Overall-Olympic-Records-1.Pdf
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INTRODUCTION Following are numerous Olympic bests, records, leaders lists, and various significa that may be of use during the Rio 2016 Olympics. These are derived from the databases maintained by the OlyMADMen, a group of 15 Olympic statisticians / historians from 9 nations, whose hobby borders on mental illness at times. The lists are in several categories: Medal Records, Appearance Records, Age Records, Medal Lists, and Special Medal Records. The lists contain records for both Overall (all nations) and the USA, with the Overall records listed first. All USA records are highlighted in Bold font. Medal and appearance records are the top 10 and ties, although in some cases, where the list would be overly long, it is only noted that “XX athletes tied with X.” Age records are the top 25 performers, with all performances listed to that level. Records include the 1906 Olympic Games which are controversial. The IOC does not recognize them, while the ISOH (International Society of Olympic Historians) does and feels that they definitely should be recognized by the IOC. Records which include a mark from the 1906 Olympics are marked in Red. This mostly involves records set by Ray Ewry (USA), who won 10 standing jump gold medals, including the 1906 Olympics, or 8 standing jump gold medals, if one does not include them. In cases where Ewry’s record would make the list, without including 1906, those are added and marked in Purple. The record lists also include marks from the Winter Olympics, but these are marked in Blue. The lists do not include medals or records (including age records) achieved in the Arts Competitions, which were held at the Olympics from 1912-48, but only includes medals and records set in sporting events. Age records may vary slightly because of how they are calculated. Competitor age records are taken to the day an event starts, while medalist age records are taken to the day the event ends – when the final medal standings are determined. Thus there can be a slight variance if an athlete is listed in both the competitor and medalist age records. In some cases, we only know a year of birth, or occasionally, the year and month of birth. To determine age, a worst case scenario is always used, thus, for a youngest age record, we assume the date as 1 January, or the 1st day of a month, while for an oldest age record we assume the date as 31 December, or the 28/29/30/31st day of the month. The records were all obtained by querying our databases and should be accurate as of 1 July 2016. Please note that there are still some medal controveries related to PED (performance-enhancing drug) disqualifications. The IOC does not always rule immediately on such cases. The current status is the IF (usually the IAAF) changes the results, but only the IOC can change a medal standing, so we need a final decision by the IOC. In cases where no definite decision is announced, we tend be very conservative about changing a result. However, the database, including all known changes of medal standings, is accurate as of 1 July 2016. If any errors are noted please contact me (Bill Mallon) at [email protected], or tweet me at @bambam1729. Bill Mallon MD 1 July 2016 MEDAL RECORDS Most Medals 22 Michael Phelps USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 18 Larysa Latynina URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 15 Nikolay Andrianov URS GYM 1972/1976/1980 13 Edoardo Mangiarotti ITA FEN 1936/1948/1952/1956/1960 13 Takashi Ono JPN GYM 1952/1956/1960/1964 13 Borys Shakhlin URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 13 Ole Einar Bjørndalen NOR BIA 1998/2002/2006/2010/2014 12 Paavo Nurmi FIN ATH 1920/1924/1928 12 Sawao Kato JPN GYM 1968/1972/1976 12 Birgit Fischer-Schmidt GDR/GER CAN 1980/1988/1992/1996/2000/2004 12 Dara Torres USA SWI 1984/1988/1992/2000/2008 12 Bjørn Dæhlie NOR CCS 1992/1994/1998 12 Jenny Thompson USA SWI 1992/1996/2000/2004 12 Aleksey Nemov RUS GYM 1996/2000 12 Natalie Coughlin USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 11 Carl Osburn USA SHO 1912/1920/1924 11 Viktor Chukarin URS GYM 1952/1956 11 Věra Čáslavská TCH GYM 1960/1964/1968 11 Mark Spitz USA SWI 1968/1972 11 Matt Biondi USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 11 Ryan Lochte USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 10 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1906/1908 10 Hubert Van Innis BEL ARC 1900/1920 10 Aladár Gerevich HUN FEN 1932/1936/1948/1952/1956/1960 10 Ágnes Keleti HUN GYM 1952/1956 10 Polina Astakhova URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 10 Akinori Nakayama JPN GYM 1968/1972 10 Aleksandr Dityatin URS GYM 1976/1980 10 Raisa Smetanina EUN/URS CCS 1976/1980/1984/1988/1992 10 Carl Lewis USA ATH 1984/1988/1992/1996 10 Stefania Belmondo ITA CCS 1992/1994/1998/2002 10 Vitaly Shcherbo BLR/EUN GYM 1992/1996 10 Franziska van Almsick GER SWI 1992/1996/2000/2004 10 Gary Hall, Jr. USA SWI 1996/2000/2004 10 Marit Bjørgen NOR CCS 2002/2006/2010/2014 22 Michael Phelps USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 12 Dara Torres USA SWI 1984/1988/1992/2000/2008 12 Jenny Thompson USA SWI 1992/1996/2000/2004 12 Natalie Coughlin USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 11 Carl Osburn USA SHO 1912/1920/1924 11 Mark Spitz USA SWI 1968/1972 11 Matt Biondi USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 11 Ryan Lochte USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 10 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1906/1908 10 Carl Lewis USA ATH 1984/1988/1992/1996 10 Gary Hall, Jr. USA SWI 1996/2000/2004 9 Martin Sheridan USA ATH 1904/1906/1908 8 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1908 8 Charlie Daniels USA SWI 1904/1906/1908 8 Shirley Babashoff USA SWI 1972/1976 8 Jason Lezak USA SWI 2000/2004/2008/2012 8 Apolo Anton Ohno USA STK 2002/2006/2010 7 Willis Lee USA SHO 1920 7 Lloyd Spooner USA SHO 1920 7 Tom Jager USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 7 Shannon Miller USA GYM 1992/1996 7 Amanda Beard USA SWI 1996/2000/2004 7 Aaron Peirsol USA SWI 2000/2004/2008 Most Gold Medals 18 Michael Phelps USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 10 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1906/1908 9 Paavo Nurmi FIN ATH 1920/1924/1928 9 Larysa Latynina URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 9 Mark Spitz USA SWI 1968/1972 9 Carl Lewis USA ATH 1984/1988/1992/1996 8 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1908 8 Sawao Kato JPN GYM 1968/1972/1976 8 Birgit Fischer-Schmidt GDR/GER CAN 1980/1988/1992/1996/2000/2004 8 Matt Biondi USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 8 Bjørn Dæhlie NOR CCS 1992/1994/1998 8 Jenny Thompson USA SWI 1992/1996/2000 8 Ole Einar Bjørndalen NOR BIA 1998/2002/2010/2014 7 Aladár Gerevich HUN FEN 1932/1936/1948/1952/1956/1960 7 Viktor Chukarin URS GYM 1952/1956 7 Borys Shakhlin URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 7 Věra Čáslavská TCH GYM 1964/1968 7 Nikolay Andrianov URS GYM 1972/1976/1980 6 Hubert Van Innis BEL ARC 1900/1920 6 Nedo Nadi ITA FEN 1912/1920 6 Pál Kovács HUN FEN 1936/1948/1952/1956/1960 6 Edoardo Mangiarotti ITA FEN 1936/1952/1956/1960 6 Gert Fredriksson SWE CAN 1948/1952/1956/1960 6 Rudolf Kárpáti HUN FEN 1948/1952/1956/1960 6 Lidiya Skoblikova URS SSK 1960/1964 6 Reiner Klimke FRG/GER EQU 1964/1968/1976/1984/1988 6 Akinori Nakayama JPN GYM 1968/1972 6 Kristin Otto GDR SWI 1988 6 Vitaly Shcherbo BLR/EUN GYM 1992 6 Lyubov Yegorova EUN/RUS CCS 1992/1994 6 Amy Van Dyken USA SWI 1996/2000 6 Valentina Vezzali ITA FEN 1996/2000/2004/2008/2012 6 Chris Hoy GBR CYC 2004/2008/2012 6 An Hyeon-Su KOR/RUS STK 2006/2014 6 Usain Bolt JAM ATH 2008/2012 6 Marit Bjørgen NOR CCS 2010/2014 18 Michael Phelps USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 10 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1906/1908 9 Mark Spitz USA SWI 1968/1972 9 Carl Lewis USA ATH 1984/1988/1992/1996 8 Ray Ewry USA ATH 1900/1904/1908 8 Matt Biondi USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 8 Jenny Thompson USA SWI 1992/1996/2000/2004 6 Amy Van Dyken USA SWI 1996/2000 5 Anton Heida USA GYM 1904 5 Martin Sheridan USA ATH 1904/1906/1908 5 Charlie Daniels USA SWI 1904/1906/1908 5 Al Lane USA SHO 1912/1920 5 Carl Osburn USA SHO 1912/1920/1924 5 Willis Lee USA SHO 1920 5 Bud Fisher USA SHO 1920/1924 5 Johnny Weissmuller USA SWI/WAP 1924/1928 5 Don Schollander USA SWI 1964/1968 5 Eric Heiden USA SSK 1980 5 Tom Jager USA SWI 1984/1988/1992 5 Bonnie Blair USA SSK 1988/1992/1994 5 Gary Hall, Jr. USA SWI 1996/2000/2004 5 Aaron Peirsol USA SWI 2000/2004/2008 5 Ryan Lochte USA SWI 2004/2008/2012 Most Silver Medals 6 Mikhail Voronin URS GYM 1968/1972 6 Shirley Babashoff USA SWI 1972/1976 6 Aleksandr Dityatin URS GYM 1976/1980 5 Zoltán von Halmay HUN SWI 1900/1904/1906/1908 5 Gustavo Marzi ITA FEN 1928/1932/1936 5 Edoardo Mangiarotti ITA FEN 1936/1948/1952/1956/1960 5 Mariya Horokhovska URS GYM 1952 5 Larysa Latynina URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 5 Yury Titov URS GYM 1956/1960/1964 5 Viktor Lisitsky URS GYM 1964/1968 5 Nikolay Andrianov URS GYM 1972/1976/1980 5 Raisa Smetanina EUN/URS CCS 1976/1980/1984/1988/1992 5 Andrea Ehrig-Schöne-Mitscherlich GDR SSK 1976/1984/1988 5 Bogdan Musiol GDR/GER BOB 1980/1984/1988/1992 5 Dagmar Hase GER SWI 1992/1996 5 Aleksandr Popov EUN/RUS SWI 1992/1996/2000 5 Anky van Grunsven NED EQU 1992/1996/2000/2004/2008/2012 5 Leisel Jones AUS SWI 2000/2004/2008/2012 5 Katalin Kovács HUN CAN 2000/2004/2008/2012 6 Shirley Babashoff USA SWI 1972/1976 4 Carl Osburn USA SHO 1912/1920/1924 4 J.