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The American

APRIL 1971

Volume 90. i\umhrr 4

CHANGE OF ADDRESS: LEGION Nolity Circulation Depl.. V. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Iiid., 46206 iisin^' Post Officf Form H'uVv. \Uach old adilipss label and givr old and new addresses n ilh ZIP Code

number and i urrent nieniber.'-liip rard number. Magazine Also be sure to notify ymir Post Adj utant.

The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices Contents for April 1971 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10019

Publisher, James F. O'Neil

Editor WHAT THE ARMY IS DOING TO MAKE OUT Robert B. Pilkin WITHOUT THE DRAFT 4 An Editor M Marshall BY LEAVITT A. KNIGHT, JR. Assistant to Publisher Steps the army is taking to see if -it-can't make out on volunteers John Andreola and reenlistments by 1973. They're getting rid of Assistant Editor some of the "chicken," for one. James S. Svvartz Associate Editor Roy Miller SHOULD ONE-WAY CONTAINERS BE BANNED? 10 Assistant Art Editor Walter H. Boll SIDES OF A NATIONAL TWO QUESTION Production Manager pro: rep. JOSEPH P. VIGORITO (D-PA.) Art BretTifinld con: sen. JENNINGS RANDOLPH (D-W.VA.) Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford Circulation Manager THE ROWDY EARLY DAYS Dean K. Nelson OF THE VOLUNTEER Indianapolis. Ind. FIRE DEPARTMENTS 12 Advertising Sales BY PAUL DITZEL Robert Redden Associates, Inc. An account of the gaudy era of big city volunteer fire Ill West r>7tli Street ^ Neu- York, N.Y. lOOlQ fighters, from their dignified beginning in the 212-216-2546 nOO's to their fall in 1865. The American Legion IVIagazine Commission:

Jauie? E. Powers. Macon. Ca. ( Chair ninn); SOME Gl LETTERS FROM VIETNAM 18 Benjamin D. Truskoski. Bristol. Conn. ( Vice Chairman ) ; James R. Kflley. Radnor, Pu.

BY MAURICE RIES (National Commander^ s Representative ) : Lani; Armstrong. Spokane, If ash.: Charles E. Booth, A small sample of some largely ignored views of H untington. U" . Va. ; Raymond Fields, Guy-

young people loho are more involved in mon, Okla. ; iMiUord A. Forrester, Greenville, Vietnam than anyone else. S.C; Chris Hernandez, Savannah. Ga.; Myli" S. Kraja. Youngstown, Ohio; Russell H. Laird. Des Moines. loiva; Howard E, Lohnian, Moor- head^ Minn.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N.Y.' Arllinr M. MacCarthy. Tallahassee, Fla.: HOW TO GET TEENAGERS INVOLVED IN YOUR Loyd McDermott, Benton, Ark.: iMorrls Meyer. BUSINESS, TRADE, PROFESSION OR HOBBY 24 Scarkville. Miss.; J. H. Morri-., Baton Rouge. La. ; Frank W. Naylor, Jr., Kansas City BY PETER D. BOLTER Kans.; Harry H. Schaffer. Pittsburgh. Pa.; George Fresno, B. An old, familiar organization now has 217,000 high school youths Sinopoli, Calif. : George

Stover. Jonestown, Pa. ; Way ne L. I'alberl. sampling the inside life of industry, business, medicine, Delphi, Ind.; J. Cornelius Tromp, iMnnhattait police work, fire fighting or you name it. A phone call III.: Robert H. Wilder, Dndcville. Ala.: Ed- A^eir York. might get you in as a sponsor, too, if you're interested. ward McSweenev, N.Y. (Consull-

ant) ; Chester K. Shore. Helma, Mont. (Coti- sultant).

The American Legion Magazine is piibUsbe

postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price : single

copy. 20 cents ; yearly subscriptions, -1?2.00. Departinents Order nonmember suhserijitions from the Cir- culation Department of The American Legion, P.O. Box 1954. Indianapolis. Ind. 46206. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 28 Editorial and advertising oflfices : 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019. DATELINE WASHINGTON 17 PERSONAL 54 Wholly owned by The American Legion with LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 23 LEGION SHOPPER 55 National Headquarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. Alfred P. Chamie, National Commander. PARTING SHOTS 56 NONMEMBER SUBSCRIPTIONS Send name and address, including ZIP num- ber, with S2 check or money order to Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1954, Indian- Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, apolis, Ind. 46206. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material! POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1954 Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 .

support of all responsible efiforts to im- plement the humanitarian provisions of LETTERS TO THE EDITOR the Geneva Convention relative to the treatment of prisoners of war, and (2) that it request the government to seek the immediate release of all P.O.W.'s. Letters iiubVished do not necessarily ex- a supposed list of prisoners to dove Con- Peter Chase, Canon Residentiary press the policy of The American Legion. gressmen, the list may be false, and John Keep letters short. Name and address must The Cathedral Church of St. be jurnished. Expressions of opinion and their failure to release it to our govern- the Divine requests for personal serinces are appreci- ment or the Red Cross is an evasion. New York, N.Y. ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or answered, due to lack of magazine staff for But they only release it because they these purposes. Requests for personal ser- are hurting. When they let in a little sir: I would like to express my appre- vices icJiicIi may be legitimately asked of The American Legion should be made to more mail for the prisoners, as they ciation to National Commander Chamie tiour Post Service Officer or ynur .state have done, they are reacting in a half- for his article. It expressed a feeling that (Department) American Legioi! Hq. Send letters to the editor to: Letters. The measure, but they are reacting. When I'm sure all Americans feel at this par- Legion Magazine, 1345 Avenue of American they give our too-generous TV stations ticula ' *'me in our destiny. It was a job tlip Americas. New York, N.Y. 10019. TV films showing how "kindly" thoy well ctoii^. treat prisoners, it may be phon>- Canole THE PRISONER OF WAR ISSUE the Debra propaganda. But the act of releasing it Placentia, Calif sir: In his editorial on protesting North indicates that the protest persuad > Vietnam's treatment of American pris- them, as Commander Chamie said, th 'l LINCOLN AND HIS DETRACTORS oners of war (Feb.) National Legion their treatment of the P.O.W.'s contrar\ sir: I have read of the bad time Presi- Commander Alfred P. Chamie was ab- to international law is "an albatross dent Lincoln's enemies gave him during solutely right when he said that the around their necks." his life, yet I never realized the extent name of the game on behalf of the Let us not be faint-hearted if the of venom and mendacity in their dia- P.O.W.'s is "persistence, keep it (the going is slow. The name of the game tribes until I read Tom Mahoney's ac- protest) up, never let it die but only let is persistence. count of them in the February issue, it grow," and urged Legiormaires and J.L. Schwartz "The Abuse of a President . . . Abra- all others to "swell the public protest in Neiv York, N.Y. Lincoln and His Detractors." every way that we and other organiza- ham Contemporary hatred of former Presi- tions will suggest from time to time, and dents should be appraised lightly in re- in every way they can think of by them- sir: With reference to your most helpful trospect. It seems to have varied in direct selves." article by National Commander Alfred to point out ratio to their accomplishments. The five The protest is effective, even if the P. Chamie, I would like Episcopal Presidents whom historians classify as Communists reveal it in roundabout that the SVa million member resolu- greatest have been the worst victims. ways. It is hurting them to hear from Church passed two important at it ' General I am old enough to remember the savage all around the world, day in and day tions on prisoners of war 1970: attacks on Theodore Roosevelt in his out, that they are equitable with Hitler Convention in Houston in Octobin- it;- day. He is now regarded as a hero, but in their barbarisms. When they release (1) that the Episcopal Church affirm

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2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 in his time his bold actions were "bad line Will Mean" (February). I've read for business"; he was a "colossal ego- and heard about this in news stories and Your choice of an exciting tist," etc. gasoline ads, yet never had the faintest Alfred F. Parker idea of what it was all about. Along Portland, Ore. with most people, I suppose, I had imag- OUTDOOR CAREER ined that lead in gasoline was itself a sir: I wasn't deceived that Tom Ma- serious air pollutant and never supposed is waiting for you honey's fine article on Abraham Lincoln that the real problem was that lead and the abuse he took when in office was makes pollution control devices on cars if you qualify just a historical article without any cur- close to unworkable. (I also learned that rent meaning. The parallels between for years I've been wasting money and Lincoln's irresponsible abusers and polluting the air by buying high test those who have flayed and ridiculed gasoline for a car whose compression Yes, we'll train you Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon and ratio doesn't require it.) Spiro Agnew were too obvious to miss. George P. Bullein at home in your spare Thanks for this gentle way of going San Francisco, Calif. into history to take the modern whiners time for one of the and posturers to task without hitting sir: Let me subscribe to Mr. Ardman's

them over the head with a club. I hope statement that users of Amoco 's un- 60,000 jobs waiting in Mr. Johnson, Mr. Nixon and Mr. Agnew leaded gas over the years have always Forestry . . . Game Law Enforce- may have read it and can take comfort if boasted that they paid more for it ment . . . Recreation . . . Soil in how history judges the criticized and their engines hummed into old age al- Conservation . . . Fish Manage-

the critics. . . most like new, with fewer spark plug ment . Resource Management Hyman Katz changes, longer lived mufflers and tail- . . . Wild Life Management, etc. Brooklyn, N.Y. pipes, fewer oil changes and fewer en- Mail coupon below for FREE gine tune-ups. I make that boast. My Career Kit which shows you how to train at home, in BUSINESS PITFALLS cars, on a fairly steady diet of unleaded your spare time, for the out- sir: I can't speak for others, but for gas, always died of body rot, transmis- door career you want. myself Maury Delman's February sion breakdown, suspension-system Openings exist almost everywhere: article, "Pitfalls to Avoid in Starting breakdown, etc., at a ripe old age when in State and National Parks, Forests, Your Own Business," was just what I the engines were still purring along 1^ I with Game Preserves, luxurious like to read. It is unlike many magazine only a minimum of upkeep. Lead in gas private Sports Clubs, lum- articles in being absolutely packed with has its virtues, but the public will find bering and industry . . . with organizations right in your useful information and references. Such that unleaded gas has its virtues, too. own area. reading may possibly seem dull to The oil companies may have their You earn a good Uving people who have to be tickled with cute revenge on Detroit for forcing lead out with periodic raises and writing and trivia. But give me some- of gas, when Detroit finds that unleaded advancement. Many jobs include free housing, uni- thing with permanent value and great gas people will be able to run cars longer form allowances, hospital usefulness—which is what Mr. Delman before buying new ones. insurance, pension plans, gave us. Harvey K. Brown generous vacations. Lyman L. Knight Philadelphia, Pa. The man who wears the Boston, Mass. badge of an outdoor officer is admired by women... respected THE USD'S 30TH YEAR ^ by men. He is a man of action

LIFE ON THE WAGON . . TRAINS sir: Louis Sobol's article, "The Story 7 . qualified to rescue people in danger ... to enforce our laws sir: Your reference to the destruction of the USO," in your January issue was and protect our wildlife. He of- of a liquor-laden wagon train ordered a knockout—right on target! He said the ten carries a pistol and knows by Major O'Farrell of the 11th Ohio right things to the 2,600,000-plus mem- how to use it. A career like this Cavalry in can the article "Life on the bers of the Legion and the article will be yours — even without a Western High School diploma. Approved Wagon Trails" (January) does bring much benefit to the USO, not only for veterans under the GI Bill. not jibe with my understanding of the in telling the story, but in rekindling National School of Conservation, event, which is that the troops destroyed memories as we enter our 30th Anni- 1129-20th St., N.W., Washington, only the liquor. When Major O'Farrell, versary Year. We have already received D.C. 20036 — the Conservation Capital of America! who commanded , the troops protecting requests for reprints from all over the Get all the the train, saw that Facts in this big some of his men were country. So please accept not only per- Career Kit-yours tipsy, he ordered the Officer of the Day sonal thanks but also the appreciation to take a detachment, find the source of of the entire USO organization. the whiskey and destroy it. The detach- Emmett O'Donnell, Jr. ment discovered that the liquor was President, USO, Inc. coming • Job openings for from one of the civilian wagons. New York, N.Y. Sportsmen The men confiscated the barrels • Career Guidebook knocked the heads in and let the liquor • "How to finance AUTHOR THANKS VETS FOR your education" run out. The story follows that the NEEDED INFO booklet whiskey ran down toward a spring. The sir: In your January Letters Field Training to the brochure troops used their boot heels to make Editor page, you were kind enough to depressions in the earth to catch the publish a letter from me in which I whiskey, then laid belly down to drink. asked former U.S. servicemen who were A lot of the whiskey reached the spring. in Australia during WW2 to write me Later on, one soldier staggered up to of their recollections or impressions of National School of Conservation the major and said, after he saluted, my country. I have been inundated with Dept. 4304N, 1129-20thSt., N.W. "Major, that's the best damned spring replies and am writing to express my Washlneton, D.C. 20036 I ever drank out of." Without cost Of obligation, please rush me the com- gratitude to you for publishing let- my plete CONSERVATION CAREER KIT — FREE. This W.L. Marion ter. I shall certainly endeavor to reply kit includes details on how I can qualify at home, Lander, in my spare time, for an exciting career in Wyo. to every letter received, but as this may the great outdoors. No salesman will visit. Age take a little time would all those kind UNLEADED Print GAS folk \"ho wrote to me regard this letter Name sir: Thanks for wrapping up, and clari- as an acknowledgement. fying, the Address. story behind doing away with J.A. Prior lead in our gasoline by publishing Har- Sijlvania Waters, City- -State. -Zip. vey Ardman's "What Unleaded Gaso- Accredited Member of the N ational N.S.W., Australia I Home Study Council SJ THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 3 —

What the Army is Doing

Veterans can only cheer many of the reforms

ordered for the "new army," as long as they

don't make it a "soft army" in the process.

By LEAVITT A. KNIGHT, Jr. manders, Westmoreland had already laid the groundwork to do away with a Oct. 12. 1970. U.S. Secretary lot of procedures, restrictions and other ONof Defense Melvin Laird told things that irk enlisted men and junior the U.S. Army that President Richard officers, when the irritants have no real M. Nixon had picked a target date of value or purpose.

July 1, 1973, for the army to get along Westmoreland issued army-wide or- without the draft. The army was told ders ( 1 ) to dispense immediately with that it should then be ready to depend quite a list of seemingly needless irrita- on volunteers and reenlistments to fill tions that were obvious at first look and its manpower requirements. (2) to improve some procedures that The present draft law expires on July are often conducted in a way not cal-

1, 1971, and the President said he would culated to endear men to them. ask Congress to extend it two more Westmoreland put the axe, in particu- years to give the army time to readjust lar, to a lot of procedures as regular army itself in order to attract and hold enough routine without taking them away from volunteers. local commanders when there's a local Whether the army can meet the target reason for them. In effect, he said to local date is a question we'll have the answer commanders, "You can still do this and to in 1973. that for a good reason, but not just be-

The present army stands at 1.153,000, cause the army always did it that way." of whom a third are draftees, and more The list of things he abolished as army would not have volunteered had there routine was too long for the press and been no draft on their necks. Never in the public to wrap up into a neat mental history has the army had a recruiting picture. As a result one item on his list setup to maintain a force of over a mil- became a sort of symbol for the rest lion men. It always had the draft when the abolition of the reveille formation needs were so great. as a standard army procedure. The army will ask Congress for a It's almost funny that a popular con- greatly expanded recruiting and adver- ception thus grew up that "We're gonna tising budget, and of course it must get have a new army by doing away with an adequate one if it is to do the job. reveille." In fact, some former GI's have The flag goes up with all due respect on a cold But all the recruiters and ads in the been heard to wonder: "If they quit world won't enlist an army if the poten- blowing the bugle, what are they going been made symbolic of the rest, let's tial recruits aren't having any. to do, let the fellows get up whenever take a thoughtful look at it. The army will have to do its part to they please?" No easing has been made of the re- make an army hitch or career more at- This shows how hard it is going to quirement that all hands be "present and tractive without, in the process, making be for the public to digest what's up with accounted for" at the first work forma- it soft, undisciplined and useless as an the "new army." Regarding reveille. tion of the day. Readers who may not army. Westmoreland told every commander be veterans should know the reveille for- Last Nov. 30, Army Chief of Staff to do away with "needless formations." mation happened at 6 a.m. You stumbled Gen. William Westmoreland called a The only formation he disposed of by out of your sack, hustled into some conference of top army commanders to direct order whenever it isn't needed was clothes, and fell in for roll call (usually

Washington for a three-day huddle on the reveille formation ( not the bugle outdoors in fair weather or foul), all be- how the army would make itself more call). He characterized it as "needless," fore breakfast. attractive to volunteers and reenlistees whenever no special reason could be It's a fact that, when you got in a without going soft. cited for it. As a veteran, this writer feels combat area, this formation was usually In attendance was each commander an automatic antagonism to such a dispensed with immediately. It was a of an American army, as well as the "soft" order. But, on reflection, the basis form of peacetime, stateside or rear area theater commanders here and overseas. of my hostility is envy— it didn't come rigamarole that you didn't have any In addition to conferring with his com- soon enough. Since the reveille order has truck with as soon as an army was en-

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRI L 1971 to Make Out Without the Draft

winter morning at Fort Dix. Missing are the rows of men roused out of their bunks for reveille formation.

gaged in doing what it was created to rageous. So long as everyone had to get On further reflection, it's sort of warm- do—fight. to chow on time or not eat, and so long ing that of all the army formations, the To tell the truth, many a guy went as he jolly well had to report to his first one that Westmoreland singled out by back to his sack after the reveille forma- duty after breakfast (which he still has name as usually "needless" was the rev- tion. He did or didn't skip breakfast, and to if he wants to keep his figurative eille formation. It's a long time since he kept out of trouble so long as he then scalp), what was the point of making General Westmoreland was a cadet. One made it to his first regular or "work"" tired and sleepy men form up for a nose- suspects that the reveille formation out- formation of the day. count a few minutes after awakening? raged him as a cadet, and nothing

With the abolition of the reveille for- On a fair summer morning it wasn't changed his mind in the years when he mation as standard procedure, the army so bad for a naturally early riser, but rose to be the top officer in the army. wisely recognizes how detested and use- few men failed to resent, or bitterly hate, When given the nod by the President to less was that army custom of which standing in the dark—chattering, shiver- look at army customs to get rid of need- Irving Berlin wrote, more than 50 years ing and half awake—in the bleak snow less irritations, one feels that it was ago: "Oh! How I hate to get up in the or rain of a bitter pre-dawn winter morn- Cadet Westmoreland who forthwith morning." ing for a formation that led to nothing. reached out the arm of General West- Many an enlisted man and junior offi- And, like as not, some non-com who was moreland to strike down the reveille for- cer always felt that the reveille forma- supposed to call the roll came sauntering mation. tion was demeaning and personally out- along late to prolong the misery. But he only emphasized getting rid of

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 Removal of arbitrary mileage restrictions Barracks partitioned so there are two men to a room. Two occupants here on leave lets more men visit families. have visitors of their choice. Army hasn't the money to partition all barracks yet.

CONTINUED What the Army is Doing to Make Out Without the Draft

what's "needless." Even reveille may still of alert conditions, to "serve 3.2 beer sign-out and the bed check have been be held by a training commander if he routinely during evening meals in mess notorious affronts to the notion that the

thinks it helps in training to instill rap- halls," and to "install beer-vending ma- army makes men. Such accountability idly the necessary army regimen in chines in barracks." may have its purpose in alert conditions,

trainees. Then it would serve a purpose. Well, why on earth not? The beer ra- in combat theaters, and perhaps in train-

It can be held for ceremonial purposes tion, when you could get it, was a boon ing as something to graduate from. But or on other "special occasions." And to weary men in WW2. The well-known on peacetime duty at home for trained nothing prevents any local commander reality is that few people like the let- men? from having the bugle sound at 6 a.m. down of a quaff" of beer quite so much To leave your camp when the day's

to tell the men what time it is. But West- as the soldier or sailor who has put in a duty was done, and you had no further moreland clearly told each commander hard, regimented day. The historic al- obligation until the first formation in the to have a purpose for a formation or ternative to a bone-dry military camp morning, you needed a written form,

don't hold it. in peacetime (while the officers had and had to sign out when you left and Since all commanders have West- their bar) —or to beer at the PX at lim- sign in when you returned. moreland's negative opinion of reveille ited hours where hundreds stood in Is this necessary in a country where formations, one suspects that few of line—was to go into town and get most civilians on their jobs can quit at them will be thinking up reasons why sotted on something potent or sneak 5 p.m. without signing out and be trusted

they are "needed." In case they do. the something into camp and down it sub to report at 9 a.m. without signing in? Chief of Staff didn't give the officers the rasa. The British found out long ago (And who ever heard of your civilian option of sleeping while the sergeants that daily grog made life more palatable boss coming around to see if you were or corporals rouse out the enlisted men in its navy. They were serving rum, in bed at midnight?) lor reveille formation. "When held," he which is a lot more potent than 3.2 beer, Typically, in a stateside army installa- said, "they should be musters of all offi- when the British Navy was the greatest tion, the guys who left camp to go into cers and enlisted men from the com- fleet alloat. It's hardly conceivable that, town in the evening had to line up, some-

mander on down." if a country's civilians can drink any- times several hundred strong, to sign out But the "new army's" pursuit of con- thing they want after hours, the army and show their passes. The lineup to ditions that might help attract enough will go to seed over a nip of weak beer. check out could eat into precious off- volunteers to make the draft unnecessary Westmoreland eliminated the "pass duty hours, and many a Joe at the tail hardly depends on the question of reveille form" and "sign-in and sign-out" re- end missed a bus, or worse, as a result. or no reveille. quirements, as well as "bed check" prac- The sign-out was particularly humiliat- Westmoreland's immediate orders tices. These have been standard pro- ing when, as sometimes happened, some-

were only a start. He began with a list cedures which treated men like children. one in authority at the sign-out post of changes that could be ordered without Their elimination reflects the general decided you needed a haircut, so he or- costing any more money: and there was tone of all Westmoreland's immediate dered you to the barber shop when you a lot more on his list of stuff that the orders. They can be boiled down to had a date with Gladys at Main and Elm. like don't This is just the sort of humiliation that army could just as well { 1 ) do without. "let's treat men men, and (2) start doing, or (3) do better. crack down on them unless they prove people don't seek voluntarily, and stand- He authorized local commanders in they can't act like men." He has recog- ing up Gladys does not make us a more non-combat areas, and in the absence nized that the pass form, the sign-in and powerful nation.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRI L 1971 Company clerk with empty "out basket' Lnlisted men's club at Dix, for privates and Pfc's, one of many that have in tlie war against slow paper work. made life on the grounds more palatable at stateside army installations.

As for the bed check, a superior who the way we ex-GI's expressed the same are in Cleveland or Denver, why arbi- happened to flash a light on your bunk thought, no veteran has to have it ex- trarily hold you to about Harrisburg if at, say, a minute after midnight, could plained to him. If there's a non-veteran you're on duty at Dix? Maybe the army get you into a peck of trouble if your reader who doesn't dig it, let's just say will prove that if you let a guy go home bed were empty. You were AWOL! that the military has always had a genius he'll get into less trouble than if he has Trainees may need a dose of this to learn for lining up a bunch of men on the to spend his weekend leave in strange that the army means business when it double, then marching them off at a surroundings among dubious "friends" has to. But for guys who've had their brisk pace to some place where they and entertainments. There are very few training and are behaving well on nor- stand and stand and stand and stand and reasons to restrict a soldier with a clean mal stateside duty, why? stand while nothing happens. The Chief record to 250 miles or any set distance A soldier spending the evening today of Staff has told all units to do all they unless and until he fails to make his in, say. New York, could be late getting can lo cut out this "hurry up and wait" Monday formation. Westmoreland has back to his bunk because the whole city business. Who would say that the army eased nothing for the guy who does that.

transportation system is fouled up. Wiiy would not be more attractive to volun- He's told the army to let the responsible make a federal case of it? teers without it? Who would say that soldier go where he wants on his own

Is it a sin for a grown man to get "hurry up and wait" is a revered tradi- time, just so he's back on duty when he's to bed after midnight when the military tion that's necessary in order to make supposed to be. has no call on him until after breakfast? an effective army? Not this observer. Orders went to the whole army to Only if the attitude is that soldiers are Just how much h.u.a.w. the units will "improve communications, up and children who have to be watched over eliminate when told by the Chief of down." And to make sure there was

by superiors playing boarding-school Staff to use their ingenuity to cut it down some "interim report " on a personnel monitor. Is this a necessary attitude, or remains to be seen. There are reasons request "within 24 hours." Commanders

is it just an old army tradition? The for some of it, but you couldn't convince were told to keep their doors open to army is going to find out. and it's going any veteran that there was a reason for hear special requests from their men to give its men the chance to prove that all of it. "continuously," instead of at some very they can make tomorrow's first forma- Westmoreland told local commanders brief hours of the day or evening. tion, bright-eyed and bushy-tailed, with- to eliminate "locally imposed restric- That won't be too easy. This writer out being watched over by a lot of pre- tions on distance that individuals may doubts that commanders can keep their scribed baby-sitting and rigamurole travel." Well, now. A guy gets a week- doors open "continuously," unless Con- based on implicit distrust. end pass. He leaves Friday and doesn't gress puts up dough to give them many Even those of us to whom this relaxa- have a formation to make until Monday more ranking aides. They have other tion comes as a shock, compared to morning. Today, if he has the money, things to do with their time. But "com- "when we were in service." must own he could buy an airplane ticket and visit munications up and down" can still be up that what Westmoreland is attack- his wife or girl friend or mother in San "improved," and you know that West- ing as unnecessary and degrading is Francisco—even if he's on duty in New moreland knows it. what we also attacked as unnecessary Jersey—and still make his Monday for- It has often been too hard for an en- and degrading by calling it "chicken." mation. listed man to get a high ear on a matter Westmoreland issued general instruc- But he might be bound by a local on which he needs a high ear. Here's an tions to "various units to reduce waiting order not to go more than 250 miles example of what could—and sometimes time and speed up handling of personnel away. Why? If your friends and family did—happen: An enlisted man's wife is actions." Even if this language is not PHOTOS BY WERNER WOLF having a baby. He puts through a paper THE A ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 f coNT NUEoWhat the Army is Doing to Make Out Without the Draft asking for leave. His paper drifts slowly rules his men by earning their respect years it has been a prime reason for from basket to basket. The child could and developing their pride. There's no married career personnel to quit the be born before the man with the author- other kind that good men will volun- army. Westmoreland couldn't create bet- executive order. It ity to OK the leave ever sees his request. tarily serve under, while few soldiers ter army housing by It's not tluii bad all over, but Westmore- worth keeping ever really objected to will take money that Congress hasn't ap- land knew what ho was talking about. discipline that was reasonable. propriated yet. But when he talked about A new recruit might know nothing Westmoreland ordered another wrin- improving things for families, he laid the all about bad communications "up and kle which, if it can be accomplished, housing problem on the line above down." but when the "new army" tries will put the army one-up on most of else. to get more men to reenlist. old hands our public educational systems. He told The changes we've cited so far were will know from experience whether training commands to develop ways to ordered by Westmoreland almost off the they've gotten a reasonable ear higher move men in training along at their nat- top of his head. To him they were so up when they needed it. Westmoreland ural learning pace. If this seems aca- obvious that he didn't bother to "study" to says: "Give it to them. We want them demic, it isn't. If there's anything worse them for a couple of years first. In addi- re-up." than being a guy who has his enthusiasm tion, he told the army staff to make The "24-hour action" order on "per- for a course of training dampened be- further study that looks deeper in the sonnel questions asked by an individual" cause he's held down to the pace of the same direction, to "review unnecessarily doesn't require a commander to make slowest learner, it's the slow learner who restrictive or unnecessary army regula- difficult matter. It a fast decision on a is treated like a dunce because he falls tions, to simplify the language and con- does require that the man's question get behind the pace. Very often these differ- tent of existing regulations" and to make as high as it must go within 24 hours, ences have nothing to do with how "suggestions on regulations that appear in baskets while instead of sitting around bright you are, but depend on your back- to be outdated or in need of change." the man who filed it chews his nails and ground—how much you already know, All that we've mentioned has been or- if it's gotten past the doesn't even know how fast you read, whether you already dered. It remains to be seen how well first "out" basket. He is going to be told know the technical language of the sub- local commands will carry it out. There within 24 hours that his request is at will foot-dragging by some tradition- ject or not . . . and so on. If the army be least being considered, and that it got

where it was supposed to go. A simple request will be granted or refused within a dny when this gets going as ordered. Westmoreland has ordered non-com- missioned oflicers (sergeants and cor- porals) to "engage in recnlistmcnt ac- tivities." Now in the old. old army of many years ago the sergeants were the chief ones to persuade their men to re- enlist for another hitch. But our modern army has more or less set aside a spe- cial "career counseling" oflker who must, as a matter of routine, ask each man at some time to reenlist. This can be a bit of purely perfunctory bu- reaucracy, producing a piece of paper showing that each man was duly asked, but not necessarily producing the sort of reenlistmcnt rate the army will need before 1973. in putting The Chief of Staff is astute At left, loan closet at Dix to lend household items to new families that some responsibility for getting reenlist- haven't settled down yet. Right, a drive-in commissary—also at Dix. ments on the shoulders of those who alists. It take more ingenuity than normally order the enlisted men around. can come up with fast and slow training will found at some sites to imple- Two kinds of sergeants will show up for fast and slow learners (and that's a can be of Westmoreland's orders. with a sorry record in soliciting reen- question) it will probably get more out ment some its Lack of enough time, money and per- listments. The petty tyrant who pulls of both its fast learners and slow of the sonnel may hamstring some more of pure "chicken" in his normal handling learners, and they'll get more out offers, them. But Westmoreland means busi- of his men won't find many takers. Nor training opportunities the army ness, and the 1973 deadline of the Presi- will the too-easygoing non-com who too. dent (not to mention some Congressmen runs his outfit so loosely that nobody Westmoreland called for greater em- families" and for vv-ho want to end the draft this year) ex- takes enough pride in it to volunteer phasis on "the care of to erts inexorable pressure to create an for another go-around. The "new army" improving the "service attractiveness family man army that more than a million men will idea may fail for a number of reasons, army wives." Ask any army free will. a corps officer or enlisted—about service at- want to serve in of their own but it cannot succeed without — It's the kind of situation that may see of sergeants who run a tight outfit, but tractiveness as far as families are con- he'll give you one central a housecleaning of officers who don't do it reasonably and fairly. One thinks cerned and —"housing." The show enough enthusiasm or flexibility. Westmoreland is not only astute, but word of complaint for junior As it is now, the army dare not fail and cute, in ordering non-coms to get re- general housing situation on cannot tolerate officers who make serv- enlistments. It's a single stroke that puts officers—let alone enlisted men— that in recent ice repulsive for no good reason other u premium on the kind of sergeant who stateside duty is so bad 8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APR IL 1971 — —

urday off to any unit that had done its week's work by Friday, and let them go Friday night instead of holding them for a perfectly senseless Saturday morn- ing formation. He tackled the serious dope problem on a rehabilitation basis instead of dumping addicts on society with a dishonorable discharge (and Tol- son did the same with his airborne troops at Bragg). In the eyes of some of the news media, two of the "great" things Rogers did at Carson were to allow "psychedelic" in- terior decoration in recreation areas and barracks, and permit go-go girls at camp club entertainment. Psychedelic art and go-go girls aren't going to win any bat- tles. They just make good P.R. froth

to dramatize army changes. But it makes good sense to take the barrenness and stark boredom out of off-duty hours with whatever legitimate entertainment

and informal decor. If I remember rightly, the army that whipped Hitler and Tojo used pinups, cartoons and A short-order counter at a stateside army station for duty personnel crazy mottoes for wallpaper from the who'd as soon pass up the regular chow and/or the regular chow line. front lines to America's heartland. It than habit howled in glee at Bob Hope, whistled at and accustomed privilege. mended, if he'd been asked his opinion. USO cuties. and sat through some of the And tiiis is only a start. There's a In fact, a lot of the WW2 soldiery worst grade movies great deal more to it B ever mad: rather come when can officers and men—carried out these re- than suffer the sterile nothingness of be worked out, tested and financed. forms "behind the barn"" whenever they army Westmoreland has named a special as- after-hours time. It was still a could. I recently asked a few of my good army. If today"s GI's prefer sistant to manage the move toward a vol- fellow WW2 veterans what they thought psy- unteer chedelic art to pinups, and go-go girls army—Lt. Gen. George For- of abolishing reveille, and to my surprise sythe, former c.o. of Fort Benning. to Jane Russells (and I'm not sure they Ga.. each one I picked on to get his opinion and then of the all do), it's only a difference in detail. Combat Development said: ""Well. I always managed to get out Many of Fort Carson's 5th Command. Part of Forsythe's job is to re- of it." Let us not say \vhich generation Army men ceive reports (and evaluate them) from was the smarJer! .."found a home" in Rogers' army. They three army camps which are trying vari- stayed on the grounds more in their free The fact is that Westmoreland. ous innovations as experiments to see time and hung around the off-duty clubs Rogers. Tolson. Forsythe. el al.. were what more can be and the coffee house he set up there. done to make a good young soldiers of 25 years ago, who have army that is more palatable in its treat- now risen to enough rank to wring the ment and management of men. These are chicken's neck. The "new army" reforms Benning, Fort Carson, Colo., and Fort may be, in part, a delayed revolution Ord, Calif. Carson is especially interest- from the WW2 citizen army which cared ing because, late in 1969, Maj. Gen. Ber- very little for chicken. Many (not all) of nard W. Rogers took command there and the reserve officers of WW2 (and plenty wiped out a lot of the "chicken" and of the regulars) swept "the book" under needless irritants on his own initiative. the rug whenever they could, yet ran He treated his men like grownups and highly effective units with the unswerv- the evidence is that, in balance, he left ing loyalty of their men. When it comes a happier and more effective camp be- to the modern soldiers' outspoken con- hind last December the when army tempt for the less reasonable army cus- moved him to Washington to head its up toms, it may not have occurred to the legislative liaison branch. generals that a lot of them learned it at General Rogers characterized a lot of their fathers' knees. Admiral Zumwalt, the senseless rigamarole that the mili- Chief of Naval Operations, is a WW2 tary has Above, a beer vending machine m bar- imposed on men over whom it junior who is running a chicken hunt in racks. On cover, soldier in Dix chow line has absolute authority as "self-inflicted the navy now that he has enough braid with mug of 3.2 beer okayed by army. wounds" that the army had suffered for on his shoulders. a hundred years. At Fort Carson, General Rogers led AWOL's dropped and the soldier crime He got an echo from Gen. John Tol- the way in many of the things Westmore- rate in nearby Colorado Springs tum- son, commander of the tough 18th Air- land ordered for the whole army a yeai bled. The reenlistment rate jumped more borne Corps at Fort Bragg, N.C. Tolson later. He scrapped needless formations, than 45% and stayed up. said it was time to "cut out the crap." set up more on-grounds entertainment, If the newsmen thought that letting Tolson, and some others, have been more than doubled the number of en- psychedelic art in the army was the big quoted to the effect that today's soldiers listed men's clubs, and established an thing (it makes a "great" photo). General are "smarter" than the soldiers of 25 Enlisted Men's Council to channel gripes Rogers felt that other reforms were more years ago, and have to be treated so. and suggestions upwards. He adopted important, particularly eliminating a lot Doubtful. What these generals are doing, 70 of a hundred-odd views that the of the "make work" that used to impris- any private of WW2 would have recom- Council sent up in a year. He gave Sat- (Continued on page 42)

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 Q .

Opposing Views by Congressmen on The Question SHOULD ONE-WAY

"YES" AMERICA HAS become a throw away society. The the consumer money on 1960's saw the American people adopt a buy-use- the purchase price. It is throw away syndrome that has aflfected a diverse estimated that Americans grouping of items, from diapers to automobiles. More could save $706 million than 190 million tons of this refuse are collected in the per year if they purchased United States every year, most of it from households all soft drinks in return- and commercial establishments. This means that every able, money-back contain- American generates about 98 pounds of refuse per day. ers. Another $800 million Unless much of this refuse is recycled, we will soon would be saved if all beer bury ourselves under our own garbage. was purchased in similar The nonreturnable soft drink and beer container has containers. become symbolic of the entire solid waste pollution A recycling of our bev- Vigorito erage containers would Rep. Joseph P. problem. Most beverages were packaged in returnable (D-Pa.) containers until a widespread industry shift—moti- save valuable resources. 24th District vated merely by convenience—to nonreturnable con- We do not have endless sources of aluminum and tin to tainers occurred in the late 1950's and early 1960's. In to make cans. We do not have endless resources resources many cases, therefore, the mechanical structure and make glass. We must begin to recycle these the knowledge to recycle beverage containers already before our supplies become critically low. vital first exist. More importantly, all this would mark a solid waste pollution that What would we gain if we were to recycle these step in an all-out attack on containers? First of all we would remove the blight threatens to bury us if nothing is done. wait, on our roadways and parks. We all have driven We must not linger, however. The longer we through our countryside and been disgusted by the the worse the problem will become. The soft drink in non- many soft drink and beer containers lying along the industry will produce 95 9f of all soft drinks road. returnable containers by 1975. The brewing industry retailing A recycling of our beverage containers would save will far exceed this pace by producing and in nonreturnables by 1972. tax dollars. Last year it cost $176 million to dispose practically all its products march to of the 46.8 billion beverage containers produced. This To paraphrase Thoreau, we must begin to existing staggering cost does not include the equally staggering the beat of a different drummer before the the cost of collecting these containers. drummer marches us further and further down A recycling of our beverage containers would save path of pollution.

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel on this big

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 CONTAINERS BE BANNED? "NO" AMONG THE EVERYDAY In addition to the public's reluctance to use return- items that have helped able bottles in large numbers is the unwillingness of sustain the American way retailers to assume the added cost of handling them. of life at its high level are The challenge thus seems to be one of finding ways the metal can and the glass of recycling discarded cans and bottles instead of try- bottle. They have made ing to impose the reuse of containers on a public and possible the easy, inexpen- business structure that do not want them. sive distribution of liter- Extensive research and testing over the past few ally hundreds of products years have developed new methods of separating and throughout the country. recovering many materials that were once simply At the same time, they thrown away. Widespread adoption of these processes contribute significantly to would make eminently good sense for several reasons. Sen. Jennings Randolph the mounting problems we First, recycling solve (D-W. Va.) would the problem of what to face in the disposal of solid do with discarded cans and bottles as well as other wastes, particularly since the development of the one- forms of trash that are now burned or buried. Perhaps way, disposable bottle and can. equally as important is the fact that the continued From the litter along our roadways it is easy to see heavy drain on our natural resources would be allevi- not only the extent of the nonreturnable containers, ated if materials could be used over again. but also why they are of great concern, as we try to I do not underestimate the magnitude or the serious- maintain a clean environment. They are numerous and ness of the throw away bottle and can problem. I do they are highly visible. Consequently, there is now a not believe, however, that banning one-way contain- movement to cope with the problem by prohibiting the ers is the proper way to effectively halt the growing use of one-way containers. accumulations of trash. At first glance this may seem to be a quick and effec- A much more practical solution lies in the immediate tive way to solve the problem. I believe, however, that adoption of methods of recovering and reusing not only few long-range benefits would result from the banning bottles and cans but the many other materials that of throw away bottles and cans. are now wastefully thrown away. In the first place, the public apparently views throw away and returnable bottles in virtually the same light, discarding returnable bottles on which a deposit is paid just as quickly as the cheaper nonreturnable bottles.

I

I have read in The American Legion Magazine for April the arguments in PRO & CON: Should One-Way Containers Be Banned?

IN MY OPINION ONE-WAY CONTAINERS SHOULD BE BANNED issue, fill out the "ballot" and mail it to him. ^ SHOULD NOT BE BANNED Q.

SIGNED. ADDRESS.

TOWN STATE.

You can address any Representative c/o U.S. House of Representatives, Wash- ington, D.C. 20515; any Senator c/o U.S. Senate, Wastiington, D.C. 20510.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 H THE ROWDY EARLY DAYS OF THE Volunteer Fire Departments

were organized like volunteers, and had big city unpaid The rise and fall of other jobs, but when they dropped every- thing to fight a fire they were paid for and call men to- firemen from colonial days to 1865. it. Today, volunteers gether still outnumber full-time paid

firemen by about 1 V4 million to 250,- By PAUL DITZEL they resisted the "threat" of new and 000. Quite a few sizable towns today better fire-fighting equipment that might reinforce full-time fire departments with xcnPT FOR A period in colonial Bos- upset their "traditional" way of doing volunteers or call men, while many small E of a paid towns and rural areas have only volun- ton, there is no record things. behind fire department in any American city This raucous, rowdy era of the old- teers. With their gaudy days be until Cincinnati started going profes- time volunteer fire companies rose from them, today's volunteers tend to more fire-fighting breed sional in 1853 and soon thereafter had dignified beginnings in the 1700's to a of the civic-minded in the days of an all-paid fire department. crescendo of scandalous behavior in the that volunteers were back

: \.NCK ( (IMl'ANY Until then, virtually every American COLRTESY OK THE FIREFIGHTING MLSEUM OF I lIE II INSL'R fire fighter was a volunteer, and the fire departments and companies were private organizations, though iisLially semi- official by virtue of a city charter. Our very early fire companies were *1E formed and led by distinguished local civic leaders. Then a peculiar thing hap- pened to them. Starting around 1800, and continuing for the better part of the last century, many of the fire companies found themselves to be the most tight- knit social groups in their communities. They became exclusive and proud social units, then rival gangs and political powers. Boss Tweed formed the nucleus of his "Tweed Ring" political machine in New York City out of his fire com- pany, and the Tammany tiger was an emblem he borrowed from the decora- tion of its engine. In many American cities, fire com- panies came to look upon their im- would in race first at a fire, volunteers, unmindful of howling citizens, exclusive, influential and the to be portance as rival take to the sidewalks if they found the street blocked by a company. prideful privileged groups as the essential George Washington. reason for their being. They engaged in 1850's. Then it died of its own sins be- Ben Franklin and the Alexandria. intense rivalries which graduated from tween 1853 (when Cincinnati started Washington joined was about 18 seeing who could decorate their equip- going professional) and 1865 (when Va.. volunteers when he through- ment most impressively to interfering New York became one of the last major years old and remained active serving as delegate to with one another at the scene of a fire, cities to do away with its volunteer fire out his life. While Congress he learned that and finally to battling one another department). the Continental Fire Company needed a whether off duty or at a fire. Meanwhile, Early Boston had "call men." They his Friendship 12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 —

COURTESY OF THE FIREFIGHTING MUSEUM OF THE HOMF, INSURANCE COMPANV

Increasing rivalries between companies often led to street brawling that took precedence over any burning building. pumper, or "engine," which, in those pre- worth a pound of cure" to urge Phila- until after the American Revolution. hose days, shot water onto a fire through delphians to adopt better fire prevention Although American cities and their the air from a sort of wheeled tub, as if it laws. In 1752, Franklin was a founder of fire problems were growing after the were a feeble cannon. It was even then the first successful fire insurance com- Revolution, apparatus was inadequate. called an "engine," though it was hand- pany in America, the Philadelphia Con- Pumpers were wooden tubs on wheels. pumped and hauled to the blaze by man- tributionship for the Insurance of Water was poured into the tubs, or power. Washington bought the Friend- Houses from Loss by Fire. The com- "water boxes," by a bucket brigade and ship Company its pumper. During his pany is still in business under the same hand-pumped by several firemen through military and political career, he often name. a rigid nozzle which ejected a weak visited volunteer companies. In retire- Volunteer fire companies were organ- stream without benefit of hose. The ment, he frequently fought fires near ized as early as Sept. 30, 1718. when the stream was aimed by moving the whole Mount Vernon. "Firemen were ... in- Mutual Fire Society was formed in pumper. spired by the spectacle of the New Boston. The rowdy years did not start The need for better equipment, plus a World's most heroic figure laboring man- growing competition among companies fully at ... a fire engine or lugging great IlETTMANN ARCHIVE. INC. to outperform their rivals, resulted in buckets of water," said Herbert Asbury rapid improvements. In 1785, pumpers in "Ye Olde Fire Laddies." with swiveling nozzles—"goosenecks" Many other famous Americans like- permitted independent aiming of the wise found an alarm an urgent call to water. Other volunteers outdid the goose- duty. Among these were John Hancock, neck companies by extending the reach Alexander Hamilton, Samuel Adams, of the nozzles with added pipe length. Aaron Burr and Paul Revere. In 1735, They called their rigs "squirrel tails." Benjamin Franklin told how he Though hose had been used in Europe, awakened to find his house blazing. Ben it wasn't until about 1808 that riveted said he leaped from a window "to avoid leather hose was first used on a fire en- being over-roasted." Soon after, he gine in America. formed Philadelphia's first volunteer out- In the 1780's, some volunteers came fit, the Union Fire Company, and re- up with the idea of lengthening the mained a member for years. He coined George Washington (center), an active pump handles so that more than a dozen the phrase "An ounce of prevention is volunteer fireman throughout his life. volunteers could stroke at one time. This

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 13 )

CONTINUED The Rowdy Early Days of the Volunteer Fire Departments

threw more water farther. These pole- themselves "vamps" at some early date) and Othello's Courtship. The rationale like pump handles (called "brakes") lavished affection on Iheir equipment. for these choices baffles historians. Some were usually side-mounted on the New apparatus, usually bought in suspect the firemen deadlocked in their pumper, although a popular "Phila- Europe in the early days, was apt to be voting and left the choice to the artist. delphia-style" had pumping handles gray when delivered. Great debate A group of prominent New York mounted fore and aft. Other companies centered on how to decorate it. Was the businessmen formed Amity Hose Co. 38. developed "coffee mill" pumpers which "engine" of the nearest company painted They bought their own hose rig for resembled big coffee grinders with red? Then the volunteers were sure to $8,000 and spent another $1 ,500 to paint cranks. Another innovation was "cider paint theirs green, orange, lavender, its finest hardwood snow-white. This was mills"—rotary pumps operated by men plum, yellow or any color that was a fancy price to pay for what was running in a circle while pushing on the deemed prettier than the rival engine. basically a big spool mounted on handle. Cincinnati firemen liked an en- They bought shiny brass hubs and wheels. They decked out their gal with gine resembling a rowboat on wheels. hose lanterns, and cast brass eagles to top silver fittings and pineapple-shaped red

Pumpers with oversized water boxes oft" the pump. They commissioned artists lamps. Amity Hose was the most luxuri- were dubbed "piano engines" by their to do etchings, gold leaf, scrollwork, ously appointed outfit in the city. From enthusiastic users. Some volunteer asked, hand-lettering and exquisitely detailed New York shipyard workers returned "Why should our arms go up and down paintings which were hung on the water from a job in Constantinople, Amity got while pumping and our legs stand still?" box and pump. hand-carved figurines of two sabre-carry- The answer: A monster machine oper- "All dressed up like a fire engine," ing Turks. These they mounted on the ated by hand pump handles aiul foot became an American phrase. One engine in a manner to suggest they were

treadles. Its name: The Mankiller. COURTESY OF THE FIREFIGHTING MUSEUM OF THE HOME INSUK,.\NCE COMPANY Taller buildings required long ladders. In 1799, Philadelphia firemen developed a wagon carrying six ladders, one 40 feet long. The men maneuvered the long rig around corners by means of a swiveling rear axle—the forerunner of today's hook-and-1 adder companies. (The "hook" in hook-and-ladder derives from volunteers' use of hay hooks to peel off burning thatch roofs on colonial houses.

In the early I 800's, several cities laid water mains of hollowed logs. Holes at Early apparatus: hose reel, or Black Joke Engine 33's pumper, fitted of Eagle with runners for travel over snow. frequent intervals were stopped with jumper (above) Hose 1, N.Y.'s first hose company. wooden plugs which volunteers removed for fire fighting—hence the term "fire plug." In 1808, eight Quakers formed the first hose wagon company, Philadelphia

Hose No. 1, to inaugurate the novelty of running a leather hose from the pumper to the fire. With that, specialized com- panies had evolved the modern basic shape: the fire engine (or pumper): the This hand-drawn hook-and-ladder truck had a swiveling This end-stroke, gooseneck for maneuvering corners of narrow streets. pumper was built in 1743. hook-and-ladder unit, and the hose unit, rear axle each separately hauled and manned. chronicler described the rigs as "the guarding a painting behind them of a About the same time, the fircboat was gaudiest vehicles in all Christendom." harem of Oriental beauties floating in temporarily introduced. New York's A look at some New York companies clouds. Naturally, they adopted the Empire Engine Co. 42 mounted its gives examples of vanities that differed nickname "Old Turk." On the backside "cider mill" pumper on a whaleboat. elsewhere only in detail. of Old Turk the artist portrayed a re- Rowing to waterfront fires exhausted the Black Joke Engine Co. 33 hauled a fined American lady. Beneath it was the 24 volunteers needed to pull the oars, gooseneck pumper named after a War of company motto emblazoned in gold and the idea of a fireboat was soon 1812 privateer. It was shiny black with leaf: "Extinguish One Flame and Cher- abandoned until the age of steam engines gold striping. A portrait of the ship ish Another." arrived. Black Joke capturing a British merchant- The firemen outfitted themselves The early fire companies raised funds man adorned her pump. gaudily, too. Jefferson Engine's volun- for their equipment however they could. Jefferson Engine Co. 26 had a piano- teers strutted in snappy royal blue uni- They started with popular subscriptions style (huge) pumper painted royal blue forms matching the color of their pump- and donations from leading citizens. with gold and brass decorations. On its er, and dubbed themselves "The Blue These were soon supplemented with side was a painting of Thomas Jefferson Boys." Men of "Old Honey Bee" Protec- revenues from firemen's social affairs, signing the Declaration of Independence. tive Engine Co. 5 were, in 1840, the first etc., and support from city treasuries by Rambler Hose Co. 3's pumper panels to sport red flannel shirts, black pants direct appropriations or various tax and portrayed the Battle of Bunker Hill and and fancy suspenders. The New York fine devices. Philadelphia once fined Washington at the Battle of Monmouth. Times editorialized that "young women anyone smoking a cigar on the street, and Other outfits ordered reproductions of consider (Honey Bee's) shirts and black such lines went to the fire companies. famous paintings, such as The Birth of inexpressibles the finest uniforms in the The volunteers (who started calling Venus, The Translation of the Psyche, world." For the next 100 years this joke 14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 —

CULVER PHOTOS made the rounds: Q. Why does a fireman wear red, white and blue suspenders? A. To hold his pants up. Headgear varied from stovepipe to

porkpie hats until, in 1 828, New York's Henry T. Gratacap, of Columbia En- gine Co. 14, fashioned in leather a fireman's helmet of the general shape still in use. The brim extended to the rear, side edges turned upward and an elaborate frontpiece showing the name of his company was held in place by a brass eagle's head at the peak. The rakish helmet gave protection against falling debris, while the curved sides and rear brim caused water to spill off behind the fireman. Worn backwards, the brim de- flected heat from his face. The helmet was an overnight rage and Gratacap made a full-time business of supplying it to firemen throughout the country Sacramento. Calif., volunteers bought a

$2,100 one for their chief. It sparkled with precious stones mounted in gold and silver. A fire alarm was usually sounded by tolling bells in city hall towers and church belfries. During the day, watch-

First Currier & Ives lithographs New York Fire Zouaves, a Civil War regiment, fight flames of Washington's Wiilard's were of firefighters. Currier Hotel. Members of N.Y.fire companies formed theZouaves, saw action In several battles. himself is model in this one. i;ettmanm archive, inc. men pointed a tlag in the direction of tlie fire and at night hung a lantern on a pole pointed that way. Whether they were at home, on their jobs, partying, or whatever—volunteers ran to their stations. They formed a column of twos in front of the apparatus and took hold of the looped "drag ropes" along the rig's wooden tongue. At their foreman's signal, they pulled out of the station looking for all the world like a 20-miilc team made up of humans. The use of horses to pull fire equip- ment only became general well after the Civil War—probably because, in a vol- unteer company with nobody on full- time duty, there was no one to tend to horses around the clock. Most companies used runners—-young men who wanted to become firemen to run ahead and clear a path or, with New York's Great Fire of December 1835. Forty-nine engines, five hose wagons, six ladder companies and 1,500 men turned out to fight the flames which leveled 17 blocks. torches, to light their way at night. The rigs often weighed several tons and were hard to stop. Volunteers were practiced

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 15 CONTINUED The Rowdy Early Days of the Volunteer Fire Departments

in keeping in step. A fall could cause the rig to run over them. New York's Clinton Engine Co. 14 cleared the way by its members imitating the cry of a stag deer at bay. "Old Stag's" firemen painted a deer on their water box and topped off the pump with a buck's head ca^t in brass.

Philadelphia Hose No. 1 mounted a large bell with a spring-operated clapper that clanged as the wheels turned. To make certain no outfit copied this first fire apparatus bell. Philadelphia Hose secured a federal patent. The rival Good

Intent Hose Company ignored it and put

on two bells. The outraged Hose No. 1 took their case to U.S. Circuit Court which ruled in their favor. Good Intent quit the official volunteer department,

formed its own and continued to clang

its bells whenever and wherever it pleased Philadelphia Hose retaliated by hooking up an 18-inch Chinese In 1860, a torchlight parade of New York firemen honored the visiting Prince of Wales copper gong. Then they mounted a (on balcony of his hotel). Later that night, they entertained the future King until dawn. blacksmith's bellows with a whistle. This first beating forerunner of today's fire siren was offered cash to the company to reach could erase the ignominy by up actuated by the up-and-down motion of a fire. In five years, Old Honey Bee won or washing the offending company, or the wagon's springs which caused the S600. washing some other company, or per- bellows to operate the whistle which The only disgrace worse than being forming some great feat. A New York 15. emitted shrill hoots. passed was to be "washed." Companies gooseneck, Chatham Engine Co. as "The Old Maid." She did Although city-granted charters pro- were often positioned in a line between was known not suffer a washing until ripe old a -e iiibited it, companies often raced each the fire and the water supply. Engines stamina other to fires, sometimes bowling over nearest the water pumped (through Pumping demanded great and teamwork. Half a dozen or more pedestrians and anything else that got in hose ) to the water box of the next com- volunteers positioned themselves on each their way. The volunteers went up on pany which pumped it to the next. When the engine stroked the sidewalks if that were the only way one outfit pumped faster than the volun- side or end of and handles in time to their foreman's around the company that had gotten teers ahead could relay it. the water pump called through ahead of them and wouldn't let them by. spilled over the sides of the "washed" cadence, which he often sporty There was more at stake than prestige. engine. "Washed" firemen sometimes a speaking trumpet. New York's ' sing- Many cities and insurance companies draped their rigs in mourning until they Blue Boys" stroked in time to the M)ng of their motto, "True Blue Never Fades." The beat was usually 60 up-and- down strokes a minute, with relief by fellow members every ten minutes. During a blaze which destroyed a blacksmith shop, two livery stables and a house. New York's Engine Co. 21 hit 128 strokes a minute on March 10, 1828, a record which was not surpassed until another company reached 170 (name and date now lost). At fast paces, men had to be relieved every few minutes. Many suffered ripped fingers and broken arms when they jumped in to take their turn with- out breaking the cadence. Worse perils awaited hook-and-ladder volunteers. Eleven in New York were killed and 20

badly hurt on the night of April 25, 1 854, when the walls of the blazing William T. Jennings and Co. clothing store at 231 Broadway crashed on them. Volunteers often held impromptu parties after a fire. The log of New York's Engine Co. 21 records that its members fought a fire from 9:30 at night until dawn and "previous to going home went to a Cook shop and regaled The last spectacular fire New York volunteers fought was at Barnum's museum (above) oniimicd on page in 1865. Six weeks later, they passsed out of existence by order of the state legislature. (( 38) 15 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 s

Dateline Washington RETIREMENT CRISIS. INCENTIVES FOR HARD-HATS. METERS INCHING UP.

While most of Washington is concentrat- Department of Commerce officials are ing on the problems of yoiang— the drugs, bracing for the report , due in August, crime, violence, draft , etc. — there ' of a three-year study on c onversion of one subcommittee that is seeking to our traditional measurements into a awaken Congress to the "unnoticed crisis" metric system. The word is out that the of Americans in retirement. report will favor the change. However, despite two years of hearings, It is recognized that switching from studies and reports, the Senate Special feet, pounds and quarts to meters, kilo- Subcommittee on Aging has failed to grams and liters will be costly and arouse Congress to make a "genuine na- require ten or more years. But Washington tional commitment" for dealing with is also aware that with the United King- this crisis. dom already converting, and most other The subcommittee, assaying its efforts major countries joining the metric ma- over the past two years, finds that the jority, the United States would become problems of citizens 65 and older have an island of archaic measurements. Some worsened in many ways. For example, it is U.S. industries are already gearing up. only among these older Americans that Proponents of change argue that the the number of people living in poverty costs will be matched by the increase in has risen during the two-year period. U.S. exports. Unless specially built, Meanwhile, the rise in unemployment is many U.S. products are not compatible creating a new group of "aged poor." for use in metric countries. Apathy notwithstanding, the subcom- mittee has vowed to renew the battle for senior citizens in the current session of Congress. PEOPLE AND QUOTES NO GENERATION GAP One part of official serve to be legarded as such." Washington is Vice President Agnew. worried "There can be no generation that the recent earning gains of gap in America. The destiny c onstruction workers is nudging the in- of this nation is not divided SOVIET MIGHT into yours and ours it is flation, but another part hopes that the — one "The Soviet forces of today destiny. We share it together." relatively high level of income will constitute a concentration of at- President Nixon. tract young men into the bu ilding trades. military power far beyond anything The Bureau of Labor the world has ever Statistics "figures INFLUENCING HANOI previously seen." Gen. An- that last year the average "hard-hat" 'It's very hard for Hanoi to drew J. Goodpaster, U.S.A., picked up a 13% increase over his 1969 believe that our prisoners NATO Commander. wages and benefits, cited by some as mean what they do to us. Only being inflationary. The average pay for the American people and milli- BRITAIN'S ECONOMY ons of letters will have an ef- "All of us must rid ourselves a construction worker at the end of 1970 fect on Hanoi." Gen. Lewis W. of the illusion that we can buy was $6.39 an hour, a figure double that Walt, USMC, Ret. our way out of of the problems a dozen years ago and one that could of today by mortgaging the fu- well be attractive to the fellow who A STRONG AMERICA ture. It seems the easy way doesn't want to go to college. "For reasons of peace, not out—but we now know it is A BLS survey discloses that, in the war, America must remain the fatal way." Prime Minister militarily strong Edward Heath, larger cities, no matter Great Britain. plumbers and electricians, what it costs." Sen. Barry with an average hourly wage of $7.20, Goldwater, Ariz. AUTO THE CULPRIT are the highest paid in the building "I fully recognize that ex- REALLY trades; the laborers, lowest, at about ADULTS cessive dependence on the auto $5 an hour. At the top of the survey "... young people above the is damaging transportation, were the plumbers at Oakland, Calif., ages of 18 or 20 are too old damaging ourselves and dam- to be classified as youth. They who earn hour. aging our urban areas." Trans- |9.24 an are young adults, and they de- portation Sec'y John Volpe.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . APRIL 1971 17 t , ^ y ,1/..-..../ ^^^^ ^uA^

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By MAURICE RIES

that is ex- THE YEARS sincc our troops were volvement." The men who think the war Every letter from Vietnam was read into the Congres- INfirst involved in Vietnam, we have is worth fighting, when it is their necks cerpted here in 1968, 1969 or 1970, all seen letters written home from fight- that are out, are entitled to have as good sional Record The ing men which expressed the thought an exposure of their views as anyone else. and there are many, many more. that what they were doing was worth The reader at home should not have to names of all but three of the men quoted doing, and worth the price they might dig through the Congressional Record, here are matters of public record. have to pay. or research hundreds of local news- The first soldier is nameless. In the Such letters appear in a local news- papers, in order to get at least as good a end, he wrote from the grave. He was paper here, in another there. Some are roundup of these GI views as he gets in a 21 -year-old first lieutenant from Knox- written directly to Congressmen or news- a daily diet from the media of the con- ville, Tenn., whose letters were pub- papers by GI's. Others are made public trary views of those whose involvement lished, without naming him, after his by friends or parents to whom they are is nil. death, by columnist Don Whitehead. written, or forwarded by them to Con- Only one "medium" of more than Rep. John Duncan read Whitehead's in the country has done gressmen or members of the Adminis- local circulation column into the Sept. 3, 1969, Congres- views national expo- tration. much to give such sional Record (page E 7079), out of the is Congressional Record, It is probably the experience of the sure. That the Knoxville News-Sentinel. writer, that the where, of course, they are lost in other reader, as it is of this On the evening of June 4, 1969, the in- reading matter. voice of the men who are totally young lieutenant wrote two letters to his has hardly been Let me be one reporter, then, who is volved in Vietnam parents, one to be his "regular" letter, to- at home, if it runs con- willing to pull excerpts from them headlined here the other to be mailed only if he were trary to the orthodox, "accepted" and gether at some length, in one package, killed. The "regular" letter said in part: oft-headlined second-hand opinions of so that you may have at least a small "We're at Suar Cat now . . . Tonight are many thou- roundup of some largly ignored views the "uninvolved" who maybe I'll go on ambush patrol ... I am sands of miles removed. This in spite of of young people who are more involved the planner, the diplomat, the supervisor, leader, the com- how much lip service is given to "in- in Vietnam than anyone else. the liaison man, the subtle 18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 -21

Soine^GI

Some of the least heard opinions on the Vietnam war are those of young people who are the most involved.

bat soldier . . . One mistake would blow to be my duty, than to grow old despising

us all to hell . . . But I like it . . . I'm so myself because I lacked the courage to an-

calm I amaze myself ... I see so swer the call I not one bit sorry many ... am And yes, I am fighting for my flag. My things I .'" can do here. It's a challenge and for anything. Don't you be either. . . Country means a lot to me and I am proud I dig it. It blows my mind a little some- Rep. Alexander Pirnie, with the per- to fight for it ... I hope that your genera- times, I ." but dig it. . . will ." mission of the parents, read a senti- tion respect what we are doing. . . He was killed on ambush patrol the mental letter of 19-year-old John Tan- Pfc Walter "Rusty" Wade, of Inde- next day, so the other letter was mailed, ney, of Rome, N.Y.. into the Congres- pendence, Mo., and of the road-building too, the one to be mailed only if he died. sional Record of Oct. 7. 1968 (page 46th Engineering Battalion, wrote his It was long. Here's some of it. E 8668). Tanney wrote it to his 17- parents last spring giving a vivid de- "Dear folks: By the time you receive month-old brother. Bob. He was about scription of a hot night action he'd been this . . . you will have heard the sad news in, adding that "if I get one more zip ... I don't want anyone to think I would to assault Hill 881 with the Marines, and be silly enough to die for nothing. All a thought he'd like to put something on (wound) I'll be eligible for three days man can do is take one step at a time . . . record for his infant brother in case he off." Then he expressed some opinions If he never takes the first step he'll never didn't come back down. Tanney died in which led his parents to get his permis- get there. To preserve freedom it takes a sion to have Rep. William J. group effort. Groups are made of individ- another action, soon afterward. Again, Randall uals who take that first step. As long as a long letter, and we give part of it. enter the letter into the Congressional there are enough people who care enough "Dear Brother Bob: I know you won't Record. The full letter appears in the about freedom to have the courage to take be able to read this for a while . . . You Record for June 26, 1970 (page E 6015). that first step to fight for freedom, free- haven't the slightest idea of what is going Undated, it appears to have been written dom will never be lost ... I have the con- on in the world. But what we are doing solation shortly after President ac- of knowing that I did what I here concerns all. We are fighting for free- Nixon okayed thought right was and I did it all the way. dom in Vietnam ... T am my brother's tion in Cambodia. Here's part of it: I stood up to be counted, and, for as long keeper' is true also for our Vietnamese "We just got four new helicopter gun- as I fought, I fought well. That's all any- brothers . . . War is far, far worse than ships. Ours are in Cambodia, and that'll one can do. . . . Although the physical It . . hell. has . rotten smells, and sounds help. And you might tell our Congressmen effect of my work may be destroyed, some- (that are) screams ... I hope you will and Senators that if they really want to be thing will remain. No one can erase my never have to go to war ... I hope we quitters, they can start quitting their jobs. efforts. If only one person benefits from can stop this from spreading ... If any- Over here, we need more money and my action I will have been a success. I thing should happen, this, remember I am weapons, not less . . . It's hard to sit through didn't mind the hardships, I asked for them fighting for I what believe in . . . for my a two-hour mortar attack and not die of ... I preferred to die doing what I know children and children's my children . . . fright. I don't want to be a hard core THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . APRIL 1971 19 —

i

I guess it's nothing to write you folks ." CONTINUED Some GI Letters FromVietnam about. . . The mother of Brent Wininger, of Vietcong hater, but dammit, they keep "If they think they're tired and sick of Ohio, wrote to him that she saw no rea- pushing and shelling, and all we want to this war, how about us over here? And we son why he had signed up to go to Viet- do is build a simple little road and get the want to win . . . How can Cambodia be a hell out. Dad, you've been through this. VC staging and supply area and a neutral nam when he still had two years of col- What does one do when all I want to do country at the same time? They just help lege to go. But when she got his almost to us always on with their snipers is sleep, or mostly come home to my wife keep edge scolding answer, she sent it to Ohio Rep. and six-month-old baby girl, and forget and mortars and infiltrating. We never get Donald Lukens in order to "share with this place ever was? But what can I do as much as a couple of days rest. . . . everyone son's answer to con- we can't quit here. The South Vietnamese Doesn't every demonstrator over there re- our my army that built the asphalt plant beside alize he helps Charlie hold on one more cern." Rep. Lukens inserted her letter, us are good friends, and they believe we day, at the cost of 35 to 40 U.S. lives, 70 with quotations from her son's, in the can win. But I wonder—will the American to 80 wounded, and three or four missing Congressional Record for Sept. 1 1, 1968 public let us? What a mess if we come so or presumed dead? Damn them with their (page Wininger did not write close, only to have Congress cut off the peace marches and moratoriums. They're E 7864). money. If they do, I'll feel like emigrating killing my friends as sure as if they were as a soldier but struck a chord reminis-

. . hell, to Australia or some place when I get out VC and pulled the triggers. But cent of Tom Paine in 1776, updated to if back don't of the army, the people home a world where there are no more frontiers care more than that. for the oppressed to flee to. Here is much of his letter. "Dear Parents: I was very unhappy to read that you see no reason for my being here. In fact, I was astonished, confounded, befuddled, even angry. It just isn't the best morale boost for someone who's working

12 to 16 hours a day . . . when you say you don't know why I'm over here. "Maybe it's so that some kids can grow up with something in their bellies besides grass and weeds; grow up without fear to use their minds and expand their capacities to the extent of the ability their Creator gave them. Maybe it's so that some kids can just grow up, period. "We are over here for a better reason than our ancestors had in coming to Amer- ica. They came to a new world so that they could be free. We are in Vietnam so that others may be free. There are no new lands to which one can run for freedom. We either all become free or we all go down together. "If our leaders sell out the Vietnamese people, they will sell the lives of our future generations and the hopes of the world. Jesus Christ died on the cross for humanity; and you do not believe that I am man 20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 ILLUSTRATED BY CHARLES WATERHOUSE at 17 and was killed in action in Viet- nam. Miss Holovach included excerpts from many letters that Pierce had writ- ten home, supplied to her by his parents. Rep. Frank Clark inserted the whole article in the Congressional Record for April 17, 1970 (page E 3159). When the Marines suggested aviation for him, he insisted on being in the Ma- rine combat infantry. "... I'd rather be a Marine," one of his letters explained, not long before he reached Vietnam,

"take the hardships, and suffer a little. Maybe at times, 1 may get dirty, bone tired and even sometimes, disgusted and hate it all.

'"But when 1 get back from Vietnam I'll have done a job and three years from now 1 can look at my discharge papers and say to myself, 'I helped preserve America'."

Once, he'd written to a great-aunt in ". Pennsylvania: . . Freedom is the only

problem that, if you ignore it, it will go ." away. . . And, elsewhere: "Because freedom isn't free, each generation

must . . . win it again. "It's our ." generation's turn to fight. . .

( Turn to next paf;e)

enough to spend a year of drudgery, bore- dom and dirt in trying to help a country and its people be free. At the same time, my chance of being wounded or dying is less than if I spent the same time driving on a U.S. highway. "Your excuse is that you are a mother and love your offspring. I can assure you that there are mothers over here and that they feel the same way about their children

. . . When I get back, do you believe I will be sorry that I wasted a year in Vietnam? I will only be sorry that I couldn't do

more. . . . "When you take humanity and dignity away from one man, you take a part of everyone's. How can I breathe the air of freedom when my brother wears chains? How can we erect monuments to justice and enlightenment when men are oppressed and ignorant? How can we reach for the stars when some men do not live higher than communal animals?" When the first of the "peace mora- toriums" of the fall of 1969 gathered in Washington, D.C., a 20-year-old soldier stationed outside Saigon sent a letter "to the American people" by way of the Knoxville News-Sentinel in his home town. Here's part of it, as read into the Congressional Record by Rep. Duncan, Oct. 30, 1969 (page E 9182). "To the American people: Today you protested against military actions in South

Vietnam . . . When I came to Vietnam I thought I represented you, and I was very proud . . . Ask yourself this question: How many Americans did you kill in South Viet- today? nam . . . (signed) One of your sons, Pfc. Michael J. Lowe." The Beaver County Times, of Beaver, Pa., published a long feature article by Nadine Holovach about Marine Cor- poral Donald James Pierce, Jr., of Rac- coon Township, who joined the Marines THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 21 CONTINUED Some GI Letters FromVietnam

A letter of December 6, 1969, from young Pierce said:

•'. feel in . . the majority of the men here anapolis Star, sent to him Vietnam. from that we have had the rug pulled out The July 15, 1969, issue of the Star pub- under us by the American people and the lished a letter signed "Gene Gardner," American government. . . . war is "po- "We've fought here and some have val- charging that the Vietnam iantly died. Now we're told we're leaving, litically, diplomatically, militarily, eco- leaving a job unfinished. When the people nomically and morally wrong," and that us home, many men at home yell to bring we "measure manliness" by the "willing- here are extending their tours in Vietnam. 0 0 0 Vietnamese." Sgt. Pruden Even our government admits that they are ness to murder the Star that Gardner "cannot . . we're to no longer interested in . operations wrote conducting. All they worry about is how fast remain unanswered," that he "parrots they can withdraw. a charge I first heard in 1951." Rep. Wil- "in all our nation's history, we have liam G. Bray inserted Pruden's letter in never lost a war. But I'm afraid that our Congressional Record of Oct. 22, history is about to change. . . No man the wants peace more than the guy who has 1969 (page E 8703). In large part it read head. ... If I should bullets flying past his as follows: die in battle I will have died happy, for I "I have spent 18 years in the army, and would have died while working for a worthy I have served in two wars. Both my tours cause, my God and my Country." have involved ground combat against an He was killed near Da Nang, March armed enemy; I have never killed, nor have 18. 1970. I known anyone else who killed a woman Marine Pfc Robert Hall sent a let- or child. We didn't do it even when we were enemies. I can recall a ter to the News-Herald of Panama City, knew they 12-year-old boy in Binh Phuoc district of Fla., which Rep. Robert Sikes inserted Long An province who was captured and in the Congressional Record of May 19, told us he had been a member of the [Viet- 1969 (page E 4088). The first two-thirds cong] Binh Phuoc mortar platoon for a captured of Hall's letter seemed like a complaint year and a half. The men who that boy went out of their way, they risked against serving. Vietnam was hell and their lives to take him alive. Because in disease-rid- full of suffering, filthy and spite of what you may have been told or den; life was cheap; he'd faced death at read, American troops are not killers of women and children. 1 8 more times than most people ever "Gardner should not be so quick to say would; the value of his own life could that we 'measure manliness' by 'willing- and he be measured by his life insurance ness and ability to murder Vietnamese.' was probably running out of time. He I have visited hamlets after the Viet Cong have paid a night felt "like a patsy" and was beginning to Special Action squads call. The results arc not pretty. I have seen feel sorry. Sorry for himself, he asked? a man shot 14 times with a pistol, and that No, sorry for the people at home who required the assassin to reload with the wouldn't support him and his comrades. man lying in the road at his feet. His crime? to be bicycling along High- "All I want to know," he said, "is why He happened way 4 when a VC squad crossed, and he you people in the United States don't saw them. have enough backbone to stand behind "There were some doubts in my mind when I went to Vietnam. There are none in South Sgt. Robert Pruden, of Indianapolis, there now. The cause of freedom (Continued on page 48) had his hometown newspaper. The Indi- 22 IHE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 :

LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS Light Fishing Tackle

Cach season, an increasing number of pletely on the spool. Tied to the line at *" anglers switch to light tackle. A few the tip of an assembled rod, it will keep do it to prove they can accomplish the im- the line from running back through the possible, such as catching a marlin on a guides. fly rod, but most have a legitimate reason; they find they get more sport on lighter SILENT ANCHOR for your fishing or tackle because it gives the fish a duck boat can be made from an old rubber more of The Davis Solar Cooker fighting chance. Also, standard-weight boot. Cut it off just below the knee, fill it

tackle may be suited to battling trophy-size with cement and just before it hardens, SOLAR COOKER: One answer to smoke junkers, but how many of these does an sink an eye-bolt into the top to take your pollution (at least on sunny da>s) is the angler find? Even the experts and holders anchor rope. device pictured here which the makers say of world's records spend almost all their "promises to revoIutionize""outdoor cookery. fishing time catching smaller fish. So why NEW TRICK in fire starting is oflfered Ifs the Davis Solar Cooker, molded of not use light tackle that's suited to these by Bill Hill of Langdon. N. Dak. Soak plastic with a special foil bonded to its sur- smaller ones which, chances are, will con- a ball of soft cord in melted paraffin. To face, that uses the sim's energy for cooking. stitute your entire catch? Even if that oc- start your fire, wind the cord in and around It requires no fuel, weighs less than a pound is casional lunker should come along, it may the kindling, then light. It will burn like and claimed to cook most skewered foods take all your skill but you can still land him. candle wick. The ball can be carried in a in 10-15 minutes. It retails for $9.95 from small plastic bag. Davis Instruments Corp.. 857 Thornton St., The term "light tackle," of course, is rela- San Leandro. Cal. tive to the species of fish being sought. For example, a standard spinning rod and TAKE A PACK of filtered cigarettes fish- ing, says Rene Lynch of Calvert City, Ky. it; is a tele- 1 0-pound-test line for black bass would be WATER SCO new underwater Not for smoking: the white filters, light for saltwater tarpon. Becoming more when scope that enables anglers to locate brush peeled of their paper covering, and more popular, as the available number look just piles, drop-offs, channels and bottom weeds like white grubs and fish of freshwater lunkers decreases, are the are deadly getters, where fish congregate. Also lost motors and especially for catfish. rods. Only lower end is inserted ultra-light outfits—miniature reels, rods below the like fairy wands and lines like thread. These water surface. Diameter is 2 inches. Length your own disgorger can make an eight-inch brookie feel like MAKE hook from an 13 inches closed. 22 extended. Price: About old a three-pounder, and battling a five-pound long-handled screw driver. Just file a $8.95 from Waukegan Outdoor Products. notch in the end to snag the hook. Keep 4439 Grand Ave.. Gurnee. III. 60031. bass is like having a tiger by the tail. De- well oiled to prevent rusting. pending on the skill and delicate touch of the angler, they'll take any freshwater FOR SUNGLASSES, a new Sight Saver species except the largest. WINCHESTER has introduced two new cleaning tissue from Dow Corning just for firearms to commemorate the 100th anni- plastic lenses. Tissues won't scratch the soft For ultra-light spinning there are the versary of the NRA: a .30-30 Sporter rifle surfaces, also contain a de-fogging agent Alcedo Micron and Mitchell 308 reels, tiny styled after the MI894, and a .30-30 musket to prevent misting. Price: 49r a package encugh to fit in the palm of your hand. Uke the model introduced in 1905 for NRA at drug and variety stores. They hold over 300 yards of 2-pound-test military matches. Both are engraved, have line. The slender matching rods are one or a medallion in the stock. Price of either: EARRINGS, preferably the elaborate ones, two-piece and five feet long. Lure weight about $150. make good lures for spincasting and troll- must be V4 ounce or less. For ultra-light ing, reports James Scott of Niles, Mich. Gel fly casting, there are one-piece six-foot the ones connected by metal rings, or else glass rods weighing about two ounces. Bam- retie the parts with heavy monofilament. boo rods are made as light as IV4 ounces. Add a treble hook to the end and you're Tiny fly reels balance the rods; they are ready to go fishing. simple since their only function is to store the line. The fly line recommended for the BEST to carry split-shot sinkers so combination is a No. 6 torpedo (weight for- WAY ward) type with a 7Vi-foot leader (9-foot you can get at them quickly is in an empty ball-point pen, suggests Jim Kurka of Fair- if you're a good caster) tapering down to field, Iowa. fill a 7X tippet. Lures must be no heavier than Just the pen with shot, clip ii to your fishing-jacket pocket. Sinkers can a typical trout fly. Cost of the spinning out- be rolled out one at a time. fit: about $40; fly-casting outfit (glass rod) about $100 including floating line. Experts for anglers, the claim that once you've battled a lighter- NEW "Bite-Lite," a gadget that clamps to fishing lights than-lunker fish on light tackle, you'll settle your rod and for nothing else. up when you get a fish. Four inches long, weighs 3 ozs. Does not interfere with play- ing fish. Price: $3.95 from Lakenwood In- FOCKET-SIZE aerator will keep your live dustries, Chicago, 111. 60611. bait healthy for hours. Called "Long- Lifer," it's slightly larger than a package FISH LANDING NET that folds is the new of cigarettes, is powered by a flashlight bat- "Grizzly Sportnet." Handles fold into the tery, and hangs on the side of your live- net, snaps open instantly. Made of almost bait bucket. Will supply enough air for indestructible Cycolac. Price: $8.50. Made 100 minnows or shrimp in two gallons of by Maxwell Manufacturing Co., Vancou- water. Price: $5.50, from Offsco, Inc.; 2306 ver, Wash. 98660. Branard St., Houston, Texas 77006.

If you have a helpful idea for this feature AFTER disassembling your fishing tackle, it it . . Fred, it's your boss, he wants you to send in. If we can use we'll pay you tie the end of your line (on the reel) to cancel your fishing trip ..." $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- the ring of a pull-tab from a beverage can, turn, or enter into correspondence concern- suggests Henry Sherrer of Bay City, Texas. ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, The American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave- It will keep the line from winding com- THE AMERICAN LEGION M,\C.^ZINE nue of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE > APRIL 1971 23 By PETER D. BOLTER them come in from the street side of the door and sample what's going on in the WOULD YOU CARE to See young men world of affairs that they will have to to Gel of high school age (14 through enter all too soon. How 20) involve themselves in your field of For whatever reasons, specialized Ex- work, or your hobby or other private ploring is growing. More than 217,000 interest? young people are to be found in 10,000 area high schools. NASA sponsored an I mean if you are a chemist, or a hos- specialized Posts today. In Cleveland, a Explorer Post for them that was actually pital administrator, or a banker, or a couple of years back, the scout organiza- a school of advanced rocketry. Their farm implement maker or a police chief tion and the schools put together a group year-end social function was a "Lunch or a member of a kite flying club or a of mathematics and science whizzes from and Launch." With their teachers, par- music group (or whatever you are), would you like to take in a group of in- terested youths of high school age and let them sample your thing in an or- ganized, serious way?

If you would, help is as close at hand as your phone book. In 1959, the Boy Scouts of America started a new movement that went be- yond ordinary scouting. They drew a bead on the needs and wants of older boys and young men. Among the things that they innovated are what are called "specialized Explorer Posts." Explorers are not Boy Scouts ( in fact, some of them are girls today), an Explorer Post is not a Scout Troop, and a specialized Ex- plorer Post may not resemble the fa- miliar notion of scouting at all.

It could be a bunch of serious teen- agers in shirt sleeves learning how to operate a Linotype machine in a printing plant. One of the first specialized Posts was sponsored by TWA in Kansas City Seven of more than 1,000 Explorers sponsored by the Los Angeles Police and what the youngsters learned was air Dept. study police communications with four uniformed L.A. officers. traffic. At the time the Sharon Tate mur- ders were discovered in California, an FBI report says that a curious mob gathered at the scene. It might have de- stroyed important clues had not a teen- aged member of a nearby Police Ex- plorer Post come along and taken command until the police arrived. There isn't much point in dwelling on why adults increasingly want to spon- sor Explorers in their fields. They have many reasons. Some simply like to share their specialties with interested young- sters. Others may hope to attract more young people into fields where there are shortages. Today, for instance, the medi-

cal profession is strapped for enough doctors and non-doctors in many fields. That may partly explain why hospitals all over the country have helped sponsor medical Explorer Posts, opening their doors to regular meetings of teenagers behind the scenes on the professional side of hospital work. Possibly they hope that such an experience will help recruit tomorrow's generation of medical spe- cialists. Maybe the oldsters who sponsor Ex- plorers in specialized posts simply feel they owe a debt to young people to let Three Explorers in Houston, Tex., get grounding in petroleum research at Esso Production Research Labs. 24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 Teenagers Involved

in your business,

trade, profession or hobby

Members of a medical Explorer Post learn emergency room pro- cedures from a doctor in Orange County Hospital, Santa Ana, Calit.

ents and sponsors from the NASA, Ex- the high schools in its assigned area. were exposed to that, too, without trying plorers had a bit of a picnic near the The Bendix Corporation in Tetsr- to make an automatic pilot on one night shores of Lake Erie, then launched the boro, N.J.. filled an Explorer Post a week of a school year. rockets they'd made over the year. with young men from nearby Hacken- Some of the Bendix Explorers went If you have a business or an organized sack and Lodi high schools who ex- on to electrical engineering in college, avocation that you'd like to share with pressed an interest in electronics on an and the men at Bendix were betting (al- some Explorers, how would you go Exploring questionnaire—and refilled it most smugly) that "their kids" would about turning your firm or group into again when the first group "graduated." be a giant step ahead of classmates a sponsor? You don't have to be a scout leader who'd never gotten their feet wet in You go to the white pages of your to run an Explorer Post. Bendix manned the practical end of the business. phone book and look up the nearest its Post with adult leaders from its regu- A local Council will impose very lit- Council office under "Boy Scouts of lar payroll, including its executives, en- tle on a sponsor of an Explorer Post, America." There are some 500 Council gineers and shop foremen. If the mem- but it will help recruit interested teen- offices in the United States, each with a bers of a Post vote to wear uniforms, agers, help organize, and generally give professional staff. Tell the Scout Execu- or some special insignia of their own, needed organizational aid when asked. tive that you are a potential sponsor they may do so. At Bendix they voted While there aren't enough interested of a specialized Explorer Post in your not to. They came as they were, and students in some subjects in some areas business or whatever. in the course of a year sampled the work to fill out a Post in some specialties, There's no point making up difficulties of every major department at Bendix. many a local Council today has a list in advance. If there's some hurdle that a As project, each member made an of interested youths and no sponsors in would make it impractical (as there electronic tic-tac-toe board. They drew some fields of activity. could be) for you to sponsor an Explorer the plans (with help from a Bendix No matter what your adult activity Post, let it come out in your talks with draftsman), did the sheet metal work, is, a call to your BSA Council as a po- the Council. There may be insurmounta- lettered it with silk screen, painted it in tential Explorer sponsor just might get ble obstacles, or none at all. baked-on enamel, then wired and fin- you into something you'll be forever The Council may or may not already ished each one so you could play a game proud of, if you care about young Amer- have a list of students in the nearby high of tic-tac-toe it on that flashed red or ica and want to help it constructively. schools whose bag is your bag. green lights according to which player If adult activities are wholesome, and Where they can get the cooperation had occupied the square. interesting or useful, there is no limit of the school system, the Council may This was a neat experience in some on their kind if enough young people (or perhaps already has) run an interest basics of a plant that makes aviation can be found who are interested. questionnaire through the students in all navigational equipment. The Explorers THE END THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 25 LEGION LIFE LIMIT

If you missed the first announce OFFICIAL AMERICAN LEGION apply for ttiese new benefits LIFE INSURANCE PLAN

Life Insurance has less of these standard Thanks to the National Executive Committee's recent de- Your Legion is found in most other life insurance poli- cision to raise the limits of the Legion Life Insurance Plan exclusions than cies. will be fully protected even while flying in com- to four full units, Legionnaires (including Viet Vets) under You or military aircraft and while on active duty with age 30, who were eligible for $11,500 protection before, mercial Forces. only restriction is that no benefit can now apply for up to $46,000 in Legion Life Benefits. the Armed The result of any act of war while in This means, you can at last get the big-money protection is payable for death as a naval or air service or within six months after you need today. With four full units of coverage, you can the military, of service as a result of injuries or dis- now make sure your loved ones will have the financial termination such security they need should anything happen to you pre- ease contracted during service. maturely. WHO IS ELIGIBLE

TO START YOUR NEW PROTECTION MAY 1st, Every Legionnaire in good standing and under the age of YOU MUST MAIL ENROLLMENT FORM RIGHT NOW! 70 can enroll for one, two, three or the maximum of four Legionnaire who already owns one unit may Your new benefits will be effective May 1st, but only if full units. A for up to three additional full units. (If you now hold your enrollment form is received by the Administrator enroll unit, addition must include V2 unit of coverage, so during April and is approved by the insurance company. Vi any that end up with a whole number of units). Remem- That's why it's important to mail your enrollment for these you is medical exam — good health is all new Legion Life benefits right away. ber, usually there no that's needed. Just fill out the simple enrollment form and COST PER UNIT REMAINS $24.00 A YEAR mail it with the proper premium right now. If approved, cost per Of course, the most important news is that your your new protection will go into effect the first of the month. unit is still only $24.00 a year - that's $2.00 a month following the date your enrollment is received in pro- Where else can you get thousands of dollars extra the office of the Administrator. The chart at the right unit per tection for only $2.00 a month . . . $24.00 per shows the amount of premium for the balance of the year and in good year. If you're a Legionnaire under age 30 to send with your enrollment. The amount of premium health, you can now guarantee your family up to $46,000 depends on when your enrollment is received by the Ad- worth of security as shown in the schedule of benefits ministrator and the number of units you select. For ex-

below. ample: If it's received in April for three units, the premium LEGION LIFE ALWAYS PAYS IN ADDITION for the balance of the year would be $48.00.

Remember, your American Legion Life Insurance Plan While you're insured you will receive a renewal notice bene- always pays in addition to any other life insurance well in advance of the January 1st annual renewal date. coverage you fits; it is not meant to replace any existing Renewals should be paid by the 31st of December in order dollars extra pro- have. It simply gives you thousands of to continue your protection without interruption. tection at incredibly low cost. That's why there is no finer Your American Legion Life Insurance Plan gives long last- way to protect and remember those you love . . . whether ing security for those you love. There is no finer gift you it's your family, a charity, a foundation or even your local can give anytime than Freedom from Want. Apply today. Legion Post. Here are Your American Legion Life Insurance Plan Benefits Amount paid determined by age at death (including 15% Bonus for 1971). TWO UNITS ONE UNIT HALF UNIT FOUR UNITS 1 THREE UNITS (Total Coverage (Total Coverage 1 Age at Death (Total Coverage (Total Coverage (Total Coverage 1971) During 1971) During 1971) During 1971) During 1971) During |

$11,500.00 $5,750.00 tthrouqh Aqe 29 $46,000.00 $34,500.00 $23,000.00 4,600.00 30-34 36,800.00 27,600.00 18,400.00 9,200.00 2,587.50 35-44 20,700.00 15,525.00 10,350.00 5,175.00 45-54 10,120.00 7,590.00 5,060.00 2,530.00 1.265.00 690.00 55-59 5,520.00 4,140.00 2,760.00 1 ,380.00 460.00 60-64 3,680.00 2,760.00 1,840.00 920.00 287.50 65-69 2.300.00 1,725.00 1,150.00 575.00 379.50 190.00 * *7n-74* 1 518.00 1,138.50 759.00 your 75th birthday, i -Insurance terminates on the 1st day of January coinciding with or next following will be accepted for new insurance. i --No persons, age 70 or over (including those already insured)

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 RAISED TO $46,000.00 merit in the December issue, you can still by using the enrollment form below.

Your American Legion Life Insurance Plan Pays Benefits Fast - Without Red Tape

"/ wish to acknowledge with thanks ". the . . (husband) died on the date the in- "This was the first settle- prompt receipt of the check for the death surance I became effective. I was con- ment made on any of benefit of my husband. It was just a cerned that you might question paying Frank's chance reading of your advertisement in insurance and as a the claim but I worried about it need- the American result lifted a great load Legion Magazine that lessly. Thank you so much for the pay- ." prompted us to for from M's . apply this insurance." ment and for your promptness." mind. . Mrs. E. H. W. Mrs. J. J. K. Mr. J. G. R.

HOW TO ENROLL IN THE AMERICAN LEGION LIFE INSURANCE PLAN AMOUNT OF PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR ENROLLMENT 1. Type or print all information on IF YOU LIVE IN NEW YORK, enrollment form below. Be sure NORTH CAROLINA, OHIO, Enrollment Card Signed 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit to answer all questions and in- TEXAS, WISCONSIN ILLINOIS. V2 Unit

dicate the number of units de- NEW JERSEY OR PUERTO January $88 $66 $44 $22 $11 RICO write to the sired by checking the appropri- address February 80 60 40 20 10 shown for an enrollment/appli- ate box. March 72 54 36 18 9 cation for use in your state. April 64 48 32 16 8 Applications and benefits vary May 56 42 28 14 7 2. See chart at right for amount slightly in some areas. June 48 36 24 12 6 of premium to send with en- July Mail enrollment and premium 40 30 20 10 5 rollment. August to: 32 24 16 8 4 September 24 18 12 6 The American Legion Life 3 3. Make check or October 16 12 money order Insurance Plan 8 4 2 November 8 6 payable to: The American Le- P.O. Box 5609 4 2 1 December 96 72 48 24 gion Life Insurance Plan. Chicago, Illinois 60680 12

ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION lAND MAIL Full Name -Birth Date- Last ENROLLMENT First Middle Mo. Day Year Permanent Residence Street AND PREMIUM No. City State Zip Name FOR BIGGER of Beneficiary- Relationship- Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" (AMERICAN Membership LEGION Card No.. Year Post No.. State-

I apply for the amount LIFE BENEFITS of insurance indicated below, (check appropriate box or boxes) 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units TODAY! 1 Unit 1/2 Unit The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment: Answer all questions.

1. Present occupation?___ Are you now actively working? Yes No If No, give reason

2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If Yes, give date, length of stay and cause

3. During the last five years, have you ever had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease liver disease, lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you received treatment or medication for high' blood pressure or alcoholism? No Yes If yes, give detail.';.

I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. 1 authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired Signature of Dated Limit: Four Full 19- ApplicanL GMA-300-19 10-70 (Univ.) Units Per Member 471

I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance: My present certificate number is-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 27 Vets Affairs Committee. Overflow crowd listens as National Commander Chamie presents Legion's 1971 legisiativ e program to House

legislative pro- ability-to-pay oath for admission to VA American Legion held its 1 1th present the Legion's 1971 THE nonservice- Annual Midwinter Washington Con- posals. Top items covered in the Com- hospitals for treatment of connected conditions and makes veter- ference in the nation's capital Feb. 13-18 mander's presentation included: the 65-and-over eligible for treat- with over 1.000 Legion leaders converg- Veterans Administration Fiscal Year ans age ment of nonservice-connected disease or ing from all points of the compass to 1972 Budget, the National Cemetery disability, and (3) when plans are being discuss Legion programs, veterans mat- Program and the VA burial allowance. made to close eight Public Health Ser- ters and national policies with govern- Noting that even though the Veterans vice hospitals and 31 outpatient treat- ment and military officials. Housing and Administration budget authorization re- ment clinics and shift some of the treat- most meetings were at the huge Sheraton quest for 1972 was the highest in the ment load of about 234,000 merchant Park Hotel. history of the agency, he voiced the Le- seamen and others to federal agencies A large portion of the sessions was gion's concern that there still would not such as the VA. Cmdr Chamie also noted taken up by the 48th Annual National be enough funds allocated for medical that the President announced plans for Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation Con- care items and that the budget was based a far-reaching set of proposals to im- ference at which some 700 service offi- on an average reduction of 5,500 patient prove America's health care to make it cers and rehabilitation workers met with beds per day. Calling attention to the available more fairly to more people and panels of elected and appointed officials national health crisis, the Commander that he would propose to Congress a whose range of activities is concerned said it was difficult to see how a reduc- national health strategy for the seventies with veterans affairs. tion could be justified in the VA medi- the v/hich would result in significant changes Major event of the week was the Feb. cal care program at a time ( 1 ) when health role in the nation's veteran population is approaching 28 in the federal I 6th appearance of National Comman- system of health care. der Alfred P. Chamie (Cal.) before the million, (2) when the President has ap- The Commander called attention to House Committee on Veterans Affairs to proved legislation that eliminates the in- another item in the proposed 1972 VA budget which the Legion felt was criti- deletion of direct Legion Earthquake Disaster Fund cal. He referred to the loan funds in the VA housing credit as- Diiring the huge banquet to the Congress, to earthquake relief has already reached sistance programs and decried its loss Nat'l Cmdr Chamie announced the estab- $40,000 as of this writing. especially in view of the national housing lishment of a Legion fund to help relieve The funds will be used to help Legion- Commander noted that the distress caused by the February 9 earth- naires, Legion posts and Auxiliary units to shortage. The post self-supporting, con- quake in San Fernando, Calif. rebuild damage-stricken houses and the program was He got quick action. facilities. tained no subsidy, in fact, produces of New York Dep't Adjutant Maurice As we went to press, a committee revenue and asked for its restoration to headed by Past Stember alertly responded to the Com- California Legionnaires the budget. Nat'l Cmdr John R. Quinn had been mander's call at the podium by announc- The Legion reiterated its mandate for his department in formed to screen requests for aid. ing contributions from a National Cemetery Program that excess of $17,000 and pledged a steady flow Those wishing to donate should make would place responsibility and control of additional funds. Other departments also checks or money orders payable to Ameri- in the office of the Administrator of Vet- responded and along with $25,000 from can Legion Disaster Fund and send to P.O. {Article continues on page 30) the Legion's national fund, the total pledged Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. 28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A PRIL 1971 President Thanks Legion for Support and Accepts its Distinguished Service Medal

Thanking the Legion for its support on the difficult decisions he has had to make, President Richard M. Nixon told an audi- ence of 2,700 Legionnaires, Congressmen and wives, govern- ment and military leaders at the National Commander's Ban- quet to the Congress that "The American Legion took the side of a strong national defense during the debate on the anti-ballistic missile system and it was an assistance to the

President. I called for a just peace and an end to the war in Southeast Asia in a way that we could also win the peace, and The American Legion stood by the President. On April 30 last year I had a most difficult decision to make on Cam- bodia. There were those who honestly opposed the decision. The National Commander of The American Legion, four days after that decision was made—and that was the soonest he could get to Washington—told me that members of The Ameri- can Legion know what it means to look down the barrel of a gun, and now we see the guns in Cambodia spiked so that they can't kill our men in Vietnam. The Legion, in the person Nat'l Cmdr Chamie, Past Nat'l Cmdr Doyle, President Nixon. of its Commander, in a time when it would be easy not to stand up, did stand up,"' said the President. to the President of the Legion's Distinguished Service Medal The support, said Mr. Nixon, "has been greatly appreciated for 1969, which was awarded during the 50th Anniversary and will always be remembered." Year that Past National Commander William C. Doyle was The President urged the Legion to continue to stand for a in office. However, the President's schedule in the intervening strong defense. time did not allow for presentation prior to this banquet. The banquet was also the occasion for a belated presentation The President is a 25-year member of the Legion.

A partial glimpse of the 2,700 diners at the National Commander's Banquet to the Congress of the United States.

Brig. Gen. James Gets Legion f iblic Relations Award for 1971

"For his unswerving dedication to the "We've got to find more ways to bring principle of reconciliation of differences us together faster," he said. "We've got among divergent groups and philoso- to make sure that we preserve the

is phies of our nation . . . and for his cour- weapon we have always had and this

age and determination in overcoming the greatest weapon in our arsenal . . . adversities and his faith in the worka- It's a weapon called unity."

bility of the American system of de- Thanking the Legion for its nation- mocracy," Brig. Gen. Daniel James, Jr., wide efforts to secure the release of U.S. the highest ranking black officer cur- P. O. W.'s in Southeast Asia, Gen. James rently on active duty with the U.S. Air said: "The people of this country will Force and the Deputy Assistant Secre- not forget their men. We are pleased by tary of Defense for Public Affairs, was your joining us in this effort and we

awarded the Legion's Public Relations want to keep on getting it together. No Award for 1971 by Nat'l Cmdr Alfred P. matter what we're divided on, there's one Chamie (see photo). thing we want to show the world that Responding in kind before 600 Legion we're together on more than anything leaders and communications media rep- ever and that is that we will get our men resentatives at a luncheon. Gen. James home!" Gen. James has personal friends Gen. James and Nat'l Cmdr Chamie. issued a plea for national togetherness. who are P. O. W.'s. THE AM :ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 29 —

CONTINUED LEGION'S WASHINGTON CONFERENCE.

to combat disabled veterans, those who don't plan to get a college education and those who have no occupational skills or abilities." * * - Henderson said Goodyear's three blimps have been ranging the skies over the nation carrying the sign "Train and Hire Veterans—Support the Jobs For Veterans Campaign" and will continue to do so. Legion National Convention visitors will see one of these blimps over Houston in August.

THE 48th Annual National Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation Confer- ence was the longest and the biggest of the week's meetings. Speakers included Veterans Adminis- praises the Legion's program. James Gates, President's Jobs For Veterans Chmn, trator Donald E. Johnson, Sen. Vance Hartke (Ind.), Chairman of the newly erans Affairs and urged an increase in the the veterans as a qualified job candidate formed Senate Committee on Veterans and emphatically VA burial allowance from $250 to $400. by publicizing broadly Affairs. Gliver E. Meadows, Staff Direc- skills, experience, character and the tor of the House Committee on Veterans Legion's Jobs For Veterans knowledge he brings to the employment THi- Affairs, and a host of other officials and market; 2 enlarge and strengthen Program drew high praise from —To experts. Jr.. Chairman of the the utilization of the many existing pro- James F. Gates. Administrator Johnson's report was President's special committee to pro- grams which have been designed and in two parts; one concerned the state Jobs For Veterans, at an Eco- created to link the veteran with job an J mote of the VA and the other recounted the which training opportunities; 3 —To inspire the nomic Commission session during story of the San Fernando Valley VA and ac- formation of strong, effective employer he urged the Legion "to expand Hospital which was destroyed in the ." action groups at state and local levels are already doing . . celerate what you earthquake of February 9. Johnson required to join together veterans and Said Gates: "We are now in the midst who made a personal visit to the site jobs: 4—To encourage public and pri- of the largest and most welcome de- reported that 46 persons (36 patients vate employers to search for and un- mobilization since the end of WW2. and 10 employees) died in the hospital cover job opportunities and check out Military separations are about double as a result of the giant quake. The hos- and hire veterans to fill such openings: what they were five years ago. That's pital housed 426 patients who were and 5 To publicize the nation's obli- great —except for one sour note. Gur — served by more than 500 employees. gation to provide jobs for veterans and boys are coming home to a sluggish Because the quake happened at 6:01 to prove that the nation is grateful for economy with high unemployment. The a.m., most of the staff were not yet on their past military service and to wel- job market is tighter than at any point duty nor were there visitors in the build- come them back to peacetime activities. in the last decade. More than 300.000 ings, otherwise the death toll might have The program is very similar to the of our Vietnam era veterans are cur- been much higher. Legion's. rently out of work. The unemployment Summarizing some of the VA's action 20-29 bracket Gates noted that the Department of rate of vets in the age in the emergency, Johnson said that Labor has added 335 full time profes- rose to 7.9% during the last quarter of minutes after the quake struck, survivors sionals to its field offices and that in- 1970, up from only 4.8% a year earlier. of the San Fernando hospital were be ng 20-24 creased activity was being felt at the Most of the veterans are in the evacuated to the hospital grounds where 2.400 federal and state employment offi- age bracket and this group is even harder injured patients and employees were ces around the country. hit. Their unemployment rate has risen given emergency medical treatment by three Also speaking to the Economic Com- from 6.4% to 10.8% in the last hospital staff. As soon as communica- mission on the same topic was J. M. months of 1970. These unemployment tions were established by walkie talkie Sales Training Manager, rates are substantially higher than for Henderson, with the outside community, injured pa- in The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Mr. non-veterans. These figures tell us tients and employees were transported described two of this com- ringing tones how imperative it is to Henderson by ambulance and helicopter to VA hos- launch a determined and successful na- pany's extensive programs relating to tionwide effort to greatly expand jobs veterans and jobs and said they were and training opportunities for our vet- highly successful. erans. We simply cannot afford to permit Gne was a constant and long-standing re-hiring this situation to stagnate until it becomes program of hiring veterans and a crisis or even worse, a national scandal. former employees returning from mili- the opera- We must do all that we possibly can to tary service. The other was ensure that the skills and talents of these tion of a tire sales training center at veterans are put to productive use. Their Camp LeJeune. N.Cin conjunction with

productivity is a great and valuable na- Project Transition, the Defense Depart- tional asset. We cannot afford to have ment's training program. these men stand idle." "Under this program," Henderson Oliver Meadows, Sen. Vance Hartke, Presi- noted, "training and education is offered He listed the five points of the Staff Director, Chairman, Senate personnel who volunteer dent's Jobs For Veterans Program: 1 — to all enlisted House Vets Af- Committee on Vet- To encourage maximum awareness of for such assistance and priority is given fairs Committee. erans Affairs. 30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A PRIL 1971 pitals at Sepulveda and Los Angeles and the American veteran, and if you really lems and legislation. "We're going to to nearby community hospitals which believe that the veteran deserves a sepa- have the Senate and the House this year were in a position to help. Over 200 pa- rate hospital system, then you better work as a team in veterans affairs. We're tients were evacuated to Sepulveda VA build today that platform and that going to take a good, long, hard look at Hospital and nearly 170 others to VA foundation to maintain the system as a the G.I. Bill Increases in the cost of living, increases in the cost of education hospitals in Los Angeles. separate entity.'" make it necessary for us to upgrade and Hundreds of area volunteers began a He said that the problems of health review this program in detail. I would day and night search of the wreckage delivery are national problems and that un- hope that you people who are responsible to extricate possible survivors buried the veteran can no longer claim a sepa- der debris. The last person rescued alive for the legislative programs of The was a 68-year-old employee who had sur- American Legion will formulate and vived with only minor injuries despite submit to us specific proposals for im- being entombed for 58 hours. provements in the benefits that the G. I. The VA hospital at Sepulveda also Bill provides. 1 believe that if action is provided shelter and food for hundreds taken to improve the benefits under this of civilians evacuated from their homes program that many of our veterans will in nearby communities. use the provisions of this act who are In addition, Johnson reported that not now doing so." the VA made available for persons who He pledged cooperation with the Le- lost homes in the quake some 225 vacant gion to restudy the whole spectrum of GI Loan homes previously repossessed veterans legislation to see where im- by the VA for default of mortgage pay- provements could be made. ments. In his state of the VA message, Mr. OLIVER E. Meadows, Staff Director of the House Committee on Johnson took issue with the report made Donald E. Johnson by House Veterans Affairs Committee VA Administrator Veterans Affairs, gave some background Chairman Olin E. Teague which stated WIDE WORLD that the VA's 1972 budget calls for a reduction in capability of approximately 5,000 patients a day from the present 84,500.

"This is not ... a reduction in the number of operating beds," Johnson em- phasized. He went on to list the number of beds that now exist by physical count in the VA medical system: general medi- cal and surgical beds, 62,1 15; psychiatric beds, 34,784; domiciliary beds, 12,823; restoration center beds 759; nursing home care beds, 5,155; for a total of 115,636 beds. Added to this are two other types of beds which the VA does not count: 257 hemodialysis beds and 496 operating room recovery beds. Turning to other news, Johnson an- nounced that the interest rate permissible on G.I. home loan mortgages was going down to 7%, the third reduction in less than three months. Responding to criticism that the G.I. Bill was not being used by young veter- ans, Johnson reported that there are now about 1 million young men and women attending various educational institutions. "The participation rate is as good if not better," he said, "than the previous G.I. Bills, and we believe, Aerial view of earthquake-destroyed San Fernando Valley VA Hospital. that upon our projections and upon the experience of the VA, that the total par- rate medical health system simply be- on that committee's plans for the up- ticipation rate at the end of the eligibil- cause he is a veteran. "We need to coming legislative year. Echoing Na- ity .. . will be greater than either of the develop an argument, a position and a tional Commander Chamie's remarks previous bills." rationale that keeps the VA system as concerning the VA budget cutback for Johnson also called for the Legion to a separate entity. We are going to have 1972 of 5,000 beds. Meadows said, look ahead and make long-range deci- to do it on a basis that is different from "That sets up a dean and simple issue. sions as to what it believed the VA's role the approaches that we have taken in Can we and do we have the will to do might be in medicine when a national the past." the work that's necessary to get back health insurance plan becomes a reality, the monies necessary to raise the ap- something he said was bound to happen SENATOR Vance Hartke. Senate Vet- propriation to at least continue the in the next decade. "If the Legion is erans Affairs Committee Chairman, present level of operations? ... If the going to remain true to the 52 years of told Rehab conferees of his committee's budget stands . . . you can just expect history which you have in the cause of bipartisan attitude toward veterans prob- to hear more complaints and more gripes

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 31 CONTINUED LEGION S WASHINGTON CONFERENCE

further specific steps that it would rec- • The Legion's National Commission ommend for national Legion action on and Committees will hold their next behalf of the P.O.W.'s. Eighteen state meeting at National Headquarters in In- governors had issued proclamations of dianapolis, May 2-6. protest at the treatment of U.S. war • The Annual National Convention will prisoners at the behest of Legion state be held in Houston, Tex., Aug. 27-Sept. organizations. The mayors of more than 2 with the Rice Hotel as National Head- 300 towns and cities had similarly re- quarters hotel and the site of most meet- sponded to Legion post and state re- ings.

quests, and it came out at the committee meetings that many other governors and Legion Baseball Now Available

mayors had done so on their own or at It's warmup time and the Legion's Na- the request of other groups or relatives tional Americanism Commission has ar- of P.O.W.'s who are determined not to ranged for the Wilson Sporting Goods let the issue die. Co., to produce an official quality base- ball built to major league specifications "Our Selective Service System must meetings during the week, the be made to react to the needs of AT for use by teams in the American Legion society. And society must realize that Legion's Child Welfare Founda- baseball program. its citizenship has responsibilities." tion approved four grants totaling It's available in six dozen lots, pre- Selective Service Director Tarr — paid, at $24.90 per dozen. First come, first served, as production is limited. Re- about people who presented themselves mittances for orders in six dozen lots for admission and were unable to ob- should be forwarded to: National Em- ." tain it . . Meadows noted that the blem Sales, P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, is equivalent to the loss of ten cutback Ind. 46206. 500-bed hospitals and observed that the federal Office of Budget and Mainte- 1971 Legion Oratorical Contest nance has found a way to achieve what Eighteen thousand dollars worth of they could not do by merely removing college scholarships will be waiting at hospitals from the system. the end of the oratorical rainbow for Mr. Meadows also said that the House four finalists competing in The Ameri- Committee was interested in keeping the can Legion's 34th Annual National High VA's direct home loan program in op- School Oratorical Contest Finals to be eration and increasing the size of the held at Northwest Missouri State Col- VA staff in order to keep up with in- lege, Maryville, Mo., on April 29 under creased demands for services. the sponsorship of the Department of the American "We are winding down Missouri. Legion's National Security and involvement in Southeast Asia. Cas- THE With prizes raised to $8,000 for first Foreign Relations Commissions ualties are down, military manpower is down, military sorties are down, place, $5,000 for second, $3,000 for met in joint and separate sessions for financial resources for the area are third, and $2,000 for fourth place and briefings by Department of Defense and down and we are making substantial an additional $500 scholarship for each State Department officials. National Se- progress in turning over responsi- department champion participating in bility the Vietnam." curity Chairman Emmett G. Lenihan of war to South Defense Secretary Laird the 12 regional contests that precede the and Foreign Relations Chairman — finals, the pot is mighty sweet for col- Thomas E. Whelan led 183 commission $25,300 for research and correctional lege aspirants. The total cash college members and guests to the Pentagon on projects for the benefit of the nation's Feb. 15 where Secretary of Defense Mel- children and youth. The action brought vin R. Laird and other government ex- the Legion's total since 1955 to about perts discussed U.S. policy in the Far $400,000. East, Soviet-American relations. South Breakdown of the grants: $3,000 to African and Latin American affairs, the Delinquency Control Institute, Uni- military operations, law and order and versity of Southern California, to help a whole host of related topics. Other finance officers attending the institute; speakers to the group included Israeli Berkshire Farm for Boys, to Ambassador to the U.S. Lt. Gen. Yitz- $5,000 to hak Rabin and Dr. Curtis W. Tarr, Di- continue a program of taped interviews the rector, U.S. Selective Service System. with troubled youth; $12,300 to American Humane Ass'n, Children's THE special committee on Prisoners Division, Denver, Colo., for a study of of War heard progress reports on nationwide juvenile court laws; and numerous actions the Legion had taken, $5,000 to Woodhaven Learning Center, nationally and locally, by itself and in Columbia, Mo., for continuance of a cooperation with other groups, to keep research project on handicapped chil- "/srae//s know what they are fight- dren. alive nationwide and worldwide protest ing for. And if a major force, that is, at the failure of North Vietnam to abide Foundation officers elected for 1971 Russia's full military strength sup- Arabs, atacked us, we by the Geneva Convention in its treat- are: William ChristofTersen (Utah), porting the would not be a Czechoslovakia. We ment of war prisoners. The special com- Pres.; Walton D. Griffin (Tenn.), Vice would never give up, not as long as Pres.; David V. Addy (Mich.), Sec'y; mittee, chairmanned by Past Nat'l Cmdr one Israeli is alive." William R. Burke (Calif.) proposed and U. S. Grant (Kans.), Treas. —Israeli Ambassador Rabin 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • Al ?IL 1971 few words scholarships to be awarded by the Le- , A about BATISTE from ^^-""^^ gion's national organization in 1971 will total $43,500. Prior to the finals thousands of high school students compete in elimination contests around the nation for a variety of lesser prizes awarded from post level proving department level. to J. Here are the sites for sectional con- For Instance, tests which take place on April 26. Consider Haband's Sectional A : Greater Latrobe Area Sen- PALO ALTO- ior H.S., Latrobe, Pa.; Sectional B: COOLEST MEN'S SHIRT Southern H.S., Durham, N.C.; Sec- tioned C: Watertown Senior H.S., THIS SIDE OF SAHARA Watertown, S. Dak.; Sectional D: Batiste Charles M. Russell H.S., Great Falls, Shirts Mont. for only The public is invited. Haband's Miracle No-Iron Summer Shirts AS CRISP AND CORRECT AS I.B.M. BRIEFLY NOTED and FEATHERY COOL CULVER STUDIO, LEVVISTOWN, MONT. AS A HAREM VEIL There's no need to swelter like you did last summer. These miracle batiste shirts are made from unique extremely fine guage light weight tropic yarns that keep you cooler. They let air circulate, absorb wetness fast, and dry even faster. Men in the know who had the money have enjoyed it for years. Now here is that luxury comfort at a price within reason. ^ District 9 provides action in Montana. ® TWELVE YEAR DuPont A First Annual Legion Jackpot Roping SHIRT GUARANTEE 65% MCROH polyester^ Wear them. Wash contest for younger veterans was orga- them. 1 Test them. If after a day, nized by Montana's District 9 at Lewis- a year, or anytime, you co'mb'ed town. The winners were Viet Vet James are not 100% pleased, we I SS^^ BATISTE will refund every penny Webber and Vet mm WW2 James Kaaro. you paid us. ! ABSOLUTE NO IRON PERMANENT PRESS Past District Cmdr Jack Perry, who, 'Y^v^v^Y^v^Y^v^v^Y^Y7^\^ r with his son, Richard, a Viet Vet, And featuring Haband's Special Palo Alto origi- We've been advertising this^ nated the program, presented the team same shirt guarantee for twelve TWO WAY COLLAR yong years. Folks roping trophy, which will travel each could murder us (1.) With Tie ^ith returns for their year to the winners. Each rider was given money back, collar stays up, ^ut they'd rather keep these OR a belt buckle through the courtesy without tie '^''a of good, good shirts! r collar rolls open ||' local merchant Don Pfau of Don's Store. /'pi |. |

In the photo, 1. to rt., are Co-chairman The Tale of the Holey Tail ADDS TO YOUR COMFORT -SAVES YOU MONEY One man wrote Wear the same shirt and Immediate Past Cmdr, Lewistown asking "do these TWO WA YS to stay cool! shirts have extra long shirt tails?" Post 16, Glenn Benton; Webber, Kaaro Seems his wife sews and he wanted her Another Feature: Even at this Low Price (the sheriff of Fergus Co.); Perry; Past to cut out enough tail for a second We Carry All These Exact Collar Sizes - pocket — an absolute necessity for Cmdr Glenn Roberts, Post 16; and Dis- summer, he explained. "Don't worry,' 114-1 472-1 5-1 572-1 6-1 672-1 7-1 772-1 8-1 872 trict 9 Cmdr Wayne Boling, of Coffee we reassured him, "all our summer shirts — whites, colors, and stripes IS YOUR SIZE HEREt^Then Creek. alike — have two pockets already take your choice from 3 good colors, 3 sewn on, and the long square tail has top fashion stripes, & bright plenty of room for tucking, too. alpine white. Check choice'^ Any 4 for $15.95. A program depicting the 3rd Annual Remember — Back to God Service put on by District I HABAND'S 5. Legion and Auxiliary of the Dep't of All Have 95 HABAND TWO POCKET PAYS THE Colorado, comes from the District Chap- TWO POCKETS I BATISTE POSTAGE lain, Arthur Parnell, who mentions that lOOXDACRON I PALO ALTO Summer Shirts he knows of two others in Valley Haband How What — COLLAR LINING] Company, Dept. AL-9 COLOR Many Size Forge, Pa., and in Puerto Rico. This ser- PURE, COOL I 265 North 9th Street WHITE Paterson, New Jersey 07508 vice was I given at Aurora Central High 65/35 BATISTE Gentlemen: Please rush me the School, Aurora, Colo., and included pre- I BLUE NO-IRON Batiste Summer Shirts checked at sentations of colors. ^ I LUXURY I right. Remittance of $ OLIVE is enclosed. TWO-WAY I To dramatize the plight of American Guarantee: I may return the shirts to MAIZE COLLAR Haband any time for full refund POWs in Vietnam, Montana Dep't Cmdr I of my remittance. Blue Stripe Bob Williams placed in the rotunda of PERMANENT I 705-11 "^ame the Montana capitol building in COLLAR STAYS Tan Stripe Helena I a cage containing a mannequin in prison street Olive Stripe garb. The display was prepared by Mrs. City HABANK Single Shirt 5.00 Arvin Knutson, of Billings, whose son, PATERSON, N.J, | state 5 for 19.75 6 for 23.35 Lt. Rodney Knutson, a navy pilot, was

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 33 Tea- shot down in North Vietnam in October The American Legion Post 128, 1965, the only known Montana POW. neck, which will distribute the gifts to His capture was not known until last year the Veterans Hospital in East Orange is active in taking when his parents received a letter from for us." Muley also him. hospitalized vets fishing in the summer. He was instrumental in the patenting of the Handi-Gear Harness that permits POSTS IN ACTION handicapped vets to fish, and has do- Colonades, an all-girl drum and The nated a number of these to the hospitals. bugle corps sponsored by Post 74, Fair- field, Conn., in search of funds, put on a concerted glass bottle drive which brought in $20 a ton for reclaimed glass. The Colonades started out by having ihe An Eternal Flame from Unit 374, N.Y. townspeople bring their bottles to the Casey, Unit Americanism chairman anJ post. Fiber barrels were obtained for 4th District vice chairman; John Roth- storage. Bottles were sorted into colors ermel. Post 374 Cmdr; Mrs. Helene —brown, green, and clear. Next, the Rothermel, Unit president; and Mayor bottles were crushed and the glass put Robert K. Caldwell (a Past Post Cmdr), into the barrels, which were capped for to whom the Flame was presented. shipment. In four weekends the workers gathered 22 V2 tons of glass, completely Post 108, Jackson, Calif., has operated crushed for shipment to a glass container a community ambulance service for 40 company in Dayville. A second goal was years. Two ambulances are kept busy achieved, that of saving the town's dump- and the service may require a third in the ing area 40-45 cubic yards of space. The near future. The project is maintained drive also took an unsightly mess of largely by annual membership ticket bottles away from the community. sales to Amador County residents and bv financial aid from the county. Post 3, Guadalajara, Mexico, has been some submitting recorded tapes, describing Post 748 and VFW Post 4551, of Antioch, local events and activities of the Legion, III., sponsored the drive to build this through the facilities of the Armed Memorial stone honoring all those who Forces Radio Network to our service served in all this nation's wars. personnel overseas. Included have been personal messages from relatives and friends. The local radio station, XEHL- FM, and Legionnaire Gary Hannes, the Post 108, Calif.: 40 years of service station manager, have cooperated exten- sively. Since the day before Christmas, 1963, Sal Muley has been sparking people to

Post 1, Laconia, N.H., was the scene of remember hospitalized veterans. A bul- the Fourth Annual Legion Dep't Ping letin board notice at his place of business Pong Tournament in singles and doubles, (Garcia Corp., Teaneck, N.J.) urges em- held the last week in March. Trophies ployees to "remember a hospitalized Post 110, Nashville, III., gave $3,000 were awarded to the first four places in veteran on Christmas Day . . . add these toward adding a new wing to the local both events, plus a revolving team trophy two initials—H.V.—to your shopping hospital. L. to R.: P. Frederking, the Finance Officer; W. H. Backs, Service Offi- redonated by Post 1. list . . . Enclose a small Christmas card cer; Z. Z. Zortman, Post 110 Cmdr; and and on the envelope write 'Merry Christ- N. Bergman, the Post Adjutant. Unit 374, Lake George, N.Y., presented mas, Buddy, from a friend.' Deposit an Eternal Flame to the people of the your gift in the Christmas box in the Post Puyallup, Wash., has for the town. In the photo are Mrs. Elsie B. cafeteria. The gifts will be picked up by 67, past year sponsored a series of local monthly radio broadcasts as part of its national security program. These are an attempt to stimulate public interest in the need for an adequate defense pro- gram and to encourage individuals to make their opinions known to our sen- ators and representatives. Chairman of the post's Nat'l Security Committee is Edward Randall, who concluded one of the recent broadcasts by saying, "We should make a determined stand (in Viet- nam) and use whatever means necessary to achieve a just and honorable peace. As long as the Communists continue to think that we no longer have the will nor the desire to promote the cause of freedom, then we will have nothing but Post 17, Centralia, Wash., gets a vital message across with this float, which it wars and rumors of wars." enters in all parades within 100 miles. It was conceived and built by Legion members. 34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 ; —

Air Service Post 501, New York, N.Y., ing a figure of over 700. It expects to for his outstanding contributions to the rise from the ashes with the aid of its development of aviation and his services members and friends and be a commu- in behalf of the United States and the nity force once again. world, in peace and war. The presenta- tion was made by Col. Bernt Balchen, PEOPLE IN THE NEWS Post 501 Cmdr and noted Arctic flyer. Richard M. Pedro, of Owego, N.Y., Im- In his response, Admiral Moorer gave a mediate Past Dep't Cmdr of New York, background report of his recent world appointed Nat'l Executive Committee- tour, including visits to Thailand, Viet- man, filling the vacancy left by the death nam, and Cambodia, in which he paid of Louis E. Drago. Harry Bruno, Post 501, NY, left, joins tribute to the young men in the armed with award-winning Adm. Thomas Moorer. services in the Far East. He also revealed Louis F. Peick, Secretary-Treasurer, In- Admiral Thomas H. Moorer, chairman some factual data dealing with the rapid ternational Brotherhood of Teamsters of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, was given the expansion of Soviet naval power. Others Local 705, given the Nat'l Labor Award Frank M. Hawks Trophy, awarded by who spoke were Juan Trippe, former head of Pan American Airways; Llewel- lyn Evans, president of Grumman Air- COMRADES IN DISTRESS craft; and Harry Bruno, Commander Readers who can help these veterans are Emeritus and founder of Post 501, urged to do so. Usually a statement is needed in support of a VA claim. shown at left in the photo with Admiral Notices are run only at the request of Ameri- Moorer. Past Nat'l Cmdr and publisher can Legion Service Officers representing claimants, using Search For Witness Forms of The American Legion Magazine, available only from State Legion Service James F. O'Neil, brought a message Officers. from Nat'l Cmdr Alfred Chamie, congratu- Labor leader Peick (right) gets award. Navy #28, Kaneohe NAS (1942 or 1943)—Need lating both Admiral Moorer and, for information from Thompson (Tennessee), of the Legion's Dep't of Illinois for dis- Landers (Alabama), Flannegan (Leaven- making the award possible. Post 501. worth, Kans.), Fox (Seattle, Wash.), Lt JG tinctive service in his position and for Murphy and any other comrades who knew efforts on behalf of VA Hospital patients, of Raymond Dean Thornton hurting his back while working on salvage crew. Also, could Post 231, Kulpmont, Pa., was recently the nation, and Legionnaires. The award use information from buddies on Commence- destroyed by fire. Gone are all cere- includes the ment Bay carrier (1944-45) and at Naval following signatures: Don- Gunnery School (Bremerton, Wash. 1944). monial equipment, memorabilia, awards, ald E. Johnson, VA head and Legion Write "CD72, American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. trophies and irreplaceable records. The Past Nat'l Cmdr; Nat'l Cmdr Alfred 10019" post went over the top in membership Chamie; Congressman Olin Teague; CAC 505th AA Bn, Bat C (Camp Stewart, Ga. Adv Tng 1944)—Need information from Capt attainment for the past 12 years, reach- Congressman Roman Pucinski; and Wright (Texas), Lt Grossman (New York) and any other comrades who recall that Cecil Penney went on sick call with a stom- ach condition. Write "CD73, American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" 306th Gen Hosp (Arrival in England 1943-44) WILL YOU SMOKE MY —Need information from 1st Sgt Hughes, Moses, Tozydlo and any other comrades who recall that Marion John Studebaker fell off a ladder from the second floor, injuring his back. Write "CD74, American Legion Maga- NEW KIND OF PIPE zine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New Yorlc, N.Y. 10019" 51st Sig Bn, Co C, I Corps Area, Wejambu, Korea (Oct. 1961) —Need information from 30 Days at My Risk? Lt Jennings, Co Cmdr; Outhouse (New York) Sgt Keenan; Cormon (Texas); Sgt Parrish By E. A. CAREY (Louisiana) and other comrades who knew that Joseph Curlis Gallet, while climbing All I want is your name so I can write telephone pole to string wires, hit a knot and and tell you why I'm willing fell off pole, suffering injuries to both knees. to send Write "CD75, American Legion Magazine, you my pipe for 30 days smoking with- 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" out a cent of risk on your part. I22nd Field Art'v, Bat D (Camp Logan, Hou- ston, Texas, 18 Feb. 1918)—Need information My new pipe is not a new model, not a new The claims I could make for this new principle in from Capt Lawton (now a general), Lt style, not a new gadget, not an improve- tobacco enjoyment are so spectacular that no pipe Parker, Maj Orr, and others who recall smoker would believe them. ment on old style pipes. It is the first So, since "seeing is Henry Rudolph Kneitz suffering head and believing", I also say "Smoking is convincing" and back injuries pipe in the world to use an ENTIRELY when struck by falling light I want to send you one Carey pipe to smoke 30 days pole. Write "CD76, American Legion Maga- NEW PRINCIPLE for giving unadulter- at my risk. At the end of that time, if you're willing zine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas. York, New ated pleasure to pipe smokers. to give up your Carey Pipe, simply break it to bits— N.Y. 10019" and return it to me — the trial has cost you nothing. 729th RR Oper Bn, Co A (Germany, Oct. 1944) I've been a pipe smoker for 30 years Please —Need information from Sgt Guynn, Conk- always looking for the ideal pipe— buying send me your name today. The coupon or a lin, McRae, postal card will do. I'll send you absolutely free my Hayes, Stocker, Walker, Brown, all the disappointing gadgets — never Holland, and any other comrades who recall complete trial offer so you can decide for yourself that Charles William Heilman, serving under finding a single, solitary pipe that would whether or not my pipe -smoking friends are right Capt Inman, injured his back while operat- smoke hour after hour, day after day, when they say the Carey Pipe is the greatest smok- ing in Germany between Allied and German without bitterness, bite, or sludge. ing invention ever patented. Send your name today. lines. The company was loading steel on As one pipe smoker to another, I'll guarantee you railroad With considerable doubt, I decided to cars when the cars started rolling. work out the surprise of your life, FREE. Write E. A. Carey, Several men were on cars something for myself. After months of experiment- the attempting to 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 246-0, Chicago 40, Illinois set the brakes and, when this failed, they ing and scores of disappointments, suddenly, almost jumped. I Heilman injured his back but re- by accident, discovered how to harness four grreat E. A. CAREY. 1920 Sunnyside Ave.. ceived no treatment at that time, and has natural laws to give me everything I wanted in a pipe. DEPT. 246-D, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60640 since had recurrent back trouble. Sgt Guynn It didn't require any "breaking in". From the first Please send facts about the Carey Pipe. Then I will was in charge of the detail at the time of puff it smoked cool— it smoked mild. It smoked right decide if I want to try it for 30 Days at YOUR RISK. the incident. Write "CD77, American Legion down to the last bit of tobacco without bite. It never Everythine you eend is free. No salesman is to call. Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New has to be "rested". AND it never has to be York, N.Y. 10019" cleaned! Yet it is utterly impossible for goo or 24th Div, 19th Inf, 1st Bn, Co A (Augburg, sludge to reach your tongue, because my invention Name. Germany 1965)—Need information from Lt dissipates the goo as it forms! Gallagher and any other comrades who re- might expect all this Address. call that Peter C. Joyce suffered impaired You to require a complicated I hearing and a nervous condition. Write mechanical gadget, but when you see it, the most sur- I "CD78, American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. prising thing will be that I've done all this in a pipe City. . Zone State. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" that looks like any of the finest conventional pipes.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 35 NEWS

heads of other veterans groups. In the years director of analysis and manage- 77th Field Art'.v, 2nd Bn & 631st Bn— (July) Jim Collins, N.W. Apts. 3A, Corsicana, Tex. photo Peick (right) is about to receive ment and second in command of the U.S. 75110 the award from Frank Bottigliero, Dep't Army Exhibit Unit, Alexandria, Va. He 86th QM Bn, Co B & 3482nd Ord— (Aug.) W. A. Singleton, 610 Mosley Ave., Thomas- Director of Rehabihtation. earlier served as information officer for ville, Ala. 36784 95th Div (Aug.) Theodore Nelson, P.O. Box the 1st Aviation Brigade, Vietnam. He — 1274, Cliicago, 111. 60690

Legionnaire Allan R. Zenowitz, of Great has been awarded the Legion of Merit, 105th AAA AW Bn (WW2)— ( June) Eldred Baker, R.R. 1, Strasburg, Ohio 44680 Barrington. Mass., named Director of Bronze Star, Air Medal and two Army 107th Eng, 254th Bn & 522nd Co— (Aug.) Ed Office of Civil Defense of Region One, Commendation Medals. Vickstrom, 2012 Washington Ave., Ishpeming, Mich. Maynard, appointment announced by 49849 131st Ord Maint Bn— (Sept.) Al Irwin, Mound Legion Past Nat'l Cmdr John E. Davis, Samuel L, Latimer, Jr., vice chairman City, Kans. 66056

152nd Inf, 1st Bn (WW2)— ( July ) James Cor- Nat'l Director of Civil Defense. OCD of the Legion's Nat'l Public Relations ley, 215 Lafayette St., New Albany, Ind. 47150 Region One embraces the six New Eng- Commission, author of a history of his 152nd Inf, Serv Co— (June) Donald Parker, 2626 Poinsette Dr., Fort Wayne, Ind. 4680S land states Jersey, and New York, New newspaper entitled, "The Story of The 166th Field Inf, Bat E— (July) Jere Gonder, 442 Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. State." The newspaper, South Carolina's Highland Ave., Chambersburg, Pa. 17201 168th Inf Reg't, HQ Co & Reg't Band (WW2)— largest daily, and Sam, its retired editor, (May) John McGlothlen, 616 S. Cedar St., Jefferson, Iowa 50129 Col. James E. Huband, of Sandston, Va., were born in the same year. 174th MP Bn— (June) Richard Hornung, 1121 State Air Defense Officer, Virginia Army Sylvan Si., Wausau, Wis. 54401 Nat'l Guard, awarded the Meritorious 209th Field Art'y Bn & 161st Reg't, 2nd Bn (WW2)— (June) Jack Embrey, 903 E. 9th St.. Service Medal by Lt. Gen. George Un- Winfield, Kans. 67156 248th Field Art'y Serv Bat— (May) William derwood, Jr., Cmdg Gen. USA Air De- James H. McGinnis, 78, of Atlanta, Ga.. Epps, Jr.. 409 Ashton Ave., Kingstree, S.C. fense Cmd. This medal is the new coun- Past Dep't Cmdr of West Virginia 29556 305th Ammo Tn (WWl)— (Sept.) Louis Gold- terpart of the Bronze Star for Medal (1924-25) and Nat'l Executive Commit- berg, 1032 Parkview Dr., New Kensington, Pa. 15068 teeman of that state in 1925-27. 308th Eng— (Aug.) Fred Lautzenheiser, 938 5th St. N.W., New Philadelphia, Ohio 44663 457th AAA, Bat B— (Sept.) Verner Macom, 132 Richard Brevard Russell, 73, of Win- Whittemore St., Pontiac, Mich. 48058 der, Ga., dean of the U.S. Senate, leader 479th Amphib Truck Co— (July) Arlie Bates, 1407 Stainback Ave., Nashville, Tenn. 37207 of the Southern conservative coalition, 531st Eng Shore Reg't— (July) Albert Skorupa, and a power in shaping the country's 539 Oaklawn Ave., Cranston, R.I. 02920 648th Tank Dest Bn— (Aug.) Al Vaughan, 919 destiny for much of his 37-year career; Garland St. S.W., Camden, Ark. 71701 a long-time Legionnaire, he served as a 676th Medical Coll Co— (Aug.) Charles Place, Mt. Lake Rd.. Belvidere, N.J. 07823 member of the Nat'l Distinguished 776th AAA AW Bn, Bat B (WW2)— (June) Guests Committee in 1931-33, 1942-43, James Kidd, Jr., 113 Elmwood Ave., Wollas- ton, Mass. 02170 and 1948-69. 783rd Eng Petrol Dist Co— (Aug.) Lester Hobbie, P.O. Box 325, Hopewell, Va. 23860 808th Tank Dest Bn— (Aug.) Chet Norwin, recognition of meritorious noncombat Leo Litz, 73, of Escondido, Calif., vet- 20290 Conley St., Detroit, Mich. 48234 service. The award says, in part: "His eran newspaperman who served as As- 830th Eng Avn Bn— (Aug.) James Scott, 341 Northridge Rd., Circleville, Ohio 43113 decisive leadership, skill professional and sistant Public Relations Director for The 841st Eng Avn Bn— (Aug.) Thomas Farrow, 700 Worthington Ave., McKeesport, Pa. 15132 well-calculated planning consistently led American Legion from 1927 to 1933. 905th Field Art'y Bn, Bat C— (Aug.) Joel to the highest standards of operational Stephens, 1504 Tyne Blvd., Nashville, Tenn. efficiency throughout his sphere of re- 37215 OUTFIT REUNIONS 974th Sig Serv Co (So. Pacific, WW2)— (June) sponsibility." He is a Past Vice Cmdr, Reunion will be held in month indicated. Rev. Dean Ussery, P.O. Box 156, SulUvan's Third District. For particulars write person whose address is Island, S.C. 29482 given. 993rd Treadway Bridge Co— (Aug.) Thomas Notices accepted on official forms only. For Harper, R.R. 1 Box 346, Ellwood City. Pa. 16117 Nat'l Cmdr Alfred Chamie, appointed to form send stamped, addressed return envelope to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, 1256th (c) Eng Bn— (Aug.) Chris Warren, 1218 the Nat'l Advisory Committee of the 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, N.Y. Grove St., N.E., North Canton, Ohio 44721 10019. Notices should be received at least five Amerlcal Ord (Aug.) John Fuino, Federal Jobs Veterans In — 567 Ridge- For Program. months before scheduled reunion. No written mont Dr., Rochester, N.Y. 14626 another acceptance, the Commander has letter necessary to get form. Ranger Bns (WW2)— (Aug.) William Creason, Earliest submission favored when volume of 4851 N. Harlem Ave., Chicago, 111. 60656 a blood brother of the Zuni become requests is too great to print all. RCOC Senior NCOs— (May) Lou Muise, P.O. Tribe in the Dep't of New Mexico, and Box 7248, Ottawa 7, Ont., Canada ARMY Topographic Eng (WW2) (Aug.) James Hever, a blood brother, also, of Gov. Robert E. — 1st Arm'd Div— (Aug.) James Durkin, 26 Ham- Box 308, Sumner, Iowa 50674 Lewis in a ritual wrist-to-wrist blood ex- lin Dr., Greenhills, Cincinnati, Ohio 45218 1st Inf, Co H (Aug.) Corteville, NAVY change, and has acquired the new In- (WW2)— Wm. 13122 8th St., Grandview, Mo. 64030 4th Amtrac Bn— (Aug.) William Palombo, 3122 dian name of Ghi Cho Wah (mocking 1st Minn & 135th Inf— (May) Criterion Res- Banksville Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15216 taurant, 739 University Ave., St. Paul, Minn. 12th Marine Defense Bn— (Aug.) Arthur Elfer- bird or silver-tongued bird) because, said 55104 dink, 6320 Gibson Dr., Orlando, Fla. 32809 Governor Lewis, that bird is a significant 4th Eng— (June) Carl Jones, Birchwood, Wis. 23rd Seabees— (July) Edward Baronas, 195 54817 Sugarloaf St., So. Deerfield, Mass. 01373 symbol in Zuni life. 6th Eng (WWl)— (Aug.) Eric Scott, 2122 O'Day 30th Seabees— (May) Joseph Straight, 48 Mc- Girr St., R.I. a Rd., Ft. Wayne, Ind. 46808 Cumberland, 02864 37th Seabees 7th Div Finance Office (WW2)— (July) Udo — (June) John Land, 106 Andricks Dr., Owen Cason, Florida Highway Patrol- Hinck, 8652 Jackie Dr., San Diego, Calif. 92119 San Antonio, Tex. 78223 71st Seabees (So. Pacific & Okinawa 1943-45)— 10th Eng (Forestry, WWl) (Apr.) James Mor- man and counselor and "songmaster" — (Aug.) Guy McCoy, 10441 Chaney Ave., Dow- ton, P.O. Box 548, Placerville, Calif. 95667 to Florida Legion Boys State, promoted ney, Calif. 90241 13th Corps— (Aug.) John Bitting, 10104 Quinby 87th Seabees— (Aug.) Ben Jayne, 1520 Mc- to captain and named personal aide and St., Silver Spring, Md. 20901 Laughlin, Oxnard, Calif. 93030 17th Abn Div— (Aug.) Vic Mittleman, 139 W. 96th Seabees— (Aug.) Ralph Reagor, 1235 N. bodyguard to Gov. Reubin Askew. Plumstead Ave., Lansdowne, Pa. 19050 Oswego, Tulsa, Okla. 74115 17th Ambulance Co (WWl)— (Aug.) Rodney 302nd Seabees— (July) James Madden, Sr., Steele, Sr., 5806 Woodcliff Dr., Greensboro, R.D. 1, Collegeville, Pa. 19426 James F. Foster, 38, of Falls Church, N.C. 27410 Cape May Section Base & Wlssahickon Bks 36th Div— (Sept.) A. F. Kohutek, 2404 Arthur Jordan, Ridge Va., an veteran of and Lincoln (WWl)— (June) 6725 Army Korea St., Irving. Tex. 75060 Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19128 Vietnam, appointed to the Legion's Nat'l 39th Combat Eng— (Sept.) Thomas Sweares. LST 887 Crew (WW2)— (July) John Grisak, 2217 E, Raymond St., Indianapolis, Ind. 46203 6131 Hollydale Ave. N.E., North Canton, Ohio Hq Staff in Washington, D.C., as a pub- 45th Gen Hosp— (May) Aaron Grossman, 2280 44721 Burnett St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11229 H. T. Harper (Armed Guard Crew, 1944- lic relations representative. Retiring from M/S 50th Eng, Co A— (July) Kermith Twito, Rt, 3, 45)— (Aug.) Orvil Hull, P.O. Box 157, Bray- the Army in January as a lieutenant Albert Lea, Minn. 56007 mer. Mo. 64624 51st Pioneer Inf (WWl)— (Sept.) Otto Rauch. Nat'l Seabee Vets— (Aug.) Lowery Bishop, colonel, Foster was for the past three 186 Adams St., Delmar, N.Y. 12054 P.O. Box 8746, Kansas City, Mo. 64114

• 36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE i =ilL 1971 USS Almaack (AKAIO)— ( Aug.) Claude Hebert, Fred H. Richmond (1970). Post 80, Kansas P.O. Box 31, Thibodaux, La. 70301 City, Mo. USS Anzio (CVE57)— { Aug.) Paul Swander, Frank J. Enrico and Philip V. Schumacher Get rid 1741 N. 10th St., Terre Haute, Ind. 47804 (both 1970), Post 299, St. Louis, Mo. USS Chandeleur (AVIO)— (Sept.) Kenneth George F. Davis and Oscar A. Flau and Otis Boyd, Rt. 4 Box 145, Culpeper, Va. 22701 E. Magor and Paul C. Milam (all 1970), Post of roaches USS Helena (CL50)— (Aug.) Jess King, 1900 23, Auburn, Nebr. Culver St., Commence, Tex. 75428 E. M. Jacobsen (1971), Post 263, Silver Creek, USS Terror (CM-5, 1942-45)— (July) John Mc- Nebr. Dougall, 16225 Robson, Detroit, Mich. 48235 John M. Rausch, Sr. Walter AND and M. Rider and ONCE Walter L. Robinson and Herman R. Schvvilk AIR (all 1969), Post 43, Florham Park, N.J. Pierre Blair and Thomas J. Cosgrove and 3rd & 322nd Air Serv Sqdns— (Aug.) James Walter Jasper and James McKinley (all 1970), Slike, W. Seneca St., Ovid, N.Y. 14521 Post 130, Midland Park, N.J. 6th Serv Sqdn— (Aug.) Fred Tichnell, P.O. Box John F. Blanchard and William 250, Oakland, Md. 21550 Buford and Charles B. Hamer and James E. Satterheld 40th, 444th, 462nd 468th & Bomb Gps— (Aug.) (all 1970), Post 251, Montclair, N.J. Hal Mufford, 57 N. Hartland St., Middleport, N.Y. 14105 Arthur G. Krieger and George Marsaitis and Nicholas Serritella (all Post 43rd Serv Sqdn— (Aug.) 1970), 356, Norman Roder, R. 1, Berkeley Heights, N.J. Waterloo, Wis. 53594 Harold Ross Glover Post 432nd Bomb (Aug.) (1970), 87, Dans- Sqdn— Jacob Mueller, 3800 ville, N.Y. N. Nora Ave., Chicago, 111. 60634 George W. Peer and Robert E. Reiner and 1125th MP Co (Avn, WW2)— (July) Harold William Schlain and Dominick J. Scopelliti Manaugh, 10416 Ridgeview Dr., Oklahoma (all 1970), Post 391, Brooklyn, City, Okla. 73120 N.Y. Michael Burke and Walter T. Donovan World War 1 O'Seas Flyers (Pilots and & Observers) Al Pedalino and Vincent —(Apr.) Ira J. Sandor (all 1970), Jones, P.O. Box 2016, Milwaukee. Post Wis. 53201 581, iNe.v \orK, N. . Rene A. Carreau and Clifford A. Rogers and Robert C. Wieboldt (all 1970), Post 1282, Mer- MISCELLANEOUS rick, N.Y. Robert Battle of Coral Sea— (May) William Surgi, Jr., Eddy and Dr. C. O. Fergusson and P.O. Box 1172, Rockville, Md. 20850 Leslie G. Gasal and Sigurd Grande and Byron SURE-KILL Women's O'seas Serv League Hansen (all 1969), Post 14, Jamestown, N. Dak. — (July) Clarice Floyd Jackson, 541 S. El Molino Ave., Apt. H, Lempe and Alfred Lindberg and Pasadena, Calif. 91106 Magnus Magnussen and Melvin Meland and V. J. Melarvie (all 1966), Post 97, Larimore, WWl Veterans— (Sept.) William Fix, Box 550, N. Dak. WIPES Parkston, S. Dak. 57366 OUT Ed F. Kurfirst (1968) and Charles F. Temple- ton (1970), Post 106, Fairmount, N. Dak. John Dallman (1970), Post 260, Fredonia, NEW POSTS N. Dak. Thomas Banks ROACH NESTS The American Legion and Harold F. Beck and has recently Harold M. Black and Alva F. Bigham and Earl chartered the following new posts: D. Birch (all 1970), Post 11, Lancaster, Ohio. Edward S. Naylor and Harry D. Ruos II and Douglas MacArthur Post 340, Dia- Joseph R. Ruos and A. Frederick Scheetz (all OR YOU 1968). Post Doylestown, mond City, Ark., 210, Pa. Crossed Timbers Post Clair A. Artz and Arthur R. Berger and 623, Crossed Timbers, Mo.; Juan Cal- Donald Berger and Paul Berger and Rayfield Berger (all 1970), Post 286, Cressona, Pa. beron Osario PAY NOTHING! Post 50, Loiza, P.R., Pan James E. Casselberry and Benjamin B. Cook and Joseph American Post 620, Houston, Tex., and V. Davis and Ronald V. Diehl and David E. Gutshall (all 1970), Post 520, Alex- G UARANTEED ROACH-FREE FOR 5 YEARS Robert M. Coakley Post 481, Madison, andria, Pa. Robert J. Foster Wis. (1962) and Sidney L. 15reiu| Sure-Kill roach killer is Stewart and John A. Ward (both 1970), Post 1, guaranteed by the man- Memphis, Tenn. ufacturer to prevent re- C. L. Burke (1971), Post 15, Bristol, Pa. infestation for up to 5 Frank I. Boyette (1970), Post LIFE MEMBERSHIPS 36, Norfolk, Va. years when used as di- rected and left in place. The award of a life membership to a Legion- Life Memberships are accepted for publica- naire by his Post is a testimony by those who tion only on an official form, which we provide. know him best that he has served Reports The Ameri- received only from Commander, Ad- Roaches can't resist Sure-Kill. They de- can Legion well. jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded vour its odorless white Below are listed some of the previously un- the life membership. powder and crawl published life membership Post awards that They may get form by sending stamped, self- to their nests, where they die. Then, a have been reported addressed return to the editors. They are envelope to: deadly chain reaction starts, that wipes arranged by States or Departments. "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 1345 out every roach Avenue of the Americas, New York, N.Y." and every egg in the Joseph Wargo and Raynor Werme and Ben- 10019 nest. Sure-Kill is safe to use, and never jamin T. Whone and On a corner of the Andrew Yobaggy and return envelope write the loses its killing power — even after years. Herman Zeitlin (all 1970), Post 12, Norwalk, number of names you wish to report. No A single Conn. written letter necessary to get forms. can cleans out 6 to 8 rooms. Edward A. Langley and Isabel G. Langley and Edwin J. C. Murray and Theodore F. • Wipes out Oriental Roaches Walter (all 1970), Post 33, Washington, D.C. American Legion Life Insurance • German Roaches • American Roaches Glenn B. Thomson and Milo F. Vogt and C. C. Month Ending January 31, 1971 • Waterbugs! White and James O. Williamson (all 1969), Post 198, Petersburg, 111. Benefits paid Jan. 1-Jan. 31, 1971 $ 216,723 SURE-KILL 5-YEAR TREATMENT Ora C. Hendricks and Warren Horney and Benefits paid since April 1958 10,021,432 only $3.98 (enough for 6 to 8 rooms), Edwin Jacobsen Basic Units in and Donald Peregrine and force (number) 168,273 2 for $7.35 (12 to 16 rooms), plus Bert Semans (all 1970), Post 356, Hamlet, Ind. New Applications approved since 60c Louis F. Miller and Dr. Roy H. Wheat (both Jan. 1, 1971 1,490 postage and handling. 1970), Post 62, Waukon, Iowa. New Applications rejected Ill N.Y. Residents add sales tax. Thomas N. Smith and Ben Snelson and Send check or money order. American Legion Life Wessie B. Stanton and Ben F. Tompkins (all Insurance is an official program of 1968), Post 76, Marengo, Iowa. The American Legion, adopted by the National Executive Committee, Glenn C. Derby and Howard Jennison and 1958. It is decreasing term insurance, issued on applica- Harold Kausalik and Angelo E. Sebben and tion to paid-up members of The American 227 E. 45 St., Dept. AK-43, New York. N.Y. 10017 Raymond E. Tucker (all 1970), Post 136, Albia, Iowa. Legion subject to approval based on health and employment statement. Death benefits range BUY WITH CONFIDENCE John 30-DAY BACK I A. Clark (1970), Post 129, Woodfords, from $11,500 (full unit up through MONEY GUARANTEE Maine. age 29) in decreasing steps with age to termination of Jay Norris Corp., Dept. AK-43 I Gerald Buscher (1965) and William H. Cleary insurance at end of year in which 75th birth- 227 E. 45 St., New York, N.Y. 10017 I (1966) and George A. Weidner (1967) and day occurs. Quoted benefit includes 15% Thomas C. Henchclifle and Lewis E. Wilson "bonus" in excess of contract amount. For Please rush me the following:

(both ' 1968), Post 217, College Park, Md. calendar year 1971 the 15% "across the board" 1 SURE-KILL 5-YEAR TREATMENT @ $3 98 Frank J. increase in benefits plus 600 postage & handling. Delle Femine and Nunzio J. Locan- will continue to all partici- | tore and Joseph N. Oliveri and Camillo J. pants in the group insurance plan. Available in 2 SURE-KILL 5-YEAR TREATMENTS @ $7.35 Quitadamo and Patsy A. Santora (all 1970), Post half and full units at a flat rate of $12 or $24 a plus 600 postage & handling. . 201, Worcester, Mass. year on a calendar year basis, pro-rated during Enclosed is O check or Q money order for ! the first year at $1 or a for Frank Bogle (1970), Post 290, Boston, Mass. $2 month insurance $ I Henry approved after January 1. Underwritten by two A. Geerds and Edward P. Slooter and N.Y. residents add sales lax. I commercial life insurance companies. American Alden J. Stoner and Elsworth D. Wallace (all Legion Insurance Trust Fund is managed by 1970), Post 6, Holland, Mich. Name (print) i trustee operating under the laws of Missouri. L. Dai! Conley (1970), Post 67, Lincoln Park, No other insurance may use the full words Address j Mich. "American Legion." Administered by The City Robert Hill and Herman H. Krenzke and American Legion Insurance Department, P.O. j Prosper A. Linden and James L. Morcomb (all Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 60680, to which state Zip I 1970), Post 90, Lewiston, Minn. write for more details. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 37 THE ROWDY EARLY DAYS OF THE VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENTS and church sextons, who set their bells (Continued from page 16) tolling. Time was lost as the firemen lugged oiusohcs with some hot collcc & the bride returned to her parents' home and their apparatus through deep snow siyht of two pretty girls." waited for him. toward the brightening glow in the sky. Delmonico's restaurant was saitl to it was a matter of otlicial business to Among the first companies to arrive were have treated volunteers of Mankiller plot ways to steal a jump on rival outfits. Excelsior Engine Co. 2, Old Honey Bee, Engine Co. 42 to a meal after every Companies practiced fast turnouts to Lady Suffolk, Mutton Hose and the Ball unless the was false or the fires, and drilled to put their engines to fire, alarm Club Hook and Ladder. Flames were best blaze trifling, in which case only cold work to shave seconds from their boiling from the roof and windows of cuts and colfee were served. The time. Some firemen rented sleeping the brick building. Wind sent sparks onto Delmonicos were members of the com- rooms over stations so they could get to roofs of stores in the thick cluster of pany. their apparatus faster. Some companies buildings just south of America's finan- employed youngsters to dash to fires with cial center. The volunteers found hy- OST FIRE companies were better empty barrels. Such a boy put the barrel drants and cisterns frozen. More time known by their official names, or over the nearest fire plug to reserve it, M' was lost as they strung hoses several nicknames, than by their numbers. His- then sat on it and assumed a look of blocks to the East River and relayed toric and patriotic official names were water as a call went out for all of the common: Washington Hose Co. 12, city's volunteers. Franklin Engine Co. 39, LaFayette En- The general alarm brought 49 engines, gine Co. 19,"Columbia Hose Co. No. 9, five hose wagons, six ladder companies Eagle Hose Co. 1 and Union Engine Co. and 1,500 men. Foremen bellowed to !8. Some allied themselves with sports, make their orders heard over the roaring such as Mutual Baseball Club Hook and flames. Intense heat and thick smoke Ladder Co. 1. Lady Suffolk Hose Co. 14 drove the firemen back as building upon after a racehorse. A few out- was named building burst into flame and walls came fits accepted nicknames given to them by crashing down. The fire quickly spread rivals. Eagle Hose (N.Y.) was eating to Wall Street and the Merchant's Ex- saloon mutton pies in a Madison Avenue change Building where stocks and bonds them. They were when an alarm called were then traded. High winds turned seen stufiing the pies in their mouths as streams to spray and glazed the helmets, fire and became they hurried to the coats and boots of the arm-weary fire- as '"Mutton Hose." known thereafter fighters, while icicles hung from their was Lady Washington Engine Co. 40 engines. Two firemen dragged their hose nicknamed the "White Ghost" because up a ladder. The wind blew the ladder her members boasted they could pass any over and they plunged to the sidewalk rig in the city, but could not point to any and were seriously hurt. York's En- they had. How New Union Black Joke Engine was lifted onto a to "Shad Bellies" is gine came be called ship at the foot of Wall Street and is were unknown. One tale that they supplied water to other engines fighting trapped on a wharf during the Coffee flames advancing along Pearl, South and House Slip conflagration in 1796 and Water Streets. Copper and iron-sheeted saved their rig by pushing it into the East "You know, Ed, if I was out I'd have to roofs melted. The molten goo ran down

River. steal three times as much as I used to, sides of buildings and puddled in the just to get by!" The fire companies quickly became street. Within an hour, 40 buildings were social clubs. Says John V. Morris, in blazing and more were about to go. A THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "Fires and Firefighting": "The engine man at the scene described how William house was their clubroom and the week- innocence until his company arrived. H. Macy, later President of Seamens ly meetings were as much a call to duty Pittsburgh volunteers enlisted prize- Bank for Savings, "held a nozzle on the as were the alarms of fire." Failure to fighters and thugs to race to fires and Tontine (Building) and, more than any attend usually resulted in a fine. The by- guard hydrants against earlier arriving other fireman, was credited with prevent- laws of Eagle Engine Co. 13 also fined outfits until their own company showed ing the flames from crossing the street at members for "Failing to come to order up. They became know as "plug-uglies." Wall and Water Streets. His greatcoat v/hen called by the chair, failure to Battles for plugs while the fire burned was burned through and his leather hel- speak up at roll call, introducing politics merrily were common. met was roasted to a crisp. Eagle En- during the meeting, using indecent New York volunteers were not in the gine 13 was ordered to play a stream on language, profane swearing, intoxication, mood for any of these shenanigans on him to keep him alive." chewing tobacco, or using a lighted segar the cold Wednesday night of December in the engine house." 16, 1835. A rash of fires the previous 2 o'clock Thursday morning, a BY silhou- Members also had to explain their week, some of them all-night battles, had blanket of smoke and flame Manhattan's skyline. On absence from a fire. N.Y. Engine 13's left them dog-tired. Heavy snows and etted lower out. found minutes for Jan. 15, 1807, record this gales sent temperatures below zero in the Beaver Street, water gave Men vinegar in Downing's Oys- entry: "Harris Safe's Excuse is received. city of 250,000. Shortly after 9 p.m.. hogsheads of the vinegar into He says at the time of the Fire he was Watchman Peter A. Holmes was making ter House. Dumping they saved the restaurant lock'd in Some One's Arms & Could not his rounds in the Wall Street financial their pumpers, Journal of hear the Alarm." Motion was made and district when he smelled smoke and saw and the nearby New York of the carried that Safe be fined $10. Many ac- flames in the upper windows of the five- Commerce Building. When news disaster reached Philadelphia, 200 mem- counts tell of volunteers getting out of story Comstock & Adams dry goods Franklin Engine Company sickbeds to go to fires. Frank Clark, fore- store at 25 Merchant St. Holmes shouted bers of flat car and man of Old Turk, was leaving on his the alarm which was relayed by other loaded their pumper on a honeymoon when an alarm clanged. His watchmen to the City Hall towerman set out by train for New York. 38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 "

Not until noon, Thursday, was the ing boiled over on a July night in 1 842 cials could not ignore the battle. They blaze contained. It destroyed 17 city when Red Rover "washed" North River revoked both charters and ordered the blocks—more than 650 buildings—in- during a Greenwich Village furniture companies to turn in their apparatus. cluding the Wall Street financial hub of store fire. Arming themselves with A year and a half later, on the after- the nation. Loss was put at $15 million. bricks, table legs and other rubble, noon before Christmas, 1843, several Miraculously, casualties were light. Four North River volunteers waited until hundred volunteers sharing Yuletide days later, Nathaniel Currier, a member their foes were returning to their station. cheer in saloons as well as a mutual of Excelsior Engine, published a litho- Following them to a dark street, they hatred of the politically-entrenched graph of the Merchant's Exchange ruins. attacked the surprised Red Rovers, clob- hoodlums of Black Joke Engine, armed The print sold as fast as Currier and his bered them and tipped over their engine. themselves with clubs and bricks and new partner, Ives, could turn out copies. The attackers were defacing Red Rover's marched on their enemy's Gouverneur It was the first Currier & Ives engraving. panels and ripping off her polished fit- Street station. The firehouse looked Subsequent lithographs from the new tings when Red Rover rallied. During deserted, but Black Joke had gotten the Currier & Ives firm glorified the volun- the half-hour free-for-all, a Red Rover word and was more than ready. As the teers. The print, "Always Ready," shows laid open John Mount's stomach with a attackers approached, the doors swung Currier in helmet, red shirt, dark trous- barrel stave. He survived, but city offi- {Continued on page 40) ers and boots answering an alarm.

PROBABLY FEW volunteers realized it, but The Great New York Fire of 1835 marked the beginning of the end of their flamboyant era. Stunned by the 1 make world's worst holocaust since London's Great Fire of 1 666, insurance companies sales by realized that if more conflagrations were to be avoided, cities would need better protection than hand-operated pumps. just parkin Companies investigated a steam-powered fire engine which had attracted little no- tice in 1829 when it was invented in my car!" London by John Braithwaite and John Ericsson. The engine could throw power- ful streams for hours with comparatively Herb Tragesser of Miami Has a Silent Partner. little effort and less manpower, thus Together Tliey Made $91.90 On Only One Sale! suggesting that cities could afford full- Herb writes; "I have one of the National Press eye-catching MAGNETIC SIGNS on my car door. It shows time paid firemen who would always be people who I am, what I sell and where to reach me. Many times, when I return to my car from lunch or a

at the station instantly ready to answer sales call, I find people waiting. They want to know where they can buy a sign like mine. I actually make car! Silent an alarm. sales by just parking my The sign is my Partner — but I pocket the Big Money!" The volunteers were not impressed. They pointed out the hazards of boiler Talk about EASY MONEY! You don't cash commissions ON THE SPOT! No have to be a super-salesman to pocket deliveries to make. balance to col- explosions and the fact that it took long- No Big Dollars. All you need is the Na- lect. Don't wait another day. Mail er to get up steam than it took them to tional Press "Quick-Cash" Kit . . . sent the coupon NOW. pump by hand. They refused to believe to you ABSOLUTELY FREE and that these problems could be solved. The postpaid when you mail the coupon. START NOW! EVERYTHING'S volunteers, who often voted as a bloc, You need no experience. No special FREE! flexed their political muscle at this first training. You don't invest one penny. challenge to their reign supreme. Just show your Quick-Cash Sales Kit to your Dry Cleaner, Service Station, FREE Suggesting there was something con- Restaurant, Beauty Shop, Tavern, etc., BUSINESS temptible about mechanical CARDS a foreign and every new business just getting . . . QUICK-CASH fire engine pulled by horses, they con- underway. Tell them how you can save vinced politicians to retain the status them big money on their business KIT cards, sales books, letterheads, enve- quo. Insurance companies nevertheless Mail coupon today for big lopes and other printed forms. Quick-Cash bought an American-built steamer in Kit bulging with exciting examples of top money-makers at low- 1 840 and gave it to the New York volun- Then prove it! Flip the pages of your Quick-Cash Kit showing eye-catching est prices anywhere. We teers. They refused to use it. include 100 free business samples of top-quality printing offered cards featuring your own Even if they had accepted steamers, it name, address at fantastic and phone. savings from the world's Send coupon today and is doubtful the volunteers could forever largest direct selling printers — discover how easy it is to turn vour spare hours into have remained a power unto themselves, THROUGH YOU! Imagine offering QUICK CASH. although they had in New York, for ex- 1000 raised-letter business cards for just $6.85! 500 full-size letterheads for ample, elected nine mayors who were NATIONAL PRESS, Inc. only .$10.45! Dept. 140, North Chicago, III. 60064 former volunteers. Loitering and sleep- Start me immediately. Rush giant money-making outfit. ing at firehouses—supposedly to answer Part-time — full-time — any time! FREE! POSTPAID! Include free business cards. You write up orders and collect big Carefully hand print so your cards will be printed correctly. alarms faster—led, instead, to drinking and gambling and caused many com- Print Name-

panies to become infested with ne'er-do- Address wells, especially as responsible mem- "Over 40 Years ot Serving America — City -Zip- bers resigned in disgust or as business in- Over 500,000 Customers terests demanded more time. Phone Number- -Age- NATIONAL PRESS, INC. Dept. 140 into GOOD ONLY IN CONTINENTAL U.S.A. Thugs came control of two New North Chicago, Illinois 60064 York outfits. Red Rover Engine Co. 34 and North River Engine Co. 27. Feud- THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 39 THE ROWDY EARLY DAYS OF TH E VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENTS firemen strong—and fought at the First (Continued from page 39) and Second Battles of Bull Run. Only 380 survived to parade when they re- open. The assault force stopped dead as out in a downtown warehouse, steamer turned home with their captured prize: they saw the Bhick Jokers massed around firemen quickly brought four powerful the Engine of Valley Forge Engine Co. a cannon. Warned the gun was loaded streams to bear. The volunteers attacked, 1, of Alexandria. Va. Another all-volun- with iron chunks and chain, the invaders chopping hoses and stoning the firemen teer outfit. The Second Fire Zouaves, turned to attack Black Joke's favorite and their engine. suffered similar heavy losses, especially saloon, Sam Dunlap's Ten-to-One Now it was the public's turn to boil at Gettysburg, where a monument marks Tavern, across the street. A Black Joke over. Fed up, the spectators came to the their valor. sniper on the roof fired a rifle shot which professionals' aid and beat up the volun- The last hurrah for the last stronghold missed and shattered the window of a teers while the paid men hooked up fresh of the volunteers came in 1865. At high house. A police riot squad arrived at that hose and put out the fire. Soon after, noon. Thursday. July 13, fire broke out moment, dispersed the mob. and con- Cincinnati definitely became the first on Broadway in a five-story brick build- fiscated the cannon, 13 rifles, six pistols American city with an all-paid depart- ing housing Phineas T. Barnum's and a wagonload of paving blocks and ment using steamers, and probably the Museum of wild animals and circus acts. clubs. Arrests were made, but Black first with or without steamers. If there Few visitors were in the building, but Jokers were quickly bailed by political was an earlier one since Colonial days, billowing black smoke attracted noon- cronies. Public reaction, however, forced any record of it is elusive. Boston and time crowds. Volunteers quickly brought disbandment of the company. other cities soon followed. In New hoses to bear, while others dashed into Black Joke's station was taken over by York, however, the volunteers continued the smoke to save trapped circus per- Americus "Big Six" Engine, whose water to rule the roost. formers and as of the as box was emblazoned with a painting of many animals they could. Hundreds of birds were re- a snarling Bengal tiger. William Tweed, ALL THEIR faults. many cham- FOR leased from cages and fluttered over a Big Six member, and a bookkeeper by pioned the volunteers and pointed Broadway, their brilliant plumage add- profession, was elected foreman of the out that only a minority of them were ing to the spectacle of the smoke and company in 1850. He used his volunteer troublemakers. As for their fighting. flames, as volunteers drove seals to association as a springboard to become Henry Ward Beecher. the Congrega- safety. head of Tammany Hall. As "Boss" tional preacher, asked, "Would you have Inside, the volunteers mercifully killed Tweed, he adopted the Big Six tiger as a company of French dancing masters to whales, crocodiles, lions, zebras and a his personal political symbol. Thomas extinguish fires?" baby elephant. Fireman George Collyer Nast's devastating political cartoons, Ladies still hero-worshipped the feisty of Rooster Engine Co. 29 saw a python which eventually helped to ruin Tweed, volunteers and youngsters still chased roasting alive. Smashing the glass cage made the Bengal tiger a symbol of Tam- after them to fires and yearned for the with his axe, Collyer slew the snake. many corruption. day when they could become volunteers, More pumpers, hose wagons and hook- too. Annual firemen's balls remained a and-ladder companies arrived to join in ELSEWHERE, the voluntccrs' excesses highlight of every city's social season. the battle. Hoselines twined like were running rampant. In Boston, Lucky was the non-member invited to a spaghetti along Broadway as firemen companies of Protestant volunteers volunteer company's Saturday night labored at their pumps. fought Catholic volunteers. All-Yankee chowder party. outfits battled volunteer companies which Hundreds of songs and dances were the crowd screamed. A permitted Irish immigrants to join. In written in their honor, including "The SUDDENLY, Bengal tiger appeared at a second- Cincinnati, in 1851, Western Hose Co. 3 Empire Hook & Ladder Polka" and "The floor window, paused, then leaped onto and Washington Hose Co. 1 got into a Diligent Hose Company Quick Step." Broadway. The panicky crowd was about brawl while racing to a planing mil! fire. Volunteers were lionized in Samuel D. to stampede when Johnny Dedham of Ten other companies joined the fray and Johnson's play. The Fireman, which Hose Co. 15 ran up to the snarling tiger volunteers from nearby Covington. opened in Boston in 1849 and enjoyed and killed it with one whack of his axe. Kentucky, rushed over to take part. too. a successful road trip. Moses Humphrey, The crowd cheered and Dedham later re- At a Philadelphia warehouse blaze, a foreman of the infamous Red Rover called he "felt a flow of feeling," as he volunteer was fatally stabbed during a Engine that had battled North River, sprinted into the building and rescued pitched battle. became a national hero in the Broad- the 400-pound circus fat lady, went back To many it seemed that the only battle way play. A Glance At New York. It in again and saved two midgets, and went the volunteers liked to fight together was depicted him as a romantic giant wear- in a third time to lead the bushy-haired that against the formation of paid fire ing a beavertail hat to crown his flaming Albino Lady to safety. By then, departments using steam-powered fire red hair. Barnum's was engulfed in flames which engines. To their dismay, it was a battle The N.Y. volunteers continued to spread to other buildings. At day's end, the volunteers steadily won. And, just as strut in their snappy uniforms and high- 17 buildings lay in ruins as the weary steadily, cities burned. Six hundred ly-polished apparatus at Presidential in- volunteers rolled up their hoses and buildings were destroyed in Albany, augurations and in parades marking trudged back to their stations. It was a N.Y., in 1849 and the following year St. every civic and Fourth of July celebra- spectacular ending to a spectacular era. Louis lost 20 people in a blaze which tion. Their grandest pageant of all was a Six weeks later the York City devastated 148 buildings and destroyed torchlight parade down Fifth Avenue, New volunteers passed out of existence by 26 Mississippi riverboats. The next year. Oct. 13, 1860, when over 4,000 volun- order of the state legislature. The era of Philadelphia lost 400 homes and 39 peo- teers marched in review past the visiting the big city volunteer fire department ple. San Francisco was all but destroyed Prince of Wales. Later that night, they was over. the end by fire in 1851. raised a ladder to his hotel balcony win-

The first crack in the volunteers' solid dow, brought him down it. and enter- front occurred in Ciacinnati, which put a tained the future King Edward VII until steamer in service on New Year's Day. dawn. The volunteers also marched off BUY 1853, and manned it with paid firemen. to v/ar together. Immediately after Fort

The volunteers' threatened violence if Sumter was fired upon, they formed The U.S. SAVINGS BONDS the city tried to use it. When fire broke First Fire Zouaves— 1,100 New York 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • Al ML 1971 .!

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THE AI^ERICAN LEGION IVIAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 41 WHAT THE ARMY IS DOING TO MAKE OUT WITHOUT THE DRAFT niakeafulljim (Continued from page 9) on men all day Saturday for no good Lt. Col. Teddy Roosevelt, Jr., and 19 mcomepaiffame reason. The training programs at Carson fellow citizen officers, gave Pershing a from on high so that prescription. It was only different in de- VON SCHRADER OFFERS YOU were rescheduled units had their week's mission (in fact tail from what Westmoreland, et ah, are 3 WAYS TO PROFIT in trying on for size again 52 years later. IN YOUR OWN BUSINESS. 17 weeks' missions) advance, and could clear out Friday night or take sack- While they were in Paris, Roosevelt and Here's your opportunity to tiave your own business. One ttiat otters an on-location cleaning service. Ttie demand is so big time Saturday morning if they'd wrapped his friends took the time' one evening to so fast— that how much you earn for this service— growing Legion. depends largely on you. up the week's work by Friday. The old plan the formation of the Fol- Every year there are more homes and public buildings with idea of loading "make work" on men lowing their own advice to Pershing, wall-to-wall carpeting— carpeting cleaned easier and at less cost when cleaned on-locatioii. These same homes and build- who had free time—simply because these light colonels later murdered army ings have walls and ceilings, and upholstered furniture that spirited their need cleaning. they'd done their job well and promptly regs. They men away from With Von Schrader Detergers— professional cleaning equip- —was tossed in the ash can by the c.o. outfits to come to Paris for a Legion ment—you can do on-location cleaning at its best . . . make as much money part time as many people earn full time . . . The idea of listening to the opinions organizing caucus in March 1919. by enjoy a steady, growing business. You need no special skills. of the men and the junior officers (you writing phony orders. There was no START WITH 1. 2 OR ALL 3 VON SCHRADER DETERGERS

Carpet Deterger. Cleans so completely It tielps don't have to do anything about it un- restore natural beauty — fast drying. something good) is also Upholstery Deterger. Gives deep-level cleaning less you hear to every inch of uptiolstery fabrics. rated higher than psychedelic art by Wall Deterger. Wasties walls and ceilings 6 times faster ttian by hand — wittiout mess. Rogers. He had his Enlisted Men's Coun- All Von Schrader Detergers are tigtitweight and easy to use. Proven reliable and profitable for thousands of users. cil at Carson. In experiments at Fort No fees, no contracts. You own your equipment. You are Benning, the army has organized deliber- your own boss. And we'll help you every step of the way. Amazingly small investment. You can have your own on- ate brainstorming on military matters location cleaning business for a very small investment. Send for full information. No obligation. among junior officers. It is unbelievable that if an army will listen to its younger

men it will not get some good ideas along with the inevitable naive ones. Industry profits by recruiting the brains of newer generations, and exploiting the eagerness of the young. The military (especially FREE BOOKLET TELLS V/HOLE STORY-MAIL COUPON TODAY has too often crushed i on stateside duty) VON SCHRADER CO. Ml Place, Racine, Wis. 53403 eagerness and initiative as perhaps 20 | — Name | million or so living witnesses might be Present Occupation | pleased to testify. Even if the output of Address | useful ideas should be small, an army City State -Zip- that's looking for volunteers will prob- ably find more of them if a man can NO NEED TO WEAR think his brains as well as his body arc in service.

It is through the de- interesting to go "There were four of you in the poker tails of combat operations of every war game, right? Art told Bea he lost $20, A TRUSS in our history and see how. time and Jim told Alice he lost $12, Harry told Mary he lost $18, and you told me you again, the initiative and ingenuity of lost $101" FOR RUPTURE junior oflicers and enlisted men saved the day in a crunch. The Battle of the l UK .\i\IEHlCAN I.I'XilON MAGA'/.INK Thai Binds, Cuts, Gouges, structure at Slips and Does Not Hold Bulge, when the command the action simply collapsed, straightforward way to call the dele- II you must wear a Truss [or Kupturu, don't the heart of this. with and ad- iniss A Post Card, name is but one heroic example of what men gates in "by the book," antl even Persh- dress, will get you FREE, and without obli nation, tlie complete, modernized Rice Plan can do on their own. ing was too afraid of his own rules to iit Reducible Rupture Control. Now in daily see often openly authorize the caucus. As soon as use by thousands who say ttiey never It is also interesting to how Ure;imed possible such secure, dependable troops that were great in battle, when the doors were closed at the Legion and comfortable rupttne protection. Sal'cl.v l)loclis rupture opening, prevents escape, they had to use their initiative, fell into caucus, the colonels, buck privates and witliout need lor ljullcy, cumbersome dispirited apathy and mischief when re- in-betweens voted to abolish rank within Trusses, tormenting springs or harsli, goug- ing pad pressure. Regardless of liow long turned to a round of useless activity in the hall for the sound, but non-reg, rea- ruptured, size, occupation, or trusses .vou it didn't suit the purpose of the liave worn. TRY THIS, and send your Post garrison rigamarolc. son that to Rice, Inc., Adams. N. Y. Card today W. S. The American Legion is an accidental activity. Without asking Cieneral Tolson. Dept. 8T. product of the collapse of the morale of I'd bet that if he were to define "crap" the AEF when WWl was over. Troops he'd pLit "rules that are contrary to rea- who'd stormed the slopes of the Meusc son" high on his list. with abandon turned sullen and unman- Now that the 1971 army is looking ageable when held in France on a diet at itself, there seems to be no end to the of parade-ground marching and manual list of follies it is coming up with for of arms exercise for which they no longer overhaul. Hardly a day goes by but that conceivable use. regLilars a new release comes out about some triv- Eajy way to raise money for your Organization had any The because everyone haj tun playing BINGO! were astonished at, and had no answer ial thing for the list—like why salute Thousonds of Organizotions ore making up to for. the rot that was infecting the recent when in an automobile? And on and on. S500.00 per week using "BINGO KING" supplies things the army and FREE Idea Bulletins. Write for FREE sample heroes. But Pershing had the brains to Below are a few more Or- card and details on raising money for your call some reserve officers—civilians at is trying or wants to try if it can get the ganization. tell to do money. - PLEASE GIVE NAME OF ORGANIZATION. heart—into Paris to him what with civilian soldiers who chafed at end- Partition hanctcks so the men can futile work." (Continiietl on pai^'e 44) DEPT 679 BOX 1178, ENGLEWOOD, COLO. 80110 less parading and "make 42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 SAVES YOU UP TO $500 ON PAINTING & DECORATING!

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 43 WHAT THE ARMY IS DOING TO MAKE OUT WITHOUT THE DRAFT AS HEVER BEFORE! (Continued from page 42)

have more privacy. Two men to a room cipline on the firing range irrespective of Fisherman's is suggested as an ideal. If you ever spent bed inspection, reveille and the decor of a couple of years living with a row of the rec hall. men, some of whom wanted the light on Nevertheless, there is a real danuer discoTnt while some wanted it oflF. this idea needs that these reforms can corrupt the army no further endorsement. The army and be death to its men if we don't h ive doesn't have the dough today to parti- enough officers who are able to draw a CATALOG tion all its barracks. It intends to ask hard line between "fair" and "soft." Congress for it. There's no room for softness in the mili- Put an end to kitchen police and ail tary, and many people—including some other similar duties, such as grounds- officers—believe that you can't be fair FREE keeping, which use soldiers as laborers, to soldiers without being so soft on them dishwashers, etc., instead of as soldiers. that they become useless as soldiers. Hundreds of Fishing Items at the Possible LOWEST This will kill a lot of old jokes. Right Prices: Rods, Reels, Lures, Terminal Taclde, Etc.! after WWl. much of the sprightly hu- BIGGEST MONEY-SAVING VALUES! mor in this magazine dealt with the rue- ful accounts of men who barged into the •Jf RUSH my FREE Catalog to me. army to whip the Kaiser and ended up NAME 1 peeling potatoes. Terminating k.p. is not just the troops. aide to ADDRESS 1 "babying" As an General Forsythe told this writer, it's CITY 1 a waste of soldier manpower and training STATE ZIP 1 time to have them policing the grounds or cleaning tables. And it sure kills en- SPORTS LIQUIDATORS thusiasm for military life. When and if Box414-V, SUN VALLEY, CAL. 91352 the army can hire civilians to do these specialized jobs, it proposes to give the soldiers more soldiering. Training in YOU CAN A 56'x12' MOBILE OWN HOME, military arts will be intensified and PLUS A 75'x125' LOT READY TO speeded up, they say. But again. Congress OCCUPY-ALL FOR ONLY will have to foot the bill for the civilian employees who could release soldiers for more soldiering. On the other hand, we 7995 may need fewer men in uniform once the Financing Available jobs are classified right. iQi 111 Install a merit system of rewards for sharp military achievement. This is an THE .\meui<;an legion M \V. \/,IN'F. idea that's as old as the human race. I

have it from Mr. Usually Reliable It isn't trLie. The best officers through- Source that merit rewards haven't moti- out history have been exceedingly tough vated men very well in early experiments. and .'•crupulously fair. Men have che.-r- Mr. Source also said that the rewards fully followed such leaders—be t'lcy the army tried out were the sort of generals or sergeants—to the gates of 60' X 12' & 64' X 12' Models Also Available things that goof-oflfs like—extra liberty hell. But we'll be in trouble if wc don't Located In The Citrus Heart Of The And Lake and things like that. Maybe the trou- have enough officers who know ho v tt) Section Of Florida, On Four Lane U.S. #441-27. ble is that the sharp soldier gets interested be fair and tough at the same time. '973 can Why pay rent when you immediately move into a in his work, and cares less for goof-off is too soon to make them. To a de rrcj brand new two bedroom Home beautifully furnished all in readiness to enjoy leisure Florida living at its privileges. A system that gives assured that few seem to have recognized, West- best. Lot survey, permanent foundation with tie-downs respect for good work, rather than spe- moreland's reforms pose a stern test of & electric service pole included. Original offering 480 units completely sold out. New addition 60% sold, in- cial privileges, would probably serve the army's leadership, from the non- vestigate before its too late! For free booklet "Mobile better—though it's harder to design and coms up. Home Living in Florida", photos and information write- criticisms of the reforms ORANGE BLOSSOM HILLS, Dept. 423 A operate. Some recent 2148 N.E. 164th Street, Miami, Florida 33162 Westmoreland hopes to upgrade the from highly qualified men would be all pay scale for combat types—infantry, too true if a significant number of officers MAKE $12 AN HOUR AT HOME armor and artillery. He has made a pitch interpret liberalization of obnoxious Let Me Prove It To You FREE! to Congress on this. He, Forsythe. Rog- practices to mean a loss of power to en- I'll show you how Plastic Sealing and ers, et al.. say they have no intention force discipline, or if they are such poor Laminating at home, spare time, can give you as much as Slli each hour you of relaxing on-duty discipline in the leaders that they can only enforce dis- operate. Table-top machine sets up anywhere. Easy. Fun, No ex nerience needed. We furnish army. Naturally, they run into the criti- cipline on a diet of chicken. everythinj^. We'll even help finance yo-u. No house-to-house aellinp. Orders come by malL cism that they'll make the army soft and Gen. Hamilton Howze, who headed Wrifo for facta FRF'-' Nn .oUsman will call. useless. it. the time the 8th in Korea, and before that WARNER ELECTRIC, 1512 Jarvis, Dept. L-8-AD, Chgo., III. 60626 They deny At same Army they deny the old tradition that you get the 82nd Airborne Division and the 18th better performance in important matters Airborne Corps, wrote from retirement from soldiers by kicking them around in a recent issue of Army magazine that \re you miserable with pain and aches of leg and humiliating them in trivial things. "a force that lacks good discipline will j ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- I Amen. take a terrible shellacking from one that juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that I orks as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back Men take discipline when they see the has it." You had better believe it. There guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today, I reason for it, and it's entirely possible can be no Enlisted Men's Council or |l. e. viscose company and dis- {Continued on page 46) iOO W Chicciao Ave., Chicdqo, Hi. 60610 to demand exact performance

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • A PRIL 1971 - !

Grass Seed Is For The Birds! Zoysia Saves Time, Work And Money EARLY BIRD SPECIAL! ORDER NOW AND GET UP TO 200 PLUGS FREE! CUTS YOUR WORK, PLUG AMAZOY INTO OLD SAVES YOU MONEY LAWN, NEW GROUND OR Your deep-rooted, established NURSERY AREA By Mike Senkiw Amazoy lawn saves you time and Just set Amazoy plugs into holes in Agronomisf money in many ways. It never needs ground like a cork in a bottle. Plant 1 foot apart, checkerboard style. replacement . . . ends re-seeding Every Every year I forever. Fertilizing and watering plug 3 sq. inches. see people pour planted in existing areas (water costs money, too) are rarely When lawn more and more plugs will spread to drive out old, un- if ever needed. It ends the need for money into their wanted growth, includng weeds. Easy crabgrass killers perir^nently. It planting instructions with order. lawns. They dig, cuts pushing a noisy mower in the fertilize and blistering sun by %. Your Own Supply of Plug Transplants lime. They rake WEAR RESISTANT Your established turf provides you it all in. They with Zoysia plugs for other areas as When America's largest Univer- Amazoy is the Trade Mark Regis scatter their you may desire. fered U.S. Pafenf Office for our sity tested 13 leading grasses for seed and roll and Meyer 1-52 Zoysia Gross. wear resistance, such as foot scuff- NO SOD, NO SEED water it. ling, the Zoysia (matrella and ja- There's no .seed that produces winter-hardy Meyer Z-52 Zoysia. Gra.ss and sod or ordinary Birds love it! Seeds which aren't washed ponica Z-52) led all others. Meyer grass carries with it the same problems as away by rain give them a feast. But some seed Your Amazoy lawn takes such seed—like weeds, diseases, frequent mowing, grows, and soon it's time to weed, water and wear as cookouts, lawn parties, lawn burning out, etc. That's why Amazoy comes in pre-cut plugs . . . your assurance of lawn . . . until comes to burn furniture, etc. so thick mow, mow summer Grows you succe.ss. the lawn into hay, or crabgrass and diseases could play football on it and not Every Plug infest it. get your feet muddy. Even if chil- Guaranteed to Grow That's what happens to ordinary grass, but dren play on it, they won't hurt it In Your Area * In Your Soil not to Zoysia. —or themselves. CHOKES OUT CRABGRASS • WON'T WINTER KILL—has sur- Thick, rich, luxurious Amazoy vived temperatures 30° below zero! "MOWED IT 2 TIMES," WRITES WOMAN grows into a carpet of grass that • WON'T HEAT KILL—when other For example, Mrs. M. R. Mitter writes chokes out crabgrass and weeds all grasses burn out, Amazoy remains ". me how her lawn . . is the envy of all summer long! It will NOT winter green and lovely who see it. When everybody's lawns around kill. Goes off its green color after Every plug must grow within 45 days here are brown from drought ours just stays killing frost, regains fresh new or we replace it free. Since we're hardly as green as ever. I've never watered it, only beauty every Spring—a true peren- in business for the fun of it, you know we have to be sure of our product. when I put the plugs in . . . Last summer nial! Consider the time and you invest we had it mowed (2) times. Another thing, money NO NEED TO RIP OUT in your lawn and it doesn't pay to strug- we never have to pull any weeds it's just — gle with grass that burns out just when wonderful!" PRESENT GRASS you want it most. Order Amazoy now Now's the time to order your Wonderful? Yes, Zoysia Grass IS wonder- and let it spread into thrillingly beauti- ful! Plant it now and like Mrs. Mitter you'll Zoysia plugs—to get started on a ful turf! lawn that will choke out crabgrass cut mowing by 2/3 . . . never have another weed problem all summer long the rest of and weeds all summer long and year UP 200 after year. your life! TO PLUGS And from Iowa came word that the Men's Plug it into an entire lawn or lim- For Ordering Early! Garden Club of Des Moines picked a Zoysia ited "problem areas". Plug it into FREE lawn as the "top nearly perfect" in poor soil, "builder's soil", clay or Order Now for lawn— plus _ sandy soils even salty, beach areas, Earliest Planting ion Plugs the area. Yet this lawn had been watered — bonus of 10. TOTAL R93 In Your Area PLITGS " only once all summer up to August! and I guarantee it to grow! of 110 These represent but 2 of thousands of PERFECT FOR SLOPES 100 plugs 200 plugs 300 plugs 1100 plugs and plugger. and plugger, md plugger. and plugger. happy Zoysia owners. Their experiences If slopes are a problem, plug in plus bonus plus bonus plus bonus plus bonus of of 2r) of nn FUEE of 200 FREE show that you, too, can have a lawn that Amazoy and let it stop erosion. Or 20 FREE FUEE TOTAL 120 TOTAL 22.5 TOT,U> 350 TOTAL 1300 stays green and beautiful thru blistering plug it into hard-to-cover spots, play- PLUGS PLUGS PLUGS l'"'«''^3995 heat, water bans—even drought! worn areas, etc.

To: Mr. Mike Senkiw, Nurseries, Dept. 456 • • Zoysia Farm Work Less Worry Less Spend Less 6414 Relsterstown Rd., Baltimore, Maryland 21215 • Easy To Plant, Easy • Perfect For Problem Areas Dear Mr. Senkiw: Please send me the quantity of guaranteed as checked below: To Care For • Chokes Out Crabgrass Amazoy And Your Established Amazoy Lawn— 100 Plugs plus bonus 100 Plugs & Plugger 200 Plugs plus bonus • • Reduces Motving Stays Green Through Droughts of 10. TOTAL 110 plus bonus of 20 FREE. of 20 FREE. TOTAL OF • Resists Blight, Diseases* Won't Winter Kill PLUGS.... $095 TOTAL OF $095 220 PLUGS $1 •|20 120 3 .4nd Most Insects • Laughs At Water Bans PLUGS 200 Plugs & Plugger 300 Plugs & Plugger 1100 Plugs & Plugger No Need To Rip Out Your Present Grass plus bonus of 25 FREE. plus bonus of 50 PLUGS plus bonus of 200 plugs. Plug in FREE. TOTAL $1 "175 TOTAL 1300 $QQ95 Amazoy li^n PI MRS 1 # PLUGS 00 _ _ _ __ ON PATENTED Just set Amazoy plugs into OJIlir STEP-ON PLUGGER, holes in ground like a cork 1 Enclose i Check M.O J\|lyr. OR GET IT FREE in a bottle. (Plant 1 foot " WITH LARGER apart, checkerboard style.) NAME ORDERS OF 600 PLUGS OR MORE. Easy planting instructions A growth-producing 2 -way plug- with each order. ADDRESS ger that saves bending, time, work. Cuts away competing growth Order now for Bonus Plugs Free, and earliest delivery at planting at same time it digs holes for CITY time in your area. Orders are plugs. Invaluable for transplanting. shipped same day taken from Rugged yet so light a woman can soil. Shipping charges collect, STATE ...ZIP use it. via most economical means.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 45 IMEN-WOMEN-COUPLES^ MOTEL CAREERS WHAT THE ARMY IS DOING TO MAKE OUT WITHOUT THE DRAFT AVAILABLE (Continued from page 44)

Would YOU junior officers" brainstorming session on teer proposition as a political fact of like to meet the field of battle unless the aim of the 1971, beyond debate of the men in uni- exciting peo- out. form. Whether it can raise a million ple, have job army is to get wiped security, travel Further, battlefield discipline must be volunteers under any circumstances is and live in pleasant surroundings? learned to the point of blind habit in the questionable. It is madness to think it Train at home as Motel Managers, training camps and stateside duty sta- could get them for a chicken army. Clerks, Housekeepers, Hostesses The army won't talk about ending followed by resident training at Mi- tions. Howze fears we may be heading ami Beach, Fla. or Las Vegas, Ne- toward an army in which decisions are the draft. It is obeying Nixon by shoot- vada. Age no barrier— maturity an made by popular vote and every order is ing for a "zero draft" by 1973. In plain asset. For FREE information mail preceded by a conference among all con- language, it wants the draft law on the coupon today! Accredited Member NHSC. will its best APPROVED FOR VETERANS cerned. Men would pay for such follies books just in case, and do with their lives the first time they faced to fill the ranks without resorting to it. UNIVERSAL MOTEL SCHOOLS, Dept. AL 1901 N.W. 7 Street. Miami. Fla. 33129 a resolute enemy. Howze asks, in fact, Meanwhile, the politicians are blow- for a new and tougher disciplinary pol- ing every which way on the question of icy. If he's talking about fighting disci- the draft—some out of sincere doubts Pltni Print pline, why not? The better its fighting about what to do, and others out of their Name _ Age. discipline, the better and prouder the changing sense of the politics of it. AdcJress _ army and the more of its men survive City .State battle. There could be no greater kind- Ptione Zip. ness to men than to increase their chances of winning and living. RATED X But Howze could be right, if. . . . If our officer corps cannot distinguish The Study of Law (For Adults Only) between the firing range and the rec hall, The Blackstone School of Law offers a program of reading assignments for men between maneuvers and barracks life, and women who have completed formal between hearing the opinions of enlisted schooling. men and junior officers when there is NOT A CORRESPONDENCE COURSE time to hear them, and letting them ques- You can schedule your program to your time and interests and cover any or all law tion orders when given, we and the army subjects. are going to be in deep trouble. But if we WRITE FOR FREE BOOKLET "The People have intelligent officers who understand vs. You" for full information on program "My name is Mary Ann Goodbcdy, and and costs. No salesman will call. leadership, this writer fears nothing from please keep your smart remarks to your- the reforms that have been ordered so BLACKSTONE SCHOOL OF LAW oept n self." 307 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60601 far. If we lack enough such officers, God case. Further reforms in help us in any THE AMERIC\N I ECtllN M.\GAZINE officer training would be indicated. PERSONALIZED / PATRIOTIC undermine A while back we were hearing: "End WELCOME HOME DECORATIONS The current trend to is no help. ROTC infuses the the draft. It is cruel to the young." Now FOR INDOOR & OUTDOOR USE ROTC army with officers from campuses who we can hear: "Keep the draft. A volun- have a healthy, needed mix of military teer army would be an army of the poor, Colorful Banners, Pennants in the who sign up because they can't do better and Balloons available now and civilian values. Service "new for Welcome Home Cele- army" should offer rewarding challenges in civilian competition." brations. Free color bro- to new ROTC officers by putting them As the day approaches for Congress chure. Write today! P.O. on their mettle more than in the past. to act on the draft law— it expires this Box 392, Newtown, Pa. promise of summer and must come up for renewal 18940 There's less rigidity and the more room to grow in seat-of-the-pants —you'll hear the debate narrow down for those who have it. to facing the facts. Three propositions HYDRAULIC JACK REPAIRS leadership ( ) the draft now The reader must not confuse enthu- will be heard. 1 End Earn While You Learn In Your Spore Time reforms with (a sure loser). (2) Extend it two years, Trained and qualified mechanics needed NOW to service siasm for Westmoreland's inoperative hydraulic jacks. BIG opportunity for ambitious the draft and go- as President Nixon asks, to give the men. We zhow you HOW - in your basement or garage to enthusiasm for ending earn spare lime cash in an expanding industry. Don't wait, is army a chance (a possible winner). ACT NOW! Gel Ihe facts. ing to a volunteer army. This writer Write for folder No. A4 and free bonus offer. enthusiastic about the reforms and dead (3) Extend it the normal four years .Hydraulic Jack Repair Manual Co., Inc. set against a volunteer army. The Amer- and give up all thought of a 100% 'a. P.O. BOX 3 • STATEN ISLAND, N. Y. 10314 ican Legion has taken no position on the volunteer army for now, because a big rigid in size, does reforms, but its official national security volunteer army is too experts warn against ending the draft and not attract the broad spectrum of human FLUSHES UP going 100% volunteer. The army doesn't quality that a modern army needs, makes to sewer or septic tank want an all-volunteer army, and its offi- service to the country "just a job," and no digging up floors. cers have repeatedly testified against it, in the long run becomes set in its ways of a host of and too remote from the values of the WRITE , . . Mcpherson, inc. citing chapter and verse wait. society it is supposed to defend. BOX 15133 TAMPA, FLA 33614 dangers that lie in But Westmoreland's reforms make as The fat will be in the fire, come July. FIND BURIED TREASURE much sense in a draft army as in a Meanwhile, if carried out right, the ought to make a Powerful electronic detector voluntary army. When Rogers called a "new army" reforms silver, finds buried gold, the chicken "self-inflicted wounds better draft army in any event. "Be hu- coins, etc. 5 new models. lot of [ Write tor tree catalog. of a hundred years" he removed the man in human things and military in subject in time from what the army has military things" is the key to carrying RELCO,D^p' to do in 1971. it out right. THE END BOX 10839, HOUSTON, TEX. 77018 The army is faced with an all-volun- 46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 fJf££/\f you order NOW! COMPLETE FISHING OUTFITS 2 LEAKPROOF FLOATING TACKLE BOXES NATIONALLY ADVERTISED 1971 MODELS

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SOME Gl LETTERS FROM VIETNAM 1WIN (Continued from page 22) I M KM\>B Vietnam is just; and if we refuse to help the fighting in Saigon Tet of '68. Khang has 1 DAY $0 these people who have asked for our aid. reason to ha'z the communists! He does. then we deserve whatever judgment history "But to some of you back home, these STAKES 1 has for us. are other peoples' problems. You think you TlIK I'OKT. siiihiiip. saiil he liivi-il race linr^is lur tlicir "There are not better judges of Vietnam don't have to worry about things like this -li-.Uiicss. Kriic'f. aliil lH-;uil\. Tin- playir. fiinliini. siiitl lu- I.iv.hI IIkmii for thoir Hiniiir..- \va.v^ with I'ENCLIKF than those who have been there. . . . Until back 'in the world." Well, Jack, look around.

uorltlv lni> race computer, an. I uiti^ tij) to ^I'll a ilay you have been there and seen, it's difficult What is happening now is the start. And uilh S-J slakes. SENSATIONAL— Space age—si-initifir. we Mippl.v FACTS to make an accurate assessment of the man it is going to get a whole lot worse —over 4.000 latest CilECKAIil.E his; "in I'ENCI.IFF actual issues surrounding the Vietnam ques- if some people don't open their eyes. results. BIG $2 pays illcl. $66. $70. $82. $90. $96. $104, etc. .Vlld BIO track wins — ?i: stakes on all prcdiclioiis in tion. But please remember, the men who "Right now Americans are being killed all races iiicl. $113, $118. $121. $134. $141. $151. etc. I ('LEAK rUOFIT ON THE DAY. 0%er a .liizeli race ex- have been there, the ones who have seen by other Americans. don't mean just the perts HRAINS AUE BFILT INTO I'ENCLIFF. Experi- their comrades die, overwhelmingly support few who are killed in 'dissent turning to ence the pha-'iun of seeing tliis amazing instrument ."think" as it works out wins for you. Not .iust small ones our commitment there. They have sacrificed violence.' I mean the hundreds and thou- —many grand, liift. BIG pays. Later, you'll accept as the most, and they believe they are right." sands who are being killed here because iioritiHl. hut at first we're sure you'll find the unique way this remarkable instrument receives race informatiun you the communists have had their confidence in>rks ii t.ul and COMl'I TES it. will feed in. skillfully bolstered by the protesters and the violence he one of the most wntnierful extierienres of your life. STUDENT protest brokc out We programmed THOT'S.\M)S of races to an I.I!.M. com- WHEN and a slanted news media in the United puter with intensive probes into entrants — couivaletit In over President Nixon's decision to States. . . . '>

. . to bring SELLS others who wanted to flee the communist . The children want us them ON rule. Khang told me that his brother and back to camp and let them stay with us. SELL r«w Irfetima, Golden Metal thinking of staying SIGHT! i a sister have been killed since he and his "Mom and Dad, I'm Social Security Platei in ipare time for 'til I want BIG PeOF/rS. Millioni woiling ta buy. family left everything in the North to start over here I get out of the Army. obligation whatsoever. No inveitment or a new life in the South. to help ... as much as I can . . . When SEND FOR FREE SAMPLE AND a lieutenant in the South a person comes to a place like this he COMPLETE SALES KIT NOW.' "His brother, RUSSELL PRODUCTS CO Vietnamese Army, caught a B40 rocket in can see how lucky he is, and it makes him for the good life he has had . . . P. O BOX 286 AL-18 PULASKI, TENN. 2B^78 the stomach, his sister was killed during thank God 48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 !

If I had a choice I think I'd like to stay HABAND man-made polyr-r-i- here and help (but) I have so much to ______come home to I don't know what I want to do. This country needs all the help it NEW ." can get . . . Specialist Fifth Class Robert Geiger PRICE serving with the 71st Evacuation Hospi tal at Pleiku, worked on his own time SHOES helping some Montagnard villagers. He sent a letter of thanks to his East End Methodist Church, Nashville, Tenn.,

for clothing and soap it had sent him for the Montagnards, which was placed in the Record of Dec. 15, 1969 (page H 12435) by Rep. Richard Fulton. In part, Geiger wrote: "(Your gifts) have been distributed and Loafer the people were very glad and grateful for them. Since I sent out a call for help I've been working in a leprosy colony. There was a great need for clothing there. . . . TAKE YOUR The remaining clothes and all the beauti- CHOICE OF ful soap went to the Montagnard villagers. FIVE STYLES They had the biggest bath I've ever seen. Oxford The whole village lathered up. The soap CASH IN NOW on these is a tremendous help in keeping disease Extraordi- YOU'LL BE SHOCKED nary Savings! The day and infection down. The children's clothes of the high WHEN YOU SEE OUR SHOES help priced shoe is over. Folks arc paying keep down the number of colds. Here After what you've paid for shoes, you'll in many dollars less than ever the mountains it gets quite cool at night before, wonder how any such price as ours can and there is a lot of thanks to the miracle new pneumonia in the "polymeric" be. Well, you get top quality uppers, children. I'm now working in a civilian hos- shoe materials. This is no "cheap imi- good lifetime laces, life-of the shoe PVC pital as an advisor. I've had an opportunity tation" shoe. It's the real thing: the sole and heels, flexible support shank to see a side of Vietnam very few get to New Price Shoe that looks and feels in the arch, gentle foam heel ^ee. This cushions, country is now locked in a con- and wears as well as any shoe you superior gentlemen's detailing. The llict that will take more than arms to end. have ever worn and yet costs a frac- works! Even the new luxury It will take much patience linings. and educating tion of the price. the Vietnamese. It cannot be done without IS YOUR SIZE ON THIS CHART? the help and backing of people like you." SAY "the END" to $15 to S30 SHOES! Pre James L. Simpson, of Monsey. WE CARRY N.Y., and the 101st Airborne Di- THESE vision, sent a letter of protest of pro- SIZES! testers to the Journal News. Nyack, N.Y. It was put in the Record of Dec. 1 1 P/ease 2, 969 note: At the price we sell shoes, we are (page E 10628) by Rep. Martin Mc- not allowed to mention the, famous brand name Kneally. Part of Simpson's letter reads: of this new shoe material. Suffice it to say it looks like top 'I'm one of many soldiers in Vietnam grain leather, performs even doing my thing for the people over here better. Why pay higher ... I'm not having a groovy time. This is and higher prices? a Get slinking, rotten war and I hate it. [ wish in on this astounding I were back ... in Monsey. That's maybe low price. Send in now: what you want to hear. It is rotten and TWO rd like to be home, but I'm glad I'm here PAIRS FOR $15.95 to help these people who respect us more We will be proud than people at home (who) talk about a to send them to you for war (they) know nothing about. It's not ON APPROVAL (as) simple (as slogans or signs carried AT HOME INSPECTION Your by protestors). These people are sick of remittance refunded in full if you do war, too, but they are willing to so on SOONER not choose to wear them. fighting until See It Yourself! they are free of the Vietcone, OR LATER and I'm willing to help them. If you want Monk Use this Coupon YOU WILL BE WEARING to help, come over and give us a hand (or) Strap THE NEW PRICE shut up and let us do our job. (If) killing SHOES NEW PRICE SHOES is wrong, why are you killing something it Today's new man-made shoe Color & How What What took more than Style Many Size 100 years to build—our materials beat the price out Width American democracy? TWO PAIRS Stop it now, so we of leather, scoff at scuffs, Black Oxford may have a place of peace to come back keep better shape, and to when this FOR $15.95 Brown Oxford is over. It is really more quiet Ncper Need a Shine. Why over here where people are INCLUDING POSTAGE Black Loafer together. . . . spend even one dollar more War is hell, but peace without is HABAND honor for shoes.' Here's something COMPANY Black Wing Tip ." tragedy. . . NEW. Here's somethinc 265 N. 9 St. Dept. Al 10 PATERSON, Cordovan Wing Tip Rep. F. Edward Hebert placed in the PROVEN. N.J. 07508 O.K. Gentlemen, send Record of Feb. me Black Monk Strap 16, 1970 (page E 941) the two pairs of Shoes a long letter to an unnamed newspaper specified at right. My Brown Strap Loafer HABAND remittance of from Marine Lt. Darrell H. Richards, of $ PRICE is enclosed Special: 3 pr. 23.45 4pr.30.50 New Orleans, in which he said that the NEW 706-41 enemy was defeated militarily but was SHOES Name Over 1,000.000 pairs hanging on only because of its hopes of now walking around. street a pohtically arranged American pullout. The Haband Company City & ZIP Here are excerpts: State Paterson, CODE . New Jersey HABAND (Continued on page 50) COMPANY - Operating by U.S. Mail since 1925 MIMIBil ^ I ^ THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 49 .

SOME Gl LETTERS FROM VIETNAM complete fund ^ (Continued from page 49)

^^ in slaughter other beings. . . . services: "Here Vietnam (the communists') op- human Our raising pressive doctrine is being forced upon the publications, and the entire news media, bingo, raffles, and people. Thousands upon thousands of in- are laying the groundwork for the destruc- jar tickets nocent civilians, who are seeking freedom tion of America; they are brainwashing the in a democratic society, are being killed, people. . . . A revolutionary new all plastic tortured and wounded by the enemy. In "The enemy in Vietnam does not need bingo card makes it possible for your many cases their brutal acts are carried out to propagandize the American soldier. Our club to purchase lifetime bingo cards. only as a deterrence to the people's goals. own people tell us we should not be here, A one-time investment only! Send I, as most men over here, see these people that we are doing wrong. Many of the H coupon today for a complete fighting for their freedom, just as we did propaganda leaflets we find distributed by _ catalog and a free all plastic bingo when we were a striving nation. the VC and NVA are quotes from Ameri- cans. Much of the supplies find here in I card sample. "I detest those people back home who we ACE BINGO, Dept. 102 actively protest the war ... we have great the Central Highlands are made in the 951 Vallejo St., Denver, Colo. 80204 United States and sent over by groups such contempt for them . . . the enemy's hope is _ free direct dial: 1 800-525-1624 being nourished by the active protestors as the Black Panthers and SDS [Students in call collect: Colo, 825-7635 for a Deinocratic Society]. I know this is H and demonstrators. . . . Each day that the enemy has his one last hope to cling to. true because I have seen these items with more American blood is spilled upon the paper saying whom they were 'donated' to battlefield, and there are more aluminum and by whom. caskets and amputees. These protestors are "Our morale is high only because we killing us. Although their blows are in- direct, they are killing us just as much as kCITY, STATE. ZIP PLtASE PRrKT PIAINIY the bullets made in Russia and Red ." China. . .

EAT ANYTHING AKhnt State University student. WITH FALSE TEETH Miss Nancy Bonifield, of Ohio, sent Rep. Chalmers Wylie excerpts from Do your loose dentures slip or cause sore gums? BRIMM'S a message received some time after the PLASTI-LINER relines dentures Kent State rioting from her brother, snugly without powder, paste or "currently serving his second year in pads. Gives tight fit for months. YOU CAN EAT ANYTHING. Vietnam." Simply lay soft strip of PLASTI- Rep. Wylie placed it in the Record LINER on denture. Bite and it for Sept. 30, 1970 (page E 8748). molds perfectly. Easy to use, harm- Part of the brother's quoted statements less to dentures and gums. Money- follow: back guarantee from mfg. At all drug counters. "I will say that I am very much in agree- ment with what President Nixon is doing

and I am very displeased with the reaction WHITE'S is #1 CHOICE it is getting in the states. Those students may with over 25 models of Metol Detectors to select not realize it, but they are doing as much from' Detects SILVER GOLD— —COPPER harm to the American effort over here NUGGETS—COINS—RINGS— a^ (he VC or the NVA troops we are fight- JEWELRY, etc. GUARANTEED!! ing. I hc Communists now make very little propaganda of the war itself. They con- _from 99. SO up a centrate on antiwar movements in the states and they are very good at it. I heard about the riots at Kent on a communist radio broadcast from Hanoi before FREE LITERATURE Radio If it even got on the news over here. you ". WHITE'S ELECTRONICS, . . go straight ahead two dollars' INC. had no other source of information, you left 101 1 Pleasant Valley Rd., Rm.502, Sweet Home, Ore. 97386 worth, turn right and go 85 cents, would think the United States was in a a quarter's worth and you're there." state of turmoil and civil war itself. And this is the picture of America that the rest IRRIGATE-ORAIN-SPRflY-CIRCULATE. All-metal, the gets all because of a bunch of rust-proof, Type XB Stainless stiaft. Use ' a HP of world 60' or larger. 1 HP 1,200 GPH hiRli or 3,000 ignorant kids. I have no higher opinion of Till', \.Mi';iji( \\ I r-xiioN M \f: \/,iNK GPH 25' well. 5,200 GPH maj<. I'j" in; 1" out. the are fighting over * • them than people we elt or direct driue . ' $12.95 Type P won't rust or clog, bron/e brnR. here. If a few of them get killed that's too know that the protests are by a minority To 2,400 GPH. 1" in: 3.;" out $8.95 bad. But maybe the rest of them will open of our people. But why must they be given Postpaid cash with order their eyes and see what they are doing. If so much attention? Put their actions on the MONEY BACK GUARANTEE they could see only a fraction of what newspapers and magazines, LABAWCO. Box 21, Belle Mead, N. J. 08502 back page of some of the guys over here have seen. I don't spend 15 minutes of a 3()-minute news- ." don't think they would be rioting against cast glorifying their actions. . . what we are doing here. We can hardly Sgt. Winter Hess wrote a letter to his turn on a TV or radio or even pick up a parents in Lake Geneva, Wis., a por- newspaper without hearing of major riots tion of which was inserted in the Record and it is really beginning to be a drag on the morale of the guys over here. Some for July 20. 1970, by Rep. Henry C, of theiTi have even resorted to just not lis- Schadeberg. Excerpts read: tening to the radio or TV and not reading "Everyone is following the Cambodian newspapers." push. . . . We are all cheering Nixon and Army Specialist Fourth Class Michael the troops as well. It's the best thing that's J. Emeott had been in Vietnam and then ever been done over here. ... I can't be- Cambodia for 16 months when he wrote lieve that the country can't see and under- stand the tremendous significance of the to Sen. Robert P. Griffin ( Mich. ) a letter

Cambodia invasion. . . . God bless Nixon that was placed in the Record of July 2 1 t Toledo for having the sheer guts to do what he -y 1970 (page S 11812). Excerpts follow: ." eat r)usinfns. lliK pay. full-time .inliR— knows is right and stand by his beliefs. . . ii,\vE A profitable; market or "I'OUR own: Time payment plan avail- "Someone must convince the American Support for the Cambodian invasion ir.le. Diploma JTlvGn. .Job help. Thou- * surccssful Jjraduate.s. OUR 48th people that we are not a second rate power; V|;Ar: .SomJ now for big new illustrated seemed almost unanimous among ser- ^" that soldiers are not a band of mur- 1 Hi;]; i-italoK. -No obliKation. G.I. Api-oved. our NATIONAL SCHOOL OF IVIEAT CUTTING {Continiied on page 52) II. -ji \-ll -lolorlo. Ohio 43604 derers who go from village to village and

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • fi PRIL 1971 THIS DIAGEM IS NOT A DIAMOND! But You Can't Tell The Difference!

Imagine paying under $125 for a perfect

two-carat ring . . . under $1 25 for

fabulous one-carat earrings . . . $60 for a full carat tie-tac! Impossible?

Since diamond prices are so closely con- trolled by the international cartels, of course that likelihood is extremely remote, but now thanks to an incredible space-age break- through, you can do practically the same thing! calamity it might otherwise be. 3. Only an Now, for fraction a of what you would pay expert can tell them from the real thing for for a genuine diamond, you can purchase a sure. Don't Compare man-made jewel so perfect only an expert these Diagems with zircons, If you are wondering what kind of a gift to white can tell it from the real thing- for sure. saphires, paste or any get for that sp)ecial of the "synthe- occasion . . . why not a tic diamonds" you may have seen or Imagine! Magnificent man-made Diagems Diagem? If you have an anniversary coming heard or read about. Diagems are dif- so perfect that only up, what experts can tell them better way to go all out than with ferent! The product of years of re- apart positively search ... So beautiful that many a gift like this? If you're about to purchase and development, they are vir- jewelers — and even pawnbrokers — are an engagement ring, how much more sense tually identical to and indistinguishable from genuine diamonds fooled! So flawless that few genuine dia- to invest in a Diagem! You get a bigger in appearance . . . Same basic cubic molecular struc- monds can match their perfection . . . (and since diamonds and are judged by size), a ture, same light refractive indei for less far (2.4), than one twentieth the cost! more lovely and impressive ring for a same clarity and brilliance. fraction of what you would expect to pay, These magnificent jewels are called Dia- and the huge savings can go towards furn- gems. They are identical to diamonds in ishing the house or towards apf>earance. that new car. PAWNBROKERS BEWARE (TWO TRUE STORIES) Or, if you are simply trying to impress or win over a friend, what better way than this? When Diagems were first introduced, a man we l

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 51 — —

Save on Quality Tables . . . Buy At SOME Gl LETTERS FROM VIETNAM (Continued from page 50)

LOW,D RECT PRICES vicemen in Vietnam. This was strongly time, give the Vietnamese Army more time Churches, schools, put by 1st Lt. Robert Golden, of Phoe- to train and take over. clubs, lodges — "Everyone over here hawks, doves over 100,000 in nix, Ariz., an information officer at Tay — all — Ket more doesn't matter— is applauding the speech for their money, Ninh. In a letter to his father, read into ." and the decision. . . by orderinK direct the Record of May 27, 1970, by Sen. from Monroe! Find On Dec. 20, 1969, Rep. Don Clausen out how much Paul Fannin (Ariz.) (page S 7194), Lt. (Calif.) read the following into YOUR organization page can save, too, on Quality folding tables, Golden made it plain that he had always E 10973 of the Record without naming 30" X 96", as low as tables, chairs and been against U.S. troop participation other banquet the GI who wrote it. Clausen said the GI needs. Send to- "completely, totally wholly" $2395 and —be- was on his third tour of duty in Vietnam. day for FREE catalog! cause he saw it as a "disastrous involve- "My God, how can it be? ment." said, THE MONROE TABLE CO. But, he in 1970 the troops "That one boy lies rotting from malnu- 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa 50054 and the President had inherited the situa- trition and torture in a jungle prison camp in North Vietnam and another boy spits tion and had to deal with it as it was. and tramples on the flag of his country on Golden approved Nixon's goal of with- the steps of a university of learning. drawing 150.000 men within a year, "That one boy lies sightless in a U.S. MARTINS FLAGS but said the President "could justifiably naval hospital from communist-inflicted have changed his mind on that with the face wounds, and another boy uses a com- . DISPLAYS FOR munist flag to drape himself in defiance current situation being what it is." He * ORGANIZATIONS- of the laws of our country. TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS outlined the "situation" in part as fol- "That one man of medicine begins his Prompt shipment. Ask for our lows: thirteenth straight hour standing over an colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. 7IA "It isn't easy for most operating table in pursuit of life for a man MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE, IOWA 50501 Americans to understand the military/tactical situation serving his country, while another man

over here. I'm here and I understand it. The of medicine implores crowds of young men North Vietnamese (NVA) have been using to refuse to serve. Big opportunities. Big prof- the Cambodian border sanctuaries for years "That one Negro holds the face of his Its. Earn quickly. Full or TH! to train, store and stockpile. They have dead white buddy in his arms and cries part time. Learn at home. launched all of their offensives and attacks without shame in a rice paddy of mud, It's easy. Do real jobs; All Tools — Materials Sup- in and around Saigon and Tay Ninh from and another Negro screams hate against plied. Accredited member the Cambodian sanctuaries. his white brother on the streets of an Ameri- NHSC, Lie. State of NJ- "These enemy base areas are huge. They can city. Vet. Appd. Send name, ad- contain very sophisticated hospitals. Large "That one boy lies in a coffin beneath dress & Zip for FREE book. conference rooms. Thousands of tons of the ground because he believed in duty to Locksmlthlng liutltiits, DapL 1221-041, Little Falls, N.J. 07424 rice. Thousands of rockets and mortars and country, and another boy lies on a dingy weapons and ammunition. (These are the cot giving blood to the enemies of his coun- rockets and mortars that regularly hit Tay try. Ninh Base Camp and that have been re- "That one man of God shields a sponsible for many, many deaths and in- wounded boy from an enemy bayonet with juries around here through the years.) his own body and dies, while another man "They (NVA) have at least 3 (that's of God uses his cloth as a shield to preach right— 3!) full divisions of hard-core sol- hate, dissension and lawlessness. diers holed up in these sanctuaries along "That one man spends his life in uniform the border. None of these areas are more serving his country, while another spends

than two days' march to Tay Ninh! ! They his life on drugs or in crime, hate or bigotry. were getting ready for another spring- ." "My God. how can it be? . . offensive against Tay Ninh summer and William F. Mitchum. Jr., of Ft. Laud- probably .Saigon. We've known that for 1 Fla., from Vietnam weeks now. erdale, came home received help "The NVA have been resupplying their a casualty. Having some units, and training for a big offensive. They in his personal affairs from Rep. Paul G. have been stockpiling huge amounts of Rogers, he wrote him a letter of thanks. food and ammunition. If the otfensive were D Because of additional comments in his to come off, Nixon would never have been inserted it in the able to withdraw any more troops. That letter. Rep. Rogers would have definitely prolonged the war Record for Jan. 27, 1970 (page E 398).

for many months (at least for the Ameri- In part it reads: cans here). £ "... I feel that my humble effort to light ^lolhe "I believe Nixon was being quite' honest for our country and all free people has been •mm in his speech. We really aren't invading well spent. Cambodia, per se. We aren't going to stay march "I don't mind the limp I have in my walk is their there. Our aim to destroy vast quan- or the scars 1 carry on my body, not even tities of supplies and to destroy their huge D the hurt I have in my hack, because I'm base camps and headquarters. This Vietna- of proud to have served my coimtry when it mese-American blitz into Cambodia will needed me. If this is what it takes to keep slow down the NVA for many, many months . . . our country free, then I would gladly and is most definitely a significant turn- Dimes do it over and over again. ing point in this war, insofar as American c "I only regret I got wounded as soon as is involvement concerned. I did and can no longer serve in our armed "The large NVA forces are now being forces, but at least I can now be a good forced to scatter and run—back to North and active citizen and serve my coimtry ." "Vietnam or deeper into Cambodia. They in this way. . . have no more safe sanctuaries—no more A New Hampshire soldier, identified huge stockpiles of supplies—and no more only as "Swede," wrote from Vietnam new supplies coming in. They are hurting to the Manchester (N.H.) Union Leader and it will be a long, long time before they will be able to mount any kind of an offen- the letter quoted in part here. It was sive against anyone in South Vietnam. placed in full in the Record of Oct. 9 "That is what we want. And that is what 1969 (page E 8344) by Rep. Louis C. a we need. It will certainly give the U.S. Wyman. plenty of time to continue withdrawing THIS SPACE CONTRIBUTED BY THE PUBLISHER troops from here and will also, at the same (Continued on page 54)

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 ,

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 53 GI LETTERS FROM VIETNAM j SOME PERSONAL — (Continued from page 52)

"... I realize that U.S. citizens are tiring FEDERAL TAX TIPS. of this war and are tired of hearing about it. That is the price of a prolonged war

. . . which should have been won in its

FREE BOATING INSTRUCTION. early stages. . . . "We are now doing just what North Viet- MEDICAL RESEARCH NEWS. nam wants us to do. Crumble and crawl any way we can. Troop withdrawal will

strengthen the enemy's cause . . . Surely When you settle up your tax bill with Uncle Sam this month, remember; freedom is worth the price we have already • If you have a refund coming, the earlier you file, the earlier you will paid in lives lost ... I know my friends have died here wouldn't want to see get your money back. who the U.S. crawl away defeated. . . . • The exemption for a dependent is $625, up $25 from the old $600. "While we stopped operations, enemy • Even if you can't pay the tax, be sure to file. Don't get tagged with movements continued as usual . . . Poli-

evasion or willful failure to file, because these violations carry big penalties. tics ( may ) bring our great nation to the brink of a great defeat and the greatest -A- ." blunder in American history. . . family, to do any boating this season, If you, or members of your are going With far more letters in a similar it with safety. If you be sure you know enough about the sport to enjoy vein than can be quoted in part here, yourself, major organizations will give you free instruc- aren't sure of two let's close with excerpts from letters of tion: Sgt. Herbert Sharp, of Ohio, and Lt. This non-profit, 80,000-mem- UNITED STATES POWER SQUADRONS: James Tuck, of Virginia, both of whom ber outfit has a basic course in piloting and rules-of-the-road lasting ten were in the Cambodia push of last year. to 12 weeks, topped by an examination. Those who pass the test become Rep. W.C. Daniel inserted Tuck's let- eligible for membership but by invitation only. Combined local and na- — ter in the Record for May 18, 1970 tional dues come to less than $20, and members can take a variety of ad- (page E 4401). He extracted it from the vanced instruction, including such sophisticated subjects as celestial Record-Advertiser of Halifax, Va. navigation, weather, and marine electronics. Incidentally, you can find the "I am presently with the . . . 9th Divi- USPS instruction location nearest you by phoning, free of charge, 800-243- sion . . . about seven miles inside the Cam- 800-942-0655). 6000 (in Connecticut only, bodian border . . . We found many regi- COAST GUARD AUXILIARY: This group, established by an act of mental size base camps only a few hundred

. . . have Congress, has a one-lesson course in safety; a three-lesson course that goes meters across the border We fought the NVA in South Vietnam but into more detail, and a longer course of eight or nine lessons in basic sea- let them keep their sanctuaries and resupply Auxiliary members paying annual dues of manship. Coast Guard (31,000, points untouched in Cambodia . . . The around $10) engage in three basic activities: 1) boating education, 2) American people are so hard against this it is very hard for me to boating inspection, and 3) patrol work. If your craft passes CGA inspec- movement that understand. We could tight this war for ten tion, you get a special sticker—which should relieve you of further inspec- more years unless we break up these strong- tion by other authorities. holds . . . The move by President Nixon

* * was one to bring a quicker peace . . . My tour in Vietnam is almost over, but I would Better health for our citizenry continues to be a high-priority goal. like to say that I am proud I got a chance Here are some of the important areas in which the National Institutes of ." to serve my country. . . Health—the big federal agency in medical research—currently is trying to Senator Griffin, of Michigan, read make breakthroughs: part of Sgt. Sharp's letter out of a fea- Cancer—Evidence is piling up that cancer is caused by virus; that certain ture story by Robert Page in the Akron, agricultural and industrial materials (asbestos, arsenic) can touch it off, Ohio, Beacon Journal of May 19, 1970, in it three and that a wider range of drugs are effective treating (about inserting it in the Record of May 27, dozen such now are available). 1970 (page S 7921). Dental caries—Preliminary tests with a special plastic sealant, painted President Nixon's Cambodia decision over the chewing surfaces of children's teeth, show that the most common was, he said: is forms of tooth decay are prevented for over a year. Meantime, NIH ". have hap- . . the best thing that could

trying to come up with better dental cements and fillings. pened. I was so happy that I cried. Ninety- Hepatitis—Researchers are attempting to identify the virus that causes nine pet. of the Americans over here feel the same way. It is the first time since this this disease. If the villain can be detected, the next step would be to de- war started that we don't have to sit and velop vaccine. In the interim, newly-devised tests pretty accurately can a wait until the North Vietnamese (are) spot potential blood donors who are infected with hepatitis. ready to fight us on their own terms. Diseases of the eyes—NIH thinks it may be possible to create medicines "... I have never seen so many (of that will inhibit the growth of cataracts. the enemy) in my life. We saw thousands of them at a time in bunker complexes that Two old puzzlers—arthritis and diabetes—also are getting much atten- covered miles . . . just sitting there—an fields, research treatment, surgery tion. And in the heart and kidney on entire army in a country that was supposed and artificial organs continues to produce encouraging results. to be neutral, but they had the capability ... to walk into Tay Ninh and level it. They could have killed everyone here and A development you may want to bear in mind; pushed all the way to Saigon . . . You have MOBILE HOMES: The Veterans Administration has fixed the interest to understand this. (With) 40,000 U.S. troops in Ninh they could have killed rate on loans to finance the purchase of mobile homes at 10.759( • Eligible for Tay all. they were waiting for was the GI loans: Veterans of WW2 and Korea with at least 90 days of active us All rainy season . . . All of my friends that service; servicemen with at least 181 days of active duty after January 1955; have died would have died for nothing . . . veterans with less than minimum length of duty if discharged for a service- I want this thing ended now, before my connected disability; widows of deceased veterans. brothers and more of my friends have to It now if we By Edgar A. Grunwald come over here. can be done keep going. All we need is the support of ." the people at home. . , the end 54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 !

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Lucii.t.F J. GoonvFAR WHO'S HUED? Red Skelton's hair is purple and Lucy's face is green. And Jackie Gleasou's torso is getting long and lean. Ed Sullivan is smiling. Green Acres now are pink. I've coiTie to one conclusion: Mr T.r.'s On The Blink!

f;()\RAD ]. WaRO POLLUTIONADE Notice over a bottle rack at a soft-drink machine: "Test your I.Q. Put the little round empty bottle into the square hole.'' F. S. IVIlFi riAM RARE BREED We optimistic pessimists Are few between and far. We hope that things are not as bad As we know darn well they are. F. O. Wai.sh FASHION NOTE

'If I should pass on before you do, promise me one thing ..." Modern fashions look like they were all costume made. THE AMERICAN LEGION MACjAZl.NE RAV,\rO\D }. CVTKOPA SPECIAL CLASS A citizen wlio loosely leads HELP NEEDED AT HOME A life of low. unlawful deetis And smugly .scorns to switch his stvle The college boy wiote home to his iiioiher, "Mom, could you put an Belongeth to the rank and vile. extra ten bucks in your next envelope to me? I need the money to buy G. .Stfrljnc l,Fl^!^ a pair of Pep pants to wear at ouv Pep Rallv for the final football game. ." INVITING PROSPECTS They're supposed to put life iruo the party . . In her next letter to the boy the mother put two ten dollar bills and Girls who look good enough to eat are a note, "Buy an extra pair for your Dad and send them as quick as you canl" asked out to. WlI-FRFD BEA\ rR S. S. BlDDLF

DAY OF ENLIGHTENMENT

A man returned home from work one night to find his whole house in a dreadful mess. Astounded, he asked his wife: "What on earth happened?" "You're always wondering what I do all day,'' snapped his wife. "Well, now you know. I didn't do it today!" I)A\ Bennett

THEY KNEW WHAT THEY WERE DOING

An insurance man was endeavoring to write up a polics on a grizzled old farmer. "Ever been in an accident?" tlie agent asked. "No," said the farmer. The insurance inan stared at him lor a momeiii and tiien said. "You ." do seem to have some scars here and there. . . "Well," said the fanner, "every now and then some buil has taken out after me and I've got the worst of it now and then."

"Would you call that being in an accident? " the insurance agent chided.

"Nope."' bulls done it on jiurpose each declared the old farmer. "Them "No, I don't work for Xerox. and every lime. " Why do you ask?" H,\RC)LO HELIT.R THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • APRIL 1971 .

CANADIAN WHISKY-A BLEND • 80 PROOF • IMPORTED BY NATIONAL DISTILLERS PRODUCTS CO., NEW YORK

THE WINDSOR GUARDSMAN

From the Canadian \ Rockies

. comes a whisky with a lightness and smoothness you have never before

experienced: Windsor Canadian. It is the only whisky born high in the Canadian Rockies where nature brings together pure, crisp glacial

water. . . rich, robust Canadian grains invigorating mountain air. Taste the difference the Canadian Rockies make.

Taste Windsor Canadian . . . tonight.