Jacksonia sericea EN Taxonomic Authority: Benth.  Global Assessment  Regional Assessment Region: Global  Endemic to region Synonyms Common Names gracilis Meisn.

Upper Level Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: MAGNOLIOPSIDA Order: Family: LEGUMINOSAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name:  Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority:

General Information Distribution is endemic to Australia, distributed in the state of Western Australia, in the Perth suburbs from Wanneroo to Mandurah. A specimen at NSW (Cleland 20) said to have been collected at Cunderdin has presumably been incorrectly labelled (Chappill et al. 2007).

Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 300  Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: 1800 Lower limit:  Antarctic Map Status: Depth  Australasian Upper limit:  Neotropical Lower limit:  Oceanian Depth Zones  Palearctic  Shallow photic  Bathyl  Hadal  Indomalayan  Photic  Abyssal  Nearctic Population Total population size is not known but it was recently collected in 2008.

Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology Spreading to prostrate shrub growing in woodland on grey or yellow to brown sand over limestone.

System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative  Terrestrial  Freshwater  Nomadic  Congregatory/Dispersive  Is the a wild relative of a crop?  Marine  Migratory  Altitudinally migrant Growth From Definition Shrub - small Perennial shrub small (<1m) or dwarf shrub, also termed a Chamaephyte (<1m)

Threats The native vegetation of the suburbs of Perth has been extensively cleared for urban development, leaving a highly fragmented habitat. Furthermore, many forests of south-west Western Australia were attacked by dieback root disease, and within the Perth metropolitan area dieback has been mapped in 50 reserves. Of those sites mapped within the area 70% are infested with the disease, however in most of these sites most bushland does not show any physical sign of dieback (Department of Environment and Conservation 2006). This species is considered to be moderately susceptible to the pathogen, i.e. species that are often killed following infection by P. cinnamomi in the wild but many of which commonly survive (Goves et al. 2009; O'Gara et al. 2005). The pathogen is impacting on vegetation communities changing species composition, degrading the habitat resulting in invasion from weeds and grasses, higher impacts from grazing and changes in fire regimes (Mitchell et al. 2002).

Past Present Future 1 Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced)  1.4 Infrastructure development  1.4.2 Human settlement  1.5 Invasive alien species (directly impacting habitat)  1.6 Change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat)  1.7 Fires  2 Invasive alien species (directly affecting the species)  2.4 Pathogens/parasites  7 Natural disasters  7.4 Wildfire  8 Changes in native species dynamics  8.5 Pathogens/parasites  10 Human disturbance  10.5 Fire  Conservation Measures It is known to occur within a protected area, in the John Forrest National Park and several small reserves around Perth. This species is not listed as Threatened in the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), however it is rated as Priority Four (Smith 2010) in Western Australia, declaring it a rare species which is considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare it is not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every five to ten years. The seeds for this species have been collected as part of the Millennium Seed Bank project. Seeds are located at: Wakehurst Place, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (UK) and Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Perth (Australia). It is recommended that the species is surveyed in the near future to determine the level of threat and habitat status. Management plans to contain the spread of dieback root disease and manage those communities infected by the pathogen are crucial to the survival of the habitat.

In Place Needed 1 Policy-based actions  1.1 Management plans  1.1.1 Development  1.1.2 Implementation  3 Research actions  3.4 Habitat status  3.5 Threats  4 Habitat and site-based actions  4.4 Protected areas  5 Species-based actions  5.5 Disease, pathogen, parasite management  5.7 Ex situ conservation actions  5.7.2 Genome resource bank  Countries of Occurrence

PRESENCE ORIGIN Year Breeding Non- Passage Possibly ExtinctPresence Native Introduced Re- Vagrant Origin Round Season breeding migrant extinct uncertain Introduced uncertain only season only Australia    Western Australia   

General Habitats Score Description Major Importance 1 Forest 1UnsetSuitable 1.4 Forest - Temperate1Unset Suitable 2 Savanna 1UnsetSuitable 2.1 Savanna - Dry1Unset Suitable 3 Shrubland 1UnsetSuitable 3.8 Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation1Unset Suitable

Species Utilisation  Species is not utilised at all

Trend in the level of wild offtake/harvest in relation to total wild population numbers over the last five years: Trend in the amount of offtake/harvest produced through domestication/cultivation over the last five years: CITES status: Not listed

IUCN Red Listing Red List Assessment:(using 2001 IUCN system) Endangered (EN)

Red List Criteria: B1ab(iii) Date Last Seen (only for EX, EW or Possibly EX species): Is the species Possibly Extinct?  Possibly Extinct Candidate?  Rationale for the Red List Assessment J. sericea is listed as Endangered in view of its restricted range (EOO ~1,800 km squared) in a highly populated area of Western Australia, Perth. This shrub is only known to occur in the woodlands of the suburbs of Perth and it is found in reserves around this area, however these are highly fragmented. Its seeds have been banked as an ex situ conservation measure. Many of the natural habitas of this region were extensively cleared for urban development, and the dieback root disease continues to be a threat to these habitats and this species. Therefore, it is recommended that the habitat status and threats to this species continue to be monitored in the near future. Reason(s) for Change in Red List Category from the Previous Assessment:  Genuine Change  Nongenuine Change  No Change  Genuine (recent)  New information  Taxonomy  Same category  Genuine (since first assessment)  Knowledge of Criteria  Criteria Revisio and criteria  Incorrect data used  Other  Same category but previously change in criteria Current Population Trend: Decreasing Date of Assessment: 02/08/2010 Name(s) of the Assessor(s): Malcolm, P. Evaluator(s): Notes:

% population decline in the past: Time period over which the past decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): % population decline in the future: Time period over which the future decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): Number of Locations: Severely Fragmented: Number of Mature Individuals:

Bibliography Chappill, J.A., Wilkins, C.F., Crisp, M.D., 2007, Taxonomic revision of Jacksonia (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae), Australian Systematic Botany, 473–623, , Commonwealth of Australia, 1999, Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)10 June 2010, , , Department of Environment and Conservation, 2006, Phytophthora Dieback Atlas. From the bush to your back fence: What you need to know, Department of Environment and Conservation, , , Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2006, Management of Phytophthora cinnamomi for Biodiversity Conservation in Australia, Invasive species report, , , Canberra Grieve, B.J., 1998, How to know Western Australian Wildflowers, , University of Western Australian Press, Nedlands Mitchell, D., Williams, K., Desmond, A., 2002, Swan Coastal Plain 2 (SWA2 – Swan Coastal Plain subregion), A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002, Department of Conservatino and Land Management, , , Mockrin, M. and Kitching, R., 2001, Southeast Australia temperate savanna (AA0803), Wild World WWF full report14 June 2010, , , O'Gara, E., Howard, K., Wilson, B., Hardy, G.E., 2005, Management of Phytophthora cinnamomi for Biodiversity Conservation in Australia: Part 2 National Best Practice Guidelines, Commonwealth Government Department of the Environment and Heritage by the Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, , Murdoch University, Smith, M.G., 2010, Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for Western Australia, 25 March 2010, , Dept of Environment and Conservation, Como, W.A,