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56 SWAMISHRI’S VICHARAN: Gondal, Rajkot, Bochasan, October-November 2009 1. Sharad Purnima Celebration – the birthday of Aksharbrahman Gunatitanand Swami. Swamishri blesses the assembly of 29,000 devotees in Gondal (4 October). 2. Swamishri performs the final Sharad Purnima Celebration arti (4 October, Gondal). 3. Swamishri presides over the hathdi of fruits and vegetables in the Prabhodini Ekadashi assembly (29 October, Rajkot). 4. Devotees during the evening Prabhodini Ekadashi assembly in Rajkot (29 October). 5. Swamishri performs pujan of the murtis for the new BAPS hari mandir in Maalod (13 October, Gondal). 6. Swamishri performs murti-pratishtha arti of the murtis for new hari mandirs in Amalsadi and Sarbhan (27 November, Bochasan). Photos by: Sadhu Yogicharandas and BAPS Youths January 2010, Vol. 33 No. 1 CONTENTS FIRST WORD
4 Swaminarayan History Every New Year we offer gifts and greet Uka Khachar’s Service each other with happiness and prosperity. Other An example to all... than money and riches, there several forms of 7 Guru Parampara – Shastriji Maharaj prosperity like contentment, freedom, generosity, Shastriji Maharaj: In the Eyes of... fearlessness, security, confidence, wisdom, trust Insights into Shastriji Maharaj’s personality... and faith in God. Though they are difficult to 18 Philosophy – Swaminarayan Vedant quantify and measure they lie at the root of the The Taittireeya Upanishad: The Testimony of a Complete human experience of eternal joy and peace. Education, Part 2 Bhagwan Swaminarayan blessed thousands of Vedic tradition of education... aspirants and devotees with both mundane and 23 Vicharan spiritual prosperity. The heart of his teachings and Pramukh Swami Maharaj’s Vicharan works lie in not only understanding the glory of God, 26 Inspiring Incidents but also in associating with the God-realized Sadhu. Living with Swamishri He referred to him as Akshar, Aksharbrahman or 29 BAPS News Ekantik Sant in many of his discourses. He sung 11th Annual Blood Donation Drive, the glory of Akshar as one to be served on par with Sydney, Australia him, that such a Sadhu sustains and maintains all Satsang Tour of UK, Europe & life, and by serving him equally as one does God Middle East by Dr Swami liberates the devotee of his base nature in this very Satsang Vicharan in Africa by Mahant Swami and Sadhus birth instead of 100 births. One many occasions Bhagwan Swaminarayan Website: www.swaminarayan.org extolled the glory of Akshar and revealed him E-mail: [email protected] to be Gunatitanand Swami. The philosophy of Akshar-Purushottam was given a tangible shape by Brahmaswarup Shastriji Maharaj. The saga of Shastriji Maharaj’s trials and tribulations shine out all the more because of his pure saintliness. His sterling character, faith, tolerance and the will Founder: HDH Pramukh Swami Maharaj, to do good to even those who opposed him lies at Editor: Sadhu Swayamprakashdas, Contributors: Sadhu Vivekjivandas, Sadhu Amrutvijaydas, the foundation of the BAPS organization that he Designer: Sadhu Shrijiswarupdas Published & Printed by: Swaminarayan Aksharpith, Shahibaug, established. His pristine saintliness touched the Ahmedabad–380 004. India. lives of all, even those who were antagonistic to SUBSCRIPTION RATES Outside India (By Air Mail) India him. Rupees Pounds US Dollars Rupees 1 Year 400 6 10 60 History is a priceless inheritance, and imbibing 2 Years 800 12 20 110 its fundamental principles and values blesses us 3 Years 1200 18 30 160 Website: www.swaminarayan.org, E-mail: [email protected] with a destiny of eternal joy.
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 3 SWAMINARAYAN HISTORY: TRANSLATION: SADHU VIVEKJIVANDAS Uka Khachar’s Service
Shri Hari waswwas staying at Dada Khachar’s darbar. As usual hehe discourseddisc under the shade of the neem tree.tre One morning a problem arose…
rereplied,eplie “To protect you all from Rudra Deva, the gogodod oof death. Wear it till I tell you to remove it.” SShrihri HHari gave a shalagrama (sacred black stone worshippedworsh as Bhagwan Vishnu) each to the fourfoour sadguruss . “Worship the shalagrama all your life,”life,” Maharaj instructed. The rest of the sadhus understoodundn er that bhakti or devotion lay in ritually worshippingworsh one’s God. To sustain this tradition, MaharajMaha had thus told the sadgurus to offer worship.worsh This would also inspire devotion in their disciples.disc One morning, Shri Hari finished his morningm puja rituals. He told his attendants toto arrange his seat beneath the neem tree in Dada’sDa darbar. The attendants informed that a dogdog had answered nature’s call there, and that afterf cleaning the area they would place his seat t was July 1820 (Ashadh, A.S. 1876). The and call him. first drops of rain heralded the monsoon The question was why had no one cleaned Iseason. Everyone had been waiting for the the faeces till then. Everyone till then had simply rains. Since several weeks many had been asking noted and cursed the dog for littering the place. Maharaj when they would have rains. But Shri But when Uka Khachar arrived to touch the Hari did not reply. One day, however, he revealed, sacred neem tree someone warned him, “Don’t “This year there was going to be a drought, but go any further. A dog has spoiled the ground.” because of your good merits (punya) the rains In response, Uka Khachar took the faeces in a will wet the earth.” metal sheet, disposed of them and cleaned the Shri Hari decided to spend the next four area. Then he went to have his bath again in the months (chaturmas) in Gadhada. He celebrated River Ghela to purify himself. After returning to the ekadashi of Ashadh (Dev Podhi Ekadashi), the darbar, he prostrated before the sacred neem, and gave special niyams to sadhus and devotees to touched it, did darshan of the murti of Vasudev- the observe in the next four months (chaturmas). Narayan and proceeded to the Akshar Ordi for Then at Maharaj’s behest the sadhus tied a bead Maharaj’s darshan. On seeing him Shri Hari each of rudraksha and tulsi around their neck. smiled gracefully, “Look, the owner of the house The sadhus questioned its purpose. Maharaj has arrived.”
4 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 The attendants asked Maharaj, “Why do you the sound of your voice.” Shri Hari smiled call him the owner?” Maharaj explained, “Everyone and acknowledged, “What you say is true. But simply avoided cleaning the dog’s faeces, whereas remember, the measure for Godliness does Uka Khachar cleaned it himself. This shows his not lie in knowing another’s name through sense of ownership. He did not wait for someone the power of all-knowership (antaryami). else to do it!” The reason is that a few may have this power Everyone understood Maharaj’s message and through my grace, or acquire it through the realized their folly. practice of yoga. So, one should not believe in Shri Hari asked Uka Khachar, “You have re- such a person to be God.” bathed and returned, but do have your own puja? “Maharaj, I had heard your voice in a jungle You should do it daily.” saying, ‘God has taken birth in human form. Go to Uka Khachar replied, “Yes Maharaj. I perform the village of Gadhada, which lies next to yours. puja every day. There, you will find God.’ That voice and yours “How many murtis (images) do you have in is the same. Thus, I am convinced that you had your puja?” asked Shri Hari. summoned me to you.” “500!” “Yes, Amba Sheth I had called you. I call those Shri Hari was amazed by his answer. He asked who are my devotees, wherever they be. You have further, “Do you know their names?” been my devotee from your previous life. But “Not all, Maharaj. But I know the main ones.” because of some lapse and weakness you have Maharaj asked him to say as many as he could been born again.” remember. “What weakness do I have, Maharaj?” Amba Uka Khachar replied, “I daily worship the Sheth asked, eager to make amends. images of Muktanand Swami, Gopalanand Swami, Shri Hari advised him, “Believing someone to Nityanand Swami, Brahmanand Swami and be God or a bona fide guru simply because of his others.” Shri Hari was pleased with his practice power of knowing or any other powers, then that of understanding everyone’s glory. Maharaj person will liberate you only up to the spiritual explained that by worshipping God alone it is level he has attained himself. But such a person known as puja, and by worshipping his devotees cannot liberate you fully and bless you with along with him it is called mahapuja. ultimate moksha. Since you desired for ultimate Shri Hari celebrated the Janmashtmi moksha I have called you.” celebration of 1820 in Gadhada. Amba Sheth appreciated the essence of Once, Shriji Maharaj was in Akshar Ordi his Maharaj’s words. But Shri Hari elaborated further, room. A parshad (attendant) informed, “Maharaj, “Our Hindu shastras have described the qualities a businessman (Sheth) from Gadhadi has arrived, of God’s incarnations and his supreme form. This and he wishes to have your darshan.” Maharaj enables devotees to understand the differences told him to bring him in. The Sheth came and between them and realize the supreme form of touched Maharaj’s feet. He sat on the ground God.” near him and began to look at him steadily. Amba Sheth was ignorant and naive in these Shri Hari retorted, “Amba Sheth, you will not matters. He candidly replied, “Maharaj, I do not understand me!” have such knowledge.” Shriji Maharaj reassured Sheth was struck with astonishment. He him, “That is why I reveal it myself, so that wondered how and when he came to know aspirants can realize the truth.” his name. He replied, “What you say is right. Amba Sheth was enthused on having Maharaj’s But I have come to know who you are through darshan and listening to his discourses. Thereafter
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 5 he felt a burning desire to serve and earn Shri Amba Sheth had prepared dudhpak and malpuda Hari’s divine grace. For the next few minutes instead of dal and rotla. Maharaj and all the Amba Sheth was absorbed in thought. sadhus took lunch, and pleased him. Amba Sheth Shri Hari asked, “What are you thinking?” was overwhelmed with joy. After lunch was over “Maharaj, I have recently completed building Shri Hari sat for a while. Sheth brought a vessel my new house. I wish to have it sanctified by full of sugar crystals for Maharaj to distribute you and offer a meal to all. I request you to them among everyone. come to Gadhadi tomorrow with your sadhus “But we have all just had lunch. Where is the and paramhansas!” Shri Hari smiled and tried to need to distribute sugar crystals?” restrain him, “Sheth, you are by nature inclined “Maharaj, people serve sugar crystals in towards bhakti. I hesitate in accepting your celebration of the birth of a boy in the house. invitation because you will spend too much on us. Today I have given you a new name and that is And remember that the times are not favourable why I want you to distribute sugar crystals in the for the present.” whole village.” “But Maharaj, for us your very presence will Shri Hari averred, “People know me by spell good tidings. I will arrange items of your the names of Swaminarayan, Sahajanand, choice for lunch.” Narayanmuni, Harikrishna Maharaj and Shriji “Prepare only dal and rotla.” Maharaj. What other name have you given Amba Sheth became happy with the prospect me?” of Maharaj’s arrival to Gadhadi. He then bowed at “Maharaj, it is difficult for us villagers to say Maharaj’s feet and left. your long names, so I have given you the name The next day Shri Hari arrived at Gadhadi of ‘Nyalkaran’. It signifies the fact that you with 300 sadhus. The village was small, with have made us happy and fulfilled. You release only a few houses, and the presence of so many us from the bondage of maya and bless us with sadhus brought joy to the villagers. Amba Sheth Akshardham. This is not an ordinary thing. So led Maharaj to his new home. Shri Hari praised first you have a few sugar crystals and then give the construction and blessed Amba Sheth. The the rest to others.” latter prayed, “Maharaj, by inviting you here Shri Hari personally ate a few crystals and I believe my entry into Akshardham has been gave the rest to everyone. guaranteed. This house of mine is made of That evening Maharaj left for Gadhada. A mortar and stone. It will crumble one day. Your devotee was waiting there with a letter from home visit today has laid the foundation of my Damodarbhai of Ahmedabad. Shri Hari called future in Akshardham.” Shri Hari was pleased the devotee to Akshar Ordi. After prostrating to at Amba Sheth’s understanding and reverence Maharaj he gave the letter to him. Shri Hari told for him. Shukhmuni Swami to read it. “Maharaj, come and sit down here for lunch,” (Contd. next issue) Amba Sheth requested. A large plate full of items From Gujarati text of was placed before Maharaj. Ther was no dal and Bhagwan Swaminarayan by H.T. Dave rotla. When Shri Hari enquired about them the host replied, “Maharaj, my wife forgot to add turmeric to the dal and the rotla have become a shade darker. And according to our tradition as Baniyas I have placed pickles, papad, chutney and other things in another plate.” The reality was that
6 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 GURU PARAMPARA – SHASTRIJI MAHARAJ: BAPS SADHUS, SARANGPUR Shastriji Maharaj: In the EyesEyes of…
From the most junior to the most veteran and experienced followers of the Sampradaya, Shastriji Maharaj touched the minds and hearts of all. He was scholarly, logical and convincing. Yet he was also humble, devout and helpful. On all he made a lasting impact that transformed them totally – their thoughts, talks and actions. The foundation of his charisma was his fi rm faith in the Akshar- Purushottam philosophy and humble devotion to Bhagwan Swaminarayan. To commemorate Shastriji Maharaj’s 145th birth anniversary on 20 January 2010, the following articles reveal how Shastriji Maharaj touched the lives of his contemporaries and describe how his saintly virtues and commitment to cause won their admiration and assistance…
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 7 Gordhanbhai Kothari Gordhanbhai Kothari (1824-1920), one of Vartal’s most influential administrators, set aside his philosophical differences with Shastriji Maharaj because he saw him as an ideal sadhu and the future of the Sampradaya.
speaker, an expert manager and brimming with saintly virtues, Shastriji Maharaj exemplified the Sampradaya’s ideals.
DISCOVERING SHASTRIJI MAHARAJ Shastriji Maharaj was a 17-year-old parshad, little more than a child, when Gordhanbhai Kothari discovered him. The two were in Vadodara and Shastriji Maharaj, known as Dungar Bhakta, had come to the kothari’s asan1 to collect his belongings. Dungar Bhakta caught the kothari’s attention, who noticed his confident stride and his eyes, which reflected a deep intelligence and enthusiasm. The kothari thought that he would make the perfect assistant. Dungar Bhakta, however, politely refused the prestigious offer. ordhanbhai Kothari was one of the most As years went by, Gordhanbhai learned Gpowerful men in the Vartal Sanstha. As that Shastriji Maharaj was much more than he Vartal mandir’s kothari, or chief administrator, appeared. He was talented, but more importantly, he held power over approximately 500 mandirs he was so firm in observing his vows of renunciation under Vartal’s jurisdiction. He served as kothari of women and wealth that nobody could cast a for more than 60 years, under five different finger of doubt upon him. Gordhanbhai had not acharyas. Every major decision, including ones seen such a pure sadhu throughout the decades he made by acharyas, required his approval. He was had spent as an administrator in Vartal. Shastriji incorruptible, celibate, and so highly respected Maharaj’s sadhuta so impressed him that he proudly that even sadhus prostrated to him. announced amidst crowded assemblies, “Amongst Shastriji Maharaj, on the other hand, was just the 2000 sadhus here in Vartal, I have not yet seen a newly initiated sadhu. He was more than 40 anyone who has renounced women and wealth as years younger than Gordhanbhai, and he had no completely as Shastri Yagnapurushdas.” official position in the Sampradaya. Moreover, he was a leading proponent of the very same Akshar- PROMOTING AND PROTECTING SWAMISHRI Purushottam upasana that Gordhanbhai had Gordhanbhai’s admiration for Shastriji Maharaj vowed to stop. grew into affection for him as he realized how Despite the differences, Shastriji Maharaj much he meant to the Sampradaya. had Gordhanbhai’s attention like no other sadhu Although the two initially disagreed with did. Gordhanbhai promoted and protected regards to Akshar-Purushottam upasana, Shastriji Maharaj, knowing that he was the Gordhanbhai appointed Shastriji Maharaj as Swaminarayan Sampradaya’s future. An eloquent 1. A place where a person stayed in a mandir, whether as part of a room, common dormitory or office block.
8 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 Mahant of the Sarangpur Hanuman mandir. murtis of Akshar-Purushottam to be consecrated Within months Shastriji Maharaj made vast so long as I lived,” Gordhanbhai revealed. improvements and additions to the mandir by Shastriji Maharaj quickly shot back, “And I purchasing new property and constructing new had vowed that Maharaj and Swami would be buildings. This led to a staggering tenfold increase consecrated specifically in your lifetime.” in the mandir income. Shastriji Maharaj ran the The Kothari became filled with rage and Sarangpur Mandir just as Gordhanbhai would ordered Shastriji Maharaj to leave his office. Yet, have liked, thus earning him the kothari’s approval Shastriji Maharaj’s confidence, charisma and his and praise. dedication to the truth had left the Kothari in awe. Along with promoting Shastriji Maharaj, Thus, not only did he call Shastriji Maharaj back Gordhanbhai also used his powers to protect to learn how he had succeeded, but he did not him. Shastriji Maharaj’s sadhuta and enlightening even have the slightest interest in punishing him. discourses drew countless devotees to him. When Shastriji Maharaj left Vartal that same Crowds gathered to hear him speak wherever he year, Gordhanbhai was heartbroken. Through a went. But his increasing popularity, as well as his stream of tears, he lamented that Vartal had lost insistence on spreading the Akshar-Purushottam its crown jewel. upasana, earned him the wrath of many fellow sadhus. Amidst this opposition and despite his ENSURING THE SAMPRADAYA’S FUTURE own failing health, Gordhanbhai did his best to After Shastriji Maharaj had left Vartal, protect Shastriji Maharaj. Gordhanbhai continued to support him because Acharya Viharilalji Maharaj passed away in amidst the old Sampradaya’s growing shadows, 1899. Thereafter, Gordhanbhai called Shastriji he saw Shastriji Maharaj as a beacon of hope. Maharaj and said, “You know very well that I Shastriji Maharaj had left Vartal by his own will, love you. Acharya Viharilalji Maharaj had great but opponents had later tried to excommunicate affection for you as well. And so, when someone him. Gordhanbhai, however, had never signed would complain about you to him, he would say, their excommunication order. The order was ‘He listens to the Kothari. Take your complaint worthless without his signature. Manchharambhai, there.’ And when the complaint would come to a respected judge and devotee, once came to me, I would say, ‘He listens to the Acharya, so take Gordhanbhai to convince him to sign the order. your complaint there.’ In this way, we would turn He began prostrating to him. About 90 years old away each complaint that was lodged against at the time, Gordhanbhai had gone blind, and was you.” physically weak. But when he was informed that Gordhanbhai’s protection continued even when Manchharam had come, he sternly said, “I know Shastriji Maharaj went against him by helping the why you are here. No matter how many dandvats sadhus who were building a mandir in Vadhvan. you do, I won’t sign.” Gordhanbhai vehemently opposed the new mandir Gordhanbhai inspired others to protect because it was being built in rebellion towards the Shastriji Maharaj as well, fully knowing that he Ahmedabad Acharya and because it was to contain would soon be no more. Hira Mukhi, a notorious the Akshar-Purushottam murtis. When Shastriji bandit from Bochasan whom Shastriji Maharaj Maharaj brought him news that the mandir had had inspired to give up his immoral ways, once at last been inaugurated, Gordhanbhai was visibly met the Kothari in Vartal. upset. He shut his eyes and cast his withered face “Hirabhai, what will you do for downward, losing himself in thought. Yagnapurushdas?” the Kothari asked. “I had sworn to myself to never allow the “He is in my village, and so I will help him
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 9 build a mandir there,” Hirabhai responded. transcended their philosophical differences. “Do you give me your word?” Gordhanbhai Shastriji Maharaj was an ideal sadhu of the likes eagerly asked. Gordhanbhai had never seen. Thus, Gordhanbhai “Yes, I give you my word,” Hirabhai promised. saw immense potential for the Sampradaya’s At last, Gordhanbhai felt he could retire future under Shastriji Maharaj’s leadership. peacefully to Akshardham. He was confident that Gordhanbhai’s foresight turned out to be his work was done, and that Shastriji Maharaj remarkably true. The young boy he once knew would be safe. In the end, Gordhanbhai’s love for as Dungar Bhakta – the sadhu he once knew as Shastriji Maharaj allowed him to see the truth of Yagnapurushdas – built five majestic mandirs the Akshar-Purushottam upasana. and established a Sanstha that has spread the Because he was a man of principle and Swaminarayan Sampradaya the world over. character, Gordhanbhai’s love for Shastriji Maharaj Jaga Swami A stalwart of the Akshar-Purushottam philosophy, Jaga Swami endured many restrictions until Shastriji Maharaj boldly removed all barriers. to fruition. Hope had given meaning to his life. Shastriji Maharaj had become the embodiment of his hope by bearing the Akshar-Purushottam baton. Jaga Bhakta’s purpose was revealed several times throughout his life. Before he was born, Gopalanand Swami foretold that Amarbhai’s son would liberate thousands from this world. Once, as a child, when Jaga Bhakta went to the river to bathe, Shriji Maharaj appeared before him and revealed, “I want you to guide others to attain moksha.” Jaga Bhakta also acknowledged his own purpose as spreading the Akshar-Purushottam upasana. Once, when it was decreed that no one should meet Jaga Bhakta and that he would be isolated from the rest of Junagadh Mandir, Jaga Bhakta grieved, “If I’m e lay in bed staring at the ceiling with not allowed to discourse or meet devotees, then Ha glow typical of those whose journey what is the point of living. Let Maharaj take me to had come to a meaningful end. At a distance, a dham.” For Jaga Bhakta, emergence of the Akshar- decaying flame cast unrecognizable shadows Purushottam upasana and ensuring its future was on the wall. There was no passion, purpose, or his life’s purpose. Jaga Bhakta was born to carry even pattern behind their graceful, yet fleeting the Akshar-Purushottam baton. dance. They simply lived and died, leaving no However, with this responsibility came trace of their existence. As he watched them, an urgency, moments of strife, contention, and fear appreciative smile crept across his face. He was that the upasana would not persist. At times, grateful. His life would not be a shadow for he these moments left him heartbroken. Others not only had a purpose, but also had seen it come before him unsuccessfully tried to preserve the
10 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 faith. Sadguru Balmukund Swami attempted to of a text like the Satsangijivan that explained the consecrate Akshar-Purushottam murtis, but failed greatness of Akshar and Purushottam. Acharya when Gordhanbhai Kothari from Vartal thwarted Maharaj responsed saying that he knew Shriji his attempt. Narayandas Swami also met a Maharaj would fulfil Jaga Bhagat’s blessings, but similar fate when he sought permission to build he was powerless to fulfil Jaga Bhakta’s wish so a shikharbaddha mandir at the Akshar Deri in long as Gordhanbhai, the Kothari of Vartal, and Gondal. The building of a mandir and consecration Bhimjibhai, the Kothari of Gadhada, were alive. of Akshar-Purushottam murtis were the means Shastriji Maharaj later describes Jaga Bhakta’s to ensure that the faith would persist. However, reaction as equivalent to having been shot. His this dream was beginning to fade. Jaga Bhakta hopes were hurdled with disappointments. was fighting a losing battle. Even conveying the However, in his moments of strife, Shastriji Akshar-Purushottam faith through discourses was Maharaj brought back every bit of lost hope. becoming an increasingly unrealistic proposition. When Jaga Bhakta was isolated, Shastriji Maharaj Jaga Bhakta was falsely accused of promoting travelled over one hundred kilometres from Rajkot unrighteousness and having disregard for to Junagadh to clarify the misunderstandings tradition because he, despite being a parshad, was spread by Jaga Bhakta’s opponents. Even though discoursing to sadhus. Those who were envious of no one was permitted to meet Jaga Bhakta, the reverence Jaga Bhakta was receiving, pushed Shastriji Maharaj fearlessly strode into his room through a petition forcing his isolation, and as a announcing to those challenging his defiance, result, Jaga Bhakta was banned from discoursing “The prohibition does not apply to me.” His on the Akshar-Purushottam upasana. fearlessness melted to humility as he approached Jaga Bhakta was devastated. Hope for keeping Jaga Bhakta. After offering his dandvat pranams, the Akshar-Purushottam upasana alive through he comforted Jaga Bhakta, “Your isolation ends discourses was vanishing. How would he be able today. Don’t worry, I will talk to Jibhai and to explain Shriji Maharaj and Swami’s greatness to clarify his misunderstanding.” Jaga Bhakta was people when they were afraid to even be seen with beaming; Shastriji Maharaj had given him life, him? Katha was his life, his strand of hope, and since he would now be able to continue to spread without it he had nothing to live for. He explained the Akshar-Purushottam upasana. later in his life that a prolonged isolation would When Acharya Maharaj declined Jaga Bhakta’s have prevented many from attaining moksha. request to consecrate Akshar-Purushottam murtis, Soon after, however, Bhagatji Maharaj was given Shastriji Maharaj relit his hope. Jaga Bhakta had an honourable reception at Junagadh during the placed hope in the Acharya because the Acharya Janmashtmi festival in 1897 (V.S. 1953). Acharya had faith in the Akshar-Purushottam upasana. But Maharaj and Jibhai Kothari both acknowledged those who seemed capable, proved to be unable to Bhagatji Maharaj’s greatness. Since Bhagatji do so. The Acharya’s refusal was a staggering blow Maharaj, who had up until then been criticized to Jaga Bhakta. He turned to Shastriji Maharaj, for spreading the Akshar-Purushottam upasana, who was standing next to him and appealed, was now being honoured, the faith had gained “Wouldn’t you do it?” new hope for survival. This event rekindled Jaga Taken aback, he replied, “Do what?” Bhakta’s hope. He saw it as an opportunity to fulfil “Install the Akshar-Purushottam murtis in a his dream and sent a message to Acharya Viharilalji shikharbaddha mandir.” Mahraj saying that he would bless him with two His request was not baseless. Ten years before, great sons if the Acharya consecrated Akshar- Shastriji Maharaj had expressed his eagerness Purushottam murtis and supported the writing to Jaga Bhakta. In 1887 (V.S. 1943), during the
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 11 Ram Navami celebration in Vartal, when Shastriji have to justify his need, tolerate insults, and wait Maharaj first met Jaga Bhakta, Vignandas Swami quietly until finally, a postcard was thrown at him. revealed Jaga Bhakta’s greatness, “He has pleased Constructing a shiksharbaddha mandir under Gunatitanand Swami and lives according to these circumstances seemed unrealistic. However, Swami’s wishes.” Shastriji Maharaj correctly Jaga Bhakta urged, “I will fulfil whatever you ask inferred that Jaga Bhakta would support his for this purpose, therefore, resolve to do this.” efforts for spreading the Akshar-Purushottam Shastriji Maharaj stood with folded hands and upasana. In acknowledgement of their shared accepted his request. Jaga Bhakta’s eyes welled with purpose Shastriji Maharaj prepared and presented tears of fulfilment knowing that Shastriji Maharaj a dish of jadarya ladoos. He had topped the pile of would carry the baton. Shastriji Maharaj had given ladoos with a small replica of a mandir’s shikhar, Jaga Bhakta’s life meaning by giving him hope. a symbolic gesture representing his eagerness During his last moments he expressed his to spread the Akshar-Purushottam upasana by contentment to Shastriji Maharaj when he constructing mandirs. revealed, “My work here is complete. Now, Maharaj Although Shastriji Maharaj was prepared and Swami will help you in your task.” These few to accept the responsibility, he expressed his words explained the happiness he experienced in reservations. He explained that even when he his last few moments – the happiness of having asked for a postcard from the kothar he would lived a content, meaningful life. Acharya Viharilalji Maharaj Shastriji Maharaj filled a gaping hole in the Acharya’s life. to personally groom, who would champion the truth? The answer to his problem was a small boy just down the road. In 1880 (Samvat 1936), Viharilalji Maharaj visited Mahelav, just three kilometres from Vartal. During his stay, many devotees served the Acharya, but his eyes fell especially on the 15- year-old Dungar, whose radiant personality and dexterity in seva impressed him. Dungar desired to become a sadhu and repeatedly left home for Vartal despite resistance from his father. Remembering Dungar from his visit to Mahelav, the Acharya welcomed Dungar, yet to appease his father the Acharya often had to reproach Dungar for leaving home without permission. The Acharya, however, was sure ike his grandfather, Acharya Raghuvirji that Dungar would continue with his efforts to LMaharaj, Acharya Viharilalji Maharaj renounce home. knew that the Akshar-Purushottam philosophy Once, the Acharya instructed him to display was Maharaj’s established principle. Although he his skill in turning the mala – something he had enjoyed great success as an acharya, his success learned from his guru, Vignananand Swami, in was marred by the lack of a son. With no heir Surat. Dungar’s divine manner captivated the
12 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 Acharya, who in turn instructed those who were Maharaj and got his first exposure to the Akshar- already sadhus to learn to turn the mala the same Purushottam upasana. From then on, spreading this way this youngster did. Each encounter increased knowledge became his mission. Yagnapurushdas’ the Acharya’s desire to prevent Dungar from sharp intellect and oratory prowess brought him becoming a sadhu and keep him as a personal great attention. Even while studying he was aide. Envisioning this, he even asked Dungar, often called upon to defend the Sampradaya in “Why don’t you become a parshad and assist me philosophical debates with other scholars, often in administration?” overwhelming opposing intellectuals. The Acharya made numerous attempts at The Acharya took notice of his achievements. convincing Dungar to join him, but Dungar’s It was after Yagnapurushdas had defeated the desire to become a sadhu was firm. When Dungar great scholar Mahidhar Shastri that the Acharya earned his father’s consent to become a sadhu, thought of nurturing Yagnapurushdas in higher he rushed to Vadodara where both the Acharya studies so that he would be of immense benefit and Vignananand Swami were in attendance for and great service to the Sampradaya. The Acharya a festival. The Acharya was happy to see him, but took greater interest in his education. He confided not wanting to deal with Dungar’s father again, in Bhagatji Maharaj that, “Yagnapurushdas’s commanded him to return home. Realizing education is essential to the advancement of Vignananand Swami’s wish to make Dungar a the Sampradaya.” Years later, a devotee named sadhu, Gordhandas Kothari eventually pressured Ullasram Pandya reminisced in a letter written to the Acharya to allow him to stay, and to consider devotees in Africa that Viharilalji Maharaj “often him as a candidate for receiving initiation. The denied permission and financial support to many Acharya was still holding on to his agenda for sadhus who wished to study, yet never hesitated Dungar. So, he stipulated that Dunger would in paying for any of Yagnapurushdas’s fees”. And first have to join the fundraising efforts in the to prevent disruptions in his study of the Shri villages of Vadodara. Dungar obediently followed Bhashya, the Acharya denied devotees’ requests these instructions and was not dissuaded by the for Yagnapurushdas to hold discourses in Nadiad. Acharya’s attempts to delay his initiation. He was Though he had lost Dungar as an assistant, eventually reunited with Vignananand Swami Viharilalji Maharaj realized this young sadhu’s in Surat where he commenced his Sanskrit crucial role in the Swaminarayan Sampradaya as studies. A year after Dungar had left home, the torchbearer of knowledge and took every step Vignananand Swami requested the Acharya possible to ensure his progress. to give Dungar initiation. Using a technicality, Unfortunately, his support was not Viharilalji Maharaj made a final attempt at uncontested. Jealous sadhus were spiteful of the keeping Dungar by stating that Dungar had not Acharya’s favour of Yagnapurushdas. Devotees completed his one-year probationary period. from every corner of Gujarat yearned to hear His unwarranted refusal caused Gordhanbhai Yagnapurushdas’s discourses, another fact these Kothari and a few senior sadhus to intervene sadhus found intolerable. Bhimji Kothari, an on Vignananand Swami’s behalf. Respecting opponent of the Akshar-Purushottam philosophy, Gordhanbhai’s and Vignananand Swami seniority, caused unrest by instigating complaints to the the Acharya reluctantly agreed to initiate Dungar Acharya. Sadhus from Junagadh sent the Acharya into the sadhu-fold and named him Sadhu a letter threatening to shut down the kitchens Yagnapurushdas. and kothars of the mandir if he did not put an During his training with Vignananand Swami, end to Yagnapurushdas’s education in Rajkot. To Yagnapurushdas was introduced to Bhagatji maintain order within the Sampradaya, Viharilalji
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 13 Maharaj succumbed to the pressure and suspended festival. The Acharya wrote a letter, which was Yagnapurushdas’s education. read out loud in the public assembly. The Acharya Despite the uproar, Viharilalji Maharaj never may have had to postpone Yagnapurushdas’ lost confidence in Yagnapurushdas. In response studies, but under his protective eye, he allowed to the Rajkot incident, he told Yagnapurushdas to him to continue his mission. accompany him to various villages around Gujarat. Even though he did not live to see the height of In Umreth, Viharilalji Maharaj sat Yagnapurushdas Yagnapurushdas’s achievements, over the twenty on the stage and encouraged him to speak years they were in contact, Yagnpurushdas eased freely about Maharaj’s supremacy and Akshar- the Acharya’s worries about his legacy for the Purushottam upasana. The same arrangements Sampradaya and earned his faith. When put in were made in Khambhat and Bhavnagar. perspective, perhaps not having a son of his own Acharya regularly fulfilled Yagnapurushdas’s allowed Viharilalji Maharaj to focus his attention on requests. Despite opposition, he invited Bhagatji nurturing Yagnapurushdas. The Acharya’s adopted Maharaj to Gadhada for the Jal-jhilani festival since son had full faith in the Akshar-Purushottam it was the wish of Yagnapurushdas. For Bhagatji doctrine. Thus, the Acharya could rest knowing Maharaj’s grand reception in Junagadh, Viharilalji that Yagnapurushdas, who had captivated him Maharaj acknowledged Yagnapurushdas’s request even as a young boy, would be the true heir and to warn adversaries against plotting to ruin the guardian of Maharaj’s eternal wisdom. Nirgundas Swami Nirgundas Swami surrendered his genius, personality and standing at the feet of Shastriji Maharaj, who he humbly served until his last breath.
pradakshina. There, he was astounded to see that Shastriji Maharaj was still talking to the devotee he had been with since 4:00 p.m. the previous day. Shastriji Maharaj had stayed up all night, explaining to this devotee the glory of Akshar- Purushottam and Bhagatji Maharaj. The devotee was Jethabhai, a bright young engineering student at Vadodara’s Kalabhuvan University. In 1894, Jethabhai had met Bhagatji Maharaj and to honour Bhagatji’s wish, he later became a parshad and served under Acharya Viharilalji Maharaj, eventually becoming the Kothari of Mumbai mandir. Jethabhai held a lot of influence in the Sampradaya because he was an expert administrator who was highly educated. In fact, he t was 4:00 a.m. A peaceful darkness had was one of the Sampradaya’s few English speakers Iengulfed Vadodara mandir. But as the at the time. Moreover, he had an uncompromising pujari made his way to wake up Thakorji, he personality. heard faint sounds coming from the mandir’s But Jethabhai soon learned that Shastriji
14 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 Maharaj was so much more than him in every way. wandered into the mandir. Not only was Shastriji Maharaj talented, but he “Why did you say no to me when you gave was an ideal sadhu and the only person who could them to that sannyasi?” Nirgun Swami asked. grant him moksha. The two were relative equals “He has no one to look out for him, where as in terms of age and status in the Sampradaya, yet you do,” Shastriji Maharaj explained. Jethabhai was inspired to set aside his genius, The clothes had come to the mandir through personality and standing for Shastriji Maharaj, in Nirgundas Swami’s efforts, yet Shastriji Maharaj whose presence he felt forever humbled. refused to give them to him. Nirgun Swami, After Bhagatji Maharaj passed away, Jethabhai however, saw no fault in Shastriji Maharaj and accepted Shastriji Maharaj as his guru. Jethabhai honoured his wish. often described the relationship he had developed In a letter to Nanda Saheb, on 28 July 1949, with Shastriji Maharaj by this time. Referring to Nirgundas Swami proclaims, “Shastriji Maharaj his own resolute nature, he writes, “No one had was never influenced by anyone and was able to the guts to tell me to wear saffron [to become control such free-willed people as me.” a sadhu]. But Shastriji Maharaj did. He told me In his later years, Nirgundas Swami once asked that my knowledge and working skills would the Sarangpur Mandir kothari to install a urinal shine more in saffron than in white. These words near his room for convenience. When Shastriji touched me and I became a sadhu.” Maharaj found out, he vetoed Nirgundas Swami’s In 1907, about six months after Shastriji request. Nirgundas Swami tried to reason with Maharaj left Vartal, Jethabhai was initiated as a him, but Shastriji Maharaj replied, “Whatever the sadhu and given the name, Nirgundas Swami. case is, we are not going to make one.” Shastriji Maharaj had convinced him, with little Shastriji Maharaj denied Nirgundas Swami’s more than a hint, to sacrifice personal ambition request, but again, Nirgundas Swami did not say for a greater cause. a word and instead, he simply bowed to Shastriji After joining Shastriji Maharaj in Bochasan, Maharaj’s wish. Nirgundas Swami poured his soul into spreading Nirgundas Swami accepted Shastriji Maharaj’s the Akshar-Purushottam upasana and Shastriji decision. But he also enjoyed a special working Maharaj’s glory. He underwent extraordinary relationship with Shastriji Maharaj. When hardships for Satsang, travelling to villages to decisions regarding the Sanstha were being made, meet devotees, discoursing and writing letters they would often have differences of opinion. that sometimes were over a hundred pages long. This did not reflect internal conflict, but, rather, Shastriji Maharaj often credited him with almost their love for the Sanstha and a desire to arrive 90 percent of our Satsang’s growth. at the best possible solution. Eventually, their Despite this praise, Nirgundas Swami remained discussions would always end with Nirgundas Shastriji Maharaj’s humble servant, forever seeing Swami following Shastriji Maharaj’s wish. him as divine no matter what tests he put him In 1936, the trustees of Vartal filed a case through. against BAPS. After three years of court hearings A passionate speaker, Nirgun Swami often the judgement went against BAPS. Sometime did parayans. As is tradition, devotees gifted him thereafter, Shastriji Maharaj was in Bhavnagar at with dhotis at the conclusion of his parayans. He the home of a devotee named Chimanbhai. There, would redirect these gifts to Shastriji Maharaj. Nirgundas Swami suggested to Shastriji Maharaj Once, when Nirgundas Swami really needed new that they should file an appeal. Shastriji Maharaj dhotis, Shastriji Maharaj refused to give him a told Nirgun Swami that he would consider it with pair and instead gave them to a sannyasi who had Maganbhai, the Sanstha’s secretary.
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 15 “What does Magan know?” Nirgundas Swami Often it seemed as though Shastriji Maharaj heatedly replied. “There is no need to ask him. It disregarded Nirgundas Swami. In reality, he had is due to him that we lost the case!” great affection for him and an overwhelming But Shastriji Maharaj calmly told him that appreciation for his contributions to the Sanstha. if he did not like his decision, he was free to On 13 September 1943, he wrote in a letter to leave. Nirgundas Swami took up the offer. But Nirgundas Swami, “When I am away from you, a devotee named Jayantibhai urged him to at I think of you constantly, because you and Yogiji least take lunch before going. Nirgundas Swami Maharaj rank first as leaders of the Gunatit complied. He then went upstairs and began the mandal. And you look after everyone through morning discourse. Anyone who had witnessed your letters and through the physical hardships his exchange with Shastriji Maharaj, however, you undergo. Shriji-Swami and Bhagatji Maharaj would have been astonished to hear his katha. will be very pleased upon you.” In it, he freely described Shastriji Maharaj’s glory Nirgundas Swami was just one of the many and greatness like never before, as if the earlier powerful and talented administrators who left argument had never happened. Vartal to dedicate their lives to Shastriji Maharaj. He always saw his interactions with Shastriji He was one of the many who saw that Shastriji Maharaj as being sacred events in his life. In a Maharaj was ideal in every way, and that he alone letter to a devotee named Harshadbhai Dave, he held the power to grant. What was special about once wrote, “All of these incidents are divine, and Nirgundas Swami was that he held this regard for by recalling them, sins are burnt to ash. Everyone someone who was like his best friend. can see that there is no end to Shastriji Maharaj’s supremacy and greatness.” Narayanswarupdasji Narayanswarupdasji, later known as Pramukh Swami Maharaj, saw Shastriji Maharaj as his mother, father and more.
hastriji Maharaj gave Swamishri this Sexperience of being ‘all-in-one’ – a mother, father, and so much more. Shastriji Maharaj was his everything. For Swamishri, Shastriji Maharaj epitomized the famous shloka: ˆß×ðß ×æÌæ ¿ çÂÌæ ˆß×ðß ˆß×ðß Õ‹Ïép â¹æ ˆß×ðßÐ ˆß×ðß çßlæ ¼ýçß‡æ¢ ˆß×ðß ˆß×ðß âßZ ×× Îðß Îðß H Tvameva mãtã cha pitã tvameva tvameva bandhuscha sakhã tvamevaÐ Tvameva vidya dravinam tvameva tvameva sarvam mama deva devaH God! You are my true mother, father and friend. You are my true knowledge and wealth. You alone are my everything.
16 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 TVAMEVA MATA… Instead of discussing it, Shastriji Maharaj set A mother nurtures a child and gives him the the issue aside. Later, he told Narayanswarupdasji strength to face upcoming challenges. to read the 86th chapter of the Bhaktachintamani, Thousands of devotees would gather for which details how even the great devas festivals during Shastriji Maharaj’s time. Many of follow God’s commands. Narayanswarupdasji them would stay the night, but mattresses were understood Shastriji Maharaj’s message and told scarce. Swamishri, then known as Shantilal, his guru he would make the bridge twenty-four would often come late from seva, when all the feet wide. Through incidents like this, Shastriji mattresses had been taken. When he found out, Maharaj instilled values and gave Swamishri Shastriji Maharaj began keeping an extra mattress vision. under his bed for Shantilal, waiting for him to A father encourages his son to leave mistakes return. When he arrived, Shastriji Maharaj would in the past and move ahead. awake and give it to him. Shastriji Maharaj had Shastriji Maharaj was once in Sarangpur. begun taking care of him even before Swamishri Narayanswarupdasji, who was in his service, became a sadhu. gave him medicine to help digestion. Afterwards, In 1939, Shastriji Maharaj was at Amli Vali everyone realized that there had been a mix-up. Pol in Ahmedabad. One evening, he heard that The medicine he gave was a topical preparation Shantilal had a fever and immediately found him for arthritis, and if consumed, it was poisonous. upstairs. There, he sat next to him and lovingly Narayanswarupdasji cried in a corner, horrified pressed his aching body, saying that Maharaj at the potential consequences. Shastriji Maharaj would cure him shortly. The following morning, was discoursing in the assembly when he Shantilal’s fever disappeared and Shastriji Maharaj heard that Narayanswarupdasji was crying. initiated him into the parshad-fold, renaming him He immediately stopped speaking and went Shanti Bhagat. over to assure him that he would be alright. Shastriji Maharaj fed Swamishri as well. Shastriji Maharaj’s reassurance relieved Swamishri has always had a small appetite. Narayanswarupdasji while his unconditional But when he first became a sadhu, Shastriji forgiveness comforted him. Maharaj would insistingly feed him and set During vicharan, Shastriji Maharaj would teach aside sweets for him whenever possible. Initially, Narayanswarupdasji how to manage the Sanstha’s Narayanswarupdasji would refuse, but eventually, affairs. When he assigned him the task of keeping Shastriji Maharaj’s persistent love would conquer accounts, Narayanswarupdasji accepted the Swamishri’s refusals. responsibility. Once, he made a small error and grew concerned, feeling he had made a terrible TVAMEVA PITA… mistake. He came to Shastriji Maharaj and said, “I A father holds his child’s hand and guides cannot handle these transactions. Please relieve him. me of my responsibility. This is God’s money. When the Sarangpur mandir gate was being There is no room for error.” But Shastriji Maharaj built, Shastriji Maharaj had decided to make the consoled him and said he would learn over time. bridge leading to the gate twenty-four feet wide. Six months later, Shastriji Maharaj made him But Narayanswarupdasji, who was Kothari of Kothari of the Sarangpur Mandir. the Sarangpur Mandir, felt that for a village this Shastriji Maharaj envisioned Narayan- small, a sixteen-foot wide bridge would suffice. swarupdasji’s future and moulded him so that he So he went to Altadra to get Shastriji Maharaj’s could attain it, as a father does his son. approval. (contd. on p. 22)
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 17 PHILOSOPHY – SWAMINARAYAN VEDANT: GUJARATI TEXT: SADHU BHADRESHDAS; TRANSLATION: SADHU PARAMVIVEKDAS
The Taittireeya Upanishad The Testimony of a Complete Education Part 2 a student lives in an ashram. For a number of years, the students learn from teachers experienced in various subjects and attain proficiency in a variety of fields. When their education is over, a convocation ceremony is held. The teacher himself ceremoniously announces the degrees of the students. This convocation ceremony is the students’ final class. From that day on, these profound young men will leave the ashram and take their first steps in society for the good of all. They will THE GLORY OF EDUCATION start a new life. Therefore, the teacher fondly Where there is education, there is progress gives them his last words of advice. These precepts and upliftment. Where there is no education, are themselves the convocation ceremony. They there is no progress; there is degradation, and encompass the essence of all education. Let us society has to confront misery. That is why, since see what this uplifting convocation ceremony Vedic times, we have been continually inspired contains. to study. This is evident in this Upanishad. The ÒßðÎ×Ùê‘Øæ¿æØôüù‹ÌðßæçâÙ×ÙéàææçSÌÓ – ‘Vedamanooc words of the mantra are: Ò«¤Ì¢ ¿ SßæŠØæØÂýß¿Ùð ¿Ð hyãchãryo’ntevãsinamanushãsti’ – ‘The teacher âˆØ¢ ¿ SßæŠØæØÂýß¿Ùð ¿Ð ÌÂp SßæŠØæØÂýß¿Ùð ¿Ð Î×p instructs the students who have completed their SßæŠØæØÂýß¿Ùð ¿ÐÓ – ‘ Rutam cha svãdhyãyapravachane study of the Vedas’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11). cha; satyam cha svãdhyãyapravachane cha; He instructs them, ÒâˆØ¢ ßÎÐ Ï×Z ¿ÚUÐ SßæŠØæØæÙ÷ ×æ tapashcha svãdhyãyapravachane cha; damashcha Âý×ÎÑÐÓ ‘Satyam vada; dharmam chara; svãdhyãyãn svãdhyãyapravachane cha’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: mã pramadaha’ – ‘Speak the truth. Abide by your 1/17). Svãdhyãya means the act of learning, to dharma. Never be idle in your studies’ (Taittireeya study; pravachana means to teach. Thus, the Upanishad: 1/11). Ò×æÌëÎðßô ÖßÐ çÂÌëÎðßô ÖßÐ ¥æ¿æØüÎðßô shastras command us to teach and to learn. We ÖßÐ ¥çÌçÍÎðßô ÖßÐÓ – ‘Matruvedo bhava, pitrudevo should ever preserve this heritage of ours. bhava, atithidevo bhava’ – ‘Know your mother to be like a goddess (i.e. serve her and please her as THE CONVOCATION SPEECH if she were a goddess), know your father to be like The tradition of convocation ceremonies has a god, know your teacher to be like a god, know been with us since Vedic times. One notices this a guest to be like a god’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: in the 11th chapter (anuvãka) of the Shikshãvalli. 1/11). ÒØæ‹ØÙßlæçÙ ·¤×æüç‡æÐ ÌæçÙ âðçßÌÃØæçÙÐ Ùô §ÌÚUæç‡æÐÓ According to our Vedic educational traditions, – ‘Yãnyanavadyãni karmãni, tãni sevitavyãni,
18 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 no itarãni’ – ‘O disciples! Only do those actions âßðüáé ÖêÌðáé ×Î÷Öç€Ì¢ ÜÖÌð ÂÚUæ×÷HÓ – ‘Brahmabhootaha which are in accordance with the shastras and prasannãtmã na shochati na kãnkshati, samaha society. Do not perform actions that oppose this’ sarveshu bhooteshu madbhaktim labhate parãm’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11). ÒØæ‹ØS×æ·¢¤ âé¿çÚUÌæçÙ (Gitã: 18/74). For this very reason, Bhagwan ÌæçÙ ˆßØôÂæSØæçÙÐ Ùô §ÌÚUæç‡æÐ Øð ·ð¤ ¿æSבÀþðUØæ¢âô Õýæræï‡ææÑÐ Swaminarayan reaffirms this point saying that Ìðáæ¢ ˆßØæùùâÙðÙ ÂýEçâÌÃØ×÷ÐÓ – ‘Yãnyasmãkam only one who becomes brahmarup has the right sucharitãni tãni tvayopãsyãni, no itarãni, ye to offer devotion to Paramãtmã. (Vachanãmrutam ke chãsmachchhreyãnso brãhmanãhã, teshãm Loya 7). Moreover, Aksharbrahman Gunatitanand tvayã’’sanena prashvasitavyam’ – ‘Moreover, only Swami has explained the supreme goal of life with adopt our good conduct, nothing else. After the same principle: “We are born to accomplish leaving here, if you find a teacher better than us, two things. One, to become aksharrup; and two, then respect him, pay homage to him by offering to join with Paramãtmã” (Swamini Vãto: 4/101). him a seat’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11). In this Thus, in this way, by saying ‘Brahmavid ãpnoti way, having given a priceless lesson, the teacher Param’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1) it is as finally says: Ò°á ¥æÎðàæÑÐ °á ©UÂÎðàæÑÐ °ÌÎÙéàææâÙ×÷Ð though brahmavidyã in its entirety has been given °ß×éÂæçâÌÃØ×÷ÐÓ – ‘Esha ãdeshaha, esha upadeshaha, here concisely. etadanushãsanam, evamupãsitavyam’ – ‘This is our final command. This is the teaching. Go forth, live Acquaintance with Brahman according to this’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11). The Upanishad does not just stop after saying On completion of the convocation speech, the that it is necessary to know Aksharbrahman in order Shikshãvalli ends with a further prayer for peace. to attain Parabrahman. So that Aksharbahman Thus, in the Shikshãvalli, we see the noble can be known easily, it also acquaints us with the outlook on life and rich philosophical thought in divine form of Aksharbrahman. The Upanishad our Sanatana Vedic tradition. says: ÒâˆØ¢ ™ææÙ×÷ ¥Ù‹Ì¢ ÕýræïÓ – ‘Satyam jnãnam In this Upanishad, after the Shikshãvalli, we anantam Brahma’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1). find the precepts of spirituality – brahmavidyã – in Aksharbrahman is satyam, i.e., its form and the Ãnandavalli. Let us take a glimpse. characterisitics remain in existence forever, with no change whatsoever. Aksharbrahman is jnãnam, THE ÃNANDAVALLI i.e., it is the form of knowledge, ever undefiled by A Promise: Who Knows Brahman Attains mãyã. This is why the Aitareya Upanishad sings the Parabrahman glory of Aksharbrahman with the words ÒÂý™ææÙ¢ ÕýræïÓ As the Ãnandavalli begins, the first words ‘Pragnãnam Brahma’ (Aitareya Upanishad: 2/1). herald the Akshar-Purushottam principle. The Aksharbrahman is anantam. Anta means end, Taittireeya Upanishad commences trumpeting the that without an end is ananta, i.e., indestructible. words of the Shikshãvalli: Òú ÕýræïçßÎ÷ ¥æŒÙôçÌ ÂÚU×÷Ó – Anta also means boundary, ananta means without ‘Aum Brahmavid ãpnoti Param’ – ‘One who knows a boundary. Aksharbrahman pervades everything Brahman, i.e., Aksharbrahman, attains Param, by its omniscience and is therefore ananta. i.e., Parabrahman’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1). Knowing Aksharbrahman does not mean just Experiencing the Bliss of Parabrahman information, but realization. We must become with Aksharbrahman brahmarup or aksharrup. This is a pledge to the ÒâôùàÙéÌð âßæüÙ÷ ·¤æ×æÙ÷ âãU Õýræï‡ææ çßÂçpÌðçÌÓ – attainment of Parabrahman for one who becomes ‘So’shnute sarvãn kãmãn saha Brahmanã brahmarup. The same point was explained to vipashchiteti’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1). The Arjuna: ÒÕýræïÖêÌÑ Âýâ‹Ùæˆ×æ Ù àæô¿çÌ Ù ·¤æ¾÷UÿæçÌÐ â×Ñ gist of this mantra is that just like Aksharbrahman
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 19 experiences the supreme bliss of Paramãtmã, so as ‘one bliss’. does the brahmarup devotee who has realized Explaining a human’s bliss, the Upanishad that Aksharbrahman. says: ÒØéßæ SØæÌ÷ âæÏé ØéßæŠØæØ·¤ÑÐ ¥æçàæDïUô ÎëçÉUDïUô This Upanishad also informs us of what happens ÕçÜDïUÑÐ ÌSØðØ¢ ÂëçÍßè âßæü çßžæSØ Âê‡ææü SØæÌ÷Ð â °·¤ô ×æÙéá if one does not know that Aksharbrahman. Ò¥â‹Ùðß ¥æÙ‹ÎÑÐÓ – ‘Yuvã syãt sãdhu yuvãdhyãyakaha; â ÖßçÌÐ ¥âÎ÷ ÕýræïðçÌ ßðÎ ¿ðÌ÷Ó – ‘Asanneva sa bhavati; ãshishtho balishthaha; tasyeyam pruthivee sarvã asad brahmeti veda chet’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: vittasya purnã syãt; sa eko mãnusha ãnandaha.’ 2/6). Meaning, he who believes Aksharbrahman – ‘If one were of a young age, well-natured, to be non-existent, he who does not know the intelligent enough to teach, hopeful, optimistic, existence of Aksharbrahman, loses the purpose of not pessimistic, healthy enough to eat and digest his own existence. everything, strong-bodied as well as strong-willed; In this way, the Aksharbrahman entity, not only that, if the whole Earth were filled with necessary for gaining the brahmajnãn required to wealth and that wealth were all his, i.e., if he attain Parabrahman, is described. were the emperor of the entire world; all this together in one person would be a human’s one Paramãtmã: Blissful bliss.’ Thereafter, it says, ÒÌð Øð àæÌ¢ ×æÙéáæ ¥æÙ‹ÎæÑÐ â The glory of Paramãtmã has been sung here °·¤ô ×ÙécØ»‹Ïßæü‡ææ×÷ ¥æÙ‹ÎÑÐÓ – ‘Te ye shatam mãnushã as blissful. ÒÌS×æmæ °ÌS×æÎ÷ çß™ææÙ×ØæÎ÷Ð ¥‹Øôù‹ÌÚU ¥æˆ×æ ãnandãhã; sa eko manushyagandharvãnãm ¥æÙ‹Î×ØÑÓ – ‘Tasmãdvã etasmãd vijnãnamayãd’ ãnandaha’ – ‘A hundred such human’s blisses (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/5). In this mantra, the are equal to a manushyagandharva’s one bliss’ word vijnãnmaya refers to the ãtmã. Paramãtmã (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/8). After manushya- Parabrahman, who omnisciently resides within gandharvas come deva-gandharvas, then pitrus, the ãtmã and is the ãtmã of all ãtmãs, is full of then devas such as Ãjãnaja, then karma-devas, bliss. ÒÚUâô ßñ âÑÓ – ‘Raso vai saha’ – That Paramãtmã then other devas, then Indra, then Bruhsaspati, is blissful. (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/7). Not only and Prajãpati. The ‘one bliss’ of each being is a that, with the words ÒÚU⢠sïðß ÜŽŠßæùùÙ‹Îè ÖßçÌÐ hundred times greater than the one preceding. °á sïðßæùùÙ‹ÎØæçÌÓ – ‘Rasam hyeva labdhvã’’nandee Finally, it says, ÒÌð Øð àæÌ¢ ÂýÁæÂÌðÚUæÙ‹ÎæÑÐ â °·¤ô Õýræï‡æ bhavati, esha hyevã’’nandayati’ (Taittireeya ¥æÙ‹ÎÑÐÓ – ‘Te ye shatam Prajãpaterãnandãhã, sa eko Upanishad: 2/7). This blissful Paramãtmã is the Brahmana ãnandaha’ – ‘A hundred such Prajãpati’s cause of the bliss of all. Bliss is only experienced by blisses together are Aksharbrahman’s one bliss’ attaining him. He is the one who makes everyone (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/8). In reality ‘anantam blissful. Brahma’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1) represents Can the bliss of Paramãtmã, who is ever blissful the infinite qualities and powers of Aksharbrahman; and the cause of the bliss of all, be described? therefore, its bliss is also infinite. But to show the What is that bliss like? To what extent? This has superiority of Paramãtmã’s greatness, this has also been contemplated on here. been defined as Aksharbrahman’s one bliss just to help give a comparison. Contemplation on the Supreme Bliss Thus, showing each entity’s bliss to be a ÒâñáæùùÙ‹ÎSØ ×è×æ¢âæ ÖßçÌÓ – ‘Saishã’’nandasya hundred times greater than the preceding, from meemãnsã bhavati’ – ‘Let us now contemplate on humans all the way to Aksharbrahman, it makes a the supreme bliss’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/8). conclusion on the bliss of Paramãtmã, saying: ÒØÌô With these words a meaningful attempt has then ßæ¿ô çÙßÌü‹ÌðÐ ¥ÂýæŒØ ×Ùâæ âãUÓ – ‘Yato vãcho nivartante, been made to measure the bliss of Paramãtmã by aprãpya manasã saha’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: using a scale in which a human’s bliss is counted 2/9). The bliss of Paramãtmã is indescribable,
20 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 words fall short, even the mind is insufficient, of Paramãtmã, which is attained by a devotee that is to say that the bliss of Paramãtmã is who becomes brahmarup, realizing the form unlimited; completely unlimited; completely of Brahman, is also described as blissful. Now, and totally unlimited. No one can estimate it. He to conclude, the fruit attained by one who continuously and effortlessly (sahaj) experiences understands these precepts truly is then shown: this infinite (ananta) bliss. He is anantãnanda, Òâ Ø °ß¢ çßÌ÷Ó – ‘Sa ya evam vit’ (Taittireeya sahajãnanda. Upanishad: 2/8), one who truly understand the In this way, the second valli simply describes aforesaid precepts himself becomes brahmarup the blissful form of and the infinite divine bliss and Ò¥æÙ‹Î×Ø×÷ ¥æˆ×æÙ×÷ ©UÂ⢷ý¤æ×çÌÓ – ‘Ãnandamayam (ãnanda) of Paramãtmã and thus this valli of the ãtmãnam upasankrãmati’ – ‘Attains the ever Taittireeya Upanishad is called the ‘Ãnandavalli’. blissful Paramãtmã and experiences supreme The capabilities of that supremely blissful bliss’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/8). Paramãtmã has also been described here. Thus, we have now seen the essence of the Ãnandavalli in the Taittireeya Upanishad. Now let The Creator of All us see the essence of the third, ‘Bhruguvalli’. Òâôù·¤æ×ØÌÐ ÕãéU SØæ¢ ÂýÁæØðØÐ â ÌÂSÌSÌŒˆßæÐ §Î¢ âßü×âëÁÌР̈âë¦ïUæÐ ÌÎðßæÙéÂýæçßàæÌ÷ÐÓ – ‘So’kãmayata; Bhruguvalli bahu syãm prajãyeya; sa tapastastaptvã; idam With the words Ò¥ÏèçãU Ö»ßÑÓ – ‘Adheehi sarvamasrujata; tatsrushtvã; tadevãnuprãvishat’ bhagavaha’ – ‘Please teach me adhyãtmavidyã’ – ‘That supremely blissful Paramãtmã resolved (Taittireeya Upanishad: 3/1). Bhrugu becomes to make creation. According to that resolve, his father’s, Varuna Rishi’s, disciple. Pleased, his he created all of this, and he permeated that father teaches his son and disciple adhyãtmajnãn. creation, i.e., he dwells as the controller and Bhrugu is the listener to this part of the Taittireeya supporter’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/6). Thus, Upanishad, therefore it is called the Bhruguvalli. the ever blissful Paramãtmã is the creator, Furthermore, his father, Varuna, is giving him controller and supporter of the entire creation. this knowledge, therefore Òâñáæ Öæ»üßè ßæL¤‡æè çßlæÓ Moreover, ÒÖèáæS×æÎ÷ ßæÌÑ ÂßÌðÐ ÖèáæÎðçÌ âêØüÑÐ ÖèáæS×æÎ÷ – ‘Saishã Bhãrgavee Vãrunee vidyã’ – ‘This vidyã ¥ç‚Ùpð‹¼ýpÐ ×ëˆØéÏæüßçÌ Â†¿× §çÌÓ – ‘Bheeshãsmãd is also known as Bhãrgavee-vidyã and Vãrunee- vãtaha pavate; bheeshãdeti sooryaha; bheeshãsmãd vidyã’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 3/1). agnishchendrashcha; mrutyurdhãvati panchama iti’ – ‘It is due to the fear of that blissful Paramãtmã The Blissful All-doer of Creation, that the wind blows, the sun rises, and the devas, Sustenance and Dissolution such as Agni and Indra, obey commands. It is Preceding this, in the Ãnandavalli, Paramãtmã by his command that even death remains active’ was described as blissful and it informed (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/8). Having said this, us that the creator of the world is this same the authority of Paramãtmã is then established. blissful Paramãtmã. Here, in the Bhruguvalli, the same precept is given, but in a slightly The Fruit: Attainment of Blissfulness different way. At the start of the valli, Varuna In this way, the Ãnandavalli commences with tells Bhrugu: ÒØÌô ßæ §×æçÙ ÖêÌæçÙ ÁæØ‹ÌðÐ ØðÙ ÁæÌæçÙ ‘Brahmavid ãpnoti Param’ – ‘One who knows Áèßç‹ÌР؈ÂýØ‹ˆØçÖâ¢çßàæç‹ÌÐ ÌÎ÷çßçÁ™ææâSßÓ – ‘Yato Brahman, i.e., becomes brahmarup, attains vã imãni bhootani jãyante, yena jãtãni jeevanti, Parabrahman’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 2/1), and yatprayantyabhisanvishanti; tadvijignãsasva’ – describes the form of Aksharbrahman so that ‘You should know him due to whom all creatures it may be easily known. Thereafter, the form are produced, due to whom everything is alive and
January 2010 Swaminarayan Bliss 21 sustained, and in whom everything is engulfed at Thus, the main subject of the Bhruguvalli is dissolution’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 3/6). Saying the ever blissful Paramãtmã. this, he then himself says who this is: Ò¥æÙ‹ÎæhKðß ¹çËß×æçÙ ÖêÌæçÙ ÁæØ‹ÌðÐ ¥æÙ‹ÎðÙ ÁæÌæçÙ Áèßç‹ÌÐ ¥æً΢ Conclusion ÂýØ‹ˆØçÖâ¢çßàæ‹ÌèçÌÓ – ‘Ãnandãddhyeva khalvimãni In this way, we have discussed the essence bhootani jãyante; ãnandena jãtãni jeevanti; of the Taittireeya Upanishad in short. We can at ãnandam prayantyabhisanvishanteeti’ – ‘Indeed, least see that our Vedic educational system is not it is due to the ever blissful Paramãtmã that limited to mundane knowledge. Adhyãtmavidyã, everything is produced, it is due to the ever blissful brahmavidyã, is combined into every field of Paramãtmã that everything is alive and sustained, education. And any education that includes and dissolution also takes place due to this ever brahmavidyã is, of course, beneficial for all, blissful Paramãtmã.’ That is, the ever blissful all-liberating and entirely blissful. Indeed, this Paramãtmã is the all-doer of creation, sustenance Taittireeya Upanishad which is found in the and dissolution (Taittireeya Upanishad: 3/6). Yajurveda is a wonderful example of this.
(contd. from p. 17) Years later, Narayanswarupdasji was once in TVAMEVA SARVAM MAMA DEVA DEVA… Gondal. He heard that Shastriji Maharaj had come, The Shvetashvetara Upanishad (6/23)states, and so he ran up to the mandir to see his beloved ØSØ Îðßð ÂÚUæÖçQ¤ØüÍæ Îðßð ÌÍæ »éÚUõ Ð guru. But instead, before his own eyes, the murti ÌSØñÌð ·¤çÍÌæ sïÍæüÑ Âý·¤æàæ‹Ìð ×ãUæˆ×ÙÑH of Ghanshyam Maharaj came to life and lay down Yasyã deve parãbhaktir- in a bed. However, rather than get excited, he yatha deve tathã gurauÐ calmly asked, “Where is Shastriji Maharaj?” Tasyaite kathitã hyarthã “He is downstairs,” Ghanshyam Maharaj prakãshante mahãtmanahaH replied. Narayanswarupdasji ran downstairs, but One should have the same devotion towards he did not see Shastriji Maharaj there. And so he one’s guru as towards God; a devotee who offers ran back up and finally saw him doing darshan. such devotion has nothing left to achieve. In other Shastriji Maharaj and Ghanshyam Maharaj then words, such a devotee is complete. merged into one. Shastriji Maharaj ‘completed’ Narayan- Pramukh Swami Maharaj was once asked why swarupdas in this way. For Narayanswarupdasji, he ran to find Shastriji Maharaj when Ghanshyam Shastriji Maharaj was the manifest form of God. Maharaj had come to life before his very eyes. He When Swamishri was young, as Shantilal, he replied, “I was so attached to Shastriji Maharaj once sat in Bochasan to hear discourses from a that I experienced God through him.” devotee who, it was rumoured, sent people into In 2002, youths from Mumbai asked Swamishri samadhi. to describe Shastriji Maharaj in just one sentence. When Shastriji Maharaj found out, he Without a moment’s hesitation, Swami replied, questioned Shantilal about why he wanted to enter “Write it down. He was the form of God.” samadhi at all and said, “That which you wish to Shastriji Maharaj loved Narayanswarupdasji see in samadhi with your eyes closed is right in like a mother, moulded him like a father, and front of you.” Shastriji Maharaj thus informed fulfilled him as only God could. And so, Shastriji Shantilal that he was the manifest form of God. Maharaj was many things to many people, but to And although he only said it once, Swamishri kept Narayanswarupdasji, his ideal disciple, he alone this lesson close to his heart. was everything.
22 Swaminarayan Bliss January 2010 Pramukh Swami Maharaj’s VICHARAN 1 September to 30 November 2009 Ahmedabad, Gondal, Rajkot, Bochasan