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Home , Bringing Up Baby, His Girl Friday, Only Angels Have Wings

Bringing Up Baby (1938)

By Michael Schlesinger

In 1938, a self-appointed arbiter of public tanked on first release that were later recog- taste named Harry Brandt wrote a notorious nized as classics (and sometimes the oppo- article in the “Independent Film Journal” list- site is true as well). Perhaps it was Hepburn. ing a group of stars he deemed “box-office Possibly people thought it was some sort of poison.” It included some of the biggest kiddie film (the titular “Baby” is a pet leop- names in history: Garbo, Astaire, Crawford, ard.) Or maybe Hawks repeated his “mis- Dietrich, Mae West (who laughed it off) and take” from “”—“Everybody most famously, the woman many consider was crazy. There was nobody normal to the finest actress of the 20th Century, identify with.” Of course, years later, that be- . In Kate’s instance, it came an asset rather than a liability, but it wasn’t unjustified: She did have a string of didn’t help in 1938. Not until it hit TV in the duds, some good (“Alice Adams,” “Sylvia late 1950s did people truly notice what a Scarlett”), some not so much (“Break of damn funny movie it is, even without the Hearts,” “A Woman Rebels”), with only the benefit of a theatre full of laughing people. ensemble comedy “” edging into And after Hawks was “discovered” in the the black. So when RKO asked her to try a 1960s by the French and their American slapstick farce, she felt it was a leap worth counterparts and An- taking. drew Sarris, its reputation finally began to soar. Certainly the circumstances couldn’t be bet- ter. Screwball comedies were still popular, Briefly: Grant is a timid zoologist with an ice- she’d be reteamed with , given berg fiancée and a brontosaurus skeleton crack support from expert farceurs and a one bone shy of completion. Hepburn is a script co-written by , and rid- madcap heiress who crosses his path; in- ing herd over the madness would be How- stantly love-struck, she promptly begins ard Hawks. It couldn’t miss. turning his life into a symphony of catastro- phes (including arrest). Throw in that leop- It did. Though reviews were mostly positive ard—which can only be calmed by the song and it did fine business in a few cities, many “I Can’t Give You Anything But Love, more, notably New York, gave “”—a nasty little dog (played by Asta), Baby” the cold shoulder. (It didn’t help that an assortment of other crazy people and a Hawks allowed the cost to balloon to over a missing dinosaur bone, and soon his very million—an absurd amount for a comedy.) sanity is on the line. Kate sadly decided she was the problem. She bought out her contract for $220,000, “Baby” forms a loose trilogy with two other and after one more picture at Columbia Hawks comedies: “Monkey Business”— (“Holiday,” again with Cary), she returned to which also starred Grant as a distracted sci- Broadway and starred in a little play called entist—and a sort-of remake, “Man’s Favor- “The Philadelphia Story.” But that’s another ite Sport?” (It was intended for Grant, but he story. felt he’d gotten too old for that sort of thing, and so Rock Hudson stepped in.) All three So how did a flop somehow redeem itself as feature dominant women—a Hawks trade- one of the greatest comedies of all time? mark, of course—and easily manipulated Hard to say. History is full of movies that men, as well as animals as key plot devices; respectively, a leopard and a dog; chimpan- in the script, came when Robson asked why zees, and fish. But “Baby” broke new he was wearing a negligee. He leapt in the ground; women had pushed guys around air and shouted, “Because I just went all before, but never as vigorously as Hepburn of a sudden!” As that word was most com- does here. Moreover, unlike such genuinely monly understood at the time to mean tough broads as in “His “happy,” it slipped by the Breen Office’s hy- Girl Friday” or in “The Big persensitive nostrils. Sleep,” Hepburn is an innocent free spirit, al- most a predecessor to the modern Manic Of course, anytime you’re dealing with ani- Pixie Dream Girl. When she drives off in mals, it’s going to be less-than-smooth sail- other people’s cars, it never occurs to her ing, and having two leopards on set just that she’s doing anything wrong; she’s made it worse. With Grant in particular un- simply acting on impulse. Try as one might, derstandably nervous about being so close it’s difficult to be angry at someone incapa- to not-entirely-tame animals, Hawks re- ble of fathoming the harm she’s doing. sorted to a wide variety of special effects, matte work and other tricks to minimize their The stars were initially unsure of what the exposure, most of them created by an un- deal was. Grant was used to playing suave, credited Linwood Dunn. (There’s a swell knowing characters, so Hawks told him to demonstration of how they were done on think (and gave him Lloyd-like YouTube.) And speaking of Dunn, some left- glasses) and it snapped into place. Hepburn over props from “King Kong” can be spotted had a tougher road; this kind of zaniness in the background of the museum scenes. was way outside her zone. Hawks finally suggested she get some tips from Walter “Baby’s disappointing grosses had their ram- Catlett, who went back to the Ziegfeld days. ifications. Good: Nichols and A quick study, she promptly understood (who wrote the original story and worked on what was needed, giving the blithest perfor- the screenplay) fell in love. Bad: RKO, furi- mance of her career. (The rest of the actors ous at the budget overrun, yanked Hawks were cast strictly to type and had no prob- off his next film, “Gunga Din,” and replaced lem doing their things.) In their second of him with —who ended up four films together, the stars play off each going even more over schedule and budget other superbly, with the ease that can only than Hawks probably would have. But good: come from that singular personal chemistry He and Cary went to Columbia and made truly remarkable actors have, and their inter- the incomparable “” actions with Charlie Ruggles (befuddled big and “.” And we’ve already game hunter), (imperious dow- noted Kate’s fate—though it was happily ager), (boozy gardener), short-lived. Catlett (flummoxed constable) and (dotty psychiatrist) are sheer poetry. Moreover, its influence continued far beyond the two follow-ups, and in 1972, Bogda- Hawks encouraged improvising; Hepburn’s novich did his own quasi-remake, “What’s reference to Grant as “Jerry the Nipper” Up, Doc?”, even repeating some of the came from his previous film, “The Awful same gags. (The two films have something Truth.” Grant himself suggested the famed else in common: no underscoring.) Though torn dress/hat-over-ass gag, noting it had unlike “Baby,” it was an instant smash. And actually happened to him years earlier. while all four pictures remain prized by When Hepburn accidentally broke a heel, he movie lovers, it’s “Baby” that earns pride of whispered “born on the side of a hill,” and place, all the elements coming together in she immediately went into the bit. And the an almost alchemic way to create true com- most famous ad-lib, which was definitely not edy magic. At one point, Grant observes that with Hepburn, there aren’t any quiet mo- ments. That’s also true of this masterpiece— and that goes double for audiences watch- ing it.

The views expressed in this essay are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the .

Michael Schlesinger is widely acknowledged as the dean of classic film distributors, having spent more than 25 years at MGM, Paramount and Sony, keeping hundreds of vintage movies in theatrical release (and later DVD). He oversaw the completion of ' “It's All True,” wrote and produced the American version of “Godzilla 2000,” co-produced such Larry Blamire parodies as “The Lost Skeleton Returns Again” and “Dark and Stormy Night,” and has written, produced and directed several shorts featuring the faux-1930's comedy team of Biffle & Shooster