2011 Esri UC Special Edition Compass Points

Esri • Summer 2011 GIS for Map, Chart, and Data Production and Spatial Data Infrastructure In This Issue

Swiss National Mapping Mapping/GEOINT Defense p2 Multinational Mapmaking in the Czech Agency Breaks New Ground in Republic Nautical p4 Geodata Products Naval Oceanographic Office Launches Enterprise Geospatial Data Services

Traditionally, the key task of national mapping infrastructure called TOPGIS. This system Carto Corner p7 agencies like swisstopo (the Swiss Federal is used to create, manage, and update the Extreme Cartography Office of Topography) has been the produc- new Topographic Landscape Model (TLM) of Aeronautical p8 tion of national map series. In recent years, Switzerland, as well as update a correspond- Spanish Airports and Aerial Navigation Improves Aeronautical Charting the need for digital topographic base data has ing digital terrain model (DTM). continued to increase because it is used to The TLM serves as the base landscape mod- Topographic p10 produce printed paper maps, as well as a va- el for Switzerland’s spatial data infrastructure SDI p12 riety of products, including digital multimedia and is a central dataset from which many prod- European Cadastres and National Mapping Agencies products, digital elevation models, and 3D city ucts can be derived. Every feature of the TLM models. For swisstopo, the increasing demand is stored in a geodatabase with better than ArcGIS for INSPIRE p16 for better, more up-to-date, and more diverse one-meter accuracy in all three dimensions. Remote Sensing/Imagery p18 digital data has meant that the generation and Using this process has a number of advantages Services Meet Management and Analysis Needs rapid updating of such products has taken on for swisstopo: processes are streamlined, the a high level of importance. time to market for products is reduced, data is Tech Talk p22 To create this new type of topographic data more accurate, and a 3D model is created. Big Benefits for Small Organizations products, swisstopo established a production continued on page 10 Esri Online p23

TOPGIS successfully marries GIS and digital photogrammetry, providing the infrastructure for the production of the TLM and DTM. (Images and maps courtesy of swisstopo, © 2009 swisstopo) Mapping/GEOINT Defense

Multinational Mapmaking in the Czech Republic A Database-centric Approach to Mapping Distant Territories

The Geographical Service (GeoS) of the Armed MGCP Derived Graphics (MDG), since 2007. military geographic applications. Esri Defense Forces of the Czech Republic has produced These maps resemble Topographic Line Mapping is used by 25 of the 28 participating high-quality national maps for the country for Maps at 1:50,000 scale (TLM50) and are used nations to help promote standardization of decades. This experience has led the organiza- to support international humanitarian and features and maps within the MGCP working tion to offer its services to the Multinational peacekeeping operations in these countries. group. This, coupled with the capabilities for Geospatial Co-Production Program (MGCP), A longtime user of Esri technology, the building and maintaining digital databases an international program that brings together Military Geographic and Hydrometeorological and producing high-quality cartography, 28 participating countries from all over the Office (MGHO) that serves as the executive led the organization to choose Esri Defense world to assist in data production for coun- body of GeoS chose ArcGIS, including Esri Mapping for its military mapping. As a result, tries where commercial satellite imagery is Defense Mapping, to produce the MDG maps. MGHO has built its own digital production usually the only data source. GeoS was looking for a system that would system based on the ArcGIS platform for the GeoS has been producing the maps, called provide a broad range of tools for various MDG production workflow.

GeoS produces maps for the Multinational Geospatial Co-Production Program, like this one for the country of Afghanistan.

2 Compass Points esri.com/maps Mapping/GEOINT Defense

Archive

Data Defense Final SHP & XML Extraction Postprocessing for IGW ArcGIS Mapping

Data Quality Capture Control A Simplified Workflow for Creating High-Quality Military Cartographic Products by GeoS

Sources Cartographic Tools Provide refinement tools, both automatic and semi- SAT images Sophisticated Symbology automatic, can be used, including rotation, Terrain Data Ancillary The cartographic tools in ArcGIS help GeoS visibility management, and shifting. create the correct symbology on the gener- Since the MGCP program does not provide ated map. Technically, two new attributes elevation data and delta features, other data A Workflow for Producing Maps Quickly must be added inside each feature class with sources must be exploited to fill gaps in the One of the typical operational requirements a cartographic representation definition: the map content. User-defined tools for processing coming from military and civilian data us- rule and the override. In general, a rule is rep- these sources have been established, such as ers is to quickly prepare the TLM50-like map resented by a symbol and its behavior, while an ArcGIS geoprocessing model for assembling for a distant territory. As most cartographers an override serves as a place to store excep- and successfully applying spot height genera- know, this task is quite complex. The source tions to the rule. Appropriate symbology rules tion. Digital Terrain Elevation Data level 2 was geospatial data must be obtained in the cor- have been defined for each feature class inside implemented to create contour lines, as well as rect format and a map created according to the MGCP database, and each feature is repre- shaded relief. This helps improve terrain por- the specifications, including properly applied sented by one rule. trayal and map readability. symbology. Cartographic noise, such as over- Rule matching for each feature is based on Esri software has been used successfully in lapping text on the map, must be deleted, and properly defined attribute combinations. This two editions of MDG and will continue to be surrounding elements need to be refined. database-driven approach to symbolization the technology of choice. Using the software Finally, the map needs to be published as ei- provides many advantages: Both the digital to create MDG data and maps helps GeoS cus- ther a printed or digital copy. All this must landscape model and the digital cartographic tomers receive rapid map output of the highest be finished and delivered in a specified time model can coexist in one dataset. Geometry quality. frame, which is usually short. edits of cartographic representations do not For more information, contact Radek Using ArcGIS, GeoS has a workflow that change the original feature geometry. Quick Wildmann at [email protected]; resolves several key issues when publishing symbology matching based on attribute com- Vladimir Kotlar at [email protected]; these maps in such a short time frame. Staff binations is achieved through a user-defined Lubos Belka at [email protected]; or are able to do several important tasks with Python script that has been compiled for Jan Soucek at [email protected], ARCDATA ease, including creating appropriate symbol- converting the landscape model into the Praha, s.r.o., Esri’s distributor in the Czech ogy sets and harmonizing them, providing cartographic model. The out-of-the-box Republic. administrative boundaries, and determining MGCP symbology supplied with Esri Defense appropriate map composition and finishing. Mapping enables quick and efficient carto- graphic production. Improved cartographic

esri.com/maps Compass Points 3 Nautical

Naval Oceanographic Office Launches Enterprise Geospatial Data Services Delivering Oceanographic Information to War Fighters and Civilians

The Naval Oceanographic Officeturn the data into tailored oceanographic, mation about specific areas of the world, (NAVOCEANO), based at the John C. Stennis hydrographic, bathymetric, geophysical, and NAVOCEANO decided it needed a modern Space Center in Mississippi, continually col- acoustic products and services. These in- service-oriented architecture (SOA)-based lects oceanographic data around the globe. clude bathymetric data for navigation; ocean system to speed delivery of data and products NAVOCEANO uses that data to produce a measurements; and forecast properties such to mariners and give them the best tools to wide variety of oceanographic products and as tides, salinity, temperatures, wave height, build custom products themselves. services for the United States Department of swell periods, current direction and speed, Examples of NAVOCEANO’s various prod- Defense (DoD), along with other US govern- optical visibility, mine detection, and acous- ucts and services include nautical charts, ment and international customers including tics. War fighters, researchers, homeland ocean temperature forecasts, ocean drift and civilian organizations. NAVOCEANO’s top pri- security organizations such as the US Coast surf forecasts, port approach maps, and ad- ority, however, is to provide the best available Guard, and many others, greatly depend on vanced geophysical and acoustic analyses. The oceanographic, coastal, and shoreline infor- these products and data to safely navigate organization realized that traditional meth- mation to US war fighters. vessels through ports and the open ocean and ods of delivering products and services using Oceanographers, cartographers, and geo- effectively plan their strategic, operational, HTML-based web pages either took too long graphic information system (GIS) professionals tactical, and humanitarian missions. or did not dynamically generate data detailed collect and analyze data from commercial and enough for a small area. US government remote-sensing satellites and The Challenge NAVOCEANO’s fleet of ships, seaborne buoys, Facing a rising tide of data and a growing The Solution gliders, and lidar-equipped aircraft. They then demand for dynamic, time-sensitive infor- NAVOCEANO contracted with Radiance

US Navy customers can generate coastal ocean model surface temperature via a customized web interface.

4 Compass Points esri.com/maps Nautical

Users can easily visualize bottom sediments data to aid in mine warfare missions.

Technologies, Inc., an Esri partner headquar- NAVOCEANO to run its complex ocean mod- The Results tered in Huntsville, Alabama, to develop els more often. Using these web services and The ArcGIS Server software-based NGDS is NAVOCEANO Geospatial Data Services interfaces, DoD warfighters, researchers, and hosted on both unclassified and classified (NGDS). The geospatial technology-based customers can customize the ocean model networks. It delivers oceanographic informa- enterprise SOA serves oceanographic data, output display by defining their area of inter- tion to NAVOCEANO production centers and models, and products quickly and provides est, selecting the desired ocean properties authorized organizations through the use of an easy-to-use interface for finding informa- by depth and time period, and generating a OGC web services. This gives NAVOCEANO tion and requesting advanced analysis. The product image. Using this interface, they can staff the ability to create, manage, and distrib- geospatial technology used was Esri’s ArcGIS. also download the image in various formats, ute GIS services over the web to support desk- The NGDS also manages workflow processes, including .png, .gif, animated .gif, or .kml. The top, mobile, and web mapping applications, enforces DoD metadata standards, and stores final output of ocean current direction vector something they previously could not do. An data in a centralized geodatabase. arrows overlaid on a surface temperature mod- added benefit of implementing an SOA based NAVOCEANO can now provide US Navy el image can then be incorporated into briefing on ArcGIS Server is that authorized users can coastal ocean models (NCOMs) on demand presentations or GIS technologies. obtain NAVOCEANO oceanographic data from through a customized web interface that ac- Using the NGDS secure web-based sys- the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’s cesses Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC), tem, war fighters and others can find and (NGA) Geospatial Visualization Services (GVS). Web Map Services (WMS). These services now retrieve this environmental data using OGC replace the generation of 15,000 soft-copy re- WMS, Web Feature Service (WFS), and Web gional NCOM maps daily. This saves valuable Coverage Service (WCS) clients such as Esri’s

high-performance computing time, allowing ArcGIS Explorer. continued on page 6

esri.com/maps Compass Points 5 Nautical continued from page 5 Naval Oceanographic Office Launches Enterprise Geospatial Data Services

Quick and easy tools in the viewer can be used to calculate and visualize global NCOM data.

NGDS Services Available Now • Ocean horizontal and vertical visibility The new NGDS disseminates more than 80 ser- • Acoustic performance surfaces Contact Information vices that include The NAVOCEANO Esri ArcGIS Server Jennifer Hailes, Program Manager • Deep ocean forecasts of temperature, sa- software-based NGDS system proved to be NAVOCEANO Geospatial Data linity, current direction and speed, and integral in planning the navigation routes Services sea surface height during the US government’s massive response Naval Oceanographic Office • Wave forecasts of significant wave height, to deliver aid to the victims of the earthquake 1002 Balch Boulevard mean wave direction, mean wave period, in Haiti in January 2010. NAVOCEANO pro- Stennis Space Center, MS 39522 peak wave period, and height (tides) duction teams tapped into their geospatial t 228-688-5682 [email protected] • Sea surface temperatures derived from databases to produce ingress/egress navigation satellites routes for US hospital and supply ships that Keith Jester, Assistant Vice President • Digital Bathymetric Database—Variable needed to deliver care and supplies to Haiti. Intelligence/Geospatial Systems resolution (DBDB-V) “It took four hours to produce one [naviga- Radiance Technologies • Bottom characteristics important for tion aid] product simply because the data was 1103 Balch Boulevard mine warfare such as sediments, seafloor already in the system,” said one production Stennis Space Center, MS 39529 t 228-688-3535 clutter, and bottom type manager. He simply had to pull out and reuse [email protected] Services currently being developed include existing data that was required for analysis • Nearshore ocean forecasts of tempera- and navigation planning. Without the system, ture, salinity, currents, and tides it would have taken one or two days to pro- • Derived acoustic properties from NCOM duce the same navigational aid product. • Ocean drift and surf forecasts

6 Compass Points esri.com/maps Carto Corner

Extreme Cartography World’s Largest Atlas Produced with ArcGIS

The world’s largest atlas made its debut at an to the local cartographers, since they know Illustrator then printed. Earth: Platinum appropriate venue—the Frankfurt Book Fair, both the physical and political data of their Edition uses a variety of projections through- the world’s largest trade fair for books, held regions the best.” out to present maps that are aesthetically each October in Germany. The atlas, created Production of the atlas started from scratch. pleasing. Working with such large maps pre- by Sydney, Australia, publisher Millennium Cartographers were given style sheets and sented many challenges, including trying to House and named Earth: Platinum Edition, instruction booklets for how to prepare the visualize and gain a perspective on how the measures 183 by 137 centimeters (6 x 4.5 feet), data. Detailed questionnaires were prepared design, style, and layout of the maps would weighs 120 kilograms (264 pounds), and sells to understand the data that was available in look through 22-inch monitors. for US$100,000. Only 31 copies will be pro- each area. Where possible, national mapping “In the past, the publishing and GIS worlds duced. The atlas contains 128 pages and more organizations (NMO) in each country were haven’t really understood each other,” explains than 45 images of the finest contemporary consulted. If an NMO did not exist, data was Demaj. “I’ve found through this process that maps, as well as images of famous landscapes, checked against satellite imagery. Any ques- GIS can be used to produce beautiful cartogra- and is considered an artistic showpiece: a time tions that surfaced, such as the placement phy and an extraordinary atlas. It’s as though capsule for collectors and institutions, includ- of political boundaries or correct location the GIS producers are listening to publishers ing museums and universities. The last time names, were brought to the attention of the lo- and we are finally meeting in the middle.” an atlas close to this size was published was in cal cartographer or academic organization for A smaller version, titled Earth Blue (610 x the seventeenth century. an unbiased decision. 469 millimeters, or 18 1/2 x 24 inches), is also With regard to the images, the quality and Demaj was able to bring the resultant map available and is on display in Esri’s corporate resolution demanded for a book of this size has sheets, including line work, point data, and headquarters. resulted in Millennium House sourcing some labels, together in a tiling process and merge For more information regarding the car- amazing images for the book. These images them all using ArcGIS. “This was the best sta- tography, contact Damien Demaj at ddemaj are created using the Gigapan process, which ble environment to use with such a massive @esri.com. For inquiries about Earth: stitches together many images (sometimes amount of data,” says Demaj. Platinum Edition, contact Millennium at info hundreds) to create one massive image. The atlas employed ArcGIS to not only pre- @millenniumhouse.com.au. A team of cartographers around the world pare the data but do the publishing as well. worked together to create the book. This pro- Maps were given only final touches in Adobe cess took two years from data collection to final production. Demap, one of Australia’s leading custom mapping service companies, spearheaded the effort. Working as the chief cartographic consultant, Damien Demaj, for- mer director of Demap, oversaw the collection and management of the data. Demaj was able to collect source map data from 60 collaborat- ing cartographers around the world and man- age it using ArcGIS. Many cartographers were found through their affiliations with local chapters of organi- zations such as the International Map Trade Association (IMTA) and the International Cartography Association (ICA). “Just as we go to a person who lives in a particular location for a recommendation about a great restau- rant in that place,” explains Demaj, “we went

esri.com/maps Compass Points 7 Aeronautical

Spanish Airports and Aerial Navigation Improves Aeronautical Charting

More than 190 million passengers pass for Aena’s AIS to deliver air navigation and quently very time-consuming. These tasks through airports in the country of Spain each safety-related data to pilots flying in Spanish make keeping up with the current map produc- year. Air transport in the country is managed airspace. Typically, more than 50 maps need tion cycle among the biggest challenges Aena by the Spanish Airports and Aerial Navigation to be updated every working week. A consider- faces. The organization is under constant pres- (Aena) Public Authority, headquartered in able amount of effort is spent on chart cleanup sure to ensure that all products are accurate Madrid, Spain. Aena’s mission is to guarantee and quality check operations. Sometimes and up-to-date using the diverse information safe, fluid, effective, and economic air travel. charts have to be delayed due to the lack of coming from various data originators. The Aeronautical Information Service (AIS) at time and resources. Due to international agreements, produc- Aena is in charge of disseminating the crucial Aeronautical charts change frequently. ing and distributing paper aeronautical charts aeronautical information that is necessary for Different aeronautical charts containing the is still necessary. However, there is a growing safe and efficient air navigation for the 47 air- same data must be provided to cover the needs demand for access to digital products, as well. ports across the state. This mission requires of different end users. These requirements Aena’s legacy systems required separate sys- Aena to publish several cartographic products. create editing tasks that are often highly tems for cartography and digital transmission Aena maintains 1,000 charts that are updat- repetitive and lengthy processes. Maintaining of data in the industry interchange standard ed every 28 days. These charts are published coherence between all the products is fre- for aeronautical information, Aeronautical

Sierra Hall

Aena relies on ArcGIS and Esri Aeronautical Solution to create environmental charts with detailed information for instrument flight.

8 Compass Points esri.com/maps Aeronautical

GRANADA/Federico García Lorca CARTA DE APROXIMACIÓN ELEV AD APP/TWR MIL 139.30 BADAJOZ/TALAVERA LA REAL Information Exchange Model (AIXM) format. CARTA DE LLEGADA NORMALIZADA APP 118.85 Granada - Jaén VISUAL / VAC - OACI TWR CIV 122.10 VUELO POR INSTRUMENTOS (STAR) - OACI TA 7000 TWR 118.85 RWY 09/27 608 LEBZ BLN1D MAR1D VIBAS1D VULPE1D 5°0'W 4°0'W Aena lacked a true central database that could BAILÉN LER86A LER86B R VOR/DME 112.60 859 FL245 BLN —FL—45—0 ————— 38º09'09''N MORANTE GND 5000 ft ALT A 003º37'30''W 540 m (N

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The system allows the design, production, Crucial aeronautical information needed for safe flights at 47 airports throughout Spain is managed by a and printing of high-quality charts to Aena geoenabled AIS. specifications, conforming to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards. lish maps and charts via the Internet without and usage. Aeronautical Solution has allowed These charts include detailed instrument ap- fear of users changing the data. This opens the high-quality cartographic products to be proach procedures, which are documents to door for a completely new range of products generated using more automation from the be followed by pilots for a particular type of and services, allowing an improved, more ef- central geodatabase. This improves the coher- approach to a runway. Prescribed altitudes ficient, and safer use of aeronautical informa- ence between products and allows Aena to and headings that are to be flown, as well as tion. Aena uses this ability to transition from create more and more tailored products that any obstacles, terrain, and potentially con- the product-centric services it provides today meet the specific needs of its clients. With the flicting airspace, are depicted. Standard to the data-centric services of tomorrow. ArcGIS system, Aena has gained the flexibility instrument departure charts can also be cre- The transition to GIS for data management needed to generate new cartographic products ated and provide flight crews with information and cartography was a major cultural shift for and deliver spatial services throughout the or- to facilitate their departures from airports. the organization. Despite this, Aena is already ganization. It is able to do this with the same En-route charts provide detailed information receiving benefits from its improved processes resources and is finding new commercial op- that is used for instrument flight and includes and workflows. For example, performing the portunities, creating a healthy business model. information on navigational fixes such as obstacle analysis used to produce some aero- For more information, contact Javier Fenoll waypoints, intersections, standard airways, nautical charts for the four runways at Madrid Rejas at [email protected]. airport locations, and minimum altitudes for Barajas Airport took only one day instead of flight. The system also supports interoperable the six it did before. messaging using AIXM. The ArcGIS geoprocessing tools and Publishing the data using ArcGIS Server in geodatabase-centric map production have a geodatabase makes it possible for Aena to automated tasks and improved workflows, use Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC), leading to reduced production hours and standard technologies, like Web Feature dramatically increasing cost-effectiveness Service (WFS), to provide the ability to pub- by improving the overall data management

esri.com/maps Compass Points 9 Topographic continued from page 1 Swiss National Mapping Agency Breaks New Ground in Geodata Products

TOPGIS Streamlines Data Production addressed. This means that each vertex of each Twenty-inch planar stereo screens are used TOPGIS is used to capture, update, and ad- object must have accurate z-values. for stereo viewing. The polarized left lens of the minister the TLM and DTM. The system was As the national base landscape model, the glasses blocks light from the top monitor, while created by ESRI Schweiz AG, a distributor of TLM is seamless and covers all of Switzerland. light from the lower monitor is blocked by the Esri’s products in Switzerland, and is based It consists of 10 thematic categories ranging right lens. This technology allows flicker-free entirely on ArcGIS, including desktop, server, from land cover to man-made objects and, once operation under any office’s ambient light. and mobile GIS components. Stereo photo- complete, will contain approximately 20 million Three-dimensional stereo mode is used grammetry is fully integrated through Stereo objects. These objects and all related informa- in many situations, such as when captur- Analyst for ArcGIS from ERDAS, Inc., which tion are stored in a geodatabase. Every vertex ing objects that form or shape the terrain, for gives swisstopo stereo collection capabilities of the TLM objects has x-, y-, and z-coordinates, example, waterways, roads, and railways; to inside the ArcGIS environment. so objects in the TLM can and should stay con- edit the DTM; and to capture the heights of ob- TOPGIS was designed to solve the chal- sistent with the DTM. Originally captured by a jects, such as roofs, electric poles, and bridges. lenges swisstopo faces in data production. lidar sensor, the DTM includes mass points and Although the TLM is 3D, not all objects are Workflows need to be addressed, because up breaklines and is photogrammetrically updated edited in stereo mode. This is because they “sit” to 50 users may be working on several delivery simultaneously with the updating of the TLM. on the terrain, so they assume their z-values versions of TLM in parallel. Operator produc- from the underlying DTM. Some examples in- tivity and system performance are crucial. 3D Data Capture clude hiking trails, land cover, and boundaries. Compared to the previous VECTOR25 land- The third dimension of the TLM is captured In TOPGIS, mono and stereo capture are scape model used at swisstopo, the operators either photogrammetrically based on high- seamlessly integrated. To change modes, the need to capture significantly more detailed resolution ADS40/ADS80 stereo imagery or, operator simply moves the cursor from the 3D data in a shorter amount of time. The pro- alternatively, by monoplotting using ortho- screen to the 2D screen or vice versa. All ob- duction of a primary 3D model must also be photos and the DTM. jects are always visible on both screens.

TLM Data Overlaid on an Orthophoto (© 2009 swisstopo)

10 Compass Points esri.com/maps Topographic

Parallel-Release Cycles of Products All relevant editing tools are available on from third parties is imported, such as road Are Possible a configurable toolbar for direct access. This authorities or national mapping agencies of Using the geodatabase allows swisstopo to toolbar can also be displayed as a pop-up neighboring countries, or when products are create and maintain multiple parallel-release menu at the current cursor position. A num- exported for customers. An individually de- cycles of the TLM. Within each release cycle, ber of specialized tools were developed, for veloped component called DataHub, based on the operators’ work is organized into work example, for automatically adjusting com- Esri partner Safe Software’s FME, is used to do units that define a perimeter within which a plex geometries to each other. import and export jobs. defined set of layers can be edited. Automated As the user selects which object to cap- The hardware and software infrastructure batch jobs reconcile the operators’ daily work ture next, TOPGIS automatically sets all the supporting the productivity of TOPGIS is de- with the release cycle during the night, which edit properties (e.g., snap settings, z-capture signed to ensure short response times even helps prevent uncontrolled growth of the data- rules, and default attributes) based on the with the large data volumes used. To ensure base state lineage tree. type of object behind the scenes. These set- availability, a DBMS failover mechanism is During the reconciliation step, conflicts may tings are predefined by an administrator and used. (Failover is the capability to switch be detected between the edits of different opera- loaded automatically depending on the ac- over automatically to a redundant standby tors. For example, a road object extending over tual context. The operator can override the database.) more than one work unit may have been edited by defaults if needed. In operation since 2008, TOPGIS success- several users. The system will first try to automat- A rule engine enforces a set of consistency fully marries GIS and digital photogrammetry, ically resolve conflicts. If automatic resolution is rules at each edit operation, helping the user providing the infrastructure for the pro- not possible, TOPGIS assigns the conflicts to a prevent errors while editing. The rule engine duction of the TLM and DTM. This modern work list that is subsequently checked and manu- is designed in a way that the user is not dis- infrastructure has a strong emphasis on pro- ally resolved by an administrator. tracted by any delay. ductivity and workflows, allowing swisstopo Periodically during data collection, and par- Because TOPGIS integrates desktop, to efficiently produce an up-to-date, primary ticularly when a release cycle is completed, a server, and mobile GIS, as well as digital 3D dataset designed to serve as the basis for a multilevel, rule-based quality assurance sys- photogrammetry, no data conversion steps variety of products—not just maps. tem ensures that a predefined level of quality are necessary to traverse system boundar- For more information, contact Martin Suter, is met. This modular, high-performance QA ies, as it used to be with previous solutions. ESRI Schweiz AG (e-mail: [email protected]). system was built especially for TOPGIS and in- Conversion is only necessary when data cludes 3D tests. One step in the TLM production chain is im- New Mapping and GIS Books proving and completing the TLM data in the field using ruggedized handheld Tablet PCs and Notes and Comments on the GPS receivers. The data is checked out from the Composition of Terrestrial and central database in the office and subsequently Celestial Maps edited in the field. Because Tablet PCs are used, Johann Heinrich Lambert (translated the full functionality of ArcGIS is available to the and introduced by Waldo R. Tobler) field topographer. The GUI differs only slightly from the office mono clients. Support for GPS Semiology of Graphics: Diagrams, Networks, Maps data capture and GPS postprocessing is sup- Jacques Bertin plied by the GPS Analyst for ArcGIS extension

from Esri partner Trimble Navigation Limited. Mapping the Nation: GIS for Federal Progress and Accountability Increased Productivity Esri To minimize the number of mouse clicks, mouse movements, and menu calls, special Find more titles at esri.com/esripress. tools and mechanisms were built.

esri.com/maps Compass Points 11 SDI

European Cadastres and National Mapping Agencies Underpinning Land Management and Sustainable Development

A traditional cadastre is an official record of and the registration of important assets or in- geographic information, particularly in the the dimensions and value of land parcels, used frastructure, such as utilities. context of sustainable development and better to record ownership and assist in calculating As the demands on Europe’s national map- land management. taxes. Today’s cadastre, however, has evolved ping and cadastral agencies (NMCAs) increase Esri’s GIS technology is the preferred plat- into a multipurpose land information system, and their role continues to broaden, the fun- form of many of Europe’s NMCAs. Cadastral as well as a foundational component of a na- damental importance and value of using GIS and land registration systems vary across tion’s spatial data infrastructure (SDI). In most also grows. GIS technology allows NMCAs Europe, reflecting different historical back- European countries, for example, the cadastre to not only run their core business national grounds, cultures, legal frameworks, and not only provides information about the own- cadastre effectively and efficiently but also organizational models. The following exam- ership and value of land but may also include integrate it with other themes of information ples show how Esri is supporting successful information on land use; legal restrictions; in the national SDI. In so doing, NMCAs can cadastral systems across Europe. regulations concerning how land can be used; meet many other requirements for land and

Green represents European cadastral and national mapping organizations using Esri technology.

12 Compass Points esri.com/maps SDI

Lithuania’s Cadastre, Valuation, and Address Management System Lithuania’s State Enterprise Centre of Registers (SECR) is responsible for the nation’s real property cadastre and register, address register, and register of legal entities. It also performs real estate valuation for taxation purposes. SECR uses Esri technology for com- puter-assisted mass appraisal and to update, manage, and distribute cadastral and real estate information for some 2 million land parcels, 700,000 buildings, and 500,000 engi- neering constructions and utilities. ports 700 checkouts for disconnected editing without paper cadastral files and manual data All of Lithuania’s real estate records and each day. input. The system also includes digital signa- cadastral data are integrated into one system. Providing access to the wealth of infor- tures, which are already used by notaries who The digital cadastral map contains a wealth mation managed by SECR is a critical and approve real estate deeds and other adminis- of information on administrative boundar- important task, as users—including private trative documents. ies of counties, municipalities, cities, and surveyors, banks, real estate agents, and citi- Further operational efficiencies are being settlements; centerlines of streets and roads; zens in general—demand more and better realized through the Address Register applica- cadastre units and blocks, land parcel bound- land information services. SECR has taken tion, implemented using ArcGIS Server—Java, aries, and reference point coordinates; advantage of ArcGIS Server technology to which allows municipalities to update address centroids for buildings and addresses; cen- support a number of applications, from data, along with coordinates, directly to the terlines of engineering utilities; valuation browsing and viewing data to updating and central address database. zones of real properties; topography; and integrating new data in its central registers. ArcGIS is also an important component orthoimagery. A cadastral maps web application allows of SECR’s mass appraisal system, supporting Prior to registration in the real property ca- users to obtain information on real property taxation of real property. Because the sys- dastre and register, SECR’s 11 branch offices cadastre and register data, property address- tem is GIS driven, it is possible to compute use the KADAGIS cadastre GIS application es, and valuation zones by searching by unique property values using a range of different to remotely update the cadastral map. Using identifier, address, or geographic location. characteristics, such as valuation zones, land ArcGIS and the .NET Framework, KADAGIS Private surveyors can also use the application use, area, year of construction, and building has more than 50 user-friendly functions that to upload new cadastral (parcel) surveys in a materials used. Tax formulas can be auto- efficiently control and speed up operations, variety of formats and compare them with ex- matically applied and computed, and periodic such as data entry, editing, quality control, isting registered parcels to ensure that parcel revisions due to changes in law or tax fees can and updating of the central cadastral data- boundaries are correct. be easily accommodated. Through the ap- base. Updated cadastral parcel boundaries SECR has also launched a lightweight plication of GIS technology, SECR is able to are entered from either coordinates or vector- web browser application that allows private largely automate the process, minimizing hu- ization of scanned and georeferenced maps. surveyors and SECR staff to enter new data man intervention, saving time and costs, and Parcel areas and distances between boundary directly into the central cadastre database. ensuring repeatable and reliable results. vertices are automatically checked. Additional This ArcGIS Server application eliminates attribute information is either entered manu- the need for a desktop application to produce Sweden’s Automated Cadastral Workflow ally, such as survey type and name of surveyor, cadastral survey documentation. With just a Lantmäteriet is responsible for Sweden’s ca- or generated automatically, such as cadastral web browser and a variety of editing tools on dastral services, managing information for unit and block codes, municipality code, and the web, a surveyor or SECR staff member is approximately 3.2 million properties. The parcel centroid coordinates. The system sup- able to submit cadastral data electronically continued on page 14

esri.com/maps Compass Points 13 SDI continued from page 13 European Cadastres and National Mapping Agencies

Swedish cadastral system is well regarded worldwide for its effective land legislation and administration. Since the late 1990s, ArcGIS has been an important component of the over- all system. It supports many aspects of land administration in Sweden, including survey- ing and mapping; real property formation; production of cadastral maps; public utilities mapping; property valuation and tax assess- ment; and national, regional, and local planning. Through the implementation of ArcGIS software with other technologies, such as GPS, and new working methods, Lantmäteriet has been able to improve the efficiency of its ca- dastral procedures. These efficiency gains have Lithuania’s State Enterprise Centre of Registers relies on its ArcGIS software-based KADAGIS. The system been partly realized through better workflow features more than 50 user-friendly functions that speed up operations, quality control, and data entry into the and job management. Using GIS, the system cadastral database. ensures that legally defined procedures are and is validated among other controls with In 2003, FPS Finance began implement- followed in a unified production line. Users the topology rules built into the GIS data- ing a new cadastral system called CadMAP. are taken through each stage of the process, base environment. In parallel with building The purpose of CadMAP was to migrate from from fieldwork and computation through data up the new case handling system, an ongoing old analog cadastral map sheets to a digital processing and documentation to the final project at Lantmäteriet stores and delivers cadastral map files system, supporting the storage of the data. Commands from a job are object-oriented land and property informa- update and management of the vector cadas- automatically stored to be available the next tion in a central database. The new cadastral tre map files and improving the quality of the time the job is opened. case handling system will, along with other cadastral maps. Recently, Lantmäteriet initiated a new registration systems, deliver changes to and To meet these goals, ArcGIS was deployed project to deliver further efficiency through retrieve them from the central database. in FPS Finance’s central office, as well as the implementation of a new case handling Once the new system is in full-scale produc- 10 provincial cadastre offices and 300 local system that brings all property information tion, it is anticipated that process times will survey offices. FPS Finance set up a web soft- together—both text registers and cadastral be reduced by 20 to 30 percent and that main- ware solution using ArcGIS to give users index maps—into an integrated GIS. The goal tenance costs for the more integrated system intranet access to digital cadastral maps in- is to create an efficient cadastral procedure will be lower. side the new centralized file management with which most customers can create their system. own cases (subdivisions) and automatically Belgium’s National Cadastre Supports With a customized GIS application at their validate them against the property formation E-government fingertips, staff at local offices can now create rules stored in a GIS database. The national cadastral system of Belgium is and update local cadastral plans and submit This new cadastral case handling system maintained by the Patrimony Documentation them to the provincial offices. Concurrently, is part of a service-oriented architecture, Department inside Federal Public Service provincial offices can use a customized in- whereby more general systems (e.g., financial (FPS) Finance. It contains the records of the terface to make extensive modifications and and document systems) are connected. A cen- country’s 9.4 million land parcels and 1 million quality enhancements to the plans submitted by tral component of the system is the process registered strata or condominium units. Its ca- local offices. Meanwhile, the central office uses engine, which has the ability to hold a cadas- dastre was initiated more than 200 years ago its own customized interfaces for official cadas- tral case together throughout the process. The during the French Revolution, when Belgium’s tral extraction and cadastral sheet printing. GIS solution is based on ArcGIS. The data in land tax and the general cadastre procedures Attributes and layers in CadMAP include the GIS database comes from different sources for governing land information were created. cadastral boundaries, parcel numbers, build-

14 Compass Points esri.com/maps SDI

ings, administrative boundaries, streets, rivers, isters are the responsibility of two different Subsequently, this agency initiated a joint bridges, parcel monuments, and municipal- organizations—the Agency of Geodesy, project with the Registers Agency to imple- ity monuments. Managing a database with Cartography, and Cadastre and the Registers ment a new integrated cadastre and property 39,000 cadastre map sheets, 200,000 changes Agency. In some European countries, the two register system. The new system combines the per year, and several hundred users was a responsibilities are combined within a single cadastral parcel data with the ownership and challenge, but CadMAP was successful, and agency, but in Bulgaria, a different organiza- legal information for each property within one FPS Finance migrated from the old paper tional approach is taken. The two functions database at the central level while allowing management to the new digital system while continue under different administrations, but distributed updating from the local cadastre updating and continually enhancing the qual- through the implementation of an integrated and registry offices. ity of the cadastral data. information system for the cadastre and prop- This partnership approach has delivered Following the success of CadMAP, FPS erty registers, the two agencies are able to a number of cost efficiencies and other more Finance launched the second phase of the realize many of the benefits of having a unified qualitative benefits. For example, all users now project. This extension to CadMAP involved agency. have access to the same land and property in- migration from the desktop file system of In 2003, the Agency of Geodesy, formation, and all can be confident that they separate map sheets to an ArcGIS geodata- Cartography, and Cadastre selected ArcGIS are working with the latest version of the data. base with extended web solutions, providing technology for its cadastral information The new integrated system is now of great im- improved access for existing intranet users system and implemented the solution in its portance to many GIS developments and users and wider access over the Internet for external central and 28 regional offices. The system within Bulgaria and is laying the groundwork users, such as notaries, surveyors, and the citi- supports all aspects of the cadastral workflow, for much greater cooperation between public zens of Belgium. from data input (from CAD files) through data administration and private business. management, visualization, and extraction For more information, contact Nick Land, Bulgaria’s Unified Information System of statutory documents in either hard or soft Esri (e-mail: [email protected]). of the Cadastre and Property Register copy to ongoing maintenance of the cadastral In Bulgaria, the cadastre and property reg- data, including the full history of changes.

Bulgaria’s CadMAP system contains data on 9.4 million land parcels.

esri.com/maps Compass Points 15 SDI

ArcGIS for INSPIRE New Software Portal Supports Compliance, Data Sharing, and Discovery

GIS is valuable to government and is used To support this community, Esri has adapt- to apply it to their own needs. Specifications extensively in many integrated applications, ed the ArcGIS system to provide a common for data publishing can be complex, and there such as natural resources, land management, platform for GIS applications throughout any are strict conformance requirements. ArcGIS law enforcement, and economic recovery. European organization. This solution, ArcGIS for INSPIRE helps organizations more easily Government is evolving to adapt to new tech- for INSPIRE, extends ArcGIS and provides and quickly comply with INSPIRE. nology changes, and more and more services discovery, view, and download services for INSPIRE is very diverse, covering data, are focused on web and mobile applications. INSPIRE-compliant data, as well as the ability metadata, and discovery of the data, as well as New media, such as real-time data, social net- to create metadata and data models for those access, sharing, monitoring, and reporting. works, mashups, and Web 2.0, are speeding who need it. Data themes can be open-ended depending up this change. Those who are ready embrace on the needs of those who create the data. EU these changes and see new opportunities. Sharing Geospatial Data across Europe member nations are required to have metada- One change emerging in this new informa- ArcGIS for INSPIRE helps EU member nations ta and discovery views of their data according tion society is the Infrastructure for Spatial share harmonized geospatial data across to INSPIRE regulations by the end of 2011. The Information in Europe (INSPIRE), the legal Europe. Sharing can take place between coun- next milestones in the INSPIRE implemen- framework created to guide Europe’s spatial tries, at various levels of government, and tation road map include the download and data infrastructure. INSPIRE addresses pan- in the private and research sectors. The eco- transformation of data, as well as the ability to European issues surrounding standardized nomic benefits of creating data once, sharing create INSPIRE-compliant Annex I data. The data models, services, and metadata that need it, and using it multiple times are exponential INSPIRE Directive addresses 34 spatial data to be resolved to create a geospatial platform and can be done easily through collaboration themes needed for environmental applica- that supports a large community of users and mashups available via modern technol- tions. These themes are subdivided into three and applications. Essentially, it will provide a ogy. ArcGIS for INSPIRE upholds the vision annexes for the directive. Down the road, the road map to authoritative datasets, geospatial of INSPIRE not as an isolated activity but as ability to continue supporting new iterations services, catalogs outlining content, an appli- a baseline that supports the geospatial en- of data (e.g., Annex II and III data) will be re- cation program interface (API) for developers abling of a variety of domains. Using ArcGIS quired for INSPIRE compliance. ArcGIS for to create value-added applications, and core for INSPIRE, data can be available when it is INSPIRE provides a GIS foundation for the geospatial applications that can be used needed in an interoperable manner. This helps INSPIRE platform, evolving to continue to throughout Europe. streamline decision-making processes and al- meet requirements, that can support the en- Through the INSPIRE framework, European lows organizations to react helpfully to situa- tire supply chain, from data providers to con- Union (EU) member nations hope to better tions where it is needed, such as environmen- sumers. Taking the complexity out of INSPIRE address issues and challenges they face in tal emergencies. For example, the European compliance means that more business needs the environment, through climate change, Environmental Agency (EEA) is able to share can be met as extensible INSPIRE-compliant in maintaining the health and safety of their data, as well as reports, as it provides infor- solutions are delivered. populations, with transportation issues, and mation that supports policy making across more. The ability to create these new solu- Europe. Such reports as EEA’s “Mapping the Helping European Organizations Become tions through this framework will be open to Impacts of Natural Hazards and Technological INSPIRE Compliant everyone: government, data infrastructure de- Accidents in Europe” address hazards and of- ArcGIS for INSPIRE meets the core require- velopers, the research community, application fer explanations as to why they occur based on ments of INSPIRE, including developers, data infrastructure innovators, research. Researchers and others can in turn • Managing and publishing INSPIRE- and the general public. INSPIRE aims to inte- take this data and do their own research for a compliant data grate all levels of government by supporting more intimate look at regional challenges. • Managing INSPIRE-compliant metadata open access, collaboration, and harmoniza- While exciting, INSPIRE compliance can • Transforming existing data into tion and is the core pillar of the European also be challenging. Data owners must publish INSPIRE-compliant data geospatial information society driving the their data, and member nations are responsi- • Providing INSPIRE-compliant view adoption of geospatial data. ble for organizing their data so others are able services

16 Compass Points esri.com/maps SDI

Flex Viewer Consuming an INSPIRE View Service Displaying INSPIRE Data (This product includes intellectual property from European national mapping and cadastral agencies and is licensed on behalf of these by EuroGeographics.)

• Providing INSPIRE-compliant discovery customize web applications that consume is straightforward as well. Using multiple dis- services INSPIRE services. covery services, ArcGIS for INSPIRE supports • Consuming INSPIRE-compliant geospa- ArcGIS for INSPIRE also facilitates data harvesting or federated searches. These dis- tial data and services sharing. Existing information from stor- covery services are part of the software and ArcGIS for INSPIRE is an extension to age systems can be integrated into business include an open source geoportal solution. ArcGIS software. ArcGIS for INSPIRE includes processes and transformed into INSPIRE- Rich desktop and web-based editors support INSPIRE data models and allows organiza- compliant data by using ArcGIS for INSPIRE INSPIRE metadata. Discovery service client tions to manage INSPIRE data, metadata, and data models and web services in a data reposi- add-ons and widgets included in the software web services in the ArcGIS Desktop environ- tory for spatial datasets optimized for INSPIRE connect producers and users throughout ment. ArcGIS Server includes INSPIRE view data specifications. This INSPIRE-compliant Europe. ArcGIS for INSPIRE also consumes and download services, a geoportal solution, data can then be delivered via INSPIRE net- INSPIRE services by allowing users to view and INSPIRE discovery services and provides a work services through what is, in essence, a INSPIRE services in ArcMap and various web means to manage INSPIRE metadata. ArcGIS European spatial data infrastructure. clients. Server client APIs are available to create and Discovering data using ArcGIS for INSPIRE

esri.com/maps Compass Points 17 Remote Sensing/Imagery

Services Meet Management and Analysis Needs Furnishing Raster Data for Projects Large and Small

The University of Montana supplies raster Inc., Web Mapping Service (WMS) or Web document, assess, and compare the physical services for a variety of projects on platforms Coverage Service (WCS) formats to other user complexity of large salmon rivers across the ranging from desktop computers to web communities without duplicating the source North Pacific Rim. The two main components browsers and mobile devices. Users access the or the service. of this hydrological GIS analysis are satellite university’s raster data from locations across The ability to serve large raster datasets in multispectral imagery and digital elevation Montana and as far away as Alaska; British a virtual environment using the mosaic data- models. The data includes seamless mosa- Columbia, Canada; and Kamchatka in the set framework is one of the most important ics of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imag- Russian Federation. aspects of the ArcGIS Server 10 Image exten- ery and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission As part of a growing need for geospatial sion. The University of Montana has taken full (SRTM)-based digital elevation data that cov- products, it has become critical to serve ras- advantage of the capabilities of this extension. er the entire domain and DigitalGlobe’s nested ter data in a timely and accurate manner. It adopted this virtual platform because it of- finer-scale QuickBird multispectral satellite However, interacting with raster sources that fered scalability and ease of maintenance. imagery of regional floodplain observatory vary in format, bands, data type, resolution, When developing imagery services on this sites distributed throughout the region. and extent can be challenging. In delivering virtual platform, it was easy to transition from The RAP system includes a North Pacific raster products, it is also important to access the development to the production stage and Rim domain that encompasses major North raw raster values, not just a scaled-down rep- meet the raster data needs of projects not only Pacific watersheds of the western United resentation or image of the data. By adopting on the local campus but also forest manage- States and Alaska; British Columbia and ArcGIS Server 10 with the Image extension, ment projects and projects carried out on a Yukon, Canada; and the Kamchatka Peninsula the university was able to meet these chal- subglobal scale. in the Russian Federation. lenges. The ArcGIS Server Image extension The project objectives require seamlessly not only serves raster data to end users with Assisting Salmon Conservation serving imagery and raster data for this vast ArcGIS capabilities but can also serve ras- The Riverscape Analysis Project (RAP) pro- geographic area to both internal and external ter data in Open Geospatial Consortium, vides a comprehensive geospatial database to clients. This data also must be served at two scales: the North Pacific Rim scale (Landsat TM and SRTM DEM data) and the floodplain scale (QuickBird data). The ArcGIS Server Image extension and the integration of the mosaic dataset let RAP view and analyze these image services. Specific examples include pro- viding imagery and raster data for basemaps, watershed and floodplain data analysis, and time series analysis. The RAP system uses a web-based GIS deci- sion support system (DSS) based on the ArcGIS Server 10 framework to serve this extensive geospatial database to a broad user commu- nity. The DSS provides end users with a system for conducting real-time analyses and compar- ing watershed, riverine, and landscape features across the North Pacific Rim that is designed to assist in wild salmon conservation. RAP DSS can create interactive ranking maps of freshwater physical habitats and salm- A workflow of raw data files to mosaic dataset to service does not replicate the disk storage of the raw files. on production potential. These ranking maps,

18 Compass Points esri.com/maps Remote Sensing/Imagery

based on a set of physical metrics derived from the satellite imagery, digital terrain, and other ancillary geospatial data, describe watershed, floodplain, inland water body, and river chan- nel complexity. RAP DSS also provides tools that allow dynamic database queries and re- trieval of geospatial, raster, and tabular data from the RAP database through ArcGIS Server geoprocessing tools utilizing ArcGIS Server Image extension basemaps. It also provides imagery viewers using ArcGIS Viewer for Flex applications that display Landsat basemaps, floodplain QuickBird scenes, airborne imag- ery, and QuickBird time series.

Interactive DSS Tool The Subwatershed Delineation Tool is one of the main interactive features of the RAP DSS. This Python-based ArcGIS Server geopro- cessing tool allows end users to dynamically delineate subwatersheds anywhere in the North Pacific Rim domain. The use of server- side geoprocessing allows simultaneous user inputs through a web browser interface that takes advantage of a multicore virtual server architecture. This tool requires an image basemap so the user can accurately pinpoint the mouth of a given subwatershed. A Landsat TM

near-infrared band image mosaic basemap This inventory map for the State of Montana Arboretum on the University of Montana campus integrates a served through ArcGIS Server fulfills this high-resolution image service with a campus basemap service. need. This tool allows individuals to interact with the RAP DSS from a remote device in channel complexity, and land-cover change. data layers for the nation. In addition to these, the field where there may be limited Internet RAP DSS, with its underlying geospatial data the State of Montana designated 6 other layers. connectivity and effectively access the RAP and the ArcGIS software framework, is flex- Two of these framework layers, elevation hydrological database, conduct fine-scale ible, modular, and designed to evolve as new and orthoimagery, are raster dataset products. analyses, and inform on-the-spot data collec- data is acquired and user needs change. ArcGIS Server 10 with the Image extension is tion or management decisions. the preferred mechanism for delivering this The RAP system includes a diverse user Delivering Framework Layers content to users. The University of Montana, group drawn from national and state agencies, Montana Spatial Data Infrastructure (MSDI) which distributes and utilizes elevation and universities, foreign institutions, researcher efforts are directed at advancing 13 statewide imagery products, often prototypes deploy- organizations, and corporations that have framework layers. The federal government, in ment strategies in advance of enterprise found the imagery services of the RAP helpful cooperation with other government and private deployments throughout Montana. in identifying habitats, channel morphology, sectors, has identified 7 geospatial framework continued on page 20

esri.com/maps Compass Points 19 Remote Sensing/Imagery continued from page 19 Services Meet Management and Analysis Needs

These services are built from tradition- capacity. The university utilizes the services ArcGIS Desktop and other geoprocessing al sources, such as the National Elevation architecture of ArcGIS Server to minimize tools, users can manipulate the raw raster Dataset (NED) raster dataset and National data duplication while still meeting the ana- values served through ArcGIS Server as if the Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery. lytic and display needs of users. From a storage data resided locally. Using the tools in the However, the University of Montana also uti- management perspective, the ArcGIS 10 envi- Image Analysis window to create a subset of lizes many other raster data sources. Montana ronment offers the ability to move effortlessly data from a service is far more intuitive than strives to develop the best framework product from raw raster files to a mosaic dataset to working with the complex processes associat- and make that product easy to obtain. The an image service with no duplication of files. ed with handling raw image files. Users aren’t University of Montana often collaborates with It requires little overhead to deliver seamless constrained; their analytic or display needs other entities in the state on strategies for op- statewide raster products. Using the mosaic can be met using these raster-based services. timizing the utilization of software products dataset, generalized overviews at varying The ability to develop new services by inte- like the ArcGIS Server Image extension. This scales can be generated from a collection grating existing services is an important aspect collaboration often extends to neighboring of raster files and served using the ArcGIS of this service-based architecture. Alternative organizations such as Inside Idaho, Idaho’s Server 10 Image extension. This provides a outputs are derived in real time from the same geospatial data clearinghouse, which also em- visual presentation of the full extent of the source. Slope, aspect, hillshade, and topo- ploys ArcGIS Server for delivering services. source data while still making raw values graphic convergence services can be derived Statewide or regional raster dataset prod- available for analysis or query. from a single elevation service without dupli- ucts typically require extensive storage Through the Image Analysis window in cating data. This concept of reference mosaic

This inventory map for the State of Montana Arboretum on the University of Montana campus integrates a high-resolution image service with a campus basemap service.

20 Compass Points esri.com/maps Remote Sensing/Imagery

datasets extends to combining a hillshade ser- vice with a simple basemap service to create a topographic basemap service. This service of services approach is not only highly efficient, it retains the workflow. If one of the components in the workflow is enhanced, all downstream components immediately benefit from that enhancement without having to be re-created. Image services published through the ArcGIS Server Image extension are also a recognized data type within the mosaic dataset. The University of Montana also hosts the Montana Climate Office, which is pursuing the delivery of statewide climate products. Time is a component of climate, and the ArcGIS 10 environment supports time at both the desk- top and server levels. Delivering raster-based The Lubrecht Experimental Forest is a 28,000-acre operational and research forest dedicated to the advancement of natural resource knowledge through research and education. time series climate data gives the end user the capability to query the service based on time. imagery outside the extent of the City of a richer experience to end users who operate The Montana Climate Office is anticipating the Missoula imagery. From the user perspective, under a wide variety of conditions and enables production of statewide climate products on a this provides a seamless visual context and a foundation of services that can be leveraged daily basis. Meeting user expectations would be leverages high-resolution or higher-quality as new needs arise. extremely difficult without time-enabled raster imagery where it exists. In the near future, this services provided through the ArcGIS Server same foundation will support delivery to mo- About the Authors Image extension and the efficiency of ArcGIS bile devices and even virtual tours of the State Michael D. Sweet is a research and informa- Desktop products in utilizing those services. Arboretum. tion systems specialist at the University of The University of Montana also hosts the Montana. He is a GIS analyst and principal Support for Smaller Projects Lubrecht Experimental Forest, a 28,000-acre architect of geographic information server The deployment of raster services does not operational and research forest. This loca- applications for the College of Forestry and always have to be large in extent or complex. tion has limited Internet connectivity, so the Conservation. Sweet is also an analyst for the The University of Montana also hosts the State ability to provide offline access to cached im- Montana Climate Office, where his current re- Arboretum on the Missoula campus. The ar- agery is an important consideration for field search interests include the efficient delivery of boretum uses the City of Missoula’s 4-inch operations. Even more important is the ability time-series climate data for decision support. resolution imagery, as well as historic imagery, to deliver operational information via services John Lucotch is a research associate in GIS to document change over time. hosted on the main campus. An extensive lidar and geospatial analysis at the University of Correctly configuring image services for research effort produced high-resolution ras- Montana. He is currently overseeing adminis- even small raster collections can boost deliv- ter datasets for ground surface, canopy cover, tration of ArcGIS Server for the Flathead Lake ery performance for end users. Through image and canopy height. These high-resolution Biological Station and the Riverscape Analysis services, imagery can be provided to other datasets can be delivered to remote operations Project. His research includes the development campus users in other domains without giving even though both Internet and intranet con- of Python ArcGIS geoprocessing applications them direct access to source files. In addition, nectivity is less than ideal. and web mapping applications for web-based the same mosaic dataset used as input to an The use of ArcGIS offers a software environ- GIS decision support systems. image service can also be used as input to a ment that reduces the overhead in delivery The Riverscape Analysis Project can be map service. This provides the foundation for of raster datasets that vary in format, bands, found online at rap.ntsg.umt.edu. delivering services that merge lower-resolution data type, resolution, and extent. It provides

esri.com/maps Compass Points 21 Tech Talk

Big Benefits for Small Organizations Automating Map Production Saves Time and Money

Adopting workflows that standardize and au- land developers, real estate professionals, and TheAddress Map Book, a sophisticated map tomate the creation of cartographic outputs outdoor enthusiasts, the city wanted to pro- series product, is now created by the GIS staff from a GIS benefit not only large enterprises duce the book more quickly and easily. in two days instead of three or more weeks us- that create thousands of map products but also The city has been using Esri GIS since ing the city’s GIS. There is no need for duplicate smaller organizations that regularly create 1995. Mesquite began using Esri Production CAD or other legacy files, so these files can map books, atlases, or other cartographic prod- Mapping in 2008 to create the Address Map now be archived and removed from the server, ucts for both internal and external customers. Book because it offered the cartographic func- which promotes more efficient server manage- Mesquite, Nevada, a city with a population tionality not available in CAD. This included ment and file organization structure. of slightly more than 21,000, found cost savings selecting features in the area of interest for With Production Mapping, map book tem- by implementing ArcGIS and Esri Production each map page, dynamically placing text on the plates can be easily modified to serve the Mapping. The city first published its Address map page, and producing dynamic inset maps specific needs of the police, fire, and pub- Map Book in 1996 in CAD format. Although the for each page. Using Production Mapping, lic works departments. The city has been Address Map Book was appreciated by end us- the city could create the three-section able to partially offset its annual software ers, producing it was extremely labor intensive. Address Map Book illustrated with basic maintenance costs by charging a modest Each year, the map book took three weeks or reference graphics and tables for each city fee for printed or digital deliverables. Nearly more to complete. Because it had become the grid tile and detailed graphics for the city’s 300 printed copies of the Address Map Book standard reference guide for local utilities, 145 subdivisions. were requested during 2009, and the city made digital copies available in 2010. Delivering quality products is increasing the recognition for the GIS program. Using Esri Production Mapping has resulted in significant time sav- ings for Mesquite.

GIS staff in Mesquite, When creating map products is a central Nevada, now create a service provided to an organization, it is im- sophisticated map series product in two days portant that the software used to create those instead of three map products fits in with the information (or more) weeks. technology department. Esri’s ArcGIS plat- form with Production Mapping is based on accepted standards, which ensures a high level of interoperability across platforms, databases, development languages, and applications. The county of San Mateo, California’s Information Services Department (ISD) as- sists approximately 20 departments within the county. San Mateo County GIS, a group in ISD, maintains accurate geographic data that

Instead of visiting the is used by county employees. county offices of San County GIS produces map atlases that Mateo, residents can download county maps as have two predefined scales based on a grid PDFs from the website. system. Each map atlas contains between 40 and 160 map sheets. The map products in- clude 1:800-scale basemaps, 1:400-scale aerial maps, and 1:400-scale contour maps. Until the 1990s, these map products were created using

22 Compass Points esri.com/maps Tech Talk Esri Online Listen to New Podcasts Visit esri.com/podcasts to hear the latest Speaker and Instructional Series podcasts.

non-GIS technology purchased at the county Become a Fan office. Although the county adopted enter- Join thousands of others from around the world in an online community on Facebook and prise GIS in the early 2000s, large-scale map Twitter. atlas production was not standardized and re- mained a cumbersome process that required Check out these Facebook pages: staff to build and maintain several workspac- • Esri es for each map product. • Esri UC The county decided to move to a web-based • Official Esri Developer Network system but wanted to have a standardized • Esri Developer Network map product first. County GIS engineers eval- • Esri Press uated Production Line Tool Set (now known as • GIS Day Esri Production Mapping). The user interface for generating map atlases was more intui- Follow Esri and participate in conversations on Twitter with these hashtags: tive than the map plotting utilities previously • #Esri, #Esriuc, #Esrimobile, #ArcGIS used. With Esri Production Mapping, map Follow Mark Cygan, Esri industry manager for map, chart, and data production and SDI, products were standardized and their pro- at @Mark_Cygan_Maps. duction streamlined. The county now builds Follow Steve Snow, Esri industry specialist for map, chart, and data production and SDI, a workspace for one map product and reuses at @steve_snow_. the information for the others. A single layout Follow Compass Points newsletter editor and team writer Karen Richardson at @mudmo. can be used as a template to batch generate Follow the map, chart, and data production and SDI industry team at @EsriMAPS. multiple maps rather than manually creating individual layouts—a significant time savings. Fall Lineup on Esri TV County GIS now provides its map prod- Tune in to the latest videos, such as Make a Map in ArcGIS.com, by visiting youtube.com ucts over its website, www.co.sanmateo.ca.us /esritv. /portal/site/gis. The products are updated on a semiannual basis. Instead of visiting a coun- Find Resources ty office, people who want county maps can Visit resources.esri.com to find the information you need including help documentation, download PDFs from the website and print tutorials, videos, ArcGIS templates, models, and scripts. them. Esri Production Mapping helps organiza- Attend a Free Online Training Seminar tions of any size create map products rang- Live training seminars bring the GIS instruction you need to your desktop. Technical ex- ing from map books to advanced high-end perts lead these hour-long sessions, which are streamed live. Should you miss the interac- cartography in a shared work environment tive presentation, you can access the recording online. Visit training.esri.com for more that improves the quality and value of both information. geospatial data and cartographic products. Database-driven cartographic produc- Compass Points E-newsletter tion—automating maps and charts based on Compass Points is also a quarterly e-newsletter that provides information for GIS users the information stored in the GIS—makes working in national mapping and charting, SDI, and cartography. To subscribe, e-mail Production Mapping a powerful tool for [email protected]. achieving cost savings by managing and publishing accurate data and cartographic products more efficiently. For more informa- tion, visit esri.com/productionmapping or e-mail [email protected].

esri.com/maps Compass Points 23 Compass Points is a publication of Advertise with Us the Map, Chart, and Data Production and E-mail [email protected]. Spatial Data Infrastructure Group of Esri. Submit Content To submit articles for publication in Compass Points, contact Karen Richardson, editor, To contact the Esri Desktop Order Center, at [email protected]. call Manage Your Subscription 1-800-447-9778 To update your mailing address or subscribe or unsubscribe to Esri publications, within the United States visit esri.com/manageyoursubscription. or International customers should contact an Esri distributor to manage their subscriptions. 909-793-2853, ext. 1-1235, For a directory of distributors, visit esri.com/distributors. outside the United States. Circulation Services For back issues, missed issues, and other circulation services, e-mail [email protected]; Visit the Esri website at esri.com. call 909-793-2853, extension 2778; or fax 909-798-0560.

Esri Contacts Mark Cygan Steve Snow Map, Chart, and Data Production Industry Manager Map, Chart, and Data Production Industry Specialist E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

Elianne Lozano Map, Chart, and Data Production Industry Coordinator E-mail: [email protected]

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