42Acta zoológica lilloana 62 (1): 42–46,C. B. Margaría 30 de junio et al.2018: Parasitoid Inostemma striaticornu in Argentina42

NOTA Parasitoid Wasp Inostemma striaticornu Buhl (: ) in Crops of Bell Pepper in Argentina

Avispa parasitoide Inostemma striaticornu Buhl (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) en cultivos de pimiento en Argentina

D.O.I.: https://doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/2018.62.1/5

Cecilia B. Margaría1,2, Peter Neerup Buhl3, Daniel Alejandro Aquino4, E. Mónica Ricci1 1 Zoología Agrícola, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Fo- restales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 119, 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] 2 Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque sin número, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 3 The Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Co- penhagen, Denmark. 4 Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE) (CONICET-UNLP). Boulevard 120 entre 60 y 64, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

ä Abstract — Some species of the genus Inostemma have been recorded in pests associ- ated with numerous botanical families, the current work records the presence of the men- tioned parasitoid in an area of high plant diversity in La Plata, Argentina. The parasitoid wasp Inostemma striaticornu Buhl () is mentioned for the first time in the country in bell pepper crops. Keywords: Platygastrid, La Plata, geographical distribution.

ä Resumen — Algunas especies del género Inostemma han sido registradas en plagas asociadas a numerosas familias botánicas, aquí se registra la presencia del parasitoide en un área con gran diversidad vegetal en La Plata, Argentina. Se cita por primera vez la avispa parasitoide Inostemma striaticornu Buhl (Platygastrinae) en el país en cultivos de pimiento. Palabras clave: Platigástridos, La Plata, distribución geográfica.

Platygastroidea is the third largest super- more than 80 species were recorded (Loiá- family in Hymenoptera, with approximately cono, 1998; Loiácono et al.¸ 2002; Masner & 5800 species grouped in 270 genera described Huggert, 1989; Vlug, 1995). Platygastroidea worldwide. In the Neotropical Region, about is represented by species in almost all regions 420 species belonging to 90 genera have been of the world with the exception of the polar recorded (Arias Penna, 2002). In Argentina, region. Phylogenetic analysis conducted by

ä Ref. bibliográfica: Margaría, C. B., Buhl, P. N., Aquino, D. A., Ricci, E. M. (2018). Parasitoid Wasp Inostemma striaticornu Buhl (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Crops of Bell Pepper in Argentina. Acta zoológica lilloana 62 (1): 42–46. ä Recibido: 05/11/17 – Aceptado: 17/04/18 ä URL de la revista: http://actazoologica.lillo.org.ar ä Algunos derechos reservados. Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución – No Comercial – Sin Obra Derivada 4.0 Internacional. Acta zoológica lilloana 62 (1): 42–46, 30 de junio 2018 43

Murphy et al. (2007) and Sharkey (2007) re- Within Platygastrinae, Inostemma Haliday sulted in the consideration of Scelionidae and is cosmopolitan, with nine species recorded Platygastridae within the Platygastroidea fam- in the Neotropical Region (Table 1). Samples ily, based on priority. This family contains five were collected on Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, subfamilies: Teleasinae, Telenominae, Sceli- Caprifoliaceae, Ephedraceae, emerged from oninae, Sceliotrachelinae and Platygastrinae. galls of Brassicaceae, from larvae and pu- The first three subfamilies are exclusively egg pae of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), and from parasitoids, parasitizing eggs of Lepidoptera, galls produced by Aphalaridae (Hemiptera) Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Embioptera, Cole- and Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) (Johnson, optera, Odonata, Mantodea, Neuroptera and 2004). spider eggs, mainly of the families Araneidae Since species of the genus Inostemma and Theridiidae (Masner, 1976; Austin & have been reported in pests associated with Field, 1997; Margaría, 2008; Margaría et al., numerous botanical families, we aimed at 2014). Platygastrinae are known to parasitize recording the presence of the parasitoid in eggs and early larval stages of Diptera (Ceci- an area with high plant diversity in La Plata, domyiidae), which are predominant in Chile Argentina. and New Zealand, while Sceliotrachelinae are The site covers an area of 64 hectares with egg parasitoids of Coleoptera (Curculionidae a wide diversity of crops: extensive crops in- and Cerambycidae), Hemiptera (Flatidae) cluding wheat (Triticum spp.), oat (Avena and nymphs of whiteflies, aphids and scales spp.), corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum [Sorghum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae, Pseudoccocidae, bicolor (L.) Moench], and soybean [Glycine Aphididae) (ICAR-NBAIR, 2016; Fernández max (L.) Merr.]; intensive protected crops, & Sharkey, 2006). namely, bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var.

Table 1. Neotropical species of the genus Inostemma Haliday. Geographical and biogeographi- cal distribution, hosts, and references. Tabla 1. Especies Neotropicales del género Inostemma Haliday. Distribución geográfica y bio- geográfica, hospedadores y referencias.

Biogeographical Inostemma Geographical distribution Host Reference species distribution (subregion/province) (Morrone, 2001) I. bermudianum Buhl Warwick (Bermuda) Caribbean Contarinia ¿juniperina? Buhl, 2011 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

I. bicornutum Ashmead Saint Vincent Caribbean/Bahamas Unknown Ashmead, 1894

I. mendozanum Brèthes Mendoza (Argentina) Andean/Paramo Unknown Brèthes, 1910 Puna/Prepuna

I. microcerum Kieffer Chacras de Coria, Luján de Andean/Paramo Baccharis juncea (Lehm) Kieffer & Jörgensen, & Jörgensen Cuyo, Mendoza (Argentina) Puna/Prepuna Desf. (Asteraceae) 1910

I. noyesi Buhl Trinidad Caribbean/Trinidad & Unknown Buhl, 2011 Tobago

I. porteri Brèthes Río Blanco, Valparaíso, Andean/Central Chilean Unknown Brèthes, 1918 Chile

I. rex Buhl Nova Teutonia (Brazil) Parana/Parana Forest Unknown Buhl, 2011

I. simillimum Ashmead Saint Vincent Caribbean/Bahamas Unknown Ashmead, 1894

I. striaticornu Buhl Isla de Coiba (Panamá) Caribbean/West Unknown Buhl, 2002 Panamanian Isthmus 44 C. B. Margaría et al.: Parasitoid Wasp Inostemma striaticornu in Argentina

Figure 1. Inostemma striaticornu Buhl. a) lateral view, b) dorsal view. Scale: 0.1 mm. Figura 1. Inostemma striaticornu Buhl. a) vista lateral, b) vista dorsal. Escala: 0,1 mm. annuum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), willow (Salix spp.), poplar (Populus spp.) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), and cab- eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), and spontane- bage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.); open- ous flora including Sorghum halepense (L.) air crops, such as bell pepper, pumpkin (Cu- Pers. and Brassica rapa L. curbita pepo L.), and sweet corn; aromatics, In 2015, while monitoring the open-air mainly oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and crops with entomological net at «Estación peppermint (Mentha spp.); and fruit: peach Experimental Julio Hirschhörn» (School of [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch], plum (Prunus Agriculture and Forest Sciences, National subgen. Prunus), apple (Malus x domestica University of La Plata, Los Hornos local- Borkh.), pear (Pyrus comunis L.), grapevine ity, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina — (Vitis spp.), and olive tree (Olea europaea L.). 34º59’05.84”S; 57º59’49.80”O—), we noted The area also presents forest plantations of the presence of Inostemma striaticornu Buhl Acta zoológica lilloana 62 (1): 42–46, 30 de junio 2018 45

(Fig. 1 a-b) only in bell pepper crops (Cap- photography of Platygastroidea samples. E. sicum annuum L. var. annuum, Solanaceae). Mónica Ricci: supervision, preparation of This species is only known in Panama. This is manuscript, monitoring and species identi- the first record of this parasitoid wasp in the fication. Province of La Pampa in the Chaco Biogeo- graphical Region, Argentina. Platygastroid CONFLICTS OF INTEREST sample measurements and photographs were To the best of our knowledge there are taken with a Leica DFC290 digital camera at- not conflict of interest among the authors or tached to a Leica S8APO stereomicroscope. with third parties. Parasitoids were identified using taxonomic keys to the species (Buhl, 2011) and original LITERATURE CITED species description (Buhl, 2002). Entomo- logical materials (20 ÿÿ, 22-iv-2015, Aquino Arias-Penna, T. M. (2002). Lista de los géne- & Gallardo colls.) were housed in the collec- ros y especies de la superfamilia Platy- gastroidea (Hymenoptera) de la Región tion of the Entomology Division, Museo de Neotropical. Biota Colombiana, 3, 215- La Plata (MLP, for its abbreviation in Span- 233. ish), Argentina. Ashmead, W.H. (1894). Report on the para- Loiácono et al. (2002) emphasize the sitic Cynipidae, part of the Braconidae, need of performing further studies on the bi- the Ichneumonidae, the Proctotrypidae, and part of the Chalcidinae. Part III. Zo- odiversity of platygastrids in the Neotropical ological Journal of the Linnean Society Region, particularly in Argentina, being the of London, 25, 188-254. third species of Inostemma recorded in the Austin, A.D., & Field, S. A. (1997). The ovi- country. This information will allow a better positor system of scelionid and platy- taxonomic knowledge of native parasitoid gastrid (Hymenoptera: Platygas- troidea): comparative morphology and species and parasitoid-host associations. phylogenetic implications. Invertebrate , 11, 1- 87. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Brèthes, J. (1910). Himenópteros argentinos. In Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Thanks are due to Secretaría de Ciencia Aires, (20, pp. 205-316). y Técnica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata Brèthes, J. (1918). Cueillette d’ au (UNLP, for its abbreviation in Spanish) and Rio Blanco. Revista Chilena de Historia Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científi- Natural, 22, 161-171. Buhl, P. N. (2002). Contributions to the platy- cas y Técnicas (CONICET, for its acronym in gastrid fauna of Panama (Hymenoptera, Spanish) for providing financial support. Platygastridae). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift für Entomologie, 23(26), 309-330. FUNDING Buhl, P. N. (2011). New Neotropical species of Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae Thanks are due to Secretaría de Ciencia (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), with keys y Técnica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata to species of the larger genera, some (UNLP, for its abbreviation in Spanish) and redescriptions and a checklist. Folia Hey- rovskyana, series A, 19(1-4), 25-128. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científi- F. Fernández, & M. Sharkey (Eds.). (2006). cas y Técnicas (CONICET, for its acronym in Introducción a los Hymenoptera de la Spanish) for providing financial support. región Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Haliday, A. H. (1833). An essay on the clas- PARTICIPATION sification of the parasitic Hymenoptera Cecilia Margaría: identification of sam- of Britain, which correspond with the ples of Platygastroidea, preparation of manu- Ichneumones minuti of Linnaeus. Ento- mological Magazine, 1, 259-276. script. Peter Neerup Buhl: identification of Indian Platigastroidea. (2016). ICAR – NBAIR. samples of Platygastroidea. Daniel Alejan- Retrieved from http://www.nbair.res.in/ dro Aquino: monitoring, identification and Platygastroidea/index.php 46 C. B. Margaría et al.: Parasitoid Wasp Inostemma striaticornu in Argentina

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