change the scope or nature of the bill The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the reported by the committee; it simply defines and specifies the gentleman from New York [Mr. COCKRAN]. right of the State or municipality to take such precautions and The question being taken, the Chairman announced that the establish such rules as to it may seem proper. These re~ula­ noes seemed to have it. tions the Federal authorities must respect, while they are at lib­ On a divisi6n (demanded by Mr. COCKRAN) there were-ayes f erty to supplement them by any additional regulations that they 87, noes 95. may deem essential to the complete protection of the country. Mr. COCKRAN. I call for tellers on the amendment. Now, Mr. Chairman, I want to say a word in response to the The CHAIRMAN. The question is on ordering teller3. suggestion of the gentleman from Maine [Mr. DINGLEY], who Mr. DICKERSON. I want to move that the committee do conjures up a fanciful condition which he thinks might arise now rise. There is so much confusion, and I think we have from the adoption of this amendment, and which is due evidently worked long enough; I think that the committee should n·ow rise. to the fact that the gentleman has not read the bill. There is no Mr. RAYNER. 1 want to say that if you defeat this amend- danger that additional quarantine may be imposed in order to ment you will d~feat the bill. · se.cure fees for the h ealth officer in the city of New York for the Mr. COGSWELL. If the amendment is carried the bill will simple reason that no fees have been paid to the health officer be worthless. there since a Republican incumbent of the office rendered the Mr. MIL"LIKEN. With the amendment in it, we do not want fee system infamous. fApplause on the Democratic side.] the bill. . Mr. BOUTELLE. Mr. Chairman, it seems to me that my Tellers were ordered on ~he amendment of Mr. COCKRAN, and friend from New York, whose ability to make the worse appear the Chairman appointed Mr. COCKRAN and Mr. DINGLEY. the better reason I should be the last person to deny, in this in­ Mr. COCKRAN. Inasmuch as objection has been made to the genious amendment and his explanation of it fails to present to word" modify" in that amendment, I ask unanimous consent to the House clearly just what is pi·oposed to be done. strike it out.

·. -, ·' .. -

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 765

Mr. ANTONY. I object. · allowance of certain claims reported by the accounting officers Mr. DICKERSON. Is a motion that the committee do now of the United States Treasury Department (Report No. 2329); rise, in order? which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House, and The CHAIRMAN. The commi~tee is dividing, and the motion ordered to be printed. is not in order. The tellers reported-ayes 94, noes 88. CHANGE OF REFERENCE. Accordingly, the amendment was agreed to. Mr. BOUTELLE. · I give notice that I shall call tor the yeas Under clause 2. of Rule XXII, the Committee on Invalid Pen­ and nays on that amendment in the House. sions was discharged from the consideration of the bill (H.R. 4371) Mr. WARNER. I offer the amendment, which I send to the for the relief of William J. Ford, and the same was referred to Clerk's desk. the Committee on Pensions. The amendment was read, as follows: Substitute for the word "vessels," in the 37th line, on page 16, and all other BTLLS, MEMORIALS, AND RESOLUTIONS. words to and including the words" and crew," inline44ofthe same page, the ~~~: d Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills and resolutions of the follow­ "By persons shippers and common or other carriers of persons or goo s ing titles were introduced, and severally referred as follows: either at the port or place of departure or shipment for the United States, of any persons or goods, or on the journey, voyage, or transport to the By Mr. PEEL: A bill (H. R.10263} to authorize the Loyal Creek United States of any persons or goods or at any port or place at or from Indians Indian Territory, to bring suit in Court of Claims for which in the opinion of the President, contagious or infecti

766 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

ers, of Jamestown, Pa., in favor of opening the Wocld's Fair on Also, petition of Mrs. C. J. Ross and 106 others, o! Denver and Sunday-to the Seltlct Committee on the Columbian Exposition. vicinity, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of John F. McMenamin and 6 others, of Chestnut Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. street, Philadelphia, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Also, petition of Charles A. Stokes and 75 others, of Chicago, Sunday-to the Select Committee on the ColumbianExposition. for the Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of John H. Atz and 75 others, of Philadelphia, mittee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition ofT. W. Hall and 69 others, of Chicago, favor­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ing Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of E. P. Hatch and 2 others, of Chicago, in favor tee on the Columbian Exposition. of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Also, petition of James Forrest and 94 others, of Chicago and on the Columbian Exposition. other cities, for the opening on Sunday of the World's Fair-to

I_ Also, petition of Fred Klepnow and 60 others, of Chicago, for the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of E. D. Kemas and 88 others, of Chicago and on the Columbian Exposition. other cities, for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Also, petitionofRev. Francis Gordon and 98others, of Chicago, Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of Samuel D. Reisen and 45 others, of Salt Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Lake City and other cities of the Union, in favor of the World's Also, petition of Harry Coleman and 50 others, of Philadel­ Fair being open on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Col­ phia, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the umbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition . Also, petition of John Fitzpatrick and 79 others, of Chicago, in .Also, petition of H. Falkner and 89 others, of Philadelphia, in favor gfopaning the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ favor of opening the World'sFaironSunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also1 petition of A. Brisk and 78, others of various places in Also, petition of Ed. Matins and 47 others, of Philadelphia, in Illinois, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of --Murphey and 107 others, of various Also, petition of· Thomas S. Dauds and 12 others, in favor of places in Illinois, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of P. Sorensen and 56 others, of Union, Ill., for Also, petition of J. C. Ripka and 32 others, of Philadelphia, in opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Henry Brugel and 105 others, of Mascoutah, Also, petition Hugo Bilgoam and 28 others, of Philadelpia, in Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select favor of opening the World's Fair onSunday-totheSelectCom­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. · Also, petition ofW. A. Bolger and 106 others, of Woodstock, Also, petition of A. J. Shaw and 75others, of Muskegon, Mich., Ill., opposing closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of B. B. Bignall and 6 others, of Aurora, ill., for Also, petition of T. L. Bolton and 10 others, of Worcester, opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee ·Mass., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Walter P. Collman and 49 others, of Peoria, Also, petition of Allen Wrinchand 20 others, of Sterling, Colo., Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SelectCommit­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, p etition of Francis A. Sterling and 255 others, of Rock Also, petition of John Gentleman and others, of Pullman and Falls, Whiteside County, Ill., for opening the Worldls Fair on vicinity, Illinois, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sun­ Sunday-to the SelectCommittee on the Columbian Exposition. day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George W. Peel and 52 others, of Quincy, Also, petition of Elgar S. Moyer and others, of Oakley and Ill., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select vicinity, Kansas, for opening theWorld's F'air on Sunday-to the Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Melim M. Cohen and 56 others, of Pullman, Ill., Also, petition of citizens St. Peter, Minneapolis, and other for the opening of the World's Fair.on Sunday-to the Select places of Minnesota, asking for the opening of the World's Fair on Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian_Exposition. Also, petition of Henry Newhouse, of various places in Illi­ Also, petition of H. L. Hall, of Philadelphia, in favor of open­ nois, for clo3ing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ ing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on mittee on the Columbian Exposition. the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Phil Coash and 56 others of others, of Clifton, Also, petition of A. Cuthbert and 103 others, of Philadelphia, Ill. , for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ - in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of JamesW. Broeflieand58others, of LaPorte, Also, petition of 0. W. Kennedy and 36 others, of Scottdale, Ind., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Pa., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-t.o the. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of D. M. McCarthy and 40 others, of Chicago, Also, petition of Pedro W. Salom and 72 others, of Philadel­ for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-t.o the Select phia, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Committee of the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Henry Kaiser and 37 others, of Chicago, ask­ Also petition of Charles A. Mitchell and 33 others, of Addi­ ing for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select son, Pa., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Frank J. Rost and 62 others, of Chicago, ask­ Also, petition of C. W. Bergner and 21 others, of Philadel­ ing that the World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to the Select phia, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Robert Arthurs and 48 others, of Pittsburg, Also, petition of M. Rode and 93 others, of Chicago, in favor for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of E. C. Lyons and 86 others, of Media, Pa., and Also, petition of John F. Raffer and 187 others, of Chicago, vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Comn:::ittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. A so, petition of J. B. Conner and 11 others, of Highland, Ill., Also, petition of Louis Roche andl,746 others, of Chicago, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ praying that Congress open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the tee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of F. W. Haster and 110 others, of Girard, Ill., Also, peti tlon ofT. F. Whitfield and 138 others, of Chicago and for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ vicinity, asking Congress to open the World's Fair on Sunday­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of James Clark and 1 other, of Sycamore and Also, petition of F. Rock and 62 others, of Chicago, and other Cortland, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the cities, to open the Worlds Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of L. S. Hoyt and 66 others, of Valparaiso, Ind., --

1893. CONGRESSION A.L RECORD-HOUSE.. 767 for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ izens of eities of the United States, asking that the World's Fair tee on the Columbian Exposition. be opened on Sunday-to the Select Committee on tb.eColumbian Also, petition of Richard Richardson and 96 others, of Chi­ Exposition. cago, for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petition of Mrs. Annie B. Emerick and 55 others, of Chi­ lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. cago, favoring the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to Also, petition of J. G. Liston and 57 others, of Chicago, for the the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of N. R. Baker and 3 others, of Chicago, for the on the Columbian Exposition. opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit- Also, petition of L. C. Young and 64 others, of Chicago, in fa­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. . vor of the World's Fair being opened on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of William Charles Spell and 350 others, of Chi­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. cago, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of H. G. Hogendable and 48 others, of Villa Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Ridge, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petition of W. H. Weibke and 36 others, of Fort Wayne, lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Ind., asking Congress to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to Also, petition of R. S. Chapman and 85 others, of Rockford, the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. IlL, opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of M. H. Hume and 34 others, of Chicago, for Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Also, vetition of W. T. McGarvey and 115 others, of Rico, Tel­ on the Columbian Exposition. luride, and other vlaces in Colorado, for opening the World's Also, petition of George W. Lilley and 43 others, of Chicago, Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Ex­ in favor of the World's Fair being opened onSunday7 to theSe­ position. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Charles H. Ga.rd and 34 others, of Moreland and Also, petition of J. H. Kearney and47 others, of Chicago, ask­ other places in Illinois, for Sunday closing of the World's Fair­ ing Congress to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, vetition of John Johnston and 17 others, of Chicago, Ill., Also, petition of E. K. Butler and 27 others, of Chicago, for for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ the opening- of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Harry Howell and 71 others, of Raymond, Also, petition of D. H. Perkins and 20 others, of Chicago, in Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ favor of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exvosition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. T. Catlin and 42 others, of Hot Springs, S. Also, petition of Daniel Hepp and 52 others, of Chicago, ask­ Dak., opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the ing that the World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to the Select Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of F. C. Myer and 65 others, of Decatur, ill., and Also, petition of Edward H. Cole and 17 others, of New York, other places, for the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to for closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. J. Allardt and 60 others, of Deerfield, Ill., Also, petition of Louis Seigtz and 34 others, of Lauderdale and for Sunday closing of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Sandusky, Ohio, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Gus. E. McCune and 32 others, of Pennsylva­ Also, petition of C. H. Van Bramer and 51 others, of Orner, nia, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Mich., opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to mittee on the Columbian Exposition. the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of J. H. Kelsey and 27 others, of South Boston, Also, petition of M. M. Morrissey and 80 others, of Blooming­ East Boston, and other places in Massachusetts, for opening the ton, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Colum­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. bian Exposition. Also, petition of Wm. Buxton and 82 others, of Bloomington, Also, -petition of Edw. J. Collinson and 61 others, of Chicago, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-totheSelectCom­ Ill., for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ mittee on the ColumbianExposition. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of C. F. Koch and 98 others, of Bloomington, Also, petition of Anton Meyer and 76 others, for opening the TIL, for opening the Wo.rld's FaironSunday-tothe Select Com~ World's Fair on Sunday-totheSelectCommitteeon the Colum­ mittee on the Columbian Exnosition. bian Exposition. Also, petition of C. H. Baekus and 88 others, of Hampshire, Also, petition of A. W. Anderson and SOothers, of Pullman, Ill., Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ for opening the World's Fail· on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Fred Riggs and 125 others, of Sebewaing, Mich., Also, petition of A. C. Rankin and 156 others, of Pullman, Ill., for opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Albert Dickinson and 175 others, of Chicago, Also, petition of John L. Jackson and 141 others, of Saginaw, Ill., against the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Robert Nicol and 105 others, of Chicago, Ill., Also, petition of J. F. Heffernan and 81 others, of Bloomington, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com- tee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. · Also, petition of the Hand-Made Saw-Blade Manufacturing Also, petition of John H. Toohey and 68 others, of Chicago, for Company and 12 citizens of Chicago, in favor of opening the the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. lumbian Exposition. Also, petition of A. L. Buchler and 101 others, of Chicao-o, in Also, petition of Joseph E. Flanagan and 53 others, of Chicago, favor of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select°Com• in favor of opening the World's Fair 0n Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Expoaition. Committee on "the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of J. S. Henderson and 97 others, of Chicago, for Also, petition of A. D. Palmer and 76 others, of Chicago, ask­ the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ ing that the World's Fair be open on Sunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. W. Peterson .and fi8 others, of Chicago. in Also, petition of H. G. Tink and 58 others, of Chicago and favor of the World's Fair being opened on Sunday-to the Select other places, for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Joe Higgins and 77 others, o(Chicago, for the Also, petition of J. C. Schank and 66 others, of Chicago, for opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee tee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. : Also, petition of William H. Kelly and 73 other citizens of Also, petition of Frank Parker and 108 others, of Chicago, for Chicago, asking that the World's Fair be open on Sunday-to Sunday opening of the World's. Fair-to the Select Committee the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of John Elk and 31 others, of Chicago, in favor of Also, petition of R. W. Johnson and 200 others, of JJincoln, Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Nebr., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Silas Wegg, of London, England, and 56 cit- Also, petition of C. S. Potter and 152 others, of Omaha, Nebr., \ .

768 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. J.ANU.ARY 21,

for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ tee·on the Columbian Exposition. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of William C. Bayer and 156 others, of Council Also, petition of F. F. Prentice, of Janesville, Wis., for open­ \ Bluffs, Iowa, anil Omaha, Nebr., for opening the World's Fair on ing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Columbian Exposition. Also, petitlon of Charles Fischer and 91 others, of New York, Also, petition of Joseph Bezucha and 116 others, of Hillsboro, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Wis., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select tee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of John Murphy and 115 others, of Fort Wayne, Also, petition of John F. Hennessy and 75 others, of Eagle, Ind., asking that the World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to the Wis., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. · Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George H. Day and 232 others, of Mt. Pleas­ Also, I?etition of N. B. Koll and 64 others, of Eau Claire, Wis., ant, Mich., opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday­ for openmg the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of 0. g_ Barrows and 85 others, of Marion, Ind., Also, patition of Emil Kliner and 60 others, of Antigo, Wis., for opening the Worlds Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the tee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of A. C. Thompson and 91 others, of Lafayette, Also, petition of John H. Tipp and 1,880 others, of Brooklyn, Ind., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ N. Y., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of E. T. Kearney and 81 others, of Logansport, Also, petition of W. C. JipsonJ of Blissfield, Mich., and 31 Ind., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ others, against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Se­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Samuel D. Schooley and 42 others, of Chi­ Also, petition of G. W. Cannan and 30 others, of Marine City, cago, for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Mich., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ . ' Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition . lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Daniel Collins and 33 others, of Lima, Ohio, Also, petition of H. Glatner and 29 others, of New York City, and vicinity, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ to the '3elect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of E. C. Cooke and 47 others, of Chicago, asking Also, petition of R. Dunlap & Co., of New York City, and 720 for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select others, against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of C. A. Conner and 146 others, of St. Paul, Also, petition of James F. Barry, of Canandaigua, N.Y., and Minn., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select 127 others, against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Committee on the Columbian ExJ?osition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George R. Frwh and 66 others, of St. Paul, Al~o, petition of Jame~ Clark and 96 others, of Chicago, for Minn., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select openmg the World's Fa1r on Sunday-to the Select Committee Committee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of T. Z. Cowles and 37 others, of the St. Paul Also, petition of A. J. McGurren and 132 others, of Chicago, Dispatch, of St. Paul, Minn., for opening the World's Fair on in favor of the World's Fair being open on Sunday-to theSe­ Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of W. R. Stevens and 51 others, of Grand Island, Also, petition of Mary A. Gibbons and 44 others, of Chicago, Nebr., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select ,. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of A. L. Kinney and 28 others, of Rushville, Also, petition of C. F. Ba.nderob and 96 others, of Blue Island, Nebr., asking Congress to open the gates of the World's Colum­ Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com- bian Exposition on Sundays-to the Select Committee on the mittee on the Columbian Exposition. • Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of C. E. Martin and 151 others, of Lafayette, Also, petition of J. S. Pyne and 8 other::;, of Rushville, Nebr., Ind., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of W. H. Snyder and 156others, of Wabash, Ind., Also, petition of John Turner and 328 others, of Detroit, Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. M. Garver and 97 others, of Bremen, Ind., Also, petition of T. E. Clapp and 22 others, of White Rivers, .for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select tee on the Columbian E xposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Peter vVhite and 77 others, of Aurora, Ill., Also, petition of J. H .. Mullin and 128 others, of Grand Island, for opening the Worlds Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Nebr., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday and asking Con­ tee on the Columbian Expo3ition. gress to repeal the act closing the same-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of John J. Rockafellow and 66 others, of May­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. wood, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of N. F . Avery and 128 others, of Grand Rapids, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of H. A. Hend and 120 others, of Rock Island, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ill., opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition ofT. W. Barner, of Dundee, Mich., and 50 others, Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening theWor ld 's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of J. E. Grady and 117 others, of Rock Island, on the Columbian Exposition. ill., for opening the World's Fair .on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of Rawson Bennett and 75 others, of Marquette, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., asking Congress to repeal the act closing the World's Also, petition of 0. W. Briggs and 95 others, of Paw Paw, Ill., Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exp03ition. Also, petition of Edith Langley and 51 others, of Chicago, for Also, petition of W. H. HalJis and82 othors, of Tacoma, Wash., Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SelectCommit­ on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Emily M. Boyden and 75 others, of Chicago, Also, petition of J. A. Rowbottom and 53 others, of Bristol, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Wis., for opening the World's .Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Ex:p8sition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George Buck and 144 others, of Chicago and Also, petition of August Helkmann and 22 others, of Delavan, vicinity, for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Wis., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian E xposition. . , Also, petition of W. H. Rodgers and 154 others, of Decatur, Also, petition of G. Rheirileinder and 92 others, of Seattle, Ill., for opening the World ·s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Wash., for opening the World's'Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian ExpJsition. Also, petition of George Bauer and 77 others, of Blue Island, Also, petition of G. N. Smith a :J d 225 others, of Tekoa, Wash., Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ in favor of opening the World's Fajr on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian EKposition. Also, petition of A. E. Jackson and87 others, of Menasha, Wis., Also, petition of C. F. Clough and 95 others, of Spokane, ... ,' . ·.

• • c 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 769

Wash., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of Chas. P. Corey and 36 others, of Rockford, Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Wash., for opening the Wor~d's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of Benjamin W. Rochester and 186 others, of Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Seattle, Wash., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the AlEO, retition of E. E. Ellis and 86 others, of Tacoma, Wash., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening t he World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of A. T. Lundberg and 96 others, of Seattle, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Wash., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of J. T. Molyneaux and about 250 others, of Sut­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ton, Nebr., favoring the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of Thomas Bromley and 84 others, of Seattle, to the Select Committee on th e Columbian Exposition. Wash., for opening the World 's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of R. A. Powell and 2.5 othera, of Grand Island, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Nebr., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of Edward A. Evarts and 84 others, of Chicago, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of James C. Drake and 386 others, of Tacoma, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Wash., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition af Phil Cullen and 99 others, of Chicago, in favor Committee on the Columbian Exposition. of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of Leon Rose and 156 othera, of LaGrange, Ind., on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit Also, petition of R ev. Pius Niermann and 115 others, of Chi­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. cago, in favor of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Also, petition of L. C. Miles and 77 others, of Wabash, Ind., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ - .. ./ Also, petition of L. M. Hull and 55 others, of Oak Park, Ill ~ tee on the Columbian Exposition. for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Commit­ Also,petitionof JamesHalland 55others,of Huntington, Ind., tee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of CharlesW. Newman and 78.._others, of Chicago, tee on the Columbian· Exp03ition. for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Fred H. Myers and 26 others, of La Paz, Ind., tee on the Columbian Exposition. for op ::ming the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of E. M. Eastman and 89 others, of Chicago, for tee on the Columbian Exposition. Stmday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Also, petition of C. D. Randall and 50 others, of Oxford, Mich., on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition ofL. T. Willcox and500others, of Three Rivers, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of David Duford and 31 others, of Bay City, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petition of James A. Robinson and 80 others, of Muske­ lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. gon, Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petitjon of C. W. Petersen and 75 others, of Walton, lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of Parker, Davis & Co. and about 350 others, of to the Select Committee on t~e Columbian Exposition. Detroit, Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of George H. Berry and 15 others, of Grand Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. · Lodge, Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of JohnS. Moran and 76 others, of Chicago, Ill., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of George H. Hayward and 18 others, of Buckhorn, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of George R. Hunter and 35 others, of Pleasant­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ville, Ill., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of Fred Beeck and 50 others ol Saginaw, Mich., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Charles F. Kuhen and 26 others, of Highland, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of William Steinway and 56 others, of Steinway mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Hall, N.Y., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petition of J. G. Megler and 35 others, of Brookfield, lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Wash., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition o( George Sassburg and 118 others, of New York Committee-on the Columbian Exposition. City, against closing the World's l!.,air on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of James F. Johnson and 57 others, of Morton Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Park, Ill., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the · Also, petition of C. Emil Thenen and 108 others, of New York Select Committee on the Columbian ExposiHon. City: against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of Hans Hausen and 46 others, of Elgin, Ill., for Committee on the Columbian Exposition. the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of Lewis Tattberg and Bros., and 82 others, of mittee on the Columbian Exposition. New York City, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of R. J. Keppel and 125 others, of Tacoma, Wash., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of A.M. Bristol and 21 others, of Rochester, N. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Y., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of D. Brodeckand 154others, of Everett, Wash., mittee on the Columbian Expo:Jition. and vicinity, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of 'Charles H. Ingersoll and 18 others, of New to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. York City, for opening the World's on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of F. W. Scott and 147 others, of Silverton, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Wash., and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of B. F. Harris and 28 others, of Agnew, Mich., to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of F. S. Palmer and 5 others, of Boston, Mass., Committee on the Columbian Exposition, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of George Harvey and 108 others,of Battle Creek, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., for the opening of the W orld's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition_of A. Torkousky and 55 others, of Chicago, Ill., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also,·petition of E. H. Hammett and 82others, of Shepherd, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mich., for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of G. G. Douglas, Greenville, Mich., against the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. closing of the W orld's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of George L. Kealy and 43others, of Chicago, in on the Columbian Exposition. favor of opening the World:s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of George W. Johnsonand 55 others, of Freder­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ickstown, Ohio, opposing the closing of the World's Fair on . Also, petition _of William J. Horn ana 57 others, of Chicago, Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. m favor of operung the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select I • • 1 Also, petition of John H. Hughes and 32 others, of Philadel­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. phia, Pa., for opening the World ·s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of W. W. Gilbert and 45 others, of Chicago and Committee on the Columbian Exposition. other towns, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of James C. Kelly and 37 others, of Casey, Ill., to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World'sFair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also petition of C. A. Allen and 39 others, of Grand Forks and tee on the Columbian Exposition. other places of North Dakota, for opening the World's Fair on Also, petition of A. L. Rogers and 125 others,of Waterville, Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposi­ Wash., in favor of opening the World a Fair on Sunday-to the tion. · Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of William B. Mays and 50 others, of Lancaster, XXIV-49

_. 770 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

Schuyler County, M:o., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Also, petition of Arthur E. Green and 29 others, of Berlin, N. to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Y., and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the '- Also, petition ot G. W. Fox and 15 others, of Murietta, San Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Diego County, Cal., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to Also, petition of Frank T. Arnolds and 78 others, of New Ber­ the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. lin, N.Y., and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sun­ Also, petition of George W. Morrison, of Kenney, ill., and 41 day-to the Select Committee.on the Columbian Exposition. others, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of The Electrical Engineer, by George M Co.mmittee on the Columbian Exposition. Phelps, president, for opening the World's Fair on: Sunday­ Also,petitionofC. W.Martyne and 108 othera, of Hengenwich, to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Ill., for opening the World's Fairon Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition ofT. M. Osborn and41others, of Auburn, N.Y., mittee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of G. W .Carter and others, of Forest,:Ill., for open­ tee on the Columbian E xposition. ing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of John McAdams and 98 others, of Brooklyn, Columbian Exposition. N.Y., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of C. E. Roberts'and 9Sothers,of Springfield, Ill., Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opposing the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to theSe­ Also, petition of Charles R. Fenderick and 426 others, of Alle­ lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. gheny, Pa., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to Also, petition of Edwin B. Harles and 75.others, of Springfield, the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. TIL , for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of H. C. Paxson and 40 others, of Philadelphia, mittee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SelectCommit­ Also, petition of John B. Gugerty and 85 others, of Ohio, Ill., tee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition ol Meechant & Co. and 72 others, of Philadel­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. phia, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of Jerry Feazel and 79 others, of Lacon, Ill., Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Carl Grubed0r and 17 others, of Philadelphia, tee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of J. B. Drake and 130 others, of Dwight, Ill., Committee on tlie Columbian Exposition. against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of 0. P. Odell and 91 others, of Bradford, Pa., mittee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's !!'air on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of J.A.M. Cauley and65 others, of Dwight, TIL, Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Roscoe C. North and 21 others, of Selins tee on the Columbian Exposition. Grove, Pa., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of James Gittnerandl8-others1oflmperial, Nebr., Committee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of J . .K. Neal and 87 others, of Springfield, Ill., tee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ ' .. Also, petition of George Schmidt and 22others,of Omaha,Nebr., tee on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Harry N. Finkelstonand ';'9others, of Peoria, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of E. Y. Cornell and 256 others, of Holdrege, mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Nebr., and neighboring town in adjoining States, askingCongre::s Also, petition-of R. J. Tousley and 112 others, from Sharon, to repeal the act closing the gates of the World'sColumbianEx­ Blaine, and other places in Wisconsin, for opening the World's positwn on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Fair on Sunday-to tho Select Committee on the Columbian Ex­ Exposition. position. Also, petition of Charles H. Godfrey and 80 others, of Benton Also, petition of M. E. Cadwalder and 91 others, of Ohio, Ill., Harbor, Mich., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George H. Day and 97 others, of Mount P leas­ Also, petition of E. A. Ficke and 75 others, of Lake Zurich, ant, Mich., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Ill., against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Fred Riggs and 72 othera,of Sebewaing, Mich., Also, p 3tition of David N. Lepper and29 others, of Springfield, against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Ex-position. Also, petition of Chat'lesKent and 49 others, of Colehour, Ill., ...'\lso, petition of Charles West and 42 others., of String Prairie, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Bastrop County, Tex., foropeningtheWorld's FaironSunday­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. McLinden and 150 others, of Braidwood, Also, petition of C. W. Platt and 30 ~hers, of Waterbury, TIL, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Conn., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of LouisE. Walterand128 others, of Alton, Ill., Also, petition of A. C. Pray and 70 others, of Boston, Mass., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition~of William Steinwedell and 156 others, of Quincy, Also, petition of John B. Synnestiedt and 7 others, of Dearbor n TIL, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select steeet, Chicago, Til., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of P. A. Schmidt and 39 others, of Blue Island, Also, petition of James Ma.rburg and 35 others, of Pistern, TIL, for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Se­ Fayette County, Pa., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition.. to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of James Hynd and 121 others, of Braidwood, Ill., Also, petition of Frank Merler and llluthers, of String Prairie, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com- Tex., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. • Committee on the Columbian Exposition: Also, petition of John Geitort and 257 others, of Quincy, Til., Also, petition of Alfred Richter and 75 others, of Iron Moun­ for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ tain, Mich., for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to tee on the Columbian Exposition. the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of H. Spitz and 12 others, oJ Philadelphia: for Also, petition of Anthony Wiethoff and 15 others, of Michigan, Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ on the Columbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of C. E. Meigs and 9 others, of Chicago, for Also, petition of H. E. Boswell and 18 others, of Marquette, Sunday ope:oing of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Edward Rothchild and 21 others, of New Also, petition of Louis J. Sching and 78 others, of Joliet, ill., York, for Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of F. X. La Chance, rector St. Philip's Church, Also, petition of H. Manden Zoon and 49 others, of Oswego, of Westport, N. Y., and 47 others, for opening the World's Fair TIL, against closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposi­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tion. Also, petition of D. R. Parmell and 100others, of Decatur, TIL,

-.

..:- .,

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 771 for opening the-World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Pa., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the tee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of John A. Smith and 29 others, of Kansas City Also, petition of Louis Benkirt and 48 others, of Huntingdon, .· tnd other towns, in favor of the World's Fair being open on Pa., in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of George Moore and 63 others, of Cleveland Also, petition or James F. Sellers, Martin Grube, and 56 othe-rs, _ @ond vicinity, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday­ of Huntingdon~Pa.,in favor of opening the World's Fail• on Sun­ to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition Also, petition of J. H. Kane and 55 others, of Chicago, in favor Also, petition of Thomas Lewertson and 56 others, of sundry of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the 8elect Commit- places in Illinois, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to t~e on the Columbian Exposition. . the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of James B. Olson, John R. Coke, and 74 others, Also, petition of E. Newton and 56 others, of Pullman, llL~for of New York, for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday­ closing the World's Fair on Stmday-to the Select Committee to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, P.etition of M. K. Beshop, Owen Costello, and 55 others, Also, petition of John Dixey and 56 others, of Pullman, IlL, foi" ·' of Dunsmore, Pa., for the opening of the World's Fair on Sun­ opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of William N. Allen and 10 others, of Philadel­ Also, petition of J. B. Brown and 3·7 others, of Gazette, Ga~ phia, in favor of opening the World's Fair on 8unday-to the lena, Ill., for opening the WoriQ.'s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Clarence S. Bement and 15 others, of Phila­ Also, petition of John Quinon and 56 others, of Batavia, Til:~ Q.elphia, for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the for opening the World's Fair on Snnday-to the SelectCommit­ Select Committee on the Colurilbian Exposition. tee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Hiram H. White, H. S. Thomas. and 73 Also, petition of C. B. Taylor and 42others, of Carbon Hill, Ill., others, of Glenburn, Pa., and vicinity, for the opening of the for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Colum­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. bian Exposition. Also, petition of Mathew Wilson and 56 others, of Pullman, Also, petition of John Dursch and 27 others, of Philadelphia, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of J. C. Woodard and 100 others, of St. Charles, Also, petition ofT. J. Hoag and 46 others, of Milton, Pa., and Minn., for the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the vicinity for the opening of the World's Fair on Sun:lay-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of James Anderson and 250 others, of Snohom­ Also, petition of GeorgeS toll and 39 others, of E1'ie, Pa., for the ish and various other places of the State of Washington, asking opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ that the World's Fair b3 opened on Sunday-to the Select Com­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of James D. SmithJ George Knight, and 350 oth­ Also, petition of E. F. Fish and 97 others, of California. for ers, of Bradford, Pa., in favor of opening the World's Fair on the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposi­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. tion. Also, petition of R. G. Johnson and flO others, of Mecostal Me­ Also, pe:tition of L. A. Foster and 32others, of Indiana, asking costa County, and other places of Michigan, asking that the the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to the Select Committee mittee on tbe Columbian Exposition. on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of L. A. Le Bean and 54 others, of Chicago~ for Also, petition of D. McKee and 120 others, of Chicago, ill., in the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ favor opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of Joseph W. Cary and 78 others, of Chicago, in Also, petition of 50 citizens of Remson, Iowa, for opening the favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select World's Fair on Sunday--to the Select Committee on the Colum­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. · bian Exposition. Also, petition of Lyman J. Gaze and 3 others, of Chicago, for Also, petition of J. D. Boyd of London, England, and 89 citi­ the opening on Sunday of the World's Fair-to the Select Com­ zens of cities of the United States, for- the World's Fair to be miti ee on the Columbian Exposition. opened on Sunday-to the 8elect Committee on the Columbian ' . Also, petition of Ed ward William Denahy and 68 others, of Exposition. cities in the United States, for Sunday opening of the World's Also, petition of T. F. McNitty and 118 others, of Chicago, for Fair-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. the opening of-the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of E. H. Mcintyre and 89 others, of Salt Lake mittee on the Columbian Exposition. City and other cities of the Union-to the Select Commit~e on Also, petition of John J. Smith and 123 others, of Chicago and the Columbian Exposition. · vicinity, asking that the World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to Also petition of George Motts and 77 others, or Washington the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. a"nd Chicago, asking Congress to open the World's Fair on Sun­ Also, petition of H. M. Lay and 133 others, of Chicago, for day-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Committee Also, petition of P. H. Frye and 11 others, of Chicago, to open on the Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of H enry Becker and 67 others, of Chicago, in Columbian Exposition. favor of opening the World'sFaironSunday-totheSelect Com­ Also, p etition of E. V. Gale and 240 other citizens of Chicago, mittee on the Columbian Exposition. in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petitioh of M. 0. Brown and 342 others, of Chicago, ask­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. ing Congress to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of William Harper and 10 others, of Chicago, for Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of M. N. Tisdale and 85 others, of Wenona, Ill., on the Columbian Exposition. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-tD the Select Commit­ Also, petition of E. W. Buel and 71 others, of Chicago, asking tee on the Columbian Exposition. for the closing of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Sele.ct Also, petition of R. M. May and 76 others, of Peoria, Ill., for Committee on the Columbian Exposition. opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of Julius Barnard and 18 others, of Chicago, in on the Columbian Exposition. favor of Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of Wallace Machaner and 75 others, of Kent1 ill., • mittee on the Columbian Exposition. and other places, for opening the "\Vorld's Fair on Sunday-to Alw, petition of W. L. Fross and 22 others, of Chicago, for the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Sunday opening of the World ·s Fair-to the Select Committee Also, petition of C. M. Francis and 65 others, of Odell, Ill., for on the Columbian Exposition. opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of S. Mautner and 6 others, of C4icagoJ in favor on the Columbian Exposition. of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of Charles McHugh and others) of Rock Island, tee on the Columbian Exposition. Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of A. E. Lard and 15 others, of Chicago, asking mittee on the Columbian Exposition. that the World's Fair be opened on Sunday-to the Select Com­ ' Also, petition of William P. Bahel and many others, of Plain­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. field, IlL, for opening theW orld 's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, J:etition of John H. Palmer and 53 others, of Tidoute, Committee on the Columbian Exposition.

,/ .. ' - ·

/ 772 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 23,

Also, petition of Aaron Grammer and 79 others, of illinois, for thatStatefor the term beginning March 4, 1893; which were read opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee and ordered to be filed. on the Columbian ExDosition. Also, petition of A. E. Henry and 58 others, of Rockford, Ill., MESSAGE FROM HOUSE. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. T. 0. tee on the Columbian Exposition. TOWLES~ its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed Also, petition of L. S. Willis and 27 others, of Dalton, Ill., for the bill (S. 1631) to establish a life-saving station at Gay Head, opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the coast of Massachusetts. on the Columbian Exposition. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. Also, petition of John E. Pollock and 210 others, of Blooming­ ton, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select The message also announced that the Speaker of the House Committee on the Columbian Exposition. had signed the following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon Also, petition of John A. Brady and 85 others, of Fort Sheri­ signed by the Vice-President: dan, Ill., for opaning the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select A bill (S. 2345) to authorize the construction of a bridge across Committee on the Columbian Exposition. the Mississippi River above New Orleans; and Also, petition of W. 0. Gready and 8 others, of Ann Arbor, A bill (S. 3407) to authorize the Court of Claim'3 to hear and de­ Mich., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select termine the claims of certain New York Indians against the Committee on the Colu~bian Exposition. United States. Also, petition of Perry H. Smith, jr., and 22 others, of Evans­ PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS. ton, Ill., for opening the--World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tion from the Secretary of State, transmitting, in pursuance of Also, petition of F. L. Sutherland and 21 others, of Chicago, the provisions of the act of Cong:ress approved February 3, 1887, Normal, Park, and various other places in Illinois, for closing a certified copy of the final ascertainment of the electors for the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ President and Vice-President appointed in the State of Louisi­ ' lumbian Exposition. ana at the election held therein on the 8th of November, 1892, Also, petition of P. Howley and 205 others, of Grand Crossing, as certified to him by the governor of that State; which was Kensington, and other places in illinois, for opening the World's ordered to lie on the table. Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Ex­ position. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION. Also, petition of J. K. Jacoba and 11 others, of Blue Island, Ill., The VICE-PRESIDENT laid beEore the Senate a communica­ for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ tion from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, in compli­ tee on the Columbian Exposition. ance with law,a statement of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Also, petition of E. Porter and 50 others, of Joliet, Ill., for showing open market purchases of goods and supplies for the opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Cmhmittee Indian service during the fiscal year 1892 in excess of $500, and on the Columbian Exposition. the exigencies of the service rendering such purchases neces­ Also, pE>tition of C. A. W. Fash and 40 others, of City Hall, Pe­ sary; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the oria, ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Also, petition of G. L. Fisher and 75 others, of Rockford, Ill., PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ The VICE-PRESIDENT presented memorials of the Armory tee on the Columbian Exposition. Methodist Episcopal Church of Dover, Del.; of the "Qnion Pres­ Also, petition of R. Wegner and 84others, of Chicago, in favor byterian Church of Philadelphia, Pa., and of the Presbyterian of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit- Church of Lawndale, Pa., remonstrating against the repeal of tee on the Columbian Exposition. · the law closing the World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday; Also, petition of William Scott'and 121 others, of Chicago, for which were referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Centen- opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit~e nial (Select). _ on the Columbian Exposition. · Mr. CARLISLE presented a petition of the National Bank and Also, petition of B.S. Kennedy and 134 others, of Chicago and Trust. Companies of Louisville, Ky., praying for the repeal of vicinity, asking that the World's Fair be closed on Sunday-to the silver-purchase act of July 14, 1890; which was ordered to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. lie on the table. Also, petition 9f E. W. Thompson and 111 others, of Chicago, Mr. BRICE presented petitions of Good Will Council, No.178, in favor of opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Junior Order United American Mechanics, of Gnadenhutton; Committee on the Columbian Exposition. and of the boards of health of North Amherst, Piqua, Tippe­ Also, petition of J. E. Barnes and 98 others, of Chicago, for the canoe, De Grath, Navarre, Sylvania, McComb, Tiffin, Canton, opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Miamisburg, and College Hill, all in the State of Ohio, praying on the Columbian Ex-position. for the establishment of a national quarantine and the suspen­ Also, petition of May E. Calhoun and 86 others, of New Or­ sion of immigration until such time as the quarantine defenses leans and vicinity, for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to of the country shall be in condition to guarantee protection the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. against infectious diseases; which were ordered to lie on the Also, petition of George W. Clendenen, M.D., and 8 others, table. of Fulton, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the He also presented memorials of J. W. R. Smith, of Updegraff; Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. of E. J. Davis, of Jamestown; of the congregation of the Church Also, petition of Mrs. Flora Stowell and 8 others, of Prophets­ of Christ of Quaker City; of Benjamin Talbot, of Columbus~ of town, Ill., for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select the Christian Endeavor Union of Cleveland, and of Adolph Bos­ Committee on the Columbian Exposition. sel, of New Bremen, all in the State of Ohio, remonstrating Also, petition of Charles Nichols and 135others, of Kansas, for against the repeal of the present law closing the World's Colum­ opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee bian Exposition on Sunday; which were referred to the Com­ on the Columbian Exposition. mittee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select). He also presented petitions of the State board of agriculture, of the Lake County Farmers' Institute, and of Pomona Grange, No.3, of Knox County, all in the State of Ohio, praying for the SENATE. passage of the Washburn-Hatch antioption bill; which were or­ dered to lie on the table. !foNDAY, January 23, 1893. He also presented the petition of Edward J. Wallace, of the Safety Cycle Club of Springfield, Ohio, praying for the passage Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. of legislation providing for better roads; which was referred to The VICE-PRESIDENT resumed the chair. the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. The Journal of the proceedings of Saturday last was read and He also presented petitions of Miami Lodge, No. 441, Brother­ approved. hoo:l of Locomotive Firemen of Cincinnati; of the Journeymen CREDENTIALS. , Tailors' Union of Springfield; of the United Brotherhood of Car­ The VICE-PRESIDENT presented thecredentialsof FRANCIS penters and Joiners of Springfield; of the United Brotherhood MARION COCKRELL, elected by the Legislature of Missouri a of Carpenters and Joiners Qf Tiffin; of the Stonecutters' Associa­ Senator from that State for the term beginning March 4, 1893; tion of Cincinnati, and of 76 citizens of Portage County, all in which were read and ordered to be filed. the State of Ohio, praying for the opening of the World's Co­ Mr. WASHBURN presented the credentials of CUSHMAN K. lumbian Exposition on Sunday; which were referred to the Com­ DAVIS, elected by the Legislature of Minnesota a Senator from mittee on the Quadro-Centennial (Select).