Ir-

^t THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIEIIICE

JANUARY- I\{ARCH 1992 ISSN 0031-7683 Vol.121No.l

A MARKET SURVEYOFSNAPPERS (GENUS ) $'ROM PANAYAND PAI-AWANWATERS RONALDM.T CHEONG.WENRNSTIG. GALI,ARDO and JOEBERTD.TOLEDO SEAFDECI,Iloilo City,Phitippines

ABSTRACT

Thifteenspecies of snappers(genus Lutjanusl were identified and sourcedfor location of capturefrom survq)sconducted at the lloilo Fishing Poft and CentralMarket. Theywere Lutjanus argentimaculatus,Lutjanus Qouttgh Lutianus carponotatus, Lutianus decussatus, Lutjannus fultiflarnma, Lutjanus malabaicus,Lutianus monostigma,Lnijnius qhrquelineatus, a- Lutianus ivulatu,s and Lutjanus vitta. Incidenceof lutjanidswas year round with a peak in May. Most abundantand commonly observed were Lutjanus vitta, Lutjanus Ribbus and Lutjanus \'-{i!'_ arYentimaculatus.

INTRODUCTION

The family is divided into four sub-familiesnamely Lutjaninae, Paradicichthyinae,Etelinae and Apsilinae representing 103 rn!7 genera(Allen, 1985).The genusLutjanus in the sub-familyLutjaninae possesses the greatestnumber of specieswith 65, of which 39 havebeen documented in the Indo-WestPacific. Herre (i953) described32 speciesof Lutjanus in the Philippines. Snapperscommand a relativelyhigh marketprice in the ASEAN regionwith strongdemand both in the local a-ndexport markets (EAo, 1990).Presently, floating net cageculture of Lutjanusjohnii andLuriarurs argentimacularas ir,being practice in Singapore,Indonesia and the Philip- pines(Cheon g,I9X); EAO,1990). Culture of snappershas a highpotential as it is still a developingindustry.

This studvinvestigated species and seasonalityof lutjanidsavailable in Panayas caadidatespecies for culture.

SoutheastAsian Fsherrcs Derelopment Ccnter (SEAFDEC)

/, Philippine loumal of Science

MIffERIAI^S ANIDMETHODS

Bi-weeklysampling was conducted for oneyear at the Iloilo pi5hingPort starting July 190. The fishingport wasvisited between 12.45 AM-3 AM when the majority of fish were landed. Fish were sourcedfor locationof capturethrough interviews. Speci- menswere identified, photo documented while fresh,and preserved in the L\Voformalin for future reference.From October 1990,the Iloilo CentralMarket wasincluded in the samplingschedule, and thereafterthe fishingport and the market were eachsampled oncea month.

RESTJLTSAND DISCUSSION

It wasassumed that Iloilo FishingPort would provide a representativesample of lutjanidssince the majority of fish that are landedthere comefrom aroundPanay. The CentralMarket waslater includedto complementfish caughtin Iloilo and the adjacent islandof Guimaras.

Thirteen speciesof lutjanids were identilied from color patterns,and verified accordingto Masudaet. al. (1984);Allen(1985); and Lee (1987).

L.Lutj anusargentimacularus (Forsskal, I77 5) Specimen:310 mm SL; CentralMarket, January1991

;

:t'

(Figure 1) Commonname : mangrovered snaPPer

Description:Body moderatelydeep. Snout somewhat pointed; preopercular notch and fnoU poorryaeveioped;vomeiine tooth patchcrescentic; tongue with a patchofgranular I

l2I:l Cheong et. al.: A market suweyof Snappers (GenusLutjanus) frorn Panayand Palawan waters

teeth. Caudalfin emarginateto truncate. Color: back and sidesgreenish-brown; belly silveryor whitish.

2. Lutjanusboutton (Lacepede, 1803) :Lutjanus caeruleovittatus (Masuda et al., 1984)

li

Specimen:180 mm SL; FishingPort, January1991 (Figure 2) Commonname: Moluccan snapper

Description:Body moderatelydeep. Snoutsomewhat pointed; preopercular notch and kaob well developed;vomerine tooth patch crescenticwithout a medial posterior eKension;tonguo smooth without teeth. Caudalfin emarginate.Color: back and sides pink or reddish;back and undersideof headwhite or silvery-white;usually 10-12 faint yellow stripeson side;fins yellowish.

Source:Guimaras Island Science 1992 Philippine loumal of :!\

3. Lutj anuscarponotatus (Richardson, L842) Specimen:260 mm SL; FishingPort, AugustL990

,'ti le* S' "t'

,f.

-

(Figure 3) i6 Commonname: Spanish flag snaPPer _t

Description:Body moderatelydeep. Snoutsomewhat pointed; dorsal profile of head steeplysloped; pieopercular notch and knob poorly developed;vomerine tooth patch triangularwith medial posterior exension or diamondshaped; tongue with a patch of gtunulu.tecth. Caudal fin emarginate.Color: back and upper sidesbrownish; lower iides and belly yellow-wtre; 8-9 orangeor yellow stripes on sides;pectoral fin with distinct black spot at base;fins yellowish.

Source:Roxas and Concepcion,PanaY 1-

l2l:l Cheong et. al.: Amarket suney of Snappen (GenusLutjanus) from Panayand Palawan waters

4. Lutjanus decussatus(Cuvier, 1828) Specimen:230 mm SL; Fishing Port, July 1990

(Figure 4) Commonname: checkered snapper

Description: Body rnoderatelydeep. Dorsal prolile of head moderatelysloped; pre- opercular notch and knob well developed;vomerine tooth patch crescenticwithout medialposterior extension;tongue with a patchof granularteeth. Caudal fin emarginate; posterior profile of dorsal and anal fins rounded. Color: generallywhitish with a "checkerboard"pattern on upperhalf of sides(dark brownbars and stripes surrounding rectangular,whitish windows); lower half of sideswith 2 dark brown stripes;black spot coveringbase of caudalfin.

Source:Guimaras Island

a a Philippineloumol of Science lwz

5.Lutjanus fulviflanma (Forsskat1775) Specimen:190 mm SL; FishingPort, July 1990

(rigure5) Commonname: blackspot snapper

Description: Body moderatelydeep to slender.Dorsal profile of head moderately sloped;preopercular notch andknob poorlydevelopedl vomerine tooth patchtriangular with medial posterior extensionor diamond shaped;tongue with a patch of ganular teeth. Caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate.Color: back and upper sideslight brown; lower sideswhitish; befly whitish to yellow ; 67 yellow stripes on side; prominent black spot on below base of anterior part of soft portion of ; fins yellowish.

Source:Guimaras Island

7 I I

I2L:L Cheong et. al.: A markct surveyof Snappen (GenusLutjanus) from Ponayand Palawan waters 6. Lutjanusfulrz,r (Schneider,1801) Specimen:170 mm SL; CentralMarket, November1990 Commonname: blacktail snapper

Description:Dorsal profile of head steeplysloped; peropercular notch and knob well developed; Vomerinetooth patchcrescenticwithout medial posterior extension; tongue smoothwithout teeth; posterior profile of dorsaland anal fins rounded; caudal fin slightly emarginate.Color: back and sidesgrey to brown; belly and undersideof headwhitish; dorsalfin brown to reddish,with a narrow blackishband near margin,broader on soft part or dorsal. Caudal fin blackish; pelvic and anal fins yellow.

Source:Guimaras Island

7. Lutj anusgib,bus (Forsskal, LTI 5) Specimen:1.90 mm SL; CentralMarket, November1990

reWmRs''N$'"i.l ,* " *wGe.*** ffiil F:ilr rlrrr-fr rilrt :,ffi,m :iIilil :il't't' :**t )iil

(Figure6) Commonname: humpback red snapper

Description:Body relatively deep. Dorsal profile of headsteeply sloped; preopercular notchand brob welldeveloped; vomerine tooth patch crescentic without medial poste- rior eEeosion;tongue smooth without teeth; posterior profile of dorsaland anal fins pointed Caudilfin distinctlyforked with rounded lobes (upper lobe larger than lower). Color:red; darker on upperportiou of head;fins reddish to darkbrown.

Source:Guimalas [slend and Palawan t-I I I Philippine laumal of Science T9E2

S.Lutjanus lutjanus(Bloch, 1790) Synonyn:Lutjanus lineolatus (Masuda et. al., 1984) Specimen:175 mm SL; FishingPort, June 1r99L

" T"w

a

' """"''*':f's#

(Figure 7) Commonname: bigeye snapper

Description:Body slenderand elongated.Opercular notch andknob poorly developed; vomerinetooth patch arrow shaped.Caudal fin slightlyemarginate to truncate.Color: body pinkish with 5-7 goldenyellow lines,those above lateral line rising obliquely;line in middle of body thicker;rfl-nsyellow.

Source: Cuyo, Palawan i I

LZI:I Cheong et. al.: A ma*et sumeyof Snappen (GenusLutjanus) lrom Panayand Palawan waters 9. Lutjanusmalabaicus (Schneider,L80L) Specimen:230 mm SL; FishingPort, September1990

(Figure 8) Commonname: malabar red snapper

Description:Body relativelydeep. Dorsal profile of head steeplysloped; preopercular notch andknob poorly developed;vomerine tooth patchcrescentic or triangularwithout medialposterior extension; tongue smooth without teeth;posterior profile of dorsaland anal fins slightlyrounded or angular.Caudal fin truncate.Color: back and sidesred, lighter on lower parts;fins reddish.

Source:Palawan

H 10 Philippine loumal of Science Lgpl

t0. Lutjanusmonostigma (Cuvier, 1828) Specimen:280mm SL; CentralMarket, April 1991

iiir,,ll t::

(Figure 9) Commonnamoi onorspot snapper

Description:Body moderatelydeep and slender.Dorsal profile of headgently sloping; preopercular notch and knob poorly developed;vomerine tooth patch crescentic. Tonguesmooth without teeth. Caudalfin truncate.Color: body pinkish; brown on dorsal portion and upper part of head;black spot locatedbelow anterior part of soft dorsal rays;fins yellow.

Source:Guimaras Island

ll t-I i L2l:1 Cheong et. al.: A marlut suney of Snappen 1"1 (GenusLutjanus) from Panayand Palawan waters Ll. Lutjanusquinquetllinearns (Bloch, 1790) Sponym : Lutjanusspilurus (Masuda et. al., 1984) Specimen:190 mm SL; FishingPort, June 1991

,,. ":t .""T I ' , "".'", - ll"'' I I

(Figure 10) Commonname: fiveJined snapper

Description:Body moderatelydeep. Dorsal profile of headsteeply sloped; preopercular notch and knob well developed;tongue smooth, without teeth; vomerinetooih patch crescentic.Posterior profile of dorsal and anal fins rounded.Caudal fin slightlyemar- ginate.Color: head pinkish; body bright yellowwithfive blue stripes;black blolchiocated anterior to soft dorsali6ys just abovelateral line; fins yellow.

Source:Suyo, Palawan t2 Philippine loumal of Science 1992

L2.LuQanus ivulatus (Cuvier,1828) Specimen:Photo documentedin CentralMarket, May 1991

' t1 '"*:"-':,., ,t. i;.'19"":-'t' f,i& ": , |1.,:1L,W,

(Figure 11) Commonname: blubberlip snapper

Description:Body very deep.Dorsal profile of head steeplysloped; preopercular notch and knob moderatelydeveloped; vomerine tooth patch crescenticwithout medial pos- terior extension;tongue smooth without teeth; posteriorprofile of dorsal fin rounded; posteriorprofile of analfin distinctlypointed. Caudal fin truncateor slightlyemarginate. Color: generallybrown; eackscale on sidewith a palebrown border; head with numerous undulatingblue lines;lips tan; fins yellowishto duskygrey-brown.

Source:Guimaras Island

f& LZI:L Cheong et. al.: A marketsurvey of Snappen 73 (GenusLutjanus) from Panayand Palawan waters L3.Lutjanus vfffa (Quoy and Gaimard 1824) Specimen230 mm SL; Fishing Port, August 1990

(Figue L2) Commonname: Brownstripe snapper

Description:Body moderatelydeep to relativelyslender. Dorsal profile of headmoder- ately sloped; preopercularnotch and knob poorly developed;vomerine tooth patch triangularwith medial posteriorextension or diamondshaped; tongue with a patch of granularteeth. Caudal fin slightlyemarginate or truncate.Color: back and upper sides brown, lower sidesandtrlly whitish or pink; narrow longitudinalbrown lines on sides, those abovelateral line slantedposteriorly toward dorsal fin base; a dark brown or blackishstripe along middle of sidefrom eyeto upperhalf of caudalpeduncle; fins yellow exceptpelvics whitish.

Source:Roxas and Concepcion,Panay L4 Philippine loumal of Science t992

'".

'10

.aa oO o a

o _o C cl

o Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun '1990 I p". month

Figure 13 showsthe number of lutjanid speciesthat were observedeach monthin both the Iloilo FishingPort and CentralMarket. Althoughlutjanids werepresent year round, it canbe seenthat the numberof speciesincreased in April with a peakin May. The high numberof speciesthat occurredduring this time maybe the result of the spawningseason as stated by Allen (1985). The incidence of snapperthroughout the year may serve as a guide for availabilityof speciesin the world. The three most abundantand commonly observed specieswere Lutjanus vitta, Lutjanus gibbus and Lutianus argentimaculatus.

This studyserves as a preliminaryinvestigation to identi$ the speciesof lutjanids caughtfrom Panayand PalawanIsland waters. Location of captureshould be verified by field surveys It should also be noted that high value speciessuch as Lutjanus malabaicus were not capturedin watersoffPanaybut reportedlynear Palawan.

lr L2l:7 Cheong et. al.: A markzt suney of Snappers 15 (GenusLutjanus) from Panayand Palawanwaten

ACKNOIVLEDGEMENT

The authors wish to thank Prof. Prudencia Conclu of the College of Fisheries, University of the Philippines in the Visayasfor verifying the specimens.

LITERAIURECITED

Allen G.R. 1985.EAo speciescatalogue. vol. 6. snappersof the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogueof lutjanid speciesknown to date. EAo Fish. Synop.,(125) Vol.6:208p.

cheong L. 1988.Aquaculture developmentin singapore. Pageslr7-tul in J.v Juario and L.V Benitez,eds. Perspectives in aquaculturedevelopment in Asia and Japan, SoutheastAsian FisheriesDevelopment center (SEAITDEC),Tigbauan, philip- pines.

nAO, 1990.Regional seafarmingresources atlasss. EAOruNDP Regional Seafarming Developmentand DemonstrationProject. RAS/85/024. t Herre, A.w. 1953.check list of Philippinefishes. Fish and wildlife service,u.s. Depr. Int., Res.Rep., 20:l-977 .

Lee, s.c. 1987.Fishes of the family Lutjanidaeof thiwan. Bull.Inst. Tnology,Academia Sinica26@:n9403.

Masuda, H., Amaoka I! Araga C., Uyeno T and Y. Yoshina. 1984.The fishes of the Japanesearchipelago. Tolai Univ. Press,Tokyo, Japan.2 Vol.