DOCSLIB.ORG

Aquatic Rehabilitation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aquatic Rehabilitation Aquatic Rehabilitation Matt McGraw MS, ATC, PES, CES March 2, 2019 Overview • History of Aquatic Rehabilitation • Principles of Water • Aquatic Therapy Techniques • Contraindications and Precautions • Indications and Advantages • Things to think about History of Aquatic Rehab • Early Civilizations - early 20th Century • Belief that hot springs/spas provided therapeutic and medicinal value • Social activity • Hot air/water and cold plunge • Limited use of submerged exercise History of Aquatic Rehab • 1830: Vincenz Priessnitz • Combined cold water with exercise to strengthen ill patients • Dr. Winternitz • Researched varying water temps on sick patients • U.S. treatment modality during smallpox outbreak for Neurological Rehab • 1913: Dr. Charles Leroy Lowman • 1924: Hubbard Tank History of Aquatic Rehab • 1930’s Underwater PT with Physical Exercise in Warm Water • 1937: Dr. Lowman • Technique of Underwater Gymnastics: A Study in Practical Application • Dr. Rebekah Wright: Mental Diseases • 1960’s and 70’s: Space Age • 1980’s: American Physical Therapy Association • Aquatic Therapy and Rehabilitation Institute Aquatic Therapy Today • Used to Improve • Balance • Coordination • Weight Bearing • Strength • Endurance • Pain management • ROM • Motor Control • Circulatory Function Principles of Water • Buoyancy • Archimedes' principle: • Buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced by the object • 50% Umbilicus • 60% Xiphoid process Principles of Water • Benefits include: • Increase: • Decrease: • Supports weak muscles • Joint compressive forces • Enhance flexibility while weight bearing • ROM • Stress on connective tissue • Easier to handle patient • Fear of falling • Changes the • Blood pooling Biomechanical Stress Principles of Water • Hydrostatic Pressure (HP): Water exerts a pressure of 22.4 mm Hg/ft of water depth equally in all directions. • 12” = 22.4 mm Hg/ft • 24” = 44.8 mm Hg/ft • 36” = 67.2 mm Hg/ft • 48” = 89.6 mm Hg/ft Principles of Water • Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on systems of the body: • Cardiovascular system: • Forces blood from the legs into the chest • Heart pumps excess blood • Causing it to stretch • Increased heart muscle contraction • Causes heart to empty more completely • Starlings law: Heart requires fewer heart beats to pump the same volume of blood, decreasing the HR in the water. Principles of Water • Respiratory system • Increased blood flow, makes breathing harder • HP on the chest causes pressure on the diaphragm • pressure=resistance, forcing air out of the lungs • Improves inhalation and assist exhalation Principles of Water • Nervous system: • Interprets sensory information about the bodies position in space, temperature, pressure, and sensations • Receives sensory stimulation which aids in decreasing pain Principles of Water • Viscosity: Resistance of a fluid to change in shape or movement • Accommodating resistance: Resistance that matches the patients applied force of effort • Variable resistance: the ability to change the speed, velocity, &/or direction of the movement • Works opposing muscle groups equally, unlike the equivalent on land Principles of Water • Assist patients by dampening involuntary movements • Parkinson’s • Cerebral Palsy Principles of Water • Thermodynamics: More efficient at transferring heat than air. • Recommended Temp Therapy Pool • 33.5-35.5 C (92.3-95.9 F) • Recommended Temp Vigorous Exercise • 26-29.5 C (78.8-85.1 F) Aquatic Therapy Techniques • Aquatic Therapist use principles and interactions with patients to create progressive exercises that are: • Passive to active • Isometric • Isotonic • Isokinetic • Incorporate fundamental PNF Aquatic Therapy Techniques • Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM): • 1957 Dr. Knupfer • 3 rings to keep client supported in horizontal supine or prone position • Watsu: • 1980’s • Gentle rhythmic moves • Viscera • Limbic system • Nervous system • Musculoskeletal system • Psyche Aquatic Therapy Techniques • Ai Chi • Benefits: • 1990 Jun Konno • Increased • Fluid movement • Flexibility • ROM • Long axis • Mobility • Posture • Improves • Breathing • Insomnia • Visualization • Depression • Imagery Aquatic Therapy Techniques • Other current therapy techniques • Backhab • Burdenko method • Feldenkrais • Halliwick • PNF • Unpredictable command technique Contraindications • Phobia of water • Trouble breathing • Pulmonary disease • Weak chest muscles • Unstable cardiac conditions • Unstable vital signs • Uncontrolled hypertension • Uncontrolled seizures • Uncontrolled diabetes Contraindications • Open wounds • Infected wounds • Active infections • ex: GI virus causing diarrhea, vomiting, or exposure to other bodily fluids • Fever • Kidney Failure Examples of Precautions • Severe or chronic ear infections • Chronic UTI • Yeast Infection • Chronic skin diseases • Dermatitis • Psoriasis • At risk of Hyper or Hypothermia Indications and Advantages • Patient needs can be addressed by principles of water • Patients that require the physical properties of water to increase function • Extreme pain against gravity, buoyancy may help (neurological disease or disorder) • Patients with edema in LE may benefit from hydrostatic pressure • Patients with Arthritis Indications and Advantages • Patient can practice in reduced load before land equivalent • Patient needs variety in rehabilitation • Respiratory strengthening and efficiency • Strengthens heart • Improves pain due to over sensory stimulation Things to think about • Align your Aquatic policies and procedures with local and state bathing codes, and federal regulations • Post appropriate signage in pool area • Therapist in the pool? • Assisting patient (safety) • Challenge patient • Calling for help in an emergency Things to think about • Patient safety • Slip resistance mats • Wear appropriate footwear out of the pool • Adequate overhead lighting • Handicap accessible • Appropriate changing room • Restroom easily accessible • Shower available Things to think about • Variety of aquatic exercise modalities • Appropriate storage References - Gianfaldoni, S., Tchernev, G., Wollina, U., Roccia, M. G., Floranelli, M., Gianfaldoni, R., & Lotti, T. (2017). History of Baths and Thermal Medicine. Journal of Medical Sciences, 5(4), 566-568. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2017.126 - Hydrotherapy. (2017, April 26). In Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc . Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrotherapy - Becker, B. E. (2009). Aquatic Therapy: Scientific Foundations and Clinical Rehabilitation Applications. Pm&r, 1(9), 859-872. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017 - Thein, J. M., & Brody, L. T. (1998). Aquatic-Based Rehabilitation and Training for Elite Athlete. The Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 27 (1), 32-41. doi:https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1998.27.1.32 - Waller, B., Lambeck, J., & Daly, D. (2009). Therapeutic aquatic exercise in the treatment of low back pain: A systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation, 23 (1), 3-14. doi:10.1177/0269215508097856 - Prins, J., & Cutner, D. (1999). Aquatic Therapy in the rehabilitation of athletic injuries. Clinics of Sports Medicine, 18 (2), 447-461. - Marinho-Buzelli, A. R., Bonnyman, A. M., & Verrier, M. C. (2014). The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: A systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation, 29 (8), 741-751. doi:10.1177/0269215514556297 - Valtonen, A., Pöyhönen, T., Sipilä, S., & Heinonen, A. (2010). Effects of Aquatic Resistance Training on Mobility Limitation and Lower-Limb Impairments After Knee Replacement. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91 (6), 833-839. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.03.002 - Becker, Bruce E., and Andrew J. Cole. Comprehensive Aquatic Therapy . Washington State University, 2011. References - Ultimate Guide to Aquatic Therapy & Water Therapy - HydroWorx®. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.hydroworx.com/research- education/additional-resources/aquatic-therapy-guide/ - An Introduction to Aquatic Therapy. (2016, June 15). Retrieved from http://www.rainbowrehab.com/introduction-aquatic-therapy/ - The History of Aquatic Therapy. (2015, September 12). Retrieved from https://www.physicalrehabstl.com/the-history-of-aquatic-therapy/ - Kauffman, B. E., & Kauffman, B. W. (2014). Aquatic Therapy. In A Comprehensive Guide to Geriatric Rehabilitation (pp. 517-519). Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. - Aquatic Therapy: A Viable Therapeutic Recreation Intervention. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234563482_Aquatic_Therapy_A_Viable_Therapeutic_Recreation_Intervention - Wyatt, F. B., Milam, S., Manske, R. C., & Deere, R. (2001). The Effects of Aquatic and Traditional Exercise Programs on Persons With Knee Osteoarthritis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15 (3), 337-340. doi:10.1519/00124278-200108000-00013 - Levin, S. (1991). Aquatic Therapy. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 19 (10), 119-126. doi:10.1080/00913847.1991.11702274 - Choi, E. K. (2015). Aquatic Physical Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Athletic Injuries: A Systematic Review of the Literatures. Journal of Yoga & Physical Therapy, 05 (03). doi:10.4172/2157-7595.1000195 - Meyler, J., Moss, R., & Skinner, B. (n.d.). Going with the flow: The use of aquatic therapy in sports injury rehabilitation. https://www.co-kinetic.com/content/going-with-the-flow-the-use-of-aquatic-therapy-in-sports-injury-rehabilitation - Norton, Charlotte O., and Lynette Jamison. A Team Approach to the Aquatic Continuum of Care. Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PTA 101 Overview of Aquatic Therapy (NCHPAD) Source
    PTA 101 Overview of Aquatic Therapy (NCHPAD) Source: https://www.nchpad.org/223/1943/Aquatic~Therapy2 Aquatic Therapy The Standards and Steering Committees of the Aquatic Therapy and Rehabilitation Industry Certification define aquatic therapy and rehabilitation as: "The use of water and specifically designed activity by qualified personnel to aid in the restoration, extension, maintenance and quality of function for persons with acute, transient, or chronic disabilities, syndromes or diseases." Definition of Hydrotherapy Hydrotherapy is the use of water by external applications, either for its pressure effect or as a means of applying physical energy to a tissue. The term often refers to the use of water in wound management, such as whirlpool baths, but can be used interchangeably with the term, "aquatic therapy". Definition of Adapted Aquatics Adapted aquatics are techniques that emphasize swimming skills modified or adapted to accommodate individual abilities. Usually used with people with disabilities, adapted aquatics focuses on skills including pool entry and exit and swimming skill development. It should also encompass community referral. Indications for Aquatic Therapy Disorders Limited Range of Motion Weakness Poor Motor Coordination Pain Spasticity Perceptual / Spatial Problems Balance Deficits Respiratory Problems Circulatory Problems Depression/Poor Self-Esteem Cardiac Diseases Joint Replacement Motor Learning Orthopedic Injuries / Trauma Obesity Prenatal Neurological (MS) Osteoporosis Rheumatology (Arthritis / Fibromyalgia) Aquatic Therapy Techniques Ai Chi Created by Jun Konno of Japan, Ai Chi is a combination of deep breathing and slow broad movements of the arms, legs, and torso, using concepts of T'ai Chi, Shiatsu, and Qigong. Ai Chi is performed standing in shoulder-depth water with an ideal pool temperature of 88F to 96F.
    [Show full text]
  • Sample for the NOCN B2
    NOCN ESOL International Listening Level B2 Independent User Paper Examination Task Sheet Part1 1. a. I have to think it through. b. I’ll have to think through it. c. I have to look through it. 2. a. Really? That was unnecessary. b. Really? What did it say? c. Was it really necessary? 3. a. It’s very tasty. b. It’s so tasteful. c. It has taste. 4. a. Try asking him nicely. b. Try to ask him nice. c. If you will ask him nicely. 5. a. I slept in, haven’t I? b. I am sleeping in, aren’t I? c. I slept in, didn’t I? NOCN ESOL International Listening Level B2 Independent User Paper Examination Task Sheet Part 2 Conversation 1 1. What does she claim about red meat? a. Scientists aren’t sure whether it’s good or bad for us. b. Red meat isn’t absolutely necessary. c. Only red meat has “complete proteins”. 2. What did the BBC experiment show? a. The vegetarian athletes did as well as the meat-eaters. b. The meat-eaters did better than the vegetarians. c. The vegetarian athletes performed better. 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Scientists claim red meat is necessary. b. The BBC experiment findings didn’t surprise her. c. She likes red meat. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as needing proteins? a. teeth b. hair c. nails 5. How long did the BBC experiment last? a. one month b. two months c. three months Now listen to the conversation again and check your answers.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of a Metronome on Functional Outccomes in Aquatic Therapy
    EFFECTS OF A METRONOME ON FUNCTIONAL OUTCCOMES IN AQUATIC THERAPY VERSION NUMBER: 5 VERSION DATE: 11/14/2018 ID# AultmanRA2018.10.AF NCT number: NCT03801772 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Andrew Daniel Fomich Physical Therapy - Aultman Tusc 330-363-6215 [email protected] PROTOCOL TITLE: Effects of a Metronome on Functional Outcomes in Aquatic Therapy PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Andrew Daniel Fomich Physical Therapy - Aultman Tusc 330-363-6215 [email protected] VERSION NUMBER: 5 VERSION DATE: 11/14/2018 1.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND RATIONALE ○ Introduction Physical therapy patients experiencing musculoskeletal pain often lack effort and consistency when performing aquatic exercises. Studies have shown that the use of acoustic stimuli, such as music and the beeps of a metronome, improve performance and efficiency in runners. However, it has not been determined if the use of a metronome can improve the outcomes of patients participating in aquatic physical therapy. ○ Relevant Literature and Data In 2012, one of two adults in the United States were diagnosed with musculoskeletal conditions. In the same year, 25.5 million people lost an average of 11.4 days of work due to back and neck pain. (1) The benefits of aquatic therapy make it well suited for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. These benefits include decreased weight bearing, the thermal and compressive effects of water on the body, and less cardiovascular stress during exercise. (2) In a 2008 study it was demonstrated that the use of acoustic pacing device can improve consistency and performance during and between exercise sessions in an aquatic environment among runners(3) Studies have also shown that an aquatic exercise program can improve strength and function among varied age groups.(4,5) However, what isn’t known is if the use of an acoustic pacing device, such as a metronome, can improve the outcomes of patients in an aquatic therapy program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Warm Hydrotherapy on the Cardiovascular System and Muscle Relaxation
    THE INFLUENCE OF WARM HYDROTHERAPY ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND MUSCLE RELAXATION By: Jerrold Petrofsky, Ph. D., J.D. Jaime Baxter, BS Jaime Bomgaars, BS Carrie Burgert, BS Sara Jacobs, BS Danielle Lyden, BS Everett B. Lohman III, DPTSc, OSC Send reprint requests to: Dr. Jerrold Scott Petrofsky Professor and Director of Research Department of Physical Therapy Loma Linda University Loma Linda, CA 92350 Telephone: (909) 558-7274 Fax: (909) 558-0481 Email: [email protected] 1 Abstract Five female and five male subjects with no known cardiovascular abnormalities nor any neuromuscular disorders were examined during exercise on a cycle ergometer or a 30 min immersion in warm water with and without exercise to determine the effects of immersion on cardiac output, heart rate, blood pressure, forearm blood flow, muscle blood flow, skin blood flow and muscle relaxation. Muscle relaxation was measured by the resistance to passively moving the leg through a 60° arc and by measurement of the Hoffman (H) reflex. The results of these experiments showed that 1) passive heating caused the greatest relaxation in muscle 2) most of the increase in blood flow to the limb during passive heating or exercise was to skeletal muscle 3) cardiac output increased modestly as did heart rate during passive exposure or light exercise in a therapeutic pool and 4) blood pressure was generally decreased during warm water immersion. Key words: hydrotherapy, muscle, H-reflex, cardiac output, circulation, exercise 2 Introduction Hydrotherapy has been used for thousands of years. Proto-Indian culture made use of hydrotherapy as far back as 2400 B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Sauna Steam and Hydrotherapy Contents
    NVQ level 3 spa therapy lecturer copy 2010 PAGES WWW.BEAUTYPACKAGES.CO.UK SAMPLE Sauna, Steam & Hydrotherapy 2010 Sauna Steam 21 Sauna and Sauna, steam and hydrotherapy package Sauna Hydrotherapy A dry heat treatment Originating from then rises, Scandinavian coun- w h i c h Did you know? tries a Finnish causes the The temperature of the sauna cabin is sauna to be Finnish sauna can vary hotter on between 60-120ºC. traditionally made from pine panels the upper When water is poured with slatted benches. A on to the c oa ls i t increases the humidity wooden benches thermome- son ranging up to 14 (moisture content) of the around the walls of ter should be people. sauna. the sauna for the placed near to the Contents High tempera tures are client to sit/lie on. roof of the sauna A Laconium i s a only recommended in A thermostatically to measure the larger saunas where tiled sauna that there is a greater controlled stove temp erature inside creates an evenly amount of air. warms the coals to the sauna. A hy- distributed mild The amoun t of swea t lost produce a dry heat. grometer should be dry heat at 55ºC. through hea t can vary Water can be used to check the It creates the heat from 0.15-1.5 li tres. ladled onto the humidity of the air from under floor This is why the body loses weight af ter heat coal, w hich creates within the sauna. and seat heating treatments. However steam and ther e- Sauna cabins are rather than a i t i s only a te mpora ry loss and will be re-gained fore increases the available in various stove.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 24 Introduction Hydrotherapy and • Throughout History and in Many Cultures, Spa Applications Water Has Been Used to Maintain Health
    Chapter 24 Introduction Hydrotherapy and • Throughout history and in many cultures, Spa Applications water has been used to maintain health _________________________________________________________________________________________ and treat illness • Hydrotherapy is the internal and external Susan G. Salvo therapeutic use of water and complementary agents • Father Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897): “father of hydrotherapy”; from Germany; published My Water Cure in 1886 Copyright © 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 1 Copyright © 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 2 All rights reserved. All rights reserved. Father Sebastian Kneipp Spa • A spa is a place where water therapies are administered • Spa therapies: body treatments (including massage) in which use of water is central • Four types of spas: – Day spa: day use only – Resort or hotel spa: located in resort or hotel – Destination spa: overnight accommodations – Medical spa: includes medical services Copyright © 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 3 Copyright © 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 4 All rights reserved. All rights reserved. Water as a Healing Agent Water as a Healing Agent • Liquid water changes to solid ice after • Body's maintenance of homeostasis being cooled to 32° F or 0° C in a changing environment is key to • Changes to steam (gas) after being hydrotherapy heated to 212° F or 100° C – When heat is applied, blood vessels dilate and perspiration is produced to cool the body – When cold is applied, blood vessels first constrict to prevent body from losing heat – After a time, blood vessels dilate so that heat can be carried to the application site Copyright © 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Individuals with Rett Syndrome: a Systematic Review
    brain sciences Review Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Individuals with Rett Syndrome: A Systematic Review Marta Fonzo, Felice Sirico and Bruno Corrado * Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (M.F.); [email protected] (F.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-081-7462795 Received: 14 June 2020; Accepted: 29 June 2020; Published: 30 June 2020 Abstract: Rett syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects brain development and causes severe mental and physical disability. This systematic review analyzes the most recent evidence concerning the role of physical therapy in the management of individuals with Rett syndrome. The review was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A total of 17319 studies were found in the main scientific databases. Applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 22 studies were admitted to the final phase of the review. Level of evidence of the included studies was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine—Levels of Evidence guide. Nine approaches to physical therapy for patients with Rett syndrome were identified: applied behavior analysis, conductive education, environmental enrichment, traditional physiotherapy with or without aids, hydrotherapy, treadmill, music therapy, computerized systems, and sensory-based treatment. It has been reported that patients had clinically benefited from the analysed approaches despite the fact that they did not have strong research evidence. According to the results, a multimodal individualized physical therapy program should be regularly recommended to patients with Rett syndrome in order to preserve autonomy and to improve quality of life.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrotherapy Options
    Hydrotherapy Options “Hydro” or water therapy is as old as recorded history and is still use in every culture in the world today. Simply stated, it is the application of water in any of its forms (liquid, steam, ice) in a therapeutic way. It’s likely you’ve already used hydrotherapy as an ice pack on a sprained ankle or a hot water bottle on a tight back. Hydrotherapy impacts blood circulation in some way. This is important because blood delivers nutrients to and removes wastes from tissues and organs. If circulation is poor or slow, healing nutrients cannot be delivered and toxins cannot be removed. General uses of hydrotherapy include pain and swelling of injuries, to induce a fever so as to improve immune function, and to hasten the elimination of toxins. Used consistently, it can be an excellent tool, often in conjunction with other therapies. There are many different applications of hydrotherapy. Below are three that can be easy to do and particularly useful in selected circumstances. Sauna Hydrotherapy The largest organ of elimination is your skin. Sweating can be an excellent way to compliment a detoxification or cleansing program. Sweating increases the rate of lipolysis or fat breakdown. Toxins (or xenobiotics) can be trapped in fat, and when liberated by increased temperature, can move into the blood stream. Sweating can then pull those toxins out through your skin. While any kind of sweating will do, saunas can be particularly useful as they can be tolerated for prolonged periods and can be done frequently and easily. Thus saunas can be a good adjunct to a detox or cleansing program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Properties of Water and Their Effect on Aquatic Therapy
    The Properties of Water and Their Effect on Aquatic Therapy Leslie Erin Korel Physical Therapy Program, University of Delaware The use of water as a treatment mizing muscle atrophy (Levin, Psychological changes may be form dates back to ancient times 1991). At the other end of the the result of the physical effects with the Greeks and Romans. Even spectrum, persons who are ex- listed in Table 1, or perhaps the Hippocrates advocated hydro- tremely arthritic or debilitated feeling of hope that comes from therapy. Today water is used by can take advantage of the buoy- being able to do things one could therapists in the form of a tradi- ancy and warmth of water to di- not do before, even if only in the tional whirlpool treatment or as an minish the degenerative effects water (Routi et al., 1994). exercise medium. Almost any ex- of disease or injury, maintain ercise can be adapted to water by range of motion, and improve Pertinent Properties taking into account the force prin- flexibility and overall condition of Water ciples that apply to water: density, (Levin, 1991). buoyancy, moment of force, hy- There are six properties of water drostatic pressure, viscosity, and Physiological that must be understood in order cohesion. Adaptations to develop a water program that will Current hydrotherapy began yield the specific effects a therapist : in the form of submersion of the The effects of exercise and the is looking for (Collender, 1995) injured extremity in either cold or warmth of water, ideally 80 to 1. Relative density warm baths. Then agitation was 92 OF, work together to produce a 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Halliwick-Based Aquatic Assessments : Reliability and Validity
    International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Volume 2 Number 3 Article 4 8-1-2008 Halliwick-Based Aquatic Assessments : Reliability and Validity Ruthy Tirosh Alyn Hospital Pediatric and Adolescent Rehabilitation Center, Jerusalem, Israel, [email protected] Michal Katz-Leurer Alyn Hospital Pediatric and Adolescent Rehabilitation Center, Jerusalem, Israel Miriam D. Getz Kibuzzim College of Education Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/ijare Recommended Citation Tirosh, Ruthy; Katz-Leurer, Michal; and Getz, Miriam D. (2008) "Halliwick-Based Aquatic Assessments : Reliability and Validity," International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education: Vol. 2 : No. 3 , Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare.02.03.04 Available at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/ijare/vol2/iss3/4 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@BGSU. Tirosh et al.: Halliwick-Based Aquatic Assessments : Reliability and Validity International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 2008, 2, 224-236 © 2008 Human Kinetics, Inc. Halliwick-Based Aquatic Assessments: Reliability and Validity Ruthy Tirosh, Michal Katz-Leurer, and Miriam D. Getz Purpose: To investigate the reliability and validity of 2 aquatic functional- assessment tests (Water Orientation Test of Alyn 1 and 2: WOTA1, WOTA2) for evaluating adjustment and functional ability in the aquatic environment based on the Halliwick concept. Methods: Thirty-two children with disabilities participated in the reliability study. Thirty-three other children participated in the validity study, which tested the correlations between the WOTA total score and motor performance on land.
    [Show full text]
  • Efficacy of Ice and Shortwave Diathermy in the Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee – a Preliminary Report
    African Journal of Biomedical Research, Vol. 7 (2004); 107 - 111 ISSN 1119 – 5096 © Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group Available online at http://www.bioline.org.br/md Full Length Research Article EFFICACY OF ICE AND SHORTWAVE DIATHERMY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE – A PRELIMINARY REPORT ADEGOKE, B.O.A* AND GBEMINIYI, M.O. Physiotherapy Department, College of Medicine University of Ibadan Nigeria This study was designed to compare the effects of shortwave diathermy (SWD) and ice on pain, range of motion and function in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Subjects were fourteen patients (4 males and 10 females) aged 40-70years diagnosed as having OA of the knee. Subjects were assigned into either the SWD or ice treatment groups, as they became available. All subjects received routine adjunct therapeutic exercises, were excluded from analgesic drugs and were treated thrice weekly during the four -week duration of the study. Subjects were assessed at the beginning and end of the study for pain, range of motion (ROM) and function using visual analog scale, universal goniometer and functional index questionnaire respectively. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics of means and standard deviation and inferential statistics of independent and paired t-tests. Results showed that while the subjects in the SWD group had significantly greater ROM and function than the ice group at the beginning of the study, both groups were not statistically significantly different on all dependent variables at the end of the study. Paired -ttest also indicated that the ice group improved significantly on all three dependent variables while the SWD group improved significantly in pain and ROM only.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Physical Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
    Vol.2, No.4, 102-107 (2013) Advances in Parkinson’s Disease http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/apd.2013.24019 Aquatic physical therapy for Parkinson’s disease Talita Gianello Gnoato Zotz1*, Eliani Arruda Souza2, Vera Lúcia Israel3, Ana Paula Cunha Loureiro4 1Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Paraná, Matinhos, Brazil; *Corresponding Author: [email protected] 2Physical Therapy Clinic, Curitiba, Brazil 3Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 4Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Biosciences Pontifical Catholic, University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil Received 11 June 2013; revised 2 August 2013; accepted 13 August 2013 Copyright © 2013 Talita Gianello Gnoato Zotz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT a chronic and progressive disturbance of the nervous system, more specifically the ganglions of the base and One of the predominant effects of PD is altera- eventually resulting in abnormal posture and involuntary tion of motor skills, which leads to compromised movements [2]. posture and physical balance. Aquatic physical The knowledge about the possible factors in the phy- therapy, performed in a heated pool, can serve siopathology of PD also demands an inevitable investi- as one of intervention alternatives for PD carri- gation of the pertinent questions about natural aging of ers. Aim: To analyze the effects of the Halliwick the human being. And these investigations can also lead Concept hydrotherapy in acquisition of motor to further development of a repertoire of preventive phy- skills in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.
    [Show full text]