IYUNIM BITKUMAT ISRAEL Studies in Zionism, the Yishuv and the State of Israel Published with the Assistance of Yad David Ben-Gurion IYUNIM BITKUMAT ISRAEL

IYUNIM BITKUMAT ISRAEL Studies in Zionism, the Yishuv and the State of Israel Published with the assistance of Yad David Ben-Gurion IYUNIM BITKUMAT ISRAEL

Studies in Zionism, the Yishuv and the State of Israel

Volume 19

THE BEN-GURION RESEARCH INSTITUTE SEDE BOQER CAMPUS BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV 2009 Editors: Avi Bareli, Gideon Katz Assistant Editor: Orna Miller Editorial Board: Avi Bareli, Daniel Gutwein, Aviva Halamish, Gideon Katz, Moshe Lissak, Esther Meir-Glitzenstein, Zaki Shalom, Avigad Vonshak Advisory Board: Avi Bareli, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Menahem Brinker, Hebrew University; Itamar Even-Zohar, Tel Aviv University; Allon Gal, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Reasearch Institute; Daniel Gutwein, Haifa University; Aviva Halamish, Open University; Gideon Katz, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Moshe Lissak, Hebrew University; Esther Meir-Glitzenstein, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Matityahu Mintz, Tel Aviv University; Israel Oppenheim, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Benjamin Pinkus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Zaki Shalom, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Moshe Shemesh, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Ilan Troen, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute; Avigad Vonshak, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Research Institute

Style Editing: Israel Ronen, Ravit Delouya, Nurit Valk, Einat Amit-Yairi Editing & Type Editing: Nili Hirt Abstracts Editing: Moshe Tlamim Cover Design: Adth Vanooijen Production Manager: Shaul Shragai

Photo Typesetting: Sefi Graphics Design, Beer Sheva Printed in Israel at Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem CONTENTS

Economy and Society Arye Krampf The Emergence of the Concept of Economic Independence in the Israeli Discourse, 1948-1966 1 Abraham Doron Israel’s Unaccountable Elite: The Case of the Finance Ministry’s Upper Echelons 35 Orit Rozin & The Israeli Medical Association in the 1950s Nadav Davidovitch and 2000s 56 Nahum Gross The Hebrew University and its Tel Aviv Branches, 1950-1970 93 Yossi Ben-Artzi ‘Kehilat Ya’akov’: The Attempt to Purchase the Hartuv Estate, 1882-1883 120

Literature and Art Tamar Wolf-Monzon ‘Tza’an’ and ‘Cana’an’: Hannale of Drohoi - The Forgotten Poem by Ya’akov Orland 143 Chaya Shacham ‘A Covenant Between the Lines’: Natan Alterman’s Image in Poetic Works 177 Dalia Manor Polish and Jewish: Maurycy Gottlieb Caught between Two Worlds 198

The Middle East Conflict Boaz Vanetik & The United States Middle East Policy: Zaki Shalom Catalyst for the Outbreak of the Yom Kippur War 205 Moshe Shemesh Nasir’s Strategy for ‘Eliminating the Traces of Aggression’, June 1967-September 1970: A Reassessment 246

Politics Amir Peleg Masada or Modi’in: Menachem Begin and His Attitude towards the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 283 Yehiam Weitz Ben-Gurion’s Attitude towards the Revisionist Movement and its Offshoots 306 Mustafa Abbasi The Destruction of Old Tiberias, 1948-1949 345 Raanan Rein & Sports, Politics and Exiles: Protests in Israel Efraim Davidi during the 1978 World Soccer Cup in Argentina 373 Anat Kidron The ‘Community Committee’ and Establishment of a Multiethnic Hebrew Community in Haifa during World War I 401

Army and Religion Aaron Kampinsky Support and Reservations: Ben-Gurion’s Attitude towards the Institutionalization of Religion in the IDF 425 Yuval Jobani Philosophical and Cultural Aspects of the Debate over Enlisting Yeshiva Students 449

The Jewish World Matityahu Mintz Activities and Conflicts of ‘The Soviet Authority for the Advancement of Jewish Land Settlement’, 1924-1925 463

Literary Criticism Esther The Elusive Past of Iraqi Jews in Israel: Meir-Glitzenstein Memoirs and the Construction of the Past (on In the Alleys of Baghdad by Salim Fattal; Baghdad, Yesterday by Sasson Somekh) 490 Aviva Halamish The Power of Myth in Literature and Life (on The Story of Bithania: Origin and Literary Transformations by Shula Keshet) 498

Abbreviations 509

List of Participants 510

List of Books Published by The Ben-Gurion Research Institute 511

ISRAEL STUDIES 521

English Abstracts i