The book parade continues from early morning until twilight falls. 0UJ IR lLll IBIRA IR)Y Growth of Our Library

All round the room my silent servants wait, My friends in every season, bright and dim. - BARRY CORNWALL

The library of the College of Saint Francis had its beginning with the inception of Assisi Junior College in 1923. The extent of the library at that time was one large reading room with books numbering approximately 7,000 volumes, a 30,tray catalog and a Institutions educate only as they enable one seating capacity of 37. This 7,000 book nucleus was made up of the to continue learning forever after. The art of reading and the technique of research are the books of the Normal Department of the Convent of the Sisters of primary instruments of learning. .that is why - Saint Francis, the collegiate books withdrawn from the Saint Francis they must be the primary objective of a sound Academy Library, and donations and purcllases to the extent of educational system. ahwt 2,000 volumes. - MORTIMER J. ADLER There was a steady growth from then on so that as early as 1927, when regular courses were opened to the public, it was necessary We believe, with Mr. Adler, that reading and the tech. to open another room. In 1929 two more rooms were added to the nique of research are of primary importance. If this is true, library for stack purposes. All three rooms provided carrels for the the library of an educational system plays a very important faculty and a greater seating capacity. About this time the Admin- part in the education of its students. istration considered extending the course offerings of the Cdlege to those of a senior college status. With this change in the curriculum, The purpose of this study is to consider this vital force of growth in library holdings became imperative. During the two fol- our college,- the library, its growth, its collection, the acqui, lowing years, therefore, there was a very rapid increase in the book sition of its books, its use, its administration and service, and collection. its influence. To aid in the selection of these additions the librarian at that time, Sister M. Jovita, an ardent and judicious collector of books, had several conferences with Dr. Phineas L. Windsor, Director of the University of Illinois Library for many years. These resulted in a study made at the Library School under the direction of various members of the faculty of the University, particularly Miss Anne i Morris Boyd and Miss Fannie Dunlap, concerning the holdings and i the needs of the library of the College of Saint Francis. The out. 4 growth of this study was the compilation of a selected list of appro. I priate books for each department. These lists, and later the Shaw list, were largely used as guides in the purchase of books for the new scribes to about 200 current American and foreign periodicals, of senior college library. A good working library thus came into exis, scholastic and popular significance, the best of which are bound tence. The card catalog was extended to a 60dtray catalog. regularly. It contains also thousands of pamphlets, receiving rep. In 1932 a Reserve Book Reading Room was opened, increasing larly pamphlet material from the Camegie Endowment for Internas the seating capacity to about 75. With continued increase in hold. tional Peace, the National Catholic Welfare Conference, the Queen's ings it agaln became necessary to provide more stack space, so that Work, and numerous government pamphlets, all especially valuable in 1933 the reference books were separated from the regular stacks for contemporary thought in the various fields of learning, particu. and placed in newly installed shelves in the Reserve Book Room, larly economics, sociology, and religion. Pictures, maps and clippings making it a combined Reference and Reserve Book Reading Room. are also available. The card catalog has now reached the 120,tray At this time the library holdings numbered approximately 13,000 size. The collection is supplemented when necessary for faculty re. books. From that time to date reference books have steadily increased search through interlibrary loans. in number, so that it has recently become necessary to extend ref. The library contains practically no dead or useless material, but erence shelves to the East Corridor of the Reference Room. comprises a live and wel1,distributed c.ol1ection the selection of which In 1936 the Faculty Library was opened which provides a con, has always been based on the courses offeted and on the needs, both venient place for faculty books and periodicals, books on college scholastic and recreational, of the student and faculty clientele. administration, student guidance, and publications of learned socie. Accessions are continually being made. Within the faculty the im* ties - materials of faculty interest, not usually used by the students. pulse to build up a good collectioil is strong. Though the library is A Cataloging Room was also opened providing a worhng space housed in attractive surroundings and a quiet atmosphere, the librare for the library staff. ian and her staff look forward to new and larger quarters for future In 1937 the constant increase in the number of books, periodicals expansion. and pamphlets made additional stack space again imperative. An Annex, or an extension of the Main Library, 222A, afforded stack space to the amount of some thousands of books. This Annex is nlodernly equipped with asphalt-ti!ed flooring, sevendtier steel stacks, and special library lighting facilities. Simultaneously a room for text.books used in connection with student*teaching was opened. The library also underwent other notable improvements. Individual study tables replaced the old.time desks in the Reference and Re. serve Reading Room. The seating capacity was enlarged in 222A, Main Library, with the acquisition of four rectangular tables and chairs, making the total over 50% of the student enrollment. The card catalog was brought up to a 9O.tray catalog. A uew loan desk was installed in the Reference and Reserve Room, also shelves for the United States catalog and other indexes. Other improvements the following year were the installation of a newspaper rack and a complete set of guides for the card catalog. At present the collection numbers some 21,000 volumes, 31,000 volumes including the high school laboratory collection, and sub, Rare Books misled may again be led to the right paths and that those still in the Faith may persevere. The title page has an elaborately decorated The student has...in his books the ruins of an border design which combines many small woodcut pictures, and antique world and the glories of a modern one. the text contains numerous small woodcuts throughout. - HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFEUOW The other edition of the Dietenberger Bibell bears the imprint date of 1650. It also contains the letter of the Holy Roman Emperor, the ~ietenber~erpreface, and was printed at Cologne, by Arnoldus While a large percent of the library's books are recent publica- Quentel. It is a revision of the earlier edition, but includes practi, tions, the standard old books are not lacking, nor the all-important ally the same illustrations on the title page and throughout the text. world$ great books. It is, however, unique in its binding, bound in heavy wood, covered The library cannot boast of a collection of old manuscripts; yet with designed leather with cordhound leather back. It has leather it has an interesting collection of rare books, especially from the btraps fastened to metal pieces held in place with small nails. standpoint of the history of printing and book-making. In this col- There are in the collection two other books in wooden covers. lection are three old Bibles, that most published book and bespseller Myrrhen Garten, Garden of Myrrhs, is a prayer book of all times. In one of these the title page is lacking, but the intro. especially for women by Father Martin von Cochem, a Capuchin, duaion bears the date of 1536. The text of this book is in the old and published at Wirtzburg by the Rausch heirs in 175 1. It is a black-face Got&c type, used by the earjy German printers. It con. revised edition of an earlier work of 1724. The boards are covered tains nunlerous small woodcut illustrations interspersed throughout with white silk velvet ornately decorated with silver.coin filigree the text, and a number of interesting head and tail decorations. It is designed bosses which extend over three-fourths of the boards and especially unique in its fine burnth designed edges. are fastened with nails. It has beautiful clasps and comer plates of The other two Bibles are different editions of the famous Dieten- the same material and intricate design fastened to the wooden boards berger Bibell which, translated from the Latin, was first published with small nails The comer plates not only decorate the outer cop in Mainz, that great center of early German printers, in 1543, to ners, but the four inner corners as well. This very unusual book has defend the Catholic religion against the new religion of Luther. a copper engraving frontispiece, and a number of full-page woodcut Because of the popularity of the Lutheran Bible, Dietenberger, a illustrations. The title page is done in attractive red and black Gothic Dominican, was asked to translate the Latin into the vernacular for print. the German Catholics. There were several revisions of this book. Institutionurn Linguae Graeclre Liber Primus by Jacob Gretser, Our library has the 1587 edition published at Cologne, Germany, a Jesuit, is a book of instruction on the Greek language, or syntax by Gervinus Calenus. It contains a letter from Rudolph, the Holy on the eight parts of speech. It was printed by JqhWolff in 1757. Roman Emperor, in which he grants permission to Gervinus Calenus It is in wooden boards covered in white designed paper and has white to print this revision and sets forth the penalty; namely, a heof leather straps that fasten to brass plates; it has a title page vignette, ten pieces of gold, for anyone, other than Calenus, who should print, and a Greek and Latin index. sell, copy or handle the book. He also threatens seizure of books if In this collection of unusual books there are a number of other found on the market. The letter is signed with the imperial seal books of special interest because of their bindings. October 24, 1576. The book also contains the interesting preface of The book entitled B. Theodori Studitu, Studies of Blessed Theo. Johann Dietenberger, in which he gives the purpose, namely, the dore, one hundred and thirty-four catechetical lectures for the feasts honor and glory of God and the German nation, and that those of the entire year, is an example of parchment covering over paste 4 10th edition of the work, published at Augsburg by Joseph Anton boards. It was published at Antwerp, that famous Belgium center Moy in 1805. This book is interesting for its many ]petal engravings. of early book-making, at the expense of the widow and heirs of The title page is in red and black Gothic type. It is bound in black John Bellerus under the seal of the Golden Eagle in 1602. It is in 4 leather with a border and center design in gold, and has a unique Latin derived from the Greek with comments and notes by John impressed design on edges. Livineius. It also contains Homilies of St. Eucherius, edited for the Hulf in der woth is in a fine brown leather binding and has a first time, which were previously attributed to St. Eusebius. metal-engraved frontispiece. It contains ten Friday devotions to Unequaled and most beautiful of all these rare books is the one Saint Francis Xavier, a biographical sketch of the Saint, evidences entitled Oficie de La Semana Santa by Dr. Jose Rigual. It com- of favors obtained, the office of the Saint, and general devotions. prises the office of Holy Week and Easter Week, the entire Mass of It was printed at Cologne by Servatio Noethen in 1721. Holy Thursday in Latin and Spanish followed by Devotion of the There is a very interesting manuscript prayerbook with carefully Seven Last Words, Stabat Mater, and the adoration of the Holy ruled pages and margins and written in a painstakingly even German Wounds of Christ. It was published at Paris by Belin-LePrieur and script with decorated initial letters. The first part is unpaged; paging Morizot, date not known. The boards of this book are covered with begins with the second part called Tagliche Obungen. This part has mother.of.pear1 with a hand-carving on the top cover, depicting the red captions and a running title on each page above the margin. scene of Christ being taken down from the crw. It has a royal- It comprises morning prayers, evening prayers, Mass, instructions on blue silk velvet back and silk end-sheets of the same color. The book the observance of Sundays and holy days, general prayers, and spe- is illustrated with a number of steel engravings, a title page vignette, cial devotions for each day of the week. It is bound in brown tooled and an interesting added metal-cut tide page in colors. leather with a beautiful border design. There is no title page, but Another unusual binding is a book entitled Forty Days in the the date on the first page is 1759. Desert by W. H. Hartlett, published in London, no date given, There are also a number of early London publications, among bound in rich brown, hard-finish, plastic covers, beautifully decorated them a wpy of the Book of Common Prayer according to the use in gold, and iilustrated profusely with steel engravings and numerous of the Church of England together with the Psalter of David, pub- fine woodcuts. It has an added title page with steel engraving vignette. lished at Cambridge, London by Joseph Bentham in 1763. With Among this collection are several old books of religious devotions this work are bound, with separate paging and title pages, two other particularly interesting because of their designed leather covers and works; namely, the Companion or Spiritwl Guide at the Altar, illustrations. containing prayers, ejaculations, meditations. and the order for the One of these, Christliche lageszeit, is bound in red leather with administration of the Lord's Supper by a clergyman of the Church a beautiful blind-tooled border design in gold and a green inlay of England, published in London for Bedwell Law in "Avemary center design. It is copiously illustrated with copper etchmgs arid a Lane and E, and C. Dilly in the Poultry;" and the Whole Book decorated border on each page of script. The text of the book is in of Psalms collected into English metre by Thomas Sternhold, John Gothic script, a facsimile of handwriting, with Gothic print captions. Hopkins and others, published in London, and printed by H. Wood- It embodies prayers and devotions for the Christian day, morning fall for the company of Stationers in 1764. This book is bound in prayers, Mass prayers, prayers for travel and for the evening, and was red leather with a gold-tooled border dewration. The Companion written by Rev. Sebastian Sailer, and published in Vienna, no date 07 Spiritwl Guide at the Altar has a title page vlgnette and steel given. However, the front flyleaves contain an interesting diary engraving frontispiece. written in ink, the earliest date in which is 1781. I The Military History of Europe by William Biggs, a London Brevler Eines Guten Christen by R. D. Usebio Amert is the publication of 1756, gives the military history from the commence. was published at Hartford by bliver D. Cooke in 1821. This book ment of the war with Spain, 1739, to the Treaty cf Aix.la.Chapelle is a miniature size, 2Wx3w, bound in leather. With it is bound in 1748, and includes all the transactions of that war both by sea the Hytnm and Spiritual Songs in Three Books from Sc@ture, on and land, and also a history of the Rebellion in Scotland. Divine subjrcts and prepared for the Lord's Supper by Isaac Watts. Marti Antonini embraces the twelve books of Marcus Aurelius Though small in width and height, the book numbers 322 pp, and Antoninus, the Emperor. The title page of this book is in red and 282 pp. black in both Greek and Roman type, and after the fashion of the Among reference books, the library has the famous and very books of the period, gives very full information about the book; valuable out.of,print work, LcCorttime Historique, by M. A. Racinet, for instance, that the book concerns his deeds, or concerns those published in Paris, no date given. This edition is in two volumes deeds which he thought ~erfectedhimself; that it was purged in a and comprises 325 plates, 200 in color, gold and silver, 125 in one few places and put in order; that it is a new Latin version with tone, illustrating the principal types of dress and ornament, and varied readings and considerations and with parallels added to the interior of homes in all countries, at all times with all peoples, with margin; that it contains a continuous commentary explained and numerous details on furnishings, arms, etc.-- an album of authentic illustrated by Thomas Gataker in London; and that it includes more documents, retracing the history of dress In all the countries from select annotations by A. D'Acerius, given in Latin, and the Life of antiquity to the 19th century. . Marcus Antoninus. The imprint reads: "London, at the expense of The library is the proud possessor of the special ragpaper edition, Edw. Millington in a village commonly called Little Britain. They now out of print, of the Muway New English Dictionary. Oxford, sell at the booksellers at London and at either of the academies, Clarenden Press, 1888-1928, bound in beautiful red morocco half 1697." The frontispiece is a metal engraving of Marcus Aurelius leather with gold lettering and edges. Antoninus. It has an 1848 volume of the old Bhc~wood'sEdinburgh Maga. The library also has the Poems of Ossian. 2 volumes, translated zinc and the complete files of Brownson's guartcrly Review from by James Macpherson, containing Dr. Blair's three celebrated critical 1844-1863. dissertations, published in London by Lackington, Allen and company in 1806. It is bound in fancy designed cover with leather back and illustrated with steel engravings. Some of the early American imprints found in this collection are: Katolik Anantie-Masinuigan by Rt. Rev. Bishop P. Baraga, a Catholic prayerbook and catechism in the Otchipwe4ndian language, with an appendix of the Mass and Vespers in Latin; and prayers in the Ottawa-Indian language by Rev. John B. Weikamp, a Fran- ciscan tertiary, published at New York by Benziger Brothers, no date given. This book is in red leather covers with a gold blind. tooled border and a center design in relief. It is illustrated with a steel engraving frontispiece, and woodcut illustrations sf the'stations of the cross. The Psalms of David. imitated in the language of the New Testa. ment and applied to the Christian state of worship, by Isaac Watts, Catholic Books

Books are friends, and like our other friends, they are precious and necessary when they are strong, resourceful and distinctive. - BROTHER LEO

The library is rich in Catholic books, old and new. Manv factors help to build up this Catholic collection: The Administration realizes that the library is the pivotal point of the college; that a Catholic college, to accomplish the task which is hers; namely, to unfold the Catholic heritage to the minds and hearts of youth, and thus develop in them the flowering of the Catholic spirit, requires Catholic books. The instructors are cognizant of the need of integrating all in- struction by means of religion; hence, the necessity of Catholic books. So~necourses are distinctly Catholic courses, for example, Ecclesi. astical Latin, Confessions of Saint Augustine, Religious Poetry, Catholic Revival in English Literature, Medieval Literature, the Church and Civilization, Liturgical Music, and of course, the courses in Religion. The library subscribes to the Science and Culture Foundation Series, of the Bruce Publishing Company, and receives a gift sub- scription to the Catholic Book of the Month Club. Memberships in learned Catholic wieties bnng Catholic material; e. g., American Catholic Iiistorical Association, American Catholic Philosophical Associatioil, American Catholic Sociological Society, Catholic Asso, ciation of International Peace, Catholic College Art Association, Cathohc Library Association, Cathollc Theatre Conference, and the National Catholic Education Association. The Catholic magazines subscribed for regular171 number approximately fifty, among which are found such magazines as Thought, Catholic World, Common, weal, and America. Thm is a card index of all available material in the library on outstanding Catholic authors; also on all available material in the library on the Blessed Virgin Mary. 4.a N co .~.~~* Kg& $ ?gv e. 30 i'ff" a 2 ' g?zp-Cf v Po0F.W y%ga g 5.8 P FZ 3%-v a"5 8 Ff g.~3-Y5 *~9%$ 5 g32-4,s& 42 c3. 5'a -.pi- J PP 8C6$K fP.32: @ wp.v z ~2Y * g +& - rnEL. "3 0 .d g cnv a9 aK8 956"9" gz5 g" scholars and admirers of Saint Francis, among them The Romanti. an h~storical book which unfolds eighty years of love and labor in cism of Saint Francis by Father Cuthbert, O.S.F.C., the scholarly the vineyard, covering the history of the American province, history Oxford Franciscan, who attempts in each of five studies to present vitalized with the joy and charity which mark the son4 of Saint the inner thought of some aspect of the Franciscan life. Other titles Francis. The Ideals of Saint Francis of Assisi by the scholarly author, by the same author are Saint Francis and Poverty and The Capuchins. Father Hilarin Felder, O.M.Cap., occupies a pre-eminent place in The Friars is translated by Father Cuthbert from Thomas of Eccles. Franciscan literature and is the fruit of a life-long labor. In an effort ton's de Aclventu F. F. Minorum in Angliam and has an introductory to delineate the Franciscan ickal the author traces the character of essay by him on the spirit and genius of the Franciscan friars. Father the Saint portraying lovingly the ideals of Saint Francis in the light Cuthbert has also written a drama entitled Saint Francis. of all available sources and placing them in their proper place in Other dramas in the collection are Harry Lee's The Little Poor environment and time, and further follows their growth, develop- Man (I1 Poverello) which had a successful run on Broadway, and ment and realization. The book includes a bibliography and lengthy The Marriage of Saint Francis by Henri Gheon, the famous French notes, and was translated from the German by Father Berchmans hagiographer. Bittle, O.M. Cap., Franciscan Education edited by Father Felix M. Also of importance in the library's Franciscans collection are Kirsch, O.M. Cap., is an excellent symposium of essays. Frederick Ozanam's The Franciscan Poets in ltdly of the Thirteenth The Gospel in Action by Paul R. Martin, one of the Science and Century, translated and annotated by A. E. Nellen and N. C. Craig, Culture series books, deals with the Third Order of Saint Francis. which to quote an eminent Catholic writer, "remains to this day Its rule of life, as newly adapted by the Holy See, is studied in all its one of the indispensable authorities for the history nf literature, of latent possibilities for the social and religious regeneration of society. Catholicism and af Italy." A chapter is given over to Jacopone da The book contains likewise all the ecclesiastical documents bearing Todi. It is to Ozanam we are indebted for the discovery of the on the Third Order. Another book of the same nature is the Soclal importance of Jacopone, the great Franciscan mystic poet. While Ideals of Saint Francis by Father James Meyer, O.F.M., editor of Ozanam confines his theme to Franciscan poets of the thirteenth the Third Order Forum. This book clarifies the meaning of Tertiar- century, Benjamin Francis Musser, poet and tertiary, in his Fran- ism and explains how the Tertiary, by applying the Franciscan ideal ascan Poets, reaches to all countries and to our day, treating in his everyday life, can effect his ow11 reform and at the same timc not only the poet~friars, but the Clam, and Tertiaries as well. contribute to the much needed reform of society. With this group Canticles for Saint Francis, poets' tributes to the Saint loved by the may be placed the book entitled The Franciscan Message to the whole world, was compiled by the same author. Workl by Father Agostino Gemelli, O.F.M., one of the most dis- Johannes Jgrgensen, lover of Franciscan Italy, spends some time tinguished Franciscans now living, Rector of the Catholic University annually in that country, and knows whereof he writes in Pilgrim at Milan, and one of the principal leaders of the Catholic revival Walks in Franciscorr Italy. Franciscans and the Protestant Revo. in modem Italy. The author depicts how beneficial has been the lution in England is an authentic piece of research by Father Francis influence of Franciscan spirituality through the centuries. He de- Borgia Steck, O.F.M., in which the author shows that, in spite of scribes the life and spirit of Saint Francis in relation to his own age, the charges against old Orders, the popular mind in England in thc and shows that this spirit has been an influence on the different cur- beginning of the religious upheaval was deeply imbued with the rents of life, religion, culture and civilization in subsequent agzs, truly Catholic spirit of the great Saint of Assisi. Another book by the and concludes with a review of the problems of our own day. He same author is the Glories of the Franciscan Order. Medieval Francis maintains that Franciscan idealism has still a message to give to the in Modern America by Father Adalbert John Callahan, 0 F M , is modem world, that it still vibrates as a living force in the souls of men for whom the personality of Francis has such a magnetic fascina. tioil. Vida Scudder's The Franciscan Adventure, a study of the first one hundred years of the Order of Saint Francis, relates the conflict between the groups bent on the literal obedience of Saint Francis and complete renunciation of property and the more modem men ready to compromise with practical necessities. This conflict also enters into Helen White's Watch in the qight, a novel, centering around the early Franciscans. In these books live again such figures as Elias, John of Parma and others. Vida Scudder in Franciscan Adventure draws many parallels between the perplexities of these sons of Francis and those of our own time. Most gratifying is The Poverello's Round Table by Sister M. Aquina, O.S.F., forker regis* trar of the College of Saint Francis, a collection of lives of the saints and holy people who belonged to the Order of Saint Francis. There is a short life, meditation and prayer for each day of the year, suitable for layfolk and religious allke. To quote from Father James Meyer's Forward: "It is refreshing to turn to the peaceful and peace. fully pervading spirit of Saint Francis of Assisi, and to observe how that spirit has been operating for the public good as well as for personal salvation throughout seven centuries." Delightful Franciscana reading are such boob as Helen Walker Homan's Letters to Saint Francis and His Friars and Lucille Borden's Sing to the Sun. The library receives regularly and has the complete files ~f both the Franciscan Educational Conference and the Franciscan Studies, which comprise scholarly treatises by contemporary Franciscans. Gifts to the Library Students Help to Build the Library

Books are the legacies that a great genius leaves to mankind, which are delivered down from My Library was dukedom large enough. generation to generation, as presents to the - WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE posterity of those who are yet unborn. - JOSEPH ADDISON The students of the College of Saint Francis are also numbered among the donors to the library, some as individuals and others Gifts of learning shall endure through many generations. Among through such organizations as the International Relations Club, the the acquisitions through the years have come numerous and valuable Latin Club, the Press Club, the Saint Francis Club, and the Sodality gifts from friends of Saint Francis. In 1939 a special effort was of Our Lady. made to gather all available information on gifts to the library since Through the International Relations Club, the library receives its beginning. The list of donors was included in the annual report, the Carnegie Endowment Fund books. Through this source have 1938-1939. This list numbers 137 donors who have contributed cash come such excellent titles as The Family of Nations and WhyWar?, or books to the library's growth to the amount of $6,424.40, ranging essays and addresses by Nicholas Murray Butler, President of Co. for individuals from fifty cents to $1,000.00. All gifts whether large lumbia University and well4cnown educationist; Democracy Today or small are most welcome to the library and are received mth the and Tomorrow by Eduard BenG, former President of Czecho, greatest appreciation. slovakia; and On the Rim of the Abyss by James T. Shotwell, Pro, The College has always been much concerned with the growth of fessor of History. the library and aims to bring and keep it up to the highest standards, In 1937, upon the occasion of the sesquicentennial of the U. S. thereby enriching the work of both students and teachers. But to Constitution, the International Relations Club presented to the library do this, it needs the constant assistance of friendly supporters. facsimiles of the original Declaration of Independence and the Students today depend greatly upon the library because today's United States Constitution, pictures of the signers of the Consti. system of education places emphasis on independent study. The vital tution with facsimile signatures, and stand. function of the library of a liberal arts college is to provide the The Latin Club, though a small group, has given numerous students with sufficient up,to.date material, correlating with the worth,while books to the llbrary in the classical field, among which instructional program beyond the textbook range. To meet these are several volumes of An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome; needs the library must in turn have access to the steady stream of several volumes of The Loeb Clussical Library; Mythology and the new books which modern scholarship is producing. No matter what Renaissance Tradition in English Poetry by Douglas Bush, of whom form a patron's help may take, the result will be an extension of George Shuster says, "His study of the mythological inlay of English cultural growth. Through these friends of the College, the library poetry is a monument of learning and discernment, but his wit is is benefited at the present time and for ages to come. as carefree and pointed as if the art of making 'bon mots' were the only thing troubling his mind." Another excellent book for readers who value the classical humanities is Citizens of Long A& by Ade, line Belle Hawes. Through the Press Club, the library receives the student anthology, Burnished Gold, sponsored by the club. Saint Francis Club, the All.College club, in 193F sponsored a book drive. Through it the library received a goodly number of The Library Status volumes including such titles as The World Drama Series, four vol. umes, by Robert Metcalf Smith, types of romantic, social, philo. In the highest civilization the book sophic, and historical drama; The hymn's New Testament with is still the highest delight. introductioil and notes by Fathcr Hugh Pope, O.P.; Poetry of Our - RALPH WALDO EMERSON Times, selected and edited by Sharon Brown; Christw, a collec, tion of Christma~loreby John N. Then; and Hans Andersen's The library meets the requirements of the North Central Asso. Forty Stones newly translated from the Danish by M. R. James aation of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the University of Illinois, with twentyfour illustraticns in color by Christine Jackson. the Catholic University of America, and the State Department of The Sodality has contributed an occasional volume to the library Education, which is an excellent criterion far judging the library's as Father Lord's My European Diary and My Mother. effectiveness. An importailt recent achizvement of the library is the There is also the Mary's Book series which is a project of the result of a study made by the National Catholic Education Asso- English Department. ciation of the libraries of the Catholic institutions of higher learning The students help to build the library in various other ways too. that are on the North Central list. Our college library ranks seventh Through library and teacher cooperation, students have made indexes of the thirty Catholic college libraries thus studied. This is exceed. to short stones, plays, essays, Mariology, and the literary material ingly gratifying since the College of Salnt Francis is a comparatively in America. They have likewise made bibliographies on Catholic young institution. In connection with this study, graphs of three authors, the Teaching of English in the High School, and have library items were made; namely, reference books held from the solicited manuscripts and autographed photographs fmCatholic North Central checklist, periodicals held from a selected checklist, authors, in which collection are represented such well.known authors and the annual expenditure for books. as Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen, Rev. Daniel A. Lord, Katherine Br&gy, Helen C. White, Elizabeth Jordan, Giovanni Papini, Lucile Papin Borden, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, Michael Williams, Rev. Eligius Weir, William Thomas Walsh, Sheila Kaye.Smith, and Rev. Paul Hanly Furfey. With such interest in the library, it is hoped that the students of the College of Saint Francis will leave with an appreciation and love for books to the extent of a continued interest in building up the library of their Alma Mater and also in acquiring libraries of their own, and a desire to continue reading for their own enrichment. Use of the Library book gives the percents of negligible use in four studies covering eight institutions. These four percents range from 10.6%-42%. "A habit all should cultivate Our zero group is 7.78%, which is considerably lower. Is oft to read and ruminate." In the majority of cases our records of the reading of individual students disclose an increase in reading as they proceed from the Another criterion for judging the effectiveness of a library is the freshman to the senior status. Author preferences are not very functional use of the library The daily book parade from 7 a.m. marked, a!though there is a slight preference for the following: to 9 p.m is evidence of the use of the College of Saint Francis Pius XI (Encyclicals), Gilbert Keith Chesterton, Hilaire Belloc, library. For in today's system of education the student must go to Lucille Borden, William Shakespeare, Marion Crawford, Owen books for "a full rounding of his learning." The library keeps a Francis Dudley, Leo XIII, Edward P. Cheney, Leonard Feeney, circulation record which is included in an annual report of the Daniel Lord, Theodore Maynard, Wilfred Robinson, aild Elizabeth librarian. This statistical record in terms of use explains much about Jarden. the vital service of the library. The highest in withdrawals in subject is that in literature with The record of withdrawals shows that the total circulation for religion second and social sciences third. the year 1938-1939 was 14,171, for 1939-1940, 17,184 for both Statistics on the use of reserve books reveal that the average use faculty and students. The average withdrawals per student per year of reserve books per student per year is 96.8, that the most reserve for 1933-1959 was 32, and for 1939-1940, 33.6. Mr. Randall in books are used by the Education, English and History departments. his article on college libraries which appeared in Illinois Libraries for October, 1936 gives the akerage circulation for college libraries per capita as 28.4. A neighboring college gives 13 as the average otudent circulation per capita. Mr. Brandcomb in his recent book, Teaching with Books, pressnts some interesting data on circulation. One of the tables shows the student average circulation for the academic year of seven different studies covering fifty.five institu- tions. These seven averages per student per year range from 10.28- 13.86. Such comparative figures indicate that the students at College of Saint Francis do read. The rate per capita at College of Saint Francis would probably be considerably higher than 33.6 if all our students were non-resident. A large percent of them are resident students, who have every convenience for working in the library evenings and on Saturdays. This condition naturally decreases the number of withdrawals. Further study from the standpoint of individual borrowers at College of Saint Francis library shows that the highest number of withdrawals per year by any individual student was 122, and also discloses some negligible use. Another table in Mr. Branscomb's Further encouragement is given through publicity of books in the columns of the Interlude, bulletin board displays, and by means Open Shelves and Displays of personal notices sent to students and faculty members informing them of new accessions of particular interest to individuals. Books have always a secret influence on the undcr- standing: We cannot at pleasure obliterate ideas. All these have helped to make students and faculty more and - SAMUEL JOHNSON more library conscious as the steady increase in reading indicates.

If students can be persuaded that the reading of good books is both profitable and recreational, and if to educate means to enable students to continue reading forever after, then they must acquire the habit of reading while in school. But the human creature is so made that his actions are to a great extent the result of his contact with forces and influences which leave their impression on his living. Both the library staff and the teaching staff are ever on the alert to place a good book in the hands of a student, for they believe that true education is self*education, that education does not end with college, and that if students do not form the reading habit while in college, they will probably not read after they leave college, and hence, will miss all that reading means in the way of enjoyment, improvement, and continual growth of mind and understanding - whereas, a love for reading once acquired will be habitual. The instructors play a very important part in student reading. From the standpoint of the library, however, we have found that stack privileges and book displays arc a great influence in the use of books. Stack privileges, without restrictions, are given to seniors, juniors and sophomores; and, under direction and guidance, to fresh. men. This direction and guidance is an attcmpt to acquaint the fresh* men with the college library, the assumption being that once they have familiarized themselves with this "mine of the scholar's reT sources," they will later use it more intelligently. Displays lend convenient access to books and an opportunity to browse in leisure moments. New books and such that correlate with their class work and club project., books on seasonable subjects, all form a part of regular and attractive displays These act as stimuli. Both students and faculty respond most enthusiastically to them. There is no restriction as to the number of books that may be withdrawn by students or faculty. The faculty members are per, mitted to keep bmks for the length of time needed. The Library Staff Courses in Library Science Let every book-worm, when in any fragrant scarce old tome, he discovers a sentence, a story, and illustration It is a great art in the education of youth to find his that does heart good, hasten to give it. out peculiar a~titudes,or where none exist, to create - SAMUEL COLERIDGE inclinations which may serve as substitutes. - D. M. MOIR The library is administered by a competent and well-trained staff of three full.time members. They aim to cooperate with the instruc- In addition to giving regular service to the entire student body, tional staff, to aid instructors and students in every possible way to teachers, and a number of outsiders, the library staff offers courses facilitate the process of learning. They realize that to do this implies in library science. These courses are open to juniors and seniors and a knowledge of the aims of the college, and of the curriculum, an include such phases of library science as library technique and ad- understanding of the problems of teachers and students, and a will- ministration, book selection and history of the book, reference and ingness to cooperate. the making of a bibliography, and children's literature. The aim of They encourage the students to make frequent and "intelligent these courses is to aid the student in the appreciation and use of use of the library resources by means of initial lectures to freshmen, hks in any properly arranged library; to prepare the student to when their attention is drawn to the importance of the card catalog, assume the duties of an assistant in a library, or the prospective periodical indexes, and important reference 'hooky. This instruction, teacher to organize and supervise a school library, and to give the with the cooperation of the faculty, is latcr supplemented in the student a general idea of what is meant by librarianship as a pro- various classes, and further supplemented by individual assistance in fession. the library throughout thc school year by members of the library Thus the influence of the library has extended not only through staff. its service and through its regular borrowing clientele, but in a The present librarian, who came to the library in 1932, was with- special manner through these students of library science, a number out assistance, except for a short time given to the library every of whom are actively employed in public and school libraries. day by one assistant, until 1937, when a full-time assistant came and acted as cataloger. The introduction of N. Y. A. at that time also brought student assistants who relieved the librarians of much of the routine work, thus enabling them to spend more time on actual professional technique and in acquiring a better working knowledge of the library for more efficient szn~iceand student guidance. At the present time student assistants give approximately seventy-two hours a week to library service. The year 1939 brought the second fullstime trained assistant to the library.